DOCSLIB.ORG

Javan Hawk Eagle PHVA 1996.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Javan Hawk Eagle PHVA 1996.Pdf JAVAN HAWK-EAGLE (SPIZAETUS BARTELS!) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment 6-8 May 1996 Safari Garden Hotel, Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor, Java Barat, Indonesia Jansen Manansang, Philip Miller, James W. Grier and Ulysses Seal, Editors Sponsored By: CalEnergy Company, Inc. Peter Kiewit Sons', Inc. A Collaborative Workshop: Indonesian Department of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation (PHPA) Taman Safari Indonesia Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (IUCN/SSC/CBSG) A contribution of the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group in collaboration with the Indonesian Directorate of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation (PHPA) and Taman Safari Indonesia (TSIIPKBSI). The sponsors of the PHVA workshop were CalEnergy Company, Inc. and Peter Kiewit Sons', Inc. Cover Illustration: Photo of Javan Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) at Taman Safari Indonesia courtesy of Philip Miller. Javan Hawk-eagle artwork by F. Weick. Manansang, J., P. Miller, J.W. Grier, and U.S. Seal. 1997. Population and Habitat Viability Assessment for the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi). Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (SSC/lUCN): Apple Valley, MN. Additional copies of this publication can be ordered through the SSC/lUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124-8151, USA. Send checks for US$35.00 (to cover printing and shipping costs) payable to CBSG; checks must be drawn on a US Bank. Funds may be wired to First Bank NA ABA No. 091000022 for credit to CBSG Account Number 1100 1210 1736. Payment by Visa or MasterCard is also acceptable. The CBSG Institutional Conservation Council: these generous contributors make possible the work of the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group Conservators ($10,000 and above) North of England Zoological Society, Twycross Zoo Australasian Species Managemeni Prog. Zoological Society of London Wellington Zoo California Energy Co., Inc. Chester Zoo World Parrot Trust Chicago Zoological Society Oklahoma City Zoo Zoo de Ia Casa de Campo-Madrid Columbus Zoological Gardens Paignton Zoological & Botanical Gardens Welsh Mt. Zoo/Zoo!. Society of Wales Denver Zoological Gardens Parco Natura Viva Garda Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt Exxon Corporation Zoological Park Fossil Rim Wildlife Center Penscynor Wildlife Park Curators ($250-$499) International Union of Directors of Philadelphia Zoological Garden Emporia Zoo Zoological Gardens Phoenix Zoo Marie and Edward D. Plotka Metropolitan Toronto Zoo Pittsburgh Zoo Racine Zoological Society Minnesota Zoological Garden Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp Roger Williams Zoo Omaha's Hemy Doorly Zoo Royal Zoological Society of Scotland The Rainforest Habitat Saint Louis Zoo San Antonio Zoo Topeka Zoological Park Sea World, Inc. San Francisco Zoo Tropical Bird Garden Walt Disney World Company Schoenbrunner Tiergarten White Oak Conservation Center Sedgwick County Zoo Sponsors ($50-$249) Wildlife Conservation Society - NY Sunset Zoo (10 year commitment) African Safari Zoological Society of Cincinnati Taipei Zoo Alameda Park Zoo Zoological Society of San Diego The WILDS Shigeharu Asakura The Zoo, Gulf Breeze, FL Apenheul Zoo Guardians ($5,000-$9,999) Urban Services Dept. of Hong Kong Belize Zoo Cleveland Zoological Society Union of German Zoo Directors Brandywine Zoo Friends of Zoo Atlanta Washington Park Zoo Claws 'n Paws John G. Shedd Aquarium Wassenaar Wildlife Breeding Centre Darmstadt Zoo Loro Parque Wilhelma Zoological Garden Elaine M. Douglass Lubee Foundation Woodland Park Zoo Dreher Park Zoo Toledo Zoological Society Yong-In Farmland Endangered Wildlife Trust Zoological Parks Board of Zoological Parks Board of Victoria Exotarium New South Wales Zoological Park Organization Hancock House Publisher Zurich Zoological Garden Marvin Jones Protectors ($1,000-$4,999) Kew Royal Botanic Gardens Allwetter Zoo Munster Stewards ($500-$999) Lisbon Zoo Africam Safari Aalborg Zoo Miller Park Zoo Audubon Institute Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum National Aviary in Pittsburgh Bristol Zoo BanhamZoo National Birds of Prey Centre Burgers' Zoo Camperdown Wildlife Center Jean H. Nudell Caldwell Zoo Cotswold Wildlife Park Ocean World Taipei Incorporation Calgary Zoo Dickerson Park Zoo Steven J. Olson Cologne Zoo Dutch Federation of Zoological Gardens PAAZAB Copenhagen Zoo Erie Zoological Park Parco