Contr. Tert. Quatern. Geol. 34(1-2) 9-29 1 tab., 4 pis. Leiden, March 1997

Pliocene gastropod faunas from Kallo

(Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgium) —

Part 2. : to

R. Marquet

Antwerp, Belgium

Marquet, R. gastropod faunas from Kallo (Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgium) — Part 2. Caenogastropoda: Potamididaeto Tornidae.

— Contr. Tert. Quatern. Geol., 34(1-2): 9-29, 1 tab., 4 pis. Leiden, March 1997.

Elements of the caenogastropod fauna from Pliocene strata exposed at Kallo, province of Oost-Vlaanderen (Belgium), are described and illustrated, and their stratigraphical and geographical occurrence discussed. Ten not recorded previously from the Pliocene

Turritella Brakman, 1937, of Belgium are described, viz. Tenagodus obtusus (Schumacher, 1817) s. lat., (Haustator) vanderfeeni

Littorina (Melaraphe) gibbosa Etheridge & Bell, 1893, aff. millettii (Etheridge & Bell, 1893), (Montagu,

1803), (Turboella) curticostata Wood, 1848, intersecta (Wood, 1856), Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780),

Caecum glabrum (Montagu, 1803) and Ceratia proxima (Forbes & Hanley, 1850). (A.) simonsi and crassilabris are described as new. Another species previously unknown from the Belgian Pliocene, Alvania (A.) whitleyi (Bell, 1898), is recorded from Antwerp-Oorderen.

Key words — ,1 Caenogastropoda, Pliocene, North Sea Basin, , stratigraphy, new species.

Dr R. Marquet, Constitutiestraat50, B-2060 Antwerpen, Belgium.

Contents SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

Supcrorder Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960 Introduction p. 9 Order Haller, 1882 Systematic descriptions p. 9 Suborder Discopoda Fischer, 1886 Acknowledgements p. 20 de Ferussac, 1819 References 20 Superfamily p. Family PotamididaeH. & A. Adams, 1854

Subfamily PotamidinaeH. & A. Adams, 1854

Genus Potamides Brongniart, 1810

Subgenus Ptychopotamides Sacco, 1895

Introduction

Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus The harbour construction works at Kallo, and the (Brocchi, 1814) stratigraphy of the Pliocene deposits exposed, have PI. 1, Fig. 2 recently been described in detail by Marquet (1995). The

is two series to present paper part of a of papers devoted 1814 Murex tricinctus Brocchi, p. 446, pi. 9, fig. 23. a systematic revision of the Pliocene gastropod faunas 1835 Br. — 27. Cerithium tricinctum Nyst, p. from Kallo. the Especially amongst , a species- 1843 Cerithium funiculatum Sow. — Nyst, p. 539, pi. rich here recorded for the first family, many taxa are 42, fig. 8. time from the Pliocene. These were 1848 tricinctum ? Brocc. — 69, Belgian mostly Cerithium Wood, p. pi collected from the sediment infillof larger gastropods. 8, figs 1, 2. 10

1878 Cerithium tricinctum, Brocchi — Nyst, pi. 6, fig. Description — Medium-sized vermiform shell, with

10. tubes in part loosely coiled and in part straight, not

1881 Cerithium tricinctum, Brocchi — 79. Nyst, p. forming colonies. is rounded. A faint keel

1918 Potamides tricinctus (Ptychopotamides) (Brocchi) whorls. to this keel, occurs on the upper part of the Next

— 22-25. Harmer, p. 411, pi. 40, figs closest to the suture, perforations occur. Ornament 1946 Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus (Brocchi, consists of very irregular radial ribs.

— 43. 1814) Beets, p. Discussion — This species is extremely rare in the 1958 Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus Brocchi, Petaloconchus bed (Kattendijk Formation), the first

1814 — 6. sp. Glibert, p. specimen having been collected by Mr F. van Nieulande. 1965 Potamides tricinctus (Brocchi, 1814) — van beach and material from the the Altena In dredged Netherlands, Regteren et al., p. 17, pi. 6, fig. 59.

had been earlier 1992 Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus (Brocchi, species recognised (van Regteren

— Cavallo & 48, 60. Altena, 1966; and Keukelaar 1814) Repetto, p. fig. Marquet Collections).

1993 Potamides tricinctus (Brocchi, 1814) — Marquet, Pliocene specimens from Italy were illustrated by

90. Miocene p. Cavallo & Repetto (1992), while material of

from the Loire Basin described age (France) was as

Dimensions — Height 16 mm, width 6 mm. Tenagodus terebellus (Lamarck, 1818) and figured by

— Medium turreted shell Description large, lacking Glibert (1949). Dutch material was assigned with a recticonical whorls with umbilicus, comprising ten van Altena query to the latter species by Regteren shallow suture. The lacks a canal, but aperture siphonal (1966), the difference between the two taxa being is intact. Ornament consists of three Miocene is rarely preserved mainly one of dimensions. The species spirals on the last , crossed by radial ribs, giving smaller than its Pliocene congener. This, however, is rise to tubercles on the points of intersection of spirals considered to be insufficient for separation at the and ribs. specific level; a distinction at the subspecific level might

Discussion — At Kallo, this is rare in the The Kallo illustrated here species be more appropriate. specimen

Merksem Member, found more in the being commonly is of the same size as shells from Touraine (France), but

Austruweel Member near which Kallo and from Antwerp, probably a fragment from a complete specimen

with the benedeni level at Kallo. It corresponds Angulus dredged material dumped at Yerseke (The Netherlands) does this level of the Oorderen Member not occur at at (Keukelaar Collection) are much larger. Not until more

water nor is it of the Kallo, representing deeper deposition, material is found, is a subspecific assignment known from the Kruisschans Member. Presumably, P. North Sea Basin shells possible. tricinctus was restricted to estuarine conditions, which explains its occurrence in the Austruweel Member. This

also Ellobiidae and land nearshore deposit yields many Family TurritellidaeLoven, 1847 snails. The species has also been recorded from the Subfamily Turritellinae Loven, 1847 middle and late Pliocene of Italy and the North Sea and

Basin. subgenus TurritellaLamarck, 1799

Family Anton, 1838 (Turritella) tricarinata tricarinata

Genus Tenagodus Guettard, 1770 (Brocchi, 1814)

PI. 1, Fig. 5

obtusus lat. Tenagodus (Schumacher, 1817) s. 1814 tricarinata 21. Brocchi, p. 374, pi. 6, fig.

PI. 4 — 3, Fig. 1878 Turritella incrassata var. triplicata J. Sow.

Nyst, pi. 6, fig. 12.

1817 262. 1912 Turritella tricarinata Br. — Cerulli-Irelli, Anguinaria obtusa Schumacher, p. sp. p.

