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New Combinations in Chinese Polyspora (Theaceae)

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New Combinations in Chinese Polyspora (Theaceae) New Combinations in Chinese Polyspora (Theaceae) Bruce Bartholomew Botany Department, California Academy of Sciences, 875 Howard Street, San Francisco, California 94103-3009, U.S.A. [email protected] Ming Tienlu Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China ABSTRACT. For the Theaceae treatment in the Basionym: Camellia axillaris Roxburgh ex Ker Flora of China, volume 12, it was found that sev- Gawler, Bot. Reg. 4: t. 349. 1818. Gordonia eral speci®c epithets have not yet been validly axillaris (Roxburgh ex Ker Gawler) D. Die- transferred from Gordonia Ellis to Polyspora Sweet trich, Syn. Pl. 4: 863. 1847. TYPE: plate in ex G. Don. In this article the following ®ve species the original protologue, Bot. Reg. 4: t. 349. are transferred from Gordonia to Polyspora: Polys- 1831 (lectotype, designated here). pora chrysandra (Cowan) Hu ex B. Bartholomew & This species occurs in forests and thickets from T. L. Ming, P. hainanensis (Hung T. Chang) C. X. 100 to 800(±2300) m in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hai- Ye ex B. Bartholomew & T. L. Ming, P. longicarpa nan, and Taiwan, China (Chang, 1998), and Viet- (Hung T. Chang) C. X. Ye ex B. Bartholomew & T. nam (Ho, 1991). L. Ming, P. speciosa (Kochs) B. Bartholomew & T. There is no type specimen for this species, so L. Ming, and P. tonkinensis (Pitard) B. Bartholomew the plate in the original protologue is chosen as the & T. L. Ming. Three species, Gordonia axillaris lectotype. Roxburgh ex Ker Gawler, Gordonia tonkinensis Pi- tard, and Thea speciosa Kochs, as well as the one 2. Polyspora chrysandra (Cowan) Hu ex B. Bar- variety Gordonia axillaris var. acuminata E. Pritzel, tholomew & T. L. Ming, comb. nov. Basionym: are lectotypi®ed. Gordonia chrysandra Cowan, Notes Roy. Bot. Key words: China, Gordonia, Polyspora, Thea- Gard. Edinburgh 16: 184. 1931. TYPE: China. ceae. Yunnan: lava bed W of Tengyueh, 258N, 5000 ft., Nov. 1912, G. Forrest 9234 (holotype, E; Recent molecular evidence has shown that the isotype, A). Chinese species often treated as Gordonia Ellis are not closely related to the North American species This species occurs in forests and thickets from G. lasianthus (L.) Ellis, the type species of the ge- 1100 to 2400 m in Guizhou, Sichuan, and north- nus, and should be treated as a different genus western Yunnan, China, and northern Myanmar (Prince & Parks, 2001; Yang et al., 2004). On the (Chang, 1998; Ming, 1997). basis of priority, the generic name that must be H. H. Hu proposed the combination Polyspora used for these species is Polyspora Sweet ex G. chrysandra (Hu, 1972) but did not include the bas- Don. Although several of the Chinese species have ionym reference citation. been treated in the literature as Polyspora (Hu, 1963; Prince & Parks, 2001; Yang et al., 2004; Ye, 3. Polyspora hainanensis (Hung T. Chang) C. X. 1990), for the recognized taxa only the combination Ye ex B. Bartholomew & T. L. Ming, comb. Polyspora axillaris (Roxburgh ex Ker Gawler) nov. Basionym: Gordonia hainanensis Hung T. Sweet ex G. Don has been validly made. In order Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 22(2): to treat the Chinese species of Polyspora in the 111. 1983. TYPE: China. Hainan: Jianfeng- Flora of China, volume 12, ®ve combinations must ling, T. Q. Yu 11206 (holotype, SYS). be validly made. The six species of Polyspora that This species occurs in forests from 300 to 1500 occur in China include the following: m in Hainan, China (Chang, 1998). C. X. Ye proposed the combination Polyspora 1. Polyspora axillaris (Roxburgh ex Ker Gawler) hainanensis (Ye, 1990) but did not include the bas- Sweet ex G. Don, Gen. Hist. 1: 574. 1831. ionym reference citation. NOVON 15: 264±266. 2005. Volume 15, Number 2 Bartholomew & Ming 265 2005 Chinese Polyspora 4. Polyspora longicarpa (Hung T. Chang) C. X. for Thea speciosa, Kochs stated that the collection Ye ex B. Bartholomew & T. L. Ming, comb. was made in September, whereas Bock & von Ros- nov. Basionym: Gordonia longicarpa Hung T. thorn numbers for September 1891 started with Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 22(2): 708. The holotype of Thea speciosa was not only 111. 