ANNUAL REPORT 2014-15

ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15

02 PREFACE 04 THE YEAR IN REVIEW 10 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 26 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS 48 EVENTS 58 ABOUT US

Opposite: The sun sets in the historical city of Palmyra, Syria. REUTERS/Nour Fourat 2 TIM GARDAM CHAIR OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

THE REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM HAS IN THE PAST DECADE BECOME ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL PUBLIC POLICY RESEARCH CENTRES IN OXFORD UNIVERSITY.

The impact of its analysis, with a convening power that brings together working journalists, editors, media executives and academics from across the globe, shape the questions that dominate journalism - its practice, its business models, ethics and the relationship with governments and civic societies.

We were established to be internationally comparative in our vision and this focus has given RISJ its distinct identity. In the past year we have substantially increased our investment in research and have appointed a full time Director of Research, Dr Rasmus Kleis Nielsen. Our publications have addressed some of the most salient issues in journalism, including the contentious relationship between journalism and the PR industry, the reporting of the European Union and the challenging, much discussed lecture by Professor Emily Bell of Columbia University on the edgy relationship between Silicon Valley and journalism.

Our global perspective is underpinned by the close relationship between the Thomson Reuters Foundation and Oxford University. We are immensely indebted to the generosity of the Foundation and its CEO, Monique Villa. The Foundation has backed the Institute since its beginnings, and has sustained the Reuters Journalist Fellowship Programme in Oxford for over thirty years. This year, the Thomson Reuters Foundation has renewed our core funding; RISJ has raised as much again, reaching a total budget of just over £1 million. RISJ is now the largest research institute in the Department of Politics and International Relations. I would like to thank Dr Elizabeth Frazer, Head of the Department, for the support and advice she has given us, and congratulate RISJ Director Dr David Levy, the architect of its reputation and success. • institution. Foundation remains deeplycommitted to supportingthiswonderful I congratulate RISJ onanotheryear TheThomsonReuters ofimpact. Spain, Switzerland,Denmark, UKand US. which brought to Oxford attendees from Argentina, Canada,Ireland, and expand itsinitiatives,suchastheEditors inChief/CEO Forum, As youwillread fromtheInstitute thisreport, continues to grow confidence inRISJ’s pioneeringworkinthisarea. for thepublication overthecoming three years; thisisareal vote of and Iamdelighted thatGooglehasdecidedto increase itssupport This isonlyoneofthefascinating insightsprovided bythereport, tools to amplifyreach. identify -before thestories are published-themosteff increasingly seeingcoders withtheaimto sittinginthenewsroom is theinnovative approach to technology. Across theworld,weare common dynamicsaff highlights thelatest trends across 12countries lookingalsoat comparative consumption. study onnews Thepublication A fittingexample isthe some ofthemostimportant issuesshapingthejournalisticprofession. Institute continues to produce authoritative research to shedlighton bringing together thefinestacademics withthebrightest journalists,the In thisuniquecontext, theReuters Institute playsapivotal role. By SOMETIMES EVENTHEVERY NATURE OFCONTENT. AFFECTING BUSINESS MODELS,STYLES AND NEW DISTRIBUTION CHANNELSHAVE EMERGED, AS JOURNALISM.ACROSS THEMEDIAINDUSTRY OF CHALLENGESANDTRANSFORMATIONS HAVE BEENSUBJECTTO THESAME LEVELS IN THEPAST DECADE, VERY FEWPROFESSIONS FOUNDATION CEO, THOMSONREUTERS MONIQUE VILLA

• ecting newsrooms. Onethatstoodecting newsrooms. outfor me Digital News Report , theworld’s largest ective digital 3 PREFACE 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14 5 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE THE YEAR IN REVIEW

An Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) is seen over a mountain camp north of the Arctic Circle. REUTERS/Yannis Behrakis 6 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15

development overthe development period ofgrowth and foundations for... a we havelaidthe coming years. i w P DAVID LEVY DIRECTOR and Power inthedigital age. months to conduct exploratory workonMedia 2015asaResearchin January Fellow for six were alsopleased thatMartinMoore joinedus Politics highly rated International w with hisappointmentasEditor-in- Chiefofthe t time Director ofResearch. Hisarrival coincided Nielsen back to theInstitute full- asournew w we were delighted to welcome Rasmus Kleis representative 2015 (seepage 30).InJanuary t taken ontherole ofourNorthAmerican f four years, to return to theUS where hehas Research inDecember 2014aft Robert Picard left OVER THECOMING YEARS. BEING APERIODOFGROWTH ANDDEVELOPMENT THE FOUNDATIONS FORWHAT IANTICIPATE AS CHANGE ANDTRANSITION WHENWEHAVE LAID FOR THEINSTITUTE BUTALSOONEOFGREAT THIS HAS BEENANOTHER VERY SUCCESSFUL YEAR , whichwillnowbebased withus.We usasourfirst Director of Journal ofPress/ er aproductive former journalistfellows (seepage 36). exciting writers new includingcurrent and dramatically witharedesign andsome website. Thesite hasdeveloped Observatory the English-language European Journalism Lees succeeded Meera Selva asEditor of publication Caroline in2016.AlsoAugust, on journalismandnationalsecurityfor kindly funded byDavidUre for abook books lastautumn andstarting research and publications, withtheproduction oftwo significant contributionvery to ourresearch role asSeniorResearch Fellow, continuing his John LloydmovedinAugust 2014to anew 7 journalist alumna to create a fellowship and Richard Fletcher. We were gratified that in her enterprise in engaging other Hong Kong April Google made a three-year commitment donors to help expand the fellowship. to help us expand the depth and coverage of this report within Europe, as a key plank I witnessed for myself the experience, of their Digital News Initiative. Our analysis

knowledge, and goodwill of so many of our YEAR IN REVIEW will continue to be independent and the data journalist alumni when RISJ Administrator and findings will be freely available, but this Kate Hanneford-Smith and I travelled to Tokyo increased support will allow us to cover many in September. Our Japanese alumni were more European countries and to build up our incredibly welcoming and helpful in facilitating research capacity to understand the countries visits to their news organisations (we saw 12 and multiple issues raised by the DNR. in four days), and we were particularly grateful to Yasuomi Sawa and the Oxford Japan off ice The DNR is a key part both of our research team of Alison Beale and Mayumi Azuma for and our mission to engage with industry. We ensuring that we had such a rewarding visit have pursued that mission in multiple ways and learned so much. this year, through the very widely reported Reuters Memorial lecture on ‘Silicon Valley Our meetings threw light on one of the and Journalism’ by Emily Bell in November, surprises in our annual Digital News Report a seminar for Nordic broadcast executives (DNR), namely the contrast between the in February and our second very successful strength of Japanese newspapers in print Editor in Chief/CEO Forum in April, as well as and their relative weakness in translating a path-breaking study, Innovators in Digital Sir David Watson, 1949 - 2015. that success online. I wrote about this for the News, by Research Associate Lucy Küng, European Journalism Observatory website Our Journalism Fellowship programme has published in July. (http://en.ejo.ch/media-economics/business- had another very strong year under James models/japanese-newspapers-slow-adapt ) Finally I must end on a much sadder note. We Painter’s direction with an excellent group of but it also reinforced the need to put flesh on were all devastated by the untimely death of journalists from across the globe, first-class the bones of the survey work on which our Professor Sir David Watson, Principal of Green seminars, and some strong and impactful Digital News Report is based and we plan to do Templeton College (GTC), in February 2015. research papers. We were particularly happy more of that next year. Sir David was a tremendous supporter of the with our first journalist fellow sponsored Institute both through his membership of our by Le Monde, the renewal for a further two This year’s DNR was again expertly led by Nic Committees, where his contributions were years of the Foundation for Broadcast Newman, covering 12 countries. I am very always thoughtful, wise, and supportive, and Culture’s two fellowships for South Korean grateful to all our sponsors and the many in his role as Principal, where he saw RISJ as broadcast journalists, and the great initiative journalist alumni who helped to make it key to GTC and made all our staff and fellows by former fellow Sharon Cheung to create our biggest and most impactful to date. We feel incredibly welcome. Our sympathy goes the Lion Rock Spirit fellowship to bring Hong polled an additional six European countries to his widow Betty and all his family. Kong journalists to the Institute. I would with the support of Google, and will publish • like to salute Sharon’s generosity as the first a supplementary report in October led by 8 INTERNATIONAL IMPACT AND INFLUENCE KATE HANNEFORD-SMITH REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

565 68 15 ALUMNI FROM PUBLIC EVENTS PUBLICATIONS 93 COUNTRIES 15 RESEARCH WORKSHOPS

• RISJ Directors speaking DIGITAL NEWS engagements covered REPORT 2015 4 continents, 12 countries: Belgium, France, Denmark, Finland, • Press coverage in 285 Germany, Italy, Portugal, UK, US, international publications in Peru, Spain, Ireland and Japan 35 countries • 6 country reports produced by international partners • Arianna Huff ington, (Germany, Denmark, Spain, Lord Inglewood and Ireland, Finland, and Australia) Vivian Schiller • 35,000 website visits in first appointed to month of release RISJ Advisory Board • 10,000 downloads of the full report pdf • 15,000 views of the Slideshare • 6,300 views of the YouTube promotional video (Croatian Journalists’ Association) • ALUMNI ACHIEVEMENTS • (India, 2011–12) Woman Journalist oftheYear • (Germany, 2007–8) into sixlanguages on Saudiblogger Badawi, translated •

(Croatia, 2012–13 (Hong Kong, 2001–2) Hrvoje Krešić Chester Yung Supriya Sharma Constantin Schreiber Broadcast JournalismAward 2014 Human RightsPress Award 2014 Chameli DeviJainAward for Outstanding Editor ofbestsellingbook inGermany, FACEBOOK LIKES 5,594

)

21,000 YOUTUBE VIEWS OF 47 VIDEOS 8,165 FOLLOWERS TWITTER 9 YEAR IN REVIEW 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14 11 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME IMPROVING THE STANDARDS OF INTERNATIONAL JOURNALISM

A Kashmiri woman walks on a footbridge as it rains in Srinagar, June 24, 2015. REUTERS/Danish Ismail 12 JOURNALISM FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME JAMES PAINTER REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

THIST YEAR SAW 20 JOURNALISTS FROM AROUND TTHE WORLD TAKING PART IN THE RISJ JOURNALISM FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME.

AsA usual there was a wide selection of countries The various visits to UK-based media Fellows’ research papers represented: Australia, Austria, China, Czech organisations, the large number of seminars continued to receive Republic, Finland, France, Germany, India, organised by the RISJ and the wider widespread media Kenya, Lebanon, Norway, Pakistan, Russia, university, and the research papers remain the South Korea, Spain, Syria, and the UK. Two key components of the programme. coverage and publicity. other journalists from the Middle East were The papers written by many of the journalists unable to take up off ers, but we are hoping continued to receive widespread media tthey will be able to come in the future. coverage and publicity. Ben Doherty’s The international nature of the programme research on the language of migration was and the chance to exchange views about the covered in the Guardian and Observer, while current state of journalism around the world Mah-Rukh Ali, an anchor at TV2 in Norway, continue to be highly treasured by the fellows. wrote articles for the Sunday Times and Daily Mail, and was interviewed by the BBC about We were particularly pleased to welcome her research paper on how ISIS exploits Alexandre Léchenet, a data journalist from women in its propaganda material. Le Monde – the first time the newspaper had sponsored one of their journalists to attend Major German and Austrian publications the programme. covered Sonja Gruber’s paper on news embargoes. Sonja, who works for the Two journalists, Jiri Zatloukal from the Czech Austrian Press Agency, concluded that the Republic and Alexey Eremenko from Russia, digitalisation and acceleration of news cycles brought an end to the 20-year programme put embargoes under pressure but journalists of fellowships for East European journalists still defend this ancient press tool tooth and sponsored by the Wincott Foundation. The claw. Helen Briggs, a science correspondent Foundation has switched its attention to Africa, at the BBC, gave a talk to the Royal Society where they will be sponsoring a journalist from about her findings on the role of scientists in the Nation Group based in Nairobi. the UK media coverage of the badger cull.

Finally, Alexandre Léchenet’s study of cross-country data-based reporting was downloaded extensively from the RISJ website, in part because of the wide publicity it received in several European and international news websites.

Lack of space does not permit a fuller list of other success stories but the impact and global reach of these research papers make RISJ particularly proud.

