FINAL
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
DEBRIS REMOVAL, NORTH BRANCH CHICAGO RIVER, ILLINOIS
Prepared by
U. S. ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, CHICAGO ILLINOIS
APRIL 1572 April 1972
Debris Removal, North Branch Chicago River, Illinois
( .) Draft (X) Final Environmental Statement
Responsible Office: Army Engineer District, Chicago, Illinois
1. Name of Action; (X) Administrative ( ) Legislative
2. Description of Action: Clearing a 12-mile reach of the North Branch of the Chicago River, Cook County, Illinois cf fallen trees, roots, ensnarle- ments and unnatural objects. All debris and other assorted refuse within the channel lines would be removed to approved disposal areas provided by a local cooperating agency.
3a. Environmental Impacts; This stream bed improvement will remove conditions which contribute to flooding, unsightliness and pollution of the river. The proposed actions would not however eliminate major sources of stream pollution or make a significant contribution toward ameliorating existing water quality or flooding.
3b Adverse Environmental Effects; Limited areas may be disturbed by debris removal operations.
A. Alternatives: "No action"; other combinations of scales of removal operations; methods of transporting accumulated debris and refuse to transfer points, and location and methods of final disposal; or the commitment of resources instead to a comprehensive and intensive effort for restoration of the entire river system to ecological health.
5 Comments Received:
Environmental Protection Agency United States Department of Interior United States Department of Agriculture Soil Concervation Service United States Department of Transportation U. S. Coast Guard State of Illinois Natural Resource Development Board Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission City of Chicago Forestry and Parkway Bureau Cook County Forest Preserve District Central Midwest Region of National Audoban Society North River Commission
6. Draft Statement to CEQ n . Final Statement to CEQ 2 4 MAY 1972 LIST OF ADDRESSEES WHICH"RECEIVED ‘ DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
Mr. Merrill B. Garnet Chief, Federal Activities Coordination Branch Environmental Protection Agency 1 North Wacker Chicago, Illinois 60606
Honorable John W. Larson Asst. Secretary - Program Policy Department of Interior Washington, D. C. 20240
District Conservationist Soil Conservation Service United States Department of Agriculture 71 Old Rand Road Lake Zurich, Illinois 60047
Commander Ninth Coast Guard District U. S. Department of Transportation Federal Office Building 1240 E. Sth Street Cleveland, Ohio 44199
Forestry & Parkvays Bureau City of Chicago 121 N. La Salle Chicago, Illinois 60603
Forest Preserve District Cook County Department 536 North Harlem River Forest, Illinois 60305
Mr. Ben Soscwitz General Superintendent Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago 100 East Erie Street Chicago, Illinois 60611
Mr. Donald E. Matschke Chairman, Cook County Clean Stream Committee Cook County Forest Preserve District lldqrts. 536 N. Harlem Ave. and Lake Street River Forest, Illinois 60305 Mr. Matthew L. Rockv/ell Executive Director Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission 400 West Madison Street Chicago, Illinois 60606
Izaak Walton League of America ' 1326 Waukegan Road Glenview, Illinois 60025
Mr. John L. Franson Central Midwest Represetnative National Audubon Society Central Midwest Regional Office 1020 East 20th Street Owensboro, Kentucky 42301
Mr. Richard Wason, President Sierra Club, Great Lakes Chapter 616 Dalles Wheaton, Illinois 60157
Mr. M. J. William Fredrickson President, North River Commission 4858 North Kedzie Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60625
Mr. Dressier Village of Niles Park District 7877 Milwaukee Niles, Illinois 60648 April 1972
DETAILED FIVE-POINT ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT FOR DEBRIS REMOVAL NORTH BRANCH CHICAGO RIVER, ILLINOIS
Prepared in Accordance with Section 102(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 Public Law 91-190
1. Project Description. The proposed improvement provides for clearing the channel of the North Branch of the Chicago River, Illinois of fallen trees, roots and other debris and objects which contribute to flooding, unsightliness and pollution of the river.
The North Branch Chicago River is located in the northwestern part of the city of Chicago, Niles and Morton Grove, Illinois. The reach to be cleared is approximately 12 miles long, between Golf Road in Morton Grove, Illinois, and the juncture of the North'Branch and the North Shore Channel just south of Foster Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. About 90 percent of the reach flows through Cook County Forest Preserve land.
The project includes the complete removal of all debris from the river. Assorted refuse on the immediate bank area will also be removed. There will be selected removal of fallen and overhanging trees and branches. Clearing of debris from river will be accomplished by removing snags, logs, and branches from river to bank; felling and cutting large sized trees (fallen trees spanning the river and dead tree material); and removal of barrels, tires and other debris to shore. Debris to be removed includes visibly sunken, floating, or accumulated material on the immediate banks that impede flow at low water or that will likely in the near future cause ensnarlments. It was previously estimated that there was approximately 2,400 cu. yds. of debris to be removed. The work is scheduled to be accomplished during a three month period beginning during the latter part of the summer of 1972. The project has a $200,000 cost limitation.
Removal of debris can be accomplished from highway bridges, adjacent golf courses and selected sites in the forest preserve system. More remote areas may be reached by temporary access roads, making use of natural acess areas adjacent to the river wherever possible. A survey will be required to delineate access points as well as the metes and bounds of the area to be cleared. The debris will be removed to approved private disposal areas. There are four private disposal areas within approximately 30 miles of the project area. Selection of a specific area or areas is the decision of the contractor awarded the job. No open burning of combustible material will be allowed. Performance of the above removal Is also the basic responsibility of the contractor. Clearing of debris however, will most likely be accomplished by manually removing snags, logs, branches from river to bank, felling and cutting large sized tree material, and winching of barrels, tanks and larger items to shore. This material will be transported by track equipment to a central collection point, or floated to a highway bridge. Trucks could then be loaded by truck mounted cranes or end loaders. If rafts are used to transport debris.temporary low water dams could be constructed of sandbags at highway bridge locations to facilitate debris removal in shallower isolated areas. Temporary dams could raise the water approximately 3 feet in each reach and permit flat-bottom skiff or rafts to float debris to highway bridges for loading into trucks.
