1552 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY- 29;·.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Bureau, to offer the resolution which I send to the desk and ask for its adoption. 1\IOND.A.Y, February 29, 1892. The Clerk read as follows: The House met at 12 o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Resolved, That the special committee to investigate the Pension Bureau ~ and is hereby, authorized to have printed from time to time for the use ot1 W. H. MILBURN, D. D._ said committee the proceedings had and evidence taken by and before said The Journal of the proceedings of Saturday last was read and committee. approved. There being no objection, the resolution was considered and; LEAVE OF ABSENCE. adopted. Mr. HALL, by unanimous consent, obtained leave of absence On motion of Mr. ENLOE, a motion to reconsider the last vote for three days, on account of important business. was laid on the table. LAND GRANT TO LICK OBSERVATORY. TOWN OF CHELAN, WASH. Mr. LOUD. I ask unanimous consent for the ,pr.esent consid; Mr. WILSON of Washington. I ask unanimous consent for eration of House bill No. 3933, to set apart a tract of land in the the present consideration of the bill (H. R. 2568) for the relief of State of California for the use of the Lick Observatory of the as­ the inhabitants of the town of Chelan, in Okanogan County, State tronomical department of the University of California. of Washington. The bill was read, as follows: The bill was read, as follows: Be it enacted, etc., That the following-described land in township numbered Be it enacted, etc., That the Commissioner of the General Land Oftlce be, and 7 south and range 3 east, Mount Diablo meridian, is hereby reserved from he is hereby, authorized to issue a patent for the following tract of public sale or disposal under the general laws of the United States, to wit, the north­ land, to wit: The northeast quarter of section13in township Z7 north, range west quarter of section 3, the east half of section 4, the northwest quarter of 22 east, in Okanogan Coun'zy' Wash., upon the entry Jmade at the North Ya­ section 4, the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 4. kima local land omce for said land by Charles H. Ballard, probate judge fol' SEC. 2. That in addition to any lands heretofore granted to the Lick Ob· said county, in trust for the use and benefit of the inhabitants of the town of serva.tory of the astronomical department of the University of Californi.a, so Chelan, in said county, under the town-site laws, being cash entry numbered much of said land a.s is not already granted or disposed of by the United 1064of said North Yakima. series of entries. States, to wit, the northwest quarter of section 3, the east half of section 4. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera­ the northwest quarter of section 4, the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 4, be, and the same is hereby, granted to the regents of tion of this bill? the University of California., and their successors, in trust, for the use and Mr. McMILLIN. R €serving the right to object, I ask that the benefit of the astronomical department of the University of California.: Pro­ report be read. 'Vided, That if the land herein granted shall be used for any ~ther purpose than the site of said observatory and the necessary purposes m connection The report (by Mr. STOUT) was read, as follows: therewith, the same shall revert to the United States. ~ The Committee on the Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 2568) for the relief of the inhabitants of the town of Chela.n, in Okanogan The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera­ County, State of Washington, submit the following report: tion of the bill? The lands in question were required for town-site purposes under the laws Mr. McCREARY. Reser:ving the right to object, I wish to of the United States, and as such were located by Charles H. Ballard, judge of probate, in trust for the inhabitants of Chelan. Pending this a. treaty was ask the gentleman from California [Mr. LoUD] from what com- made releasing the Indian title, the legislation concerning which precluded mittee the bill comes. . the location of any of the tands embraced in the treaty only under the home­ Mr. LOUD. From the Committee on Public Lands. stead laws. Inasmuch as town sites can not be located under the homestead law, and ...· Mr. McCREARY. Has it received the unanimous recom- homesteads can not be located or lands selected as town sites, no title can. be mendation of .that committee? given to the lands without an enabling act of Congress. The committee find Mr. LOUD. Yes, sir; the report is with ~he bill. no adverse cln.ims, and therefore report the bill to the House with the rec­ Mr. McCREARY. I ask for the reading of the report. ommendation that it pass. The report (by Mr. SEERLEY) was read, as follows: DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, The Committee on the Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 3933) Washington, Februa1'1J 8, 1892. to set apart a tract of land in the State of Callfornia. for the use of the Lick Sm: I have the honor to inclose herewith a copy of the report to me by the Observatory of the astronomical department of the University or California, Commissioner of the General Land Omce, dated the 3d instant, on H. R. 2568, have had the same under consideration, and report the same back with the "For the relief of the inhabitants of the town of Chelan,1n Okanogan County, recommendation that it pass. . State of Washington," in response to the reference of a copy of the bill to The committee find that the land described in said bill is of no value for the Commissioner for report by Hon. B. G. STOUT, of your committee. timber or mineral, and moreover is not suU;able for farming purposes, and Very respectfully, from the following report of the General Land om.ce it will be seen that no JOAN W. NOBLE, Secretary valid entries appear of record on its tract book for any of said land: Hon. T. C. McRAE, "DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, GENERAL LAND OFFICE, 07Lai1-man Committee on the Public Lands, House of B epruentatives. . "Wa8hington, D. C., January 15, 1892. "Sm: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a memorandum from DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, GENERAL LAND OFFICE, you, herewith returned, as to the status of NW. t sec. 3, E. ! NW. t and NW. Washington, D. C., FebruaMJ 3,1892. t SW. t sec. 4, T. 7 S., R. 3 E., M. D. M. You are advised that no entry ap­ Sm: I have had tne honor to receive from Hon. Mr. STOUT, of the Committee pears of record upon the tract books of this om.ce for any of the above-de- on the Public Lands of the Honse of Representatives, for report the:reon, scribed tracts. . - · · . House bill No. 2568, entitled "A bill for the relief of the town or Chelan, in "In the entire T. 7 S., R. 3 E., twenty-five entries have been made, embrac­ Okanogan County, StateofWashington," which reads as follows, viz: ing a total area of about 2, 775 acres. "That the Commissioner of the General Land Omce be, and he is hereby, "Very respectfully, authorized to issue a patent for the following tract of public land, to wit: " W. M. STONE, The northeast quarter of section 13, in. township Z7 north, range 22 east, in "Assistant Commissioner." Okanogan County, Wash., npon the entry made at the North Yakima local There being no objection, the House proceeded to the con­ land om.ce for said land by Charles H. Ballard, probate judge for said county, in trust for the use and benefit of the inhabitants of the town of Chelan, fn sideration of the bill, which was orderred to be engrossed and said county, under the town-site laws, being cash entry numbered 1064 of raad a third time, and it was accordingly read the third time said North Yakima series of entries." and passed. · In reference to the subject I have to report that a letter was addressed by this omce to L. H. Woodin, esq., Chelan, Wash., under date of the 12th Feb­ On motion of Mr. LOUD, a motion to reconsider the last vote ruary, 1891, which I quote, as follows, to show the status of the entry which was laid on the table. .this bill proposes to have patented, viz: "I am in receipt, by reference, of your letter of the 16th ultimo, addressed TYPHUS FEVER IN NEW YORK. to Hon. JoHNL. WILSON, relative to the legality of cash entry No. 1004, of the Mr. STUMP. I ask for the present consideration of a con­ NE. t sec. 13, T. Z7 N., R. 22 E., -North Yakima land district, Washington, and in reply I have to state that s&id entry was made by Charles H. Ballard, pro­ current resolution from the Senate, which bas been favorably bate judge, in trust for the several use and benefit of the occupants thereof reported by the Committee on ImmigrationandNaturalization. as the town site of Chelan, Wash., according to their respective interests. The resolution was read, as follows: The proof upon which this entry was allowed is complete in all respects but one, viz, the population of the town, which is alleged to be • about 100,' a state­ Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concur-ring), That the ment which. in connection with this proof, is entirely too indefinite. Senate Committee on Immigration and the House Committee on Immi­ "Aside from the question of defective proof, I find that the entry was im­ gration and Naturalization, be, and hereby are, authm-ized jointly to inves­ properly allowed and illegaL The land entered is within that portion o! the ti~ate the workings of the various laws of the United States relative to im­ Columbia Indian Reservation restored to the public domain by the ·act IIllgl'ation from foreign countries, and the importation of contract laborers making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the In­ to the United States, and the expenditures made in connection therewith, dian Department,' etc., approved July 4,1884 (23 Suats., 79), and made subject and especially the recent admission of immigrants infected with typhus fever to disposal 'to actual settlers under the homestead laws only, except such into the port of New York; the investigation to be conducted at such times portion thereof as may properly be subject to sale under the laws relating to and places as said committees may deem proper; and the committees are entry of timber lands and of mineral lands, the entry of which shall be go v­ hereby authorized jointly, as full committees or through subcommittees erned by the laws now in force concerning the entry of such lands.' While thereof, to send for and examine persons, books, and papers, and to admin­ it is true that section 2287, United States Revised Statutes, under which this ister oaths to witnesses. entry was made, provides that • whenever any portion of the :public lands •There being no objection, the resolution was considered and have been ·or may be settled upon and occupied as a town site, it is lawful under certain conditions and upon proper showing to allow a. town-site entry adopted. of the land thus occupied, yet that portion of said section above quoted has On motion of Mr. STUMP, a motion to reconsider the last vote t•eference to public lands that have not been specifically made subject to en­ was laid op. the table. try under other laws than those relating to town sites. ·• To construe the language of said section otherwise would be to empower INVESTIGATION OF PENSION BUREAU. a body of town settlers to defeat the e;rnress provisions of Congress itself. Mr. ENLOE. I am requested, Mr. Speaker, by the chairman th~e~~~~~~~et~~r~ a~e~;a1-f~l1~~.eas~~~!t~ :~1g ~~~~ of the special committee appointed to investigate the Pension same can not be allowed. .Said entry, therefore, will have to be suspended,

. • 1892. ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1553 and, in the absence of any additional legislation atfecting the tract covered removing charges of desertion only; said evening ses ;ion not to ext-end be- thereby, eventually canceled. It is proper to further state that although the yond 10 o'clock and_30 minutes." ~ - entry before me can not be approved at this time, nevertheless the occupancy of the land :tor trade and business by a sutllcent population etrectually re­ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the accompanying re­ serves the same from homestead entry." (See sections 2258 and 2289, U. S. port. Rev. Stats.) From an examination of the ofilcial record, it appears that there is no con­ :Mr. McMILLIN. As this reportofthecommitteewasadopted flict with the entry in question and that there 1s no protest or contest affect- . s:> recently, it was impossible to prepare a written statement to tng the same. If Congress is satisfied with reference tothesumciency of t.he accompany the report, and I will ask the indulgence of the House population of the town, which it appears is shown in the proof to be about "one hundred," I see no objection to the passage of said bill, the copy of to make a verbal statement in explanation of the change which which received from Mr. Stout is herewith inclosed. this makes in the present rule. · Very respectfully, It had been the intention of the framers of the code of rules to THOS. H. CARTER, Commissioner. The SECRETARY OF THE iNTERIOR. provide for night sessions on ea-ch Friday by special order of the House, as had been done in Congresses preceding the last. But There being no objection, the House proceeded to the consid­ when the report of the committee was being considered by the eration of the bill, which was ordered to be engrossed and read House there was an amendment adopted, offered by a member on a third time; and it was accordingly read the third time, and the floor, incorporating in the rule the provision as it now stands passed. in the rule providing for these evening sessions. That amend­ On ~ motion of Mr. WILSON of Washington: a motion to recon­ ment, however, failed to contain a provision which had thereto­ sider the last vote was laid on the table. fore been contained in the orders and rules of the House upon CONSTRUCTION OF SPECIE-RESUMPTION ACT. the subject, providing that the House should take a recess at 5 Mr. DOCKERY, by unanimous consent, submitted the follow­ o'clock until .8, for the consideration of bills under that special ing resolution; which was read, considered, and adopted: rule. It is to correct that omission that the report is now sub­ Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be, and it is hereby, directed mitted, the only effect of the adoption of the report being· to pr

Mr.'PICKLEB. This was the rule .of the Fifty-first Congress. , more attention given to these bills than has been the case h .eTe· Mr. McMILLIN. It was the rule of the Fiity-first Congress, tofore. The growth of the pension roll and the heavy &ppro­ and it has been the practice of former Congresses, with the ex­ pl'iations required demand closer scrutiny. I am the last man ception of the provision concerning the removal of charges of in this House, sir, to deny any right which is due on his merits desertion. to any faithful soldier. A soldier who served his country faith­ Mr. OATES. I understand that. fully and well, but who is bysome mere technipality, or ina case The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Tennessee yield? properly designated as" absent without leave " merely, who is Mr. McMILLIN. I yield to the gentleman from Alabama to under a charge of desertion, ought to have it removed. allow him to offer an amendment. But, sir, ih removing these eharge13l the .disposition of men, Mr. OATES. I merely want to offer an amendment- on the better s~de of our nature, is towards great leniency. I Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Speaker, I trust the gentleman from have no toleration for deserters from the flag of their cause and Tennessee will yield to me for the purpose of opposing the amend­ country. Their conduct should be scrutinized, and the proof ment. should make a clear case and show that justice demands that such Mr. McMILLIN. If the gentleman from Alabama will with­ charge be removed, or it ought to be denied. That is the reason hold his amendment for a moment, I will yield to the gentleman why I call attention to this innovation on former practices, giv­ from Ohio [Mr. OUTHWAITE]. ing this matter into the hands of the House on these Friday night Mr. OUTHWAITE. I trust the gentleman from Alabama will sessions. No Friday night sessions should be held, and I would not insist upon that amendment. There are many cases in which vote against them but for the fact that the crowded condition of men are technically charged with desertion, which charge can the Calendars will soon preclude the possibility of considering not be removed under existing general laws. these bills in the regular day sessions. There are many cases in which men served with fidelity and Now, sir, I do not care to be persistent in this direction. Sev­ patriotism through thelongyears of the war, and yetonaccount eral gentlemen who have cases of this kind among their con­ -of technicalities, on account of their not returning to the service stituencies have appealed to me not to insist upon this amend­ .after they had left their companies as late as June, July, or Au­ ment; and in deference t.o their wishes, because in all probability gust, 1865, they are technically charged with desertion. These their bills could not be otherwise considered, I yield. I have no .are cases in which men simply concluded that the war was over, such constituents myself; and, in abstaining from offering this that the country had no longer any need for their services, and amendment, I do it in deference to the wishes of those gentlemen that they would be a burden upon the Government if they re­ who have; butldo not really believe that the matter o~ht to be mained in the service, and felt that their families and society de­ incorporated in the Friday night sessions; still, I am not in a manded their presence and their exertions at home as bread­ position to insist uponit,and I simply give my opinion for what it winners; and because they do not come within certain general is worth. rul~ that had been adopted they can not have the charges re­ I will, therefore, withdraw the amendment which I offered. moved except by act of Congress. Mr. McMILLIN. I yield five minutes to the gentleman from Now, I assure the gentleman that the Committee on Military Missouri .[Mr. TARSNEY]. Affairs of this Congress scrutinize carefully every case that comes Mr. TARSNEY. Mr. Speaker, it was my purpose to have before them, .and they have not so far viewed with favor any in­ :said something in opposition t.o the amendment offered by the stance where one might be considered unfaithful, or considered gentleman from Alabama [Mr. OATES]; but as he has seen fit to as having left the service for the purpose of obtaining a. large withdraw the amendment, it is unnecessary for me to-occppythe ' bounty, or for any other disreputable purpose, but have estab­ attention .of th~ House. lished a rule of action which will yield such relief only to men [Cries of "Vote!" "Vote!"] who must be regarded as patriots and soldiers worthy of the relief. Mr. McMILLIN. I now yield to tl;~,e gentleman from Missis­ Mr. HARRIES. Will the gentleman yield to me for a ques­ sippi [Mr. HOOKER]. · tion? Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, the resolution MT. OTITHWAITE. Certainly. offered from the Committee on Rules, presented by my friend Mr. HARRIES. I want to ask if the Committee on Military from Tennessee, it seems to me, makes an unnecessary restriction Affairs have adopted a rule providing that they will not report upon the power of the House to adjourn at any time. The cus­ favorably upon any case covered by the general law? tom has prevailed in many Congresses before this .of having these Mr. OUTHWAITE. They certainly have. Friday night sessions, which are held for the purpose -of consid­ Mr. PICKLER. Will the gentleman yield to me for a ques­ ering private pension bills, introtluced for the purpose of putting tion? on the pension roll those persons who do not come within the Mr. OUTHWAITE. Certainly. general law upon that subject. There is never a quorum here, Mr. PICKLER. Is it not a fact that many of these men are I believe, at any time during these sessions, and it is therefore now growing old, and their children as well as themselves are putting it out of the power of the House, if you .adopt the resolu­ desirous of clearing their records before it is too late? tion which my friend from Tennessee has presented from. the Mr. OUTHWAITE. In many cases the purpose .of introduc­ Committee on Rules, to prevent this session. I think that often­ ing the bill into Congress is simply to remove a stain upon the times bills are passed that ought not to be passed without a quo­ name .of the soldier which ought not to have been ;put upon it; rum. I remember in one case a gentleman on one o.f those even­ because in some instances superior officers have insisted that men ing sessions at which I hanpened to be present moved to pension should be charged with desertion who had dropped out of the a soldier of the Seminole war. Opposition was made to it, by say­ ranks on account of physical disability, and who did return to ing that there was no law justifying a pension of that sort, and the service, but not within the time prescribed by the general he said: "Very well;-if you do not pass my bill I will stop this statutes. whole matinee. You shall not pass another bill." So that any Mr. ELLIS. Will the gentleman yield to me for a quastion? man, by raising the point of no quorum,

The House divided; and there were-ayes 130, noes 3; so the Mr. REILLY. Mr. Speaker, as I understand from the reading previous question was ordered. of the resolution reported by the committee, it provides for the The SPEAKER. The question now is on the amendment of consideration of bills to remove political disabilities and also the gelltlema:q from Mississippi [Mr. HOOKER]. charges of desertion. I think the resolution ought to include Mr. PICKLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a parliamentary in­ only such cases as have been reported by the Committee on Mili­ quiry. tary Affairs or the Judiciary Committee. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Mr. PEEL. I demand the regular order. Mr. PICKLER. Do I understand that if that amendment is Mr. REILLY. I ask unanimous consent to modify the resolu- ~opted· the House will be obliged to take action every Friday tion in the respect I have indicated. • afternoQn as to whether we shall have an evening session or not? The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Not at all. demands the regular order, which is equivalent to an objection. Mr. OATES. Let the Clerk report the proposition of the Com­ Mr. REILLY. I think the gentleman from Arkansas did not mittee on Rules and then the proposed amendment. hear my suggestion. Mr. McMILLIN. Mr. Speaker, if I can be indulged by unan­ The resolution reported by the Committee on Rules was again imous consent, I will state that the effect of the amendment pro­ read. · posed by the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. HooKER] is to Several MEMBERS. Regular order. l~ave it in the power of the House to adjourn over should it see Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I rise to a parliamentary in­ fit to do so, but if the House takes no action then there is simply quiry. a recess, as under the special order. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Mr. PICKLER. Does not that allow the majority of the House Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Under this resolution, which if to abrogate the rule? adopted will be a rule of the House, will it not be imperative on Mr. McMILLIN. It allows the majority of the House to con­ the House to take a recess? Can there be an adjournment? The trol itself. resolution says that the House" shall take a recess;" the imper­ Mr. PICKLER. But that is not so as to any other rule. ative word" shall" is used, and it seems to me that the House The SPEAKER. It has been always held that it was in the will be obliged to take a recess and will not have the power to power of the House to adjourn on Friday at any hour before 5 adjourn. · o'clock and the rule simply means that if the House is in session The SPEAKER. The Chair will state to the gentleman that at 5 o'clock, then there shall be a recess and an evening session. it will be imperative on the House to take a recess, provided But if the House adjourns at half-past 4, or any other hour prior the House should be in session; but if not in session, it can not to 5 o'clock, there can be no evening session under the rule. take a recess. Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. And that result follows The question being taken, the resolution reported by the Com­ whether the amendment of the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. mittee on Rules was agreed to. HooKER] is adopted or not. On motion of Mr. CATCHINGS, a motion to reconsider the The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks so. So far as the Chair ast vote was laid on the table. 1\nows, it has been always held that it was in the power of the ORDER OF BUSINESS. House to adjourn at any time on Friday before 5 o'clock, and the rule only means that if the House is in session at 5 o'clock, then The SPEAKER. The regular order is demanded, which is there must be a recess. the call of committees for reports. Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary Mr. BLAND. I ask unanimous consent that the call be dis­ inquiry. I understood the Chair to state just now, in giving the pensed with, and that gentlemen be permitted to submit their reasons for his ruling, that if the House should adjourn at half reports informally. past 4 on Friday, that would of course get rid of the evening ses­ The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks that the regular call will sion, notwithstanding the adoption of this rule. That would riot consume more time than the course the gentleman suggests. seem to imply that the House must sit until5 o'clock, and that Mr. BLAND. Very well; I withdraw my request. then, if there was no motion to adjourn, there must be an even­ ing session. I take it for granted, however, that the House SALE OF TIMBER LAND. might take a recess before 5 o'clock; or might vote to adjourn, Mr. MoRAE, from the Committee on Public Lands, rel?orted but that that would not necessarily prevent the evening session as a substitute for House bill 29 and House bill 5142 a bill (H. if no motion to adjourn over was adopted. R. 6656) to provide for ·the sale of stone and timber lands unfit The SPEAKER. The Chair will repeat. If the House is in for cultivation, and for other purposes: which was read a first session on Friday when the hour of 5 o'clock arrives, then the and second time, referred to the House Calendar, and, with the Chair, under the rule, declares a recess, but if the House is not accompanying report, ordered to be printed. in session at 5 o'clock of course there can be no recess taken under House bills of the following titles were, by unanimous consent, the rule. laid on the table: Mr. OATES. Let the proposition be reported by the Clerk. A bill (H. R. 29) to dispose of the timber lands of the State of The Clerk again read the report of the Committee on Rules. Arkansas at cash entry; and He read also the amendment of Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi, as A bill (H. R. 5142) to provide for the sale of stone lands in follows: Wyoming, as provided in the States of California, Oregon. Ne­ Provided, That nothing in this rnle shall prevent the House from adjourn­ vada, and Washington, under chapter 151 of the Supplement to ing over on any Friday fl the majority or the House so decides. the Revised Statutes of the United States. Mr. REED. That is an entirely useless amendment. RELIEF OF SETTLERS ON PUBLIC LANDS. Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a parliamentary in­ quiry. Mr. MoRAE also, from the Committee on Public Lands, re­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman.will state it. ported back favorably the bill (H. R. 5997) to amend section 2 of Mr. BUTLER. Do I understand that if the House is not in an act approved May 14,1880, being "An act for the relief of set­ session at5o'clockonFriday, having adjourned before that hour, tlers on public lands;" which was rea-d a first and second time, there is to be no evening session, but that by this amendment if referred to the House Calendar, and, with the accompanying re­ the House is in session at 5 o'clock and the majority desire to ad­ port, ordered to be printed. journ over they can still do so even at 5 o'clock, and by that means CLAIMS FOR ARREARS OF PAY AND BOUNTY. · vacate the evening session. . Mr. DOLLIVER, from the Committee on War Claims, re­ The SPEAKER. The Chair will state again that under the ported back favorably the bill (S. 1196) to facilitate the settle­ rule of the House when the hour of 5 o'clock on Friday comes the ment of claims for arrears of pay and bounty; which was referred Qhair, without any motion, declares the House in recess. to the Committee of the WhoJe on the state of the Union, and, Mr. BUTLER. But with this amendment could a member at with the accompanying report, ordered to be printed. 5 o'clock still move to adjourn? LEAVE OF ABSENCE. The SPEAKER. He could not; because when the hour of 5 o'clock arrives the Chair under the rule declares the House in Mr. STACKHOUSE, by unanimous consent, obtained indefi­ recess. nite leave of absence, on account of serious illness in his family. Mr. BUTLER. Then this amendment amounts to nothing. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL. Mr. PEEL. Mr. Speaker, I make the point of order that the Mr. PEEL. I move that the House resolve itself into the Com­ previous question having been ordered, debate is not in order. mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the purpose of The SPEAKER. The point is well taken. The question is on considering general appropriation bills. the amendment of the 2'entleman from Mississippi. The motion was ~reed to. The amendment of Mr. HooKER of Mississippi was rejected. The House accord.mgly resolved itsell into the Committee of The SPEAKER. The question now is on the report of the the Whole on the state of the Union (Mr. BYNUM in the chair), Oom.mi ttee on Rules. and resumed the consideration of the Indian appropriation bill. 1556 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

