You have 2 minutes! Put backpack on back of chair, supplies underneath desk. SIT DOWN. BE QUIET. J ON YOUR DESK: Pencil or black pen Collonialism Notes (Venn diagram)

TODAY, we will be able to describe the influence of resources and revoluon in Africa! Do Now (10) Blood (20) Road to Independence (15) Country in a Box (8) Exit (5) Indep. Reading (~) Pass back papers Closing (5) Answer the 3 Crical Thinking quesons on the back of your Colonialism Notes from last week. If you don’t have your notes, answer on notebook paper:

1. What do you think the Europeans’ atude was toward the Africans? 2. Describe the lasng impact of European colonialism. 3. Why do you think it was difficult for Africans to resist (fight) colonialism? AFTER COLONIALISM -Slavery increased a LOT! BEFORE COLONIALISM -Slavery -Slaves died of disease/ -Varied way of life/ existed starvaon government (diversity) -Rich in -Communies robbed -Great empires like resources of young male leaders Mali and raw -Family structures -Some democrac materials destroyed government -European/Chrisan tradions destroyed African tradions POLITICAL CARTOON >>>>> BEFORE COLONIALISM AFTER COLONIALISM -Slavery -Varied way of life/ existed -Europeans divided government (diversity) -Rich in Africa unfairly -Great empires like resources -Forced assimilaon Mali and raw -More conflict among -Some democrac materials ethnic groups (civil government war)

• A lot of Africa’s warfare is because it is rich in resources. • Many people in Africa die because of the high demand for diamonds. They are forced to work like slaves to dig up diamonds so their employers can sell them to rich countries like England and the , where people are willing to pay a lot of luxuries like diamonds. • Diamonds that lead to people dying – diamonds that are bought for the price of a human life – are called . What do diamonds represent in the United States and Europe? hp://www.history.com/videos/ blood-diamond-beyond-the- bloodshed#blood--beyond- the-bloodshed

1. What is a ?

2. How did colonialism lead to the problem of blood diamonds in Africa today?

3. Do you think there’s a soluon to this problem in Africa?

• European colonial rule broke Africa’s social systems and governments • Colonialism robbed Africa of its many resources, like gold and diamonds • Some Africans got an educaon in Europe and the United States • These young people began to dream of independence and naonalism • Naonalism: very strong pride in your own country or ethnic group

• Many Europeans were racist and believed Africans couldn’t rule themselves well because they were inferior • But many Africans believed they COULD rule themselves. They believed in Pan-Africanism, or the idea that all African people around the world should work together for their freedom • Many Africans felt they deserved independence because they fought with the Europeans in World War I and World War II • The first Pan-African Congress, or meeng of African people from all over the world, was in 1919

• Most European colonies south of the Sahara gained independence between 1951 and 1980 • gained its independence from the in 1960 • Under Brish rule, Nigeria actually had a strong economy and government, and rich resources • Many people thought Nigeria’s diversity, or different cultures, would be a strength, but it caused a lot of problems • Ethnic groups were against each other and looked out for just themselves instead of the whole country • Riots, or dangerous fights, broke out in 1966 • Today, Nigeria is ruled mostly by military leaders

• gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1910 • But not everyone became free. Only white South Africans could vote and have certain rights • In 1948, South Africans created a policy of , or separang people by color • Apartheid finally ended in 1991 and all South African adults could vote for the first me in 1994

Answer on a half-piece of notebook paper in complete sentences. Minimum 1 complete paragraph (5-7 sentences).

Using the blood diamond conflict as an example, explain how Africa’s rich resources have caused problems for the connent. ANNOUNCEMENTS • Pass back papers • Bring The Giver every day • No tutoring/detenon this week

TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK • Country in a Box due next Thursday. You have plenty of me, so make this project AWESOME! • Read Ch. 19 of The Giver by tomorrow (pop quiz?!)