Annual Report 2019/2020 Annual Report 1 July 2019 – 30 June 2020

The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Annual report 2019/2020 Annual report 1 July 2019 – 30 June 2020

The Beijer institute of Ecological Economics is an international research institute under the auspices of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Since 1991, the Beijer Institute has been an institute of ecological economics. © The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics 2020 The major objectives of the Beijer Institute are Editor Agneta Sundin to carry out research and stimulate scientific Design, illustration and production Ruby Creative Sthlm cooperation to promote a deeper understanding

Cover illustration Hannes Högberg of the interplay between ecological systems Contributing authors and social and economic development. Garry Best, Stephen Carpenter, Johan Colding, Anne-Sophie Crépin, Carl Folke, Victor Galaz, Johan Gars, Therese Lindahl, Daniel Ospina, Caroline Schill, Agneta Sundin, Max Troell. The Beijer Institute of Proof reading Dr Mary McAfee Ecological Economics

Paper Munken Polar

Contact P.O. Box 50005, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden +46 8 673 95 00 [email protected] | www.beijer.kva.se Director’s column 4 In memoriam Karl-Göran Mäler 1939–2020 6 C.S. Buzz Holling 1930–2019 8 Research programmes Aquaculture and sustainable seafood 10 Behaviour, economics and nature 12 Governance, technology and complexity 14 Urban social-ecological systems 16 Topics Biosphere economics 18 Anthropocene – the age of mankind 19 The economics of planetary boundaries 20 Selected publications Book: Global challenges, governance and complexity 22 A more dynamic understandning of human behaviour 23 Fuel for economic growth 24 Algorithms and the shift in modern science 25 A green pathway out of crisis? 26 The Askö meetings 28 The Beijer Young Scholars 30 Training for transformational leadership 32 Science in society 33 Collaborations 39 Reflections of a Beijer Fellow 42 Appendix Scientific advisory board 43 Staff members 43 Affiliated researchers 43 Staff news 43 Beijer Fellow prizes, honours and awards 44 Visiting researchers 44 Beijer Fellows 44 Administration 45 Funding 45 Teaching and training 45 Seminar and workshop series 46 Staff members’ publications and activities 46 Publications 57

the National Academy of Sciences, European Institute. We will sincerely miss and always Director’s column Review of Agricultural Economics, Science Ad- remember Karl-Göran and his visions, curios- vances, Nature Sustainability, Nature Ecology ity and leadership and Buzz’s deep friendship & Evolution, Global Environmental Change and amazing novel thinking and systems and Environmental Research Letters. understanding. They will always remain in the hearts and minds of The world is in the midst of the Covid-19 are intertwined in social-ecological systems, It is rewarding to note that we all at the Beijer Institute! pandemic, an extreme event rapidly spreading now coevolving and shaping the operation are highly in demand, not across societies and nations. The pandemic of the planet as a whole. Insights have been only in science but also by The year has been unusual has exposed fragility in several dimensions of gained on the complex dynamic behaviour society in its diverse di- in other respects. In late the tightly coupled and interconnected glo- of ecological and economic interactions, in- mensions. At the exciting autumn, we moved into balised world. At the same time, the climate cluding non-linear change, tipping points Svenskt Tenn exhibition the Academy Villa, due to change challenge is becoming real and urgent. and regime shifts. Finally, we have long been ‘Welcome to the Biosphere’, the much needed and very Our future on our planet will be strongly in- investigating how slower and deeper chang- artists interpreted the find- welcome renovation of the fluenced by our ability to keep global warming ings of several of our recent Academy main building. This below 2°C and foster the resilience of the liv- publications, which was very move has been pleasant in ing biosphere. “These are inspiring! During the year, we ac- many respects. It brought Beijer tively interacted with practice, policy and GEDB staff even closer and in- These are turbulent times, where science is and business in various ways, as presented in spired to new research constellations and the needed more than ever. Young people are de- turbulent times, more detail in this report. premises have increased the feeling of being manding that we listen to scientists! Science at home. The Villa is particularly well suited provides informed consensus on the facts and where science is The collaboration with internationally lead- for social activities and we have taken the trade-offs in times of misinformation and po- ing researchers and institutions and the close opportunity to organise events to increase lemics. The planetary challenges that confront interactions with the Global Economic Dy- cohesion in the group and stimulate creativity humanity need governance that mobilises the needed more than namics and the Biosphere (GEDB) Academy and innovation. best that science has to offer, with shared vi- Programme and Stockholm Resilience Cen- sions for sustainable futures. Political will and ever. Young people tre make our research cluster a very special Then the Covid-19 close-down hit us and competence are required to implement choic- node in the world. Being part of the Royal shifted our activities to Zoom meetings and es that will sustain humanity and the rest of Swedish Academy of Sciences is essential, working from home. Although we miss the the living world for long into the future. are demanding and its professional and friendly support is daily interactions, overall the changes have most appreciated. worked quite well. Later, when the pandemic It is in this context that the Beijer Institute op- that we listen has faded and the renovations to the Academy erates. Our interdisciplinary work, often curios- There are many to thank for a Beijer Institute main building are completed, we will move ity driven, aims at generating evidence-based to scientists!” in good shape. First and foremost, and very back and start to use those premises again. It understanding as a foundation for actions sadly, two giants of our legacy have passed will be most exciting, with the upgrading of towards sustainability. Much of the science away: Karl-Göran Mäler, the father of environ- the Beijer Hall and the opportunities it will that we perform is at the interface of ecolo- es interplay with abrupt and rapid changes, mental economics and the founding director provide for new types and forms of meetings, gy and economics and related disciplines. It is how seemingly unrelated shocks influence of the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, thanks to generous funding from the Beijer now proving to be highly relevant for dealing economic performance, societal development at the age of 81 years, and CS ‘Buzz’ Holling, Foundation, which has supported us over dec- with current issues and uncertainties, extreme and sustainability, and what this means for re- the father of resilience thinking, at the age of ades with core funding. We are most grateful events, tensions and turmoil, and for helping silient futures. 88 years. Karl-Göran’s deep insights and won- for the continuous support of the Beijer Foun- guide societies towards sustainable futures. derful personality shaped the Beijer Institute dation, which makes it possible to operate, In addition to ongoing work that the Covid-19 and its activities. Buzz’s contributions to the discover, shape and influence. For example, we have shown that all econo- pandemic has triggered, in the past year we Beijer Institute Board and Beijer research pro- mies, societies and civilisations are embedded have published new findings on these issues grammes brought complex systems and re- in the biosphere, and that people and nature in leading journals like Nature, Proceedings of silience thinking to the forefront at the Beijer