This stream clean-up project is considered desirable because of the improvement to environmental quality that will result. It will improve the general appearance of the area and enhance existing recreational use in the parklands. It may allow the river to flow somewhat faster and result in a minor improvement of water quality via flushing action. It will not, however, eliminate outfall'sources of pollution which are major detrimental factors to water quality. Finally it may alsp reduce flooding somewhat by removal of material which impedes the river's flow.
2. Environmental Setting Without the Project The North Branch Chicago River lie3 in densely populated portions of Lake and Cook Counties, Illinois. Its narrow and gently rolling plain is subject to flooding mainly in non- residential areas. Portions of urban land have been flooded in the past, and a substantially greater area is within reach of potentially greater floods.
The river parallels the shoreline of Lake Michigan flowing with gentle slopes from north to south through residential, agricultural lands, forest preserve, parks, golf courses, and marshy areas. The average slope of the North Branch is about two and one-half feet per mile. Most of the stream course is through wooded areas, such as forest preserves and the overbank, or flood flows, are slugglish. The important tributaries of the North Branch Chicago River are the West and Middle Forks and the Skokie River.
In the project area, the North Branch Chicago River flows through the Forest Preserves of Cook County, parkland of the city of Chicago, and some- private ownerships. The forest preserve districts, the primary purveyers of regional open space in Northeastern Illinois.have a tradition of low intensity development of their holdings. Forest preserves are therefor valuable remnants of natural areas for the enjoyment of the Chicago metropolitan area. Enabling legislation authorizes forest preserves to organize for the purpose of protecting and preserving the flora, fauna and scenic beauties within such district, and to restore, restock, protect and preserve the natural forests and said lands together with their flora and fauna, as nearly as nay be in their natural state and condition, for the purpose of the education, pleasure and recreation of the public. The river in project reach meanders through the communities of Morton Grove, Niles, and the City of Chicago. The width of the channel varies from 5 to 50 feet from bank to bank. The flood plain extends to a width of 200 feet in some locations and is littered with large accumulations of logs and dead trees which v?ere cast on the bank by floodwater. The river is generally littered with debris consisting of fallen trees, roots, ensnarl- ments and unnatural objects such as fuel oil tanks, fencing, drums, barrels, grocery carts, mattresses, refrigerators, automobile tires, and other miscel laneous sunken and floating objects. Approximately seventy-five percent of the debris consists of natural obstructions such as fallen trees, roots, etc. Tree material ranges from sapplings to 50 foot trees. Much of this debris eventually accumulates at many locations along bridge pilings and contributes to flooding by functioning as "artificial dams, and thus impeding the rivers flow. There are 19 streets, 3 railroads and 7 pedestrian bridges over the river. These bridges crossings are under the jurisdiction of the city of Chicago, the Cook county Forest Preserve, the State of Illinois, and 2 railroad companies. Besides attributing to minor flooding these "artificial dams" contribute to frequently existing stagnant water conditions. Swarms of mosquitoes have at tines plagued nearby residents.
Water quality along this sluggish stream has been classified as severely polluted by Federal and State water quality investigations which have reported high colifom and pathogenic bacteria counts, high amounts of methane and other indicators of anaerobic decomposition, and large quantities of algal scum and slime. Industrial pollution, sewer overflow, flooding, debris disposal, improper land use, and highly toxic materials present in the river water have apparently affected and killed some trees on the river banks. Fish are no longer able to survive in the North Branch waters. The stream is so polluted that it will not support fish life except carp or other types less succeptible to present water quality conditions. The scenic and recreational potential of the North Branch have been adversely affected. The rivers water is not safe for swinraing but it does serve for limited boating and some recreational purposes along its bank.
In order to free the stream of this pollution various actions have been initiated to coordinate efforts of local citizens, public officials, and government agencies in river clean-up efforts. In particular, some citizen groups have shown active involvement in patrolling and cleaning certain portions of the river. On various occasions sizeable numbers of volunteers have extracted large quantities of debris. On one occasion local Boy and Girl Scouts were reported to have removed more than 75 tons of trash and debris from the river to its banks. On still another occasion, members of the Canoe Trip Against Pollution and newsmen traversed 12 mile3 of the Chicago River's North Branch in an effort to dramatize the need for citizens involvement to put stricter controls on dumping into the North Branch. These efforts have had a positive impact on improving certain aspects of the river's problems.
Despite the actions of concerned agencies and groups, however, the waterway has never been completely cleared. Operations have been somewhat limited in scope and of short duration and seldom coordinated. Agencies that have areas of responsibilities for this waterway include the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago, the Forestry and Parkway's Bureau of the city of Chicago, Cook County Forest Preserve and the Department of Transportation. Limited funds, man-power shortages and overlapping jurisdiction problems have prevented full discharge of these duties.
3. The Environmental Impact of the Proposed Project. The intended actions would improve conditions which presently contribute to area unsightliness, reduce the quality of the recreational experience, adversely effect fish and wildlife and present potential health problems.
Investigations have shown that one of the river's major problems is caused by material obstructions such as trees, roots, etc - accumulating along bridges pilings and impeding the rivers flew. Any improvement in water quality resulting from an increase in velocity of a stream is dependent on the change in velocity and in the volume of water in the stream. The North Branch of the Chicago River is naturally slow moving, averaging 75 c.f.s., and in most cases is relatively shallow so any changes in aeration, and therefore in water quality, would be very minor. If stagnant water were to become less stagnant there would be a minor improvement in the existing algae condition. Any significant algae improvement would however depend on reduction of nutrients entering the stream. Improved stream flow will also reduce to some extent the abnormal algal growth. Mosquitoe breeding in the river would also be less of a problem to local residents.