As ever, we remain immensely grateful to our sponsors who continued to support the programme and allowed it to flourish. • BENJAMIN DOHERTY GOVERNMENT VS THEAUSTRALIAN ASYLUM SEEKERS FRESH PERSPECTIVES GLOBAL ISSUES, FELLOWS’ FOCUS: of livesatsea, andstopped people‘jumping government saysthishassavedthousands unquestionably, andthe beenachieved has beento ‘stop theboats’. Thishas, The promise oftheAustralian government and theruleoflawisweak. and children iscommon, health care ispoor, physical violence andsexualabuseofadults centres’ inpoorislandcountries nearby where areterritory sentto ‘off Asylum seekers whodoreach Australian them back to Indonesiaorsource countries. Australia othercountries) (or even andforces now activelyintercepts to reach boats trying rigid suite ofdeterrent policies.Australia in Australia has beenmet withanincreasingly of ‘waves’ ofasylumseekers seekingsanctuary political life for more thanageneration. Aseries controversial anddivisiveissueinAustralian Australian shores byboat hasbeena reach to trying seekers asylum of issue toThe issueofasylumseekers reach trying transnational issue,not one simplysolvable by force by onecountry. seeking asylum is a seeking asylumisa By definition, shore processing

controversial, contested, andconfronting. isnow atitsmost directed itsdevelopment, defined Australia, hasshapeditscharacter, and seekers ofthe last40years. Theactthathas settlers inthe18thcentury, to the asylum Australians upto 60,000years ago, to European unannounced onboats: from aboriginal ofpeopleturning up nothing else,ahistory boatpeople. Thecountry’s is,ifitis history Australia isfundamentally anationof media investigation. and (where possible)significant remains thesubjectofparliamentary inquiry Australia’s care andcustody onforeign islands oppression to join.Thetreatment ofpeoplein argue there isnoqueuefor peoplesuff and to face where they persecution. Critics back to places havenoprotection, where they them remain displaced. People are forced only removedandthepeopleon from sight, b back overthehorizon havenotbeenstopped, s solvable byforce byonecountry. Boats forced a asylum isatransnational issue,notonesimply a about thebroader issue.By definition,seeking a a substantial minority inAustralia isconcerned e electorally successful inseveral elections.But u undoubtedly popular. haveproven They the queue’t to Australia. Thepoliciesare ering • Below: immigrants, earlyMay30,2015.REUTERS/Yannis Behrakis. on KosislandinGreece, following thearrivalofAfghan Above: Sydney October 11,2014.REUTERS/David Gray placards atthe‘Stand upfor Refugees’ rally heldincentral 2014. REUTERS/Samrang Pring. outside theAustralian EmbassyinPhnomPenh October 17,

Life vestsandadeflated dinghyare seenonabeach Protesters holdflagsandbanners asthey gather Bottom:

Protesters hold 13 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 142

FOR WHOM THE NET TROLLS? SUMIT PANDE REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE For Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, so apt at handling intra-party dissidence, it was a knotty situation. But a rebellion is a rebellion, whether online or off line and it has to be dealt with. A large section of the prime minister’s aarticulated by Modi in his Sunday radio address, online supporters, also called bhakts or ##SelfieWithDaughter, was inspired by a similar disciples, were piqued. The bone of contention ccampaign in a small village in north India. was that the Prime Minister had invited only a select few of his defenders in the virtual world ...the larger HHowever, those on the other side of the for a meeting at his residence in early July. message was clear: iideological divide latched on to Seth’s letter to aaccuse the ruling party of harbouring colonies The matter got out of hand with bad maintain a certain oof online right-wing reactionaries for trolling blood spilling onto the screen – of both dignity while slugging it vvoices of dissent. To bolster the allegations, smartphones and desktops – when the out on social media ssome even scavenged and uploaded the divine fortunate ones posted their pictures with the iinterventions by the venerated few who had PM. Those left out took umbrage and made ffound a place at the high table at PM’s residence. their displeasure apparent by lodging an Ironically,Ironically all this happened around the online protest. Finally, one of the ministers same time a young Bollywood actress, Shruti For a nation with under 20% internet penetration intervened to assure the slighted ones that Seth, wrote an open letter addressed to the that’s a lot of online political activity for a day! they too would be invited in turn. Controversy nation. The epistle was in reaction to the • aside, the larger message from the prime trolls she was subjected to for opposing the minister at the meeting was clear: maintain a prime minister’s recent call to parents to post certain dignity while slugging it out on social selfies with their daughters as a part of larger Below: Hindu nationalist Narendra Modi takes a “selfie” with a mobile phone aft er casting his vote at a polling station during media platforms. campaign against female infanticide and the seventh phase of India’s general election in the western declining sex ratio in some provinces. The idea Indian city of Ahmedabad April 30, 2014. REUTERS/Amit Dave BASMA ALATASSI IN SYRIA NARRATIVES MISSING ordinary civilians...found ordinary to documenttheprotests themselves compelled blackout, dozensblackout, of information To fightthe w was sixweeksinto theuprising,when t the presence ofmassgathering inthecapital s strategy. Thefirst timeSyrianTVacknowledged under control ofthestate adopted ablindeye a and arrested. Meanwhile, local mediamostly w were whileothers kicked were out, intimidated Damascus were forced to shutdown;journalists Bureaus agencies ofinternational in news t the flowofinformation outsidethecountry. T The regime took several measures to control killed andthousandsmore arrested. the uprising,more than1,000protesters were brutal crackdown. Injustthefirst eightweeksof in theArab world.Theregime responded witha dictatorial rule,inspired byprotests elsewhere streets to protest against afive-decades-old tens ofthousandsSyrianpeopletook to the was ahistorical Itwas when turning point. the moststable March 2011 intheMiddleEast, thatwasIn acountry once considered oneof protest inDeraa. March 2011.Securityforces killedhimduringa Syrian uprisingagainst theAssadregime in to bethefirstwidely believed casualty ofthe appear from Syriaindecades. Jawabra is Jawabra was thefirst horrifyingfootage to ‘God isgreat’, thebodyofdeceased Mahmoud to sidebyagroup ofyoungmenscreaming Drenched inblood,beingswayed from side have beenwoefully missing. the intricate ofvarious tapestry communities narratives providing deeperunderstanding of were neglected crucial bythemedia.Asaresult, confrontational meant views thattheseactors express extreme, stereotypical, or violent, However, thefact didnot thatthey victory. military rather thanthosethatsupportoneside’s processes thatare supportiveofcivilsociety, political polarisationandcontribute to social to supportcommunity initiativesthatreject a grassroots havebeenworking They level. and maintaining peace-building eff shaping community relations andpromoting these socialactors became instrumental in into full-scaleuprising developed conflict, photos andshootingshakyvideos.Aft crackdown bycapturing low-resolution to documenttheprotests andtheensuing experience, found themselvescompelled civilians,mostlywithlittleto nomedia ordinary To fighttheinformation dozens blackout, of rainfall. Itwas indeeddarkhumour. but worshippers gathering to thankGodfor the anchor announced thesewere notprotesters neighbourhood nearDamascus.REUTERS/Omar Sanadiki on adamagedstructure attheentrance ofal-Dukhaneya Below: A picture ofSyria’s President Basharal-Assadisdisplayed

• orts at er the 15 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 16 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 values, suchasobjectivityandnegativity. diff that theinterests oftheaudience seemto Yleisradio reveals andHelsinginSanomat, organisations,the BBCandtwoFinnishnews An analysisofthemostshared articlesfrom the legacy media.Butwhatkindofcontent? want to read, watch, andshare content from do. Fortunately,And indeedthey also they videos aboutcute prefer cats ifthey to doso. traditional media.Instead, can watch they don’thaveto followoptions, andthey On socialmediatheaudience havemore influence ofsocialmedia. power isshrinkingintandem withthegrowing the talking pointsoftheday. Nowadays, that to determine society’s agenda bychoosing diminishing. For alongtimewehadthepower We journalistshaveaproblem: ourpoweris SATU VASANTOLA GETS SHARED A STORY THAT HOW TO WRITE er from some ofthetraditional news is not shared that much. The good news is is notshared is thatmuch.The good news bad Thebad isthatbasic news. news news If wechoosethelatter, wefindbothgood and really engages ouraudiences. to understandimportant. Orwecan try what that weknowbetter thenthemwhatis consider theaudience superficial,andthink Journalists havetwooptions.Wecan to, objectivefacts. involved opinionsinstead of, orinaddition articles were positiveinstead ofnegative and A significant amountofthe mostshared Above: want themboth. emotions, they don’twant toThey choosebetween facts and togetherfacts served withstories ofindividuals. and figures are notenough–peoplewant the audience lovestheindividualangle.Pure facts can more admire.they thanthese,the Buteven stories andarticlesaboutawesome people alsosharelong-form funny journalism.They that peopleshare in-depth andanalytical 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid. is seenintheBuzzfeed headquarters inNew York 9, January New York February 19,2013.REUTERS/Shannon Stapleton displaying BuzzFeed isseeninsideoneoftheiroff

A cardboard cutout ofCanadianactor RyanGosling Below: Atelevision monitor

• ice rooms in Place ofwork: generate headlines. as part ofacalculated PRstrategy, andto diff exploits womeninitspropaganda to target women off masculine power),andto recruit men–with almost mythological ‘warrior woman’role of (traditional womanhoodfused withan the picture presented ofthejihadibride both to recruit otherwomen,through were, essentially, invisible.ISISuseswomen regime –because undertheTaliban women to jointheTaliban –anequallyrepressive one remembers younggirlsrunningoff oppresses andmanipulates women.No Isis hasbroken ground intheway new it its propaganda How ISISexploits women in Research project: Sponsor: Position: Country oforigin: MS MAH-RUKHALI 2014-2015 JOURNALIST FELLOWS erent audiences. Itsexualiseswomen ered assexualbait for fighters. ISIS Anchor, evening news Fritt Ord Foundation TV 2Norway Norway

had on policy-making anddiplomaticeff had onpolicy-making based initiatives, andthe marginalisation ofcivilsociety actors andlocally paper explores thereasons thatledto themedia ignoring theparticipants inthepeace deal. The the reconciliation initiative,includingthrough media outlets usedwar framing whencovering insight into howlocal, regional, andinternational thereaft district ofBarzeh, whichendured brutal unrest and The paper includesacase study oftheDamascus conflict alongnon-religious lines. various communities andthecomplexity ofthe understanding oftheintricate of socialtapestry wouldhavepossiblyprovided adeeper they both nationalandinternational media.Ifreported, confrontational havebeenneglected they by views to express extreme, stereotypical, or violent, in theircommunities, butpartly dueto theirfailure Local andactivesocialactors havebeenpowerful when andifthere isinternational involvement. Reconciliation initiativesonlyget mediaattention are impacting thelivesofthousands ofSyrians. a shadowoverthelocally based initiativesthat websites. Butthesebloodyepisodeshave cast bulletins andthefront pages ofnewspapers and have dominated thecoverage ofSyriaonTV Images offightingandatrocities from allsides Missing narratives inSyria Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: MS BASMA ALATASSI er witnessedapeace process; itprovides an Journalist Saïd-Asfari Foundations Al-Jazeera English Syria impact this may have impact thismayhave

orts. MS HELENBRIGGS policy debates.policy to lookatthevoices ofscientistsinpublic culling ofbadgers intheEnglishcountryside framed. Thispaper analysescoverage ofthe complain abouttheway scientificdebates are sensationalising science, whilesomescientists headlines. Themediaare oft TB incattle andMMRhaveputscience inthe Controversies overGMcrops, thespread of the Britishmedia goalposts: reporting science in The badgersmoved the Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: time withotherescapees from newsrooms around the world, aroundnewsrooms theworld, and to gain knowledge, ideas It was ajoyto spend Senior broadcast journalist BBC BBC and inspiration. HELEN BRIGGS BBC News UK

en accused of 17 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 18 JOURNALIST FELLOWS 2014-2015 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

MS CHENCHEN CHEN MR BENJAMIN DOHERTY DR ALEXEY EREMENKO

Country of origin: China Country of origin: Australia Country of origin: Russia Place of work: The Global Times Place of work: The Guardian, Australia Place of work: NBC News English Edition Position: Immigration correspondent Position: Producer, Moscow bureau Position: Director of Op-Ed Sponsor: Thomson Reuters Foundation Sponsor: Wincott Foundation Department and Opinion Editor Sponsor: Thomson Reuters Foundation Research project: Research project: Call me illegal: the semantic Weeding out the upstarts: Research project: struggle over seeking the Kremlin’s proxy war on Media diversifi cation in asylum in Australia independent journalism contemporary China: does the left–right categorisation apply? The first asylum seekers to arrive in Australia Russia’s media situation resembles the ongoing by boat were welcomed as refugees, promised war in Ukraine: in both cases, the Kremlin appears Amid China’s current massive social ‘sanctuary’ and the ‘full resources’ of the to be more involved than it admits. Despite a transformation, one fundamental shift is the nation. In the 40 years since, the government dismal showing on freedom of speech rankings, irreversible diversification and fragmentation and media rhetoric around boat-borne asylum Russia long enjoyed a robust ‘second tier’ of of social interests. The media, as a mirror of seekers has changed dramatically. Asylum editorially independent media outlets, tolerated society, are not exempt from this process of seekers are now referred to as ‘illegals’ in off icial as too small to make a political impact. But aft er social diversification. Public discussions about government statements. They are conflated they played an important role in the 2011–13 diff erent media outlets holding diff erent visions with terrorists and described as ‘threats to street protests, a covert clampdown began, of society are frequently heard, and labels like national security’ by ministers, ‘jumping the perpetrated through mid-level bureaucrats, ‘left ist media’ and ‘rightist media’ are attached. queue’ to come to Australia in ‘waves’ and loyalist oligarchs, and nominally independent My own journalistic experience allows me an ‘floods’. Discussion of Australia’s asylum policies lawmakers, who utilised editorial takeover insight into the detailed changes in the media, are now framed, by the government and and ‘moral outrage’ campaigns to impede especially in terms of diff erent editorial stances media as an issue of ‘border protection’ and of independent media or change their editorial between diff erent media outlets. This paper ‘stopping the boats’. Where has this semantic policy. My study aims to ‘connect the dots’ in uses specific case studies to check whether the change come from? What forces have driven it, the clampdown, a classic example of modern left –right categorisation is applicable to the and why? How has government rhetoric and authoritarian regimes subverting democracy Chinese media environment or whether it is media reportage impacted upon policy? What instead of suppressing it. merely a simplified illusion. impact has this changed rhetoric had on public opinion and understanding of asylum seekers? And, finally, what responsibility rests with those who report these words and these phrases about these people? 2014-2015 JOURNALIST FELLOWS empire mucholderthantheSoviet Union. the longrun.Weare seeingthebreak-up ofan whichismore significantimperial history in itisthereinterpretationsupport, ofpre-Soviet Second WorldWar are powerful inmobilising while thesymbolsandmythsconnected to the arguing intheconflict, that the useofhistory toponym isartificiallybrought to life. Iexamine all Lenin statues, andaforgotten 18th-century hasordered Kiev theremovalgovernment, of media useWW2-terms to describeUkraine’s The conflict isframed inhistorical terms: Russian warempire, broke anew outinEastern Ukraine. Two decades aft arguments intheUkraine confl Echoes ofempire –historical Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: MR CHRISTIAN ESCH Foreign correspondent, Moscow Gerda Henkel Foundation er thebreak-up oftheSoviet Berliner Zeitung Germany ict interviewed for my paper revealed.interviewed appreciated, asjournalistswellsources gone. Buttheembargo much isstillvery to printdeadlines ofnewspapers, are long days, whenembargoes were timedparticularly accurate coverage ofthegiven topic. Theold properly, andthesource ismore likely to get journalist hastimeto prepare thestory from Theever-pressurised suchanagreement. a certain date. bothsidesbenefit Intheory, whichshouldnotbepublisheduntil news ago:century sources provide journalistswith and fragmented. Embargoes were invented a the mediaworldisconstantly speeding up has outliveditspurpose–giventhefact that has notbeenexamined inacademic writings, hypothesis isthatthisancientpress tool, which future embargo. prospects ofthenews My ofthepresent stateI giveanoverview and in themodernmediaworld an ancientpress tool survives threat, butnotextinct. How News embargoes –under Research Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin:Austria MS SONJA GRUBER Austrian Press Agency (APA) Editor, business department project:

