MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVI EW, CONTENTS "Oursel's As ithers See Us" Floyd C. Shoemaker The Pony Express Celebration Louise Piatt Hauck A Century of Missouri Music Ernst C. Krohn Missourians Abroad—Henry L. Myers T. A. Johnston The New Journalism in Missouri Walter B. Stevens The Followers of Duden William G. Bek J ay hawkers in Missouri, 1858-1863 Bildegarde R. Herklots Historical Notes and Comments STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY */* MISSOURI JULY, 1923 THE MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW Vol. XVII July, 1923 No. 4 CONTENTS. " Oursel's As Ithers See Us" 419 FLOTD C. SHOEMAKER The Pony Express Celebration 435 LOUISE PLATT HAUCK A Century of Missouri Music 440 ERNST C. KROHN Missourians Abroad—Henry L. Myers 464 T. A. JOHNSTON The New Journalism in Missouri 470 WALTER B. STEVENS The Followers of Duden 479 WILLIAM G. BEK Jayhawkers in Missouri, 1858-1863 505 HlLDEGARDE R. HERKLOTZ Historical Notes and Comments 514 FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER, Editor The Missouri Historical Review is published quarterly. The subscription price is $1.00 a year. A complete set of the REVIEW is still obtainable—Vols. 1-16, bound, $65.00; unbound, $32.00. Prices of separate volumes given on request. All communications should be addressed to Floyd C. Shoemaker, Secretary, The State Historical Society of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. "Entered as second-class matter at the postoffice at Columbia, Missouri, under act of Congress, Oct. 8, 1917, Sec. W-" CONTRIBUTORS FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER, author and historian, is secretary of The State Historical Society of Missouri and editor of The Missouri Historical Review. He is the author of papers, monographs, and histories on Missouri. MRS. LOUISE PLATT HAUCK, author, of St. Joseph, is a member of the Missouri Writers Guild. She is the author of several novels and many short stories and has specialized in treating of quaint features of Missouri history, legend, and romance. ERNST C. KROHN, pianist and composer, was born in New York City but has been a resident of St. Louis since 1899. He was secretary of the Musicians' Guild of St. Louis for seven years and was also a member of the International Music Society, Music Teachers' National Association, and the Missouri Music Teachers' Association. He has composed many piano pieces and has con­ tributed articles on piano study to the Etude and the Musician. His mono­ graphic study of "The Bibliography of Music" appeared in The Musical Quartette. T. A. JOHNSTON, educator, is a native Missourian. Since 1872 Colonel Johnston has been associated with the Kemper Military School, at Boonville, of which he is president and superintendent. WALTER B. STEVENS, author and Journalist, is the most popular historical writer in Missouri. Mr. Stevens has over a score of books to his credit and in 1921 published a Centennial History of Missouri. He has held several im­ portant public positions, including the secretaryship of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis. He is president of The State Historical Society. His home is in St. Louis. WILLIAM G. BEK, a native Missourian, is head of the department of Germanic languages in the University of North Dakota. His contributions, brochures, and translations relating to German settlements in the United States, place him among the highest authorities in this line of historical re­ search. His translation of "Duden's Report," lately published in the Review, is regarded by scholars as one of the most important contributions to western history that has appeared in recent years. Miss HILDEGARDE ROSE HERKLOTZ received her A. B. (1921) and M. A. (1922) from Washington University. She was awarded an undergraduate scholarship in that institution in 1918 in recognition of her work in the Cleve­ land (St. Louis) high school. In her academic studies she majored in history and is today teaching history in the Collinsville (111.) high school. Her home is in St. Louis. (418) "OURSEL'S AS ITHERS SEE US" BY FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER. No recent article on Missouri has received such wide­ spread circulation as Mr. Simpich's ''Missouri, Mother of the West" {National Geographic Magazine, April, 1928). From a journalistic viewpoint the article is excellent and the many illustrations add much to increase the reader's interest. The author, a native of Illinois, was reared in Missouri, graduating from the New Franklin (Mo.) high school in 1898. From the biographical data in ''Who's Who in America" (1922- 1923), we learn that he read law two years in Appleton, Wis., and until 1909 was engaged in newspaper work in Shanghai, Manila, San Francisco, and other cities. Since 1909 Mr. Simpich has served the State Department