1896 Tenagodus anguineus (Schumacher, 1817) — 158, pi. 26, figs 20-25.

14-18. 1912 tricarinata Br. anom. Sacco, p. 17, pi. 2, figs Turritella sp. bicingulata

— 27. 1966 Tenagodus spec. cf. terebellus (Lamarck, 1818) Cerulli-Irelli,p. 159, pi. 26, figs 26,

2. 1912 tricarinata Br. anom. van Regteren Altena, p. 62, fig. Turritella sp. pluricingulata

— Cavallo 29. 1992 Tenagodus obtusus (Schumacher, 1817) Cerulli-Irelli, p. 159, pi. 26, figs 28,

& 48, 063 1918 Turritella tricarinata (Brocchi) — Harmer, p. 438, Repetto, p. fig.

pi. 44, figs 7-9.

— 1958 Brocchi, Dimensions Height 7 mm, width 5 mm. Turritella (Haustator) tricarinata sp. 11

1814 — 1. Glibert, p. 4, pi. 2, fig. number of very fine spirals. Some specimens have a

1965 Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata tricarinata faint keel at whorl mid-height.

Brocchi, 1814 — van Regteren Altena et al., 16, p. Discussion — At Kallo, this species is confined to the 5, fig. 52a. pi. Petaloconchus bed of the Kattendijk Formation, this

Turritella tricarinata — 1990 (Brocchi) Bernasconi, p. being the first record from Belgium. Most of the 32, pi. 1, figs 1-2. specimens known so far were collected from Dutch 1992 Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata Brocchi, 1814 — beach material (province of Zeeland). Most authors Cavallo & 64. Repetto, p. 50, fig. consider the present taxon to be but a variety of T.

incrassata. However, the specific features displayed by

Dimensions — 30 width 9 Height mm, mm. T. vanderfeeni remain constant, and intermediates with

Description — Medium large, turreted shell lacking T. incrassata are not found: it differs from the latter in umbilicus, comprising about 13 whorls. Protoconch having a relatively wider shell, an extremely shallow consists of two and a halve tumid, smooth and glossy suture and in lacking stronger primary ribs. At Antwerp- whorls, the boundary with the teleoconch being clearly Noordkasteel, typical T. incrassata is known from the delimited. The aperture is rounded quadrangular. The Ditrupa bed of the Kattendijk Formation. It thus appears whorls are rather tumid and the suture deep. On each that these species possibly co-occurred, but final proof is whorl two or three spirals occur, exceptionally with a still outstanding. The species is restricted to the early secondary rib in between. The central spiral is usually Pliocene of the North Sea Basin. developed best, but the relative strength of the spirals varies to some degree.

Discussion — This species ranges from the Kattendijk Turritella (Haustator) incrassata incrassata Formation to the Kruisschans Member, but is never J. Sowerby, 1814 common. In the former unit it occurs about 0,5 m above PI. 1, Fig. 3 the Petaloconchus bed, where it replaces T. vanderfeeni

(see below). It differs from its Kallo congeners in having 1814 Turritella incrassata Sowerby, p. Ill, pi. 51, fig. tumid whorls and in a deep suture, lacking secondary 4. ornament. The species is known from the Pliocene of the

1843 — Turritella triplicata Br. Nyst, p. 400, pi. 37, North Sea Basin and the Mediterraneanarea. figs 7, 8.

Turritella incrassata J. Sow. — 1848 Wood, p. 75, pi. 9,

fig-7.

Haustator de 1810 — Subgenus Montfort, 1878 Turritella incrassata, J. Sow. Nyst, pi. 6, fig.

12a, b.

Turritella 1878 incrassata, J. Sow. var. planispira Nyst,

pi. 6, fig. 12c. Turritella (Haustator) vanderfeeniBrakman, 1937

1878 Turritella incrassata, J. Sow. var. imbricataria PI. 1, Fig. 1 Nyst, pi. 6, fig. 12f.

1878 Turritella incrassata, J. Sow. var. bicatenata Nyst, 1937 Turritella (Haustator) vanderfeeni Brakman, p. pi. 6, fig. 12g. 62, pi. 3. 1918 Turritella (Haustator) incrassata J. Sowerby — 1946 Turritella incrassata Sowerby, 1814 cum var. 16. Harmer, p. 446, pi. 42, figs 1-3, 5-7; pi. 43, fig.

— 39 triplicata (Brocchi, 1814) Beets, pp. 38, 1918 Turritella (Haustator) triplicata (Brocchi) — (partim). 14. Harmer, p. 448, pi. 42, figs 11, 13, 1965 Turritella (Haustator) triplicata var. vanderfeeni 1918 erthensis Turritella (Haustator) Harmer, p. 451, pi.

1937 — Altena Brakman, van Regteren el al., p. 42, fig. 4. 16, pi. 5, fig. 51e. 1918 Turritella (Haustator) biplicata (Bronn) —

1984 Haustator incrassata (Sowerby, 1814) — Marquet, 18. Harmer, p. 455, pi. 43, figs 17, 340. p. 1918 Turritella (Zaria) subangulata (Brocchi) —

16. Harmer, p. 443, pi. 42, figs 15,

1918 Turritella (Haustator) vermicularis (Brocchi) —

Dimensions — Height 28 mm, width 10 mm; height 23 6. Harmer, p. 449, pi. 43, figs 2, 3, 5,

width 8 mm. mm, — 1918 Turritella (Haustator) tornata (Brocchi)

— Rather turreted shell Description large, lacking 8. Harmer, p. 455, pi. 43, fig.

about 12 whorls. Shell is umbilicus, comprising shape 1946 Turritella incrassata Sowerby, 1814 cum var.

the whorls tumid and the — 38 very regularly conical, are not triplicata (Brocchi, 1814) Beets, p. (partim).

is 1946 Turritella erthensis Harmer, 1918 — 38, suture very shallow. Ornament consists of a large Beets, p. 12

differs from L. in pi. 2, figs 23-29. (M.) suboperta (J. Sowerby, 1814)

Beets, 40, 2, 30- keel and 1946 Turritella suttonensis p. pi. figs being smaller, in having a lower , sharper

35. deeper suture. It is here recorded from the Pliocene of 1958 Turritella incrassata Sowerby, (Haustator) sp. Belgium for the first time, being extremely rare in the

1814 — Glibert, 2-4. pp. Petaloconchus bed (Kattendijk Formation). The species 1965 Turritella (Haustator) triplicata (Brocchi, 1814) (+ closely resembles L. (M.) ariesiensis (Fontannes, 1880)

— Altena var.) van Regteren et aL, p. 15, pi. 5, fig. from the Italian and French Pliocene, which, however, 51a-d (non e). to have faint spiral ribs (Sacco, 1895; Cavallo &

— appears 1979 Turritella incrassata Sowerby, 1814 Geys & 1992). Littorina (M.) gibbosa may be an 4. Repello, Marquet, p. 68, pi. 27, fig. Atlantic and North Sea Basin subspecies of the

— width 15 51 MediterraneanL. (M.) ariesiensis. Dimensions Height 53 mm, mm; height

width 15 54 width 15 mm, mm; height mm, mm.

