DOCSLIB.ORG

PRIOR to MEANING / Sheet 1 of 363 Prior to Meaning Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Avant-Garde & Modernism Studies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PRIOR to MEANING / Sheet 1 of 363 Prior to Meaning Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Avant-Garde & Modernism Studies Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 1 of 363 Prior to Meaning avant-garde & modernism studies General Editors Marjorie Perloff Rainer Rumold Consulting Editors Peter Fenves 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 2 of 363 Stephen Foster Chritine Froula Françoise Lionnet Robert von Hallberg Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 3 of 363 Prior to Meaning The Protosemantic and Poetics c Northwestern University Press Evanston, Illinois Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Northwestern University Press Evanston, Illinois - Copyright © by Northwestern University Press. Published . All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America --- (cloth) 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 4 of 363 --- (paper) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McCaffery, Steve Prior to meaning : the protosemantic and poetics / Steve McCaffery. p. cm.—(Avant-garde and modernism studies) Includes bibliographical references and index. --- (alk. paper)— --- (pbk. : alk. paper) . Canadian poetry—th century—History and criticism— Theory, etc. American poetry—th century—History and criticism—Theory, etc. Experimental poetry—History and criticism. English language—Semantics. Semantics. Poetics. I. Title. II. Series. '.—dc The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, .-. Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Schlage Geld aus jedem Fehler. Wittgenstein 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 5 of 363 Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 6 of 363 Contents List of Illustrations, ix Acknowledgments, xi Introduction, xv Insufficiency of Theory to Poetical Economy, Zarathustran ’Pataphysics, Blaser’s Deleuzean Folds, 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 7 of 363 Charles Olson’s Art of Language: The Mayan Substratum of Projective Verse, Richard Bentley: The First Poststructuralist? The Recension of Paradise Lost, Johnson and Wittgenstein: Some Correlations and Bifurcations in the Dictionary and the Philosophical Investigations, Between Verbi Voco and Visual, Some Precursors of Grammatology: Scriptio Continua, Mercurius van Helmont, Joshua Steele, Peter Walkden Fogg, and That Precarious Binary of Speech/Writing, Sade: Writing and Modernity, Temporality and the New Sentence: Phrase Propulsion in the Writing of Karen Mac Cormack, Voice in Extremis, Jackson Mac Low: Samsara in Lagado, The Scandal of Sincerity: Toward a Levinasian Poetics, Notes, WorksCited, Index, Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 8 of 363 Illustrations . Ezra Pound, page from ‘‘Canto ,’’ showing western system of numerical superscripts, . Mercurius van Helmont, Alphabete vere naturalis hebraici brevissima delineato, pronunciation plates of Hebrew characters, . Joshua Steele, Prosodia Rationalis, prosodic notation of part of Hamlet’s soliloquy, . Joshua Steele, Prosodia Rationalis, notation of silence in final bar, 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 9 of 363 . Alexander Melville Bell, Visible Speech, table of non-Romanic characters with corresponding spoken sounds, . Peter Walkden Fogg, Elementa Anglicana: or, The Principles of English Grammar, wordless music and its verbal source, . Tom Phillips, A Humument, monochrome reproduction of original polychrome, Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 10 of 363 Acknowledgments First and foremost, my sincere gratitude goes to Erica Federman for con- vincing me this project could be undertaken and to the State University of New York at Buffalo for bestowing on me the John Logan Fellowship, under which auspices much of this work was written and finalized. ToCharles Bernstein, Robert Creeley, Ray Federman, and Susan Howe, sincere thanks for their general input on the project and for making my tenure as John Logan Fellow as cordial and sybaritic as it was demand- ing. And thank you Scott Pound for the many affable and stimulating con- versations in transit between Toronto and Buffalo. Further thanks go to 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 11 of 363 Robert Bertholf and Mike Basinski for their generosity in showing me some special items in a very special Special Collections and giving me an office and library away from home; to Johanna Drucker, Deirdre Lynch, Jerome McGann, Brian McHale, Marjorie Perloff, and Jill Robbins for keen com- ments on specific chapters. My gratitude also goes to Susan Harris, Susan Betz, and the rest of the editorial staff at Northwestern for their diligence