Recurrent flooding which occurs during heavy rains and spring runoff may likewise be reduced by clearing the "artificial uans" or debris from beneath the bridges that span the river. It should be noted that this is not a prime reason for local flooding. The principal causes of flooding are the low banks of the stream which vary from very low to 5 feet through much of the project area, numerous storm sewers, plus a large drainage area. Flooding might well become more of a problem, however, with continuation of debris build up. Removal at this time would also benefit the area's recreational and aesthetic value. The Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission has indicated that the project should provide considerable improvement in the appearance of the stream and its usefulness as a recreational facility. No land use changes should result. Removal of tree material debris could also eliminate the potential breeding ground of certain insects and plant pathogens, such as elm bark beettles which carry the fungus causing Dutch Elm disease. Particular attention will be devoted to avoid damaging existing lands, properties, utilities and natural resources in this removal process.
For those trees requiring cutting the tree stumps will be cut off at ground level and the root systems will be left in the ground so that the earth is not disturbed and subjected to erosion. Also, live vegetation along the banks will not be disturbed except where necessary to provide access to and removal of collected debris. Access routes for debris removal will be coordinated with anticipated trail locations which are presently being planned by the Cook County Forest Preserve as part of a North Branch trail system development. Areas disturbed during construction will be restored. 4 4. Any Adverse Environmental Effects Which Cannot be Avoided Should the Project be Implemented. Limited areas may be disturbed by debris removal equipment where access roads are not available. Since the major portion of the 12-mile reach under discussion is easily accessible for clean-up operations, as determined by field reconnaissance, little difficulty or conflict with existing resources in removal is expected. Care would be taken to minimize moving any heavy equipment required in removal operations onto wet shorelines or other areas where potential damage may occur. Clean-up operations would be carefully outlined to avoid unnecessary clearing, not only for aesthetic reasons, but also to avoid potential bank erosion in the future. The removal of dead trees and brush could have some negative effects as they do provide limited cover and habitat for various birds and animals.
Areas that may be disturbed in conjunction with clean up operations will be restored as much as possible to their original condition. Contract specifications will institute the controls necessary to minimize any potential adverse impacts.
5. Alternatives to the Proposed Action. The "no action" alternative would allow unsightliness and other present river problems to continue. This would have a definite negative environmental impact on the affected communities and parklands.
Due to the nature of the proposed improvement, alternatives are largely limited to varying scales or extent of operations, differing collection methods, and alternate disposal locations and methods.
The scope of removal operations has been designed to minimize attendant adverse impact on the environment. The water level achieved if sandbag dams were to be used would be largely contained in the existing banks and would not subject the surrounding floodplain to permanently standing water. The dams would be in place only as long as necessary to collect and transport debris to bridge, locations for pickup. This course of action would involve considerably less impact than normal flooding. Collected material would be disposed of in accordance with government regulations and restrictions. Since this project proposal has not surfaced any significant questions of environmental conflict, there is no basis for giving other debris removal alternatives further consideration.
What may be regarded as one additional alternative does exist. This approach would instead utilize available and additional necessary fiscal resources to attack the major pollution problems of the entire North Branch Chicago River. The presently authorized improvement does not include consideration major sources of stream pollution or make & significant contribution toward substantially improving existing water quality. The use of proposed project fiscal resources in the manner previously outlined will not improve the basic pollution problem.
5 In a separate, but related matter, certain local groups have pre viously made intensive efforts to secure Federal assistance for improving the North Branch Giicago River. When the President's first annual report on the environment came out, it recommended demonstration projects for restoring entire river systems to ecological health. In a subsequent letter to the Council on Environmental Quality these local groups requested consideration of the North Branch for case study because it "offers all the classic problems affecting waterways today." It is fouled with industrial wastes, combined sewer overflow, flooding, overuse, debris, and improper land use and yet has the advantage of being small enough to be managed as a pilot project. It drains a densely populated area as well as exerbia. Its basin lies within a single state. While the request to the National Council on Environmental Quality that the North Branch be made a demonstration project has apparently not received a favorable response local groups remain dedicated to the rivers restoration and plan to continue their efforts to focus attention on the need to restore natural flora and fauna to the river.
In the final analysis, any significant long-term contribution to the existing severely polluted stream condition must center around more comprehensive approaches.
6 • .the Relationship Between the Local Short-term Uses of Man's Environ ment and the Maintenance and Enhancement of Long-term Productivity. The recommended improvement would not cause any conflict between the short— term uses of nan s environment and long—terra risks to health or safety. Clean-up operations would not be deleterious to water quality or the environment within the impacted areas. While the elimination of point source pollution will be the most effective means to maintain long-term quality, the project will have significant beneficial effects on the existing situation. If present trends of debris disposal in the North Branch continue, this clean-up measure will, however, only be of temporary i^!CtiVeneSS\ th, projc^c sarvCE 85 an impetus to further clean uPs, long-range positive river enhancement may be expected. *”
Once this clean up project i3 completed, the scenic quality of the river itself, and therefore the recreation value of the area will be immediately enhanced. Once this project is completed it is intended that continuing litter and debris maintenance efforts will be the responsibility of the several agencies with jurisdiction over the waterway and surrounding
Furthermore, the nature of the proposed short-term measures should not conflict with potential more comprehensive "total" clean-up efforts. Discussions centering around use of the North Branch as a demonstration project have advocated aerating the river with midstream air jets, of quickening its flow with pure water, of upgrading sewage treatment, of implementing proper land use control, etc. Talk of this sort has buoyed the hopes of the North Branch's friends who would like to see the green- belt of parks and forest preserves and golf courses that already exist threaded by a clean river. These interests feel that a truly successful project must be both comprehensive and continuing if a water quality is to be achieved which will allow the river to support game fish and if interest is to be generated for eventually building bicycle paths and hiking trails along the river. Residents of the area may be encouraged in these goals by the recent Illinois Pollution Control Board classification of the North Branch for primary contact quality.
