Arbutus Menziesii PNW Native Plant

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Arbutus Menziesii PNW Native Plant Madrone or Madrona Leaves are alternate, oval, dark shiny green on top and white green below, thick and leathery. Flowers are urn like and fragrant, 6-7mm long in large drooping clusters. Famous for its young smooth chartreuse bark that peels away after turning brownish-red. ©T. Neuffer Arbutus menziesii PNW Native Plant Small to medium broadleaf evergreen tree with heavy branches, Restoration and Landscape Uses: This beautiful tree is known for its chartreuse and smooth young bark that peels away turning brownish- red. It has beautiful orange-red berries in the fall with white flowers in the spring. These trees can be found along the western shore from San Diego to the Georgia Strait. Ecology: Dry rocky Cultural Uses: sites, rock bluffs and Mostly known for a few medicinal uses. Some tribes in California have been known to eat the berries but they do not taste good. canyons, low to mid They are a valuable food source for robins, varied thrushes and elevation found band-tailed pigeons. In Latin Arbutus means “strawberry tree” with Douglas fir and which refers to the bright red berries in the fall. Garry Oak. Madrone or Madrona Leaves are alternate, oval, dark shiny green on top and white green below, thick and leathery. Flowers are urn like and fragrant, 6-7mm long in large drooping clusters. Famous for its young smooth chartreuse bark that peels away after turning brownish-red. ©T. Neuffer Arbutus menziesii PNW Native Plant Small to medium broadleaf evergreen tree with heavy branches, Restoration and Landscape Uses: This beautiful tree is known for its chartreuse and smooth young bark that peels away turning brownish- red. It has beautiful orange-red berries in the fall with white flowers in the spring. These trees can be found along the western shore from San Diego to the Georgia Strait. Ecology: Dry rocky Cultural Uses: sites, rock bluffs and Mostly known for a few medicinal uses. Some tribes in California have been known to eat the berries but they do not taste good. canyons, low to mid They are a valuable food source for robins, varied thrushes and elevation found band-tailed pigeons. In Latin Arbutus means “strawberry tree” with Douglas fir and which refers to the bright red berries in the fall. Garry Oak. .
Recommended publications
  • Vortex Tube Rehabilitation Project
    VORTEX TUBE REHABILITATION PROJECT Administrative Office DRAFT INITIAL STUDY AND MITIGATED NEGATIVE 404 Aviation Blvd Santa Rosa, CA 95403 DECLARATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Office Hours 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM Monday – Friday Front Desk 707-536-5370 Lead Agency: Sonoma County Water Agency 404 Aviation Boulevard Santa Rosa, CA 95403 Contact: David Cook, Senior Environmental Specialist [email protected] (707) 547-1944 Posting and Review Period: August 28, 2020 to September 28, 2020 American Disabilities Act Compliance This Initial Study and Proposed Mitigated Negative Declaration of Environmental Impact for the Vortex Tube Rehabilitation Project was prepared in compliance with requirements under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The ADA mandates that reasonable accommodations be made to reduce "discrimination on the basis of disability." As such, the Sonoma County Water Agency is committed to ensuring that documents we make publicly available online are accessible to potential users with disabilities, particularly blind or visually impaired users who make use of screen reading technology. This disclaimer is provided to advise that portions of the document, including the figures, charts, and graphics included in the document, are non-convertible material, and could not reasonably be adjusted to be fully compliant with ADA regulations. For assistance with this data or information, please contact the Sonoma County Water Agency’s Community & Government Affairs Division, at [email protected] or 707-547- 1900. i Table of Contents
    [Show full text]
  • California Native Plants That Attract Birds Plant These Natives to Attract Birds to Your Garden