and skill in generally improving the prose style and format. Chapter would not have materialized in its present form without my several years of valued collaboration with Jed Rasula in ‘‘accidental research’’ that culminated in our anthology Imagining Language. Final thanks are sent beyond words to Cuisle Mo Chroí, whose patience, emotional support, challenge, reality checks, proofing, and editorial and stylistic suggestions have made this a far better book than it would have been otherwise. An early draft of chapter was presented at ‘‘The Ends of Theory’’ con- ference at Wayne State University in . A revised version appeared in The Ends of Theory, ed. J. Herron, D. Huson, R. Pudaloff, and R. Strozier (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, ). A version of chapter was presented on the panel ‘‘Virtual Philoso- phy: Nietzsche and Postmodern Poiesis’’ at the eighteenth conference of the International Association for Philosophy and Literature at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, in . It was subsequently presented in a revised form on the panel ‘‘What Is a Minor Science? Applied ’Pataphysics and the Stakes of Discourse’’ at the American Comparative Literature Association convention at the University of Georgia, Athens, in . A revised version appeared in Open Letter , no. (winter ), pp. –. A draft of chapter was presented at ‘‘The Recovery of the Public World: A Conference in Honour of the Poetry and Poetics of Robin Blaser’’ at xi Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Simon Fraser University in . It was subsequently published in a revised form in the Gilles Deleuze special issue of Discourse , no. (ed. Réda Bensmaïa and Jalal Toufic) (), pp. –, and later in The Recovery of the Public World: Essays on Poetics in Honour of Robin Blaser, ed. Charles Watts and Edward Byrne (Vancouver: Talonbooks, ), pp. –. Earlier versions of chapter appeared in Ellipsis , no. (spring ), pp. –, and in expanded form in the Fragmente , pp.–,‘‘After Modernism’’ issue (Oxford, ). Chapter was presented in an early draft at Assembling Alternatives: An International Poetry Conference, University of New Hampshire, . Chapter was presented in an earlier form on the ‘‘New Poetries in Canada’’ panel at the th Modern Language Association convention in 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 12 of 363 Toronto, . An earlier version of chapter appeared in Close Listening: Poetry and the Performed Word, ed. Charles Bernstein (Oxford: Oxford University Press, ), pp. –. Incorporated sections formed part of a different essay, ‘‘From Phonic to Sonic: The Emergence of the Audio-Poem’’ published in Sound Effects: Acoustical Technologies in Modern and Postmodern Writing, ed. Adalaide Morris (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, ), pp. –. Chapter first appeared in my North of Intention: Critical Writings – (New York: Roof Books, ) and in a revised, expanded form in North Dakota Quarterly ,no.(),pp.–. A version of Chapter appeared in PreTexts , no. , University of Cape Town, , pp. –. My thanks and grateful acknowledgments extend to all of the above magazines, journals, and books that initially published the pieces. I also wish to extend sincere thanks to the following people for permission to use their material: Carla Harryman for permission to quote from Under the Bridge; copyright © by Carla Harryman. Karen Mac Cormack for permission to quote from Quirks & Quillets; copyright © by Karen Mac Cormack. Jackson Mac Low for permission to quote from Stanzas for Iris Lezak; copyright © by Jackson Mac Low. Tom Phillips for permission to reproduce material from A Humument; copyright © , , by Tom Phillips, London. xii Acknowledgments Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Page of Canto by Ezra Pound, from The Cantos of Ezra Pound, copyright © by Ezra Pound. Reprinted by permission of New Directions Publishing Corp. 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 13 of 363 Acknowledgments xiii Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 Tseng 2001.8.8 16:02 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 14 of 363 6379 McCaffery / PRIOR TO MEANING / sheet 15 of 363 Introduction PriortoMeaningstudies the ways in which language behaves rather than how it’s designed to function. It traces a limited autonomy of the writ- ten mark at a level both beneath and around the semantic. Collectively the twelve essays index a general shift in my thinking away from a Saus- surean model of language (langue/parole, signifier/signified) to a different set of provocations found in Prigogine and Stengers, Deuleuze and Guat- tari, Alfred Jarry, Sade, Leibniz, Lucretius, and in the ‘‘other’’ Saussure, the Saussure of the paragrammic notebooks—provocations that led me to con- sider writing as a material scene of forces. Gathering together a decade of work, the collection is