Austrian Press Agency (APA)

Company, News andCurrent Aff MR PETRIJAUHIAINEN enough andseethebigpicture. advantage, ifdiff thesize can beturned intodevelopment, an clunky andbureaucratic bynature. Inproduct that biglegacy mediacompanies are notalways BBC Trending, Reuters TV, andBBCTaster show meet theseexpectations. Lessons learned from experimental products andexamine howthey This paper takes acloserlookatthree new ways tonew retain andengage theirconsumers. incumbent legacy mediaorganisations to invent organisations.news compels Therivalry challenging operational modesoftraditional Innovative newcomers andstart-ups are new products how oldmediaare creating Reinventing theincumbents: Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: Head ofBroadcasts Helsingin SanomatFoundation erent stakeholders are agile Finnish Broadcasting Finland

airs 19 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 20 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 daily journalism and think daily journalismandthink peaceful atmosphere and perspective on the world. perspective ontheworld. about thejob as awhole. to take astep asidefrom Each one ... widened my Each one...widenedmy experience was meeting Oxfordian brains helps fellow journalistsfrom The most precious The mostprecious around the globe. around theglobe. ALEXANDRE CHRISTIAN The mix of the The mixofthe FELLOWS’ VOICES experience whichopened up myriadwindowsto the worldoutsideand the selfwithin. An enriching SUMIT amusing memories Precious and PARK intellectual engagement – trulyextraordinary. laughs, food, drinks, Diversity, debate, generosity and RAZESHTA 21 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME FELLOWSHIP

The course made me aware of the changes taking place in the me dia industry and also An opportunity to helped me to refl ect on what meet great thinkers and I am doing in my job. colleagues from diff erent (Swami, India) parts of the world who are passionate about the role of journalism in society. JAIRO

Too rarely are journalists aff orded the chance to read, think and write about the craft itself, or about the issues they feel passionately about. BEN

My time in Oxford has unbelievably broadened my horizon – a priceless experience! SONJA

The fellowship RISJ is a wonderful programme is a place that brings together once-in-a-lifetime journalists from all over experience the world, all eager for a KATI chance to reflect more deeply about their work. RAMI 22 JOURNALIST FELLOWS 2014-2015 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

MR DAEYOUNG KIM MR ALEXANDRE LÉCHENET MR JAIRO MEJIA RAMOS

Country of origin: South Korea Country of origin: France Country of origin: Spain Place of work: Korean Broadcasting System Place of work: Le Monde Place of work: Efe News Agency Position: Senior Reporter Position: Head of data-journalism team Position: Correspondent Sponsor: Foundation of Broadcast Culture Sponsor: Le Monde Sponsor: Thomson Reuters Foundation

Research project: Research project: Research project: Multi-platform strategy of PSB: Global database investigations: Reinventing the wire: how how does KBS increase the the role of the computer- news agencies prepare for number of ‘likes’ on Facebook? assisted reporter constant disruption

It is very important that an integrated multi- SwissLeaks, Wikileaks, the Snowden documents For the last decade, news agencies have been platform approach is utilised to uphold the about the NSA and Off shore Leaks . . . All these adversely aff ected by lack of funds, clients, values of universality held by Public Service recent global investigations have proved the and personnel reduction as well as a greater Broadcasters such as KBS and the BBC. Therefore, importance of the analysis of large databases in competition from non-conventional media public broadcasters should engage with all the process of getting a story, and the need for organisations. Newswire companies need to find audiences on every platform; the important collaboration between journalists in diff erent ways to gather, structure, and disseminate news. aspect is that it is done in a way that relates to countries in order to do so. Looking at three New methods of organising reporters’ work diff erent audiences. KBS should embrace a total recent cross-border investigations, this paper routines, new formats, and a deeper dimension digital ecology rather than heavily focus on the aimed to see what made them successful and to for news stories can give news agencies an prime-time news, as there is no simple way to examine the role of computer-assisted reporters. improved role in the news-making process. improve ‘likes’ on Facebook other than creating No other media outlet is better positioned a digital culture so that KBS can respond to new to maximise the wave of new information innovations in digital media. Furthermore, the technologies to improve their business than BBC’s innovative approaches to making the news newswires. This research analyses examples of most suitable to diff erent platforms for diff erent The unforgettable thing new approaches adopted by news agencies in audiences should benefit KBS. The importance is seeing a thousand their eff ort to connect with digital media and the of integrating news gathering, production, and possibilities and perspectives. ubiquitous social media. editing in a public service news organisation is at the forefront of preparing to take a place in CHENCHEN CHEN the new and ever-changing online, digital, and untraditional news landscape that KBS must operate in along with all its other competitors and public service broadcasters.

trustworthy mediainSouthSudan. objective,and robust, build anindependent, situation andwhatshouldbedoneinorder to which catalysed thedeterioration ofmedia this research project investigates thefactors journalists, analysts,activists,andacademics with country. Throughin thenew interviews one ofthefirst casualties ofpoorgovernance than four years later, thepress would become and infrastructures were established. Less of UNagencies andINGOs,avariety ofprojects took uptheprofession. Thanksto thesupport and manyyoung,enthusiasticSouthSudanese perceived dawnfor thelocal asanew media, In 2011independence celebrations were South Sudan The press inpredicament in Research project: Sponsor: Country oforigin: MR CARLVINS ODERA 2014-2015 JOURNALIST FELLOWS Position: Place ofwork: Reporter inSouthSudan Thomson Reuters Foundation Freelance Kenya

a deepandhard lookattheshift penetration? To answerthisquestion, Itake low-income economies withlimited internet Do socialmediadisruptpolitical discourse in situation inDelhi and politicalcommunication, a Changing paradigm: socialmedia Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: MR SUMITPANDE media environment. media environment. no access to theinternet inacomplex hybrid digital space can influence anaudience with silos; andreal-time madeinthe interventions and digital mediadonotfunction aswatertight 2015,IhaveconcludedFebruary thatlegacy study oftheDelhiprovincial electionsheldin low impact inpolitical discourse. From thecase a lowinternet footprint necessarily results in The research paper challenges thenotionthat politics inIndia,theworld’s largest democracy. Political Editor Thomson Reuters Foundation CNN-IBN India

ing electoral Broadcasting Corporation) MR CHANJUNGPARK be developed. the UKsothatimplications for thefuture can regulatory bodywiththeequivalent bodyin solutions for thembycomparing theKorean and triesto findevidence ofdisputes and the Korean regulatory bodyfor broadcasting, research deals withcurrent disputes relating to happened andthepossiblesolution.My to discusstheproblems ofwhythedisputes fairness and impartiality, thenitisimportant operation andimplementation concerning and widersociety. Ifthere are disputes ontheir and fair journalismto benefitbothjournalists environment are crucialfor maintaining sound Regulatory bodiesfor thebroadcasting and SouthKorea comparative studies from theUK decisions onTVnews reports: Fairness oftheregulatory bodies’ Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: Foundation for Broadcast Culture Senior Reporter MBC(Munwha Korea

23 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME 24 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 to induce orinhibit? what thoughtprocesses likely isagivenstory do thenarratives onoff of IslamicState andotherjihadigroups. How Western andArab mediaaswellthe asthebasic unitofanalysis;itlooksintostory media phenomenon,thispaper takes the comparatively. Since narratives are amulti- dominate thelandscape, andto analysethem to identifyasmallnumberofnarratives that produce.and theitems they Itisthuspossible smaller thanthenumberofmediaoutlets The numberofdistinctivenarratives isalot stories thatappear diff that thesameassumptionsunderpinmany Uponcloseexamination, itappearsevents. motives, andaboutwhatcauses theunfolding about themainactors andtheir inthestory acartoon,or even liebasic assumptions visualsequences,it istold tweets, inprint, Beneath story, thesurface whether ofevery stories are beingtold aboutSyriaandIraq. Across theglobal medialandscape, diff Syria andIraq between power andnarratives in What’s thestory? Theinterplay Research project: Sponsor: Position: Country oforigin: MR RAMI RUHAYEM 2014-2015 JOURNALIST FELLOWS Place ofwork:Place Correspondent Saïd-Asfari Foundations BBCcorrespondent, Beirut Lebanon erent onthesurface. er relate to power, and

erent editor for theDawnMediaGroup. as apresenter for GeoTV, later DawnTV, andasan reflections onmyworkasajournalistinKarachi, lent anin-depthperspective. Ialsooff survey control andcensor themedia,anaccompanying and various kindsofintimidationtactics usedto researching thefrequency andthetypesofattacks andthemedia.Forservices thepurposesof violence, andharassment bytheintelligence connections between violentpolitics,state with keymediafigures, lookingto identifysome profits. Thestudy draws onover45interviews terror outdid oneanother competing as they for of mediaoutlets intheaft comes responsibility. Thepaper critiquestherole to enforced press censorship. Butwithfreedom watchful, robust mediathatrefused to adhere and radio channels,andbydoingso, created a media licences for hundreds ofprivate television regime headed byGeneral Musharraf Pervez issued focuses ontheperiodaft andintelligenceand military Thepaper services. from militant groups, political parties, separatists, in Pakistan asthemediacontinue to face violence This study looksatthechallenges ofreporting reporting Pakistan Caught between extremes: Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: MS RAZESHTA SETHNA Senior Assistant Editor Thomson Reuters Foundation TheDawn MediaGroup Pakistan er 2001 when the military er 2001whenthemilitary ermath of the war on ermath ofthewar on

er er MS KATI TOIVANEN have aguardian ofthebrand. extensions to workon,themore important itisto published. Themore competition andbrand and manage therecognisable voice ofeverything but thecore remains: editors ensure thequality and roles for editors hasbroadened enormously, (in)visible editor. Iargue thatthevariety oftasks the digital editor, thecommunity editor, andthe work inthedigital age: thecommercial editor, magazine editors are going through intheirdaily roles thatmanifest diff The paper classifiesandexamines four editorial work ofmagazineeditors the digitalagehaschanged community builders –four From commissioners to Research project: Sponsor: Position: Place ofwork: Country oforigin: Managing editor Helsingin SanomatFoundation

Trendi erent areas ofchanges Finland magazine

ways ways 25 JOURNALIST FELLOWS 2014-2015 FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME FELLOWSHIP

MRS SATU VASANTOLA DR JIRI ZATLOUKAL

Country of origin: Finland Country of origin: Czech Republic Place of work: Helsingin Sanomat Place of work: Euro Weekly Position: Features Editor Position: Editor Sponsor: Helsingin Sanomat Foundation Sponsor: The Wincott Foundation

Research project: Research project: Do you think it’s sex? You’re Flaws in the Czech wrong! This is what people share political culture most on social media The Czech media have recently been allied Social media have become more important to politics and business much more closely to legacy media organisations, both as a than before. We have seen a huge slump in the distribution channel and as a place to interact advertising market mixed with a progressive with the audience. But do we journalists really increase in internet readership. These factors know what the audience wants? This paper contributed to a decline in circulation and in aims to understand the interests of the audience profits. The most turbulent year was 2013 when by classifying and analysing the most shared three big media companies were sold. The new articles of three news organisations: the BBC, owners are all Czech tycoons, including Mr Babiš, Yleisradio, and Helsingin Sanomat. Based on this currently the Minister of Finance and a member material, this paper identifies five strong trends of the ruling coalition. This poses a huge risk both in journalism and suggests a new concept of to the impartiality of the media and the freedom shareability criteria to be used, together with the of the press in the country. traditional news criteria. 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14 27 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS CONNECTING ACADEMIC RESEARCH WITH INDUSTRY CHALLENGES