Description — Large, turreted shell, lacking umbilicus,

tumid with comprising about 13 slightly whorls, distinct, Littorina (Melaraphe) suboperta but shallow Ornament consists of three to fairly suture. (J. Sowerby, 1814)

on each whorl in typical four strong primary spirals PI. 1, Fig. 7

specimens, with about five weak, intercalated secondary

but ribs. Rib varies, in rare extreme cases a 1814 6. development Vivipara suboperta Sowerby, p. 80, pi. 31, fig.

remains. Sow. — single primary rib 1843 Littorina suboperta Nyst, p. 388, pi. 37,

— varies Discussion The ornament of this species to a fig. 1.

1848 Littorina (?) suboperta J. Sow. — Wood, 120, large extent, which explains the plethora of specific and p.

of pi. 10, fig. 13. variety names introduced in the literature. The shape

1872 Lacuna suboperta J. Sow. — Wood, 80. the of and p. the whorls as well as presence primary

1878 Littorina suboperta, J. Sow. — Nyst, pi. 6, fig. 21. secondary ornament is considered typical of the species,

J. Sow. — 1881 Littorina suboperta, Nyst, p. 93. in the Oorderen but which is fairly common Member,

1921 Lacuna — suboperta (J. Sowerby) Harmer, p. 669, less so in the Kruisschans Member. It is a North Sea pi. 53, figs 31, 32. Basin Pliocene species, also known from the 'Redonien' 1946 Lacuna (Temanella) suboperta (Sowerby, 1813) — in France. 1-6. Beets, p. 31, pi. 2, figs

1957 Littorina (Melaraphe) suboperta Sowerby, sp.

— 20. 1813 Glibert, p. 22, pi. 1, fig.

Superfamily LittorinoideaGray, 1847 1965 Lacuna suboperta (J. Sowerby, 1813) — van

Littorinidae 1847 Altena 3, 27. Family Gray, Regteren et at., p. 11, pi. fig.

Subfamily Littorininae Gray, 1847

Littorina 1822 — Genus Ferussac, Dimensions Height 12 mm, width 9 mm.

Miihlfeld Menke, 1828 Subgenus Melaraphe in Description — Medium large, rather high-spired, near-

rectilinear shell, with shallow suture. A large callus

keel nearly covers the tiny umbilicus. An inconspicuous

Littorina (Melaraphe) gibbosa be on the near the end of may present periphery, upper

& 1893 the colour Etheridge Bell, the aperture. Most specimens preserve

below. PI. 1, Fig. 4 pattern: white on the upper half of the whorls, red

Ornament consists of growth lines only.

& — 1923 Littorina gibbosa Etheridge Bell Harmer, p. Discussion — In the Kruisschans and Merksem

664, pi. 53, fig. 24. it differs from the members this species is rare;

shell following species (see below) in having a wider

Dimensions— width 2 Height 2,5 mm, mm. whorl. has far been and relatively higher ultimate It so

— Small, solid, rather low-spired Description recorded from the North Sea Basin Pliocene and the St

turbiniformshell lacking umbilicus, with deep suture. A Erth Beds in Great Britain.

small callus occurs on the columellar side of the

With the of is aperture. exception growth lines, ornament Eula 1973 absent. The shell periphery is faintly keeled below the Genus Kadolsky,

of the upper margin aperture.

Discussion — This species, recorded previously from Eula terebellata(Nyst, 1835)

the St Erth Beds and the Red Crag (Great Britain), PI. 1, Fig. 6 13

1835 Melania terebellata 9. — Nyst, p. 24, pi. 4, fig. Description Small, elongated shell lacking umbili-

1843 Melania terebellata — 38, 12. Nyst Nyst, p. fig. cus. The protoconch consists of about two smooth

1848 Paludestrina (?) terebellata Nyst — Wood, 109, p. whorls, the adult shell comprising five to six, only pi. 12, fig. 7. slightly tumid whorls. The aperture is oval and pointed

1872 Eulimene — 65. terebellataNyst Wood, p. above and below. The inner is sharply delimited.

1878 Littorina terebellata, Nyst — Nyst, pi. 6, fig. 22. consists of faint lines, Ornament numerous very spiral 1881 Littorina — 95. terebellata, Nyst Nyst, p. which are crossed by growth lines.

1921 Eulimene terebellata — (Nyst) Harmer, p. 594, pi. Discussion — This species, which cannot be confused 50, fig. 23. with other in the Kallo faunas, from the 1946 Eulimene terebellata — 33. any ranges (Nyst, 1835) Beets, p.

Kattendijk Formation to the Kruisschans Member and is 1957 Littorinopsis (Eulimene) terebellata Nyst, sp. 1835

— 21. common; it to be restricted to the Pliocene of Glibert, p. 22, pi. 1, fig. appears

— and The Netherlands. 1965 Eulimene terebellata (Nyst, 1835) van Regteren Belgium

Altena etal., p. 12, pi. 3, fig. 31.

Dimensions — Height 12,5 width 6,5 mm. mm, Genus and

Description — Medium large, high-spired, rather subgenus Alvania Risso, 1826

narrow, near-rectilinear shell, with very shallow suture.

A small callus is present, the umbilicus is closed. The

periphery is slightly angular above the but not aperture, Alvania (Alvania) whitleyi (Bell, 1898) keeled. A colour pattern does never occur. Ornament PI. 3, Fig. 1 consists ofgrowth lines only.

Discussion — In the Kruisschans Member this is species 1898 Rissoa Bell, 153. Whitleyi p. but common, well-preserved shells are rare, the 1925 Alvania — aperture Whitleyi (Bell) Harmer, p. 606, pi. 50,

mostly being broken off. An incomplete specimen from fig. 40.

Kallo must have been at least twice the size of the

specimen here illustrated. Kadolsky (1973) changed the Dimensions — Height 4 mm, width 2 mm. preoccupied generic name Eulimene to Eula and Description — Small, elongated shell with deep suture, tentatively assigned it to the . It is here comprising 7 angular whorls. The protoconch consists of considered to be a littorinid, on account of its shell three whorls, the first being smooth and globular, the surface, which is much less smooth and glossy than that other ornamented with 7 9 fine lines. ones or very spiral which be can expected for a eulimid. This species has The boundary with the teleoconch is clearly delimited. also been recorded from The Netherlands and from the Teleoconch sculpture starting with two spiral ribs, the Red Crag and St Erth Beds in Great Britain. uppermost forming a keel. Axial sculpture starts half a

whorl later. The spire occupies slightly more than half

Superfamily Rissoidea Gray, 1847 the total shell height, the aperture accounting for slightly

than Teleoconch consists Family Rissoidae Gray, 1847 more a quarter. ornament of, at

Subfamily Rissoinae Gray, 1847 first, twelve narrow (about one third of the intercostal

Genus H. & A. Adams, 1854 area), faintly delimited, radial ribs on the ultimate whorl.