deliberately nonsystematic. Discrete studies in them- selves, the chapters link together by tracing several interlacements along a broad conceptual plane I’ve termed the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza­ Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    Social organization and the technology of communication: A case study of the association between character transformation and bureaucratic expansion in ancient China Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Aoyagi, Hiroshi, 1963- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 02/10/2021 21:47:29 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291505 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in ^ewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reprodactlon is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if imauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • The Greatest Invention Since the Wheel
    Syracuse University SURFACE The Courier Libraries Spring 1974 The Greatest Invention Since the Wheel Richard G. Underwood Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/libassoc Part of the Intellectual History Commons, and the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Underwood, Richard G. "The Greatest Invention Since the Wheel." The Courier 11.2 (1974): 23-30. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Courier by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE NEW ENGLAND: RISE, PROGRESS, AND TERMINATION, DR. COTTON MATHER, THE WONDERS OF THE INf/lSIBLE WORLD; MR. ROBERT CALEF, MORE WONDERS OF THE INf/lSlBLE WORLD. ~rrfilrr, fntto'llurtion. an'll Notts, By SAMUEL G. DRAKE. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. I. The Wonders of the InviJible World. PRINTED FOR W. ELLIOT WOODWARD, ROXBURY, MASS. MDCCCLXVI. Printed by Joel Munsell, Albany, New York, 1866 THE COURIER SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ASSOCIATES VOLUME XI, NUMBER 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SPRING 1974 Page Samuel Hopkins Adams, his Novel, Revelry, and the Reputation of Warren G. Harding Robert W. Coren 3 From the Collector's Library: Joel Munsell, Printer and Antiquarian in Albany, New York Henry S. Bannister 11 The Greatest Invention Since the Wheel Richard G. Underwood 23 News of the Library and Library Associates 31 The Greatest Invention Since the Wheel by Richard G. Underwood Everyone knows that the alphabet is the greatest invention since the wheel, but where would the alphabet be today without the book? Claims for the book's obsolescence by modern technologists overlook its long history as a thing of joy, as well as a basic tool.
    [Show full text]
  • Fonts for Latin Paleography 
    FONTS FOR LATIN PALEOGRAPHY Capitalis elegans, capitalis rustica, uncialis, semiuncialis, antiqua cursiva romana, merovingia, insularis majuscula, insularis minuscula, visigothica, beneventana, carolina minuscula, gothica rotunda, gothica textura prescissa, gothica textura quadrata, gothica cursiva, gothica bastarda, humanistica. User's manual 5th edition 2 January 2017 Juan-José Marcos [email protected] Professor of Classics. Plasencia. (Cáceres). Spain. Designer of fonts for ancient scripts and linguistics ALPHABETUM Unicode font http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/alphabet.html PALEOGRAPHIC fonts http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/palefont.html TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER Page Table of contents 2 Introduction 3 Epigraphy and Paleography 3 The Roman majuscule book-hand 4 Square Capitals ( capitalis elegans ) 5 Rustic Capitals ( capitalis rustica ) 8 Uncial script ( uncialis ) 10 Old Roman cursive ( antiqua cursiva romana ) 13 New Roman cursive ( nova cursiva romana ) 16 Half-uncial or Semi-uncial (semiuncialis ) 19 Post-Roman scripts or national hands 22 Germanic script ( scriptura germanica ) 23 Merovingian minuscule ( merovingia , luxoviensis minuscula ) 24 Visigothic minuscule ( visigothica ) 27 Lombardic and Beneventan scripts ( beneventana ) 30 Insular scripts 33 Insular Half-uncial or Insular majuscule ( insularis majuscula ) 33 Insular minuscule or pointed hand ( insularis minuscula ) 38 Caroline minuscule ( carolingia minuscula ) 45 Gothic script ( gothica prescissa , quadrata , rotunda , cursiva , bastarda ) 51 Humanist writing ( humanistica antiqua ) 77 Epilogue 80 Bibliography and resources in the internet 81 Price of the paleographic set of fonts 82 Paleographic fonts for Latin script 2 Juan-José Marcos: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The following pages will give you short descriptions and visual examples of Latin lettering which can be imitated through my package of "Paleographic fonts", closely based on historical models, and specifically designed to reproduce digitally the main Latin handwritings used from the 3 rd to the 15 th century.