The pending amendment, offered on Saturday last by Mr. HAR­ ports show t.o be in actual attendance now. Of course I am not RIES, was- authorized to accept the amendment, and shall leave it to the Insert in line 9, after the word pupil, on page 47. the following: " Who ha.s committee, but if it pass at all it should be very much reduced. beeninattendanceatschoolforatleastthreemonthsineverytwelvemonths." Mr. JOSEPH. If the gentleman will permit me a moment, I Mr. HARRIES. I find in the Revised ·Statutes a provision will state that this amount also embraces the provision b9gin- that- nin,g at line 12- · The Commissioner of Indian Afrairs, subject to the direction of the Secre­ . That. not more than $6,4.50 shall be used for erect ing, r epairing, and furnish- tary of the Interior, is hereby directed to make and enforce by proper means mg buildin~ZS, etc. · such rules ami regulations as will secure the attendance of Indian children of suitable age and health at schools established and maintained for their That amount will have to be deducted from the amount avail­ benefit. · able for support and education. That provision would seem to be broad enough to authorize the Mr. PEEL. I understand that, but still the increase from Commissioner of Indian Affairs to enforce all needful regulations. $47,000 to $60,000 is quite a large one. I believe it to be more My impression upon reading the bill, and especially that portion than is required to support the pupils in attendance. of it in relation ·to Indian education, was that it offered nothing Mr. JOSEPH. After the amount covered by the proviso is de­ broad enough to constitute an incentive for the attendance of In­ ducted, it will leave only enough to support 300 pupils, and on that dian children upon the reservations. In view of the provision number I base my calculation. There are ample facilities there of law which I have just read, I ask permission to withdraw my for the support of that number of pupils. amendment. . Mr. PEEL. I do not think we will be warranted to go beyond The CHAIRMAN. The amendment of the gentleman from what are now in attendance, that is, 287. You base your amend­ Minnesota. will be regarded as withdrawn. ment on an estimated attendance of 300? Mr. JOSEPH. I offer the amendment which I send to the desk. Mr. JOSEPH. Yes, sir; and I am satisfied that they have to­ The Clerk read as follows: day that number of pupils. Theyhaveample room-foreveryone Amend lines 11 and 12, page 43, by striking out •· $!7,625 " and inserting of them. The difficulty is not as to the capacity of the school, •• $60,000." because there are ample facilities for their attendance; but the Mr. JOSEPH. Mr. Chairman, the object I desire to a~com­ amount provided here is insufficient. 1 think the committee will plish by my amendment. is to provide sufficient funds for the sup­ err in making provision for less than that number. port of the Indian pupils now attending the Albuquerque Indian The question being taken on the amendment of Mr. JOSEPH, industrial school. the committee divided; and there were-aye~ 11, noes 12. This institution has cost the Government something over $150,- So the amendment was rejected. 000, and is one of the largest establishments of the kind in the The Clerk read as follows: United States. Its efficiency is generally recognized-by the peo­ For support of Indian industrial chool at Carlisle, Pa., at not exceeding ple of the Territory I have the honor to represent here, and all $167 for each pupil, for transporliation or pupils to and from Carlisle school, and for the repair of buildings, $105,000: P?·ovided, That not more thau 15 000 I intend to ask in this amendment is that the committee appro­ o! this amount shall be used in repairing buildings: .And provided jurtner,1 priate sufficient funds to support the Indian pupils in attendance That no more Indian children shall enter and be educated and supported at at that institution. said school who have not attended some other school for a period of at least It will be seen by reference to the report of the Indian Office two years. that there were 287 pupils actually in attendance at the school on :Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I offer the amendment which I end the lOth day of the present month. Under the appropriations to the Clerk's desk. recommended by the Committee on Indian Affairs, if the recom­ The Clerk read as follows: mendations of the committee shall prevail and this bill pass as Strike out the word " five,·· in line 19, on page 4.7, a.nd insert in lieu ther eof originally reported, sixty of these pupils will have to be expelled the word ".tlfteen." or discharged from that institution. I therefore submit the amend­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Mr. Chairman, the amendment which ment to the consideration of the committee, which merely provides I propose to the bill now under consideration is intended to in­ for· the support of the pupils in actual attendance to-day on this crease the appropriation for the Indian training school located Indian school in that Territory. at Carlisle, wnere I reside. It is unquestionably the largest and I hope that the committee will agree to the incorporation of best institution of the kind in the COlmtry, and every reason the amendment on the bill. It is a very meritorious case and is which should appeal to the considerate judgment of intelligent recommended strongly by Gen. Morgan, the Commissioner of In­ and honest students of the Indian question favors the utmost lib­ dian A:ffai~·s. It is on the line of what the chairman of the Com­ erality in legislation and appropriation for its support. Its his­ mittee on Indian Affairs of this House said on Saturday last, that tory, plant, equipment, environments, and most unquali:fiedsuc­ the committee was willing to provide means for the support of cass combine to assure for it a bright· and beneficent future in those industrial schools to the full extent of their capacity; that the great work to which it is dedicated. It is situated in one of is, where they had facilities for the accommodation of more chil­ the most beautiful, fertile, and healthful valleys in the Union, dren the appropriations had been increased. This is the case in the midst of an intelligent, thrifty, and broad-minded people, now at Albuquerque, and this amendment comes within the pur­ ·with railroads, telegraphs, telephones, electriclight, and all the view of that statement. other facilities of modern civilized life. Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, I will state,asihavealreadystated The property which 1t occupies was selected in 1755 as the first on this floor, that the Committee on Indian Affairs, when pre­ military post west of the Susquehanna R.i ver, and was used by the paring the appropriations for these separate schools, had before troops of the English, colonial, and Federal Governments from them the report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and ob­ that time down to fifteen years ago. For more than a century it tained the average attendance at the schools; we then ascertained was enlarged, improved, and adorned by the Government from the increased capacity of the schools; and our whole purpose was time to time until it became one of the most eligible and delight­ to appropriate enou~h to pay the expenses of all the children that ful military stations in the nation. The most distinguished offi­ would likely attend m view of the enlarged capacity of the schools cers of the old regular Army resided there at some time during to accommodate them. Since the bill was made up and reported their service. Meade, the hero of Gettysburg; 'rhomas, who won to the House we have received from the Commissioner of Indian immortality at Chickamauga; Sumnet', and many others who Affairs a report showing the enrollment, the average attendance, fought on the Union side during the late war were there. There, and the number of children now in schools of this particular class. too, are pleasant memories Of Lee and Jackson and our own Gen. I find from this that at Albuquerque, in New Mexico, the en­ WHEELER, and numerous gallant soldiers .who cast their swords rolled number of pupils is 303, the average attendance 296, and and destinies on the other side. the attendance on the lOth day of February w~ 287. The esti­ Shortly after the close of the civil war the Government, for mate we had before us, furnished from the Indian Office, being reasons which wera inadequate, at least very unsatisfactory to our a special estimate, was for 250 pupils, and amounted in the ag­ people, discontinued the use of this station as a military post. gregate to $43,750 for this school. I believe the appropriation After it had been abandoned for a number of years and had fallen for the school at present is $47,000 and over. somewhat into decay, in 1879 the present Indian school was es­ Mr. JOSEPH. Yes,· sir. tablished there. Mr. PEEL. We had in ·addition to the amount estimated for The property at that time was worth at lea t $200,000 in cash for these puJ?ils something for repairs. school purposes, but was practically worthless for anything else. Now, smce the bill was reported, if it is in evidence that there The appropriations, as well as the school, at that time were small, are more children there than we knew of at the time or made and continued so foranumberofyears; but the charitable friends provision for, it would seem proper that there should be a pro­ of the Indian and of Indian education came forward and during portionate increase in the appropriation. But I think the amount the first ten years of its history contributed more than $80,000 for \ asked by my friend from New Mexico is very largely in excess building it up and improving it. They bought first, in 1881, a of what would be needed in view of any_probable increase. I valuable farm, at a eost of $20,000. think he should modify his amendment and reduce the amount, In 1882 they built the boys' quart-ers and a gymnasium, at an because that sum will support more children than the last re- expense of $29,000 in cash. They next built the girls' quarters. 18 2. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.·- 1557 t

at an expense of $11,000. They also put in a heating ~:r;td light­ savagery. Separation among the intelligent, thrifty farmers, ing plant for $12,000, and spent more than $20,000 additional for merchants, and mechanics of the land means civilization. The minor improvements. So we have had contributed by these peo­ experience of the Carlisle school shows clearly that the average ple, to a property that was practically worthless to the Govern­ Sioux, Apache, Comanche, and other least-advanced Indians ment, nearly: $100,000 incash, The Government during this pe­ leal'n to speak lj::nglish and become capable and industrious wage­ riod also expended some money. In 1887, as the gentleman from earners in civilized pursuits in less than two years when placed Texas (Mr. KILGORE] will remember, they appropriated $16,000 in English-speaking and industrious surroundings on the plan to the purchase of another farm adjoining the property on the which has been followed at Carlisle for the last twelve years. east, and from time to time during the last twelve years have All kinds of schools should inexorably break up the tribal expended the balance of nearly $100,000. bonds and lead out into the broad arena of useful citizenship. I · The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. do not know any more striking _exhibition of the superiority of Mr. REILLY. Mr. Chairman, I rise to oppose the amend- the Carlisle system as compared with the reservation schools ment. _ than the very recent action of "the New York City Indian As­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. sociation," who have had many years' experience with the Indian REILLY] is recognized. schools on the Seneca Indian Reservation, in their State. They Mr. REILLY. I yield my time to the gentleman from Penn­ now ask the Legislature of New York to appropriate $10,000 to sylvania [Mr. BELTZHOOVER]. pay the expenses of sending their Indians to Carlisle. The lan­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Therefore, we have a school, begin­ guage of their petition is a strong, earnest, and emphatic pro­ ning with a property thal:. practically cost the Government noth­ test against reservation schools for the very reasons we have as­ ing, with 147 pupils, now worth to the Government at least$500,- signed. In the same line the honorable Commissioner of Indian ; 000 in cash, and with an annual attendance of 1!000pupils. Here Affairs in his last report (page 56) says: we have a thoroughly equipped school that is capable of caring I am constrained to look upon these nonreservation training schools with especial favor as a.Jiording facilities for the most useful all-round practical for 1,000 pupils annually at no cost to the Government except the education. In addition to the ordinary elements or an English education absolute running expenses. There is a way of fixing the value the pupils receive training in the common industries and are brought into of this property at $500,000. close contact with civilized life. ew. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs in his last annual report [Here the hammer fell.] says that he has given careful, attentive, scrutinizing examina­ Mr. REILLY. I ask unanimous consent that my colleague be tion to the question of what it costs to equip and build an Indian allowed five minutes longer. training school that will accommodate 100 pupils, and he gives The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the it as his deliberate judgment that it cannot be done for less than gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. REILLY]. [After a pause.] $50,000. Therefore this school, that is capable of accommodating The Chair hears none. 1,000 pupils, is worth, at the same rate, $500,000. You have then Mr. KILGORE. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a in favor of the continuance of this school the utilization of this question? plant, which otherwise would be practically worthless, and if Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Just a moment, and I wiU answer gen­ you abandon it you will have to replace it with another, or else tlemen any questions they may ask. leave 1,000 of the Indians that are now being educated without It is also argued that the cost of transportation is an objection to facilities for education. In addition to this the report; of the the Eastern schools. I have already shown that, including trans­ Indian Commissioner for last year shows clearly and conclu­ portation, the per capita cost of education in these schools is one­ sively that while the average annual cost per capita of educating fourth less than in the West. But suppose the cost were the same, Indians elsewhere in the United States, at all the other schools, it is vastly better to spend the money carrying the Indian children is from $167 to $175, the average annual cost per capita at Car­ East, affording them the advantages of travel and putting them lisle is only $140; so that you have here not only the largest and right in the midst of the things they should learn and the people best school, but you have one that affords the facilities of educa­ with whom they should at the earliest possible moment assimi­ tion at 25 per cent less than any other. late, than to transport all the supplies from the East to the West Mr. SMITH of Arizona. Does that amount include traveling at an equal or greater expense. expenses? The Eastern schools, with the outing system, bring the stu:. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. That includes transportation and dents into actual personal and commerCial relations with the everything, and you are mistaken when-you allege that the cost better class of industrious people, and teMh them thrift and in­ of transnortation is against the Carlisle school; that is counted dependeiice and civilization by example. Nearly seven hundred in; and with transportation and all other expenses it is still 2-5 of the students at Carlisle, of both sexes, were out among the per cent cheaper per capita than any other school in the country. farmers of Pennsylvania and adjoining States during the last I do not propose to discuss the question whether the education year, and 97 percent of them gave entire satisfaction' to their em­ of the Indian is the proper solution of the Indian problem. r.rhe ployers and earned fair wages. The aggregate of the earnings vastpreponderanceofintelligentpublicsentimenthereandevery­ of these Indian boys and girls was over $20,000, of which sum where has settled that point irrevocably. The Government has they generously contributed $4,000 to liquidate the debt on the adopted that view and entered upon the work and can not afford new gymnasium. to take any step backward. Of the 30,000 Indian children in the We are bound to provide for these wards of the nation, not country more than two-thirds are now in schools, and when the only in obedience to the laws of humanity, but by solemn treaty remainder have been gathered in and all the Indian boys and stipulations, and still more on the general principles of justice. girls have been educated, as they are at Carlisle and elsewhere, We owe them in equity vastly more than the amounts stated and have taken the places of their fathers and mothers no sane in our contrMts for the purchase of their lands, for the advan­ man can doubt that a new light will break across the dark and tage in all our dealings was infinitely on our side. We are not drear-y horizon of Indian historv. voting them gratuities. We are only squaring the account for The schoolhouse is not only the citadel of civilliberty, but still a long line of dealing during more than two centuries with a . more the bulwark of Indian emancipation. Whether the Indians people who did not and could not understand their acts . shall be educated in reservation schools or schools established There is not a respectable court of equity anywhere that as an elsewhere is a legitimate subject of discussion, but it Ottghtto be original question would not cancel nine-tenths of all the earlier discussed coolly, deliberately, and dispassionately on the facts, contrMts and treaties made with the Indians. In .the very first without feelings of selfishness or prejudice; and perhaps a proper deal at Plymouth in 1621 the Pilgrim agents played the heathen solution of it is that the schools should be on the reservations Chinee on poor, old, confiding Massasoit by making him glori­ and off the reservations. Perhaps both kinds of schools will help ously drunk and equally content while they negotiated him out best to solve the problem of educating these people. of his lands. So it has always been. Within the last ten years It seems to me· that there can be no doubt but that the Indian we have obtained by treaty and otherwise from their original youths like all others will learn most rapidly by object lessons. owners more than 43,000,000 acres of land for utterly insignificant :Mr. DICKERSON. Will th~ gentleman allow me to ask him considerations. We have taken their lands and game, and all · a question? their means of subsistence, and some of our statesmen now Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Not now. In the gentleman's own threaten them with death if they refuse to settle down on quar­ time I will answer him any question with pleasure. That they ter-sections of land, some of them so arid that no man can live on must inevitably absorb information and character largely from them, and work like civilized people. their surroundings. That as long as they are in sight of the bane­ We are asked to submit to them the humane alternative of ful customs and habits and superstitions of their tribal associates working or being shot. The Indian, in his own way and on his they must be influenced by them. That when they are placed own ground, can earn a livelihood, but in the white man's way among the best people in the centers of civilization, where they he can not. Would it not be a fair reply to the abettors of this can not move without encountering with their eyes and ears what savage policy to turn them loose in the primeval fo_rests of Can­ they ought to learn, their progress will be infinitely better and ada or Siberia with the inexorable alternative that they should in the right line. Seclusion with t~em in their tribes means subsist there by the chase or be shot for their failure. When J ------,------~------

1558' CONGRESSIONAL Jl,ECORD-- HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

see the little brown-faced descendants of Massasoit1 and Philip, Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Not at present. and Logan, and Pontiac, and countless other mighty chieftains Mr. OTIS. Mr. Chairman~ I desire to offer an amendment, come trudging along our streets on their way to the school at Car- which I send to the desk. lisle I am reminded of the story told of the brave and brilliant The ame-ndment was read, as follows: Red Ja-cket when he visited t.he national Capitol half a century Add toline24, pa.ge 47, the words, "a.nd reached the age of fifteen years." 30'0. He was shown the panel in the Rotunda which represents The CHAffiMAN. There is an amendment pending. the landing of the Pilgrims, in which an India;n presents an ear Mr. OTIS. This is an ame-ndment to the amendment. of corn as a token of welcome. The old chieftain smiled and The CHAIRMAN. It is not in order at this time. said~ "That is good; for we know they came from the Great Mr. PEEL. -Mr. Chairman, before the vote is taken on the Spirit, and we ought to be willing to share the soil with broth- amendment-of the gentleman from Pennsylvania-- ers." Then he was taken to the panel containing the treaty of The CHAIRMAN. Debate on this amendment has been ex- Penn dealing with the Indians for their lands. His face became haust.ed. sad, and he turned away, exclaiming as he went: 'Ah, all's gone Mr. PEEL. Then I ask unanimous consent to speak five min- now.11 He knew that there had been too much friendly treating utes in opposition to the amendment. for the unsophisticated Indian, and a graphic picture of the ob- There was no objection. literation of a simple but mighty nation by diplomacy must have · Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman allow me passed befo~e the vision of the marvelous sa.vag~ who, De Witt to ask a question, because I would like to have him address him­ Clinton declared, was more eloquent than Cicero or Demosthenes. se_lf to a certain point. Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Will the gentleman from Penn- Mr. PEEL. I have only five minutes. sylvania explain the precise change which his amendment pro- Mr. STOCKDALE.. Mr. Chairman, before the genUema.n from poses in the existing law? Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] begins ! ·would like to offer an amendment Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Well, my time is about exhausted-- to the amendment. Mr. CHIPMAN. What do you want this $15,000 for? The CHAIR...T\d.AN. The Chair will recognize the gentleman Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I want the $10,000 additional in order after the conclusion of the remarks o1 the gentleman from Ar- to allow the Indian training school at Carlisle to have exactly kansas [Mr. PEEL]. what it had last year, so that it can educate a thousand pupils at Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, the reason why I think the amend­ an expense of $140 apiece. It ought not to be asked to take less ment of the gentlen;1.an from Pennsylvani ought not to prevail than $140 when others are to receive from $167 to $175percapita. · is this: The capacity of the Carlisle school now is estimated at I aak for it in the line of the arguments made by several distin- 800. As I said the other day, it was understood between the su­ guished gentlemen on the other side of the House that the solu- perintendent and those of us who have looked into this matter tion of this problem by the education of the Indian shall not be that if we increased the capacity of the buildings there and then stopped, thattheCommissioneroflndianAffairsshallnotbe ham- gave him $100,000 outside of tranBportation (which th!s amend­ pared, that the education and civilization of the Indians shall mentseekstodo),hewouldcal.,·ry1,000Indianpupilsintheschool, not be retarded, but the ap-propriation made shall be at least as and by the ai

Mr. PEEL. I think tb.-ey could. That is simply the capacity The CHAIRMAN. The time for debate on this amendment of the school. They have not quite that number:; the school is has expired, and the question is on agreeing to the amendment hardly ever filled to its utmost capacity. of the gentleman from Penll.Sylvania. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. They had 984pupilsla5tyearthrongh The question was taken; and on a division there were-ayes 40, the year. c, noes ·48. Mr. PEEL. I do not remember as to that~ Mr. BUTLER. No quorum. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. That is the fact; and the capacity of TheCHAIRMAN. Thepointoforderbeingmadethatnoquo- the school, as the Indian Commissioner and Capt. Pratt, the super- rum has voted, the Chair will appoint tellers. . intendent, say, is 1,000. Now, in them.idstof thesolutionof this Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, I think there is a misundet'­ problem, would .it not be right oo give them enough money to standing a.s to the announcement of the vote. I ask the Chair run the school to its capacity? again to announoo it. fHere the hammer fell.] The CHA.IRMAN. The Chair has announced the vote as ayes The CHAIRMAN. The Clerkwillreporttheamendmentsent 40, noes 48. to the desk bythegentlemanfromMississippi{Mr.STOCKDALE]. , Mr. BUTLER. Then I withdraw the point of no quorum. The Clerk rea"Hiawatha and Minnehaha were creatures of · tion under which Capt. Pratt and the management could have fiction, and that the dirty, degraded squaw and the poor cruel, charged $167 per annum for each pupil-- brutal Indian were very different characters when you came in Mr. BUTLER. I can not yield to the gentleman for an argu- actual contact with them from what they were described in the ment. books and communications that in our boyhood we had been read- Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Justasingleinstant. Insteadofusing ing. that $167-- Now, do not misunderstand me. I am in favor of the educa- Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, I decline to yield~ tion of the Indian, but I am in favor of educating him on the Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Will the gentleman allow me to an- reservation at home; and when we come to the proper point, I swer his question? shall be .in favor of increasing the appropriation to help the home Mr. BUTLER. If the gentleman will answer it without mak- school, but I can not consistently aJ.d and assist a school that is ing an argument. so far away from the theater of operations. Mr. Chairman, it is Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Iwillansweritinaninstant. Isay in- not only thelndianschoolof the East that is begging for pupils. stead of using $167 they brought in pu.pils so as to increase the I have .in my possession, from the old East Hampton Academy number, and in equalizing the a!}propriation between the number in Massachusetts, information that they would like to have all of pupils they reduced the amount to $140. They did not limit persons who were educated there urge their friends in the West thelllEelves to the number that thel could have had at $167. to send pupils to East Hampton, because these Eastern people Mr. BUTLER. Well, the point lS that there a.ra 800 pupils, ca.n not fill np their school.lwuses, and they want to draw from and if it requires $140 for each it would make $112,0001 or $7,000 the children of the West to fill up their .academies. more than the committee have put it .into this bilL Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, when this bill was underconsid- Mr. BELTZHOOVER. The reaBOn is because it does not ac· eration before the subcommittee that matter was discussed, and tually cost 1140; 1130 oove1·s the 8illlount. we came to the conclusion that if we put in a proviso that no ;