These ribs become obsolete near the adapical margin of

the aperture; they are crossed by 10 narrow (about half Cingula inusitata (Beets, 1946) the intercostal area), clearly delimited, spiral lines on the PI. 2, Fig. 1 ultimate whorl. They are most pronounced where the

radial ornament is absent, but become vaguer near the 1878 Rissoa S.Wood 38, 13. proxima , —Nyst, pi. fig. shell base. Spiral and radial ornament elements form

1881 Rissoa Alder — 96. proxima, Nyst, p. whose shortest side lies in direction. 1946 rectangles, top-base Hydrobia (Hydrobia ?) inusitata Beets, p. 35, pi. 2,

Between the spirals fine growth lines are seen. The figs 8-16. is continuous, rounded, oval, 1952 Cingula (Cingula) koeneni Glibert, p. 19, pi. 2, fig. aperture obtusely being

6. widest in the lower half. The outer lip is thickened, but

1957 1946 — there teeth. The umbilicus is Cingula inusitata Beets, sp. Glibert, p. 23. are no nearly closed, only a

1965 — Hydrobia inusitata Beets, 1946 van Regteren small cleft remaining.

Altena et 33. al., p. 12, pi. 4, fig. Discussion — In addition to the holotype from St Erth,

only a single specimen of this species is known; it was

Dimensions— width Height 3,5 mm, 1,5 mm. collected from the base of the 'Scaldisien' (probably 14

continue series of tubercles. Oorderen Member) at Antwerp (Oorderen, Kruisschans depression they as a They zeesluis). It is included here as it represents the first are clearly delimited and may be broader than or as

of broad the intercostal These radial ribs efface record from the Pliocene Belgium. as spaces.

before reaching the shell base. About 12 spiral ribs are

the ultimate Alvania (Alvania) simonsi present on whorl, becoming more n. sp.

the shell base and rather near the PI. 3, Fig. 2 pronounced near vague

adapical side of the whorls. The aperture is oval, with a

thickened outer teeth. The umbilicus is Diagnosis — A species of the subgenus Alvania lip, lacking

first second closed. (Alvania) with a smooth protoconch whorl,

Discussion — In the Oorderen Member (Pygocardia protoconch whorl with spiral lines, sub- and subsutural

level) at Kallo, this species is rare, and all specimens depressions on teleoconch whorls, 25 opisthocline radial

collected are worn and abraded. This is why an ribs and 12 spiral ribs. Antwerp

shell is here designated holotype. The species was first Dimensions— Height 1,8 mm, width 1 mm.

in the sediment fill of a dredged larger shell — KBIN/IRScNB 1ST recognised Type Holotype, no. 5891;

dumped at Yerseke; it is, however, never common. It is paratypes, 1 specimen (G.F. Simons Coll.), 1 specimen

now known from the Oorderen and Luchtbal members, (F. van Nieulande Coll.), 4 specimens (A.C. Rijken

but has not been recorded from Great Britain. Coll., dredged material from Yerseke), 1 specimen (G.F. yet

Harmer (1920, pi. 51) illustrated a number of species Simons Coll.), 1 specimen (A.C. Rijken Coll., beach from St Erth (Cornwall), which also show the material from Ritthem), 2 specimens (A.C. Rijken Coll., characteristic suprasutural depression and spiral beach material from de Kaloot-Vlissingen), 1 specimen

protoconch ornament, viz. Alvania densicostata (A.C. Rijken Coll., dredged material Westerschelde- (Etheridgc & Bell, 1898), A. partimcancellata (Wood in Hooge Platen), 5 specimens (H.J. Raad Coll., beach Kendall & Bell, 1886), A. enysii (Bell, 1898) and A. material from Breskens), 2 specimens (H.J. Raad Coll., dubiosa & Bell in Harmer, 1920. These, beach material from Nieuwe Sluis near Breskens, Etheridge

however, are consistently different from the probably from Sluisse Hompels, Scheldt River), 2 present The first similar and best specimens (H.J. Raad Coll., beach material from Zwarte species. two are very are

considered identical, using Wood's specific name. Polder near Cadzand), 1 specimen (H.J. Raad Coll., Material of this species is in the IRScNB beach material from Oostkapelle, possibly from present collections: it differs from A. simonsi in Steenbanken, Scheldt River), 20 specimens (Rijks Geol. lacking a

subsutural that the radial ribs Dienst Coll., borehole Oosterhout), 2 specimens depression (so are

continuous the instead of (author's coll., Kallo-Verrebroekdok, Oorderen Member, on adapical side, being split

two much than Atrina level and basal layer of Cultellus level), 2 into tubercles). The last species are larger

the and specimens (A. Janse Coll., Antwerp-Kanaaldok B2, present species (6 3,5 mm, respectively), having

approximately the same number of whorls; they too lack Luchtbal Member). the subsutural However, it is evident that Locus typicus — Afrikadok, Antwerp (Belgium). depression.

these 3 with the new taxon — or 4 species together Stratum typicum 'Scaldisien base', Luchtbal Member

described here consitute a of closely related (Lillo Formation), middle Pliocene. group species. Derivatio nominis — Named after Mr G.F. Simons, who collected and recognised the first specimen of this species. Alvania (Alvania) beani (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844)

Description — Small, rather elongated shell with flat- PI. 2, Fig. 6 sided whorls and deep suture, consisting of about 6

1920 — whorls. The spire occupies 3/8th of the total shell height, Alvania reticulata (Montagu) Harmer, p. 617, pi. 50, fig. 45. the aperture about a third. The protoconch comprises

1957 beani 1844 — Alvania (Turbona) Thorpe, sp. two whorls, the first of which is smooth, the second

Glibert, pp. 23, 24, pi. 1, fig. 22. having about 7 very fine spiral lines, which are as broad 1965 Alvania (Alvania) beani (Thorpe, 1844) — van the as intercostal spaces. Start of teleoconch sculpture Regteren Altena et al., p. 13, pi. 4, fig. 38. unclear, because of erosion, in all specimens. 1978 Alvania beani (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) — Fretter Teleoconch ornament consists firstly of two narrow & 149. Graham, pp. 173, 174, figs 148, depressions, one subsutural, the other suprasutural. The — 1985 Alvania (Alvania) beani (Hanley) Ponder, p. adapical one become more or less obsolete on the may 136, fig. 87a-c.

whorl. about 25 radial — ultimate Secondly, opisthocline 1988 Alvania beani (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) ribs this whorl. Above the subsutural 88. occur on Graham, p. 239, fig. 15

1992 Alvania (Alvania) beani (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) suture.

— & 072. Cavallo 52, — Repetto, p. fig. Discussion This well-known species is not rare,

ranging from the Kattendijk Formation to the Kruis-

Dimensions — 2 width 1,5 mm. Height mm, schans Member. In Great Britain, it is known from the

Description — Shell small, higher than wide, lacking illustrated Red and Coralline crags; Harmer (1918) a umbilicus. Three protoconch whorls lacking ornament well-preserved shell under the name of Rissoa pento- and about four teleoconch whorls make up the shell. The donta, a species allegedly differing by the presence of suture is shallow. The aperture is oval, pointed at the apertural teeth. However, this character also occurs in apical side. The outer apertural lip is thickened and the the present species, as Glibert's (1957) illustrations show inner lip clearly delimited. Ornament consists of about 9 well. Harmer's (1925) illustration of R. obsoleta depicts spirals on the ultimate whorl, on the upper whorl portion a worn, decorticated specimen with damaged aperture. crossed by slightly thinner radial ribs.