Five-year-old Nasreen rests with her family’s belongings as she plays under a flyover in Mumbai January 19, 2015. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui 28 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 Right: March 23,2015.REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke a news conference following talks attheChancellery inBerlin Greek PrimeMinister AlexisTsipras leaveaft Opposite page,top: July 5,2015.REUTERS/Esam Omran Al-Fetori. Muslim holyfasting monthofRamadan, inBenghazi,Libya

where journalismisheading I want to workonarange of issues that in my view are issues thatinmyview

central to understanding A girlreads theKoran ataKoranic schoolduring the GermanChancellor AngelaMerkel and er addressing MOVING FORWARD? FOR THEINSTITUTE’S RESEARCH JANUARY. WHAT ISYOUR AGENDA AS DIRECTOR OFRESEARCHIN A: Q: commitment to workthatcombines academic to international andcomparative our work, Institute already has,includingourcommitment I want to supporttheresearch profile the journalism addvalue to theirlives.Second, and inwhatforms and peoplefeel thatnews a muchbetter understanding ofwhere, when, andtheimportance news, television of getting and socialmedia,thecoming disruptionof of digital intermediaries like search engines heading, whichincludethegrowing importance central to understanding where journalismis work onarange are ofissuesthatinmyview DIRECTOR OFRESEARCH RASMUS KLEISNIELSEN, RISJ RESEARCH DEVELOPING

YOU ASSUMED THEPOSITION I want to Iwant dotwothings.First, to OF YOUR JOB? THEMOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS A: Q: covering climate change. specific challenges confronting journalism,like journalism today, andourrecord ofresearch on addressing thesubstantial issuesconfronting rigour withtherelevance thatcomes with research, connections bydeveloping with ourcapacityabout developing to dosuch perspective. The‘Director’ part ofmyjobis evidence-based fashion andinaninternational issues journalismfaces today inananalyticand publications thataddress thesubstantial and pursuing projects, andproducing research ideas, of myjobisaboutdeveloping launching overlapping components. The‘Research’ part

WHAT DOYOU SEEAS Really, Ithinkofitprimarilyintwo 29 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

partners, securing resources to support work services in an age of intensified surveillance here at the Institute itself as well as by people and secrecy surrounding how security agencies elsewhere that we work with, and helping our work to counter internal and external threats, Oxford-based team develop and pursue their as well as work on how the NSA-revelations own relevant research ideas. enabled by Edward Snowden’s leak have been covered across the world. We will also I want to support the be hosting several major research conferences research profile the Institute Q: WHAT ARE THE MOST with academics from all over the world, already has, including our EXCITING RESEARCH ACTIVITIES including one on the relationship between commitment to international LINED UP FOR THE NEXT YEAR? media and politics, and one on how news organisations work to integrate legacy and and comparative work digital culture and manage change. A: In terms of the research we do at the Institute, we are launching two major research Both the work we do with outside partners projects this autumn, one focused on the and the conferences we organise and host are relationship between digital intermediaries and important examples of the convening power of news media organisations, and one focused the Reuters Institute. That is a power we use to on significantly increasing our understanding connect academic research with professional of similarities and diff erences in how news practice when we bring people from both of media across Europe have responded to these worlds together, but also a power we the challenges and opportunities of digital use to bring together researchers from many developments. diff erent fields and from many diff erent parts of the world to shed light on the issues facing In addition to that, we are supporting a range journalism today. Some of these issues are of exciting research projects pursued with tied to the rapid and constant development external partners, including work on the of technology – the rise of search, of social, of implications of the European Court of Justice’s mobile media. Others are long-running ones ‘Right to Be Forgotten’ ruling for news, on the concerning the independence, quality, and relationship between journalists and secret societal role of journalism. 30 RISJ LAUNCHES NORTH AMERICAN INITIATIVE ROBERT G. PICARD NORTH AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

THE INSTITUTE HAS BEEN DEVELOPING CLOSER TIES WITH JOURNALISTS, JOURNALIST ASSOCIATIONS, MEDIA COMPANIES AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN THE US AND CANADA THIS YEAR.

TheT aim is to improve dissemination of the Directors Association, Newspaper Association Institute’s perspectives on contemporary of America, Newspapers Canada, American iissues, to sponsor panel presentations Press Institute, Association for Education in aat various conventions, and to develop Journalism and Mass Communication, the ccooperative research activities. Canadian Communication Association, and The general objectives foundations in Canada and the US. for the North American TThe general objectives for the North American activities are to increase aactivities are to increase knowledge and It established a joint comparative research aawareness of RISJ activities, fellowships, and project on charities and tax laws and not- knowledge and awareness publications; develop collaborative research for-profit media with the Information Society of RISJ activities, fellowships, aand joint funding applications; establish North Project at Yale University Law School. The and publications AAmerican events; and improve relationships project involves partners in Canada, Ireland, wwith media/journalism associations with and Australia and is comparing developments ssimilar interests. in those nations, as well as the UK and US. It is designed to identify good practice The project has developed contacts and challenges in existing legislation and with alumni of the Institute’s fellowship regulations and to suggest policy alternatives programmes this year and with organisations supportive of new forms of news provision. such as the American Society of New Editors, Associated Press Managing Editors The initiative completed a joint study with Association, the Radio and Television News the Society of Professional Journalists on journalists’ perceptions of the future of journalist work, which surveyed their views on the work of journalists, the organisation and compensation for labour, and professional identity and training. That study resulted in the publication of the report, ‘Journalists’ Perceptions of the Future of Journalistic Work’, that is available on the Institute’s website.

Left : The White House is illuminated in rainbow colors aft er today’s historic Supreme Court ruling legalizing gay marriage in Washington June 26, 2015. REUTERS/Gary Cameron. Opposite: A staff member removes the Iranian flag from the stage aft er a group picture with foreign ministers and representatives of Unites States, Iran, China, Russia, Britain, Germany, France and the European Union during the Iran nuclear talks at the Vienna International Center in Vienna, Austria July 14, 2015. REUTERS/Carlos Barria. 31 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS 32 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 NIC NEWMAN REPORT 2015 DIGITAL NEWS IRELAND FOR THE FIRST TIME THIS YEAR. IRELAND FORTHEFIRST TIMETHISYEAR. BRAZIL, JAPAN, FINLAND, AS WELLAS AUSTRALIA AND THE US,UK,FRANCE,GERMANY, DENMARK,ITALY, SPAIN, WE SURVEYED OVER 20,000 PEOPLEIN12COUNTRIES – OVER TIME.WORKING WITHPOLLINGAGENCY YOUGOV, ONLINE NEWS CONSUMPTION ACROSS COUNTRIES AND ATTEMPT YETTO TRACK ANDCOMPARE CHANGESIN THIS REPORTMARKS THEINSTITUTE’S MOST AMBITIOUS 33 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

This year we find more compelling evidence Fig 1. about the central role being played by smartphones and a sharp increase in the use of social media for finding, sharing, and discussing the news. We see significant growth in the use of online video and new visual formats and track the global rise of BuzzFeed and Huff ington Post, companies that have become masters at creating and distributing content in a social and mobile world. Fig 2. Four years’ worth of data show online now rivalling television as the most important news source in many countries, with print readership falling and social media growing in influence year on year as a source of news (see fig 1).

There is increased focus on the business problems facing the news industry which we third in the United States (32%), Spain (34%), University in Denmark, and the School of argue are becoming more critical with the and Italy (35%). Communication at the University of Navarra in move to mobile and the rise of ad-blockers. Spain. Ireland, Spain, Australia, Finland, Germany, Sales of printed newspapers have continued to While people everywhere trust the news and Denmark are producing their own country fall in most countries but this year’s data show sources they personally ‘use most of the time’ reports, with many organising their own events. no discernible increase in paid online content – more than ‘news in general’, the discrepancy These partnerships have considerably or in willingness to pay (see fig 2). between those two figures seems greatest in increased the impact of this research, which is countries with the most partisan, and hence The report also includes detailed new research widely used and cited by industry, regulators, polarised, media. into consumer attitudes to sponsored and and academics. Visits to our website have branded content (so-called native advertising). Our academic partnerships continue to deepen. doubled compared with the same period It points to widespread confusion over labelling Joining the project this year were the Tow last year (35,000 in the first month), with over and suggests news companies have more to lose Center at Columbia University in the United 10,000 downloads of the full report pdf, 15,000 than advertisers in terms of trust and integrity. States, the News and Media Research Centre at views of the Slideshare, and 6,300 views the Canberra University in Australia, and the School promotional video on YouTube. International Finally, the report finds significant diff erences of Communications at Dublin City University, media coverage was extensive and included in people’s trust in news across countries, with Ireland. This active research community also the BBC, Washington Post, Financial Times, The over two-thirds (68%) agreeing that they trust includes our longstanding partners the Hans Times, Guardian, Columbian Journalism Review, the media in Finland, compared with only one- Bredow Institute in Hamburg, Roskilde Nieman Lab, Fortune, and many others. 342 INNOVATORS IN DIGITAL NEWS: KEY FINDINGS LUCY KÜNG REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

WE ARE NOW TWO DECADES INTO THE INTERNET. A NEW LANDSCAPE OF DIGITAL MEDIA PRODUCTS, PLATFORMS, CONSUMPTION DEVICES, AND CONSUMPTION PATTERNS HAS EMERGED AND CONTINUES TO EVOLVE.

These changes have brought challenges for all established media organisations, from Hollywood movie studios to public service broadcasters, from the publishers of books and scientific journals, from music producers to advertising agencies.

Below: Buzzfeed employees work at the company’s This book focuses on one segment of the many sectors that make up the media industry, digital headquarters in New York January 9, 2014. REUTERS/ news organisations. Within that segment it focuses further on just five players; the Guardian, Brendan McDermid. Opposite page: Buzzfeed employees work at the company’s headquarters in New York January 9, the New York Times, Quartz, BuzzFeed and Vice. These players have been chosen because they 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid are all to diff erent degrees and in diff erent ways successful with digital news, even though in the competencies have? dothey What corporate strategies, cultures and activities anchored inthelarger organisation? approach digital journalism?Howare these approach digital Howdothey news. case studies explore howtheseorganisations Based onfirst-hand research, thebook’s do they Innovate? How do they Operate? How growth potential thatdigital markets present. players, legacy andclean-sheet, can seize the their prowess provides pointers for howall success oftheseorganisations, andwhether whether common elementsunderliethe The goal oftheresearch was to explore successes, andperhapsrole models. diff actors are allrecognised inthefield,they to So whiletheseare nottheonlysuccessful trust ownership, andventure capital backing. clean-sheet status, between publicownership, betweenand analoguerevenues, legacy and are profound diff can onlybeusedinaqualifiedway: there state theterm industry, ‘success’ ofthenews current disrupted andincreasingly divergent erent anddisputed extents asleaders, erences between digital within it. Thefirst isablendingofjournalistic, within it. the nature ofcompetition andconsumption to andto theemerging digital industry news Then come twoelementsspecificto some distractions. boundaries, allowsprioritisation,andavoids and aclear andunequivocal strategy thatsets credibility withtheculture oftheorganisation, a viablestrategic path forward andhave from smartindividualswhohavedeveloped creates for itsusers, high-calibre leadership and the‘value’ (inmanagement terms) it of purposeabouttherole oftheorganisation high-performing organisations –asingularity elements whichare standard practice for At thecore oftheseare three inter-related present andfunction together. virtuous circle thatiscreated whenallare their powerliesincombination, inthe systemically:elements whichneedto beviewed to theirsuccess. Ithighlightsaset ofinterlinked common to theseorganisations thatcontribute detail ofthecase studies to identifyfactors The finalchapter ofthebooksift Success withDigitalNews Seven ElementsIntegral to s through the s through the opportunity to influence. that adigital organisation news haslimited financial resources available, bothelements priorities ofthosestakeholders) andbythe by ownership arrangements (andthe digital market. Thisisdirectly news influenced possible to opportunities andthreats inthe ability to innovate andrespond asdirectly as The finalelementinvolvesautonomy –the and howinnovation isbestapproached. more attuned itisto thepace oftheindustry learned abouthowthisfunctions, andthe been activeinthedigital field,themore ithas start. organisation Thelonger anews has to acquire orreplicate. Thefirst isanearly The finaltwocommon elementsare noteasy to reinvent qualitynews. using thefunctionalities ofdigital technology legacy days,andwhichisopen-mindedabout that isnotparticularly nostalgic abouttheold opportunity (albeitahighlycompetitive field), thedigital arenathat views asan news driven. Second comes a‘pro-digital culture’ processes thatare response anddata editorial thinkers, andcontent creation editorial processes, thepresence ofdigital involving adeepintegration oftech into technological, andcommercial competencies, 35 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS 36 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 Reunion Island.REUTERS/Gilles Adt picture taken July31,2015,ontheFrench IndianOcean Fournaise, oneoftheworld’s mostactivevolcanoes, inthis Above: Opposite page: Greece June28,2015.REUTERS/Alkis Konstantinidis.