1560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29, children should be recruited for that school unless they had gone ple everworkedfor in enfranchising the negro, was swept utterly to school somewhere else for two years, it would be an ample from the faceof the earth by a relentless and unnecessarily cruel safeguard. The limitation of age will be a very uncertain one, war. . and disputes will necessarily arise if there is any contention The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. about the age of a child; for remember that the Indians do not Mr. PICKLER. I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman ~ee p a record of births and marriages as accurately as the most have five minutes more. enlightened people of the United States do. We thought that it There was no objection. would be very seldom that too young a child would be taken to Mr. STOCKDALE. I said that we commenced together to re­ the school, provided all the children sent there had attended claim the country over which desolation brooded, and voice of school somewhere else for at least two years. It would hardly despair was heard in aU her- valleys. We are trying to educate be probable that they would get there under 12 or 13 or 14 years these people of both races. I think it was commendable, and the of age; and it is important that these schools, which perform the reply came, "Why we gave them the right to vote." Thatis the larger part of education, should begin with the children as young only thing that the Republican party has ever done in their favor­ as the circumstances will permit; because the older they get and only given them the right to vote, and to vote against their own the longer they follow the instincts and habits of their race, the people, against their own interests, and when we have educated harder it is for them to change their natural ways to what they the negro to some extent, they want to crush him down and ruin call the white man's ways. Therefore, I think it would be better what he has accumulated and what the white people have accu­ to leave the bill free ·and unencumbered in that respect. The mulated during twenty-five years of toil, privation, and economy proviso that we have in the bill is, I think, a proper one, but the by a system of legislation that I have not the time to describef limitation as to age, I think, had better be left out. Now, as to what I want to do with thiS and other institutions. The amendment was rejected. I will vote for a bill turning this school body and eoul over to Mr. KILGORE. Mr. Chairman, on last Thursday, just before the good State of Pennsylvania-make it a gift to them, and we the hour of adjournment, I sent an amendment to the Clerk's will make money by it. desk and asked that it be printed in the RECORD. That amend­ Mr. HOLl\{AN. Certainly. ment would properly come in with the paragraph that has just Mr. STOCKDALE. I say I want my people let alone to edu­ been read. It is printed on page 1480 of the RECORD, and I now cate our own people, and not thrust into the discussion here a call up that amendment for consideration. matter that does not belong to it-criticisms of our people. All The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has recognized the gentleman we want you to do is not to rob us tO educate this other race when from Mississippi [Mr.. STOCKDALE] to offer an amendment. If the we have another race to educate. You are taking the money out gentleman from Texas [Mr. KILGORE] will withhold his amend­ of the United States Treasury, and 1,289,000people in Mississippi ment until after the amendment of the gentleman from Missis­ pay perhaps $25 per head into the United States Treasury to be sippi [Mr. STOCKDALE] is disposed of the Chair will then recog­ appropriated in this way, or rather a part of it. We work from nize the gentleman from Texas. The Clerk will report the dawn until twilight. We have 4:,000 schools and we have 3,600 amendment of the gentlemen from Mississippi. colored teachers, a thing that tloes not occur in any State in this The Clerk read as follows: Union. Amend by striking out the words " one hundred a.nd five, " in lines 18 a.nd In the State that the gentleman represents there are none. I 19 on page 47, and insert the word "fifty" instead thereof. have looked through the statistics of the Northern States, and Mr. STOCKDALE. Mr. Chairman, my opposition to some in every case almost there is none; but they would take the provisions of this bill, including this and other items appropri­ money from the national Treasury for the purpose of educ~ing ating for Eastern schools, is not because of any hostility at all to the Indians, no matter how much money we expend in connec- the Indian on my part, nor is it intended as a criticism upon tion with the great work we are performing in Mississippi. · those who are conducting the work of educating the Indian. I had several letters yesterday, and one was from the great I never have put it upon that basis. People who believe that State of Pennsylvania. The party who wrote it said: "My ex­ the present policy of the Government is the proper one are, I changes are cursing you." Those words struck me with force, have no doubt, ill earnest in it and think it is the proper way because these people, strange to say, who claim to be the great­ to expend the money of the United Sta~s. I think it is not, and est of philanthropists in anything they do, curse when a gentle­ there is the wholeissue betweenmyself and gentlemen who have man rises in this House and asks that alittle less money be filched charged me, both in and out of this House, with opposition to from the people. They turn in and abuse him and villify him, the Indian educational scheme. There is another class of peo­ and try to blacken his character. What a schedule for philan­ ple that I think ought to be heard. And I will say that not one thropists. Have we not a right, in the name of God, to obey the man in this House who favors the present system of Indian edu­ voice of our people, and ask that a little less of our earnings be cation seems to have taken one thought for that class of people taken from the Treasury and squandered upon these schools. except the chairman of the committee, and he did it in a very The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expir·ed. modest and rather apologetic way. He did say at one time on Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, I do not desire to enter into a dis­ Saturday, vecy modestly and shrinkingly, that the committee cussion of reconstruction and the operation of enfranchising the did think that something was due to the people who furnished negro, or go into the question of negro education. I propo e the money. I think so, too. < while I am on the floor to try to go along with this bill. I want I felt r elieved when the gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] to say in reply to the gentleman that I have quite as much sym­ conceded that much. It may be a great work, and gentlemen pathy with the oppressed South as he or any man that ever lived who uphold it and say that it is a great work that they are en­ upon earth. But the war is over. We have got something else gaged in no doubt believe it; and the chairman of the committee to do. The gentleman asserts that such appropriations as this has become so enthusiastic that he denotes himself, "'Are who are will amount to $25 per head to the people of his State. If that engaged in this work." What work? Why, the committee have were true that would make this bill about $30,000,000, while the only to determine how much money shall ba appropriated in this bill only carries $7,000,000, and something like three-fourths or way and have nothing more to do with the problem of educating two-thirds of the amount is money which this Government owes the Indian. Is there no limit to the appropriation of money ex­ to these Indians, and which they have in the Treasury belonging cept. to say that you are engaged in a great work? to them. Gentlemen on the Republican side may well be in favor of these If the gentleman thinks the Committee on IndianAffairs have additional appropriations, and I do not wonder that they are; been extravagant, he ought not. The estimates of appropria­ for every dollar that is expended by the United States Govern­ tions for the entire public service of the United States of every ment is that much weight to compel a high protective tariff. de cription come officially from the Treasury Department to the They can afford to be generous because they spend other people's different committees that have charge of the appropriation bills. money, and every dollar they spend they make more. But we They are made by officials of the Government who are presumed who pay the money and get nothing out of this high-protective to know something of the amount of money needed by: the coun­ tariff that this is one of the means of supporting are not so en­ try. The amount of estimates that come to the Committee on In­ thusiastic. dian Affairs for this appropriation bill was $8,603,970. 76. It has gotten to be rather a risk for agentleman to say that he Our appropriation is more than a million dollars under the does not want the money in the Treasury to be thrown away be­ estimate, and more than $600,000 under the appropriation of last cause his people have to pay it. year for similar purposes. We have been as economical as pos­ The other day I spoke in opposition tb taking this money away sible. I wish to say to the gentleman from Mississippi that I do from the Treasury and impoverishing the people where I live, not lose sight of my constituents or of the taxpayers of this because we have a people of our own to educate. The voice came country when I go to appropriate a dollar, but when the official in bitterness and in cruelty, as I thought, "The South has only responsibility rests upon me as a member of this House to reo­ done their duty by educating the negro, because the negroes commend appropriations to meet the current expenses of one of worked while other men were at leisure." He either did not the branches of this Government, my constituents are of such a know that all the negro ever worked for, or that th~ white peo- character and of such intelligence as to know that it takes money 1892, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1561 to defray these expenses; and it is useless to be harping contin­ elsewhere, but also the result in the succeeding pel'iod into which uously here upon the amount of money that we are appropriating this work may be continued. when the appropriations are absolutely necessary. I state these different itelJ,lS to call the attention of the Chair Now, if the gentleman's amendment to cutdown the approprj­ t-o the fact how very difficult it is under the language of the rule ation for this Carlisle school to $50,000 were to prevail the result to determine whether a specific amendment does in fact reduce would be that the service would be destroyed. Would that be expenditures or not; but it seems to me that where an exception economy? Would it be economy to ·suspend that work after the to the rule is being made the burden of proof is clearly upon the Government has invested hundreds and hundreds of thousands proposer of the amendment to show that his amendment will .do of dollars, to cut it in the middle, and to turn ba.ck and quit? I precisely that thing. do not suppose that any intelligent constituency, I care not The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will call the attention of the whether it be in Mississippi, inArkansas, or anywhere else, will gentleman from New Jersey to the fact that the only difficulty indorse such "economy" as that. We have plenty of mattersin appears to be whether there is a change of existing law. If the which to economize. gentleman can cite any law which would bechanged by this pro­ I say to the gentleman now that I· am ready to vote for a bill vision, it is clearly not in order; but unless there is some change that will cut down the salaries of the officers of this Government, of existing law the Chair must entertain the amendment. including my own, at least 25 per cent. The salaries of the Gov­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. In the first place, there is ernment officers and the number of those officers have grown be­ no law authorizing any officer of the Government to sell that yond the capacity of the people to maintain. There is the place property at Carlisle. There is no provision upon our statute to commence economizing, and I repeat that I am ready to join book authorizing the course of conduct described by this amend­ hands with the 2'entleman or with anybody else to reduce the ment. That school is the property of the Government; the title salary of every man who receives more than it is within theca­ is held in fee by the Government; without the authorization pro­ pacity of the people to pay. When these salaries were fixed posed in the amendment no officer could convey title to the money was plentiful in the country, property brought a good property. price, labor was better paid than it is now, and these salaries The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks the amendment is ob­ ought to be reduced so as to make them commensurate with the noxious to the point of order. The point made by the gentleman present values or the property upon which the people have to from New Jersey is sustained. pay taxes to meet these expenditures. Mr. HOLMAN obtained the floor. Mr. STOCKDALE. Mr. Chairman-- Mr. KILGORE. We would like an opportunity to discuss the The CHAIRMAN. Debate on this amendment is exhausted. point of order. The question was taken, and the amendment of Mr. STOCK- The CHAIRMAN. Discussion upon a point of order proceeds DALE was rejected. by permission of the Chair; and when the Chair has reached a Mr. KILGORE. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment which decision it is presumed no gentleman would wish to occupy further I send to the desk. time. The amendment was read, as follows: Mr. COBB of Alabama. -I wish to suggest that there is only a. Add as a. new section: part of this amendmet which can be considered out of order. "After the passage of this act no Indian pupil shall be received at the ex­ That portion can be struck out. pense in whole or in part of the United States a.t any school except the res­ The CHAIRMAN. When the amendment is offered in a modi­ ervation schools proper; and after this Indian pupils now in schools other than reservation schools shall have completed the course as now provided fied form the Chair will rule upon it. for it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to sell all property Mr. COBB of Alabama. I will ask "that the amendment be of the United States used for such school purposes, and hold the money so modified by striking out that part which provides for the sale of arising to be disposed of as shall hereafter be directed by Congress." this property. Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I reserve The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Indiana. [Mr. HOL­ the point of order on that amendment. MAN] has been recognized. The gentleman from Alabama can The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state to the gentleman from offer his amendment in modified form later. Texas that there are amendments already pending to the section Mr. HOLMAN. I offer the amendment which I send to the under consideration, and therefore he can not be recognized at desk. this time to offer a new section. ' The Clerk read as follows: Mr. KILGORE. I intended that to come in at the end of this Insert after the word " pupils," in line 17,:0age 47, the words "now attend­ paragraph. If it appears to be offered as a new section that is a ing said school;" and in line 18 strike out "Darlisle school" and insert" the mistake. same.'' · The SPEAKER. If the gentleman desires to offer it as a pro­ Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Chairman, this proposition is practically viso to be added to the paragraph now under consideration, that the same as that of the gentleman from Texas, except that it does is another question. . not propose to dispose of this property. I hope, Mr. Chairman, Mr. KILGORE. That is what I propose. that this question will be distinctly understood, for I am confi­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. Mr.Chairman,Imake the dent that those who have studied it, not theoretically, but on the point of order upon the amendment that it is new legislation and ground, are unanimously of the opinion that this education should that it does not reduce expenditures. take place on the reservations. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will hear the gentleman from Mr. Chairman, this House a few years ago appointed a com­ New Jersey on that point. Merely being new legislation does mittee to investigate this subject and kindred matters connected not make it out of order, but if it makes a change of existing with Indian affairs. That committee submitted to the House are­ law-- port in1886 recommending '' that the moneys hereafter appropri­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. It does change existing law. ated for the education of the Indian children be applied to the es­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is open to conviction on that tablishment and support of industrial and boarding schools on point. th~ respective reservations, except that provision be made for Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. My point of order is that sending the more promising children of both sexes, after passing the amendment does change existing law, and that it does not through a course of instruction at the boarding schools, to insti­ reduce expenditures. As to whether it will -reduce expenditures tutions of higher grade." or not, that is a question of fact, and the burden of proof is on That opinion was concurred in by my friend from Arkansas the gentleman who offers the amendment to show, when the point [Mr. PEEL] and Mr. Ryan, of Kansas, then a member of the House, of order is raised, that the amendment itself will have the effect now our distinguished minister to Mexico, Mr. Cannon, of illi­ required by the rule to make it in order; in other words, the gen­ nois, so long a leading member of this House, gentlemen in whom eral rule is that new legislation, any change of existing law, is this House has, I know, entire confidence. These gentlemen all not permissible upon an appropriation bill, unless in a certain concurred in that opinion. They went farther in their report exceptional case. and declared it a cruel proceeding to take these Indian children Now, the general rule being as I have said, it seems to me that from their mothers and fathers to remote regions of the country, the burden of proof is upon the gentleman who offers an amend­ these parents not comprehending the purpose of the separation mellt to show that it comes within the exception. To do that, a and being left to weep for years for the loss of their children. num'Mr of different facts will have to be looked into and ascer­ On this question I ask to have read from the report of that ta!~d. The determination of that question will be affected by committee the opinions of two very eminent men. This book is the price which the propert;v brings, by the circumstances of the full of information on this subject. Almost every leading edu­ sale, by the net amount which it will bring into the Treasury, cator amongst the Indians was interrogated. Among them, Rev. and also by the question whether these pupils can be maintained L. Van Gorp, living among the Flathead Indians, and Rev. Wil­ hereafter upon reser-vation schools at the same cost, or at a less liam J. Cleveland, an Episc_opal minister at Pine Ridge, S.Dak., cost, than they are now maintained for at Carlisle. Further, in give their opinions. I hope the House will notice what they said. the determination of that fact we must take into consideration lt will be seen that they consider calmly and dispassionately tlie not only the difference which will exist this year at Carlisle, or effect of removing the children from the reservations for educa- 1562 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

tional purposes. I ask that the extract I have marked in the sional intercourse with their parents, who came miles and miles statement of the Rev. W. Van Gorp may be read. to see them, which seemed to satisfy the child and make him The Clerk read as follows: more interested in his studies, I say in schools of that character, In my humble opinion it is far preferable to have this education imparted where this condition prevails, the advancement of the Indian was to them in schools located upon their reservations rather than at points re­ marked and the effect upon the tribe was most beneficial. mote rrom them. Among Indians a1fection is surprisingly strong between parents and their otrspsing, and vice versa; they will hardly consent to a long Mr. WILSON of Washington. Will the gentleman yield for and distant separation. or if they do so, through pressure of promise or present, a. question? You are in favor, as I understand it, of the educa­ they usually soon repent of it, and if they could recall their children they would, tion of the Indian children on t he reservations? as a rule, be quick in doing so. The fact is well known to all those who have had occasion to take Indian children to a distant school that if not taken Mr. HOLMAN. Decidedly, on the reservations. And I want away at once, and the very hour or day that consent to their departure was to mention an instance which will illustrate what I desire to ac­ somehow secured from their parents by coaxing, or presents, or the like, a complish. Let me say first, though, that I regard it better for change of mind on the part of those parents is almost inevitable. A feeling of mutual lonesomeness, sadness, and unhappiness is the consequence, a con­ the child himself to be so educated; but, in the second place, it sequence best known to those whose calling brings them in trequent contact is a more hUinane policy. Kind as these good people are in either with the children or with their parents. Should any of the children Pennsylvaniaand in Virginia. to the Indian children, It is more ha.p1)8n to die whilst otr at school, the result will be a. feeling-of dissatisfac­ tion on the part of the parents and relatives with those who have taken humane to...,educate them on the reservations than to remove their children away !rom them. It is especially in case of sickness that In­ them and undertake their education at a great distance, where dian a.ftection manifests itseU, and they seek to be near one another. they can not see their yarents or their parents can not see them. Experience, moreover, shows (whatever may be claimed as the cause, whether climate or food or surroundings or the like) that transportation to And, thirdly, the fact IS that by this system you educate not only a. ditrerent country is detrimental to the health of the Indian. They are most the Indian children, but the whole tribe. It creates at the same thoroughly adverse to remove to a ditrerent locality, even when they them- time a very kindly feeling towards the white people. ~ selves feel and are persuaded that it would be for their good, and at times when the most substantial inducements are held out by the Government for But to illustrate by a single instance, as I was saying. When them to do so. The children share the thoughts and feelings of their parents. we were at the Rosebud Agency a very excellent gentleman, Removal, therefore, to a distant school, instead of proving a. premium upon Mr. Wright, was agent (in 1885) at the time this committee made their application and advancement, will rather be looked upon as a. dreaded result of the distinction they may attain. its inspection. An old Indian mother came to the boarding Mr. HOLMAN. Alsothefollowingextractfrom the testimony school-you find the same condition at every agency where there is such a school-the old Indian mother came there to see her of the Rev. Mr. Cleveland. girl. She must see her little girl, a child of 7 or 8 years ol The Clerk read as follows: age. She saw the child, talked with her perhaps an hour or Pupils educated in the midst of their own people, and in the face of the old life which we endeavor to induce them to abandon, are subject to no shock two, or sat in silence side by side on the ground as is their habit, or disappointment in going out from the schools to the camps and to take and then the agent gave the old mother a basket of food and she up again their life in their respective homes, and are, on that account, much started back on her weary journey of 90 miles and the little girl stronger to maintain the standard they have acquired under the infiuence of their teachers. On the other hand, those who are educated at schools in returned cheerfully to her schooL Mr. Wright said this occurred centers of civilization are comparatively weak when suddenly returned among five or six times a year, and that it was a benefit to the child; their own people, and, so far as I have been enabled to observe, have but lit­ the child was more contented, studied and learned better, and it tle moral courage to maintain the standard acquired, and, exercising but little infiuence among the masses~ tend rather to tall back themselves into at the same time r,oothed and ameliorated the natural pain and the old ways, utterly dispirited. It is but natural that it should be so, and grief of the mother in being deprived of the society of her child. unless strong and active civilizing influences are kept constantly bearing No human affection is stronger than that of an Indian mother upon the people in their homes, and nuclei of civilization formed to which these pupils can return and draw strength, the work put upon them in those for her child. As I have said, this instance is not singular, but schools will, for the most part, fade out and be lost as water poured upon I am told that it occurs at all of these boarding schools on the the sand. reservations. [Here the hammer fell.] . I insist, then, Mr. Chairman, on the ground of humanity, on Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask five minutes more. the ground of the substantial advancement of the Indians t4em­ The CHAIRMAN. In the absence of objection, the gentle- selves, that while we educate the children, as 1 think we ought man will proceed. to, for it is a duty we owe to them, let them be educated in the There was no objection. midst of their own :people, and at the same time educate the whole Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Chairman, I wish to say that in enter­ tribe. That, I behave, to be the wisest policy that ean be pur­ ing upon this investigation the inclination of my mind was in sued in regard to this matter. I was told a few weeks ago, in "favor of these Eastern schools. Years ago I had charge of the reference to the school at Hampton, that not a single solitary appropriation bill which made the first appropriation for whll.t Indian remained there longer than he or she was absolutely com­ is known as the Lincoln Institute in Philadelphia. Mrs. Cox, pelled to remain. The moment the term expired the Indian the excellent lady who hasbeen here this session, washerethen, turned his face towards the West. Under such circumstances, and at her earnest solicitation thatfirstappropriation wasmade, can we perpetuate this system of remote schools? It is time that I address the House, therefore, as one who formerly believed that a change should be made for the better. In regard to the chil­ the policy or the Government was to bring these children away dren now at Carlisle, and at Lincoln Institute, anci at Hampton, from the reservations and educate them in the centers of civil­ let them remain and complete their course of study, and let the ization. But investigation entirely changed my views. children who are further advanced go to some institution nearer But these opinions in favor of reservation schools are numer­ to the Indian -region of country, say the institution at Lawrence, ous everywhere; wherever you find an intelligent, accomplished in Kansas, which is a very excellent one. They are then within Indian educator, whether he be connected with the Government striking distance, almost~, of many of the Indian tribes. Indian schools or not, the opinion is universa! in the Indian re­ [Here the hammer fell. J gions of our country, such as has been stated in this article just Mr. BELTZHOOVER was recognized. read, not only that it was far better to educate the child on the Mr. WILSON of Washington. Will the gentleman yield to reservation, for the effect of such education was not only to edu­ me to ask a question of the gentleman from Indiana before he cate the child but also to elevate the whole tribe, and at the same takes his seat? · time it was humane, it being cruel, in the judgment of those friends Mr. BELTZHOOVER. If it does not come out oi my time. ol the Indians, to take these Indian children away from their pa- Mr. WILSON of Washington. I wish to ask but a single ques­ rents and send them to distant schools. __ tion. I am not so certain but that I agree with the gentleman Mr. Chairman, gentlemen must understand that there are four in his statements; but-- classes of theseschoolshavingchargeof Indian education. First, Mr. HOLMAN. Why, of course, there is a school right there that great body of benevolent people who go out among the In­ in your own region at the Puyallup AR"ency which I understand dians and establish schools, and almost every single Christian is a most excellent institution. It ranks well. up with any in the denomination, if not, indeed, every single one, have schools on country, and as a. matter of fact, as the gentleman himself is the various reservations. Then there are the day schools. This aware, that whole tribe has been raised up by it. report shows that the day schools are valueless. Then the board­ Mr. WILSON of Washington. Of course we have in Wash­ ing schools, where the children on the reservation are taken care ington quite a. number of these small schools. .we have not only of .and educated, remaining four, five, or six years, and the uni­ the Puyallup school, but we have the Nisqually, the S'Koko­ versal testimony is that the best fruit of all is to be found in these. mish, the Quinaielt, the Yakima, and others. But why not go Then come the schools remote from the reservation. forward and appropriate $50;000 to locate a large school right The results of this last class are unsatisfactory; we did not find there? Why should we not have a school aside from the small in our observations a single instance where a child had gone from ones right amongst these very people and educate the children these remote schools back to the Indians, unless supported in there? Is the gentleman willing to go with me that far? some form or other by the Government-in some Government Mr. HOLMAN. Why, you have several of the best schools employment-who had not relapsed into barbarism; and this ap­ in the United States-- plied to girls as well as to boys, while those who were educated Mr. WILSON of Washington. But the Creur de Alenes are on the reservation, no great chasm existing between them and paying for their own schools. tkeir surroundings when they returned, constantly having occa- Mr. HOLMAN. You can not improve on the conduct of those