Discussion — In the Petaloconchus bed, this species is extremely rare. It be distinguished from the other may Rissoa (Turboella) curticostata Wood, 1848

Kallo rissoids in having spiral as well as radial ribs, PI. 2, Fig. 4 which cover the shell completely and reach nearly the same strength. Recent records of this species from range 1848 Rissoa Woodward — semicostata Wood, p. 102, the Mediterranean and the Azores off northern to pi. 11, fig. 10.

In Great it has been 1848 Rissoa curticostata 102. Norway (Graham, 1988). Britain, Wood, p.

recorded from the St Erth Beds and the Red 1925 Rissoa semicostata — Crag. (S. Woodward) Harmer, p.

634, pi. 51, fig. 16.

1965 Rissoa (Turboella) curticostata S. Wood, 1848 —

van Regteren Altena etal., 13, pi. 4, fig. 41. Genus Rissoa Freminville in Desmarest, 1814 p.

Subgenus Turboella Gray, 1847

Dimensions— Height 2 mm, width 1,5 mm.

Description — Small, rather broad shell lacking Rissoa (Turboella) obsoleta Wood, 1842 umbilicus, comprising about six whorls. Aperture is PI. 2, Fig. 2 continuous, oval, pointed above, with a thickened outer

lip. There are three smooth protoconch whorls, which 1842 obsoleta Rissoa Wood, p. 533.

are not delimited from the teleoconch. The 1848 Rissoa obsoleta S. Wood— clearly Wood, p. 105, pi. 11,

teleoconch has radial ornament which fig. 2. strong gradually after the About 13 radial ribs 1918 Rissoa — appears protoconch. occur pentodonta (S.V. Wood) Harmer, p. 637,

pi. 51, figs 34-36. on the ultimate whorl; they end at the periphery of this

1925 Rissoa obsoleta S.V. Wood — whorl. The lowest of the ultimate whorl shows Harmer, p. 859, pi. portion

6. 65, figs 5, about 8 very weak spirals, which may become obsolete.

1946 Rissoa obsoleta Wood, 1848— 36. Beets, p. Discussion — This is the first record of this species from

1957 Rissoa obsoleta Wood, 1848 — (Turboella) sp. the Pliocene of Belgium, having been previously 3. Glibert, p. 24, pi. 1, figs 2, recorded from Dutch beach material and from the

1965 Rissoa (Turboella) obsoleta S.V. Wood, 1848 — Pleistocene at Bramerton (Great Britain). It is rare in the Altena 40. van Regteren et al., p. 13, pi. 4, fig. Atrina level (Oorderen Member); it differs from the

other Kallo rissoid species by having strong radial ribs

on the upper portion of the whorls only. Harmer's (1923,

— Dimensions Height 3 mm, width 1,5 mm. pi. 51, fig. 17) specimen from the Red Crag at Butley Description — Small, rather broad shell lacking has much stronger radial ribs and is probably not umbilicus, comprising about six whorls, with proto- conspecific. teleoconch boundary not well marked, and a shallow

The suture. aperture is rounded, slightly pointed above, with very thick outer lip and clearly delimited inner lip.

teeth be the inside of the Genus Obtusella Cossmann, 1921 Poorly developed may seen on outer lip in some specimens. Ornament is lacking in unworn specimens; at times, the outer shell peels off, and to (Wood, 1856) up four faint radial ribs may be seen on the basal

of the shell. Such also have PI. 2, 3 part specimens a deeper Fig. 16

— entire which 1856 Rissoa soluta Philippi Wood, p. 318, pi. 31, fig. fine spirals covering the shell, are

18 (?). intersected by even finerradial striae.

318. — 1856 Rissoa intersecta Wood, p. Discussion Being rather rare in the Atrina level

1914 intersecta Wood — Cerulli- Rissoa (Cingulina) (Oorderen Member), this species is here recorded for the Irelli, 197, pi. 15, figs 63-66. p. first time from the Belgian Pliocene. A single specimen

— 1923 Cingula soluta (Philippi) Harmer, p. 863, pi. 65, has been recorded from the St Erth Beds, and although fig. 12. the Kallo shells closely resemble Harmer's (1925)

1985 intersecta —- Obtusella (Wood) Ponder, p. 167, fig. illustration, they differ from the English specimen in 118a-e. having faint radial striae. It also resembles the Recent 1988 Obtusella intersecta (Wood, 1848) — Graham, p. Mediterranean O. gianninii (Nordsieck, 1974), as 260, fig. 102. & — illustrated Bouchet Waren (1993, figs 1518-1521), 1992 Obtusella cf. intersecta (Wood S.W., 1857) by

& 081. whose micro-ornament that of the Kallo Cavallo Repetto, p. 54, fig. approaches

1993 Obtusella intersecta (S.V. Wood, 1857) — shells, but heavier primary ribs are developed and the

Bouchet & Waren, p. 693, figs 1626, 1627,1633. whorls are clearly more tumid.

— width Dimensions Height 1 mm, 1 mm.

— Minute, shell with small Description globose very Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803)

four five tumid whorls. The umbilicus, comprising to PI. 3, Fig. 5 rounded the aperture is or squarish, outer lip not

delimited. thickened and the inner not 1848 striata Mont. — 101, 11, lip clearly Rissoa Wood, p. pi.

consists of fine radial Ornament numerous extremely fig. 1.

and spiral lines, with the latter becoming more 1923 Rissoa striata (J. Adams) — Harmer, p. 641, pi.

prominent around the umbilicus. 51, fig. 42.

1965 Cingula (Cingula) semicostata semicostata (Mon- Discussion — This species is not rare in the Atrina level

tagu, 1803) — van Altena et al., p. 12, pi. (Oorderen Member), having been collected especially Regteren 4, fig. 35b. from sediment fill of larger gastropod shells (e.g. 1978 Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803) — Fretter & Scaphella ); this is the first record for the Belgian 140. Graham, pp. 163, 164, figs 139, Pliocene. From The Netherlands no Pliocene records are 1988 Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803) — Graham, known, and from the Coralline Crag and St Erth beds but 100. p. 256, fig. few. The Coralline Crag specimens have a more

elongated shell; Harmer's (1923) material corresponds

Dimensions— Height 1,5 mm, width 1 mm. shells. This has also more closely with the Kallo species