7. Any Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Resources Which Would be Involved in the Prposed Action Should it be Implemented. Labor resources associated with the project would be irreversibly and irretrievably committed. The commitment of these resources would not have any significant adverse impact cn the affected area. No change should occur in the use of project lands and water resources due to this improvement.
8 Coordination With Other Agencies.
a. Public Participation. The holding of a public hearing to afford local interests an opportunity to express their views on the considered plan of improvement was not considered necessary at this time because of the limited nature of the work to be performed. The District Engineer has, however, continuously and closely coordinated with local interests throughout the entire study.
h. Government Agencies. Views and comments on the draft environmental were received from the following governmental agencies. Their comments are summarized below. Copies of agency replies are attached to this statement.
(1) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, USEDA.
Cocmentj Requested addition of the following to the project description section
a. estimate of quantity of debris b. locations of approved disposal areas c. no open burning d. project completion time, first costs and projected implementation date
Response: The present statement has been revised to contain additional information in this regard.
Comment: Although this project does not solve the basic problem of stream pollution it will have significant beneficial effects.
5£S£2P_se.: With respect to this project the Corps has no additional authority to develop a comprehensive overall plan for stream pollution abate ment. Comment; Any reduction in ponding area that serves as breeding grounds for mosquitoes is highly desirable.
C°n®ent: Requested development of contract provisions for measures required to be takca during and after debris removal operations to prevent or minimize adverse environmental impact.
Response; Additional discussion has been incorporated into the statement concerning precautions to prevent environmental disturbance during clean up operations and measures to be taken to restore any areas which may be disturbed. Contract specifications will institute the controls necessary to minimize adverse impacts.
Comment: The maintenance and enhancement of long-term quality of the North Branch should be the ultimate goal of any efforts to restore the river.
Elimination of natural and unnatural objects should be the primary responsibility of local agencies with Jurisdiction over the river, primarily the Cook County Forest Freserve.
The Cojrps has received special authorization and funding from Congress to undertake the proposed plan of improvement. Once this project is completed, it is intended that continuing litter and debris maintenance efforts be the responsibility of the several agencies with jurisdiction over the waterway and surrounding lands. No long-term agreements between the Corps of Engineers and local agencies for maintenance of the project area are being made.
(2) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR. USDI.
• Reference to the needs for effluent discharge permits to improve the aquatic environment should emphasize that the present proposal is only one phase of an overall improvement program that is needed.
®£®P.5?}se; The present proposal is in fact only one phase of overall Federal, state and local pollution efforts. Another program which might reasonably be expected to have beneficial impact on the North Branch is the Federal pr-rmit program. Permits for deposition refuse and discharges (except sewage) into navigable waters are covered by Section 13 of the 1899 River and Harbor Act. It should be noted however, that issuance of certain permits (including those associated with the major portion of the North Brauch and the project area) has been enjoined by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (Kalur and Large v. Resor, et al, CIV No. 1331-71,22 December 1971). Pending resolution of the legal issues involved in this case the government is continuing to process applications short of issuing any permit in order to facilitate the administrative effort in the event the restriction is removed. Consent: A brief discussion n Cook Count'/ Forest Creserve and itr species composition night serve to emphasize the importance of improving these roost valuable comments of natural areas for the enjoyment of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Response; An appropriate addition has been incorporated into the statement.
Comment; A discussion of the recreational use occur!ng along the river would be appropriate also.
Response: The stateroent has been revised to include a description of the existing recreational setting.
Comment: The expected improvement in water flow and perhaps water quality will be reflected in the increased use of the river flood plain by bird3 and other wildlife species which inhabit the greenbelt.
Comment: Two statements concerning the projects' relationship to adjacent lands need clarification.
Response: These statements have been expanded to clarify their original intent.
CocsEent: The reference to elimination of potential breeding ground of certain plant pathogens should be more specific.
Response: The present statement has been revised to include examples of specific plant pathogens.
Comment: Care must be taken to avoid any damage to existing lands, especially to areas of viable habitat.
Response: It is recognized that the removal of dead trees and brush could have some minor, negative effects as these do serve as cover for various birds and aninals. However, live plant material will not be disturbed except where necessary to provide access to and removal of collected debris.
Comment: Concur in the Corps comment of the possibility of project impetus to further clean-ups and regulation of others. However, it is cautioned that the project could also delude polluters into continued irresponsibility for their actions.
(3) SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE, USDA.
Comment: Ho objection to the proposed project.
(A) UNITED STATES COAST GUARD, USDOT.
Comment: Ho comment to offer in connection with the project. (5) NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT BOARD, STATE OF ILLINOIS.
Comment: No adverse comment to make.
(6) NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS PLANNING COMMISSION, NIPC.
Comment: The project should provide considerable improvement in the appearance of the stream and in its usefulness as a recreational facility. The debris removal should also provide increased flow and some reduction in flooding.
Comment: Recommended certain precautions to minimize vegative disturbances and prevent erosion to stream banks.
Response: Concur with the comments, and appropriate additional description has been incorporated into the statement.
Comment: Ferhaps access routes for debris removal could be coordinated with anticipated trail locations which are presently being planned by the Cook County Forest Preserve District as part of a North Branch trail system development.
Response: Access routes will be coordinated with the Forest Preserve District. The statement has been revised to contain addition-.! information in this regard.
(7) FORESTRY AND PARKWAY BUREAU, CITY OF CHICAGO.