The website willcontinue to professional concerns, both around press freedom, and publish thelatest research into therapidly changing

A man cycles byfreshA mancycles anti-EUgraff in Europe and beyond. in Europe andbeyond. media industry, issues issues media industry,

Molten lavaeruptsfrom thePiton dela iti inAthens, CAROLINE LEES OBSERVATORY JOURNALISM THE EUROPEAN audiences viatheEnglishEJOsite. partners havereached increasingly larger Articles shared andtranslated byEJOnetwork Portugal, Romania, UK,andUkraine. Republic, Germany, Italy, Latvia,Poland, through websites based inAlbania, Czech The EJOpublishesitsworkin10languages, Oregon, Eugene. Journalism andCommunication, University of Charles University, Prague; andtheSchoolof University ofKyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kiev; University ofDortmund;theNational Institut, S Svizzera italiana, Lugano; theErich-Brost- c countries, includingtheUniversità della RISJ workswith14research institutes in10 s speaking world. European mediaresearchers andtheEnglish- promote communication between Eastern press freedom, andcollaboration, butalsoto The networkT aimsto foster professionalism, ACADEMICS ANDJOURNALISTS. RESEARCH INTO JOURNALISMANDMEDIAISSUES TO ESTABLISHED TO DISSEMINATE THERESULTS OF THE EJOISANINTERNATIONAL NETWORK T O J C from academia. contributors from theprofession, aswell journalists andto attract well-known Ithopes to reachand beyond. more practising and professional concerns, bothinEurope issuesaroundmedia industry, press freedom, the latest research into the rapidly changing audience. Thewebsite willcontinue to publish The RISJ aimsto buildontheEJO’s growing journalism, byAlexandre Léchenet. research into data journalismandcross-border Gruber; andatimelyarticlebased onhis about therole ofpress embargoes by Sonja internet age, byKellieRiordan; adiscussion into whether impartiality matters inthe research to thesite. Theseincludethefindings contributed articlesabouttheiroriginal A numberofRISJ journalistfellows have Research Center. Nieman Lab, journalism.co.uk, andthePew websites. TheseincludeThomsonReuters, international mediaresearch andnews regularly picked upandshared bypopular on socialmediaandbyhavingitsarticles by buildinganextensive andactivepresence The site hasincreased itsreach, particularly School ofJournalismatSciences Po, Paris. and Alice Antheaume, DeputyDirector ofthe Professor ofJournalismatRoskilde University; at the Interaction Lab);Wolfgang Blau,director ofdigital (and memberoftheHumanComputer College ofJournalism, University ofMaryland Nick Diakopoulos, Assistant Professor atthe analysts, andrespected academics, including well-known journalists,professional media The EnglishEJOhaspublishedarticlesby Guardian newspaper; MarkBlach-Oersten, 37 RESEARCH PROJECTS RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

THE EURO CRISIS, MEDIA COVERAGE, AND PERCEPTIONS OF EUROPE WITHIN THE EU

Sponsors: John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund Lead author: Robert G. Picard Researcher: Susana Salgado

This project examined how Europeans understand the challenges facing the euro and workings of the European Union and European Central Bank through the news media of their countries. It explored how the euro crisis has been portrayed in media in EU countries and how diff erences in coverage and journalistic practices have aff ected perceptions of the crisis and Europe. It was a large-scale project directed by the RISJ with partners studying coverage in Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, and the UK. More than 10,000 articles from 40 newspapers in 10 countries were analysed in the project. 38

Political Infl uence Media Pluralism Monitor Measuring Online News Index Project Pilot Test: United Kingdom Consumption and Supply

Sponsors: The John Fell Oxford Sponsors: Centre for Media Pluralism Sponsors: A project commissioned by University Press (OUP) Research Fund and Media Freedom, European Oliver & Ohlbaum Associates for Ofcom Project director: Robert G. Picard University Institute, Florence, Italy with input from RISJ and the Oxford Project director: Robert G. Picard Internet Institute. The Political Influence Index project is Lead researcher: Jelena Dzakula Project director for RISJ: producing a method and assessment Robert G. Picard instrument for comparative national RISJ produced the UK results based on Lead researchers for RISJ: measurements of the influence of media on implementation of the EU Media Pluralism Nic Newman and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen politics/government and the influence of Monitor pilot project. The monitor is a risk- politics/government on media. This index will based assessment tool developed for the This study explores how audiences for news REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE capture the relationships and interactions European Commission in response to concerns are measured across digital platforms (web, of media and politics and the distribution of by the European Parliament and the Council of tablets, and smartphones) and how data can power between media and political actors. the European Union about media pluralism in better be used for understanding where and Implementation of the index will create a member states and across Europe. The method how news is accessed and shared in society. dataset for use in a variety of media, political, does not determine whether pluralism exists The study reviews the tools and methods and political communication research settings. or the extent to which it exists but rather uses used in digital audience measurement in It will be far more focused and precise than risk-based analysis to identify areas on which industry and universities, their strengths existing transparency, corruption, and free policy-makers should focus attention, consider and limitations, the kinds of data various press indices that are widely used in a variety of mitigating factors, and determine whether measurements produce, and the diff iculties media, political, and policy research. The index policy action is warranted. The study revealed involved in measuring across platforms. It was developed in 2013–14 and a pilot test is that the UK does well overall, but identified focuses on measurements of uses, loyalty, currently under way assessing its applicability some deficiencies in political, economic, and and engagement and key performance in a variety of media, political, and cultural socio-political indicators that may deserve indicators. settings. The test implementation is being attention from policy-makers. The results were • made in Germany, France, Italy, Hungary, India, released on 21 October 2014 at a seminar in Russia, UK, and US. Once that is evaluated, London for policy-makers, media companies, and the instrument adjusted to account for scholars, and media organisations. any issues identified, the Institute hopes to • implement it more widely, making evaluations around the world, probably starting with the OECD and BRIC countries. • 39

The Impact of Charity and Tax Law/Regulation on Not-For-Profi t News Organisations

Sponsors: RISJ and the Information Society Project, Yale Law School, Yale University

Project directors: Robert G. Picard RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS and Valerie Belair-Gagnon

This collaborative research project is exploring the impact of national charity and tax laws and regulation on eff orts to establish and operate not-for-profit news organisations. It focuses on UK, US, Canada, Australia, and Ireland, all developed countries with Anglo-based legal systems. The project will be completed in late 2015 with publication of results expected in early 2016.•

Visualisation of Academic Research

Sponsors: RISJ with the support of the University of Oxford’s ESRC Impact Acceleration Account in partnership with Nesta and the Alliance for Useful Evidence Project directors: Robert G. Picard and David Levy Lead researcher: Malu A. C. Gatto

Professor Robert G. Picard convened a series of workshops with journalists, policy organisations, the business community, and civil society organisations to address issues surrounding the visual presentation of academic research results and academic knowledge. The project aimed to cultivate better understanding amongst academics of the nature of the demand for visualised research and the ways in which it can improve media coverage, public understanding of complex issues, and use of academic research in practice.•

Opposite page, bottom: A woman reacts aft er seeing her son, who was rescued from the Garissa University attack in Kenya’s capital Nairobi April 4, 2015, following Thursday’s seige by gunmen in their campus in Garissa. REUTERS/ Thomas Mukoya. This page, above: An elderly protester yells as she is blocked by a barricade of policemen while marching down the street during a rally in central Seoul, South Korea, April 24, 2015. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji. Left : Libyan women celebrate aft er the Supreme Court invalidated the country’s parliament, at Martyrs’ Square in Tripoli November 6, 2014. REUTERS/Ismail Zitouny. 4046 2014-2015 PUBLICATIONS REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

MANY RISJ EDITED BOOKS PUBLICATIONS ARE AVAILABLE FOR FREE DOWNLOAD FROM OUR WEBSITE. HARD COPIES CAN BE PURCHASED VIA OUR PARTNER PUBLISHER I. B. TAURIS, AMAZON, OR Local Journalism: The Euro Crisis in the Media: THE UNIVERSITY The Decline of Newspapers and Journalistic Coverage of OF OXFORD the Rise of Digital Media Economic Crisis and ONLINE STORE. Edited by European Institutions Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Edited by Robert G. Picard

Sponsor: Reuters Institute for the Sponsor: John Fell Oxford University Press Study of Journalism (OUP) Research Fund

For more than a century, local journalism The euro crisis produced the most significant has been taken almost for granted. But the challenge to European integration in 60 21st century has brought major challenges. years, testing the structures and powers of The newspaper industry that has historically the European Union and the Eurozone and provided most local coverage is in decline and threatening the common currency. This it is not yet clear whether digital media will book explores how the financial and political sustain new forms of local journalism. This crisis was portrayed in the European press book provides an international overview of and the implications of that coverage on the challenges facing changing forms of local public understanding of the developments, journalism today. It identifies the central role their causes, responsibilities for addressing that diminished newspapers still play in local the crisis, the roles and eff ectiveness of media ecosystems, analyses relations between European institutions, and the implications local journalists and politicians, government for European integration and identity. It off icials, community activists and ordinary addresses factors that shaped news and citizens, and examines the uneven rise of new analysis, the roles of European leaders, forms of digital local journalism. Together, the and the extent to which national and pan- chapters present a multi-faceted portrait of the European debates over the crisis occurred. precarious present and uncertain future of local In doing so, it provides a clear and readable journalism in the Western world. explanation of what the portrayals tell us about Europe and European integration in the early 21st century. 41 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

CHALLENGES IN MODERN JOURNALISM

Journalism and PR: Innovators in Digital News News Media and Public Lucy Küng Relations in the Digital Age John Lloyd and Laura Toogood Sponsor: Reuters Institute for the Reporting the EU: News, Media, Study of Journalism Sponsor: David Ure and the European Institutions News organisations are struggling with John Lloyd and Cristina Marconi Public relations and journalism have had technology transitions and fearful for their a diff icult relationship for over a century, future. Yet a cadre of these institutions – Sponsor: John Fell Oxford University Press characterised by mutual dependence and, some new, some old – has emerged who are (OUP) Research Fund. oft en, mutual distrust. In recent years, succeeding with digital news. Why are Vice In recent years, media coverage of the developments in corporate PR and in political and BuzzFeed investing in journalism and European Union has faced its most serious communications mean that the news media why are pedigree journalists joining them? test. The crisis in the euro currency has outlets are less and less important to the Why are established news organisations thrown into sharp relief the shortcomings persuaders. The communications business letting experienced journalists go but of a style of reporting too oft en unable to is oft en able to bypass the gatekeepers. The recruiting technologists? This book looks engage the interest of audiences broader internet, especially social media, has made at several key players in the digital news than political, academic, and diplomatic reputation more precarious – but it has also industry – including the Guardian, the New elites. Also under the spotlight is a method of given companies, governments, and public York Times, Quartz, BuzzFeed, and Vice – and journalism geared largely towards reporting figures channels of communication of their draws on extensive first-hand research inside on relations between the EU and the country own. The need to proclaim and protect the organisations. How do they operate? that the news organisation serves. This the brand, personal, corporate, or political, How do they innovate? Lucy Küng identifies book, based on extensive interviews with EU means that public relations is now a top-table and discusses the common elements that correspondents, editors, and public relations profession whilst journalism struggles for underlie their success, and provides valuable and other EU executives, reveals for the first survival. This unique study illuminates and pointers for how all players, legacy and clean- time how the powerful group of institutions analyses a new media age. • sheet, can seize the growth potential that at the heart of the Union are covered – or not digital markets present. • covered. Exploring the diff iculties in reporting on a multinational institution, the authors highlight the struggle to develop a modern, engaging journalism capable of fully holding the EU system to account.• 422

by the Reuters Institute and the Society of Professional Journalists. The research found journalists are concerned they will have to work harder, engage in personal branding and entrepreneurship, and cannot count on stable employment, full-time jobs, or indeed life-long journalistic careers. Nevertheless, they do not fundamentally believe journalism will be less satisfying or less independent and generally see journalism as a relatively stable collection of fundamental practices and techniques that is not dependent on medium or existentially threatened. • REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE

Big Data for Media REPORTS Martha L. Stone

Sponsor: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism

News and media companies are rapidly developing ‘Big Data’ strategies to eff ectively use the growing amount of user data available from internet and mobile communications. Most are overwhelmed by the amount of data and struggling to create strategies and techniques to improve data analysis and its application for editorial and business uses. This report explores the opportunities and Making Research Useful: challenges of big data and best practices Current Challenges and Best that are emerging in media and other digital Practice in Data Visualisation firms. It includes case studies from companies Malu A. C. Gatto such as Huff ington Post, BuzzFeed, the Sponsors: Reuters Institute for the Study of Financial Times, and CNN that reveal diff erent Disaster Averted? Journalism with the support of the University ways to utilise data and why it becomes a Television Coverage of of Oxford’s ESRC Impact Acceleration powerful tool in managing engagements with the 2013/14 IPCC’s Account in partnership with Nesta and the audiences. Climate Change Reports • Alliance for Useful Evidence James Painter This report advocates for the increased use Sponsors: Grantham Research Institute on of data visualisation techniques to illuminate Climate Change and the Environment at research findings and provides suggestions to London School of Economics and Political overcome some of the challenges academics Science; and the Norwegian Environment currently face in using them. • Agency

A new study on the television coverage of the 2013/4 blockbuster reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shows similarities and diff erences between countries in the way they cover climate change. Six countries were examined – Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, India, and the UK. In those countries which Journalists’ Perceptions of the covered the IPCC reports, the reporting shared Future of Journalistic Work a strong emphasis on portraying the adverse Robert G. Picard impacts or ‘disaster’ elements of the climate change story. Sponsors: Reuters Institute for the • Study of Journalism in cooperation with the Society of Professional Journalists