Description — Minute, elongated, slender shell with been recorded from the Italian Pliocene, and at present, deep suture but lacking umbilicus, comprising five to from 20-800 from to it occurs in depths m, Spain seven tumid whorls. Protoconch mostly eroded, but Norway (Graham, 1988; Bouchet & Waren, 1993). of preserved part showing microsculpture irregular spiral

the striae. The aperture is oval, continuous, outer lip not

thickened. Ornament consists of about 18 distinct spirals Genus Onoba H. & A. Adams, 1854 which intersected radial on the ultimate whorl, are by

of each whorl. costae on the adapical portion

Microsculpture of spiral striae and pits present. Onoba aff. millettii (Etheridge & Bell, 1893) Discussion — Being new for the Belgian Pliocene as PI. 2, Fig. 5 in the Formation 2 well, this species is rare Kattendijk (c.

m below the Oorderen Member basal crag) and in the

& — 1925 Ceratia Millettii(Etheridge Bell) Harmer, p. and Atrina level (Kruisschans Member, F. van Nieulande 864, pi. 65, fig. 13. H. Keukelaar Collections). Previous records include

Dutch beach material and specimens from the Coralline

and St Erth Beds. The species is nowadays found — Crag Dimensions Height 3 mm, width 1,5 mm.

on shores from the Mediterraneanto off southern — rocky Description Small, elongated shell, comprising about

six rather tumid whorls and a rather deep suture and Norway.

is less blunt. lacking an umbilicus. The more or

The is continuous and the aperture outer lip not

thickened. Ornament consists of a large number of very Genus Peringiella Ponder, 1985 17

Peringiella crassilabris n. sp. Family Iredale, 1915

PI. 3, Fig. 3 Genus Skeneopsis Iredale, 1915

Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780)

Diagnosis — A species of Peringiella with a rather stout PI. 3, Fig. 6 shell and thick varix the very on outer apertural lip.

Dimensions— 2 mm, width 0,5 mm. Helix 394. Height 1780 planorbis Fabricius, p.

— Type Holotype, KBIN/IRScNB no. 1ST 5893. 1978 Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780) — Fretter

Locus — of & 189. typicus Kallo-Verrebroekdok, municipality Graham, pp. 225, 226, figs 188,

Beveren, province of Oost-Vlaanderen, co-ordinates 1983 Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780) — van

58. 140,850/216,700. Aartsen etal., p. 16, fig.

1988 Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, — Graham, Stratum typicum — Oorderen Member (Lillo 1780) 278, fig. 112. Formation), middle Pliocene, Cultellus level (base with p.

Pygocardia).

— width Dimensions Height 1,5 mm, 0,8 mm. Derivatio nominis — in allusion to the strongly Description — Minute, depressed turbiniform shell, thickened outer apertural lip. about four whorls, with wide comprising deep, open Generic attribution — Ponder (1985) presented a umbilicus. Whorls are swollen, and the suture deep. The detailed description of the genus Peringiella and aperture is continuous and nearly circular. Ornament is illustrated its type species, P. denticulata Ponder, 1985. absent, with the exception of growth lines. The Kallo species is assigned here on account of its Discussion — Amongst the Kallo gastropod species, the smooth proto- and teleoconch, paucispiral protoconch, is only taxon to resemble the present species closely apertural shape and the presence of a varix. It differs Dikoleps pusilla (Jeffreys, 1847), which, however, has a from congeners in being less elongate. The subgenus much smaller umbilicus. The the first present record, Ovirissoa which in Hedley, 1916, occurs Australia, New from the Belgian Pliocene, is based on a single specimen Zealand and Antarctica, is very similar, but has a larger from the Oorderen Member by Mrs Y. Butaye. In Recent than the protoconch (IV2 whorls) present species. faunas, it is widely distributed occurring from the Description — Minute, rather broad, more or less Mediterranean and the Azores to the Arctic, and from five whorls globular shell, comprising separated by a Canada to Florida. deep suture. The protoconch is smooth and consists of

half a whorl, the boundary with the teleoconch being Family Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884 The is sharp. aperture continuous, more or less oval, Subfamily Adeorbinae Monterosato, 1884 rounded abapically and pointed adapically, with a Genus Circulus Jeffreys, 1865 straight adapical margin. The outer lip is straight and

possesses a strongly thickened varix over a considerable Circulus supranitidus (Wood, 1842) distance. On the earliest teleoconch whorls widely PI. 4, Fig. 1 fine made separated, very spirals can just be out; on

youngerwhorls only growth lines are seen. 1842 Adeorbis 530. supra-nitidus Wood, p.

Discussion — Amongst the Kallo rissoids, Obtusella

S. Wood — 1848 Adeorbis supra-nitidus Wood, p. 137, intersecta is the only one which superficially resembles pi. 15, fig. 5.

the but this has a less present species, globular, more 1923 Adeorbis S.V. Wood — supranitidus Harmer, p.

with thickened elongated shape, a strongly outer 757, pi. 60, fig. 22.

crassilabris is in 1957 — apertural lip. Peringiella extremely rare Circulus supranitidus Wood, sp. 1842 Glibert,

19. the Cultellus level (Oorderen Member). So far, only four p. 21, pi. 1, fig.

Recent species of the genus from the Mediterranean

viz. P. denticulata P. — were known, Ponder, 1985, elegans Dimensions Height 1 mm, width 2,5 mm.

(Locard, 1892), P. epidaurica (Brusina, 1886) and P. Description — Small, planorboid, strongly depressed

eburnea and from (Monterosato, 1878), a single species shell with very large umbilicus. Ornament consists of a

the balteata Canaries, P. (Manzoni, 1868) (see single strong keel slightly below the periphery and three

Sabelli Nordsieck, 1968; et al., 1990). These species all to four weaker spirals inside the umbilicus. There is no

differ from the in much above the keel. present taxon having a more ornament

while the if all — This is slender, elongated shell, varix, at present, Discussion species extremely rare, only a

never reaches the same dimensions as that in P. single specimen having been collected from the Atrina

crassilabris. level. It closely resembles the Miocene C. praecedens 18

(von Koenen, 1872), and particularly its var. gliberti 1965 mammillatum S.V. Wood, 1842 — van

Altena etal., 17, pi. 6, fig. 56. Janssen, 1967, which lacks one of the keels typical of Regteren p.

that species. The present species is confined to the North

— 2 diameter Dimensions Length mm, 0,5 mm. Sea Basin Pliocene, but there are still no Dutch records.

Description — Small, curved tubiform shell, at one Harmer's (1923) record for modern faunas has not been open

end. At the posterior end closed by a calcareous plate, substantiated in subsequent literature.

from which a point projects internally in intact

specimens. Ornament is absent, with the exception of a Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836)

few faint rings near the anterior end. A keel occurs on PI. 4, Fig. 2

part of the calcareous plate.

Discussion — The Kallo not striata 3. specimens are really typical 1836 Valvata Philippi, p. 147, pi. 9, fig.

1848 Adeorbis striatus S. Wood— of of the three described from the Wood, p. 137, pi. 15, any species previously

fig. 7. North Sea Basin Pliocene. They generally lack the

1923 Circulus striatus — their (Philippi) Harmer, p. 759, pi. pointed projection of typical C. mammillatum, and

60, fig. 25. calcareous plates more closely resemble those of C.