( 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE. 1563

schools, or the ability of the teachers. They are ahead of most to the discussions in the newspapers and magazines throughout of the echools in the East. the country, and to the report of the Commissioner of Indian Af­ Mr. WILSON of Washington. But what you are proposing fairs, and to the whole array of those whose informationis direct to do now, if I understand it, is to cut off this and give us noth­ and positive, and whose opinions are exactly and emphatically ing in its place. opposed to those of the gentleman. Mr. REED. Is the gentleman from Indiana willing to appro­ The New York City Indian Association, organized for the pur­ priate for purposes that he approves what he cuts off from pur­ pose of improving the condition of the Indians on the reserva­ poses he does not approve of? tions, particularly for the purpose of promoting the education of Mr. HOLMAN. Why, certainly I am; but we are not for the the Indians on the Seneca Reservation, have given years of atten­ present cutting anything off. tion to this subject, and as I have already said, with their ex­ Mr. REED. Then you are not trying to reduce the total? perience of ·years of reservation education, they are now asking Mr. HOLMAN. Oh, no; not for education. · that the very Indians educated on these reservations be sent to Mr. REED. I wanted to see whether that was so. Carlisle to be educated at the expense of the State of New York. Mr. HOLMAN. While I think this bill is too large, on ac­ The Commissioner of Indian .Affairs, who says he has given count of the army of employes, yet at the same time I am will­ yea1~ of attention to the study of the question, indorses emphati­ ~g to appropriate substantially the amount appropriated by this cally the same views in r-eference to the superiority of these bill; but I want to appropriate it where it will do the most good. Eastern schools over the reservation schools, and I will ask the Mr. WILSON of Washington. You are not attempting tore­ House to permit me to have read the language of the Commis­ duce it, but you want it expended at home instead of anywhere sioner of Indian Affairs on this very q uestion_as a part of the re­ ~se, and if necessary you will appropriate money to accomplish marks which I desire to make. It is found on page 60 of his re­ -that? port. Mr. HOLMAN. I want to benefit the Indians and not white The Clerk read as follows: people by a multitude of employments in the East. I am constrained to look upon these nonreservation training ..schools with Mr. REED. Will the gentleman from Indiana consent to have especial favor a.s atrording facilities for the most useful all-around practical education. In addition to the ordinary elements of a.n English education, what he out-s off from the appropriation for these schools added the pupils receive training in the common industries and are brought into to the general fund of a million dollars? close contact with civilized life. They become weaned !rom the reservation, Mr. HOLMAN. Yes, but we can not cut off any of this item have aspirations and hopes for a higher life awakened within th.em, become acquainted 'With the white man, and gradually learn to adapt themselves to for the present. the ways of modern life. I know the criticisms that are made on these Mr. REED. The gentleman says, "yes, but "-is the gentle­ schools, but my faith in them is unshaken. man willing to do that? By the "outing system," now in such successful o::pera.tion at Carlisle and beginning to take rooti in other places (see Appendix, page 151) , increasing Mr. HOLMAN. I shall be willing to do that when we make numbers of boys and girls will be enabled to find profitable employment in the reduction from the other. white communities, and will thus be prepared, a.s they could not be in any Mr. REED, When? other possible way, for absorption into our national life. Mr. HOLMAN. You can not abolish the Carlisle school all at Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I now ask, Mr. Chairman, to have an once. You must let the children get through their course of extract read from an editorial in the New York HBrald of Feb­ study. So at Hampton and so at the Lincoln Institute. ruary 17 .. Mr. REED. The gentleman is not striving for reduction now. Mr. HOLMAN. Will my friend allow me just one question? Mr. HOLMAN. Why, how can you make a reduction upon Does my friend put up these statements, found in newspaper clip­ these schools now? What I am looking to, and what I am ask­ pings1 against the sworn testimony of the Indian educators of the ing for is, in the name of humanity, that these children may be West? -educated hereafter on their reservations. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. When the gentleman adduces the Mr. REED. Then, why did the gentleman vote against my sworn testimony of the Indian educators of the West, and sub­ amendment adding $300,000 to the facilities for educating on the mits it to my inspection so that I can form an opinion I will reservation when the appropriation was for that identical pur­ answer him; but I have examined this question for myself, with posfl? Why does not th~ g-entleman answer the gentleman from this Carlisle school under my observation for twelve years, and New Mexico [Mr. JOSEPHjand the gentlemanfromArizona[Mr. I am a trustee of a college and belonged for years to the bOard of SMITH], who demand that education shall take place upon the public education at home, and I assert here and now that all he reservations in their Territories? Why did he refuse to vote for bas said against this Carlisle Indian school should not influence the appropriations that would do the very work which he says the judgment 'of this House.· ought to be done, in the name of humanity and decency? I will now ask only sufficient time to have the extract from the Mr. HOLMAN. But you are not proposing to reduce the ap­ New York Herald read. propriations for the institutions at the East? The Clerk read as follows: Mr. REED. But I propose to add the $300,000 for the other purpose, and you can do the reducing. [LaughMr.] TO EDUCATE YOUNG INDIANS. The members o! the NewYorkCityindianAssoclation, although organ­ Mr. HOLMAN. The proposition to add $300,000 was without ized for the purpose of rendering assistance to forlorn Indian tribes o! the any proposition to reduce anywhere. far West, have become impressed with the neglect at the Indians of New Mr. REED. Will the gentleman vote for the $300,000 if the York State and will present a petition to the Legislature requesting that an appropriation be made for the purpose of sending Indian boys and girls to reduction of the other is made according to his plan? the Carlisle Institute. There they can be taught industries and be subject Mr. HOLMAN. I will if you reduce the amount for these to strong moral influences, and so prepared for citizenship. Eastern institutions $300,000. • Although each of the reservations has a day school the schools have not proved adequate to the needs of the people, owing chlefl.y to the strong coun­ Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Does the gentleman from In­ ter influences which exist in the miserable home life of the tribes. It is ar­ diana want to abolish the Hampton and Carlisle schools? gued that the Indian -youth must be separated as far a.s possible from these Mr. HOLMAN. 0, we must educate what children are there. influences, and most of the parents begm to realize this fact. The tribes are allowed by the Government to remain upon their reservations, living indo­ Now, I wish finally to furnish ample facilities for the education lent, shiftless, immoral lives, and the children are subjected naturally to bad of all the Indian children on the reservations or near them, and influences. The friends of the Indians will ask the Legislature to take meas­ abandon in the course of time all of the remote institutions. ures to provide an appropriation that will be expended in their education. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I ask that the Clerk again report the .Mr. SMITH of Arizona. Mr. Chairman-- amendment of the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. HOLMAN]. The CHAIRMAN~ The time for debate on this amendment The Clerk read as follows: has expired. . Insert after the word "pupils," in line 7, page 47, the words "now attend­ Mr. SMITH of Arizona. I move to strike out the last word of ing said school." and strike out "Carlisle school," in the t:lighteenth line, and the amendment. insert the words " the same." TheDHAIRMAN. The gentleman is recognized. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Mr. Chairman, I have great respect Mr. SMITH of Arizona. Mr. Cllairman, the different ideas for the opinions of the learned gentleman from Indiana [Mr. that this committee has on the education of the Indian is again HoLMAN] on questions to which he has given serious attention. illustrated to the House. .Ae was so well stated by the gentle­ I am also familiar with the fact that a few years ago the gentle­ man from Indiana [Mr. HOLMAN] the great consensus of opinion man, with several other members of a committee, on a junket­ of those who know what they are talking about is that this in­ ing tour, gave a few weeks' investigation to this Indian question. stitution should be treated as suggested by him. I can not say Mr. HOLMAN. 0, several months. too much in praise of the very strong, able, and correct state­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Several months, including the whole ment of the case made by the gentleman from Indiana. On that time occupied in going and coming, I presume, and all the inci­ ground I think that thisamendmentoughttobe carried; I think, dental time occupied. But there are thousand's of people in this though, for the sim£1!,reason that it will sooner bring about the country, Mr. Chairman, who have given this Indian question a education of the In · , as suggested by those people who have life study, who are devoting to it their undivided attention, and studied-him closely. whose opinons, with the profoundest respect for the gentleman, I am.glad the gentleman from Maine asked the question of the ar~ entitled to vastly more weight than his. Among others I refer chairman of the committee; and if this is taken off I do not wish ) 1564 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29," one cent of it to go back into the Treasury of the United States, Carlisle school now? That is the question before the commit­ but that it shall be given for a sensible education of the Indian, tee. I notice that many g-entlemen misunderstand the object of and then increase it. the amendment of my friend from Indiana. The amendment Mr. REED. If you can get the consent of the gentleman from does not decrease this appropriation a cent; it does not add to it Indiana probably it will be done. a cent; it simply confines the appropriation made in the bill to Mr. SMITH of Arizona. I am trying all I can to get his con­ the support of the Indian children now enrolled and attending sent, and the gentleman from Indiana did consent that if this school at Carlisle. money were saved and taken from these schools it should be ap­ ~r. HOOKER of Mississippi. It simply withdraws transpor­ plied in this way. I believe he was in favor of that. tatiOn. Mr. HOLMAN. Certainly; that is my statement. Mr. PEEL. Yes, it withdraws transportation, and also the Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The gentleman says that that is his authority to add to the number of children at the Carlisle school. statement. So gentlemen will see that it does not take off anything from the I then believed in his sincerity, and as he has again said that appropriation or add anything to it. There is nothing taken off he is sincere in his statement, I advocate with all the more force the appropriation for Carlisle that can be added to the Western this amendment, because it will ultirp.ate finally in the education appropriation. There is no taking off and no addition about the of the Indian. Whatever is saved let the money be appropriated amendment. It simply relates to a matter of policy-- to the other schools, and it will have the effect, as I said, of ele­ Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. A policy which will eventually vating the Indian tribes. These schools should be where the In­ result in the destruction of the Carlisle school. dians can see them, and the best way is to have the schools so as Mr. HOLMAN. Finally. to educate the children in their midst, and let them see that Mr. PEEL. Now, I want to say to gentlemen, while giving the their children are feeling the impulse of civilization, and in that reasons why I am opposed to this amendment, that I am not at all way you will improve the Indians themselves. captious about it. I have no feeling about it. It is only a ques­ Mr. HOLMAN. If the gentleman will permit me a single re­ tion of good judgment. I might remark in the language of.one mark, five years ago, when we went to Arizona to see the who is widely known in this countri_ that it is not merely a theory Apa~hes at the San Carlos Reservation, we saw a school building that confronts us, but a condition. LLaughter.] If we were enter­ that had been erected for years, and it had never been occupied; ing now upon the enterprise of locating an Indian school at Car­ but the money had been spent in its construction. lisle I would oppose it bitterly. I would not vote for a dollar to' Mr. SMITH of Arizona. It is true that schoolhouses have add a single student or to add to the capacity of any Indian school been erected and have never been used. Then, in regard to this in the East, because I do not believe in the theory. matter of the Indians giving their consent to their children go­ As my friend from Arizona [Mr. SMITH] said, it is not the fault ing to the Eastern schools, the other day I asked a gentleman of the teachers or of the school; it is the fault of the policy . . Now, on the floor who was advocating these Eastern schools if he when we understand what the Carlisle school is and what it ac­ knew a single case in the history of·those schools where an In­ complishes, we shall be in a position to determine whether we dian was willing to give up his child to allow him to .come to ought to set out upon a plan which must ultimately result in the these Eastern schools for education. e.xtinguishment of the school. In connection with this subject I Mr. HOLMAN. My friend from Arkansas will remember that want to repeat again that in this b-ill we have inserted anew pro­ there was not an Indian who ever said that they had voluntarily viso with regard to the Carlisle school. Heretofore there has given up their children to come to the Eastern schools for educa­ been no restriction upon recruiting for that school; pupils could tion. be taken from any source whatever, whether they had previously Mr. SMITH of Arizona. In this connection I desire to say that attended other schools or·not; but in this bill we have inserted a there is a school in Arizona for which, when we reach that part of proviso that no more Indian children shall go to Carlisle unless the bill, I wish to ask for an increased appropriation. To that they have attended school for at least two years elsewhere. The school the Indian mothers do go to see their children in school and idea is to make it a school for advanced students. That theory, at work; and having seen them, they walk back 10 or 15 miles across I think, is the correct one; but as to extinguishing the Carlisle the plains, feeling satisfied on seeing that their children have school, the question now is, would it be good policy, inasmuch as not been taken away from under their influence. They are that school has got such a hold upon the country and has attained pleased that their children can go to school~ and that is because to such a position? it is a school in the neighborhood. [Here the hammer fell, but, by unanimous consent, Mr. PEEL I defy any fifty men in this House to find a member of the Mari­ was allowed to continue for five minutes longer.] copa tribe who would consent to send one of his children to the Mr. PEEL. The status of the. Carlisle school is simply this: East to be educated. In what I have just said I do not desire to The Government owns a large amount of property there; I sup­ be understood as saying anything in detriment to the Carlisle pose that the Carlisle school property, if duly appraised, would school. It is the policy that is wrong, and not the institution. amount to half a million dollars. The Government owns 120 or The people who conduct that school and who live about it are the 130 a{}res of land worth $125,000 or $130,000. It has expended most exemplary in the world; but it is against the policy under large sums of money in erecting dormitories n.nd other build­ which they are acting that I complain. You can take the money ings, and school appliances of different kinds, including shops of that is appropriated for that P.uryose and educate three children all descriptions, and the school is running under a magnificent in Arizona, under proper linntatwns, where it would educate one organization. They have what they call there the "outing in the East. Therefore, I believe that the amendment ought to system;" that is, the children are taught awhile in the school, carry, and that this school ought finally to be abolished. and then in the shop, and then in the cornfield, and then in the Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman-- garden, and after a certain age they are put out in families to Mr. STOCKDALE. I want to offer an amendment, if it is in learn farming, the care of stock, and the various pursuits of order.· civilized life. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman h·om Arkansas has the Now, to withdraw the support of the Government from that floor. school, or to stop the supply of pupils, ~s simply to provide for Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, I listened with a great deal of extinguishing the school in time, and the question is, what are pleasure to the very interesting remarks of my friend from Indi­ you going to do then with all this vast plant? Must it not be ana [Mr. HOLMAN] upon this subject. I want to say that I was a sacrificed? And is it not a question whether this is wise, espe­ member of the committee to which he refers and of which he was cially when that school is educating the pupils as it is now, at a chairman, and that I signed that report very cordially because I less cost per capita than any other school? . believed every statement contained therein, and so far as the Is it economy, then, to hold the school intact but limit its re­ policy is concerned I believe in it yet. I have not changed my cruits to those children who are somewhat advanced so that they judgdment in that respect one particle. In fact, the more I in­ may not be taken from their parents when too small? vestigate the question the more confident I feel that the proper Mr. CULBERSON. How are the teachers employed? policy is to use our educational appliances on or near the reserva­ Mr. PEEL. 'l'hey are employed by the Government as in any tions, that is to say, in the climate and section of country in which other industrial school. There is a superintendent, an officer the Indians were raised and where they have to live. I have detailed from the Army, who has had the school in charge, and said that time and again upon this floor during the consideration I believe has had i.t ever since it was founded. The question of this bill. here presented is simply one of good judgment as to whether we The amendment of my friend from Indiana applies for the will enter upon a policy looking to the extinguishment of this present solely to the Carlisle school. There are other schools school, or whether we should foster it for a different purpo e in the East that we shall reach after awhile-the Lincoln Insti­ than that for which it has been used heretofore. tute in Philadelphia and the Hampton school in Virgini~and Mr. STOCKDALE. Who is the Army officer referred to by the same rule will apply to them; but there is a marked differ­ the geutleman? ence between the facts relating to the Carlisle school and those Mr. PEEL. Captain Pratt. Now, Mr. Chairman, loolring the relating to the other schools I have referred to. The question ground all over, I have come to the conclusion that it would be for us to determine is, What ought we to do in regard to the bad policy to undertake to break up that particular school, inas- 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. 1565 much as it has been supported so largely by gratuitous contri­ dian tribes of the West and locate them there, they' are subjected· butions of people in the East. to the surroundings of a civilized white community. They are Mr. HOLMAN. Is not the same true of the other schools? educated in the midst of a civilized white community; and when Mr. PEEL. No; we do not own a dollar of property at the they are sent out during the vacation of the school, or when there Hampton or the Lincoln school. We simply pay those schools is not much to do, they are located with the farmers of the great $167 per pupil for the education of the children. State of Pennsylvania, who live in a region, perhaps the finest Mr. HOLMAN. That is true. agricultural region of country on the face of the globe; for I be­ Mr. PEEL. The Government has no property interest there; lieve this region of country in the neighborhood of the Carlisle we simply appropriate $167 for the education of each pupil taken school, for a radius of fifty or sixty miles around it, is the old _charge of and educated by those institutions. The case is differ­ Lancaster and Buchanan district of the State of Pennsylvania, ent at Carlisle. There are there over 300 acres of land, 120 or 130 and is said to be the richest agricultural settlement in the coun­ of which have been bought-by the Government. The remaining try. There these children come in contact with enlightened land has been purchased by money given gratuitously, and is held farmers, and I remember well that everybody was most aston- _ now in the name of the institution. This land we can not take; ished to find wagons manufactured by the boys at that school we could only sell that in which we have an interest. equal in quality to those manufactured at the great Studebaker Mr. HOLMAN. Adopting the gentleman's view, would it not works, so famous t!J_roughout the West and South, where their be fair to provide that no pupil shall be educated except those wagons are well known. They also manufactured tin p1ates and who have graduated at one of the boarding schools on the reser­ tin cans, and many things of that kind, and the girls had become vations? I should have no objection to a provision of that kind. proficient as seamstresses, cooks, and in other domestic employ­ Mr. PEEL. I would have no objection if we could know what ments. grade of education is attained on the reservation schools. It Now, the proposition of my friend from Indiana is in this con­ might be so high that the pupils would not need· to go to any nection to strike down this very school, on the assumption that other schooL the sam~ condition of things exists and the same kind of educa­ 1\!r. HOLMAN. A four-year term is the period proposed, as tion can be effected amongst the tribes-- themselves at a less ex­ I understand. penditure of public money than in these schools of the East. I Mr. PEEL. I trust the gentleman from Indiana understands submit, Mr. Chairman, that the argument of the gentleman on thepolioyiam advocating. If this were a trivial matter I might that point is not tenable; that, on the contrary, these Indian be willing to abandon this institution; but that is not the situa­ youths, boys and girls, brought here and educated, receive a bet­ tion. If this were an institution about to be inaugurated I would ter education and are more fitted for civilized pursuits than is not ·be in favor of starting it at all. But, as I have said, 140 or 150 the case when the schools are located amongst the tribes them~ acres have been bought by gratuitous contributions and are held selves. :by the trustees of the school. There is a sort of partnership be­ And we are not without examples of the same kind. The hab­ tween the Government and the charitable institutions who have its of the civilized tribes in this country, the Rosses of the Chero­ beeri so liberal in their donations to carry on Indian education. kee tribe, has been to send their girls to be educated in Elizabeth, In the Forty-ninth Congress, when I first raised the question on N.J., and their boys to Princeton for many years past. They this floor in regard to the policy of transporting the Indian chil­ have gone back from the East to their Western homes having re­ dren from the West to the East and after educating them trans­ caived their education at these institutions, and !have seen before porting them back-when I looked into the matter, I found the the Indian Committee of this House men from the Cherokee N a­ condition of the Carlisle school such that 1 did not bell.eve we tion making aa intelligent speeches as any made in either branch could follow the policy there safely. It is a matter of judgment of Congress. for this Committee of the Whole whether we had better com­ I therefore oppose the amendment and think it is not founded mence to-day the policy of stopping further recruiting for that on good policy. school with a view to its final extinguishment. The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ [Here the hammer fell.] ment of the gentleman -from Indiana. The CHAIRMAN. In the absence of objection, the p -ro fotma Mr. HOLMAN. I hope the amendment will be again reported amendment of the gentleman from Arizona [Mr. SMITH] will be and that the paragraph will be read as it will stand as amended. considered as withdrawn, The amendment was again reported. There was no objection. The question was taken; and on a division there were-ayes Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I desire to say 31, noes 57. _ a few words in reference to the amendment of my friend from In­ So the amendment was rejected. diana [Mr. HOLMAN]. GentJemenhave discussed here the policy Mr. HOLMAN. Now, Mr. Chairman, I offer an additional of educating Indian children at home. Several years ago it was amendment. strenuously argued here that such a policy was not sound by The Clerk rea-d as follows: reason of the home situation and the condition of the tribes; it Strike out all after the words "have not," in the twenty-third linel and in­ was urged that the children after one or two or three or four sert " gra-duated at a boarding school on or near an Ind.ian reservat on or." years of education, as the case might be, would relapse into the Mr. HOLMAN. That proposition is in harmony with there­ barbarous condition of the" blanket Indian." Now, it chanced port made to the Forty-ninth Congress by a committee of which some years ago that I visited the Carlisle school as a member of the gentleman from Arkansas himself was a member, as well as the Indian Committee of this House. That was shortly after its the- gentleman from Kansas [Mr. Ryan], now our minister to Mex­ establishment, while Mr. Carl Schurz was Secretary of the In­ ico. That is, that when the children have graduated at the local terior. I found there a very large school, composed of both boys boarding school, where they have to take a four years' course, and girls, aggregating 300. I chanced to meet there a lady who they may be sent to the high school at Carlisle. I think the only three months before this visit of the Secretary of the Inte­ gentlemen of the committee ought to accept that proposition. rior and these members of Congress, ha-d brought on the cars a Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Will you allow me to ask a number of Indian boys and girls to the Carlisle school. She de­ question? scribed their condition when taken from the agency. I recollect Mr. HOLMAN. Certainly. that one of the pupils was a son of Spotted Tail; another of Red Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. What do you mean by "gradu­ Cloud; and I believe that of the children there, male and female, ated?" -there were only five or six who were not full-blooded Indians. Mr. HOLMAN. Well, what do you mean by" graduated?" She described the condition in which they came as "blanket" Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I mean a case where a boy takes Indians to that school, profoundly ignorant of everything pertain­ a degree at a college. Do you mean that? ing to civilization, and in a bad condition in all respects. They Mr. HOLMAN. I mean graduation, such as we understand it were put there and subjected to the discipline established for the in our schools at home, in our high schools, generally a course of government of the school for a period of three or four months be­ four years. fore this committee went there. When we arrived we found that Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Then you would deny the right the boys had been drilled to march by an officer appointed by the to a student who had been only three years or two years at a home ~ Government for that purpose. They were un.iformed, and the school? girls were also dressed in the uniform of the school. . We were Mr. HOLMAN. Oh, why does the gentleman talk about deny­ conducted through the various schools, they being organized on ing a right? They do not ask it. the principle of_teaching by object lessons; and the a-dvancement Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. But they might. that· both the boys and girls had made in that very short period Mr. HOLMAN. I am willing they should come if they want of time -during which _they had been subjected to this training to, but there is no such instance to be found. - was most astonishing, not only to the Secretary of the Interior, Mr. BELTZHOOVER. In the absence of enough of graduates but to every member of the committee of the Senate and House of Indian and other schools in the West this amendment would who went there. result, would it not, in the extinction of the Carlisle school at Now, a strong argument is made in favor of the Carlisle school, once? by those who favor it, that ~f you bring the children from the In- Mr. HOLMAN. If you could not find children to educate. I 1566 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

But the pretence now is that that institution furnishes better fa­ extent; and the capacity for educating the Indian children is re· cilities and a higher grade of education than the local schools on duced to that extent if it is determined not to continue the edu­ the reservation. That is the argument I am now proposing to cation of Indian children at that school. accept the force of, and to propose that these children who have Mr. STOCKDALE. Will thegentlemanyield tomeforaques­ been four years at these reservation boarding schools, and who tion. are well advanced, may be sent to Carlisle-those that wish to do Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Not just now. so. There is no objection to that. This plant is worth for school purposes $500,000. It could not Mr. WILSON of Washington. Will the gentleman allow me be sold t

' 1568 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

gua~:e. Talking with one young fellow, I asked him, " Are you CLASS 1891. going back to your people when you get through here?" He said, "No, not right away.' "Why?" I asked. Well,' re­ plied he, "I have saved some money here working around the ~----N_a._m_e_· -----1----Tl--·i_be_.____ ,: ______o_c_c_u_p_a_u _o_n_. ______country; I want to stay here and make some more, until I ~et Robert Ma.thews _____ Pawnee __ __._ __ _ Working on farm in Pennsylvania. enough to stock a farm." I asked," Why?" ' Well," answered Working in Chicago. he," my people "-I did not ask him who his people were; I am Jloes~h~t;:~~~~~ g~~a: : : ::: ::: Attending Dickinson College. Martin Archiquette .. ____ do ______Do. sorry I did not-" my people are rather wild, and I woul9. not Etta Robertson. ___ . __ Sioux ______Teaching at agency school. have a good time there if I went there with nothing· but if I J ohn Tyler __.. . _.. __ .. Cheyenne ______Dead. have money enough to stock a farm the case will be different; Yamie L eeds ______Pueblo ______Working for his parents. Wm.H.Troman ______Miami ------Living in Colorado. the Indian is like any other man· he respects one who is thrifty." Levi St.Cyr .------Winnebago ____ Working in school printing omce. Now, that is what this Indian said to me. I went into one Charles Daynett .. __ __ Peor~a. ______At home :in poor health, but now im- proving; entered Dickinson Col- room and saw some handsome lace curtains, not extravagant in lege. _ value of course, but very nice, and said to my guide ' Why, H s.rry Kohpay* ______Osage------Working in school tailor shop. does the Government provide this also? '· The response was, '' No; this was gotten up by the boys themselves out of their own t.Minneapolis. But I watched these children and saw none of that larking you ~~·s~~~~a.ii:: ~fiR:~~-=·:. :: Chief baker at Carlisle school. would find among the smaller boys in such a crowd, but a patient Thomas Wistuo ------Ottawa.---- __ __ Married and settled at his home. Joseph B. Ha.rris -· --- Gros Ventre __ _ Foreman in Red Man omce. interest in the proceedings, bent on hearing and seeing every­ Clara Faber __ _·_------Wyandotte ---- Attended normal school; now a t thing. But it was not the manner·of those who are ruled by fear. home. . 1 noticed all through the institution the respect and love and con­ Eva Johnson ------· ___ _do ______Graduated at city school; now teach­ ing. fidence which these children, who· have been rescued from bar­ Esther Milleo. ------Miami .... __ ---- Attending normal school, Peoria, Ill. barism, had for their teachers and above all for the superin­ JuliaPowlas ------Oneida ______Married an ex-student and has been tendent. I saw furthermore, when I went alone in the different teaching. halls, that there was a tendency among the children where they KatieGrindood ------Wyandotte---- Assistant at hospital; intends tc;> be trained nurse. could get a chance, males as well as females, towards the little Cecilia Londrush. ___ _ Winnebago ___ _ Teaching at agency school. luxuries of civilization. They like drawings evidently, and they like paintings;. they like all things that civilized children like or CLASS 1890. that children of a refined tendency like. I was convinced from that time that the Government has wisely expended money at '"- At college, Hasting, Nebr. Carlisle, and that it would wisely continue to do so. ~rtrr:~(ieTi~~~===~= ~~~~~~~:-== Wears blankets. I have nothing to say, Mr. Chairman, against the reservation Cooking at Pine Ridge Agency. schools. They are very excellent in their sphere. But the dif­ Attended high school and teaching. Howard~~~~~o~~~~==== Logan ______==== Winnebago~~,v-a:: =__~ == _ Clerking and county surveyor. ference between them as the civilizing agencyforthelndianand Dennison Wheelock.. Oneida _- __ .. __ Bandmaster at Carlisle and attend- that at Carlisle is the difference of the day and the boarding ing college (Dickinson). school. Talk of them being savages! We have some savages in GeorgeVallin ______Quapaw------Working at home. Stacy Matlock------Pawnee ______Assistant Fort Totten school as dis- my own town. They call them "toughs," but theyareassavage ciplinarian and assistant teacher. as the Apaches if you give them a. chance. They have children • William Morgan----- ____ do------Farming at home. who go to the schools, who are forced regularly to the public Nellie Robertson _____ Sioux ______Attending high school at Carl~le. schools, and we know what becomes of a good many of them; but Levi Levering ______Omaha------At college, Hastings, Nebr. Carl Leider ______Crow------___ _ Interpreter at Fort Custer. it is no argument against the public schools to find so many of Veronica Holliday ___ Chippewa. _____ • Lives at home with parents. their graduates relapsing into barbarism; nor is it any argument Julia Bent------Cheyenne------Working in Pennsylvania; supports herself. against the Carlisle school if you find some of its graduates going Benjamin Lowrie ____ Winnebago ___ _ Agency farmer, Winnebago Agency, back into savagery. Nebraska. I know, and many gentlemen of this House know, that if you Percy Zedoka ------KeechL ______, Working as farm hand in Pennsyl­ vania. get out West you will find men who have been bred in colleges Ben Thomas ______Pueblo _, ______Working for parents. and cradled in luxury, who go out among the savages and among the roughs of the border and become as savage aJ!.d rough as the 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1569 worst. But that is no argument against colleges, against edu­ for the higher education of Indians, well and good. The Gov­ cation, or against the civilizing effects of culture. I repeat that ernment can select and bring those young'lndians who are deemed in my judgment you can not more wisely expend this small of sufficient intelligence among the tribes of the West to receive amount of money than in sustaining the school at Carlisle. a higher education to this school. They could be brought to Mr. PEEL. I ask unanimous consent that debate on this par­ Carlisle to receive that education, and if so, inasmuch as we have agraph be limited to ten minutes. it, it might be well enough to maintain it; but it is not my opin­ Mr. HOLMAN. I hope the gentleman will make it fifteen ion that it ought to be maintained for any other purpose. For minutes. one, therefore, I propose to vote in the line ·indicated by my dis­ Mr. PEEL. I havenoobjection to fifteenminutes; but we have tinguished friend from Indiana [Mr. HOLMAN], and that is, to been spending so much time upon this paragraph that I want to prohibit the introduction of scholars to that school who have get along. not had two or three years' prior instruction. I shall therefore The CHAffiMAN. The Chair did not understand whether vote to confine the functions of that school to the purposes of the request applied to this amendment or to the whole paragraph. higher Indian education. Mr. PEEL. To the whole paragraph . . I do not wish to ex­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. clude amendments, but I wish to limit debate on the paragraph Debate on this amendment ha-s long since expired; but the Chair to fifteen minutes. has been tolerating itJbecauseof the importance of the question. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I object, unless I have an opportu­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I move to strike out the last word, and nity, within that time, to reply to the interrogatory of my friend I do so for the purpose of answering, as well as I can within the from New York. time allowed me, the pertinent inquiry of the distinguished gen­ Mr. PEEL. I hope the gentleman will not object. It gives an tleman from New York [Mr. FELLOWS]. It would require an opportunity for three gentlemen to talk for five minutes each. hour's speech, however, to marshal the evidence on the point Mr. BELTZHOOVER. If you will give me five minutes I will which the ~entleman raises. These charges of the lapse of the not object. Carlisle Indian students into savagery have been made, and they Mr. MANSUR. I want five minutes. I have been referred to have been refuted again and again by what seems to met<> be here and I want to say something. o•erwhelming proof. Mr. HOLMAN. Ithoughtfifteenminuteshad been agreed to. It would b3 impossible, however, to go over the evidence in the The CHAffiMAN. The Chair did not understand whether it time now available. All that I can command would be consumed was upon the amendment or upon the paragraph, and on restat­ by the statement of the first witness; -but in corroboration of what ing the question the gentleman from Pennsylvania objects. The I say, and to show how easy it is to be mistaken about a statement gentleman from Missouri [Mr. MANSUR] is recognized. made by gentlemen on this floor on this very question, permit Mr. MANSUR. Mr. Chairman, I tried as carefully as I could me to call attention to a statement made b_y the gentleman who to listen to the names arid occupations of those styled in the last addressed the committee [1-.ir. MANSURJ. In a speech a week paper read to us "graduates of the Carlisle school." I -do not or more ago he said, and he reiterates it to-day, that he met a know that I understand the meaning of ''graduated" as used, number of pupils from the Carlisle school at the Osage Agency but I am disposed to challenge the fact whether that list includes last May who had lapsed into savagery. all who have gone back to their tribes from that school. If so, it Now, the truth is, if the gentleman will bear with me, and I is a very poor showing, because certainly not ov~r fifty names have documents here that sustain exactly and fully what I say, appeared on those four pages read to us, out of eight hundred that there is not an Osage in existence who is not at Carlisle now kept at the school, and a very large portion of the fifty are from who has been there within the last five or ten years; and the In­ tribes known to be civilized and residing within the older States dian pupils to whom the gentleman refers were pupils who had and upon our border, whom we do not consider as "blanket In­ been sent between 1882and 1885 from the Osage Agency to Car­ dians " in any sense. lisle, and remained there, most of them, not over eleven months, I noticed, furthermore, it was stated that but one Osage grad­ and were then taken by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and uated from that school. It is very easy to determine the truth of put in a contract school in Pennsylvania, at Martinsburg,and what I said the other day, when I stated that the chief of police were there kept for three or four years under the mistaken policy of that tribe, in company with a gentleman of Osage blood, whose of the Government and educated as the gentleman found them. name, if I remember correctly, is Connor, a well-educated man The Carlisle school was not in any way responsible for the con­ who has repeatedJ.y been a delegate to Washington for his tribe, dition of any human b3ing that the gentleman or his informers pointed out to me atone time from twenty-five Indians in blankets might have met at the Osage Agency. Those pupils were not and war paint engaged in dancing seventeen Indians who had Carlisle students. They had been taken away from Carlisle been educated at and had returned from Carlisle and Hampton, school, because the Osages have an annuity which justified the the majorit¥ from Carlisle. When I have given names and Commissioner in sending them to contract schools and not taking places, as I did the other day and do now, I repeat it is very easy the fund of the Carlisle school for their education, as it is in­ to soon demonstrate whether my statements be true or not, and tended for the education of Indians who have no annuities. I this statement of only one Osage graduated and returning is have here a tabular statement which I shall print in my remarks, something that I can not understand. showing that the gentleman was misinformed and misled by the Mr. BUTLER. That was for one year. verbal statements that were given to him as to the lapsing of In­ Mr. MANSUR. I am informed by my friend from Iowa [Mr. dians who had been educated at Carlisle. BUTLER] that that statement is simply intended to cover the graduates for one year. Does it mean thatout of eight hundred Carlisle studentsjl'om Osage Agency, Ind. '1. that year not to exceed fifty graduated? Or does it mean those that returned, having for a longer or shorter period remained Names and sex. ~ntet·ed. Discharged. Time. there for educational purposes, a-s suited their convenience and that of the Government? BOYS Mr. DICKERSON. I think there were three classes. Embry Gibson·····-···-··--·- Feb. 26,1881 Aug.17, 1885 4 years 6l months. Mr. MANSUR. I have tried not to assert hostility on my part Louis Big Horse·---·-·-·----· .... do ...... June17,1884 3years3!months. Clarke Mad Chief··------·--- ___ -_do--·---- Sept.18, 1883 2 years 7! months. against these higher schools. I have thought that in the sys­ Joe Big Wolf-··----·--·-·----- ____ do ______Aug.17, 1885 4 years 6! months. tem of Indian education they might very well do a good work; Alex. Tall Chief..--·------.... do ____ -·- .... do______Do. Watson Penn·------~---- .... do ______Junel7, 11384 3 years 3t months. that is to say, for those selected to take higher grades·of Indian Elmer ______do---·--· ____ do ______Do. learning and education, but I have stood up for what seems to be Herbert-·------·-·-----··- .... do ----·-- ....do· ------Do. a unanimous belief in the West everywhere that these Indiap..s Francis French Killer------____ do ______Aug.17, 1885 4 years 6! monthH. Joel Chetopah------·--- ____ do------June17, 1884 3 years 3t months. can be best educated and most quickly brought under civilizing Fred Lookout ...... ______do ______.... do______Do. influences at and upon their own reservations; so that when we Alex. Eaglefeather ·----· ______Jtme 9,1882 Sept.18, 1883 1 year 4k- months. hear so much said about the maintenance of this one school it is Daniel------____ do ______July 6,1885 3 years 1 month. simply from our standpoint a question as to whether it is the 3 2! months. best use of our money or not, to maintain this school any longer. Edward}!~~:~~Wiisend"::===::======:= Chouteau ______====~g::=== do ______=: ..June17,~~a~~::~ 1884 2 years.ye~~- I started out in the remarks I had the honor to submit last Paul Big Horse ...... · .·----- ____ do .... ___ Aug.17, 1885 3 years 2! month,. we~k, with a declaration, not of hostility against Indian educa­ McKay Dongan ··-----··------____ do-·-- ... July 6,1885 3 years 1 month. Robert Dunlap------____ do--··-- - Aug.17, 1885 3 years 2! months. tion, but to consider this other proposition, to wit: '~Whether George Summers--·---·--·--- ____ do·-----· ____ do---~-- - Do. for the money we were expending we were getting the best re­ Beecher ______.. ______Sept.26,1884 --·.do_...... 11 months. sults which it was possible for us to obtain," and it was upon that Dorland---·------·-·---··---- .... do ...... do------Do. Watt Townsend.------·------· ____ do ... ·--- ____ do_ .. ____ Do. line I made my entire remarks. Jesse Townsend .. ______do ...... do______Do. I simply discussed the proposition whether or not we were 1 paying too dearly_for our whistle (Indian). Guerney ...•...... -·--·-·-····! ~~~~:~= 1~fy 1·,~:i !1 year 11 months. This, then, brings us back to the proposition: Is it well to have H ar Iow Miller ______June22,1888Sept.26,188( JulyAug.17, 8,1889 1885 D o. this school continued? If it can be maintained as an institution Roscoe .••.••..•••.••••••••.•... Sept.26,188t July 6,1885 10 months. XXIII-99