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Differing Accents | Monday 11Th June Fig 3
    differing accents | Monday 11th June 3 EDITOR IN CHIEF Stefano Cavagnetto PROJECT MANAGERS AND ADMINISTRATORS Simon Gray, Marketa Musilova, Leah Adler, Lucie Evjakova, Milena Jirovcova, Masa Hilcisin PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT Gavin Bird, Silvia Weinzettelova, Ryan Cole CONFERENCE IDENTITY Marusa Racic SPECIAL THANKS To all the Prague College students, lecturers and staff who have participated in the organisational activities, production and development, research and workshops, whom with their amazing efforts and hard work have made this conference a reality. Polska 10 120 00 Prague 2 Czech Republic www.praguecollege.cz (+420) 222 101 020 © Prague College ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. Names, logos, brands, and other trademarks featured or referred to within this publication are the property of their respective trademark holders. Printed in Prague, Czech Republic. diff Monday 11th Veronika Burian 6 Oldřich Menhart: ering Calligrapher, Type acc Designer and Craftsman Stephen Raw 16 ents Making Language Visible Differing Accents is a Tuesday 12th four-day Typographic Stefano Cavagnetto 18 and Lettering Gifts from the past Conference, bringing what we all gained together renowned from medieval manuscripts speakers from across Europe. Kate Sill 34 26 The main focus will be on traditional Iva Knobloch 42 typographic and Ladislav Sutnar: lettering practice from Typography & the past, the present, Information Flow and looking to the Mark Noad 52 future, as well as the Getting from A to Z: underlying aspects of Type, Travel and type as a craft. The Tube Map The conference will take place inside Wednesday 13th Prague College and Jo Hamill 62 is open to delegates Lost for Words from the UK and Czech Republic, Errol Donald 66 students and PRIDE Graffiti members of the public.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin Paleography (Fonts for Latin Script)
    FFFONTS FOR LATIN PPPALEOGRAPHY Capitalis elegans, capitalis rustica, uncialis, semiuncialis, antiqua cursiva romana, merovingia, insularis majuscula, insularis minuscula, visigothica, beneventana, carolina minuscula, gothica rotunda, gothica textura prescissa, gothica textura quadrata, gothica cursiva, gothica bastarda, humanistica. User's manual 4th edition June 2014 Juan-José Marcos [email protected] Professor of Classics. Plasencia. (Cáceres). Spain. Designer of fonts for ancient scripts and linguistics ALPHABETUM Unicode font http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/alphabet.html PALEOGRAPHIC fonts http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/palefont.html TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER Page Table of contents 2 Introduction 3 Epigraphy and Paleography 3 The Roman majuscule book-hand 4 Square Capitals (capitalis elegans) 5 Rustic Capitals (capitalis rustica) 8 Uncial script (uncialis) 10 Old Roman cursive (antiqua cursiva romana) 13 New Roman cursive (nova cursiva romana) 16 Half-uncial or Semi-uncial (semiuncialis) 19 Post-Roman scripts or national hands 22 Germanic script (scriptura germanica) 23 Merovingian minuscule (merovingia, luxoviensis minuscula) 24 Visigothic minuscule (visigothica) 27 Lombardic and Beneventan scripts (beneventana) 30 Insular scripts 33 Insular Half-uncial or Insular majuscule (insularis majuscula) 33 Insular minuscule or pointed hand (insularis minuscula) 38 Caroline minuscule (carolingia minuscula) 45 Gothic script (gothica prescissa, quadrata, rotunda, cursiva, bastarda) 51 Humanist writing (humanistica antiqua) 77 Epilogue 80 Bibliography and resources in the internet 81 Price of the paleographic set of fonts 82 Paleographic fonts for Latin script 2 Juan-José Marcos. [email protected] INTRODUCTION The following pages will give you short descriptions and visual examples of Latin lettering which can be imitated through my package of "Paleographic fonts", closely based on historical models, and specifically designed to reproduce digitally the main Latin handwritings used from the 3rd to the 15th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Alphabet : an Account of the Origin and Development of Letters
    Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/alphabetaccounto02tayluoft foj THE ALPHABET AN ACCOUNT OF THE Origin and Development of Letters VOL II. .'^^ THE ALPHABET AN ACCOUNT OF THE Origin and Development of Letters Bv ISAAC TAYLOR, MA., LL.D. IN TWO VOLUMES Vol. II. ** a-C LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, & CO., i. PATERNOSTER SQUARE 1883 p 211 V.2. LOKnOX: PBI»TSD BT OII.BKBT & RIVIVOTON (LIMITED), 8T. John's 8<)uarb, clkrkenwbll road. [Ali rights reserved.'} — —— CONTENTS OF VOL. II. Chapter VII. The Greek Alphabet. § I . The Science of Greek Epigraphy . I 2. Abu Simbel § ...... 5 § 3, The Legend of Cadmus 18 § 4. The Cadmean Alphabet .... 28 § 5. The Dated Monuments 44 § 6. Classification of the Greek Alphabets 61 § 7. The Abecedaria ..... 69 § 8. The Letters . 80 § 9. The Asianic Scripts .... 108 Chapter VIII. Alphabets of Hellenic Origin. § I. The Italic Alphabets 124 § 2. Latin . 136 § 3. Greek Uncials and Minuscules 145 § 4. Latin Uncials and Minuscules 163 § 5. Coptic 191 § 6. The Slavonic Alphabets . 195 § 7. The Albanian Alphabets 207 § 8. The Runes . 210 § 9. The Oghams .... .... 225 Chapter IX. The Iranian Alphabets. § I. The Primitive Scripts of Persia 228 § 2. The Pehlevi Alphabets 238 § 3. The Indo-Bactrian Inscription of Asoka . 256 — CONTENTS. PAGE Numerals 263 § 4. The Indian and Georgian Alphabets .268 § 5. The Armenian Chapter X. Indian Alphabets. § I. The Multiplicity of Indian Scripts . .285 § 2. Asoka 289 of India 296 § 3. The Primitive Alphabets § 4. The Origin of the Indian Alphabets 304 Transition § 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle High and New High German
    MIDDLE HIGH AND NEW HIGH GERMAN HUGO STEGER 0. INTRODUCTION The task of reporting on 'Current Trends' must, because of the variety of approaches and the mass of literature for Middle High German and New High German, be taken very literally. Thus, we can deal only with the basic directions, with regard to matter and methodology, in which linguistics is moving, and only very rarely can we discuss specific problems. The concept of linguistics is very broad for Middle High German; that is, the history of language is given a great deal of consideration. For New High German the range is rather more restricted to grammatical problems. In each of the individual sections, Middle High German is discussed and Early New High German and New High German are included, so that any overlapping towards the one side or the other is balanced out. Sections 1 and 2 are each divided into (1) Grammar and lexicology; (2) Language history; and (3) Further linguistic problems. Although, given the nature of the task, only selected literature can be brought to bear, I do use a relatively large number of quotes. Post-World War II efforts in the researching of the Middle High German and New High German linguistic systems are characterized by four methodological principles: 1. The form of research which is defined by historical, geographical, and com- parative philological methods, and which is rooted in the early nineteenth century, is still productive. The Romantics, with Jakob Grimm in the forefront, had fixed its direction. Through the Neo-Grammarians and the development of dialect geography, historical linguistics had, by the end of the nineteenth century, taken on new emphases which, with methodological refinements, are still influential today.
    [Show full text]
  • Origins and Usage of Ge'ez
    The Comparative Origin and Usage of the Ge’ez writing system of Ethiopia by Gabriella F. Scelta A paper submitted to Professor Pilar Quezzaire-Belle in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Arts of Africa, AH 215 December 14, 2001 1 A study of the Ge’ez writing systems is essential to In the case of Christianity in both Roman and Ge’ez systems, understanding the history of Ethiopia and the evolution and the philosophical and religious sacred connections of a writing modern usage of the Roman alphabet. This is not to say, by any system took precedence over a common spoken language. means, that Ge’ez is merely a “bridging“ system that serves only to Geoffrey Sampson notes that “script follows religion” in the case of connect ancient pictograms to the modern western alphabet, Eastern European languages. though that relationship may be unjustly implied in a western study Russians, Bulgarians, Serbs use Cyrillic, while Poles, concerning roman letterforms in comparisons with the ancient Czechs, Croats use Roman, and the division coincides Ethiopic script. Since their origins are essentially the same, to say with that between the Eastern Orthodox and the that Ge’ez is an ancient language whose evolution stopped where Western Catholic churches. It has nothing to do with roman letterforms’ began is a very easy trap to fall into, especially in differences between languages, the nations listed all a distinctly Eurocentric society. This implies incorrectly that Ge’ez speak fairly closely related Slavic languages…2 is an outdated system that stopped being useful as Roman The comparatively few evolutions that ancient Ge’ez system letterforms took the (western) world stage.