Journalists believe journalism will be a harder job with less institutional support in the future, according to a survey conducted prospects for nativeadvertising. the growth ofsocialdiscovery, andthe about themoveto mobile,theriseofvideo, Australia. Itcontains uniquedata andanalysis Finland,Urban Brazil,Denmark, Japan and US, Germany, France, Ireland, Italy, Spain, 2015 report includes12countries; theUK, consumersnews conducted byYouGov. The based onarepresentative ofonline survey insights aboutdigital consumption news The Journalism; University ofCanberra at ColumbiaUniversity’s Graduate Schoolof Institute; University ofNavarra; Tow Center UK; Roskilde University; HansBredow Research Foundation ofFinland;Edelman L’Espresso Group, Italy; MediaIndustry Authority ofIreland (BAI);France Télévisions; Sponsors: Google;BBC;Ofcom; Broadcasting L. Levy &RasmusKleisNielsen Edited by NicNewman, David A. Future ofNews Report 2015:Tracking the Reuters Institute DigitalNews Digital News Report 2015reveals new • WORKING PAPERS inaccurate ormisleading. contentvetted thanbeing served thatcould be endorse mediato waiting be for eyewitness and audience members are far more likely to to beminimalappetite for unverifiedcontent audiences ofallbackgrounds, there appears highlyvalued bynews isvery immediacy around theUK.Theauthorargues thatwhile focus groups, conducted inavariety oflocations used byjournalists,based onthefindingsof10 mediaare gathered, eyewitness verified,and of andattitudes towards themannerinwhich This report audiences’ explores news awareness MediaHub Journalism andEyewitness Sponsors: Reuters Institute for theStudy of Pete Brown towards Eyewitness Media News Audiences’ Attitudes Manufactured’: AStudyofUK ‘It’s Genuine, asOpposedto Eva Nowak Comparative Approach the Public,andEconomy: A Media intheTriangle ofPolitics, Frameworks ofPublicService Autonomy andRegulatory Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden,andtheUK. regulatory frameworks inFrance, Germany, study analysestheinfluencingfactors onPSM economic objectivesintheirregulation. This challenges, emphasisingpolitical, public,or states diff react invery media use,andeconomy. European inmediatechnology,by developments broadcastersservice inEurope are challenged Traditional regulatory frameworks for public Study ofJournalism Sponsor: Reuters Institute for the France, Germany, Spain, andItaly. five Western European democracies: Britain, analysed regarding recent general electionsin candidate orideology’. Thatphenomenonis supporting aparticular political party, of mediaoutlets explicitlyorimplicitly coalitions, definedasthe‘assortment introduces concept thenew ofmedia studiesThis paper previous and reviews Study ofJournalism Sponsor: Reuters Institute for the Juan Pablo Artero Coalitions inWestern Europe Political Parallelism andMedia erent ways to these • • 45 43 REUTERS INSTITUTERESEARCH ANNUAL AND PUBLICATIONSREPORT ’14-’15 44 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 RESEARCH ASSOCIATES Time He isaContributingEditor to the Research Fellow attheReuters Institute. John Lloydisaco-founder andSenior JOHN LLOYD communications hasbecome routine. where massmonitoring ofactivitiesand change to reality reflect anew inaworld andwhetherNet; ornotjournalismmust worldfollowing theadventof in anew journalism andtheintelligence are services in whatways ithaschanged; howfar both the US inorder to determine howfar and inFrance,services Germany, theUK,and between journalism andthesecurity of theproject isto examine therelationship Dawson ofKingsCollege, London. Theaim US. Theresearcher ontheproject isJames from theNational SecurityAgency inthe project whichwas prompted bytheleaks Institute onjournalismandsecurity:a He ispresently working onabookfor the published byAtlantic Booksin2016. The BigStory: JournalismintheWorld unable to workwithinRussia).Hisbook, declared a‘Foreign Agent’, ispresently of CivicEducation (though,havingbeen CounciloftheMoscow School Advisory Repubblica s, acolumnist for reuters.com and of Rome andchairman ofthe Financial willbe La La LARA FIELDEN press regulation. oncomparative Inquiry Leveson global and buildingonherRISJ report for the (IPSO) adjudicating onpress complaints Independent Press Standards Organisation ontheComplaintsCommittee ofthe served speech intheUK.From autumn 2014shehas debate onmediaregulation andfreedom of College London’s Fellowship Chevening In October 2014 shewas apanellist atKing’s conferences andSelectCommittee inquiries. articles andcontributed to academic regulation shehaspublishednumerous Building onherRISJ publications onmedia Research Associate andasaVisitingFellow. the Reuters Institute since 2011,asa Lara Fieldenhashadanassociationwith ANNE GENIETS Larrondo (2015). Meso, Irati Agirreazkuenaga andAinara Audiences andJournalism, 2015)andcontributed(February to and atNorthwestern University inQatar updated research attheUniversity ofBilbao (Routledge, 2013),Annepresented her resulting book Consumption andTrust attheRISJ andthe research Provision, onInternational News OUP Fell Fund. In2014/2015,based onher at theUniversity ofOxford, funded bythe Abuse intheContext ofDisabilityinKenya’ the Politics ofPoverty: Addressing Child and theproject ‘“Hidden”Children and Oxford University ITInnovation SeedFund, (www.gogirloxford.org), funded bythe co-directs theITproject go_girl:code+create funded mCHWproject (www.mchw.org) and Currently, sheworksontheESRC-DFID in theUKandlow-income countries. consumption inlow-income settings both andmediaproduction and interventions of Oxford, researching mobilehealth at theDepartment ofEducation, University Anne Geniets isapost-doctoral researcher The GlobalNews Challenge ed.Koldobika Active Disrupt, theCaseofBBCNews Online. Disrupt, Organizations the BBCandCNN–ManagingMedia Media Management BookAward), toTheory Practice Strategic ManagementintheMedia:From including Ashridge. She isauthorofnumerous books, and anMBAfrom CityUniversity London/ from theUniversity ofStGallen,Switzerland provider. She holdsaPhDandHabilitation company) amediatechnology andofVizrt, SSR broadcasting (theSwisspublicservice also Non-Executive Board MemberofSRG the University ofJönköping, Sweden.Sheis Oslo andProfessor ofMediaEconomics at of MediaInnovation attheUniversity of the Reuters Institute, sheisVisitingProfessor Zurich andOxford. Inadditionto herrole at mastering technology shift the media,withparticular emphasison strategy, innovation, andleadership in researching, advising,andlecturing on Lucy Küng splitshertimebetween LUCY KÜNG Innovators inDigital News , and (winner oftheAEMJM When InnovationFails to s. Sheisbased in Inside (2015), which hechaired until2008. Trustee oftheThomsonReuters Foundation, of theRISJ Steering Committee, anda (ITN) andatCO2benchmark.com, amember director atIndependentTelevision News London head off Netherlands, and,latterly, attheReuters and editingpositionsinBelgium,the Reuters in1983,where heheldreporting Europe andAP-Dow Jonesbefore joining career asareporter inBrusselswithAgence Reuters from 2000to 2006.Hestarted his Geert Linnebank was Editor-in-Chief of GEERT LINNEBANK ice. Geertisanon-executive NIC NEWMAN strategies for digital transition. companiesnews onproduct andbusiness on digital media,workingactivelywith audience engagement. Heisaconsultant audience metrics andtechniques for and hasalsobeenresearching online the Reuters Institute BBC Journalismsites. Nicislead editor of and interactive TVapplications for all digital teams, websites, mobile, developing As Head heled ofProduct Development coverage asWorldEditor (1997–2001). Website, leadingBBC News international decade. Hewas afounding memberofthe the BBC’s internet overmore thana services strategist whoplayedakeyrole inshaping isajournalistanddigitalNic Newman Digital News Report

45 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS 46 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 VISITING FELLOWS voter engagement andturnout. organisations andtheirimpact on of good practice bymedia election. Hefocuses onexamples around the2015UKgeneral voters in theissuesanddebates channels andinitiativesto engage the mediausedtheirsocial preparation for RISJ studies how innovation, hisresearch paper in audiences, andsocialmedia and decliningtraditional media in politics,reputational issues disengagement andlackoftrust turnout inelections,widespread marketing. At atimeofdeclining on political communications and blogger andregular commentator Business Leaders Forum. Heisa director for thePrince ofWales international communications for theBritishLabourParty and roles haveincludedHead of Press communications firms.Prior world’s largest PRanddigital oneofthe Weber Shandwick, Colin isCEO,UK,andEMEAof COLIN BYRNE the campaign. television’s role inandimpact upon on therecent 2015electionand has presented research papers with campaigning politicians.She complexity oftheirrelationship time, andtraces thegrowing the campaign inarelatively short heart of in the1950sto thevery ofcontests from theperiphery It follows thebroadcasters’ path strategies to suitTV’s demands. of communication andcampaign dramatically shapedtheirmethods how politiciansandparties have defined theelectionfor and viewers, created themoderncampaign and hasboth It looksathowtelevision UK electioncampaigns since 1945. doctoral and thesisontelevision Her current research updates her College, Oxford, in1986. completed aDPhilatStAntony’s Programme where shepresented the Channel Four, andattheBBC Maya was abroadcaster atITN, MAYA EVEN . Priorto this,she Money KATJA LEHTISAARI in UKandabroad. well aspresented atconferences economics research andpolicy as on thecrossing pointsofmedia Russian businessjournalism,and of in Russia,onthedevelopment changes inTVadvertisingmarket her stay, shealsopublishedon and mediaconvergence. During and challenges witheconomy obstacles for mediafreedom field includeatthesametime forces shapingtheRussianmedia manoeuvring bythestate. The marketisation andincreasing market whichisamixture of in thedichotomised media on thelatest developments on Russianmedia,focusing was workingonaresearch project convergence. WhilstatRISJ, she market structures andmedia ofthepress the development media studies andquestionslike Finnish mediaandcomparative interests includee.g.Russianand European Studies. Herresearch ofEast the FinnishReview the editor-in-chief of University ofHelsinki,Finland,and at theAleksanteri Institute, Katja isapostdoctoral researcher Ehrnrooth Foundation) Foundation, EllaandGeorg (sponsors: HelsinginSanomat Idäntutkimus, Media BusinessStudies Communication LISCHKA JULIANE A. Quarterly, Journalism &MassCommunication published in Juliane’s latest studies were for journalismandaudiences. online socialnetwork algorithms bigdata,surveillance, and society, i.e. therole ofdigital eff economic expectations, and(2) inprivatenews andcorporate society, i.e. therole ofeconomic include (1)mediaeff Her further research areas the digital age. challenges andopportunities of organisations’ responses to diff While atRISJ, Julianeinvestigated since completing herPhDin2014. IPMZ asapostdoctoral researcher Zurich, andhasbeenworkingat Research (IPMZ),University of Communication andMedia a PhDfrom theInstitute ofMass University ofZurich. Sheholds and Teaching Assistant atthe Juliane isaSeniorResearch ects oftheinternet usage on erences inUKandSwissnews

European Digital Journalism , and ects on

Journal of Journal of . , 47 RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

ALEJO MIRO FRANÇOIS NEL JONATHAN QUESADA STONEMAN

Alejo is the President of Editorial François is the founding Director Formerly an Editor of BBC Letras e Imágenes. Whilst at RISJ of the Journalism Leaders’ Language Services (Croatian and he continued to work on his Programme at the University Macedonian) and latterly Head forthcoming publication What a of Central Lancashire in of Training at BBC World Service, Director Expects from Journalists Preston and convenor of Digital Jonathan is now a freelance and from the Owners drawing Editors Network. While at RISJ, trainer specialising in data on his experience of 50 years of François pursued his interest journalism. His research project practice. The book is aimed at in news media innovation and asked ‘Does open data need journalists, students in the final entrepreneurship in several ways, journalism?’ and examined the years of study (preferably with including convening the UK’s first impact of open data initiatives a certain degree of professional Journalism Entrepreneurship in various countries, including activity), directors, and media Summit hosted by Google Burkina Faso, Kenya, the US, and owners, especially in Latin Campus London. The research the UK. As well as tracing stories America, and follows the sequence workshop for the first time which were derived in some way of the Virtuous Circle of Quality brought together entrepreneurs, from open data, Jonathan looked Journalism, which was developed funders, support agencies, at the degree to which openness by Miro Quesada. It also includes policy-makers, educators, and corresponds with factors such as chapters about the newspaper researchers to consider the overall the perception of corruption. At business, the dilemma of internet, state of the country’s journalism the time of writing, his research and the future of newspapers. entrepreneurship ecosystem. findings were suggesting that, Interim findings from the study although open data initiatives were published for discussion, rarely, if ever, mention journalists which will further inform a final as end users, open data initiatives report to be published next year. will not make a significant François also spent time analysing impact unless journalists are more than 2,000 responses to seen to make use of them, and to a global study into news media publicise them. innovation which has been conducted in 10 languages since 2010. 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14 49 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE EVENTS A LEADING FORUM FOR ENGAGEMENT AND EXCHANGE