. , 1570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

Carlisle students from Osage Agency, Ind. T.-Continued. Carlisle studentsj1·om Osage Agency, Ind. T.-Gontinued.

Names and :Jex. Entered. Dis.charged. Time: Names and sex. Entered. Disc:J.arged. Time.

BOYS-Continlied. GIB.LS-<:ontinned. Preston .. ·------Sept.26,1884 Aug.l7,1885 llmonths. Mary Gibson ------______Sept.26, 1884 Aug.17, 1885 11 months. Clinton------____ do ______do______Do. Helen Little Buck______do------July 6,1885 10months. Eleazer ______.... do ______do...... Do. Josephine ______do ______Jan. 20,1885 4months. Altred Sumner ______do ______do______Do. Augustine Aiken------____ do ______Aug.17, 1885 11 months. Theodore------·---- ____ do ______July 6,1885 10 months. Ellen Carleton ______do------__do------Do. Thomas Tall ChieL ______do------____ do-----·- Do. Minette Papen ------__ do------____ do------Do. CarrieKennediv------____ do------Aug.12,1885 Do. f~~e:-~~~1-~~===:::::::::: :::: ::::~g ::::~g: ~g: Minnie Kenne y ------______do------____ do------Do. Foster Strike Axe. ______do ::::______::: Aug.17,:::::: 1885 11 months. Bennie Strike Axe------....do ______do______Do. In answer to the inquiry of thegentlemanfromNewYork[Mr. Eddie Strike Axe ______~ ~~~!~;t= -jUJ.~0 B:"i889- }1 year 11 months. FELLOWS] I will state that in the report of the superintendent Wlllia.m ______...... Sept.26,1884 July 6, 1885 10 months. of Indian education he will find collated overwhelming testimony Martin·------___ do _____ Aug.17, 1885 11 months. that of the Indians who have been educated at the Carlisle school t 5 Sept.26,1884 ____ do ______~1 year 11 months Les &------~ June22,1888 July 8,1889 ~ · more than 95 per cent of them have become civilized, useful, de­ Albert Penn------Sept.26,1884 July 6,1885 10months. cent Indian citizens. This testimony is found in the report ol Antoine Big Heart------....do ______do______Do. the superintendent of Indian instruction. George __ ------____ do_------Ja.n. 20,1885 4 months. Monroe------Sept.26,1885 Aug.17,1885 11 months. I wish also to have read the testimony of Bishop Hare on this Frank Prudom ______....do ______Jan. 20,1885 4mon.ths. very point, and while I could corroborate it with other testimony, ClementDenoyaLouis Tinker ______------____ dodo------______Aug.17, do______1885 11 months.Do. I think that it ought to be sufficient: Chas. Reolett ______------___ do ______July 6,1885 10 months. The Clerk read as follows: Antoine Albert------____ do------Aug.17, 1885 11 months. Rev. Bishop W. H. Hare, writing from Sioux Falls, says: Paul Albert ______~------____ do ______July 6,1885 10 months. "Much has been said of the tender.cy of the educated Indians to 'retm:n to Chas. Labadie ______do ______Aug. 17, 1885 11 months. the blanket; ' and of course, as in all school work everywhere. one meets with Wah-scah-moL ______---- ____ do ______do______Do. grievous and flagrant cases of nonsuccess. But, as a matter of !act, any care­ Joe_------____ do ______July 6,1885 10 months. ful observer who should travel through the Indian country would ha-ve his attention attracted by a large element totally distinct in its be.arings a.nd GIRLS. Metopah ______Feb. 26,1881 Aug.17, 1885 4 years 6! months. appearance from the old Indian life; and should he inquire what 1s the history Julia Pryor ______do------June17, 1884 3 years 3! months. of the young people who thus attract his attention by their appearance and by the work they are doing in the schools, churches, omces, and shops. as Josephine Pryor------____ do------____ do______Do. teachers, catechists, preachers, apprentices, clerks, etc., he would find t.hat Clara_Grace Que------______June do ...•...9,1882 Aug.17,July 1,1882 1885 3 weeks.years 2l months. they are persons who have had the advantage of education in the mission or Government schools." Bessie Big Soldier------____do------Jan. 3,1884 1 year 61 months. Prudy Ea.gleteather ------____ do------____ do------Do. Mr. SMITH of Arizona. How many of these were blanket In­ Edna Ea.glefeather ______.do------____ do------Do. dians? Ellen Tayrien ------June 9,1882 Ja.n. 3,1884 Do. Anna Big Rain------____ do------June 17, 1884 2 years 1 week. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. They take the Indians sent to them. Ellen Ross------____ do ______Sept..18, 1883 1 year 3t months. They are not limited to those which are most available, but they Ross do------Junel7, 1884 ~2 ... ears 11 months take Sioux, Apaches, Comanches, and all kinds of Indians com­ Emil Y ------t____ Sept.26,1884 Aug.17,1885 ~ · in~ June 9,1882 Jan. 3,1884 2 vears 6 months from the West. The following is an exact statement on this P eliz a------Sept.26,1884 Aug.l7,1885 ~· · pomt for the Carlisle school in 1891: Statement showing numbeJ: of Indian children at Ca'rlisle school in 1891. Connected with school New pupils Total Return.ed Remaining at Absent in at date of received. dur- to agencies. Died. school. families and Tribes. last report. ing on farms. r---~----- l -----~~year.~------11 --~--I---~----~---- I ----~---- M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Total. M. F. ------!------1------Alaskan------1 3 ------4 1 ------__ ___ 3 ------3 1 ------Apache------78 18 1 1 98 10 3 1 ____ 68 16 &.l tr/ 21 Arapahoe_____ ------·------15 1! ::::::: :~:::: ~ 3 6 1 ____ ~~- ~ 1~ 1.3 ~ ~~;~~!n_e-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ----2i' 13 6 4 44 -----i- ----2- :::: :::: -----6- 15 41 20 9 2 2 ------'------2 2 2 1A -----2- :::::: :::: :::= -----5 ~ ~ -----.------~ :J ----io- ----4- --i- := ----i5- ~ 4 ---is- 1A 105 6 2 1 ---- 53 43 96 33 20 1 ------1 1 ------~ ----'2 ------~ 1 ~ ---2- ---i 42 12 -·- 6- :::: :::: 16 8 24 17 7 18 2 1 2 ---- 8 5 13 6 2 2 1 ------1 1 1 -----s- ::::::: :::= 1A ~ :::::: :::: :::: -----5------a------s ~ 4 l~l(:~iijlill~llllllllll!lllllllililllllllll~~~ ::::~: :-oo;f: :::::i: ::~, i:::l ::::i: 1111 !! :::l ::::i: --~- ::::~: ~::~ Peoria. ___ ------2- 1 ------3 ------______1 2 3 ------2 Piegan::::::=::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ___ : ____ :______31 16 ------47 7 1 ____ 30 9 39 22 2 ~~~tcea::::::::::::::.:::::.:::::::::::_:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ______1 ------~ ::::::: :::::: :::: :::: ______1 ~ ----~- 1 P tt t m1 2 ----T ------2- s 2 -----3- 3 -----i ~!thir~fill!l!~l~~ll!\l!!)l!\\l!m:·:~mm~~lm)~~~~~ :=1: 1:::::~: :J 1:::::~: =::i: ~:-- ::--::::1: ----~- ---i- :::1: ____ ! ~ 2 6 1 2 -----a- 5 1 3 E:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:~~~~==~~~~=~i~~~~~~~:::~~~ --1- ~ ----~~- ~~~: u! ----ir ::::~: ::~: :::: ----~- ----~- 9I ·: -- ~ E~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=~~~~~=~=~~~~=~:~~ -- ,r :::::~: -----r ---+ J:=::·: ---+ ~~~ ~~ ~ ----1- J ,i ~J TotaL------4.74 295 129 86 984 123 66 9 1 471 314 "785 411 247 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. 1571

The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Pennsyl­ effect of sending .the Indian children to the East to be educated, vania [Mr. BELTZHOOVER] has expired. and the testimony of these men is unanimous that the education Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I ask unanimous consent to occupy two of the children on the reserv-ations, at the boarding schools-not minutes more. at the day schools, because they do not amount to much-but There was no objection, and it was so ordered. that the education of the children at the boarding schools has a Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Mr. Chairman, I do not make many highly beneficial effect upon the whole tribe, and that the pupiis speeches, nor occupy the time of the House except upon ques­ generally do well after they leave those schools. tions in which I feel a deep interest. And let me say that so far That testimony also shows that where the children are sent to as this Indian school at Carlisle is concerned! have no more per­ the East to be educated they return without any development of sonal or selfish interest than any other individual among our moral courage or character, and generally relapse into the con­ sixty-five millions of people. I have only that philanthropic feel­ dition of the tribe, except, as I have said, in cases where they are ing for the school which every man who has given attention to in Government employ as teachers or the like and surrounded this Indian question ought to have. by civilizing influences. I believe the gentlemen of the Com­ If I consulted the wishes of my people I b elieve they would al­ mittee on Indian Affairs are agreed that the period of three years most unanimously prefer, from a selfish standpoint, to have the is reasonable, although I apprehend this trouble. Many of these Government take away the Indian school and restore the mili­ children that have nominally gone to day schools, the educational tary post. But, sir, the results of the operations of this school influence of which literally amounts to nothing, if the testimony are clear and incontestable, as could be shown if we had time to of the agents and teachers is to be believed, will be credited with present the statistics. The letter which was read here awhile the time they have attended there. ago shows that three of the pupils of this school are now attend­ Mr. PEEL. I will say to the gentleman that according to the ing Dickinson College; a half dozen or more of them are attend­ report which come to us· these schools are improved a great jng our public schools, and scores of them are scattered through deal since he and I were out there. Chester, Delaware,· Lancaster, and Cumberland Counties, em- Mr. HOLMAN. That may be; but such were not the indica­ oyed on farms. I may say also in this connection that the tions then. But these boarding schools at the agencies are ex-· entleman [Mr. STOCKDALE] who remarked awhile ago that he cellent schools, and the denominational schools are1 after all, td not want the Government to furnish free laborers to the doing more good for the Indians than we are doing by our large Pennsylvania farmers is very much mistaken, because these In­ appropriations. dians are hired by the farmers at a fair compensation andre­ Mr. DICKERSON. Suppose you abolish these schools now ceive the same wages that equally good white hands in the same and return the children to schools on or near the reservations, pursuits command. would that injure the children? Now, Mr. Chairman, I will ask to have the balance of my time Mr. HOLMAN. No; it would not injure the children-­ employed in reading the testimony of another gentleman upon M.r. DICKERSON. How many children could be educated this question of what becomes of the Indians who leave Carlisle. upon the reservations for the same amount that it costs to edu­ I ask the Clerk to read the statement which I send to the desk. cate one in the East? The Clerk read as follows: Mr. HOLMAN. As to the expense, there would be very little STA.:l'ElllmT OF :REV. AARON D. CLARK, MISSIONARY OF THE AMERICAN MIS­ difference except in the matter of transportation. SIONARY ASSOCIATION, ROSEBUD AGENCY. One very important consideration which I have already pre­ Your communication o! November 2, concerningcerta.inrecenta.llega.tions sented I wish to urge again. ln all these boarding schools at unfavorable to the character and standing of students returned from Hamp- the agencies the boys are tralned in agriculture. That is the ton and Carlisle, 18 now at hand. . case at Rosebud, at Pine Ridge, at Standing Rock, and elsewhere. From my knowledge or the people, gained by two and one-half years' resi­ dence and constant labors and journeys among them, I am able to say that They are thus taught agriculture in the country where they are the allegations 1n question are, on the whole, either barefaced falsehoods or to make a living. How would an agriculturist from Pennsylva­ else blind misstatements of the facts, calculated to deceive those who may nia succeed in the southern part of Dakota, and especially what see them. Considering their present surroundings, the condition 1n which they :fl.nd would he do still farther west, where irrigation is indispensable? their parents, and which it is impossible to improve much, under the present The methods of agriculture are entirely different in different state of things, the returned students generally are holding on to the knowl­ parts of the country. edge, the dress, the manners, and the morals of their school life with as much tena.city as human nature is capable of anywhere. [Here the hammer fell.] Cases such as are suggested by these allegations as exceedingly common are The CHAffiMAN. The question is on the amendment of the very rare. I could not name ten among all those living here. Give them. an op­ gentleman from Indiana [Mr. HOLMAN] to strike out" two," in portunity to put 1n practice their education, without sacrificing their homes, and see then what would be the result. line 24, and insert" three." Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Before the vote· is taken I wish to ask Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Mr. Chairman, I ask ~animous con­ whether the Committee on Indian Affairs accept this amend­ sent to extend my remarks somewhat in the RECORD, and to print ment? in connection with them some of th-e statistics from which I have Mr. PEEL. I have no power to accept it, but have said that quoted. individually I have no objection to it. There was no objection. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Then, Mr. Chairman, I wish to say Mr. MANSUR. I hope the gentleman will include the statis­ just a word in opposition to the amendment. This two-year lim­ tics. We want those very much. itation will be an experiment. Whether, under that limitation, Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I will print them. we can g et pupils enough at Carlisle to keep the school supplied Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise for the purpose of mod­ ~d properly utilize the appropriation is uncertain. If we make Hying the amendment which I have submitted. I withdraw the the limitation three years the matter will be still worse. This ex­ amendment and move to strike out the figure" 2" where it oc­ periment has never been tried. It ought not to be tried now, in curs and insert" 3," and before the vote is taken I wish to· say view of the history and economy and success of the Carlisle In- an additional word. I am utterly confounded by some of the dian training school. · statements which have been made here, especially some that It may be impossible to get a thousand pupils who have been have been read. The House has never sent a comm1ttee to viBit three years at any school. If you should get a smaller mumber, these Indians but once. That com..niittee made a very thorough the appropriation will be expended, and properly, too, because investigation and they found no instance where Indians from the the amount it would cost to educate and maintain eight hundred Eastern schools had not relapsed into the methods and habits of would probably educate and maintain one thousand. The limi­ their tribes, except where individuals were in Government em­ tation ought to be left at two years, because even the two-year ploy and constantly surrounded by civilized influences. limitation has never been tried. At Pine Ridge, at Rosebud, and at other places in South Da­ Mr. HoLMAN addressed the Chair. kota there were instances of Indians who had been at the Eastern The CHAIRMAN. Debate is exhausted. schools and were now in Government employ and doing well. Mr. HOLMAN. I am aware of that, but I hope I may be al­ This was six years ago, and changes may have occurred since then, lowed the same length of time which the gentleman from Penn­ but that committee found no instance, either there or amongst sylvania has occupied. the civilized tribes, where the children, boys and girls, had not The CHAIRMAN. If there is no objection the gentleman will relapsed into the condition of "blanket" Indians, and in many proceed. cases, as was stated on this floor by the gentleman from Illinois Mr. HOLMAN. I want to tell my friend that there will be no [Mr. Cannon] a few years ago, they had become more vicious than trouble about getting the Indian children. Perhaps he does not the body of the tribe. know the process by which it is done. The testimony upon that point is simply overwhelming. I Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Oh, yes, I do. have here the testimony of Catholic and of Protestant mission­ Mr. HOLMAN. The process can be told, I have no doubt, by aries, men devoted for many years to the Indian race. familiar the gentleman from South Dakota. The agent of Carlisle or any with this whole subject, understanding well the condition and other school in the East goes to the place where the Indians are; working of the boarding schools on the reservations and also the he tells the Indian agent how many children he wants; and the '