Cement: We are in agreement with the premise of this project.
Comment: Suggested that the major responsibility of tree removal be handled by the Cook County Forest Preserve.
Eo;ponse : The project considers only very limited removal of living trees. It is realized that many trees and shrubs overhanging the river or growing in shallow water at its edge add beauty to the stream and should not be removed. Others do however create obstacles and should be removed. Therefore to define the scope of the project with respect to this aspect, the assistance of the Forest Preserve and citizen groups in selecting trees designated to be cut will be sought.
Comment: The Sanitary District of Greater Chicago presently has equipment adaptable for this program in operation. This includes a barge and a derrick for lifting logs and debris.
Response: It has been decided that the project will be accomplished on a competitive bidding basis. Comment: The Bureau of Forestry, Parkways and Beautification has not budgeted for River Bank tree removal or maintenance programs, but would be happy to counsel the agencies involved.
Response: The assistance of this agency is appreciated.
(8) FOREST PRESERVE DISTRICT, COOK COUNTY. - - ... ••« — - ...
Comment: Agreed in principle with the project proposal. Suggested a meeting to establish communication necessary to assist in expediting the proposed project and discuss several specifically listed items of importance.
Response: A meeting was held in the Chicago District Office on 16 March 1972 between members of the Corps and the Cook County Forest Preserve. This meeting satisfactorily resolved all matters of concern to the Forest Preserve including those items listed in the inclosed Forest Preserve District letter.
(9) NORTH RIVER COMMISSION.
Comment: Strongly favors this clean up of the North Branch.
Comment: Past local clean ups efforts have had only limited success in removing accumulated debris. Local resources are not sufficient to remove all local accumulated, particularly dead trees and tree branches.
Comment: Protection of live trees and vegetation growing along the river- banks and on the river bed area is the primary concern relative to proposal. Residents in communities adjacent to the North Branch would be opposed to removal of live trees rooted on the river bed.
The project proposal does not include any significant removal of healthy, live trees. Selected removal of fallen, diseased, and dead trees which might iRpedo river flow and contribute to flooding is considered. The Corps will have tba assistance of others in marking and designated material to be removed.
is hoped that the Corps can coordinate its project with the slated Illinois Division of Waterways 1972 revetment recon struction program for that portion of the North Branch between Central Park and Kimball Avenues.
Jtesjjonse: The project proposal has been closely coordinated with appro priate state and local agencies. These coordination efforts will continue.
Consent: It is further hoped that clean up efforts on the North Branch not end with purely debris removal efforts. While the removal of debris will improve the river flow and thus reduce to some extent the abnormal algal growth, significant river improvement is dependent on control of point sources of pollution. Response: Although, as previously mentioned, the scope and authorization of present proposal is decidely limited various other Federal, state and local efforts are now being focused on stream pollution.
(10 NATIONAL AUDUBON SOCIETY, CENTRAL MIDWEST REGIONAL OFFICE.
Comment: Agree that the project Is necessary and it would be environmentatly beneficial to clear the channel of the North Branch of the Chicago River.
Comment: Question advisability of removing fallen trees and root systems in the flood plain unless the decision to remove these trees is made jointly with the Forest Preserve District.
Response: Debris removal efforts have been revised to concentrate almost entirely on river bed improvement only. The Forsst Preserve District is assisting in the determination of exact proposal scope.
Comment: Temporary sandbag dams to raise water levels approximately three feet in order to enable flat-bottom skiffs to remove collected debris is preferable to the introduction of removal machinery into the area.
Comment: No material should be burned or buried on the site and debris should be removed to an approved disposal area.
Response: Concur.
Comentj Introduced a series of comments concerning suggested subsequent maintenance efforts, orientation of pollution control efforts, and responsibilities for river reconstruction and improvement. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION V I NORTH WACKER DRIVE CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 60606
March 1$, 1972
Major Leroy R. Hayden, Jr. Deputy D istrict Engineer U. S. Army Engineer D istrict, Chicago 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illin o is 6060U
Dear Major Hayden:
Reference is made to your letter of February 3, 1972, transmitting for our revie:* and comment the Draft Environmental Impact Statement fo r Debris Removal, North Branch Chicago River, Illin o is . Wo have completed our review of this project and submit the following comments for in corporation in to the Final Statement.
1» Project Description. An estimate of the quantity of debris to be removed and the locations o f approved disposal areas should be specified. No open burning o f combustible material should be allowed. The project completion time, first cost3 and projected implementation date should also bo given.
3» Environmental Impact. We agree that this project w ill have significant beneficial effects on the existing situation. Although this project does not solve the basic problems o f stream pollution, debris removal would be required in, and bo consistent with, any future comprehensive program of stream improvement. Any reduction in ponding area that serves as breeding grounds fo r mosquitoes is a highly desirable pro ject benefit.
h» Adverse E ffects. Area3 that are disturbed by heavy equipment in conjunction with clean up operations should be restored as much as possible to th eir origin al condition. The proposed precautions to prevent disturbance o f bottom sediments and to prevent bank erosion should be sp ec ific a lly stated in the contract specifications and strict observance of these pre cautions should be required as work progresses.
6. Short-Term Use3 and Long-Term Productivity. The maintenance and enhancement o f long-term quality o f the North Branch should be the ultimate goal o f any effo rts to restore the riv e r. While the elimination of point source pollution will be the most ef fective means to maintain long-term quality, the elimination - 2-
Major Leroy R. Harden, Jr. U.S. Array Engineer D istrict, Chicago
o f natural and unnatural objects should be the responsibility of the local agencies with jurisdiction over the river, pri marily the Cook County Forest Preserve. Once this project is completed, every e ffo rt should be made by the County to keep the river free of litter and debris. Aiy agreements between the Corps o f Digineers and lo c a l agencies fo r mainte nance o f the project area should be attached to the Impact Statement.
