CONTENTS Contents Dear Readers! I am happy to introduce you August issue. Editor in Chief: Olga Kartseva This time we will be mentioning Windows, Ubuntu [email protected] in our magazine, but surely it will be more than Contributing: Rob Somerville,Daniele Mazzocchio, Rashid N. Achilov, Joseba connected to BSD. Mendez, Laura Michaels Read it and let us know if it was usefull and Lukas Holt, Caryn Holt, Laura Michaels interesting. :) Special thanks to: Marko Milenovic, Worth Bishop and Mike Bybee We also have modi�ed and have another survey for Art Director: you, please �nd some time to �ll it in. Ireneusz Pogroszewski At the moment we are planning to open russian DTP: version of BSD Magazine in September. Ireneusz Pogroszewski The magazine will be also free online publication. Senior Consultant/Publisher: And we are looking for authors, betatesters and Paweł Marciniak [email protected] proofreaders with russian as native language. National Sales Manager: Ewa Łozowicka Please contact [email protected] in case [email protected] you want to contibute or have an idea where we Marketing Director: should announce this news. Ewa Łozowicka [email protected] Please spread the word about it on your blogs, Executive Ad Consultant: forums, websites! Karolina Lesińska Thank you! [email protected] Advertising Sales: Olga Kartseva Olga Kartseva [email protected] Editor in Chief Publisher : [email protected] Software Press Sp. z o.o. SK ul. Bokserska 1, 02-682 Warszawa Poland worldwide publishing tel: 1 917 338 36 31 www.bsdmag.org Software Press Sp z o.o. SK is looking for partners from all over the world. If you are interested in cooperation with us, please contact us via e-mail: [email protected] All trade marks presented in the magazine were used only for informative purposes. All rights to trade marks presented in the magazine are reserved by the companies which own them. The editors use automatic DTP system Mathematical formulas created by Design Science MathType™. 4 08/2010 www.bsdmag.org 5 CONTENTS Contents GET STARTED LET’S TALK Introduction to MidnightBSD Maintenance Systems over BSD 06Lukas Holt, Caryn Holt 42 Joseba Mendez MidnightBSD was founded in 2006 by Lucas Holt. I was talking in previous articles about how to run applications The project is a FreeBSD 6.0 fork with an emphasis on widely used in the Industry that can be supported by BSD apart creating a desktop focused BSD. of classical IT services. While there are other BSD desktop projects (most notably PC- As clear example of this is SAP Suite. SAP covers all possible BSD and DesktopBSD), asset management to control the cost related to production we wanted to create an entire desktop centered BSD from the and also maintenance but as per tighted cost in investments kernel all the way up to the standard applications. We want a today, the Plants must run 24/7 with maximum reliability and BSD that a grandmother could install and use. productivity possible. HOW TO’S Low Resource PCs with FreeBSD 46 Laura Michaels The FreeBSD Ubuntu challenge FreeBSD is my pick for best modern operating system to use on 12 Rob Somerville older PCs. I can’t believe how many used PCs end up as landfill FreeBSD makes a great server, but can it rise to the challenge while students, educators, low income families and others go of running Compiz as a workstation? without a computer at all. One of the many criticisms of Open Source software (indeed even FreeBSD) is that it is not ready for the desktop. Making the Unknown Giant Visible and 50Known Network monitoring with Nagios and Joshua Ebarvia 18 OpenBSD (PART 1) Making the Unknown Giant Visible and Known FreeBSD has the Daniele Mazzocchio moniker Unknown Giant. I confirm that it is true in my place. I So our OpenBSD-based network now includes redundant have asked system administrators, computer enthusiasts, and firewalls, domain name servers, a mail gateway and a web hobbyist about FreeBSD and they didn’t even know what I’m proxy cache. (Read previous issues of BSD Magazine) All the talking about. services provided by these machines are particularly critical and can’t afford even minimal downtime. Redundancy may give us the time to recover a failure before having angry users trying to knock down our door, but it doesn’t free us from the responsibility to detect and solve ongoing problems. Replacing Microsoft Exchange Server 36 Rashid N. Achilov Installing set of open-source programs without lack of functionality Instead of Microsoft Exchange Server. This way Groupware-part will be replaced on Horde Groupware. 