1572 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29, agent says to the parents of the children selected, "Your rations serving people where they live. But to go to the unreasonable are suspended until you let your children go." and unnecessSJ.ry expense of taking these children away from Mr. BELTZHOOVER. If the gentleman will put ina proviso their own homes and bringing them hundreds and thousands of that in the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, when miles to the East here for an education is an absurdity that will children to fill the capacity of the school can not be obtained not long receive the patient indorsement of the thinking people those who have been at school less than three years may be ac­ of this COUlltry. cepted- Now, I say again, because! noticethecommitteehaveresorted Mr. HOLMAN. I repeat there is no difficulty in obtaining to the usual plan when they can not defeat a thing by argument the children. My friend must understand that the power of the they sneer at it; but I did say, and I repeat now, that we are agent is that of a despot. paying too much money when our people are pressed to the very Mr. BELTZHOOVER. But the agent can not by his ipse dixit earth to get it. Why, we are educating more Indians in Missis­ or fiat make pupils who have attended school three years if there sippi than our share would be of all the tribes-over 3,000. In are none there who have been at school over two years. 1870 the census reported 908 Indians civilized or taxed in Missis· Mr. HOLMAN. Oh, I know-- sippi. In 1880 the census reported 1,857 civilized or taxed. They Mr. BELTZHOOVER. The gentleman can not know that are not increasing in numbers in that proportion, but they are im­ they can be obtained, because neither the Secretary of the In­ proving in that proportion; and I have telegraphed the Census terior nor anyone else can know such a matter to a certainty. Office three times to-day to get the returns of the number civil­ Mr. HOLMAN. Does notmy friendknowthat ateveryagency ized or taxed, as shown by the census of 1890, but it seems to be there is a well-conducted boarding school with from one hundred impossible to get anything from that Bureau. They refer me to · to three hundred children; and that all that they have got to do the office way up yonder on Ninety-first street or somewhere at Carlisle or Hampton or the Lincoln Institute is to send out else. [Laughter.] agents to hunt up the children? The Indian agent says at once We are educating these Indians in the public schools of Mis­ to the parents of the children selected, "These children have got sissippi. There are many of them in the district of my colleague to go to school; your rations will be suspended until they do go." [Mr. BEEMAN], and I do say that it is a very hard thing, and I Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Then there can be no objection to the mean to repeat it as long as I occupy a place on this floor, to take proviso I proposed-that if the pupils can not be found who the money away from the people who are educating two races, have attended school three years, pupils who have attended for besides their own in the full proportion, and contribute their a less period may, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Inter­ share of this $8,000,000 that this bill covers also. You have de­ ior, be received. clined to do anything whatever for them. You have left them to Mr. HOLMAN. I would like to extend the time to four years suffer and struggle on in their poverty. Why, you will not even and add a provision that no Indian child under the age of 13 give us back the cotton tax to put into the educational fund, years shall be removed from an Indian reservation and placed in a fund you know was taken without constitutional law, justice, or a school remote from the reservation without the voluntary con­ conscienc.e. sent of the parent or guardian of the child. If the latter pro­ [Here the hammer fell.] vision were carried out in good faith, very few Indian children Mr. DOLLIVER. Mr. ChairiDan, I desire to send to the desk, would be brought east of the Mississippi River. to be read, a decision of the Supreme Court which is of special in­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I object to the amendment of thegen­ terest to the House at this time. tleman fixing the limitation at three years; but if he feels sure The Clerk read as follows: that there will be enough Indian pupils who have been at school Supreme Court of the United States. No. 1001. October term, 1891. three years he can not object to the proviso I have suggested, The United States, appellant, vs. Ballin, Joseph & Co. Appeal trom the cir­ submitting the matter to the discretion of the Secretary of the cuit com·t of the United States for the southern diStrict ot New York. Interior. In July, 1890, the appellees imported into New York certain goods, which Mr. HOLMAN. Iwillsaythis, that!hope we are nottocarry they claimed to be dutiable as manufactures of worsted at the rate described in Schedule K of the act of March 3, 1883 (22 Statutes, 509). The collector out now the same policy which was in operation some six years assessed them at the rate prescribed in that schedule as manufactures of · ago. The process then was as simple as could be. All depended wool (22 Statutes, 508) .. This he did by reason ot a.n act claimed to have on the Indian agent. He was an absolute autocrat or despot been passed by Congress in 1890, as follows: and could do pretty much as he pleased. I have before me now "Chapter 200.-An act; providing tor the classification ot worsted cloths as testimony relating to the Sac and Fox Indians, showing that woolens. children of several families were taken from the boarding school "Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary ot the Treasury be, a.nd he hereby is, authorized and directed to classify as woolen cloths all imports of worsted and brought here to the Eastern schools against the absolute cloth, whether known under the name ot worsted cloth or under the names protest of their parents. ot worsteds, or diagonals, or otherwise. fHere the hammer fell.l "Approved, May 9, 1890." {26 Statutes 105.) The board of general appraisers found these facts: The CHA.ffiMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amell{i­ " 1. That the goods in question are worsted, and not woolen goods. ment of the gentleman from Indiana. "2. That the Secretary of the Treasury never examtped or classified the The question was taken; and on a division there were-ayes goods in question. "3. That the Journal of the House of Representatives shows the facts at­ 71t noes 44. • tending the passage of the act of May 9, 1890, thus: So the amendment was adopted. " The Speaker laid before the House the bill ot the House (H. R. 9548) pro· Mr. STOCKDALE. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment I viding tor the cla.sslfica.tion of worsted cloths as woolens, coming over from last night a.s unfinished business, with the previous question and the yeas send to the desk. and nays ordered. The Clerk read as follows: "The House having proceeded to the consideration and the question being Strike out the words "to and," in line 17, page 47, so that it will read: "For put, transportation ot pupils from Carlisle school,'' etc. " Shall the bill pass? Mr. STOCKDALE. Mr. Chairman, this amendment will sim­ ;; '?e~~~Fr.ared ply dispose of the expenditure for the transportation of these "Na.ys-0. "Not voting-189. . children to the Carlisle school, leaving it to them to educate such "The sa.idrollcallha.ving been recapitulated, the Speaker announced, from children as are brought there. Surely that ought not to be ob­ a. list noted and turnished by the Clerk, a.t the suggestion ot the. Speaker, the jectionable to the members of this committee. They have ex­ following-named members as present in the hall when their names were called, and not voting, viz:'' pressed here an apprehension that they can not get the children [Here follows an alphabetical list ot the names ot 74members.] to fill the school. If they can not, they ought to be educated " The Speaker thereupon stated that the said members present and refus­ where they are and where they can not get them from. ing to vote {74in number), together with those recorded as voting (138 in number), showed a total o! 212 members present, constituting a. quorum And, Mr. Chairman, I would like to say a word to these gentle­ present t<> do business; and that, the yeas being 138 and the nays none, the men from the West who are so much interested in this Indian said bill was passed." school business. The sentiment of this country now appears On appeal, the circuit court of the United States tor the southern district to of New York sustained the claim ot the importers and reversed the decision be universal that these Indians ought to be educated and will be of the collector, from which judgment the United States appealed to this educated amongst the Western people, who know them, who un­ court. derstand them, and not bring them to these Eastern schools, [February 29, 1892.] where the people know nothing about Indians, and where they Mr. Justice Brewer delivered the opinion of the court: are necessarily kept away from their own people. And gentle­ Two auestions only are presented: First, was the act ot May 9, 1890, legally passed? and second, what is its meaning? The firstis the important ques­ men, let me tell you that if you continue to press this thing upon tion. The enrolled bill is found in the proper office, that ot the Secretary ot the people of this country that these Eastern schools, with all State, authenticated and approved in the customary and legal torm. There is nothing on the face of it to suggest any invalidity. Is there anything in this foolish and, I believe, criminal expenditure of money mus~ the facts disclosed by the Journal of the House, as found by the general ap­ be kept up much longer, you will find that P.ublic sentiment will praisers, which vitiates it? We are not unmindful ot the general observa­ get rid of it altog-ether, and they will speedily make a disposition tions found in Gardner 'DB. The Collector {6 Wall., 499, 511), "that whenever a. question arises in a. court of law ot the existence ot a. statute, or of the time of all of these schools that will be likely to astonish you. · when a statute took effect, or of the precise terms of a. statute, the judges You can not cram such a thing down the people's throat very who are called upon to decide it have a right to resort to any source of infor­ long. We are willing tD give you money if you educate the de- mation which in its nature is capable ot conveying to the jndicW mind a 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1573 clear and satisfactory answer to such question, always seeking first for that take it to be clear law that the corporate act may be done by the majority of which in its nature is most appropriate, unless the positive law has enacted those who have once regularly constituted the meeting." a. dtlferent rule." · In 5th Dane's Abridgment, page 150, the rule is thus stated: "When a. cor­ And we have at the present term, in the cases of Field et aZ. vs. The United poration is composed of a definite number, and an integral part of it is re­ States, had occasion to consider the subject of an appeal to the J ournal in a quired to vote in an election, a majority of such integral definite part must disputed matter of this nature. It is unnecessary to add anything here to attend, aliter there is no elective assembly, but a majority of those presen" that general discussion. The Constitution (Article I, section 5) provides that when legally met will bind the rest." ln 1 Dillon's Municipal Corporations "each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings;" and that" the yeas (fourth edition), section 283, the rule is thus stated: "And, as a general rnle, and nays of the members of either Housel on any question, shall, at the de­ it may be stated that not only where the corporate power resides in a se­ sire of one-fifth of those present be enterea on the Journal." Assuming that -lect body, as a city council, but where it. has been delegated to a committee or by reason of this latter clause, reference may be had to the Journal to see to agents, then, in the absence of special provisions otherwise, a minority of whether the yeas and nays were ordered, and if so, what was the vote dis­ the select body, or of the committee or agents, are powerless to bind the ma­ closed thereby; and assuming, though without deciding, that the facts which jority or do any valid act. If all the members of the select body or commit­ the Constitution requires to be placed on the Journal may be appealed to on tee, or if all the agents are assembled, or if all l:lave been duly notified, and the question whether a law has been legally enacted, yet, if reference may be the minority refuse or neglect to meet with the others, a majority of those ha.d to such Journal, it must be assumed to speak the truth. It can not be that present illay act, provided those present constitute a majority of the whole we can refer to the Journal for the purpose of impeaching a statute properly number. In other words, in such case a major part of the whole is necessary authenticated and approved., and then supplement and strengthen this im­ to constitute a quorum. and a majority of thequorummay act. It the major peachment by parol evidence that the !acts stated on the Journal are not :part withdraw, so as to leave no quorum, the power of the minority to act is true, or that other facts existed which, if stated on the Journal, would give m general considered to cease." - force to the impeachment. This declaration has been quoted approvingly by this court in the case of It it be suggested that the Speaker might have made a mistake as to some Brown vs. The District of Columbia (127 U. S. 579, 586). In 2 Kent's Com­ one or more of these 74 members, or that the Clerk may have falsified the mentaries, 293, the author draws a distinction between what is necessarily a J onrnalin entering therein a record of their presence, it is equally possible meeting of a representative and a constituent body in these words: "There that in reference to a roll call and the yeas and nays there should be a like is a distinction taken between a corporate act to be done by a select and def­ mistake or falsification. The possibility of such inaccuracy or falsehood only inite body, as by a board of directors, and one to be performed by the con­ suggests the unreliability of the evidence and the danger of appealing to it to stituent members. In the latter case a majority of those who appear may overthrow that furnished by the bill enrolled and authenticated by the sig­ act; but in the former, a majority of the definite body must be present, and natures of the presiding officers of the two Houses and the President of the then a majority of the quorum may decide." In HOlT & Bemis's recent work United States. The facts, then, as appearing !rom this Journal. are that at on Municipal Police Ordinances, 42, the authors observe: "Those who are the time of the roll call there were present 212 members ot the House, more present and help to make up the quorum are expected to vote on every ques­ than a quorum; and that 138 voted in favor of the bill, which was a majority tion, and their presence alone is enough to make the vote decisive and bind­ of those present. The Constitution, in the same section, provides that '· each ing, whether they actually vote or not. The objects of legislation can not House may determine the rules of its proceedings." It appears that in pur­ be defeated by the refusal of any one to vote when present. If eighteen are suance of this authority the House had, prior to this day, passed this as one present and nine vote, all in the atfirmative, the measurtl is carried, the re­ ofits rules: fusal of the other nine to vote being construed as a vote in the affirmative, so "RULE XV. far as any construction is necessary.'' See also Ex parte Willcocl;:s (7 Cowen. "3. On the demand of any member, or at the suggestion of the Speaker, the 402); Commonwealth'l:s. Green (4 Wharton, 531); Statevs.Green (370. S.,227); names of members sufficient to make a quorum in the Hall of the House who Launtz vs. The People (113 Ill., 137); Gas Company vs. Rushville (121Ind.,206); do not vote shall be noted by the Clerk and recorded in the Journal, a.nd re- Gosling vs. Veley (7 A. & E.,406); S.C. (4.H. of L. Cases, 679). ported to the Speaker with the names of the members voting, and be counted InState vs. Deliesseline (1 McCord, 52) it is said: and announced in determining the presence of a quorum to do business." "For, according to the principle of all the cases referred to, a quorum pos- {House Journal, 230, February 14, 1890.) sesses all the powers of the whole body; a majority of which quorum must The action taken was in direct compliance with this rule. The question, of course govern. * * * The constitutions of this State and the United therefm:e is as to the validity of this rule,andnotwhatmethods the Speaker States declare that a majority shall be a quorum to do business: but a ma' may of nJ.B1 own motion resort to for determining the presence of a quorum, jority of that quorum are sufficient to decide the most important question. •- nor what matters the Speaker or Clerk may of their own volition place upon In Wells vs. Rahway Company (19 N. J. Eq., 402) we find this language: the Journal. Neither do the advantages or disadvantages, the wisdom or "A majority of the directors of a corporatio~ in the absence of any regu- folly, of such a rnle present any matters for judicial consideration. With lation in the charter, is a quorum, and the maJority of such quorum when the courts the question is only one of power. The Constitution empowers convened can do any act within the power of the directors." each House to determine rules of proceeding. It may not by its rules ignore And in Attorney-General vs. Shepard (62 N. H., 383, 384) the question was constitutional restraints or violate fundamental rights, and there should be whether an amendment to a city charter had boon properly adopted by the a reasonable relation between the mode or method of proceeding established board of aldermen. All the members of the board were present but one. by the rule and the result which is sought to be attained. But within these The ordinance was duly read and put to a vote, and declared by the chair to limitations all matters of method are open to the determination of the House, be passed. The yeas and nays were then called; three voted in the affl.rma­ and it is no impeachment of the rule to say that some other way would be tive, three refused to vote, and the chair declared the ordinance passed. better, more accurate, or even more just. It is no objection to the validity The court held, Chief Justice Doe delivering the opinion, that the amend­ of a rule that a different one has been prescribed and in force for a length of ment to the charter was legally adopted by the board of aldermen. He said: time. The power to make rules is not one which once exercised is exhausted. "The exercise of lawmaking power is not stopped by the mere silence and It is a continuous power, always subject to be exercised by the Honse, and, inaction of some of the lawmakers who are present. An arbitrary, technical, within the limitations suggested, absolute and beyond the challenge of any and exclusive method of ascert;aining whether a quorum is present, operat­ other body or tribunal. ing to prevent the performance of oftlcial duty and obstruct the business of The Constitution provides that "a majority of each [House] shall c_onsti- government, is no part of our common law. The statute requiring the pres­ tote a quorum to do business." In other words, when a majority are pres- ence of four aldermen does not mean that in the presence of four a major­ ant the House is in a position to do business. Its capacity to transact busi- ity of the votes cast may not be enough. The journal properly shows how ness is then established, created by the mere presence of a majority, and many members were there when the vote was taken by yeas and nays; there does not deJ?end upon the disposition or assent or action of any single mem- was no difficulty in ascertaining and recording the fact; and the require­ her or fraction of the majority present. All that the Constitution requires ment of a quorum at that time was not intended to furnish a means of sus­ is the presence of a majority, and when the majority are present the power :pending the legislative power and duty of a quorum. No illegality appears of the House arises. m the adoption of the amendment." But how shall the presence of a majority be determined? The Constitu- Summing up this matter, this law is found in the Secretary of the Treas- tion has prescribed no method of making this determination, and it is there- ury's office, properly authenticated. If we appeal to the Journal of the House, fore within the competency of the House to prescribe any method which we find that a majority of its members were present when the bill passed, a shall be reasonably certain to ascertain the fact. It may prescribe an- majority creating by the Constitution a quorlllll, with authority to act upon swer to roll call as the only method or determination; or require the pas- any measure; that the presence of that quorum was determined in accord­ sage of members between tellers, and their count as the sole test; or the ance with a reasonable and valid rnle theretofore adopted by the House; and count of the Speaker or the Clerk, and an announcement from the desk of the of that quorum a majority voted in favor of the bill. It therefore legally names of those who are present. :passed the House, and the law as found in the office of the Secretary of State Any one of these methods, it must be conceded, is reasonably certain of IS beyond challenge. ascertaining the fact, and as there is no constitutional method prescribed, With reference to the other question: The opinion of the circuit court and no constitutional inhibition of any of these, and no violation of fundamen- seemed to be that the act cast upon the Secretary of the Treasury a special tal rights in either, it follows that the House may adopt either or all, or it may duty of classification in all cases of the import of worsted cloths, and that provide for a combination of any two of the methods. That was done by the unless he so acted in any particnlar case the duty remained as it was prior rule in question; and all thatthatruleattemptsto doistoprescribeamethod to the passage of the act. We

There is given no choice or selection, but it :Is the imperative direction of that children can not be taken from parents without their con­ Congress to him, as the chief administrative officer in the collection of du­ tie . to pla.ee all worsted cloths, by whatever natne popularly known or known sent. The only trouble is the abuse of i tr and you can not remedy to the trade, within the category of woolen cloths, and, of course, if placed that very well. w1 thin that category, or, using the fa.mil.iar language of the ta.ritt, '• classified Mr. DICKERSON. Myamendmentrequiresthatconsentshall as woolen cloths,'' subject to the duty imposed on such cloths. If action were necessary by the Secreta.ry of the Treasury to put this act into force, which be given in the presence of some white person who is disinterested. we think is not, such action was ta.ken by the circular letter of May 5, 1890, I would not believe on oath the statement of an agent who would from the Tr a.sury Department to a.ll customs officers, publishing the act for the information and guidance of the public. be willing to go to a mother and demand the surrender of her Our conclusion, therefore, is that the act was legaJiy pas ed; that by its child under such circumstances. mvn terms, a.ndirrespectiveof any action by the Secretary of the Treasury, the Mr. BRETZ. On penalty of starvation. duties on wor ted cloths were to be such as placed by the act of 1883 on woolen Mr. DICKERSON. The statement of such a man as to the cloths. The judgment of the circuit court will be reversed, and the case remanded character of the consent would not take me off a balance if I were for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion. undecided. During the reading of the above, the time of Mr. DOLLIVER Mr. PEEL. I do not care to say anything further. This is having expired, he asked and obtained consent to have the en tire already the law. opinion printed in the RECORD. Mr. DICKERSON. Let it be adopted then. Mr. DICKERSON. I desire to offer an amendment. Mr. HOLMAN. After we made this report which I have 1- The CHAIRMAN. There is already an amendment pending:, spoken about, then this provision was adopted, that the child offered by the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. STOCKDALEj, should not be brought away from the parents without their con­ which the Clerk will report. sent. The Clerk read as follows: This proposition goes one step further and proposes to require some mode of proving the fa-ct, that it shall be done in the pres­ By Mr. STOCKDALE: Amend by striking out the words "to and.," in line 17, page 47. ence of some white person. The amendment was rejected. Mr. PEEL. If the agent is of' the kind my friend from Ken­ Mr. DICKERSON. I ofier the amendment which I send to tucky [Mr. DICKERSON] savs it will not be very hard to do that. the Clerk's desk to be added to the section. You can not improve it much. Mr. HOLMAN. I wish to say that my statement, made a short The Clerk read as follows: time since, as to the manner in which these children were brought . Add to the section, after line 24, the words: "And no Indian child under the age of 13 years shall be removed from an away from their parents only applied to those agencies where Indian reservation and placed in a school remote from the reservation with­ supplies are furnished to the Indians-Indians yet in a savage out the voluntary consent of the parents or guardians of the child, reduced condition. I do not know how it may be elsewhere. to writing and attested by some disinterested white person." The amendment was rejected. Mr. DICKERSON. Mr. Chairman, I offer that amendment The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Wisconsin is recog- because of what I have heard stated by the gentleman from In­ nized. diana [Mr. HoLMAN] as to the methods of procu~ing Indian chil­ Mr. MILLER. I move to strike out the paragraph. dren. He said, and the statement was not controverted on the Mr. PEEL. Please have the amendment read. fl..oor, that the method was to make a requisition on the agent at The Clerk read as follows: the reservation, and that he demanded of the parents the surren­ On page 47 strike out lines 15 to 2-1, inclusive. der of their children for the purpose of transporting them East to Mr MILLER. Mr. Chairman, I want to call the attention of these schools, and coupled his requisition with the statement that this House to the rapid increase- in the annual appropriations unless they did so their rations would be cut oil', thereby putting that have been made for the education of these Indians, evidently them under duress and exercising a ver:y brutish force, in my to a great extent, so far as the Carlisle school is concerned, to judgment. furnish work hands to the farmers in that vicinity. It seems to me that we can not, under the guise of exercising a The gentleman seems to be very much exercised for fear these charity and the education of- these people, begin with the exhi­ children can not be secured, but when my friend from Indiana. bition of such brutish force and cruelty as this. I know of no [Mr. HoLMAN] proposes to insert an amendment in relation to it greater wrong to the parent of a child than to take it from that then the gentleman was exercised for fear that they could not parent's custody without the parent's consent, and I know of fill up the Carlisle school, and it is not singular that the gentle­ nothing that I would sooner join a mob in hanging a man for man should be exercised very much. He claimed that it was not than the abduction of a child or the carrying of it from a parent of much interest to the people of Carlisle, but when $110,000 or without that parent's consent. If the statement of the gentle­ $115,000 is proposed to be expended in some particular place it is man frdm Indiana [Mr. HoLMAN] is true we are asked to coun­ of some importance. So long as they do not consider it of any tenance a system which goes into these agencies and by the ex­ importance, let us remove the amount appropriated for that ercise of this force compels them to surrender their children school to the reservations and transfer those children, so that and transport them a thousand miles from where they live for they can be educated in the vicinity of their parents. This talk the purpose of educating them. about the Indian children not being torn away from their parents It seems to me that character of education will do little good, is contrary to the fact. These people know that they can go and and will have very little beneficial influence upon an Indian when take any child they desire and drag it across the continent to it is coupled with such cruel punishment as this. It is in defer­ their school at Carlisle. ence, it seems, to the ideas of gentlemen who want to supply this Now, if anyone thinks that an Indian has no affection for his - school with children that these half barbarous mothers are to children let him read in the history of the Black Hawk war the be tortured in this way. Wewanttotreatthemkindly; wewant account given of their retreat across Wisconsin and the battle to recognize the relation of mother and child; and I submit that given to cover the retreat of the women and children, and he as long as the Indian rises above the animal I am compelled in my will come to the conclusion that the Indian has more affection conscience to recognize the relationship and the love and afiec­ for his wives and children than has been generally conceded. tion which exists between theparentand the child, and I cannot The sacrifice of the lives of Custer and his men was to a great give my consent to any method of force, direct or indirect, which extent the result of fear of the destruction of their women and proposes by force to take from these parents their children and children. When you come to talk about the necessity of taking drag them away to the East. It seems to me that is the very re­ away the children of Indians let me tell you that they are just as finement of cruelty and wrong, and I shall oppose this bill in all well able to take care of their children as you are. · its forms as long as it is coupled with this sort of force and When we commenced with this'business in 1877 an appropria­ cruelty. tion wasmadeof $20,000for the education of these Indians. This Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. Will the gentleman permit has run on until it is now come to $2,291,000. In the year 1885 me to call his attention to the fact that perhaps his amendment it was $992,000; in 1886 it was $1,000,000, and so it has crept up goes further than he intends. It prohibits the· removal of any until it has now gotten to be over $2,000,000. · child under the age of 13. I think thegentlemanoughttomake Now, I would like to know where this thing is going to stop. an exception in the case of orphans. Now, in the: Carlisle school To you gentlemen who are drawing your regular salaries of a few years ago there was a boy whose mother was dead and $5,000 a year, and perhaps have large incomes besides, it may whose father was shot to death by United States soldiers. be a very small matter to pay a tax for the support of these In­ Mr. DICKERSON. In cases where there are no parents to be dians, who are absolutely worth more money than those as a rule separated from the child, then the reason for my amendment who pay the taxes. JJo you know that we have a trust fund of does not exist. $26,000,000 of theirs in the Treasury? Do you know that ii a.ll Mr. PEEL. In that case there wo.uld be the guardian of the the lands of every tribe of Indians were sold it would create an child. income sufficient for the support of every Indian man, woman. Mr. DICKERSON. Well1 the guardian does not usually have and child in this country? Do you know that they are absolutely the character of affection for the child that the parent has. . worth mor'e than any white people in any section oi country oc­ Mr. PEEL. It is already the law, and has been for some years, cupying the same amount of territory? .. 1892. CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD--HOUSE. 1575