    California Native Plants that Attract Birds Plant these natives to attract birds to your garden Genus/Species Part Used When Specific Birds Acacia Greggii Seeds Summer Mourning Dove Atriplex species Leaves/Seeds Sum/Fall Finches, Quail, Sparrows, Towhees Abies concolor Leaves All-year Blue Grouse, Red Crossbill, Clark's Nutcracker Pygmy Nuthatch Acer macrophyllum Seeds/Buds/Flowers Spr/Sum/Fall Evening Grosbeak, many others Acer negundo Same as macrophyllum in all categories Achillea borealis. Seeds Summer Goldfinches Adenostoma fasciculatum Seeds Summer Goldfinches Alnus rhombifolia Nesting Spring Warblers Seeds Summer Pine Siskin, Goldfinches Buds Spring Cedar Waxwings Alnus rubra Same as rhombifolia all categories Amelanchier alnifolia Fruits Summer Many Species Antirrhinum multiflorum Flowers/Seeds Spring/Sum Hummingbirds & seed eaters Aquilegia species Flowers Spring/Sum Hummingbirds Arbutus menziesii Fruit Fall Band-tailed Pigeon, Varied Thrush, Long Tailed Chat Arctostaphylos species Fruit Sum/Fall Jays, Grosbeaks, Mockingbirds, Fox Sparrow Flowers Late Win/Early Sp. Hummingbirds Artemisia species Leaves All-Year Sage Grouse, Quail Flowers /Seeds Spr/Sum /Fall Towhee Asclepias species Stems, nests Spring Orioles Aster species Seeds Fall Finches, Sparrows Baccharis species Seeds Sum/Fall Finches, Sparrows Beloperon californica Flowers Spr/Sum Hummingbirds, Finches, Sparrows Ceanothus species Seeds Sum/Fall Quail Cephalanthus occidentalis Seeds Sum/Fall Ducks Cercis occidentalis Seeds/Flowers Spr/Fall Hummingbirds, Gold Finches Cercocarpus
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Descriptions NORTH COAST and MONTANE ECOLOGICAL PROVINCE
    Vegetation Descriptions NORTH COAST AND MONTANE ECOLOGICAL PROVINCE CALVEG ZONE 1 December 11, 2008 Note: There are three Sections in this zone: Northern California Coast (“Coast”), Northern California Coast Ranges (“Ranges”) and Klamath Mountains (“Mountains”), each with several to many subsections CONIFER FOREST / WOODLAND DF PACIFIC DOUGLAS-FIR ALLIANCE Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is the dominant overstory conifer over a large area in the Mountains, Coast, and Ranges Sections. This alliance has been mapped at various densities in most subsections of this zone at elevations usually below 5600 feet (1708 m). Sugar Pine (Pinus lambertiana) is a common conifer associate in some areas. Tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus var. densiflorus) is the most common hardwood associate on mesic sites towards the west. Along western edges of the Mountains Section, a scattered overstory of Douglas-fir often exists over a continuous Tanoak understory with occasional Madrones (Arbutus menziesii). When Douglas-fir develops a closed-crown overstory, Tanoak may occur in its shrub form (Lithocarpus densiflorus var. echinoides). Canyon Live Oak (Quercus chrysolepis) becomes an important hardwood associate on steeper or drier slopes and those underlain by shallow soils. Black Oak (Q. kelloggii) may often associate with this conifer but usually is not abundant. In addition, any of the following tree species may be sparsely present in Douglas-fir stands: Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Ponderosa Pine (Ps ponderosa), Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), White Fir (Abies concolor), Oregon White Oak (Q garryana), Bigleaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum), California Bay (Umbellifera californica), and Tree Chinquapin (Chrysolepis chrysophylla). The shrub understory may also be quite diverse, including Huckleberry Oak (Q.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbutus (Arbutus Menziesii)
    Arbutus (Arbutus menziesii) RANGE The Arbutus (known as madrone in the U.S.) is one of the most unique trees of Canada’s west coast. It is found from Mexico to southern Vancouver Island. In British Columbia it is found within about 8 kilometres of the shorelines of the Straits of Juan de Fuca and Georgia. It is usually found on exposed rocky bluffs overlooking the ocean, but the tree will grow well on deeper soils as well. Arbutus have been found as far north as Quadra Island and Discovery Passage and on the west coast of Vancouver Island at the head of Nootka Sound. HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY The Arbutus needs little in the way of tender loving care. The tree is found on very dry, excessively drained sites, such as exposed rock and rocky soils. It loves the sun and has adapted to survive the prolonged summer dry spells of southern Vancouver Island. The arbutus is a very useful for erosion control on disturbed sites. Rufous Hummingbirds and bees are both attracted to the flowers. The berries are food for waxwings, robins, thrushes, band-tailed pigeons, and woodpeckers. Secondary cavity nesters such as tree swallows use the natural cavities created by broken branches for nest sites. Arbutus may be associated with other species such as Garry Oak, Douglas-fir, oceanspray, salal or Oregon-grape. The rare mushroom, Tubaria punicea (Christmas naucoria) only grow from the hollowed and rotting centres of ancient arbutus trees. These dark red mushrooms of late fall and early winter have been found on arbutus trees in Metchosin.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Classification for San Juan Island National Historical Park