Faunistico "La Torbiera" Detroit Zoological Park Fota Wildlife Park Potter Park Zoo El Paso Zoo Givskud Zoo Teruku Shimizu Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Granby Zoological Society Tokyo Zoological Park Society Britain and Ireland Great Plains Zoo Touro Pare-France Fort Wayne Zoological Society Knoxville Zoo Fort Worth Zoo Lincoln Park Zoo Supporters ($25-$49) Gladys Porter Zoo Nat. Zoo!. Gardens of South Africa Bighorn Institute Greater Los Angeles Zoo Association Odense Zoo DGHT Arbeitsgruppe Anuren Houston Zoological Garden Orana Park Wildlife Trust Folsom Children's Zoo & Botanical Garden Indianapolis Zoological Society Paradise Park Jardin aux Oiseaux International A viculturists Society Prudence P. Perry Lee Richardson Zoo Jacksonville Zoological Park Perth Zoological Gardens Memphis Zoo Japanese Association of Zoological Parks Riverbanks Zoological Park Natur- u. Artenschutz in den Tropen & Aquariums Rolling Hills Ranch (5 year commitment) Oglebay's Good Children's Zoo Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust Rostock Zoo Speedwell Bird Sanctuary Living Desert Royal Zoological Society of Tautphaus Park Zoo Marwell Zoological Park Southern Australia Terrasirnia Preservation Trust Milwaukee County Zoo Rotterdam Zoo Zoocheck Canada Inc. NOAHS Center Thrigby Hall Wildlife Gardens Zoological Society of Trinidad & Tobago North Carolina Zoological Park Tierpark Rheine 15 April 1997 Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary and Recommendations Ringkasan Eksekutif 3 Executive Summary 9 2. Spizaetus bartelsi: An Introduction Official Workshop Invitation 17 Opening Statements 19 Media Notices 25 The CBSG process 29 3. Javan Hawk-Eagle Wild Population Management 35 4. Life History and PopulationModeling 55 5. Human Issues 87 6. Javan Hawk-Eagle Captive Population Management 97 7. Appendix I. Workshop Participants List 105 8. Appendix II. References and Workshop Presentations 111 Beberapa masukan untuk rencana pemulihan populasi Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi): 115 Haris W. Arifin and Ani Mardiastuti Kendala biologi dan ekologi dalam pelestarian Elang Jawa 121 Ani Mardiastuti Catatan untuk Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) di Gunung Salak Jawa Barat 129 ]arwadiB.Hernowo Koleksi Elang di kebun binatang 133 Ismu Sutanto Suwelo Conservation status of the Javan Hawk-Eagle 135 Paul]epson Usulan Kegiatan: Survey Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) di Taman Nasional Gunung 137 Halimun, Jawa Barat Rustam Effendi and Lusiana Nogo Ladjar 9. Appendix III. IUCN Policy Statements 143 10. Appendix IV. VORTEX Technical Reference 173 Javan Hawk-Eagle PHVA Report v vi Javan Hawk-Eagle PHVA Report POPULATION AND HABITAT VIABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE JAVAN HAWK-EAGLE (Spizaetus bartelsi) Taman Safari Indonesia 6-8 May 1996 Section 1 Executive Summary And Recommendations RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) adalah satwa yang telah kritis terancam bahaya kepunahan dan merupakan satwa endemik di J awa. Baru-baru ini jenis satwa ini ditetapkan oleh Presiden sebagai satwa nasional sehingga jenis satwa ini telah menarik perhatian dan kesadaran masyarakat. Apalagi jenis Elang J awa ini adalah yang paling mirip dengan simbol negara Indonesia yaitu Garuda Pancasila. Pada awalnya populasi Elang J awa terse bar di seluruh hutan tropika basah di Jawa tetapi saat ini populasinya telahjatuh ke tingkat yang mengkhawatirkan antara 80 - 108 pas an g. Hal ini diduga kuat merupakan akibat dari luasnya konversi hutan di J awa, perburuan liar, dan bencana alam. Populasinya saat ini terpecah-pecah ke dalam beberapa sub-populasi di J awa Barat, J awa Tengah dan J awa Timur dan kemungkinan untuk saling berhubungan atau berpindah dari satu populasi ke populasi lainnya sang at kecil. U saha untuk melakukan konservasi Elang jawa mengalami kendala-kendala diantaranya sedikitnya informasi tentang penyebarannya saat ini, tidak adanya prioritas kebijaksanaan dan kurangnya biaya. Untuk itu Direktur Jenderal PHPA Ir. Soemarsono dan Ir. Dwiatmo Siswomartono M.Sc pada saat diselenggarakannya workshop Conservation Assessment and Management Program (CAMP) bulan April 1995 di Spanyol menyarankan perlunya ada suatu PHVA Elang jawa. Peserta workshop CAMP yang terdiri dari para peneliti, pengelola dan wakil dari 12 organisasi konservasi burung pemangsa telah setuju untuk pertama kalinya bekerja sama dalam proyek penilaian status ancaman terhadap burung-burung pemangsa secara global. CBSG secara resmi diundang oleh Ir. Soemarsono, Direktur Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam, departemen kehutanan dan Ir. Dwiatmo siswomartono , Direktur Bina Kawasan Suaka Alam dan Konservasi Flora Fauna untuk membantu pelaksanaan PHVA Elang Jawa di Indonesia pada bulan Mei 1996. Drs. Jansen Manansang dan Tonny Sumampau menawarkan untuk menjadi tuan rumah dalam workshop tersebut di Taman Safari Indonesia (TSI) yang merupakan pusat reproduksi satwa langka Indonesia. Tujuan dari workshop ini adalah untuk membantu pelaksana di daerah dan pembuat kebijaksanaan untuk: 1) memformulasikan prioritas untuk program manajemen praktis untuk pelestarian dan pemulihan Elang Jawa di habitat alamnya, 2) mengembingkan analisis resiko dan