The CHAIRMAN. The time of the .gentleman has expired. civilization required it. We have taken from them their buffalo Mr. MILLER. I would like to continue for a few moments. herds. Thus a new era dawned on these Indians. They must There was no objection. adopt a new civilization. It was utterly impossible for men who .Mr. MILLER. Now, I have lived for forty year s on a farm on had spent their youth and their early manhood away from the Lake Winnebago. It is only 10 miles from two tribes of Indians. abodes of civilization to adopt at once new, unt ried, and entirely Those tribes have solved the problem of education that you gen­ different methods of life. It is not strange that Indians like Sit­ tlemen talk about. They have fine farms worked up. I have ting Bull and Gall and John Grass and Rain-in-the-face and Run­ watched across from my side of the lake and have seen the land ning Antelope-- steadily cleared up, until their farms compare with the farms [Here the hammer fell.] - round about Carlisle. These Indians have educated themselves. Mr. COBB of Alabama, and others asked that the time of Mr. They have not had any high finishing scb.ool, but have been ed­ JOHNSON of North Dakota be ex tended. '\!Cated in public schools, such as doubtless many members of T here was no objection. Congress have received their education at. If the history of the Mr. JOHNSON of North Dakota. It was not strange, I say, S tockbridge and Brotherton Indians were understood, and if that those blanket Indians, those picturesque savages, should be those gentlemen who talk so knowingly upon the subject had unable to at once adopt the methods of civilization. Gentlemen watched their progress, tb.ey would entertain very different ideas have told us how the Indians of poetic fancy-the Hiawathasand upon this subject from what they do. The fact is that these In­ Minnehahas-vanish upon practical .acquaintance with the In­ dians and theOneidashavebuiltuptheirownchurchesandschool­ dians ~f thB West of our day. I tell you gentlemen we have not houses, and are carrying on all kinds of business. Some of the had pictured to us some of the poor, degraded Indians of two J3rotherton Indians are men of refinement and intelligence, who hundred years ago. They have been left out of thB picture. pave occupied positions of trust and have even been members of But! will point you to Indians of our day, who are fully the equal the Legislature. of any .sava,ge of which we have had any picture. Those are thB Now, why should the Government of the United States tax the people who are worth taking care of. We on the frontier know peopl-e wno live in the log houses, the dugouts, and shanties of that we must live with those people. There is no longer any the South and West for the purpose of educating Indians who wilderness to which w-e can drive them. We have them by the are absolutely worth more money than most of the people who thousands. They are taking the.ir lands in severalty. Inside of pay the taxes? three yBars thousands of them will be voters in my district. We Mr. .JOHNSON of North Dakota. I move to strike out the must deal with ·those people. last word. Gentleman of the committee, it is no doubt true, as Now, the question is whether weshallfulfillour treaty obliga­ the gentlemanirom Wisconsin[Mr.MILLER] has said, thatthese tions. That is all that the Sioux Indians a.sk-not charity, not expenses have increased from the year 1877 up to the present mercy, but simple justi-ce, fair an.ft. honorable dealing on the part time; but there is a reason for this which, if once known, will, of this nation.. The question is whether we shall go on and give I trust, remove all danger of that increase frightening the mem­ these Indians the education which we promised them in those bers of this Rouse from a faithful and courageous discharge Qf treaties, or whetherwe sha.ll furnish them reason or excuse for their duty. Our modern Indian wars practically closed in the saying that we .have acted with injustice and perfidy. year 1877. 0A.U" modern .sy.stem ai Indian education practically Let me tell you that there are among those Indians such women, commenced in the year 1877. The Sioux Indians, who occupy a for instance, as Mrs. Galpin, a full-blooded Sioux, who was often in large portion of the reservations in my district, the most pictur­ Washington, and who died at the mouth of Cannonball River in esque, the most warlike, and :ip many respects the most manly 1888. I will give you, not my judgment of this woman,. but the and most to be admired Indians of modern times, date the begin­ judgment of Mrs. Frances C. Holley, the author of a volume which ing of their civilization from that period. They were heard of, J hold in my hand-a most intelligent observer, one who has had it is true, two hundred and fifty years ago. the best opportunities for knowing the Indians of our day from We heard of them as the enemies of the Winnebagoes and the having lived among them. lowas and the Sacs and other tribes and bands, but they were Let me read you just one sentence in which Mrs. Rolley sums away beyond the· Indians with whom we then came in contact, up the life and .character of this full-blooded Indian, Mrs. Gal­ and, in fact, we never came into practical contact with the Sioux pin-a woman who, tested by every fair test of greatness, by her tribes until about the time of the treaty of 1851. In that treaty courage in war, her humanity, her tact, her eloquence, her sound we stipulated in a general way to provide for the education of moral character in peace, was the equal of any woman living their children~ They claimed later, with much justice, that we in America to-day. I read the sentence in which Mrs. Holley failed to fulfill the stipulations of that treaty, and hence the war gives her estimate of this woman: '' I regard her as one of the and the battle at Little Blue Water in 1855, fought by Gen. most illustrious women of our time. n ·Harney. We conquered them and they subsided. Then followed Take another instance, Gall, :as fine a specimen of manhood, the massacre of 1862 and the wars of Gens. Sully and Sibley in savage manhood, considering his opportunities, as we have ever Minnesota. had in the pages of American history. Take Wahnita, of Devils In the treaty which followed the close of those wars we again Lake Reservation, hereditary chief of the Chippewas; a man who stipulated in a general way for the education of their children. fromalongline of ancestral chiefs has inherited a dignity of char­ We let that treaty remain unfulfilled on our part for twenty years, acter, an eloquence, a true manhood, such as is seldom found never positively repudiating but nBverfulfilling it. Then in 1876 among our own citizens. we sent out commissioners to the Black Hills to treat for the ces­ Do you tell us these people are not worth educating and taking sion of that region. Gold had been discovered, and a great tide care of? Sir, they are increasing in numbers instead of decreas­ of young men, full of courage and ambition and greed for gold ing. We must live with them; and the only question is whether was rushing in there. It was found utterly impossible to protect by giving them a fair and reasonable education, such as our own the Indians from that influx, and we sent out commissioners to citizens enjoy, we shall raise them to an educated citizenship, or treat with them with instructions substantially like this: ''Go and whether we shall condemn them to a degraded and outcast exist­ make treaties with those Indians; tell them to leave the Black ence, such as must be a l.a.sting danger to the R epublic. [Ap­ Hills or they will be shot down by the military." plause.] Read the speeches that were made at that time, by such men The CHAIRMAN. In the absence of objection the proforma as Bpotted Tail and Red Cloud and other leading Indians, as they amendment will be regarded as withdrawn. . were reported to this House in 1876, speeches that will compare The Clerk read as follows: very favorably with many that :are made upon this floor, speeches For annual aJlowanee to Capt. R. H. Pratt, in charge of ~aid school, $1,000; laying down the hereditary rights of their race, laying down in all, .$106,000. . the history of these treaties, laying down their desire to be pro­ tected in the quiet and pea{}eable possession of their ancient Mr. MANSUR. Mr. Chairman, I move to amend by striking homes. Read the report of that Commission and the promises out the last line on page 4 7 and that part of the first line of page held out to them in the treaty of1876, in which we agreed, among 48 ending with the word'' dollars." Before addressing the com­ other things, that they should have opportunities for the educa­ mittee I send to the desk to be read an extract from the Wash­ tion of tb eir children. At that time, as we all know, great hordes ington Post of last Saturday week. of buffalo roamed ove·r the prairies of Nebraska and the Da­ The Clerk read as follows: kotas, herds which occupied days and days in crossing the Mis­ PAID BY THE CATHOLIC CHURCH-cHARGES MADE BY SUPERINTENDENT souri River, so that the Indians could get easily all the suste­ J.>RATT, OF THE CARLISLE INDIAN SCHOOL. nance they wanted. CARLISLE, PA., February 1.9. Capt. R. H. Pratt, superintendent of the Indian school, speaking to-da.y in The Pacific railroads crossing .the plains, bringing the hunters referen.oe to the a.ttaeks made by Congressmen STOCKDALE, MANSUR, a.nd and the sportsmen out ther.e, utterly destroyed the herds which PENDLETON on the a.pproprta.tion, said: had been the means of subsistence fur these savages from time im­ "They were made through the Ca.tholic.Church, in paying Congressmen to attack the national schools, because they are detrimental ro their pa.rO<'hial l!lBmorial~ We have taken from them their best lands; we have schools, whieh are given three times the amount by tho Government that taken from them the Black Hills; the necessities of our modern other denomJnati.ons receive." · 1576 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ FEBRUARY 29,

Hefurthersta.tedtha.tCongressma.nMA.NsURtolda.nuntruthinhisspeech­ that out of seventy Indians which had returned from this school fifty had in the RECORD, that it turns out on an examination-! see my relapsed into a savage state-while he can not name ten who returned to friend from Iowa [Mr. BUTLER] in front of me who gave me the their former savage state. · suggestion-that there are fifteen or twenty Osages on that list who were three years at Carlisle and who have relapsed into bar­ Mr. MANSUR. Mr. Chairman, I have taken my time for ten barism. Gentlemen defending the school at Carlisle do not refer days past for a reply without getting into an angry passion at to them in any manner, but I have been informed within the last this most savage and baseless charge. I desire to say that with ten minutes on this floor that they understood I said that the In­ me, as I have no doubt with every other member of the House, dians who had relapsed into barbarism were graduates of that the fact that a man was an army officer was a synonym for a per­ school and were of the Osage tribe. fect gentleman. I can not then understand why this gentleman, I do not know whether I said they were graduates or not. If Capt. Pratt, who, I understand, is an army officer detailed from I did it was an unfortunate use of the word. It was not my in­ the Army, drawing his salary as a captain in the Army, but as­ tention to have said so, and it did not convey my meaning. My signed to the management of this Carlisle schoolr should under­ understanding was, and I so in tended to state, that of the Indians take to defame and defile members of this House by wholesale. who had been at that school, of the Osage Tribe, numbering I understu.nd my friend from West Virginia [Mr. PENDLETON] someseventyinall-there andatHampton-thatofthat number I has already said something. I believe my friend from Missis­ was informed about fifty had, on their return to the tribe, relapsed sippi [Mr. STOCKDALE] has been quiet, being in entire a{}cord into blanket degradation, assuming the~lanketand breech-clout, with myself and waiting with me this opportunity for our self­ and in all other respects returning to the condition of the sav­ defense. - ages. To those who know me personally and well, I believe little or For these reasons, _fr. Chairman, I favor this motion to strike no defense at my hands is necessary as against this base and un­ out the amount of the appropriation. founded charge. To the country, I desire to say that the Cath­ [Here the hammar fell.] olic Church, rich as it may be, has not money enough at its com­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. !would liketoask.thegen­ mand to buy me to make a speech of the character I made ten tleman aquestion. I would like to know whether you have made days ago uponlndianeducation, withoutmy judgment warranted any effort-and if so, what-to satisfy you that Capt. Pratt is cor­ my utterances. I think, sir, the Catholic Church can not do a!ly­ rectly reported? thing better, in the way of exercising itsgreatpoliticalpowerin Mr. MANSUR. I say, if be is correctly reported-- this nation, than to demand the absolute removal of Capt. Pratt. Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. That is to say, you have The insult is greater to that church than it is to myself. made no effort whatever. Mr. Chairman, I have for over twenty-five years practiced my Mr. MANSUR. I say that he must have seen theRECORD-­ profession as a lawyer. In that time I have prosecuted and de­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. Thereportof his interview fended many criminals. It has been a part and parcel of my ob­ wa3 not in the RECORD. servation and experience to find men of doubtful reputation, when­ Mr. MANSUR. That is true. It was in theWashington Post, ever assailed for any cause, endeavor to justify themselves by which I have had read. It was also in the St. Louis papers, and, making unwarranted impeachment of the character and motives· I suppose, was an Associated Press dispatch. of others, and always of a kind in harmony with their own char­ Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The refutation of it was in the REC­ acter. I have, therefore, no hesitation in saying that Capt. ORD. Pratt, in charging that I and others were bought up, lays him­ Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. As I understand the gen­ self open to the charge that upon occasion he can be bought also. tleman, he has ma.de no effort to ascertain whether Capt. Pratt This quality, I regret to say, has been exhibited so unmistak­ was correctly reported. ably by Capt. Pratt, that I am strongly of opinion this $1,000 ex­ Mr. MANSUR. My remarks are based upon the hypothesis tra pay ought to be stricken out. that he is correctly reported. Mr. BUCHANAN of New Jersey. Let me ask the gentleman Mr. SMITH of Arizona. Several members on the floor re­ a question. ferred to it, and no denial has ever come from any source. If it Mr. MANSUR. I can not yield to the gentleman now. is possible he saw the speech, it is possible he saw the balance. But, Mr. Chairman. I have another and a stronger reason why Mr. STOCKDALE addressed the Chair and was recognized. this appropriation should be stricken out. It is a characteristic Me. PEEL. I hope the gentleman will yield to me to allow of the Indian everywhere, as far as I have ever heard or read me to move that the committee do now rise. of him, that he is a man of infinite patience, and must be dealt Several MEMBERS. Let him make his statement first. with in the most patient and kindly way. ,If anyone undertakes to Mr. PEEL. Very well. make a treaty with Indians or has undertaken to have a powwow Mr. STOCKDALE. Mr. Chairman, I have not much to say. _ of any kind with them, he knows the solemnity with which they I am not much in favor of advertising these fellows in the REC­ reach a conclusion, and the gravity and patience that they ex­ ORD. It goes over the country and gives them a notoriety prob­ hibit on such occasions; and when an Indian makes a talk of five ably to which they are not entitled. But since it has gone in the minutes, or for any length of time, at theendof his little speech RECORD and my name appears there under an insinuation of the pipe of peace is smoked again, and sent around the circle; and that sort., I want to say something in reference to it. I believe so it oftentimes takes days to accomplish what Americans would I will rise in the defense of Capt. Pratt. I do not say that this do within an hour. newspaper report is true. The Post reports it as having been If, then, the Indian is by nature so patient and reasons so dis­ said at Carlisle by Capt. Pratt. I was informed indirectly from passionat~ly to ~ke a position of any sort, that, in my judgiD:e~t, the Post that it came in the Associated Press dispatches. is conclusive eVIdence that Capt. Pratt lacks one of the quaht1es The Post simply says that Capt. Pratt said that. I do not know necessary to fithimfor the managementof Indian children,when whether he did or not. I know that whoever spoke those words, he can get himself into such a passion with men of whom he who:wer originated them, they contain and utter a base, a knows but little and at such distance away. [Applause.] Under­ slanderous, and a cowardly falsehood. Whoever is responsible stand me, this Post article appeared in Washington the morning for putting them in circulation may respond to that. But what after my remarks were printed in the RECORD; my remarks are I was going to say in the interest of Capt. Pratt, if he did utter made on the assumption that this dispatch is true. those words, is that probably he is not to blame for it. A man Carlisle is but a short dist~nce from here, only a few hours' who without evidence-I suppose it is a man-can suspect other run, and Capt. Pratt undoubtedly saw the REOORD, for he speaks men that he never knew or saw of being moved by corrupt mo­ of matters that he could only have learned by reference to the tives can very readily and naturally come to that conclusion, be­ RECORD. In the Associated Press dispatches published on the cause he would do the same thing under the same circum­ same day, which I took occasion to examine, there were not more stances, and you can not expect a man to believe that other men than four or five or six lines of allusion to my speech. There­ are better than he himself is. fore be must have seen the RECORD. There is in it, !remember, A man with a base spirit can easily believe that other men are this statement, that I cannot name ten menamongst the Osages actuated by venal motives. It is very easy for him to believe that who have relapsed into barbarism since they left that school. men would act from base rather than noble impulses, for he must That is true; I can not name one. But I gave the names of have the internal evidence to satisfy him. A religious bigot, my two informants, and one of these is chief of police of the na­ without Christianity, can very readily get his own consent to cast tion; the other a man who was a half-blood of the tribe, and at an aspersion upon another denomination. I have known many differenttimes, as I was informed, wasadelegatefrom the Osage Catholics. I am about the last man they would come to to for­ tribe of Indians to this Government. I gave the names in that ward their interests. A Scotch-Irish Presbyterian and a brother­ address. ·I stated that they were my informants and that they in-law of the Baptist Church, I am about the last man who would had said so and so, and they can and did name more than ten. be e·xpected to espouse their cause for any consideration. I am informed by a gentleman who saw the statistics that my I have known a great many g-ood Catholics; I have known friend from Pennsylvania [Mr. BELTZHOOVER] had in his hands some very mean ones; but I never knew one mean enough to and referred to in his remarks to-day, and which will be printed make such a charge as that contained in the lanw11't~e just read 1892. CONGRESSION-AL · RECORD-HOUSE. 1577

from the desk without evidence; and while I believe the tenets much of the people's money spent on it, and thus get the money of the Catholic Church are many of them seriously wrong, I de­ by a sort of blackmailing operation. spise a religious bigot. "By their works ye shall know them." Mr. PEEL. I move that the committee do now rise. Mr. STOCKDALE'S time having expired, by unanimous consent The motion was agreed to. The committee accordingly rose; it was extended five minutes. and the Speaker having resumed the chair, Mr. BYNUM, from Mr. STOCKDALE. Gentlemen who surround me who fignred the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, in either army in the unfortunate war that has passed, will re­ reported that that committee had had under consideration the member when the soldiers lay in their trenches day after day pill (H. R. 5974) making appropriations for current and contin­ a.nd week after week, in the snow and rain without shelter, who gent expenses, and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with Indian were the chaplains and the religious men who stayed with the tribes for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893, and had come to no boys in the trying hours. They were the Catholic priests. Other resolution thereon. men had gone off to seek shelter, away from the hardships and Mr. CATCHINGS. I move that the House do now adjourn. the dangers. I once saw in my own State-- The SPEAKER. Before putting the motion, the Chair will Mr. MILLIKEN. Will my friend allow me to ask him a ques­ submit personal requests of members. tion right here? LEAVE OF ABSENCE. Mr. STOCKDALE. Yes, if you do not make a speech. Mr. MILLIKEN. I am not accustomed to when I ask, a ques- By unanimous consent, lea,ve of absence was granted as follows: tion. " To Mr. SCULL, indefinitely, on account of death in his family. Mr. STOCKDALE. Do not say that, in the interest of the To Mr. SPRINGER, indefinitely, on account of severe illness. truth. [Laughter.] The motion to adjourn was then agreed to; and accordingly Mr. MILLIKEN. Well, I will ask the gentleman a question (at 5 o'clock and 15 minutes p. m.) the HO-Use adjourned. in the interest of the truth. Does the gentleman intend to have it tmderstood from hif;l remarks that the Protestant chaplains REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. shirked their duty? Mr. STOCKDALE. If the gentleman will let me choose my Unde1· clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions were own phraseology, I have some knowledge of the English lan­ severally reported from committees, delivered to the Clerk, and guage and I prefer to make my remarks in my own way. referred to the Committee of the Whole House, as follows: · Mr. MILLIKEN. I have asked the gentleman a direct ques­ By Mr. PENDLETON, from the Committee on the Public tion. Lands: A bill (H. R. 801) for the relief of the estate of Isaac W. Mr. STOCKDALE. I will inform the gentleman privately if Talkington. (Report No~ 481.) he will come to my room. By Mr. WILSON, from the Committee on Pensions: Mr. MILLIKEN. The gentleman can evade it if he wants to. A bill (H. R. 2393) granting a pension to William S. Wood­ Mr. STOCKDALE. What I say is that many people sent out_ ward. (Report No. 485.) as chaplains in both armies were not there in those trenches, in A bill (H. R. 5200) with an amendment for the relief of Betsey the frozen snows, and in the brunt of battle. Many a man died Worthington. (Report No. 486. ) without a prayer being said over him-few Catholics died with­ A bill (H. R. 3767) granting an increase of pension to George out extreme unction. I once saw in my own State, as I was about W. White. (Report No. 487. ) to say when the gentleman interrupted me, a coach full of soldiers A bill (H. R. 3587) for the relief of Jonathan Ramey, Mexican who were, some of them, intoxicated, and in great confusion, and war veteran. (Report No. 488.) who could not be controlled. A Sister of Charity entered ... the A bill (H. R. 5342) granting a pension to Harmon H. McElvey. car, a.nd there was silence in a moment as soon as they saw her. (Report No. 489.) Wherever the camp was, wherever there was suffering, wher­ By Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina, from the Committee ever there were men who were dying, these people were minis­ on Pensions: tering angels. I say that when epidemics prevail in this coun­ A bill (H. R. 5734) granting a pension to Eliza M. Boatright, try, when other men run away, the Catholics go to the place of the surviving widow of Alexander M. Boatright, who was a sol­ danger and risk their lives and die, if need be, in the interests dier in the Black Hawk war. (Report No. 490.) · of humanity-priests and the Sisters of Charity. Such people do A bill (H. R. 5364) granting a pension to Mary Gatlin. {Report not attempt the crime of bribery. No. 491.} When you gentlemen of the North, seeing that dark cloud A bill (H. R. 5363) granting a pension to David C. Barrow. hanging over the fair land of the South like a brooding Nemesis, {Report No. 492.) opened your hearts and your pocketbooks, when your action By Mr. NORTON, from the Committee on Pensions: meant lemons and ice and nurses and doctors to the fever-stricken A bill (H. R. 5383) to increase the pension of Aaron V. Hamil­ regions-God knows I was glad you had the money-it was the ton, late a member of Fremont's Battalion, Mexican war. (Re­ Catholic priests and sisters of charity who dispensed your dona­ port No. 493.) tions in many instances. Hand in hand with other brave people A bill (H. R. 5330} for the relief of F'redrick Meredith, late did they do God's work. I say he who would cast an aspersion of soldier in the Indian war of 1832. (Report No. 494.) that sort upon a denomination of Christians ~nd assert that they would use the venal, disgraceful, and contemptible means of money CHANGE OF REFERENCE. to influence men to attack schools-he who would utter such an aspersion upon another denomination can not be a Christian. If Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committee was discharged from he belongs to a church himself-well, as the fellow said of Texas, the consideration of the following bill; which was re-referred as "I am sorry for the church." Now, I have nothing further to follows: say on that subject. I would like to ask the chairman of the Com­ A bill (H. R. 4023) gran ingapension to Philip G. Dunn-Com­ mittee on Indian Affairs if Capt. Pratt is an army officer? mittee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and referred to the Com­ Mr. PEEL. I understand he is. mittee on Pensions. Mr. STOCKDALE. Does he draw pay as captain in the Army? Mr. PEEL. I do not know, but suppose he does. He has been BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. at the school ever since I have known anything about it. I Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials think he is an army officer and draws pay as captain. of the following titles were introduced, severally read twice, and Mr. STOCKDALE. I am told he draws pay as captafu in the referred as follows: United States Army, and he does not one solitary bit of service By Mr. PENDLETON: A bill (H. R. 6641) to declare bridges as captain in the military service. constructed over navigable waters under charters granted by the Mr. BUSHNELL. Getting $2,800? States, and approved by the Secretary of War, lawful structures Mr. STOCKDALE. Drawing $2,800 a year as captain, if that and military and post-roads-to the Committee on Interstate and be correct, for which he returns not one dollar's worth of service Foreign Commerce. to the United States Government? By Mr. MALLORY: A bill (H. R. 6642) granting right of way, Mr. MILLIKEN. No prayers at all? etc., to the Mexican Gulf, Pacific and Puget Sound Railroad Com­ Mr. STOCKDALE. And he gets $1,000 for his services at this pany through public lands in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and school. .Now, then, I understand that the gentlemen who are Tennessee, and through the naval reseryation near Pensacola, connected with the school, except the superintendent, are gen­ Fla.-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. tlemen of high character, and that the lady teachers are ladies Also, a bill (H. R. 6643) granting to the Mexican Gulf, Pacific of high character, and why they should want such a man as this I and Puget Sound Railroad Company the right to build bridges do not know, unless it be that they are willing to accept the serv­ over certain rivers in the State of Alabama-to the Committee ice o' a man who stands as a sort of sentinel on the walls of the on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. school to slander any man who undertakes to say that there is too By Mr. WILSON of West Virginia: A bill (H. R. 6M4) to 1578 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 29,

amend an act entitled "An act authorizing the sale of title of the By M.r. CAMINETTI: A bill (H. R. 6744) to create the Cali­ United States in lot 3, in square south of square 990," approved fornia debris commission, prescribe its duties, and define its March 3, 1891·-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. powers, and to regulate hydraulic mining on the tributaries of Also, a bill (H. R. 6645) to amend section 2998 of the Revised the Sacramento and San Joaquin River systems in the State of Statutes-to the Committee on the Judiciary. California-to the Committee on Mines and Mining. · Also (by request, a bill (H. R. 6646) to pay for alley condemned By Mr. HAUGEN: A bill (H. R. 6745) to establli>h a subport of in square No. 493, in the city of Washington, D. C.-to the Com­ entry and delivery at Superior, Wis., in the Superior collection mittee on District of Columbia.. district-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. CLARKE of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 6647) to provide By Mr. CRAIN: A joint r esolution (H. Res. 93) proposing for the construction of a shell road from a pofnt on the Bay shell amendments to the Constitution substituting the 31st day of De­ road, between Frascati and Dauphin streets, in the city of Mo­ cember for the4thdayofMarch asthecommencementand termi­ bile, in the State of Alabama, to the national cemetery, in the nation of the official term of members of the House of Representa­ county of Mobile, in said State-to the Committee on Military tives and of United States Senators, and providing that Congress Affairs. shall hold its annual meeting on the second Monday in January, By Mr. DAVIS: A bill (H. R. 6648) to establish a commission and substituting the 30th of April for the 4th day of March as to compel the use of safety appliances on all railroads engaged the date Ior t he commencement and limitation of the term of in interstate commerce and to protect railroad employes from the President and Vice-President-to the Select Committee on overwork and underpay, and for other purposes-to the Com­ Election of President and Vice-President and Representatives mittee on Interstate and Foreig-n Commerce. in Congress. By Mr. OUTHWAITE: A bill (H. R. 6649) to extend the pro­ By Mr. CHIPMAN: A joint resolution (H. Res. 94) to inquire VIsions of an act to provide for the muster and pay of certain offi­ into the operation of the anti-Jewishlawsof RussiaonAmerican cers and enlisted men of the volunteer forces-to the Committee citizens-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. on Military Affairs. By Mr. RUSK: A r esolution asking for an annual clerk to the Also, a bill (H. R. 6650) to amend section 9 of an act for the re­ Committee on Accounts-to the Committee on Accounts~ lief of certain volunteer and regular soldiers of the late war and By Mr. ENLOE: A resolution calling on the Secretary of the of the war with Mexico-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Treasury for information as to the increase and decrease of .sal­ By Mr. STACKHOUSE: A bill (H. R. 6651) to r13peal the du- · aries in the Coast and Geodetic Survey-to the Committee on ties on manufactured cotton goods, and for other purposes-to the Expendi~ures in the Treasury Department. Committee on Ways and Means. '- By Mr. CURTIS: A bill (H. R. 6652) to abolish the punishment PRIVATE BILLS, ETC. of death and substitute therefor imprisonment for life-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills of the following By Mr. BRECKINRIDGE of Kentucky: A bill (H. R. 6653) titles were presented and refe1·red as indicated below: to provide for the industrial development of the United States By Mr. ARNOLD: A bill (H. R. 6667) granting a pension to and to reduce the revenue-to the Committee on Ways and Andrew Schoen-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Means. By Mr. BOWMAN: .A bill (H. R. 6668) granting anincrease of Also, a bill (H. R. 6654) to declare trusts unlawful, toadmitcer- pension to John Stockwell-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ tain imports free of duty, and for other purposes-to the Com- sions. mittee on Ways and Means. Also, a bill {H. R. 6669) granting a pension to Mrs. Mary Jane By Mr. BRAWLEY (by request): A bill (H. R. 6655) to speedily Shaw-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. increase the volume of the circulating medium by issuing money Also, a bill (H. R. 6670) granting a pension to Mrs. B. Jennie direct to the people, etc.-to the Committee on Banking and Murray-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Currency. By Mr. BRAWLEY (by request): A bill (H. R. 6671) for the By Mr. HARVEY: A bill (H. R. 6651) granting, upon condi- relief of Honorah Armstrong, administratrix, etc.-to the Com­ tions and under limitations therein contained, the assent of the mittee on War Claims. United States to a-certain lease to prospect for and to mine cer- Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6672) for the relief of _Thomas tain minerals (not including stone, coal, and iron ore), in the Black-to the Committee on War Claims. Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory-to the Committee on Indian Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6673) for the Telief of Wiley T. Affairs. Burge, etc.-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. HEMPIDLL: A bill (H. R. 6658) to vacate Madison Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6674) for the relief of Thomas street and extend Y street, in Burleith, in the District of Colum- B. Chaplin-to the Committee on War Claims4 . bia-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Also {by request), a bill {H. R. 66'75) for the relief of Mary A. By Mr. BENTLEY: A bill (H. R. 6659) to amend paragraph Capers-to the Committee on War Claims. 122 of Schedule B of the act entitled "An act to :reduce the rev- Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 66'76) for the relief oi Edward enue and equalize duties on imports, and for other purposes," Capers-to the Committee on War Claims. _ approved October 1, 1890-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6677) for the relief of FrancisT. By Mr. WATSON: A bill (H. R. 6660) to establish a system of Capers-to the Committee on War Claims. subtreasuries, and for other purposes-to the Committee on Ways Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6678) for the relief of W. A. and Means. Chisholm-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. HERMANN: A bill (H. R. 6661) to amenQ. section 2 of Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6679) for the relief of William an act entitled "An act to amend section 1661 of the Revised G. Capers-to the Committee on.. War Claims. Statutes, making an annual appropriation to provide arms and Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6680) for the relief of Robert equipments for the militia," approved February 12, 1887-to the De T. Ellis-to the Committee on War Claims. Committee on the Militia. - Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6681) for the relief of Augusta Also, a bill (H. R. 6662) to amend an act entitled "An act to E. Fripp-to the Committee on War Claims. reorganize and establish the customs collection district of Puget Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6682) for the relief of B. E. Fripp, Sound," approved August 28, 1890-to the Committee on Inter- administrator-to the Committee on War Claims. state and Foreign Commerce. Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6683) for the relief of Elizabeth Also, a bill (H. R. 6663) to amend an act entitled "An act to and Joseph J. Fripp, executors, etc.-to the Committee on War authorize the Oregon and Washington Bridge Company to con- Claims. · struct and maintain a bridge .across the Columbia River between Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6684) for the relief of William the State of Oregon and the State of Washington, and to estab- 0. P. Fripp-to the Committee on War Claims. lish it as a post-road"-to the Committee on Interstate and For- Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6685) ior the relief of W. 0. P. eign Commerce. Fripp, administrator, etc.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6664) for the relief of purchasers of lands Also (by request), a. bill (H. R. 6686) for the relief of Moses withinthelimitsoftheUmatillaindianR.eserva.tion-totheCom- Goldsmith-to the Committee on War Claims. mittee on the Public Lands. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6687) for the relief of the legal Also, a bill (H. R. 6665) extending the privilege of bounty land representatives of Albert L. Haseltine-to the Committee on topersonswhoservedin the Indian wars of the UnitedSta.tes.sub- War Claims. sequent to March 3,1855-totheCommitteeon the Public Lands. . Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6688) for the relief of John A. By Mr. O'NEIL of Massachusetts:. A bill (H. R4 6666) to amend Ha;nilton and William H. Perryclear-to the Committee on War chapter E66 of the acts of the year 1888, being an act to amend an Claims. actentitled "Anacttodetermmethejurisdictionof circuitcourts · Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6689)for the relief of DanielP. of the United States, and toregulatethe removal ofcaUBesfrom Jenkins-to the Committee on War Claims# State .courts, and for other purposes "-to the Committee on the .Also {b.,Y request), .a. bill (H. R. 6690) for the relief of William Judiciary. Morrison-to the "Committee on War Claims. 1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1579