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science San Juan Island National Historical Park Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR—2012/603 ON THE COVER Red fescue (Festuca rubra) grassland association at American Camp, San Juan Island National Historical Park. Photograph by: Joe Rocchio San Juan Island National Historical Park Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR—2012/603 F. Joseph Rocchio and Rex C. Crawford Natural Heritage Program Washington Department of Natural Resources 1111 Washington Street SE Olympia, Washington 98504-7014 Catharine Copass National Park Service North Coast and Cascades Network Olympic National Park 600 E. Park Ave. Port Angeles, Washington 98362 . December 2012 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 BIODIVERSITY REPORT City of Los Angeles
    2018 BIODIVERSITY REPORT City of Los Angeles Appendix A Prepared by: Isaac Brown Ecology Studio and LA Sanitation & Environment Appendix A Ecological Subsections Description Appendix A1 p1 Appendix A1 p2 Appendix A1 p3 Appendix A1 p4 Appendix A1 p5 Appendix A1 p6 Appendix A1 p7 Appendix A1 p8 Appendix A1 p9 Appendix A2 Sensitive Biological Resources C. Biological Resources Planning Exhibit C-1 Consultants Habitat-Oriented Biological Research Assessment Planning Zones City of Los Angeles L.A. CEQA Thresholds Guide 2006 Page C-10 Appendix A2 p1 C. Biological Resources Exhibit C-7 SENSITIVE SPECIES COMPENDIUM - CITY OF LOS ANGELES1 KEY State Status - California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) SE State Listed Endangered ST State Listed Threatened CSC Species of Special Concern2 SCE State Candidate Endangered SCT State Candidate Threatened SFP State Fully Protected SP State Protected SR State Listed Rare Federal Status - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) FE Federally Listed Endangered FT Federally Listed Threatened FCH Federally Listed Critical Habitat FPE Federally Proposed Endangered FPT Federally Proposed Threatened FPCH Federally Proposed Critical Habitat FPD Federally Proposed Delisting FC Federal Candidate Species EXT Extinct _______________ 1 This list is current as of January 2001. Check the most recent state and federal lists for updates and changes, or consult the CDFG's California Natural Diversity Database. 2 CSC - California Special Concern species. The Department has designated certain vertebrate species as "Species of Special Concern" because declining population levels, limited ranges, and/or continuing threats have made them vulnerable to extinction. The goal of designating species as "Species of Special Concern" is to halt or reverse their decline by calling attention to their plight and addressing the issues of concern early enough to secure their long term viability.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbutus Menziesii Pursh Pacific Madrone
    Ericaceae—Heath family A Arbutus menziesii Pursh Pacific madrone Philip M. McDonald Dr. McDonald is a research silviculturist at the USDA Forest Service’s Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redding, California Other common names. madrone, arbutus, madroño. made into bobbins and spools. This species was first culti­ Occurrence and growth habit. Pacific madrone— vated in 1827 and has been planted occasionally as an orna­ Arbutus menziesii Pursh—is 1 of 3 species of Arbutus native mental tree in Europe and the United States (McMinn and to the western United States (Little 1979). It is an evergreen Maino 1959). tree that occurs in coastal mountains from southwestern Flowering and fruiting. Flowers, which bloom from British Columbia to southern California, and also in the March to June, are formed on a panicle 12 to 15 cm long. Sierra Nevada of north central California. It often is found The 8-mm flowers consist of 5 sepals fused at the base with as a single tree or in groves, only rarely occupying extensive 5 fused urn-shaped petals and 10 stamens. The anthers split areas (McDonald and Tappeiner 1990; McDonald and others open when ripe, the awns are elongate, and the superior 1983). Seldom does Pacific madrone form pure stands; usu­ ovary is rough and bumpy with 5 chambers (Hickman ally it is found in mixture with several conifer and hardwood 1993). The fruit is a berry, also rough and bumpy, less than species. It also competes successfully in both overstory and 12 mm in diameter (figure 1). The generic name derives understory canopies (Sawyer and others 1977).