We appreciate the opportunity to review this Draft Statement and hope our comments w ill be useful in preparing the Final. Please send us a copy o f the Final Statement fo r our file s .
Sincerely yours,
M errill B. Garnet Chief, Federal Activities Coordination Branch United States Department of the Interior OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY NORTH CENTRAL REGION 2510 DEMPSTER STREET DES PLAINES, ILLINOIS 60016
MAR 2 01972
District Engineer U.S. Army Engineer District, Chicago 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604
Dear Sir:
The appropriate field level offices of the Department of the Interior have reviewed the draft environmental impact statement for Debris Removal, North Branch Chicago River, Illinois, as requested in your letter of February 3, 1972, to Mr. John W. Larson, Assistant Secretary- Program Policy, U.S. Department of the Interior.
The following field level comments relate specifically to section headings of the draft statement.
1. Project Description - This section is adequate.
2. Environmental Setting Without the Project - This section adequately presents the man-made conditions that currently provide the unsightly and undesirable environmental aspect of the river and narrow river floodplain. Perhaps a paragraph discussing the need for effluent discharge permits to further improve the aquatic environment of the river would emphasize that the present proposal is only one phase of an overall improvement program that is needed.
Since a major portion of this reach is within the delineated boundaries of the Cook County Forest Preserve, a brief discussion on the species composition of birds, mammals, plants, and other flora and fauna would emphasize the importance of improving these most valuable remnants of natural areas for the masses of people within the crowded metropolitan area. This information could probably be obtained from the Forest Preserve.
A discussion of the recreational use occurring along the river would be appropriate also. 2
3 The Environmental Impact of the Proposed Project - The expected improvement in water flow and perhaps water quality will be reflected in the increased use of the river floodplain by birds and other wildlife species which inhabit the green belt.
On page 4, two statements need clarification: "River improvements will increase the value of adjacent land. No land use changes should result." Is this area zoned to prevent urban or industrial development once the flooding has been reduced?
The reference to "certain plant pathogens" should be more specific.
4. Any Adverse Environmental Effects Which Cannot Be Avoided Should The Project Be Implemented - We agree that care will be needed to avoid damage to existing lands, especially to areas of viable habitat within the Preserve. The removal of dead and live trees and brush could have some negative effects as these do serve as cover for various birds and animals.
5. Alternatives to the Proposed Action - This section is adequate.
6. The Relationship Between the Local Short-term Uses of Man's Environment and the Maintenance and Enhancement of Long-term Productivity - The long-range positive aspects of the project as an impetus to further clean-ups and regulation are well stated. However, it should be recognized that the project could also delude polluters into continued irresponsibility for their actions.
7. Any Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Resources Which Would be Involved in the Proposed Action Should it be Implemented - This section appears adequate.
We appreciate this opportunity to provide comments.
incerely,
Burton H. Field Representative UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE ______P.0. Box 555 Lake Zurich, Illinois 600^7
February 1*+, 1972
Major Leroy R. Hayden, Jr. Department of the Army Chicago District Corps of Engineers 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 6060k
Dear Major Hayden:
We have reviewed the Environmental Statement for Debris Removal from the North Branch of the Chicago River, and have no further comment nor objections to the proposed project.
We appreciate the opportunity to participate in reviews of this nature.
Sincerely,
Lee H. Bridgman (/ District Conservationist
LHB/dlp
cc Rollin Swank DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Address reply to: UNITED STATES COAST GUARD b L« 1240 East 9th St. Cleveland, Ohio 44199 .5922 28 February 1972
• District Engineer U.S, Army D istrict Chicago Corps o f Engineers Federal Building 219 S. Dearborn St. Chicago, 1 1 1 . 6060*»
Dear S ir:
I have reviewed the Impact Statement fo r the removal o f debris in the North Branch o f the Chicago River (NCCPD-EKR), and I have no comment.
Sincerely,
E . MASON Commander, U.S. Coast Guard Chief, Intelligence and Law Enforcement Branch By direction o f Commander, Ninth Coast Guard D istrict RICHARD B.OCIIVIE RAY C DICKERSON Governor Director
STATE OF ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
March 15, 1972
Major LeRoy R. Hayden, Jr. Deputy District Engineer Chicago District Corps of Engineers Department of the Army 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604
Dear Major Hayden:
Reference is made to your letter of February 3, 1972, File No. NCCPD-ERR, requesting State comment on the Draft Environmental Statement, Debris Removal, North Branch, Chicago River, Illinois.
The Illinois Natural Resource Development Board has reviewed the draft statement and has no adverse comment to make thereon.
Sincerely,
Ray C. D ickerson
In the New Illinois, we occximmockrte!
222 S O U T H C O L L E G E ST. 205 W . W A C K ER D R IV E, SU ITE 1122 100 SO U TH M O N RO E ST. 1730 M STREET, N VV .-SU ITE 810 SPRINGEIEID, ILLINOIS 62706 C H IC A G O , ILLIN O IS 60606 M A RIO N , ILLIN O IS 62919 W A SH IN G TO N , D C . 20036 A R EA 217 525-6135 A REA 312 793-2082 A REA 618 997-2374 A REA 202 659-2610 NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS
MATTHEW l. ROCKWELL PLANNING COMMISSION Executive Director
March 6, 1972 In Letter Refer to: NIPC Project 72-A-8
Leroy R. H ayden, Jr. Major, Corps of Engineers Deputy District Engineer for Civil Works 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604
Dear Major Hayden:
We have reviewed the draft environmental statement concerning the debris removal project proposed for the North Branch of the Chicago River and find it in keeping with Section 102(2) (c) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. The project should provide con siderable improvement in the appearance of the stream and in its usefulness as a recreational facility. The debris removal should also provide increased flow and some reduction in flooding.