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Meinmahla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar
    Meinmahla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar EAAF NETWORK SITE CODE FOR OFFICE USE ONLY: E A A F 1 4 0 Site Information Sheet on East Asian-Australasian Flyway Network Sites (SIS) – 2017 version Available for download from http://www.eaaflyway.net/about/the-flyway/flyway-site-network/ 1 of 22 Information Sheet on EAA Flyway Network Sites | Meinmahla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary [EAAF140] Categories approved by Second Meeting of the Partners of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership in Beijing, China 13-14 November 2007 - Report (Minutes) Agenda Item 3.13 Notes for compilers: 1. The management body intending to nominate a site for inclusion in the East Asian - Australasian Flyway Site Network is requested to complete a Site Information Sheet. The Site Information Sheet will provide the basic information of the site and detail how the site meets the criteria for inclusion in the Flyway Site Network. When there is a new nomination or an SIS update, the following sections with an asterisk (*), from Questions 1-14 and Question 30, must be filled or updated at least so that it can justify the international importance of the habitat for migratory waterbirds. 2. The Site Information Sheet is based on the Ramsar Information Sheet. If the site proposed for the Flyway Site Network is an existing Ramsar site then the documentation process can be simplified. 3. Once completed, the Site Information Sheet (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the Information Sheet and, where possible, digital versions (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • PENGELOLAAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN BERANG-BERANG CAKAR KECIL (Aonyx Ciereus Illinger, 1815) SEBAGAI SATWA PERAGA DI LEMBAGA KONSERVASI EKSITU
    Pengelolaan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Berang-berang PENGELOLAAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN BERANG-BERANG CAKAR KECIL (Aonyx ciereus Illinger, 1815) SEBAGAI SATWA PERAGA DI LEMBAGA KONSERVASI EKSITU (Management and Level of Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus Illinger, 1815) as Display Animal in Indonesia Conservation Institution) ULFA HANSRI AR RASYID1), BURHANUDDIN MASYUD2), ARZYANA SUNKAR3) 1) Mahasiswa Program Studi Konservasi Biodiversitas Tropika, IPB 2,3) Dosen Departemen Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan dan Ekowisata, IPB Email: [email protected] Diterima 15 Mei 2017 / Disetujui 31 Juli 2017 ABSTRACT Education and breeding become main reasons for asian small-clawed otter placement as display animal in zoo. Proper management is needed to maintain asian small-clawed otter welfare. This research objectives were to examine and assess asian small-clawed otter welfare in three Indonesia zoos. The study was conducted from December 2016 to February 2017 in Bandung Zoo, Ragunan Zoo and Ocean Dream Samudra Ancol. The methods of this research were literature review, interview and field observation. Data were analyzed using the suitability of management and animal welfare assessment. The result showed that there were three main management activities conducted at the three study locations, i.e., nutrition, housing, and health management. Bandung Zoo achieved the lowest score of asian small-clawed otter welfare (45,24%) compared to Ragunan Zoo (62,24%) and Ocean Dream Samudra (65,90%). Asian small-clawed otter welfare in three institutions were relatively low to fair category, this was due to the unfilled quality of food and water i.e., the type, amount, feeding frequency, diet and preparing of food; the unavailability of suitable and favorable environmental conditions; the care facilities provided could not ensure the health of animal; the appearance of abnormal behavior that affected the growth and breeding of animal; and animal had no freedom to behave as in their natural habitat.