    [Show full text]
  • Water Conserving Plants
    Acacia baileyana Trees Common Name: Bailey Acacia Family: Fabaceae Light: Full sun. Characteristics of plant: Grows 20’- 30’ tall, 20’-40’ wide. Evergreen tree has feathery, finely cut blue-grey foliage. Clusters of fragrant, yellow flowers are borne profusely in early to mid-winter. Water needs: Little to no water. Special Features: Very fast grower and very hardy. Caution - allergies to flowers are common. Photo by: Bob Perry Aesculus californica Common Name: California Buckeye Family: Hippocastanaceae Light: Full sun. Characteristics of plant: Grows to 10’-20’ tall, 30’ or wider. Deciduous tree is often multi-trunked. Leaves are divided into 3”-6” long leaflets. Fragrant, cream colored flower plumes appear in spring, followed by pear-shaped fruits. Water needs: Low to moderate water. Special Features: Flowers are poisonous to bees. Drops leaves in summer with little or no water; leaves hold until fall with regular water. Photo by: Beatrice F. Howitt, © California Academy of Sciences T-1 Arbutus menziesii Trees Common Name: Madrone Family: Ericaceae Light: Full sun. Characteristics of plant: Grows 20’- 100’ with round head as wide as tall. Evergreen tree has leathery leaves 3”-6” long. In spring, clusters of pink- ish bell-shaped flowers appear, fol- lowed in fall by clusters of orange to red berries. Water needs: Little to regular water. Special Features: Smooth, reddish- brown bark peels in thin flakes. Must have fast drainage and non-alkaline water. Established plants need only infrequent, deep watering. Photo by: Timothy D. Ives, © 2002 Arbutus unedo Common Name: Strawberry Tree Family: Ericaceae Light: Full sun or partial shade.
    [Show full text]
  • Tree Vegetation Technical Manual
    CITY OF SALEM TREE AND VEGETATION TECHNICAL MANUAL G:\GROUP\PUBWKS\WATER RESOURCES\TREES AND VEGETATION\SALEM TREE ITEMS\VEGETATION TECHNICAL MANUAL.DOC Native Trees and Shrubs The following native plants are common to Salem and the Willamette Valley and are available commercially from local nurseries. These plants may be used to fulfill the requirements of Salem Revised Code Chapter 68. Native Trees Scientific Name Common Name Ave. Height (feet) Abies grandis grand fir 100-125 Acer circinatum Vine Maple 10-20 Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf maple 50-100 Alnus rhombifolia White alder 50-80 Alnus rubra Red alder 40-50 Amelanchier alnifolia Western serviceberry 30 Arbutus menziesii Madrone 20-65 Cornus nutallii Pacific dogwood 30-40 Crataegus douglasii Black hawthorn 30-40 Fraxinus latifolia Oregon ash 40-80 Malus fusca Pacific crabapple 30 Pinus ponderosa Valley ponderosa pine 60-100 Populus balsamifera ssp. Black cottonwood 50-65 trichocarpa* Prunus emarginata Bitter cherry 7-50 Prunus virginiana Common chokecherry 30 Psedutsuga menziesii Douglas Fir 130 Quercus garryana Oregon white 40-90 oak/Garry oak Rhamnus purshiana Cascara 50 Salix spp.** Willow 15-40 Taxus brevifolia Pacific yew 40-50 Thuja plicata Western red cedar 50-70 Tsuga herterophylla Western hemlock 60-100 * Please consult with Public Works Stormwater Services before planting cottonwoods. ** Please consult with Public Works Wastewater Collection before planting willows. G:\GROUP\PUBWKS\WATER RESOURCES\TREES AND VEGETATION\SALEM TREE ITEMS\VEGETATION TECHNICAL MANUAL.DOC Native
    [Show full text]
  • Arbutus Menziesii): Examining Disease Resistance, Growth, and Survival in a Common Garden Study
    Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Genetics of Host-Parasite Interactions in Forestry Range-wide Genetic Variability in Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii): Examining Disease Resistance, Growth, and Survival in a Common Garden Study Marianne Elliott,1 Gary A. Chastagner,1 Gil Dermott,1 Alan Kanaskie,2 Richard A. Sniezko,3 and Jim Hamlin4 Introduction Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii Pursh, Ericaceae) is an important evergreen hardwood species in Pacific Northwest (PNW) forests that provides food and habitat for wildlife and has high value in urban environments. Reeves (2007) indicates that Pacific madrone provides habitat for numerous wildlife species, especially cavity-nesting birds. Its evergreen foliage provides browse, especially in the winter, for a number of animals. The berries are an important food for deer, birds, and other small mammals because they are produced in large quantities and may persist on the tree in winter when alternative food sources are limited (Dayton 1931). Reeves (2007) also indicates that