We would like to recommend, however, that tree stumps be cut off at ground level, and that root systems be left in the ground so that the earth is not disturbed and subjected to erosion. Also, live vegetation along the banks should not be disturbed except where necessary to provide access to and removal of collected debris.
The Cook County Forest Preserve District is preparing a plan for the development of a trail system through its holdings along the North Branch. Perhaps access routes for your project could be coordinated with anticipated trail locations in order to minimize the overall disruption of the nodusl wooded areas. Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this project. Sincerely yours,
Robert G. Ducharme Deputy Director
RGD/sa
cc: Frank Chesrow, NIPC Commissioner Ted Bryzski, Cook Co. Dept, of Planning Richard Buck, Cook Co. FPD DEPARTMENT OF
S t r e e t s a n d S a n i t a t i o n JAMES J. MCDONOUGH COMMISSIONER BUREAU OF FORESTRY. PARKWAYS
AND BEAUTIFICATION R o b e r t l . z r a l e k
ICHARD J. DALEY ROOM 1101 - CITY HALL MAYOR CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 00602
March 27, 1972
Mr. Leroy R. Hayden, Jr. Major, Corps of Engineers Department of the Army Chicago District, Corps of Eng. 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 6 0 6 0 h
Dear Major Hayden:
The Bureau of Forestry, Parkways and Beautification of the City of Chicago is pleased to reply to the draft statement regarding the removal of debris and dead trees from the north branch of the Chicago River. We are in agreement with the premise of this pro ject.
It is our suggestion that the major responsibility of tree removal be handled by the Cook County Forest Preserve. Approximately 90% of the reach of the River flows through Forest Preserve land.
Equipment adaptable for this program is in operation by the Sanitary District of Greater Chicago. This includes a barge and a derrick with a capacity of lifting logs and debris up to three tons in volume.
With the demand caused by dead and diseased elm trees in the Chicago area, our budget does not permit costly programs of four to six months duration. The Bureau of Forestry, Parkways and Beautification has not budgeted for River Bank tree removal or maintenance programs, but would be happy to counsel the agencies involved.
Very truly yours,
^James J. Me Donough Commissioner
Originated by:
Matthew J. Moran Acting General Superintendent
AT:js The Board of Commlialoners MATHEW W. BIESZCZAT WILLIAM H. HARVEY CHARLES S. BONK JEROME HUPPERT CHARLES F. CHAPLIN LILLIAN PIOTROWSKI FRANK W. CHESROW RUBY RYAN WILLIAM N. ERICKSON JOHN H. STROGER, JR. ?OREST PRESERVE DISTRICT FLOYD T. FULLE JOHN P. TOUHY CHARLES J. GRUPP, JR. JOSEPH I. WOODS o f Cook County, Illin ois t GEORGE IV. DU.WE, p r e s i d e n t
GENERAL headquarters : 536 NORTH HARLEM AVENUE. RIVER FOREST. ILLINOIS 60305 COLUMBUS 1-8400/FOREST 9 9420
Arthur I«. Janura, g e n e r a l superintendent
February 29, 1972
Major Leroy R. Hayden, Jr. Department of the Army Chicago District Corps of Engineers 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604
Dear Major Hayden:
We have studied your environmental statement regarding debris removal on the North Branch of the Chicago River and wish to offer our comments.
Since we are the major land owner along the water course, we have great in terest in the stream bed improvement proposal. Our organization agrees in principle with the suggested project however, there are a number of items that we feel sufficiently important to suggest a meeting in the near future.
Listed below are some of the more important items that we suggest for dis cussion:
1. Designation of haul road locations. 2. Responsibility for selecting trees designated to be cut. 3 Possible inclusion for the removal of small sediment formed islands. 4. Appropriate time schedule and working conditions responsibility. 5. Disposal of debris and other materials. 6 Burning Program. 7. By-Pass channel clean-up. 8. Cooperative arrangements that will be necessary. 9. Approvals for work permits on F.P.D. Property.
The above items will serve as a basis for discussion and to establish communica tion which will assist in expediting the proposed project. We suggest a meeting with members of your staff at a time mutually convenient.
Sincerely yours,
Arthur L. Janura General Superintendent
ALJ:bam NATIONAL AUDUBON SOCIETY
1020 E. 20TH STREET, OWENSBORO, KENTUCKY 42101 (502) 685-1849
March 16, 1972
District Engineer U.S, Army Corps of Engineers 219 S. Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604
Re: Reply to the Draft Environmental Statement for the removal of debris for the North Branch of the Chicago River in Illinois
Dear Sir:
The National Audubon Society and the Chicago Audubon Society are pleased to reply to the draft statement of the Army Corps of Engineers regarding the removal of debris from the north branch of the Chicago River. Our Chicago chapter has conducted extensive investigation in regard to the Corps of Engineers' plan on this project and we would like to submit the following comments for consideration.
First of all, we agree that this project is necessary and it would be environmentally beneficial to clear the channel of the North Branch of the Chicago River, Illinois, of fallen trees, roots and other debris and objects which contribute to flooding, unsightly- ness and pollution of the river along the proposed 12 mile stretch.
We do, however, question the advisability of removing fallen trees, branches and root systems in the flood plain to points of 50 feet to 200 feet from the channel unless the decision to remove these trees is made jointly with the Forest Preserve District, who incidentally is the greatest landowner in the area. We feel this type of extensive clearing might be environmentally detrimental from the standpoint of destruction of habitat in these areas. There fore, ive would request that the Corps of Engineers concentrate on the removal of debris only directly adjacent to the channel and even there protect natural habitat.