    [Show full text]
  • View Full Text-PDF
    Int.J.Curr.Res.Aca.Rev.2017; 5(5): 15-18 International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review ISSN: 2347-3215 (Online) ҉҉ Volume 5 ҉҉ Number 5 (May-2017) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcrar.com doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2017.505.003 Some Preliminary Observations on Abundance of Black Kite (Milvus migrans) and Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus) in Kerala, South India Binu Chullakattil1* and K. Seedikkoya2 1Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India 2M.E.S.Mampad College, Malappuram, Pin-676 542, Kerala, India *Corresponding author Abstract Article Info The Black Kites [Milvus migrans] and Brahminy kites (Haliastur indus) are found in a Accepted: 05 May 2017 variety of habitats, from wooded streams to open plains and are commonly seen in and Available Online: 20 May 2017 around remote towns. The Present study shows that there is a considerable decline in the abundance of Black kites during heavy monsoon [June- September]. Thereafter the Keywords number gradually increases from October to May to reach its peak during March and April. The study indicates that there is a local migration among Black kites during Milvus migrans, Habitats, Haliastur South-West monsoon. Such a trend is not shown by Brahminykites. The probable indus, Southwest monsoon, Streams, reasons are also discussed. Migration. Introduction Walz (2000), Walz and Sammulung (2005). In this context this study is significant. The Black Kites are found in a variety of habitats, from wooded streams to open plains, and is often observed in Materials and Methods and around remote towns. It is a medium-sized raptor.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution and Nesting Density of the Philippine Eagle Pithecophaga
    Ibis (2003), 145, 130–135 BlackwellDistribution Science, Ltd and nesting density of the Philippine Eagle Pithecophaga jefferyi on Mindanao Island, Philippines: what do we know after 100 years? GLEN LOVELL L. BUESER,1 KHARINA G. BUESER,1 DONALD S. AFAN,1 DENNIS I. SALVADOR,1 JAMES W. GRIER,1,2* ROBERT S. KENNEDY3 & HECTOR C. MIRANDA, JR1,4 1Philippine Eagle Foundation, VAL Learning Village, Ruby Street, Marfori Heights Subd., Davao City 8000 Philippines 2Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA 3Maria Mitchell Association, 4 Vestal Street, Nantucket, MA 02554, USA 4University of the Philippines Mindanao, Bago Oshiro, Davao City 8000 Philippines The Philippine Eagle Pithecophaga jefferyi, first discovered in 1896, is one of the world’s most endangered eagles. It has been reported primarily from only four main islands of the Philippine archipelago. We have studied it extensively for the past three decades. Using data from 1991 to 1998 as best representing the current status of the species on the island of Mindanao, we estimated the mean nearest-neighbour distances between breeding pairs, with remarkably little variation, to be 12.74 km (n = 13 nests plus six pairs without located nests, se = ±0.86 km, range = 8.3–17.5 km). Forest cover within circular plots based on nearest-neighbour pairs, in conjunction with estimates of remaining suitable forest habitat (approximately 14 000 km2), yield estimates of the maximum number of breeding pairs on Mindanao ranging from 82 to 233, depending on how the forest cover is factored into the estimates. The Philippine Eagle Pithecophaga jefferyi is a large insufficient or unreliable data, and inadequately forest raptor considered to be one of the three reported methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
    Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Monitoring and Evaluation (Biome) System for Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary Stakeholders
    TRAINING ON BIODIVERSITY MONITORING AND EVALUATION (BIOME) SYSTEM FOR MT. HAMIGUITAN RANGE WILDLIFE SANCTUARY STAKEHOLDERS Researched, Consolidated and Conducted by the CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY (CMU) BUKIDNON RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FOUNDATION, INC. (BRMFI) PHILIPPINE EAGLE FOUNDATION (PEF) DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES PAWB-REGION 11 Through the Support of the CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM PARTNERSHIP FUND (CEPF) January 11 – 14, 2006 1 TRAINING GUIDE MODULES A. Module 1 – Rationale for the Training B. Module 2 – Why Do We Monitor Biodiversity? C. Module 3 – Roles, Responsibilities and Functions of NGO/PO Partners, Other Groups and Organizations in Biodiversity Monitoring and Evaluation D. Module 4 – Field Diary Method E. Module 5 – Photo Documentation F. Module 6 – Transect Walk Method G. Module 7 – Focus Group Discussion H. Module 8 – Actual Site Identification and Establishment of Biodiversity Monitoring and Evaluation Tools L. Module 9 – Organization, Analysis, Interpretation of Results and Storing Data M. Module 10 – Presentation of Data N. Module 11 – Formulation of Biodiversity Monitoring and Evaluation (BIOME) Action Plan (One Year) 2 MODULE 1 RATIONALE FOR THE TRAINING Duration: 1 Hour Objective: At the end of the session, the participants will be able to: 1. Be familiar with the background and mandate of partners organizations and CEPF. 2. Have a brief overview of the site (biophysical and socio-cultural importance). 3. Understand the context and objectives of BIOME training objectives. Expected Output: 1. Participants improved knowledge and understanding about: a. Program partners’ mandate/programs/services b. Mt. Hamiguitan Wildlife Sanctuary c. BIOME tools and installation framework. 2. Participants,and implementing partners leveled off on the BIOME training objectives, as follows: General Objectives: a.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Primate Newsletter
