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JAVAN HAWK-EAGLE (SPIZAETUS BARTELS!) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment 6-8 May 1996 Safari Garden Hotel, Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor, Java Barat, Indonesia Jansen Manansang, Philip Miller, James W. Grier and Ulysses Seal, Editors Sponsored By: CalEnergy Company, Inc. Peter Kiewit Sons', Inc. A Collaborative Workshop: Indonesian Department of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation (PHPA) Taman Safari Indonesia Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (IUCN/SSC/CBSG) A contribution of the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group in collaboration with the Indonesian Directorate of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation (PHPA) and Taman Safari Indonesia (TSIIPKBSI). The sponsors of the PHVA workshop were CalEnergy Company, Inc. and Peter Kiewit Sons', Inc. Cover Illustration: Photo of Javan Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) at Taman Safari Indonesia courtesy of Philip Miller. Javan Hawk-eagle artwork by F. Weick. Manansang, J., P. Miller, J.W. Grier, and U.S. Seal. 1997. Population and Habitat Viability Assessment for the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi). Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (SSC/lUCN): Apple Valley, MN. Additional copies of this publication can be ordered through the SSC/lUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124-8151, USA. Send checks for US$35.00 (to cover printing and shipping costs) payable to CBSG; checks must be drawn on a US Bank. Funds may be wired to First Bank NA ABA No. 091000022 for credit to CBSG Account Number 1100 1210 1736. Payment by Visa or MasterCard is also acceptable. The CBSG Institutional Conservation Council: these generous contributors make possible the work of the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group Conservators ($10,000 and above) North of England Zoological Society, Twycross Zoo Australasian Species Managemeni Prog. Zoological Society of London Wellington Zoo California Energy Co., Inc. Chester Zoo World Parrot Trust Chicago Zoological Society Oklahoma City Zoo Zoo de Ia Casa de Campo-Madrid Columbus Zoological Gardens Paignton Zoological & Botanical Gardens Welsh Mt. Zoo/Zoo!. Society of Wales Denver Zoological Gardens Parco Natura Viva Garda Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt Exxon Corporation Zoological Park Fossil Rim Wildlife Center Penscynor Wildlife Park Curators ($250-$499) International Union of Directors of Philadelphia Zoological Garden Emporia Zoo Zoological Gardens Phoenix Zoo Marie and Edward D. Plotka Metropolitan Toronto Zoo Pittsburgh Zoo Racine Zoological Society Minnesota Zoological Garden Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp Roger Williams Zoo Omaha's Hemy Doorly Zoo Royal Zoological Society of Scotland The Rainforest Habitat Saint Louis Zoo San Antonio Zoo Topeka Zoological Park Sea World, Inc. San Francisco Zoo Tropical Bird Garden Walt Disney World Company Schoenbrunner Tiergarten White Oak Conservation Center Sedgwick County Zoo Sponsors ($50-$249) Wildlife Conservation Society - NY Sunset Zoo (10 year commitment) African Safari Zoological Society of Cincinnati Taipei Zoo Alameda Park Zoo Zoological Society of San Diego The WILDS Shigeharu Asakura The Zoo, Gulf Breeze, FL Apenheul Zoo Guardians ($5,000-$9,999) Urban Services Dept. of Hong Kong Belize Zoo Cleveland Zoological Society Union of German Zoo Directors Brandywine Zoo Friends of Zoo Atlanta Washington Park Zoo Claws 'n Paws John G. Shedd Aquarium Wassenaar Wildlife Breeding Centre Darmstadt Zoo Loro Parque Wilhelma Zoological Garden Elaine M. Douglass Lubee Foundation Woodland Park Zoo Dreher Park Zoo Toledo Zoological Society Yong-In Farmland Endangered Wildlife Trust Zoological Parks Board of Zoological Parks Board of Victoria Exotarium New South Wales Zoological Park Organization Hancock House Publisher Zurich Zoological Garden Marvin Jones Protectors ($1,000-$4,999) Kew Royal Botanic Gardens Allwetter Zoo Munster Stewards ($500-$999) Lisbon Zoo Africam Safari Aalborg Zoo Miller Park Zoo Audubon Institute Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum National Aviary in Pittsburgh Bristol Zoo BanhamZoo National Birds of Prey Centre Burgers' Zoo Camperdown Wildlife Center Jean H. Nudell Caldwell Zoo Cotswold Wildlife Park Ocean World Taipei Incorporation Calgary Zoo Dickerson Park Zoo Steven J. Olson Cologne Zoo Dutch Federation of Zoological Gardens PAAZAB Copenhagen Zoo Erie Zoological Park Parco Faunistico "La Torbiera" Detroit Zoological Park Fota Wildlife Park Potter Park Zoo El Paso Zoo Givskud Zoo Teruku Shimizu Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Granby Zoological Society Tokyo Zoological Park Society Britain and Ireland Great Plains Zoo Touro Pare-France Fort Wayne Zoological Society Knoxville Zoo Fort Worth Zoo Lincoln Park Zoo Supporters ($25-$49) Gladys Porter Zoo Nat. Zoo!. Gardens of South Africa Bighorn Institute Greater Los Angeles Zoo Association Odense Zoo DGHT Arbeitsgruppe Anuren Houston Zoological Garden Orana Park Wildlife Trust Folsom Children's Zoo & Botanical Garden Indianapolis Zoological Society Paradise Park Jardin aux Oiseaux International A viculturists Society Prudence P. Perry Lee Richardson Zoo Jacksonville Zoological Park Perth Zoological Gardens Memphis Zoo Japanese Association of Zoological Parks Riverbanks Zoological Park Natur- u. Artenschutz in den Tropen & Aquariums Rolling Hills Ranch (5 year commitment) Oglebay's Good Children's Zoo Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust Rostock Zoo Speedwell Bird Sanctuary Living Desert Royal Zoological Society of Tautphaus Park Zoo Marwell Zoological Park Southern Australia Terrasirnia Preservation Trust Milwaukee County Zoo Rotterdam Zoo Zoocheck Canada Inc. NOAHS Center Thrigby Hall Wildlife Gardens Zoological Society of Trinidad & Tobago North Carolina Zoological Park Tierpark Rheine 15 April 1997 Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary and Recommendations Ringkasan Eksekutif 3 Executive Summary 9 2. Spizaetus bartelsi: An Introduction Official Workshop Invitation 17 Opening Statements 19 Media Notices 25 The CBSG process 29 3. Javan Hawk-Eagle Wild Population Management 35 4. Life History and PopulationModeling 55 5. Human Issues 87 6. Javan Hawk-Eagle Captive Population Management 97 7. Appendix I. Workshop Participants List 105 8. Appendix II. References and Workshop Presentations 111 Beberapa masukan untuk rencana pemulihan populasi Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi): 115 Haris W. Arifin and Ani Mardiastuti Kendala biologi dan ekologi dalam pelestarian Elang Jawa 121 Ani Mardiastuti Catatan untuk Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) di Gunung Salak Jawa Barat 129 ]arwadiB.Hernowo Koleksi Elang di kebun binatang 133 Ismu Sutanto Suwelo Conservation status of the Javan Hawk-Eagle 135 Paul]epson Usulan Kegiatan: Survey Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) di Taman Nasional Gunung 137 Halimun, Jawa Barat Rustam Effendi and Lusiana Nogo Ladjar 9. Appendix III. IUCN Policy Statements 143 10. Appendix IV. VORTEX Technical Reference 173 Javan Hawk-Eagle PHVA Report v vi Javan Hawk-Eagle PHVA Report POPULATION AND HABITAT VIABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE JAVAN HAWK-EAGLE (Spizaetus bartelsi) Taman Safari Indonesia 6-8 May 1996 Section 1 Executive Summary And Recommendations RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi) adalah satwa yang telah kritis terancam bahaya kepunahan dan merupakan satwa endemik di J awa. Baru-baru ini jenis satwa ini ditetapkan oleh Presiden sebagai satwa nasional sehingga jenis satwa ini telah menarik perhatian dan kesadaran masyarakat. Apalagi jenis Elang J awa ini adalah yang paling mirip dengan simbol negara Indonesia yaitu Garuda Pancasila. Pada awalnya populasi Elang J awa terse bar di seluruh hutan tropika basah di Jawa tetapi saat ini populasinya telahjatuh ke tingkat yang mengkhawatirkan antara 80 - 108 pas an g. Hal ini diduga kuat merupakan akibat dari luasnya konversi hutan di J awa, perburuan liar, dan bencana alam. Populasinya saat ini terpecah-pecah ke dalam beberapa sub-populasi di J awa Barat, J awa Tengah dan J awa Timur dan kemungkinan untuk saling berhubungan atau berpindah dari satu populasi ke populasi lainnya sang at kecil. U saha untuk melakukan konservasi Elang jawa mengalami kendala-kendala diantaranya sedikitnya informasi tentang penyebarannya saat ini, tidak adanya prioritas kebijaksanaan dan kurangnya biaya. Untuk itu Direktur Jenderal PHPA Ir. Soemarsono dan Ir. Dwiatmo Siswomartono M.Sc pada saat diselenggarakannya workshop Conservation Assessment and Management Program (CAMP) bulan April 1995 di Spanyol menyarankan perlunya ada suatu PHVA Elang jawa. Peserta workshop CAMP yang terdiri dari para peneliti, pengelola dan wakil dari 12 organisasi konservasi burung pemangsa telah setuju untuk pertama kalinya bekerja sama dalam proyek penilaian status ancaman terhadap burung-burung pemangsa secara global. CBSG secara resmi diundang oleh Ir. Soemarsono, Direktur Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam, departemen kehutanan dan Ir. Dwiatmo siswomartono , Direktur Bina Kawasan Suaka Alam dan Konservasi Flora Fauna untuk membantu pelaksanaan PHVA Elang Jawa di Indonesia pada bulan Mei 1996. Drs. Jansen Manansang dan Tonny Sumampau menawarkan untuk menjadi tuan rumah dalam workshop tersebut di Taman Safari Indonesia (TSI) yang merupakan pusat reproduksi satwa langka Indonesia. Tujuan dari workshop ini adalah untuk membantu pelaksana di daerah dan pembuat kebijaksanaan untuk: 1) memformulasikan prioritas untuk program manajemen praktis untuk pelestarian dan pemulihan Elang Jawa di habitat alamnya, 2) mengembingkan analisis resiko dan
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