The National Audubon Society and the Chicago chapter feel that it would be beneficial to build temporary sandbag dams to raise rater levels approximately three feet, thus enabling flat-bottom skiffs to float debris to places where there would be easy access to removal. This would be preferable to the introduction of heavy machinery into the area that could result in severe environmental damage. We feel it is well that no material be burned or buried on the site, but should be removed to an approved disposal area. Illinois • Indiana • Kentucky • Ohio • Tennessee AMERICANS COMMITTED TO CONSERVATION District Engineer Page Two March 16, 1972
It is our suggestion that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers coordinate its efforts with responsible groups to maintain this area when it finally is cleaned up and improved. These would be social and educational organizations, such as schools, Boy and Girl Scout groups, Campfire Girls, and service and community groups and churches. The Army Corps of Engineers could initiate a very cooperative program for the maintenance of this area and at the same time instill community pride in the area.
We also feel that these groups should be oriented to improve the basic pollution problems in the area and aided in developing community pride in restoring the river and its environment. The Army Corps of Engineers should determine the various sources of industrial pollution and be sure that other responsible federal and state agencies are made aware of pollution problems and that those responsible for pollution problems are complying with the spirit of the current water quality acts and with the 1899 Refuse Act.
Among other things, we feel that the Army Corps of Engineers should investigate the reasons for sewer overflow in the area and take steps to control this source of pollution along with investi gating alternatives to problems resulting from storm sewers.
We feel that it would be to the benefit of the environment and the river if the Corps of Engineers would take the initiative for reconstructing and improving the river by agreeing that the condition of the river at present is deplorable and working with concerned citizen's groups, the local and state government to improve these conditions.
Our Chicago chapter, whose investigation was conducted under the leadership of Marjorie B. Molyneaux, the Conservation Committee Chairman, has commented as follows: "Many neighborhoods under the title of the North Branch Coalition have, from time to time, taken steps to remove debris and to discourage potential polluters from doing so". It is our hope the opportunity will be provided to continue and aid this program in that spirit.
With the above comments in mind, it is the opinion of the National Audubon Society and our Chicago Audubon chapter that it is advisable for the Army Corps of Engineers to proceed with the removal of debris from the North Branch of the Chicago River.
Sincerely, / i
/ John L.*Transon • Central Midwrest Representative cc: To all concerned NORTH RIVER COMMISSION
4858 N. KEDZIE AVENUE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60625 TELEPHONE: 463-5420
NORTH RIVER COMMISSION ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
Debris Removal, North Branch Chicago River, 111inois Army Corps of Engineers River Cleanup Project March 20, 1972
Definition of North River Commission and area of interest:
The NRC is a mass-based community organization with approximately ninety member organizations. The NRC's geographical area of interest is bounded by Devon Avenue, Cicero Avenue, Addison Avenue, and the North Shore Channel. Therefore, that section of the North Branch, Chicago River which attracts NRC attention stretches from Cicero Avenue downstream to the North Branch/North Shore Channel junction.
This section of the river within our community is approximately two miles long, one mile of which runs through forest and park areas, and the other mile of which runs through dense residential neighborhoods.
Response to Cleanup:
The North River Commission strongly favors this cleanup of the North Branch. Through local cleanup efforts in the past we have had limited succes in removing accumulated debris however, our own local resources are not sufficient to remove all local accumulated debris, particularly dead trees and tree branches.
Response to Envi ronmental Statement;
Our primary concern relative to this cleanup project concerns protection of the Lj_ve_ trees and vegetation growing along the river banks and on the river bed area which contribute to the sightliness of the Albany Park/North Park neighborhoods.
The Army Corps of Engineers1 "Detailed Five-Point Environmental Statement" does not indicate that live trees will be removed. Our single reason for concern is based on the fact that to some extent this project appears to be defined as a flood control project; therefore, a flood control engineer might point out that live trees rooted on the river bed impede water flow. While this may indeed be the case, impedement of water flow by such live trees is of minor nature compared to the anger of residents in our residential community, particularly owners of property abutting the river, which would be aroused by the threatened or actual removal of these trees growing on the river bed. (The trees screen large apratment buildings on the south side of the river from the view of north river bank residents.)
This community's concern for the welfare of these river bed trees is increased by the probably removal of many beautiful and healthy trees by the slated Illin ois Division of Waterways 1972 revetment reconstruction project, between Central Park and Kimball Avenues. Understandably, several trees rooted on the river bed must be removed in order to allow for deteriorated wooden revetments to be replaced with sheet steel revetments. (The Division of Waterways' engineers have consented to jointly survey North River Commission Environmental Statement "2- • March 20, 1972 Debris Removal, North Branch Chicago River, Illinois Army Corps of Engineers River Cleanup Project
the trees with a local North Park Col lege'botanist in order to determine which trees are healthy and irreplaceable. The Division of Waterways also appears willing to replant any areas of the river bank which are denuded by its contruction work.)
It is our hope that the Army Corps of Engineers can coordinate its project with the Division of Waterways so that maximum benefit from both revetment reconstruction work and cleanup will be derived for the North River Community.
It is our hope, of course, that cleanup efforts on the North Branch not end with purely debris removal efforts of this nature. While the removal of debris will improve the river flow and thus reduce to some extent the abnormal algal growth, only a concentrated fight against all sources of pollution of the stream will obtain a gradual return of the natural condition of the environment. Of particular concern is the high level of coli form bacteria. (We are encouraged by the recent Illinois Pollution Control Board classification of the North Branch for primary contact quali ty.)
The North River Commission remains dedicated to the restoration of the North Branch and will continue thru its own efforts and those of the North Branch Coalition to focus attention on the need to restore natural flora and fauna to the river, (incidentally, our request to the National Council on Environmental Quality that the North Branch be made a demonstration project drew very little response from federal authorities.)
Submitted to:
District Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 219 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 6060**
Submitted by:
The North River Commission
Dr. J. William Fredrickson, President
JWF:DN:pn