    LABORATORY PRIMATE NEWSLETTER Vol. 44, No. 3 July 2005 JUDITH E. SCHRIER, EDITOR JAMES S. HARPER, GORDON J. HANKINSON AND LARRY HULSEBOS, ASSOCIATE EDITORS MORRIS L. POVAR, CONSULTING EDITOR ELVA MATHIESEN, ASSISTANT EDITOR ALLAN M. SCHRIER, FOUNDING EDITOR, 1962-1987 Published Quarterly by the Schrier Research Laboratory Psychology Department, Brown University Providence, Rhode Island ISSN 0023-6861 POLICY STATEMENT The Laboratory Primate Newsletter provides a central source of information about nonhuman primates and re- lated matters to scientists who use these animals in their research and those whose work supports such research. The Newsletter (1) provides information on care and breeding of nonhuman primates for laboratory research, (2) dis- seminates general information and news about the world of primate research (such as announcements of meetings, research projects, sources of information, nomenclature changes), (3) helps meet the special research needs of indi- vidual investigators by publishing requests for research material or for information related to specific research prob- lems, and (4) serves the cause of conservation of nonhuman primates by publishing information on that topic. As a rule, research articles or summaries accepted for the Newsletter have some practical implications or provide general information likely to be of interest to investigators in a variety of areas of primate research. However, special con- sideration will be given to articles containing data on primates not conveniently publishable elsewhere. General descriptions of current research projects on primates will also be welcome. The Newsletter appears quarterly and is intended primarily for persons doing research with nonhuman primates. Back issues may be purchased for $5.00 each.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites
    Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites (Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Upper Marikina-Kaliwa Forest Reserve, Bago River Watershed and Forest Reserve, Naujan Lake National Park and Subwatersheds, Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park and Mt. Apo Natural Park) Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) 23 March 2015 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. The Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience Program is funded by the USAID, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 and implemented by Chemonics International in association with: Fauna and Flora International (FFI) Haribon Foundation World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program Implemented with: Department of Environment and Natural Resources Other National Government Agencies Local Government Units and Agencies Supported by: United States Agency for International Development Contract No.: AID-492-C-13-00002 Managed by: Chemonics International Inc. in partnership with Fauna and Flora International (FFI) Haribon Foundation World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) 23 March
    [Show full text]
  • An Early Pleistocene Eagle from Nebraska
    248 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS kunthii blossoms by Bombus queens occurred and depend on many factors. That hummingbirds and the workers were unable to secure nectar while positioned ancestor of P. kunthii co-existed may be assumed; within the floral tube, probably as much as lo-20 otherwise its adaptation to hummingbird pollination per cent more nectar was available to Bombus p&her would make little sense. Thus it is possible that P. and Bombus trinominatus populations during this kunthii could have undergone much of its development period due to the feeding activity of Diglossa. under selective pressure from hummingbirds; still, it is clear that Diglossa baritula has co-existed with DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS hummingbirds throughout New World montane hab- Grant and Grant (1968) have proposed an explanation itats for some time and therefore an earlier and more for the reciprocal evolution of hummingbirds and the important role in the evolution of P. kunthii would plants upon which they feed. According to this inter- not be unexpected. This is not to suggest that exploita- pretation most hummingbird-pollinated flowers, espe- tion late in the evolutionary development of P. kunthii cially temperate species, have evolved from bee flowers would be insignificant. Even at present, given the (Grant 1961; Grant and Grant 1965). The process potential counter-selection pressures on P. kunthii involves an incipient stage during which a primitive from bees, the presence of Dglossa perforations un- hummingbird or progenitor already “preadapted” to doubtedly precludes a certain amount of bee pollina- feed on a particular bee flower (in the sense of tion which would probably otherwise occur, helping securing insects within the corolla, or nectar, or both), to maintain the selection pressures on P.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2. Animals
    AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations.