1957 Circulus striatus Philippi, 1836 — Glibert, sp. p. imperforatum (Kanmacher, 1798), but this species has 21, pi. 1, fig. 18. rings on most of the shell, which the Kallo shells have

Circulus — 1965 striatus (Philippi, 1836) van Regteren not. Specimens of C. mammillatum from the Coralline Altena etal., p. 11, pi. 3, fig. 25. Crag at Sutton Park Pit, however, also occasionally lack 1978 Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836) — Fretter & this projection. In the form of the calcareous plate and in Graham, pp. 227, 228, fig. 190. the of indistinct ribs, the Kallo material 1988 Circulus striatus — presence (Philippi, 1836) Graham, p. certain resemblance to C. armoricum de 286, fig. 115. displays a Folin,

— but it lacks the micro-ornament of 1992 Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836) Cavallo & 1869, longitudinal

087. that illustrated Hoeksema & Repetto, p. 54, fig. species, as by Segers

(1993). Scanning electron micrographs of the Kallo

Dimensions — 1 width 2 mm. material showed in Height mm, a pitting pattern; larger pits part may

— and Description Small, extremely depressed, nearly explain the lack of obvious rings on the shell, are

with raised above planorboid shell, apex only slightly undoubtedly the result of boring. Smaller pits occur as

the ultimate and umbilicus. the shell it could be whorl, a very large well, and penetrate matter; not

Ornament consists of spiral ribs on the basal as well as determined whether these were trace or not. At

the adapical side of the ultimate whorl. The ribs near the Kallo, C. mammillatumis rather rare in theyAtrina level.

suture are weaker than the lower ones, but a genuine

keel never develops. Caecum glabrum (Montagu, 1803)

Discussion — This species is easily distinguished from PI. 4, Fig. 4 its co-occurring congener by having ribs above the

periphery. It is extremely rare in the Petaloconchus bed. 1803 197. Dentalium glabrum Montagu, p. In Recent faunas, it is known from the Mediterraneanto Caecum Mont. — 1848 glabrum Wood, p. 117, pi. 20, the coasts of Ireland & Graham, (Fretter 1978). fig. 6.

Caecum Mont. — 1912 glabrum sp. Cerulli-Irelli, p.

168, pi. 25, figs 28, 29. Family Gray, 1850

1923 Caecum — glabrum (Montagu) Harmer, p. 848, pi. Subfamily Caecinae Gray, 1850 64, fig. 33. Genus Caecum Fleming, 1813 1965 Caecum glabrum (Montagu, 1803) — van

Altena et 6, 57. Regteren al., p. 17, pi. fig.

Caecum mammillatum Wood, 1842 1978 Caecum glabrum (Montagu, 1803) — Fretter &

195. PI. 4, Fig. 3 Graham, pp. 234, 235, fig.

1988 Caecum — glabrum (Montagu, 1803) Graham, p.

117. 1842 Caecum mammillatum 459. 290, fig. Wood, p.

1848 Caecum mammillatum S. Wood — Wood, p. 116,

— 1 Dimensions Length mm, diameter0,2 mm. pi. 20, fig. 4.

— Wood — Minute, curved, smooth, tubiform shell, 1923 Caecum mammillatum S.V. Harmer, p. Description

31. the anteriorend. The end is closed 847, pi. 64, fig. open at posterior by a

1958 Caecum mammillatumWood, sp. 1842 — Gilbert, rounded calcareous plate.

6. 5, — pp. Discussion This form differs from its congener in 19

being smaller and having a rounded calcareous plate. It Atrina level (Oorderen Member). In Recent faunas it is

has previously been recorded from Great Britain and known from Scandinavia to the Medi-terranean

Dutch beach material; the present record is the first from (Graham, 1988).

the Belgian Pliocene. The species is extremely rare in the

SPECIES K Kb KP 0O Ob Oat OC Oan Kr M

Potamides (Ptychopotamides)(Ptychopotamides) tricinctus X

BittiumBittium rubanocinctumrubanocinctum

BittiumBittium robustum

Tenagodus obtusus XX

Turritella (T.) tricarinata tricarinata XXXX X X Xx

Turritella (Haustator) vanderfeeni XX

Turritella (Haustator) incrassata incrassata X XX X X X

Littorina (Melaraphe)(Melaraphe) gibbosa XX

Littorina (Melaraphe)(Melaraphe) suboperta X X

Eula terebellata X

Cingula inusitata XX XXXX X X X

Alvania (Alvania) simonsi X X

Alvania (Alvania) beani XX XX

Rissoa (Turboella)(Turboella) obsoleta XX XXX X XX

Rissoa (Turboella)(Turboella) curticostata XX

Obtusella intersecta X X

Onoba aff. millettii XX

Onoba semicostatasemicostata X

Peringiella crassilabris X

Skeneopsis planorbis X

Circulus supranitidus X

Circulus striatus XX

Caecum mammillatum X

Caecum glabrum X

Ceratia Ceratia proxima X XXX X

Tornus belgicus XXXX X X X

Table 1. Stratigraphical distribution of caenogastropod species from the Belgian Pliocene (Kallo sections) known to date (see also

Marquet, 1995).

Abbreviations: K - Kattendijk Formation (unspecified); Kb - Kattendijk Formation base; KP - Kattendijk Formation,

Petaloconchus bed; O - Oorderen Member (unspecified); Ob - Oorderen Member base; OAt - Oorderen Member, Atrina

bed; OC - Oorderen Member, Cultellus bed; OAn - Oorderen Member, Angulus benedenibed; Kr - Kruisschans Member;

M - Merksem Member.

1850 Rissoa & Family Thiele, 1928 proxima Forbes Hanley, p. 127, pi. 75,

Genus Ceratia H. & A. Adams, 1854 figs 7, 8.

1872 Rissoa Forbes & — proxima Hanley Wood, p. 71,

pi. 4, fig. 17. & Ceratia proxima (Forbes Hanley, 1850) 1914 Rissoa Alder — (Ceratia) proxima Cerulli-Irelli, p.

PI. 4, Fig. 5 196, pi. 15, figs 58-62. 20

— lines which become 1923 Ceratia proxima (Forbes & Hanley) Harmer, p. consists of growth only, may very

644, pi. 51, fig. 41. prominent on the shell base.

& — Fretter & 1978 Ceratia — proxima (Forbes Hanley) Discussion This species is common in the Oorderen

Graham, 166, 167, figs 141, 142. pp. and Kruisschans members; it has previously been

1984 Ceratia proxima (Forbes & Hanley, 1850) — recorded from the Pliocene of Belgium and The 7. Janssen, p. 135, pi. 46, fig. Netherlands.

1988 Ceratia proxima (Forbes & Hanley, 1850) —

Graham, 208, 79. p. fig.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dimensions — Height 3 mm, width 1 mm.