Also {by request), a bill (H. R. 6691) for the relief of Edward By Mr. McCLELLAN: A bill (H. R. 6'729) for the relief of W. Marshall, surviving partner, etc.-to the Committee on War William T. Ferguson, as assistant surgeon of One hundred and rn~s. . thirty-ninth and One hundred and forty-second Indiana Volun­ Also (by request}, a bill {H. R. 6692) for the relief of John B. teers-to the.Committee on Military Affairs. Miller-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. NEWBERRY: A bill (H. R. £730} granting a pension Also (by request}, a bill (H. R. 6693) for the relief of Thomas to Hedwig Voss, widow of Arno Voss, colonel Illinois volun­ Means-to the Committee on War Claims. teers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6694) for the relief of Alfred H. By Mr. O'DONNELL: A bill (H. R. 6'731) granting a pension McTureous-to the Committee on War Cla.ims. to Mariana Smith-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6695) for the relief of Robert By Mr. OTIS: A bill (H. R. 6732) for the relief of William-G. Oswald-to the Committee on War Claims. Raymond-to the Committee on War Claims. · Also (by request} a bill (H. R. 6696) for the relief of Clifford . Also, a bill (H. R. 6733) granting an honorable discharge to Oakman-to the Committee on War Claims. Abraham Trout-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6697} for the relief of Heph J. By Mr. OWENS: A bill (H. R. 6'734) granting additional pen­ Pope-to the Committee on War Claims. · sion to William H. Nevitt-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Also (by reque.st), a bill (H. R. 6698) for the relief of Francis sions. M. Pritchard-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 6735) tore­ Also {by request), a bill (H. R. 6699) for the relief of Ann E. fer the claim against the United States of Nancy E. Dickens, of Pritchard and 0. J. Pritchard-to the Committee on War Boliver, Hardeman County, Tenn.~ to the Court of Claims-to the Claims. Committee on War Claims. / Al.so (by request), a bill (H. R. 6700) for the relief of Stephney By Mr. PATTON: A bill (H. R. 6736} granting a pension to Riley-to the Committee on War Claims. Josiah Drummond, late of Company C, First illinois Cavalry Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6701) for the relief of John R. Volunteers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Read-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6737) granting a pension to Delzell R. Brad­ Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6702} for the relief of the heirs ford, Twenty-fourth Michig~n Volunteers-to the Committee on of L. Reeve Sams-to the Committee on War Claims. Invalid Pensions. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6703) for the relief of Henry C. By Mr. RAYNER: A bill (H. R. 6738) granting a pension to Stoll-to the Committee on War Claims. Caroline Whittle-to the Committee on Pensions. Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6704) for the relief of Eugenia By Mr. O'NEILL of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. 6739) to re­ F. Sams-to the Committee on War Claims. move the charge of desertion standing against Philip Jackson- Also (by request), a bill {H. R. 6705) for the relief af Julius J. to the Committee on Military Affairs. ~ Sams-to the Committee on War Claims. By-Mr. BERGEN: A bill (H. R. 6740) making an appropriation Also (by request}, a bill (H. R. 6700) fpr the relief of Stephen for the improvement of Salem River, in the State .of New Jer­ E. Scanlan, administrator, etc.-to the Committee on War Claims. sey-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6707) f!Jr the relief of t?-e heirs, By Mr. SPERRY: A bill (H. R. 6141) granting an honorable etc., of E. T. Sturdivant-to the ComiiDttee on Wal.· Clarms. discharge to Wilmar A. Schlag-to the Committee on Military Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6708) for the relief of Franklin Affairs. , Talbird, executor, etc.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6742} granting an honorable discharge to Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6709) for the relief of Franklin Thomas Morrison-to the Committee on Military Affairs. · Talbird-to the Committee on War Claims. ~V By Mr. VINCENT A. TAYLOR: A bill (H. R. 6743) for the Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6710) for the relief of Henry H. relief of Eugene B. Payne-to the Committee on Pensions. Von Harten-to the Committee on War Claims. Also (by request),.a bill (H. R. 6711) for the relief of Frederick Williams-to the Committee on War Claims. PETITIONS, ETC. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6712) for the relief of George W. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and pa­ Williams & Co.-to the Committee on War Claims. pers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows~ Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6713) for the relief of Thomas By Mr. ~<\.MERMAN: Petition of Madison Grange,Laokawana G. White, executor, etc.-to the Committee on War Claims. County, Pa., praying for frae delivery of rural mail$-to the Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6714) for the relief of Thomas Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. G. White-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, petition of the same body to encourage silk culture-to Also {by request}, a bill (H. R. 6715) for the relief of Edward the Committee on Agriculture. T. Walker-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, petition of the same body, praying for the passage of a Also, a bill (H. R. 6716} for the relief of Miss Rosina Dela pure-lard bill-to the Committee on Agriculture. Torre-to the Committee on War Claims. - ALso., memorial of the same body, prohibiting contracts dis­ By Mr. BRECICil'I"-RIDGE of Kentucky: A bill (H. R. 6717) to crediting legal-1ender currency-to the Committee on Coinage, increase the pension of Andrew J. Aubrey-to the Committee Weights, a:1dMeasures. on Pensions. · Also, memorial of the same body, against gambling in farm . Also, a bill (H. R. 6718) to increase the pension of L. D. Owen­ products-to the Committee on Agriculture. to 'the Committee on Pensions. Also, memorial of the same body, praying for the passage of a By Mr. BRETZ: A bill (H. R. 6719) for the relief of William law against the adulteration of foods and drugs-to the Com­ K. Whitsett-to the Committee on War Claims. · mittee on Agriculture~ By Mr. CATE: A bill (H. R. 6720) for the relief of the Fourth By Mr. BERGEN: Memorial of Woodstown (N. J.) Grange, Arkansas Mounted Infantry-to the Committee on Military Af- Patrons of Husbandry, for the passage of a law defining lard and M~ . imposing a tax thereon-to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. CRAIG: A bill (H. R.6721) to correctthemilitaryrec­ Also, petition of the same body, for a law to prevent dealing in ord of Capt. A. J. Barr, of Company E, Ringgold Batt~on, Penn­ options and futures-to the Committee on Agriculture. sylvania. Volunteer Cavalry-to the Committee on Military Af­ Also, petition of the same body, for the free delivery of mails fairs. in rural districts-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post- . By Mr. DOAN: A bill (H. R. 6722) granting a pension to .Tulia Roads. Mcintyre-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of the same body, for a law preventing the adul­ By Mr. CRAWFORD: A bill (H. R. 6723} for the relief of Da­ teration of food and drugs-to the Committee on Agricultm·e. vid Owl and Nillster Davis-to-the Committee on Indian Affairs. Also, petition of the same body, for the encouragei:IWnt of silk Also, a bill (H. R. 6724) for the relief of George C. Haynie­ culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. BRICKNER: Petition-t>f the citizens of Port Wash· By Mr. EPES: A bill(H. R. 6725)forthe relief of thelegalrep­ ington, Wis., urging the passage of House bi11186, placi-ng used resentativesof Capt. Isaac Hicks-to the Committee on Cl~s. and unused postage stamps on the free list-to the Committee on By Mr. HERMANN: A bill {H. R. 6726) to increase the pen­ the Post-Office and Post-Roads. sion of Arethusa Wright-to the Committee on Inva.I.id Pensions. By Mr. BRETZ: Petition andaffida'titsofMaryG.Giles, to ac­ Also, a bill (H. R. 6727) for repayment of purchase money to company House bill 3764, for pension-to -the Committee on In- E. C. Masten on erroneous entry of public lands-to the Com­ valid Pensions. ..___, mittee on the Public Lands. By Mr. BROOKSHIRE~ Papers to accompany HottSe bill-64.98, By Mr.LOCKWOOD{byrequest): A bill{H.R. 6728)granting for the relief of Sanford Graham-to the Oommittee on Mil.itar_y arrears of pension to Pauline M. Beach, widow of HenryS. Beach, Affairs. deceased, late of Company B, Sixth Regiment Michigan Infantry By Mr~ BURROWS: Petition of citizens of Michigan, asking Volunteers, and First Regiment Michigan Heavy Artillery Vol­ for equalization of salaries of letter~arriers-to th~ Commit-tee unteers-to the Committee on .Military .Afi'airs. on the Post--Office .and Post-Roads. 1580 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY. 29, By Mr. BUSHNELL: Resolution of the Chamber of Commerce AJ.so, peti~ion of citizens of Econ?my, Wayn~ County, Ind., of the city of Milwaukee, Wis., asking Congress to purchase the agamst holdmg the World's Columbian Exposition on the Sab­ Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal and to appropriate $81,833.48 therefor, bath day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. pursuant to the memorial of the Legislature of the State of Wis­ Also, petition of Latu Grange, No. 607, of Indiana, praying for consin asking the same-to the Committee on Rivers and Har­ the passage of the pure-food bill-to the Committee on Agricul­ bors. ture. By Mr. CLARK of Wyoming: Petitionof 506residentsofAlmy, By Mr. KRIBBS: Petition of Miles Grange, No ~ 1057, of Penn­ Uinta County, Wyo., praying for the passageof anacttoexclude sy1 vania, in favor of the act making certain issues of money a full Chinese immigration-to the Select Committee on Immigration legarl tender in payment of all debts-to the Committee on Coin­ and Naturalization. age, Weights, and Measures. By Mr. CRAIG: Petitionof Je:ffersonGrange,No.314,ofPenn­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of the free delivery sylvania, to prev~nt adulteration of food and drugs-to the Com­ of mails in the rural districts-to the Committee on the Post­ mittee on Agriculture. Office and Post-Roads. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of free ·delivery of Also, petition of the same body, in favor of legislation for the l'ural mails-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. encouragement of silk-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395, de­ Also., pe~ition of the same body, in favor of a law to prevent fining lard and imposing a tax thereon-to the Committee on gamblmg m farm products-to the Committe~ on Agriculture. Agriculture. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395-to Also, petition of the same body, to prevent gambling in farm the Committee on Agriculture. products-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of Progress Grange, No. 96, of Pennsylvania, in Also, petition of the same body, making certain issues of money favor of House bill39-to the Committee on Agriculture. full legal tender in payment of debts-to the Committee on Coin­ Also, petition of the same body, making certain issues of money age, Weights, and Measures. a full legal tender for payment of debts-to the Committee on Also, petition of Forward Grange, No. 1003, of Pennsy1 vania, in Coinage, Weights, and Measures. . favor of free delivery of rural maile-to the Committee on the Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer­ Post-Office and Post-Roads. tain issues of money a full legal tender for payment of debts-to Also, petition of the same body, in favor of a law preventing the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. gambling in farm products-to the Committee on Agriculture. Alw, petition of the same body, in favor of an act to prevent Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395, de­ gambling in future products-to the Committee on Agriculture. fining lard and imposing a tax thereon-to the Committee on Ag­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of legislation for the riculture. encouragement of silk culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of Woodside Grange, No. 1008, in favor of mak­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of the free delivery of ing certain issues of money legal tender in payment of all debts­ mail in rural districts-to the Committee on the Post-Office and to the Committee on Coinage, Weights and Measures. Post-Roads. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395, de­ Also, petition of Mount Joy Grange, No. 584, of Pennsylvania, fining lard and imposing a t.ax thereon-to the Committee on Ag­ in favor of legislation for the encouragement of silk culture-to riculture. the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of free delivery of Also, petition of the same body, in favor of a law to prevent rural mails-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. gambling in farm products-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of a law to prevent Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer-· gambling in farm products-to the Committee on Agriculture. tain issues of money full legal tender in payment of all debts-to Also, petition of the same body, in favor of legislation for the the Committee on Agriculture. · encouragement of silk culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395, de-_ Also, resolution of the Farmers' Institute, of Connellsville, fining lard-to the Committee on Agriculture. Fayette County, Pa., in favor of free rural mail delivery-to the Also, petition of the same body, in favor of extending the free Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. delivery of mails to rural districts-to the Committee on the Post­ Also, petition of Robert M. Whinney, of Homestead, Pa., for Office and Post-Roads. the extension of free-mail delivery to towns of 5,000 inhabitants~ Also, petition of Cherry Run Grange, No. 733, of Pennsylvania.,' to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. in favor of extending the free delivery of mails to the rural dis­ By Mr. DOCKERY: Petition of citizens of De Kalb County, tricts-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. · Mo., asking that Congress forbid the opening of the World's Fair Also, petition of the same body,· in favor of legislation for the to visitors on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian encouragement of silk culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. Exposition. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer· By Mr. HALLOWELL: Petition of Middletown(Pa.)Grange, tain issues of money a full legal t ender in payment of all debts­ No. 684, for the enactment of a law extending the free delivery to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and :Measures. of mails to country districts-to the Committee on the Post­ Also, petition of the same body in favor of House bill 395, de­ Office and Post-Roads. fining lard, etc.-to the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. HAUGEN: Protest of A.S. Bennett Post, of Downing; Also, petition in favor of a law to prevent gamblinD' in farm of A. R. Humphrey Post, of Knapp; of Charles Coleman Post, products-to the Committee on Agriculture. o of Durand; of John E. Perkins Post, of Augusta; of Custer Post, Also, petition of Victor Grange, No. 159, of P ennsylvania, in of Rock Elm, and of W. W. Olds Post, of Turtle Lake, Grand favor of House bill 395, defining lard, etc.-to the Committee on Army of the Republic, Department of Wisconsin, against the Agriculture. free coinage of silver-to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer­ and Measures. tain issues of money full legal tender in payment of all debts­ By Mr. HENDERSON of Iowa: Papers from D. R. Fillmore, to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. commander of A. B. Wallace Post, No. 488, Grand Army of the Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer­ Republic, Dows, Iowa, opposing the free coinage of silver-to tain issues of money full legal tender in payment of all debts­ the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. Also, paper from Dr. J. Burbank, commander of St. Broden Also, petition of the same body, in favor of extending the free Post, No. 356, Grand Army of the Republic, Allison, Iowa, for delivery of mails in rural districts-to the Committee on the Post­ the same purpose-to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Office and Post-Roads. Measures. Also, petition of the same body, in favor of a law to pre\'ent Also, paper from members of the faculty of Doane College, gambling in farm products-to the Committee on Agriculture. Crete, Nebr. protesting against the reduction of the appropria­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of legislation for the tions for Indian1 service and education-to the Committee on In­ encouragement of silk culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. dian Affairs. Also, petition of Salem Grange, No. 964, of Pennsylvania, in Also, papers from Mr. John Knapp, adjutant John Broden favor of extending the free delivery of mails to the rural dis­ Post, No. 242, Grand Army of the Republic, Parkersburg, Iowa, tricts-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. opposing the free coinage of silver-to the Committee on Coin­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of House bill 395, de­ age, Weights, and Measures. fining lard, etc.-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, paper from Rev. Alex. G. Wilson, of Hopkinton, Iowa, Also, petition of the same body, in favor of legislation in en­ urging that no money be appropriated for the World's Fair un­ couragement of silk culture-to the Committee on Agriculture. less coupled with the conditon to close the Exposition on Sun­ Also, petition of the same body, in favor of a law to prevent day-to the Select CommittQe on the Columbian Exposition. gambling in farm products-to the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana: Petition of citizens of White Also, petition of the same body, in favor of an act making cer­ Bivin Township, Randolph County, Ind., praying for the passage tain issues of money legal tender in the payments of all debts- of the antioption bill-to the Committee on Agriculture. to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. ' /

1892. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1581

By Mr. McCREARY: Petition of J. E. Huffman, with affida­ in treaties, conflicting international laws may be harmonized, vits to oocompany bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and -an international court established having jurisdiction in By Mr. MILLIKEN: Petition of Monmouth Grange, Me.-to cases which governments shall fall to settle by negotiation. the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. I move that the petition be referred to the Select Committee By Mr. OWENS: Resolution of Buckeye Assembly, Ohio, in on the Quadro-Centennial. favor of the election of United States Senators directly by the The motion was agreed to. people-to the Committee on Election of President and Vice-Pres­ Mr. PEFFER presented a petition of c~rtain citizens of Kan~ ident and Representatives in Congress. sas, praying that an.appropriation be made for the purpose of Also, resolution of the same body, for restricting Chinese im­ irrigating the western part of that State; which was referred to migration-to the Select Committee on Immigration and Nat- the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands. m·alization. . Mr. BUTLER presented the petition of A. W. Gilchrist, of Also, resolution of the same body, praying the enootment of Punta Gorda, Fla., praying that Punta Gorda be made a port of laws prohibiting Chinese from landing upon our shores-to the entry in that State; which was referred to the Committee on Select Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Commerce. Also, petitionof citizens of New Concord, Muskingum County, Mr. VOORHEES presented petitions of'Thorn Creek, Union, Ohio, asking for a certain amendment to the Constitution-to Washington, Harmony, Lotus,' and Forest Granges, Patrons of the Committee on the Judiciary. Husbandry, of Indiana, praying for the passage of the bills to By Mr. RANDALL: Memorial of the Tampa (Fla.) Board of prevent the adulteration of food and drugs, and defining lard Trade, for the maintenance of certain fast-mail service-to the and imposing a tax thereon; which were ordered to lie on the Committee on Railways and Canals. table. · By Mr. RAYNER: Petition of Caroline Whittle, for a pension­ He also presented petitions of Harmony, Washington, Union, to the Committee on Pensions. Forest, and Thorn Creek Granges, Patrons of Husbandry, of In­ By Mr. SHONK: Petition of State Grange No. 1023, of Penn­ diana, praying for the free delivery of the mails in rural districts; sylvania, for the immediate passage of a law prohibiting gam­ which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post­ bling in farm products~to the Committee on Agriculture. Roads. Also, petition of the same body, for the extension of the free He also presented petitions of Harmony, Washington, Union, delivery of mails in the rural districts-to the Committee on the Lotus, Forest, and Thorn Creek Granges, Patrons ofllusbandry, Post-Office and Post-Roads. of Indiana, praying for the passage of the law to prevent gam­ Also, petition of the same body, for the passage of an oot pro­ bling in farm products; which were referred to the Committee on hibiting controots discrediting legal-tender currency-to the the Judiciary. Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. He also presented petitions of Washington, Harmony, Thorn Also, petition of the same body, for the encouragement of silk Creek, and Union Granges, Patrons of Husb'lndry, of Indiana, culture in the United States-to the Committee on Agriculture. praying for the passage of legislation making certain issues of Also, ~titian of the same body, for the immediate passage of money full legal tender in payment of all debts; which were re­ House blli395, defining lard and imposing a tax thereon-to the ferred to the Committee on Finance. Committee on Wayf? and Means. He also presented petition-s of Thorn Creek, Forest, Washing­ Also, petition of the same body, for the prompt passage of a ton, Union, and Harmony Granges, Patrons of Husbandry, of law prohibiting the adulteration of food and drugs-to the Com­ Indiana, praying for the passage of legislation for the encourage­ mittee on Agriculture. ment of silk culture; which were referred to the Committee on By Mr. STORER: Petition and resolutions of George H. Agriculture and Forestry. Thomas Post, Grand Army of iihe Republic, to amend the laws He also presented a petition of the Commandery of the Loyal restricting the civil service-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Legion of the State of Indiana, held at Indianapolis, February 22, · Also, petition and memorial of Bricklayers' Union No. 18, of 1892, praying that an appropriation be made in aid of the build­ Cincinnati, against Chine,se immigration-to the Select Commit­ ing of a chapel at Arlington Cemetery, Virginia; which was re­ tee on Immigration and Naturalization. ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, memorial and petition of Bricklayers Union No. 18, of He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Indiana, pray­ Cincinnati,, in favor of the eight-hour law-to the Committee on ing that Congress prohibit the opening on Sunday of any exposi­ Labor. tion or exhibition at which United States funds are expended; By Mr. CHARLESW. STONE: Petitionofaboutl,OOOcitizens which was referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial of Venango County, Pa., in favor of more effective legislation (Select). · regulating foreign immigration and the qualification for Ameri­ Mr. GORMAN presented a petition of Progress Grange, No.9, can citizenship-to the Select Committee on Immigration and Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, and a petition of Asbestos Naturalization. Grange, No.172, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, praying f01~ By Mr. VINCENT A. TAYLOR: Memorial of W. B. Gamble, the passage of legislation for the encouragement of silk culture; postmaster, and 27 other citizens, of. Akron, Ohio, asking for re­ which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and For­ lief-in matter of duties on postage stamps-to the Committee on estry. the Post-Office and Post-Roads. He also presep.ted the petition of Annie Dulany, off Maryland, Also, resolutions of Ohio State board of health, asking for es­ widow of William Dulany, late of the Marine Corps, and lieuten­ tablishment of a national board of health and the appointment of ant in the Fifth United States Cavalry, praying that she be a medical secretary of public health-to the Committee on the granted a pension of $50 per month; which was referred to the Judiciary. Committee on Pensions. Also, memorial of 153 miners of the Twentieth district of Ohio, He also presented a petition of Progress Grange, No.9, Pa­ praying for the passage of Chinese exclusion act-to the Select trons of Husbandry, of Maryland, and a petition of Asbestos Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Grange, No. 172, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, praying By Mr. WADSWORTH: Petition favoring an amendment to for the passage of an oot prohibiting contracts discrediting legal­ the Constitution-to the Committee on the Judiciary. tender currency; which were referred to the Committee on Fi­ · By Mr. WILLIAMS of North Carolina: Petition and memorial nance. in reference to an amendment to the Constitution-to the Com­ He also presented a petition of Progress Grange, No.9, Pa­ mittee on Education. trons of Husbandry, of Maryland; a petition of Olney Grange, No. 7, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, and a petition of Asbestos Grange, No. 172, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, praying for the passage of a bill defining lard and imposing a SENATE. tax thereon; which were ordered to lie on the table. He also presented a petition of Progress Grange, No. 9, Patrons TUESDAY, March 1, 1892. of Husbandry, of Maryland; a petition of Asbestos Grange, No. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. 172, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, and a petition of Olney The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. Grange, No.7, Patrons of Husbandry, of Maryland, praying for the passage of legislation to prevent gambling in farm products; PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. which were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. PEFFER. I present the petition of George W. Hass and He also presented a petition of the National Woman's Chris­ other citizens of Wichita, Kans., praying that Congress may tian Temperance Union, of Baltimore, Md., containing 128 sig­ take whatever ootion may be necessary to invite a conference of natures, praying that no exposition or exhibition for which ap­ the governments of the world to sit during and in connection with propriations are made by Congress shall be opened on Sunday; the World's Columbian Exposition to be held at Chicago in 1893 which was referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centenial for the purpose of devising, discussing, and recommending meas­ (Select). ures by which the principle of arbitration may be incorporated Mr.