Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme for South and Southeast Asia (Rflp)
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REGIONAL FISHERIES LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (RFLP) --------------------------------------------------------- FINAL REPORT ON THE BASELINE SURVEY (Activity Code: Baseline survey) For the Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme for South and Southeast Asia Prepared by THE LEARNING INSTITUTE IN COLLABORATION WITH THE FISHERIES ADMINISTRATION December 2010 Page | 1 Disclaimer and copyright text "This publication has been made with the financial support of the Spanish Agency of International Cooperation for Development (AECID) through an FAO trust-fund project, the Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme (RFLP) for South and Southeast Asia. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the opinion of FAO, AECID, or RFLP.” All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational and other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Chief Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch Communication Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to: [email protected] © FAO 2010 Bibliographic reference For bibliographic purposes, please reference this publication as: The Learning Institute (2010). Cambodia baseline survey final report. Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme for South and Southeast Asia (GCP/RAS/237/SPA) Field Project Document 2010/CMB/1. REGIONAL FISHERIES LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (RFLP) REGIONAL FISHERIES LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEST ASIA (RFLP) Page | 2 TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………06 LIST OF ACRONYMS………………………………………………………………………07 GLOSSARY………………………………………………………………………………….09 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………………………………...11 SUMMARY TABLE OF BASELINE VALUES (BVS)..................................................17 A. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………19 A.1. Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme……………………………………19 A. 2. Baseline survey………………………………………………………………………20 A.2.1. Objectives...................................................................................................................20 A.2.2. Scope of the baseline survey.......................................................................................20 A.2.3. Baseline methodology................................................................................................20 A.2.3.1. Main steps of the survey..........................................................................................20 A.2.3.2. Stakeholder Identification.......................................................................................23 A.2.3.3. Sample Selection....................................................................................................24 A.2.3.4. Sex Disaggregation................................................................................................27 A.2.3.5. Methods and Tools for Data Collection.................................................................27 A.2.4. Limitation of the Baseline Survey..............................................................................30 B. BASELINE SURVEY FINDINGS...........................................................................30 B.1. Chapter 01: Coastal fisheries and fisheries co-management ......................30 B.1.1. Status and availability of coastal fisheries resources...................................................30 B.1.1.1.Level of satisfaction of fishers/fisheries resource managers......................................32 B.1.2. Existing processes and practices of fisheries co-management.....................................36 Page | 3 B.1.2.1. Coastal Community Fisheries...............................................................................36 B.1.2.2. Community Fisheries documentation....................................................................39 B.1.2.3.Fishers and fishers‟ families‟ expectations in respect of Community Fisheries.......42 B.1.2.4. Other existing formal and informal processes for co-management........................45 B.1.2.5. Level of implementation of management plans or action plans.............................46 B.1.2.6. Fishers‟ satisfaction with co-management activities (CFi) ...................................51 B.1.2.7. Fishers‟ and their family members‟ satisfaction with co-management activities (CFi) implementation......................................................................................................................54 B.1.2.8. Women‟s participation in co-management...........................................................58 B.1.3. Existing legal instruments to support coastal fisheries co-management....................60 B.1.3.1. Background of the co-management legal instruments...........................................60 B.1.2.2.Fisheries legislation..............................................................................................60 B.1.4. Level of satisfaction with co-management policy implementation.............................61 B.1.5. Relevant stakeholders that support fisheries co-management ...................................62 B.1.5.1. Stakeholders involved in coastal fisheries co-management....................................62 B.1.5.2. Quality of Community Fisheries members‟ participation.......................................64 B.1.5.2.1. Definition of participation.................................................................................64 B.1.5.2.2. Importance of participation...............................................................................65 B.1.5.3. Fishers‟ and their household members‟ awareness about CFi activities.................66 B.1.5.4. Involvement of fishers and their family members in Community Fisheries..............68 B.2. Chapter 02: Safety at sea of coastal fishing community .............................69 B.2.1. Current status of safety at sea among coastal small scale CFi members....................69 B.2.1.1. Types and numbers of fishing accidents and reporting systems...............................69 B.2.1.2. Awareness of safety at sea items.............................................................................72 B.2.1.3. Compliance with the items recommended for safety at sea......................................75 Page | 4 B.2.2. Legal regulations for supporting safety at sea .........................................................77 B.2.3. Coastal small scale fishing disasters and preparedness.............................................79 B.2.3.1. Level of awareness about coastal disasters and consequent actions......................79 B.2.3.2. Degree of fishers‟ engagement in disaster preparedness........................................80 B.3. Chapter 03: Post-harvest and Marketing.......................................................82 B.3.1. Knowledge, skills and facilities for fisheries post-harvest activity in coastal CFi......82 B.3.2. Status of the post-harvest fisheries products against the national standard...............85 B.3.3. Quality and accessibility of post-harvest fisheries products for coastal CFi..............86 B.3.3.1. Accessibility of post-harvest fisheries products........................................................86 B.3.4. Quality of the post-harvest fisheries products.............................................................89 B.3.5. Fishers‟ influences on fisheries market.......................................................................91 B.3.6. Government capacity in support of post-harvest fisheries .........................................93 B.4. Chapter 04: Livelihood Enhancement and Diversification.........................94 B.4.1. Existing livelihood activities of, and future options for, small scale fishers................94 B.4.1.1. Existing livelihood activities..................................................................................94 B.4.1.2. Future livelihoods options....................................................................................97 B.4.1.3. Level of satisfaction with current livelihoods.........................................................99 B.4.1.4. Livelihoods improvement diversification...............................................................100 B.4.1.5. Degree of livelihoods uptake by fishers.................................................................102 B.4.2. Influencing factors that support and inhibit current livelihood activities and future opportunities for diversification............................................................................................102 B.4.3. Government capacity to support livelihood enhancement and diversification..........104 B.4.3.1. Level of satisfaction of fishers with the service provision for livelihoods................104 B.4.3.2. Level of awareness of service providers about livelihood options.........................105 B.5. Chapter 05: Micro-finance..............................................................................105 Page | 5 B.5.1. Existing institutions or informal groups that operate micro-credit at coastal CFi......105 B.5.2. Delivery of credit and loan services to small scale fishers..........................................107 B.5.2.1. Awareness of coastal