A goat takes a leap from one cart to another as a vendor watches at a wholesale vegetable market in the old quarters of Delhi February 19, 2015. REUTERS/Adnan Abidi 50 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 RISJ EVENTS 2014-2015 School). The panel discussion included School). Thepanel discussionincluded Digital Journalism atColumbiaJournalism with Nuff 90th Birthday. was jointlyorganised Thisevent delivered thislecture to markSirDavidButler’s findings ofthe2014 St Peter’s College, Oxford 17 October 2014 Political Interviewing the answers’: TheFuture of ‘Not thequestions you fool, was hostedevent by Nic Newman School, Tokyo Waseda University Journalism 11 September 2014 Presentation Digital News Report 2014 Report authors Commerce, Japan The BritishChamberof 11 September 2014 News Presentation The Challengefor SPECIAL EVENTS by annual Reuters MemorialLecture was delivered Chancellor oftheUniversity ofOxford, the Introduced by St Anne’s College, Oxford 21 November 2014 Make uporBreak up? Silicon Valley andJournalism: Reuters MemorialLecture: David Dimbleby former Reuters Fellow). and In-DepthReporting, and Kyodo News Yasuomi Sawa Waseda University JournalismSchool)and presented thefindingsof2014 News Report Emily Bell ield College, University ofOxford. atabreakfast meeting. (Director atthe TOW Center for and Lord Patten of Barnes, NicNewman (Deputy Editor, Investigative (chair of BBC Question Time) (chairofBBCQuestionTime) David Levy Digital News Report Shiro Segawa and presented the David Levy Digital (Professor,

. This organised withNuff delivered thislecture. was jointly Thisevent Partnerships, International, Google). Twitter), Vivian Schiller Post, North America Latin America Nic Newman Levy transformation. Theforum was ledby are confronting thekey challenges ofdigital experience abouthowtheirorganisations and to share, off for 24hours to learn from RISJ research Editors-in-Chief andCEOsfrom eightcountries leaders, industry distinguished group ofnews forumThe one-day gathered together avery 16-17 April2015,RISJ, Oxford and CEOForum Oxford Editor-in-Chief Alan Rusbridger Nuffi 6 March 2015 The World since Snowden together with Steve Herrmann Centre for Journalism,Cardiff Kleis Nielsen digital transition withRISJ colleagues of discussionanddebate onkeyissuesinthe Sweden, Norway, andFinlandfor twodays from publicbroadcasters inDenmark, the Heads andtheseniorteams ofNews seminarbrought togetherThis high-level St Anne’s College, Oxford 23 Feb 2015 Seminar Programme Nordic PSBExecutive The New News Environment: Alan Rusbridger with themajority from Berlingske Guardian eld College, Oxford and , Rasmus KleisNielsen Madhav Chinnappa , and Globe andMail , El

andincludedparticipants from País , Richard Sambrook (Former Global Chair of News, (Former Global ChairofNews, Financial ( David Levy, (Huff therecord, theirideas and La Nación (Editor-in-Chief, (Editor-in-Chief, (Editor, Online). BBCNews , Neue ield College. ington Post, Europe

Times Zürcher from Canada)but from Argentina), and , University) and (Head of News (Head ofNews Lucy Küng ). ( Irish Times

Nic Newman Zeitung Guardian Washington Guardian (Director, Rasmus David , , and ), ), , ) , 51 1 British Chamber of Commerce, Japan; 2 David Dimbleby introducing Sir David Butler’s 90th Birthday lecture; 3 Sir David Butler; 4 Emily Bell; 5 Madhav Chinnappa; 6 Oxford Editor-in-Chief and ECO Forum; 7 Vivian Schiller; EVENTS 8 Alan Rusbridger; 9 James Lamont and Monique Villa

1 2 33

4 5 6

7 8 9 6 52 4 1 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 7 NicNewman; andRobert 8Jo Geary Shrimsley, 6 Trish Evans, 5 Digital News Report 2015Launch, 4 Aron Pilhofer andFran Unsworth, 3 Lucy Küng, ©Julia Massey-Stewart, TheMangoLab; 1 DavidLevy, 2Panel for “PublicRelations: TheMaster Now”; ©Julia Massey-Stewart, TheMangoLab; ©Julia Massey-Stewart, TheMangoLab; © ElyseMarks; © ElyseMarks; 2 7 © ElyseMarks; 8 5 5 3 53 EVENTS

PUBLICATION LAUNCHES Reuters Institute Digital Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2015 News Report 2015 Reporting the EU 16 June 2015 23 June 2015 14 October 2014 Edelman, London Broadcasting Authority of Ireland European Council on Foreign (BAI), Dublin Relations (ECFR), London Report authors Nic Newman and David Levy presented the findings of the 2015 Digital David Levy presented the findings of the Around 45 people attended this breakfast News Report followed by a panel discussion 2015 Digital News Report to a group from launch event. Authors John Lloyd and chaired by Ed Williams (Edelman UK CEO) the Irish Parliament. Cristina Marconi (freelance journalist and featuring: Jo Geary (Head of UK News & former Journalist Fellow) presented their Government Partnerships, Twitter), Aron ‘It’s Genuine, as Opposed key findings, followed by a response from Pilhofer (Executive Editor of Digital, the to Manufactured’: A Study Sara Hobolt (European Institute, LSE). Hans Guardian), Robert Shrimsley (Managing of UK News Audiences’ Kundnani (Director of Research, ECFR) chaired Editor FT.com) and Fran Unsworth (Director, Attitudes towards the discussion and debate. This event was BBC World Service Group and Deputy Director jointly organised with the ECFR. of News and Current Aff airs). Eyewitness Media 15 July 2015 Reporting the EU Reuters Institute Digital Covent Garden, London 14 October 2014 News Report 2015 Author Pete Brown (Co-founder, Eyewitness Thomson Reuters, Brussels 18 June 2015 Media Hub) presented the report findings, Global Editors Network Summit, Authors John Lloyd and Cristina Marconi integrated with discussion with attendees led Barcelona (freelance journalist and former Journalist by Claire Wardle (Eyewitness Media Hub and Fellow) presented their findings at an event Nic Newman and David Levy presented the Director of Research, TOW Center). chaired by Paul Taylor (European Aff airs findings of the 2015 Digital News Report at a Editor, Reuters). This event was hosted by session moderated by Tom Kent (Standards Innovators in Digital News Thomson Reuters Brussels Off ice. Editor, the Associated Press). The session was 23 July 2015 LIVE streamed via the GEN YouTube Channel. Google UK, London Public Relations: Over 400 people attended the summit. Author Lucy Küng presented key findings The Master Now followed by a panel discussion including 2 December 2014 VOCER Innovation Day Aron Pilhofer (Executive Editor of Digital, the Royal Society of Arts, London Der Speigel Guardian); James Lamont (Managing Editor, 20 June 2015 Hosted by the RSA and organised by RISJ Financial Times) and Kevin Sutcliff e (Head of Der Spiegel, Hamburg this event launched Journalism and PR: News News Programming EU, VICE News). This was Media and Public Relations in the Digital Age Rasmus Kleis Nielsen presented the findings followed by Q&A chaired by David Levy. by John Lloyd and Laura Toogood. John of the 2015 Digital News Report at a session. Lloyd presented the main findings followed by a discussion chaired by Matthew Taylor (RSA Chief Executive) including Ed Williams (CEO, Edelman UK) and Trish Evans (Senior Lecturer in Public Relations, University of Westminster). Over 150 people attended this event. 54 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 with theIfG. in thedigital was age. co-organised This event public relations, journalism,andpolitics of current shift discussion was to establish anunderstanding relations professionals. Thepurposeofthe of journalists,policy-makers, andpublic (IfG), theReuters Institute andarange members oftheInstitute for Government This roundtable brought together event Institute for Government, London 5 February 2015 Digital Age Selling Politicsinthe the World Years ofInvestigativeJournalismfrom around Anya Schiff Government, Oxford Blavatnik Schoolof 13 October 2014 from around theWorld Investigative Journalism Discussion: 100Years of Global Muckraking of Digital andTV ChannelsatFrance Télévisions). the Sciences Po JournalismSchool,andDirector opening remarks from presented the2014 Report editors Sciences PoJournalismSchool,Paris 17 September 2014 Report 2014 Presentation ofDigitalNews PARTNERED EVENTS with Blavatnik SchoolofGovernment. Levy. Blavatnik SchoolofGovernment)and Professor Ngaire Woods This event was jointlyorganised Thisevent with , New Press, 2014) was, New indiscussion rin s intherelationship between David Levy (editor, Digital News Report Bruno Patino Global Muckraking: 100 and (Dean of Nic Newman (Director of with with David David

of DigitalStorytelling London: TheSocialImpact News ImpactSummit with School ofGovernment)was inconversation Professor Ngaire Woods Government, Oxford Blavatnik Schoolof 2 June2015 Century Over? Is theAmerican Rothermere American Institute. This seminarwas jointlyorganised withthe Presidents publication this seminarto markthelaunch ofhisnew Reuters’ Foundation Programme) gave Godfrey Hodgson Institute, Oxford Rothermere American 22 May 2015 Great Presidents JFK andLBJ:TheLast Two Google andtheLSE’s Polis think-tank. LabatCentre withthehelpofNews organised bytheEuropean Journalism the world.RISJ partnered onthisevent, content (UGC)investigation from allaround anduser-generateddriven storytelling, practices indigital reporting, data- news UK media,andfeatured someofthebest backgrounds, includinginternational and journalists andmediaexpertsfrom diverse brought togetherThis event leading 5 June2015,LSE,London with Blavatnik SchoolofGovernment. wasPress, jointlyorganised 2015).Thisevent book: Discussion focused onand around hisrecent John F. KennedySchoolof Government). political scientistandformer Dean ofthe Professor Joseph Nye Is theAmerican Century Over? (Yale University Press, 2015). JFK andLBJ: TheLast Two Great (former Director ofthe (Dean, Blavatnik (American (Polity with theBroadcasting Authority ofIreland. wasin Ireland). jointlyorganised Thisevent and Kevin O’Sullivan Useful Evidence. International Relations andtheAlliance for co-organised ofPolitics withtheDept. and of Scienceogram). Thisworkshopwas (Science Communicator andco-founder Mulholland wasUniversity). chaired Theevent by edition ofthe Dublin CityUniversity) presented theIrish candidate, SchoolofCommunications, where Institute for Future MediaandJournalism for DublinCityUniversity’sthe launchevent international 2015 David Levy Dublin CityUniversity 23 June2015 Journalism Shaping theFuture of Content, the Content, G. Picard Presentations were givenby it isbeingdone,andcurrent challenges. to explore whatdata visualisationis,how and students from theUniversity ofOxford This workshopbrought together researchers International Relations, Oxford Department ofPoliticsand 17 October 2014 and PoliticalVisualisation Practices inPolicy-Oriented Challenges andBest Visualisation: TheCurrent Making Research Usefulvia RESEARCH WORKSHOPS Alex White Niamh Kirk , Kate Day presented thefindingsfrom the (Editor, Telegraph Digital News Report (Minster ofCommunications (Editor-in-Chief, (Researcher andPhD Digital News Report (Director ofDigital Observer ), and ) andincluded Robert Robert Andrew Steele (DublinCity Irish Times John John at

)

55 EVENTS

Robert G. Picard, William Allen (Research Communicating Probabilistic Discussions on Developments Off icer, Migration Observatory), John Walton in Analysing Electoral (Senior Broadcast Journalist, BBC Visual Event Attribution (PEA) Behaviour and in the Journalism Unit), and Félix Krawatzek (DPhil 14 May 2015 Televising of Election Student in Politics, University of Oxford). Science Media Centre, Wellcome Trust, London Coverage over the Last Half Century Measuring Online News This one-day research seminar, facilitated by 17 October 2014 Consumption and Supply James Painter and Tom Sheldon (Science Nuffi eld College, Oxford 9 December 2014, Ofcom, London Media Centre), brought together scientists and journalists to discuss and debate the This aft ernoon research workshop was part This roundtable event brought together opportunities and barriers to eff ective of the celebrations for Sir David Butler’s 90th experts from the field, both practitioners and communication of PEA. This event was jointly birthday. It brought together academics and academics, to share ideas and hear others’ organised with the Dept. of Politics and practitioners from the worlds of journalism, perspectives on this topic. Discussion covered International Relations, Environmental Change polling, and public policy to discuss some of the recently published report for Ofcom; Institute, and the Science Media Centre. the key developments in these two fields. Measuring Online News Consumption and This event was jointly organised with Supply prepared by O&O, RISJ, and OII. Nuff ield College. How International Journalists Deal with the Policy Responses to Post Snowden World Presentation of UK Results Media Power 18 May 2015 from the Implementation 16 March 2015 Nuffi eld College, Oxford of the EU Media Pluralism RISJ, Oxford Monitor This closed seminar led by John Lloyd This seminar, led by Martin Moore (Research 21 October 2014 brought together journalists from France, Associate, RISJ) and moderated by Rasmus University of Westminster, London Germany, the UK, and the US, to reflect on Kleis Nielsen, explored what issues the how, in the wake of the leaks from the NSA Robert G. Picard and Jelena Dzakula increasing importance of US-based digital by Edward Snowden, journalism dealt with (Researcher, University of Westminster) intermediaries (notably Google, Facebook, the issue of security. Participants included presented the UK results from the Apple, and Amazon) raises in terms of media Ewan MacAskill (Defence and Security implementation of the EU Media Pluralism policy, especially with regards to core issues Correspondent, Guardian) and Luke Harding Monitor pilot project. Attendees included of media and power, plurality, and the public (Foreign Correspondent, Guardian) who are policy-makers, media companies, and interest in a democratic society. the Guardian Fellows at Nuff ield College for scholars. This event was jointly organised with 2014–15. This event was jointly organised the University of Westminster. The European Court with Nuff ield College. Attendees included of Justice ‘Right to Be Steven Erlanger (London Bureau Chief, New Making Research Useful via Forgotten’ Judgment and its York Times), Jacques Follorou (Journalist, Le Visualisation: The Current Implications Monde), and Marcel Rosenbach (Journalist, Trends in Social, Relational 24 April 2015 Der Spiegel). and Human Behavioural St Anne’s College, Oxford Visualisation This roundtable event, led by George Brock 14 November 2014 (Professor of Journalism, City University Department of Politics and London) explored the longer-term International Relations, Oxford implications of the judgment of May 2014 This workshop brought together researchers which has provoked heated debate as well and students from the University of Oxford to as a large number of applications to have focus on trends visualisation, how to illustrate information ‘delinked’ from Google searches. social trends. Presentations were given by 56 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14’14-’15 RISJ SEMINARSERIES 2014-2015 Where theWeb MeetsTV Visual JournalismattheBBC– correspondent, Ewen MacAskill Surveillance versus Privacy Snowden and theDebate on Financial Times Sarah Laitner Social MediaintheNewsroom Business School Management atJönKöping International Lucy Küng, Media Organisations Leadership andInnovation in Journalism Unit,BBC Amanda Farnsworth forecasters WGSN Global ChiefContent Offi Huffi Carla Buzasi Now Media How New MediaBecame Nic Newman, Audience Behaviour Technology andChanging Wave ofDisruptionfrom How JournalismFac John Lloyd Journalism intheDigitalAges Relations GetstheBetter of Gatekeepers NoMore: Public Dr RasmusKleisNielsen The Unfi MICHAELMAS TERM2014 GREEN TEMPLETON COLLEGE JOURNALISM AND PRACTICE OF THE BUSINESS ngton Post UK,andcurrently nished MediaRevolution , RISJ RISJ, andProfessor ofMedia , founding editor ofthe RISJ , communities editor, Guardian , defence andsecurity