    [Show full text]
  • Claver, Misamis Oriental
    Claver, Misamis Oriental Going Back to their Roots The Higaonons’ Heritage of Biodiversity and Forest Conservation Oral historical narratives of Thousands of other trees in Misamis Oriental’s Higaonons Northeastern Mindanao’s dipterocarp (literally, mountain dwellers) forests, especially in Claveria – the largest mention an extraordinarily huge among the twenty-four towns of Misamis Oriental, with a total land area of 825 sq and robust tree that grew at the km (82,500 ha) – have since shared the fate center of what was to be the first of the fabled aposkahoy. officially-declared barangay when the municipality of Claveria was Yet the culprit to the area’s established in 1950. The tree was considerable deforestation in the past four so big that a budyong (helmet shell decades was not a fatal curse but the used as a horn) sounded behind it practice of migrant settlements. could not be heard on the other side Newcomers in search of the proverbial “greener pasture” initially cleared a small of its trunk (Lacson n.d.). portion of land for crop production, and Aposkahoy, one of Claveria’s cut trees for house construction and twenty-four barangays, was named firewood for home consumption. But after this tree, which was more migrants meant more trees felled, unfortunately felled as it was bigger clearings of fertile land for high- believed to have carried a fatal value crops, and consequently, less forest curse. cover. BANTAY Kalasan members, deputized by DENR to apprehend timber poachers, end up playing a crucial role in conflict resolution, thanks to the various training-workshops they attended.
    [Show full text]
  • Avian Models for 3D Applications Characters and Texture Mapping by Ken Gilliland
    Avian Models for 3D Applications Characters and Texture Mapping by Ken Gilliland 1 Songbird ReMix BIRDS of PREY Volume IV: Eagles of the World Contents Manual Introduction 3 Overview 3 Poser and DAZ Studio Use 3 Physical-based Renderers 4 Where to find your birds 4 Morphs and their Use 5 Field Guide List of Species 10 Sea or Fish Eagles Bald Eagle 11 African Fish-eagle 14 Pallas's Fish-eagle 16 Booted Eagles Golden Eagle 18 Greater Spotted Eagle 21 Martial Eagle 24 Steppe Eagle 27 Wedge-tailed Eagle 29 Snake Eagles Philippine Eagle 32 Short-toed Snake-eagle 35 Crested Serpent-eagle 37 Harpy or Giant Forest Eagles Harpy Eagle 40 Mountain Hawk-eagle 43 Ornate Hawk-eagle 46 African Crowned Hawk-eagle 48 Resources, Credits and Thanks 52 To my Mor and Morfar.... Opinions expressed on this booklet are solely that of the author, Ken Gilliland, and may or may not reflect the opinions of the publisher. Copyrighted 2015-18 by Ken Gilliland (SongbirdReMix.com) 2 Songbird ReMix BIRDS of PREY Volume IV: Eagles of the World Introduction Eagles are large and powerfully built birds of prey. They have elongated heads, heavy beaks and long, broad wings. There are sixty species of eagles; most of which are found in Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just fourteen species can be found – two in the United States and Canada, nine in Central and South America, and three in Australia. Eagles are informally divided into four groups; Fish Eagles, Booted Eagles, Snake Eagles, and Harpy Eagles. Sea eagles or fish eagles take fish as a large part of their diets, either fresh or as carrion.
    [Show full text]