    [Show full text]
  • Scriptura Beneventana— Example of European Calligraphic Script in the Middle Ages
    Scriptura Beneventana— Example of European Calligraphic Script in the Middle Ages A Contribution to the Research of Manuscripts Written in Beneventan Script from Croatia To m i s l a v G a l o v i ć cript is a key moment in the development of each civilization. Its Sappearance represents the moment when prehistory ends and history begins. Through its developmental stages—from pictographic, through ideographic to phonetic—the script was and remains the one medium that is used for communication. It is used to commemorate everything that is considered essential, and also to detect the level of cultural development of each people. Taking Greek script from southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Etruscans applied it to their own language. From that script the inhabitants of Lazio (Latium), better known as Latins (Latini), adopted 21 letters.1 Sometime later, the letters Y (upsilon) and Z (zeta) were adopted as well, and this stock of 23 characters constituted the Latin alphabet. The number did not change until the early modern period when it increased to 26 (U, J, W).2 Latin script is commonly divided into three groups: Latin script in the Roman, Medieval and Modern period.3 In the Middle Ages, the Latin script had 10-odd species and one of them was the Beneventan script. (fig. 1) Scriptura Beneventana was a Medieval Latin script that developed from the ancient Roman cursive minuscule of the pre-Carolingian type in the second half of the 8th century. It was mostly used in south Italy, where it originated in the Benedictine monastery of Monte Cassino.
    [Show full text]
  • Paul Renner and Futura: the Effects of Culture, Technology, and Social Continuity on the Design of Type for Printing
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Art and Design Theses Ernest G. Welch School of Art and Design 1-12-2006 Paul Renner and Futura: The Effects of Culture, Technology, and Social Continuity on the Design of Type for Printing Charles C. Leonard Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/art_design_theses Part of the Art and Design Commons Recommended Citation Leonard, Charles C., "Paul Renner and Futura: The Effects of Culture, Technology, and Social Continuity on the Design of Type for Printing." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2006. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/2 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Ernest G. Welch School of Art and Design at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Art and Design Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PAUL RENNER AND FUTURA: THE EFFECTS OF CULTURE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIAL CONTINUITY ON THE DESIGN OF TYPE FOR PRINTING by Charles Leonard Under the direction of Maria Gindhart ABSTRACT This thesis reviews the circumstances that led to what Paul Renner called “the inflation of historicism,” places his response to that problem in the context of the Weimar Republic, details how the German attributes with which he began the project were displaced from the typeface that emerged in 1927, demonstrates that Futura belongs to a new category of serif-less roman fonts rooted in Arts and Crafts lettering, and considers why the specifically German aspects of the project have gone unrecognized for over seventy years.
    [Show full text]
  • Traditions in Documentary Editing.Pdf
    Traditions in documentary editing in the United States and Europe1 Eef Dijkhof (Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands) In 2007, Donald Haks, at the time the director of the Institute of Netherlands History, and I visited the annual meeting of the Association of Documentary Editing in Richmond, Virginia. Some days earlier we had stayed in Charlottesville at the invitation of Mary Jo Kline and Theodore Crackel. There, we visited the offices of The George Washington Papers and the Thomas Jefferson Papers, Retirement Series, and we had a meeting with some of the editors of the James Madison Papers. The accuracy of the editors and their efforts to produce comprehensive editions bear many similarities to the way I was dealing with documents from the end of the thirteenth century. Later on I realised that, for instance, in England documents originating from the end of the thirteenth century are not edited in the same way. However, this does not mean that the English tradition of documentary editing lacks accuracy and comprehensiveness. On the contrary, it is only that the English reserve this kind of editing for their oldest documents, from the Anglo-Saxon period, before the arrival of William the Conqueror in England in 1066.2 The same attitude is adopted on the Continent towards documents from Merovingian and Carolingian times. I can point at the volumes in the series Chartae Antiquiores editing charters dating from the ninth century and earlier.3 It is a fascinating idea that in the different traditions of documentary editing in the United States and Europe editors are dealing in a quite similar way to their own oldest documents.
    [Show full text]