, editor, Visual cer at trend es aSecond , RISJ

Herald &Times Group, Glasgow Gibson in China and Sustainable Development Environmental Journalism Journalism for JournalismatCardiff Journalism andDirector oftheCentre Richard Sambrook, The Future ofTelevision News Tom Thomson from Hollywood Thing: What thePress CanLearn A LittlePiracy Can BeaGood aggregation/chief curator Andrew Jack, News Aggregation The Top Five Dilemmasof Juan Señor Shaping theFuture ofNews Look attheLatest Innovations Innovation inNews Media–a HILARY TERM2015 Helen Boaden the Tough Times Service Broadcasting –Managing Creativity andChangeinPublic Middle East andAfrica, CNN Programming, London andEurope, Gill Penlington International Audience? Stories Resonate for an Beyond Borders: Which News The GreenRevolution author of Dr SamGeall Thomson Reuters Foundation and mediatraining, Timothy Large, Belinda Goldsmith, Reporting theUnreported , digitalinnovation manager, China andtheEnvironment: , partneratInnovations Media , University ofSussex and editor atFirstFT, headof , Director, Radio, BBC , managingeditor, , Director of director ofjournalism editor-in-chief, and Professor of Schoolof Grant Upnexxt Laurie Benson Reinvents itself Modern World: ALegacy Brand New PublishingModelsfor a Oxford Internet Institute Jonathan Bright Social Media The Spread ofNews of intheAge TRINITY TERM2015 © JuliaMassey-Stewart, TheMangoLab. journalism author ofhandbookoncross-border Brigitte Alfter Reporting A New Method ofCollaborative Cross-Border Journalism– Prospect Bronwen Maddox Journalism Pay How to Make SeriousMagazine BBC Radio1 Anna Doble Making News for Young Adults? The Economist Tom Standage The Economist News intheDigitalAge, andHow programmes for Europe, Vice News Kevin Sutcliff Aff The Future ofNews, Current The Battlefor Authenticity: airs, andDocumentary magazine , assistant editor, Newsbeat, e , journalist, lecturer and , chiefexecutive of , digitaleditor, , headofnews , research fellow, , editor, Fitsin Martin Kettle, Role ofLeader Writing The 2015UKElectionsandthe 4’s Financial Times Tim Harford In Praise ofMess managing editor inNorthAmerica Martin Dickson, Digital Revolution US Journalism:Front Lineofthe Conservative MPfor Daventry Christopher Heaton-Harris What istheFuture? Northern Ireland –andEurope... England, Scotland, Wales, executive editor, columnist, Natalie Nougayrede A French Perspective Media andPolitics: Northamptonshire to theTreasury andMPfor South Andrea Leadsom A UKPerspective EU Renegotiation andReform: MICHAELMAS TERM2014 NUFFIELD COLLEGE SEMINARS POLITICS MEDIA AND More orLess Guardian , author, columnist for the associate editor, and presenter ofRadio former Le Monde , Economic Secretary andformer , foreign aff Financial Times ,

airs Guardian

See History theirWay Everyone Wants Journalists to Time Present andTime Past: How journalist fellow Paris correspondent andformer RISJ Charlie HebdoAttacks and Salafi Jest, Japes,andJihad–Satirists Guardian Luke Harding Russian Media Global Information War andthe Nothing isTrue: TheKremlin’s Lord GuyBlack, and Beyond the Aftermath ofLeveson Media Freedom in2015– Channel 4News Lindsey Hilsum Bridget Kendall Russia/Ukraine Confl The ChallengesofReporting the Survey andUniversity ofManchester Professor JaneGreen Voting Goingto Change? The General Election–How is HILARY TERM2015 (Routledge, 2014) Support forRight in Britain theRadical of University, co-author (withRobert Ford) Dr Matthew Goodwin 2015 General Election? What ImpactwillUKIPhave atthe Select Committee Andrew Tyrie Parliament andtheMedia Emma JaneKirby, standards body board memberofIpso, thenew press Revolt ontheRight:ExplainingPublic

sts intheWake ofthe , foreign correspondent, , MPandchairofTreasury , international editor, , BBCdiplomaticeditor

Telegraph former BBC , Nottingham , BritishElection ict director and

openDemocracy Drawing ontheExperience of on New MediaandtheElection of democracy? SomeRefl New Forms ofMedia,New Forms Sussex, Professor Ivor Gaber Perspectives Election andtheMedia:Two Refl TRINITY TERM2015 Channel 4News Michael Crick and Television The ChangingFace ofElections secretary to theTreasury Sir NicholasMacpherson does itMeanfor theTreasury? The UKPost theElection–What South andformer foreign secretary Dame Margaret Beckett a 40Year View Politicians andtheMedia– openDemocracy Anthony Barnett ections ontheGeneral Dr Maya Even , politicaleditor, , founder of , University of , visitingfellow, RISJ , MPfor Derby , permanent ections 57 8 EVENTS 2 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’13-’14 59 REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE ABOUT US

Boys walk behind patrolling soldiers in Bujumbura, Burundi, May 15, 2015. REUTERS/Goran Tomasevic 60 GOVERNANCE 2014-15

ADVISORY BOARD EDITORIAL STEERING COMMITTEE COMMITTEE The Institute’s Advisory The Editorial Committee The Steering Committee Board comprises is primarily focused provides strategic oversight individuals with expertise on commissioning and to the Institute’s activities and experience relevant to approving RISJ Challenges and is made up of a number the work of the Institute. publications and edited of experts in the fi eld from books along with other Oxford and beyond. 1 2 research projects. REUTERS INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT ’14-’15 REPORT ANNUAL REUTERS INSTITUTE 1 LORD PATTEN OF DR DAVID LEVY TIM GARDAM Chair BARNES Director, RISJ, Chair Principal, St Anne’s College Chancellor of the PROFESSOR MARK DAMAZER University of Oxford, Chair TIMOTHY GARTON ASH Master, St Peter’s College 2 PROFESSOR STEPHEN Professor of European Studies, DR ELIZABETH FRAZER ANSOLABEHERE St Antony’s College, Oxford Head of Department of Politics and Professor of Government, IAN HARGREAVES CBE International Relations Harvard University, USA Professor of Digital Economy, 3 4 JANICE FRENCH 3 CARLO DE BENEDETTI Cardiff University Administrator of the Department of Chairman, Gruppo Editoriale GEERT LINNEBANK Politics and International Relations L’Espresso S.p.A Trustee, Thomson Reuters (to Jan ‘15) 4 ARIANNA HUFFINGTON Foundation and non-executive PROFESSOR Chair, President, and director at ITN TIMOTHY GARTON ASH Editor-in-Chief, Huff ington Post JOHN LLOYD Professor of European Studies, Media Group, L’Espresso S.p.A Senior Research Fellow, RISJ St Antony’s College, Oxford 5 LORD (RICHARD) DR RASMUS KLEIS DR DAVID LEVY INGLEWOOD NIELSEN 5 6 Director, RISJ Chairman CN Group Director of Research, RISJ GEERT LINNEBANK 6 SYLVIE KAUFFMANN DR JAMES PAINTER Trustee of the Thomson Reuters Editorial Director, Le Monde Director, Fellowship Programme, RISJ Foundation and non-executive 7 JOHN MICKLETHWAIT PROFESSOR director at ITN Editor-in-Chief, The Economist ROBERT G. PICARD PROFESSOR NEIL (to Dec ‘14) Director of Research, RISJ (to Dec ‘14) MACFARLANE Editor-in-Chief, Bloomberg Lester B. Pearson Professor of (from Jan ‘15) PROFESSOR JEAN SEATON International Relations, Department 8 MICHAEL PARKS Professor of Communications of Politics and International Relations 7 8 Professor of Journalism, and Media History, University of PROFESSOR Annenberg School for Westminster MARGARET MACMILLAN Communication and Journalism, PROFESSOR KATRIN Warden, St Antony’s College University of Southern VOLTMER California, USA DR RASMUS KLEIS NIELSEN Professor of Communication and Director of Research, RISJ 9 ALAN RUSBRIDGER Democracy, University of Leeds (from Jan. 2015) Editor in Chief, the Guardian PROFESSOR DR JAMES PAINTER 10 VIVIAN SCHILLER SIR DAVID WATSON Director, Fellowship Programme, RISJ former Global Chair of News, Principal, Green Templeton College Twitter PROFESSOR 9 10 ROBERT G. PICARD 11 MARK THOMPSON Director of Research, RISJ (to Dec ‘14) President and CEO of the JOHN PULLMAN New York Times Company Global Head, Video and Pictures, 12 BARONESS Thomson Reuters (PATIENCE) WHEATCROFT OF KATY SHAW BLACKHEATH Administrator, Dept of Politics and former Editor-in-Chief, International Relations (from Apr. ‘15) Wall Street Journal Europe MONIQUE VILLA 11 12 CEO, Thomson Reuters Foundation PROFESSOR SIR DAVID WATSON Principal, Green Templeton College

RISJ STAFF DAVID LEVY TIM SUTER KATE HANNEFORD-SMITH A small team of Director Academic Advisor to the Institute Administrator dedicated individuals Journalist Fellows leads the Institute’s ROBERT G. PICARD ALEX REID research projects Director of Research, RISJ (to Dec ‘14) MARTIN MOORE Publications and Fellowship Off icer Research Associate and manages its diverse RASMUS KLEIS NIELSEN MONIQUE RICKETTS range of activities. Director of Research (from Jan ‘15) CAROLINE LEES Events and Communications Off icer Research Off icer JAMES PAINTER LANA FISHER Director, Fellowship Programme RICHARD FLETCHER Finance Off icer Research Fellow LOUISE ALLCOCK Administrative Assistant

61 PARTNERS, BENEFACTORS

AND SUPPORTERS ABOUT US

THE RISJ RECEIVES CORE FUNDING FROM THE THOMSON REUTERS FOUNDATION, IN ADDITION TO WHICH WE ALSO RECEIVE GRANTS, SPONSORSHIP, AND DONATIONS AND GIFTS IN KIND TO SUPPORT OUR RESEARCH PROJECTS, EVENTS, PUBLICATIONS, AND THE JOURNALISM FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME. WE ARE MOST GRATEFUL FOR THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF ALL OUR BENEFACTORS IN 2014/15.

John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund

Tow Center for Digital Journalism, David Ure, Esq Columbia University

University of Oxford, University of Oxford, ESRC Impact Social Sciences Division Acceleration Account Knowledge Exchange IAA Kick start Award Tel. +44 1865 611080 reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk email: [email protected]

Twitter: @risj_oxford Cover image: A man holds a giant pencil as he takes part in a hundreds of thousands of French citizens Facebook: ReutersInstitute solidarity march (Marche Republicaine) in the streets of Paris January 11, 2015. French citizens will be joined by dozens of foreign leaders, among them Arab and Muslim representatives, in a march on Sunday LinkedIn: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism in an unprecedented tribute to this week’s victims following the shootings by gunmen at the off ices of the satirical weekly newspaper Charlie Hebdo, the killing of a police woman in Montrouge, and the hostage http://www.youtube.com ReutersInstitute taking at a kosher supermarket at the Porte de Vincennes. REUTERS/Stephane Mahe