1983. TYPE: China. Yunnan: Tengchong. collected on the same date, but also at the same J. Chen 2-77 (holotype, KUN). Chinese collection locality (with minor transcrip- tion differences in spelling) as Bock & Rosthorn This species occurs in forests from (1000±)1700 754. Furthermore, in the treatment for Simaruba- to 2500 m in southeastern to southwestern Yunnan ceae by Pritzel in Diels (1900±1901), Bock & von China, northern Myanmar, northeastern Thailand, Rosthern 454 is identi®ed as Picrasma ailanthoides and northern Vietnam (Chang, 1998; Keng, 1972; (Bunge) Planchon. Unfortunately, no archival infor- Ming, 1997). Keng (1972) recorded Gordonia ax- mation that might throw additional light on this illaris as occurring in northeastern Thailand, which matter is available at B (Robert Vogt, pers. comm.), was before G. longicarpa had been named, but from GZU (Anton Drescher, pers. comm.), or O (Per his description the plant is clearly Polyspora lon- Sunding, pers. comm.). Quite likely collection num- gicarpa. ber 754 was misread as 454 either when the hand- C. X. Ye proposed the combination Polyspora written label on the specimen was transcribed or longicarpa (Ye, 1990) but did not include the bas- possibly when a handwritten manuscript was set in ionym reference citation. type. In ¯ower Polyspora and Camellia (Thea) are very 5. Polyspora speciosa (Kochs) B. Bartholomew similar, and this no doubt was why Kochs originally & T. L. Ming, comb. nov. Basionym: Thea spe- placed the ¯owering specimen of Bock & von Ros- ciosa Kochs, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 597. 1900. thorn 754 in Thea. However, because the fruit of Camellia speciosa (Kochs) Cohen-Stuart, Med- Polyspora and Camellia (Thea) are very different, ed. Proefstat. Thee 60: 67. 1916. TYPE: Chi- once it was realized that the fruiting specimen of na. Sichuan: Maup'o shan, im Urwald, 3 Sep. Bock & von Rosthorn 147 was the same species, it 1891, C. Bock & A. von Rosthorn 754 [as would have been clear that Thea speciosa was in ``454''] (holotype, B destroyed; lectotype, des- the wrong genus. In the treatment of Theaceae in ignated here, GZU). Die Flora von Central-China (Diels, 1900±1901), Gordonia axillaris (Roxburgh ex Ker Gawler) Sweet ex G. Pritzel and Kochs realized that T. speciosa should Don var. acuminata E. Pritzel, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: be treated as a Gordonia. This treatment in Diels's 473. 1900. Gordonia acuminata (E. Pritzel) Hung T. Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 22(2): 112. article was by both Kochs (who authored Thea) and 1983. TYPE: China. Sichuan: Nan ch'uan, Ta ho Pritzel (who authored the rest of the family). Pritzel kou, 31 July 1891, C. Bock & A. von Rosthorn 147 did not reduce Thea speciosa to a variety of Gor- (syntype, B destroyed; lectotype, designated here, O; donia axillaris, but rather selected a different in- isotypes, GZU, O). China. Sichuan: Mao p'o shan, fraspeci®c epithet, based his Gordonia axillaris var. Sep. 1891, C. Bock & A. von Rosthorn 754 (syntype, B destroyed; isosyntype, GZU). acuminata E. Pritzel on two syntypes (one of which Gordonia kwangsiensis Hung T. Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. was the holotype of T. speciosa), and gave T. speciosa Univ. Sunyatseni 22: 112(2). 1983. TYPE: China. Kochs as a synonym for his new variety. However, Guangxi: Damiao Mountain, S. H. Chun 16467 (ho- at the speci®c level T. speciosa has priority, so Pritz- lotype, IBSC). el's speci®c epithet speciosa must be used when This species occurs in forests from 1200 to 2000 treating this taxon as a species. Because the holo- m in northern Guangxi, Guizhou, southern to south- type of T. speciosa and both syntypes of G. axillaris western Sichuan (including the Chongqing Munic- var. acuminata have been destroyed, it is appro- ipality, formerly part of Sichuan), and Yunnan, Chi- priate to lectotypify T. speciosa on the only known na (Chang, 1998). isotype and to lectotypify G. axillaris var. acumi- The only specimen cited by Kochs (1900) for nata on one of the extant fruiting isosyntypes. Thea speciosa was ``Bock & von Rosthorn 454.'' C. X. Ye proposed the combination Polyspora Although the holotype at B is lost, there is com- kwangsiensis (Ye, 1990) but did not include the pelling evidence that 454 is an error, and the num- basionym reference citation and misspelled the ber in the protologue should have been 754. By speci®c epithet as ``gwangsiensis.'' However, this checking the dates and collection numbers cited in combination is not being validated here because Diels (1900±1901) it is evident that Bock & von the species is now reduced to a synonym. H. T. Rosthorn numbers between at least 192 and 707 Chang proposed the species Gordonia szechuanensis were collected in August 1891. In the protologue (Chang, 1983) for what is the same species as Po- 266 Novon lyspora speciosa, but he did not supply Latin de- 5a. Terminal buds large, purplish red, scription or diagnosis. glabrous; petiole 1.5±2 cm; ¯owers 8±10 cm diam.; style ca. 2 cm .. ................. 5. P. speciosa 6. Polyspora tonkinensis (Pitard) B. Bartholo- 5b. Terminal buds small, white seri- mew & T. L. Ming, comb. nov. Basionym: Gor- ceous; petiole 0.8±1.5 cm; ¯owers donia tonkinensis Pitard, in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. 5±6 cm diam.; style ca. 1.5 cm .. ............... 6. P. tonkinensis Indo-Chine 1: 348. 1910. TYPE: Vietnam. Tonkin environ de Ninh-binh, 1883±1891, Acknowledgments. We thank Thomas F. Daniel Abbe R. P. Bon 60 (lectotype, designated here, (CAS), Anton Drescher (GZU), Peter W.
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