Description — Minute, slender shell with tumid whorls Several people, amongst whom Mrs Y. Butaye, Messrs and deep suture, lacking an umbilicus. The spire K. Hoedemakers, E. Huysmans and A. Ratinckx, accounts for less than half of the shell height, the apex is assisted field work. members of the rounded small than half me during Many blunt. The aperture is oval, (less and the 'Belgische Vereniging voor Paleontologie' the last whorl) and continuous, without thickened outer

'Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie' lip. Ornament consists of numerous fine spiral ribs.

collected material at Kallo and made it available for Discussion — This is the first record of this species from study. 1 wish to thank in particular Mrs I. Butaye, Dr P. ‘Rissoathe Belgian Pliocene; Nyst's (1881) record of Gigase and Messrs A. Janse, H. Keukelaar, K. Peeters, proxima’ in reality refers to Cingula inusitata. The Willems. Material D. Lauwers, F. van Nieulandeand G. species is extremely rare in thePetaloconchus,Atrina collected by Mr A.W. Janssen, housed in the collections and Cultellus levels. It might be confused with Onoba of the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum (Leiden, The semicostata, but it differs from that species in having a Hoeksema Netherlands) was also studied. Messrs D.F. blunt apex and in lacking radial ribs. It has previously and G.F. Simons provided valuable information been recorded from the North Sea Basin Miocene, from regarding Alvania simonsi. Mr M. Wagenaar prepared the Coralline Crag and Pleistocene of Great Britain and all photographs, while photomicrographs were taken by it is the Pliocene of Italy. In Recent faunas, a southerly Mr L. Cilis (Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor the Mediter- sublittoral element, which ranges from Wetenschappen, Brussels), and developed by Mr W. ranean to Great Britain.

Miseur. Drs A.V. Dhondt and K. Wouters allowed me to

use the research facilities of that institute, for which I am

grateful. Family Tornidae Sacco, 1894

Genus Turton & Kingston, 1830

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de la Loire. Premiere — Memoires de 'Institut und Mittelmeer. Fischer 273 partie. 1 Stuttgart (Gustav Verlag), pp.,

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pis. Nyst, P.H., 1835. Recherches sur les coquilles fossiles de la

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Belgique. 2. Gastropodes. — Memoires de 1'Institut royal Nyst, P.FL, 1843. Description des coquilles et des polypiers

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du Merxemien de la Belgique. Premiere note. — Bulletin 47 pis.

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1 suo 1. Berlin xiv 267 34(15): 1-36, pi. observavit, (S. Schroppi), + pp.

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PLATE 1

Fig. 1. Turritella (Haustator) vanderfeeni Brakman, 1937, Kallo (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk Formation (Petaloconchus bed), x 1,9 (a)

Collection. and x 2,3 (b). Marquet

Fig. 2. Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus (Brocchi, 1814), Kallo (zeesluis), Lillo Formation (Merksem Member), x 3,6.

Marquet Collection.

Fig. 3. Turritella (Haustator) incrassata incrassata J. Sowerby, 1814, Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member,

Atrina level), x 1 (a, c) and x 1,1 (b). Marquet Collection.

Fig. 4. Littorina (Melaraphe) gibbosa Etheridge & Bell, 1893, Kallo (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk Formation (Petaloconchus bed), x

31,6. KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5884.

Fig. 5. Turritella (T.) tricarinata tricarinata (Brocchi, 1814), Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, Cultellus

level), x 2,9 (a), MarquetCollection; x 50 (b) and x 80 (c), KBIN collections,no. IRScNB IST 6239. b,c SEM photographs.

Fig. 6. Eula terebellata(Nyst, 1835), Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Kruisschans Member), x 5,2. Marquet Collection.

Fig. 7. Littorina (Melaraphe) suboperta (J. Sowerby, 1814), Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Kruisschans Member), x 4,6.

Marquet Collection. 23\1

PLATE 1 24

PLATE 2

and Fig. 1. Cingula inusitata (Beets, 1946), Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, Cultellus level), x 23 (a, b)

5885. x 180 (c). KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST (SEM)

Atrina 26. Fig. 2. Rissoa (Turboella) obsoleta Wood, 1842, Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), x

KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5886. (SEM)

Atrina KBIN Fig. 3. Obtusella intersecta (Wood, 1856), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), x 50.

collections, no.IRScNB IST 5889. (SEM)

Atrina 21. Fig. 4. Rissoa (Turboella) curticostata Wood, 1848,Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), x

KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5887. (SEM)

Atrina Fig. 5. Onoba aff. millettii(Etheridge & Bell, 1893), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), x 20 (a,

b) and x 180 (c). KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5878. (SEM)

Fig. 6. Alvania (A.) beani (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk Formation (Petaloconchus bed), x 40. KBIN

collections, no. IRScNB IST 5889. (SEM) 25\2

PLATE 2 26

PLATE 3

‘Scaldisien’, Fig. 1. Alvania (A.) whitleyi (Bell, 1898), Antwerp (Kruisschans zeesluis, Oorderen), Lillo Formation (base probably

50 and x 120 KBIN no. IRScNB IST 5890. Oorderen Member), x 15 (a, d), x (b) (c). collections, (SEM)

Alvania simonsi Lillo Formation base’, Luchtbal x 60 (a), x Fig. 2. (A.) n. sp., Antwerp (Afrikadok), (‘Scaldisien probably Member),

collections, no. IRScNB IST 5891 28 (b, c) and x 120 (d). KBIN (holotype). (SEM)

Cultellus x 33 90 Fig. 3. Peringiella crassilabris n. sp., Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), (a, d), x

(b) and x 88 (c). KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5893 (holotype). (SEM)

Kallo Formation Petaloconchus bed), x 8,8. Van Fig. 4. Tenagodus obtusus (Schumacher, 1817) s. lat., (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk (

Nieulande Collection.

m below base Member), x 34. Fig. 5. Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk Formation (2 Oorderen

KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5892. (SEM)

Kallo Atrina level), x 34. Fig. 6. Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780), (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member,

IRScNB IST KBIN collections, no. 5894. (SEM) 27\3

PLATE 3 28

PLATE 4

20. Fig. 1. Circulus supranitidus (Wood, 1842), Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member,Atrina level), x KBIN

collections, no. IRScNB IST 5895. (SEM)

Fig. 2. Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Kattendijk Formation (Petaloconchus bed), x 9. KBIN collections, no.

IRScNB IST 5896. (SEM)

Fig. 3. Caecum mammillatumWood, 1842, Kallo (Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, Atrina level), x 20 (a) and x

70 (b, c). KBIN collections,no. IRScNB IST 5897. (SEM)

140 Fig. 4. Caecum glabrum (Montagu, 1803), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member,Atrina level), x 50 (a) and x

(b). KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 5898. (SEM)

27. Fig. 5. Ceratia proxima (Forbes & Hanley, 1850), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, Cultellus level), x

KBIN collections, no. IRScNB IST 6237. (SEM)

Atrina 40. KBIN Fig. 6. Tornus belgicus (Glibert, 1949), Kallo (Vrasenedok), Lillo Formation (Oorderen Member, level), x

collections, no. IRScNB IST 6238. (SEM) 29\4

PLATE 4