mainly in foreign fields. In April, 1921, he was assigned to the Division of Western European Affairs. He married Margaret Elliot Edwards, of Howard county, Missouri, in 1909. His home is at Wenatchee, Washington. The article was probably compiled in 1922 as no mention is made in it of the $87,- 000,000 bond issue for beautifying the city of St. Louis, which was carried in February, 1923. The interest attaching to the article, its large circulation, and the subject matter presented, seemed to us to warrant special consideration. A number of Missourians, members of The State Historical Society, were requested by us to write their impressions. Some of the replies were complimentary, others were reproving. The value of both lies largely in revealing not what Mr. Simpich did well or poorly but what Missourians see in themselves and their state. Some of the responses are here presented. Mr. J. Breckenridge Ellis, of Plattsburg, Missouri, one of the State's ablest and most widely known authors, a close observer, a careful reader, and a traveler who knows well his own state and country besides having personal acquaintance with foreign lands, presents these suggestive comments: (419) 420 MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW. I realize the great difficulty of presenting in a single essay a picture of any of our States as a whole, rather than flashlights of sections. Par­ ticularly great is this difficulty in dealing with a State like Missouri, so diverse, yet at bottom so unified, so spiritually homogeneous. However, if one undertakes the task we are not unreasonable in expecting him to carry it out. Mr. Frederick Simpich, in "Missouri, Mother of the West," has written a very interesting article for the April number of the National Geographic Magazine; it is an article, moreover, filled with arresting statements, those of a statistical nature being particularly important. I have, however, two objections to offer. The meiits of the article are on the surface, and do not require comment, for they are as obvious as the delightfully effective illustrations; but let me point out two things about Mr. Simpich's account that strike me as peculiar, and if it prove that my impressions are only personal to myself, no harm will be done. I. In regard to the world's smile at Missouri, a smile at worst, scornful, at best, tolerant. No one who has traveled can have failed to detect this smile. But the article, though such seems to have been its purpose, is not of a nature to banish levity at the sight of a Missourian, or at the name of Missouri. I can imagine an Easterner after finishing its perusal commenting something like this: "Four billion eggs in one year—well, well! And so they stand first in the making of shoes? No doubt poor old Missouri!" In this same magazine, Calvin Coolidge writes of Massachusetts. It is a story of ideas and ideals, of spiritual conflicts, and attainments of yearning and indomitable minds. Mr. Simpich tells a story of iron, of hogs, of goats. He is thrilled by our material greatness. He sees, as from afar, such names as Benton, Mark Twain, Doniphan, and lists them briefly with Jesse James and Quantrell and Pershing and Grant and the Youngers. They are cited merely as natural phenomena like the caves in the Ozarks. Surely, without boasting, one might dwell for a moment on names honored in distant lands, and omit others unhonored in their own. By our works of the spirit may we not also be thrilled? II. Mr. Simpich's picture of Missouri. State pride prompts me to hail every just appreciation of Missouri wherever found, but is it un­ reasonable to complain if I do not find it in an aiticle bearing its name? I was born in Missouri and have looked about me fifty years: but the Missouri that Mr. Simpich paints is, in essentials, unknown to me. This is not to say that he has painted falsely, but that he has not painted the entire picture. All of his bits may be recognized by local colorists; they are bits that keep the outside world smiling; to me, they are strange. Of the superstitions listed by him as belonging to our smaller tenants I have heard of but one, and it belongs to Kentucky; moreover, these drifting year-by-year "farmhands" are not Missourians. They belong to the universe, and particularly, perhaps, to Tennessee. Such words as "poorly" and "peart" do not prove a Missourian, because they are used "OURSEL'S AS ITHERS SEE US." 421 with equal frequency by those of other states. They do not belong here. I must not question the assertion that "a few years ago" the farmers were accustomed to ride over their farms awhile in the morning, then spend the day in fox-hunting. But the fact that I, living in a farm-country, never knew of such daily diversions would seem to prove that the custom was only here and there—sounds like Kentucky to me. I was reared in St.