4 08/2010 www.bsdmag.org 5 GET STARTED An Introduction to MidnightBSD An Introduction to MidnightBSD While there are other BSD desktop projects (most notably PC-BSD and DesktopBSD), we wanted to create an entire desktop centered BSD from the kernel all the way up to the standard applications. We want a BSD that a grandmother could install and use. What you will learn… What you should know… • what is MidnightBSD : installation, booting, mports • how to use computer MidnightBSD History System Requirements MidnightBSD was founded in 2006 by Lucas Holt. The A computer with an Intel Pentium or equivalent CPU and project is a FreeBSD 6.0 fork with an emphasis on 64MB RAM is required to install MidnightBSD. For optimal creating a desktop focused BSD. desktop use, we recommend at least 256MB of RAM and While there are other BSD desktop projects (most a 686 class CPU. notably PC-BSD and DesktopBSD), we wanted to create an entire desktop centered BSD from the kernel all the Getting MidnightBSD way up to the standard applications. We want a BSD that MidnightBSD is available for i386 and amd64 architectures. a grandmother could install and use. The latest release is 0.2.1 with 0.3 under active development. The current development focus is on creating a solid Developer snapshots are available for version 0.3 on i386 foundation. We are working on further developing the and amd64; those familiar with BSD development or who mports system, creating a new package management like to experiment with newer technologies may wish to try system, improving the MidnightBSD build cluster and the developer snapshots. Most users will have a better implementing an easy-to-use installer. experience with 0.2.1-RELEASE. Figure 1. A selection screen Figure 2. The sysinstall installation program 6 08/2010 www.bsdmag.org 7 GET STARTED An Introduction to MidnightBSD ISO images may be obtained from http:// You may wait or press enter. Select Standard from the www.midnightbsd.org/download/. If one wishes to menu by pressing down and then press Enter on your use a graphical desktop environment such as KDE keyboard. You will then be presented with an informational or WindowMaker & GNUstep, download three files box explaining the fdisk process. Choose OK to continue 0.2.1-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso, 0.2.1-RELEASE-i386- to fdisk see Figure 3. For this article, it is assumed that disc2.iso, and 0.2.1-RELEASE-i386-disc3.iso. Disk two you wish to install MidnightBSD as the only operating and three contain packages and are not needed for system on your computer or virtual machine. Installing a basic installation. Burn these files to CDs using your MidnightBSD along with another system requires free favorite program. disk space for MidnightBSD to use on the hard drive and a boot manager. A simple boot manager is included Trying MidnightBSD with MidnightBSD, but we recommend using a third party A live CD is available on the project wiki at http:// manager called GAG as it is compatible with Windows 7. www.midnightbsd.org/wiki/livecd. Using a live CD can To setup your hard disk in fdisk, select a for Use Entire help you determine if you wish to install MidnightBSD on Disk, arrow down to the newly created freebsd type, press your computer as well as test for hardware compatibility. S for Set Bootable and Q for Finish. This will allocate your entire hard disk to MidnightBSD see Figure 4. Installing MidnightBSD Next, you will select the boot manager. If you will be Place the MidnightBSD disc1 CD into your computer and using MidnightBSD on the entire drive or with GAG, arrow start the system. You will be presented with a selection down and select Standard. When sharing the drive with screen similar to the following: see Figure 1. Windows XP or another OS, use BootMgr see Figure 5. You may wait or press enter. If you have an older Another informational message will pop-up. Select OK system and experience difficulties booting MidnightBSD, and contine to the DiskLabel Editor. Most users will be try option 3 Boot in Safe Mode. After a few moments, you able to use the defaults. Select A for Auto Defaults and will be presented with the sysinstall installation program then Q to Finish see Figure 6. see Figure 2. Figure 5. When sharing the drive with Windows XP or another OS, use Figure 3. Choose OK to continue to fdisk see BootMgr Figure 4. This will allocate your entire hard disk to MidnightBSD Figure 6. Select A for Auto Defaults and then Q to Finish see 6 08/2010 www.bsdmag.org 7 GET STARTED You will be presented with the Choose Distributions Now you will be asked for several system configuration screen. Select All which includes source code needed by options and given the option to install additional software some mports to compile kernel modules.