W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1982 Grand River landings, Ottawa County, Michigan Donald W. Linebaugh College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Linebaugh, Donald W., "Grand River landings, Ottawa County, Michigan" (1982). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625166. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-ft10-1551 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. GRANT RIVER LANDINGS, OTTAWA COUNTY, MICHIGAN- A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Anthropology The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts t>y Donald W . Linebaugh 1982 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Author Approved, June 1982 Norman Barka Edwin Dethlefsen Darrel Miller ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................. iv LIST OF TABLES ......................... ........... v LIST OF FIGURES ......... vi ABSTRACT ......................... viii INTRODUCTION ......... 2 CHAPTER I. THE RIVER LANDING ERA.— HISTORICAL BACKGROUND . 5 CHAPTER II. ECOLOGY OF THE GRAND RIVER BASIN . ......... 80 GEOLOGY ................... 81 LANDFORMS . ..................... 84 HYDROLOGY ......... 87 CLIMATE ....................... 93- SOILS ........................................ 94 PRESETTLEMENT FORESTS ,......... 99 CHAPTER III. THE RIVER LANDING S Y S T E M ..................