it provides excellent erosion control and slope stabilization and is highly prized as an ornamental species for its crooked beauty, colorful bark, showy flowers, and brightly colored fruits. Pacific madrone is relatively drought tolerant, which makes it desirable in urban habitats. Native American tribes have also used various portions of this tree for food, utensils, and medicinal purposes (Arno et al. 1977, Dayton 1931). The species has been in decline for several decades due to a combination of factors such as climate change, forest management, and several endemic fungal pathogens. Several diseases affect the health of Pacific madrone throughout its range from southern British Columbia (lat.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants of Salt Point State Park
    19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450 ■ 707.847.3437 ■ [email protected] ■ www.fortross.org Title: Vascular Plants of Salt Point State Park Author(s): Warner Published by: Author i Source: Fort Ross Conservancy Library URL: www.fortross.org Fort Ross Conservancy (FRC) asks that you acknowledge FRC as the source of the content; if you use material from FRC online, we request that you link directly to the URL provided. If you use the content offline, we ask that you credit the source as follows: “Courtesy of Fort Ross Conservancy, www.fortross.org.” Fort Ross Conservancy, a 501(c)(3) and California State Park cooperating association, connects people to the history and beauty of Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks. © Fort Ross Conservancy, 19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450, 707-847-3437 Vascular Plants of Salt Point State Park Salt Point State Park - Vascular Plants _ I I --- 1 1 - Presence of taxa according to Best, et al. ( 1996), except as footnoted for personal oiJservations i 2 -- ------ -- Taxonomic nomenclature follows Hickman, et al. (1993), except as footnoted -- ' I ------- - - I ----~ i Family Latin Binomial(*= non-native) Common Name 1 Life History/Form Habitat Division SPHENOPHYTA ~-------------------·Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family)- 3 taxa ----------- -------!------------I Equisetum arvense common horsetail perennial wet soils near streams, seeps -- E. hyemale ssp. affine common scouring rush perennial moist scrub near streams I~-. telmatew ssp. braunu I giant horsetail perennial streambanks, wet soils Division PTEROPHYTA ~.. -------------------·----------- ------ -~------------ Blechnaceae (Deer Fern Family)- 2 taxa • I _ 1 Blechnum spicant Ideer fern perennial _ 1 moist woods, canyons Woodwardiafimbriata western chain fern 1 perennial along creeks, in springs~- seeps I Dennstaedtiaceae (Bracken Family) - 1 taxon I Pteridium aquilinum var.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbutus Menziesii)
    Arbutus aka Pacific Madrone Tree (Arbutus menziesii) Sources: http://blogs.ubc.ca/lucia316/2015/10/08/4-1-arbutus-menziesii-n/ ; http://blogs.ubc.ca/lucia316/2015/10/08/4-1-arbutus-menziesii-n/ ; http://www.nwplants.com/business/catalog/arb_men.html Arbutus is the only native broad-leafed tree in Canada that retains its leaves year round. What makes Arbutus special is that they have a very specific environment in which they can grow. Within that environment, they are extremely hardy and are great at resisting droughts, extreme winds, poor soil nutrients, and even wildfires. These trees are found on open rocky outcrops near the ocean, keeping within about 8km of the shorelines and occasionally in deeper soils in forest openings within the shoreline distance. This is the case if they are left alone in nature. However, with urban development, new diseases and pathogens, soil and root disturbances, there has been a decline in arbutus population across Vancouver Island. It is not rare for an Arbutus tree to live up to 400 years. Culturally, Arbutus has significant values to many First Nations on the coast. It has been noted that the Saanich used Arbutus bark and leaves for medicinal purposes. Arbutus has never been harvested commercially for timber; the wood is gnarly and knotty for use. Arbutus is host to many bird and insect species. Most importantly, the honey-smelling flowers attract pollinators such as bees. Pollinator bee populations have been dramatically decreasing in recent years, struggling with habitat destruction, urbanization, agricultural pesticide use and the strange disease called Colony Collapse Disorder which can suddenly and mysteriously wipe out entire hives/populations within days.
    [Show full text]