Carl Folke Director of the Beijer Institute Stockholm, July 2020

4 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Director’s column Director’s column Annual report 19/20 5 In memoriam

the notion of inclusive wealth. However, these were just emerged. He did so in a relaxed way, often joking, but also a few topics among the wide set of issues with which generously sharing his huge experience and knowledge Karl-Göran Mäler he engaged. of the field and methods.” Karl-Göran had a brilliant mind and excelled in all the Christina Leijonhufvud, office manager at the Beijer essential qualities of a good researcher. He was extreme- Institute, organised the teaching workshops and courses ly curious, which was a great advantage when starting and often travelled with Karl-Göran: 1939–2020 discussions with the natural scientists in the early days “Karl-Göran was very much appreciated among the of the Beijer Institute. He was rigorous and tenacious and participants with his straightforwardness, patience and would not rest until issues were properly solved. support. He showed such interest in people and ideas Karl-Göran's huge experience and knowledge was and loved to discuss things from different angles. He highly valued, which is reflected by his legacy in shap- shared his wisdom and encouraged everyone to think, ing the field of environmental economics, his many roles dig deeper and never give up. His broad and deep knowl- Professor emeritus Karl-Göran Mäler passed away The networks and the journal have had a great impact within the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and, not edge about the most diverse matters was impressive and on 20 May 2020, at the age of 81. He was one of the on research and policy in developing countries and have least, in his role as advisor to policy makers, nationally his love for nature was remarkable. He was an enjoyer of founders and the first director of the Beijer Institute of been very important to many researchers in the network and internationally. life; he loved to travel, he loved to be creative with close Ecological Economics and a pioneering, world-leading regions, where the Beijer Institute also organised a se- friends and colleagues, he loved opera music, good food environmental economist. He was an intellectual giant, ries of teaching and training workshops. This work was Teacher, mentor and friend and wine.” mentor and dear friend to colleagues at the Beijer Insti- mainly led together with Partha Dasgupta, while other Above all, Karl-Göran was kind, as he demonstrat- tute and around the world. world-leading ecologists and economists were part of Many of Karl-Göran Mäler’s former students, wheth- ed many times in difficult moments. He was an inspir- Karl-Göran’s curiosity and continuous desire to un- the teaching teams. Karl-Göran regarded this work as er PhD students or workshop attendees, can testify to ing role model and father figure and he will be deeply derstand matters at a deeper level were key ingredients one of the most important accomplishments of his ca- his genuine interest in sharing his knowledge and in missed, not least by those of us who had the privilege of for the success of the Beijer Institute’s early endeavour reer. It was in one of the teaching workshops, in Jamaica, learning from his pupils. The current deputy director working under his leadership for many years. to build bridges between disciplines that were not ac- that he met his beloved wife Sara Aniyar. of the Beijer Institute, Anne-Sophie Crépin, is among customed to collaborating. The journey of the Beijer In- Together, Karl-Göran Mäler and Partha Dasgupta re- them: “Karl-Göran would set everything aside to spend stitute with Karl-Göran was inspiring, searching for new ceived the Volvo Environmental Prize in 2002. a couple of hours helping out with a problem that had understandings and always with the problems in focus, exploring and investigat- Scientific accomplishments ing with an open mind and deep commitment. Karl-Göran Mäler’s PhD thesis from 1972 was published in- Career ternationally in 1974 (En- vironmental Economics: Karl-Göran Mäler initial- A Theoretical Inquiry). It ly studied mathematics, has been widely read and statistics and economics cited, probably because at Stockholm Universi- it was very innovative Top left: Karl-Göran with ty, followed by studies in in using economic the- Partha Dasgupta during a workshop in Malaysia 1996. economics at MIT, Stan- ory to analyse serious Top right. With Carl Folke and ford University and Stock- environmental issues. Christina Leijonhufvud at Askö. holm University. 1972, he The thesis covered an Bottom left: With wife Sara Aniyar earned a PhD in econom- astonishingly broad set ics at Stockholm University. of topics, such as a general He was Professor of Econom- equilibrium model of envi- ics at the Stockholm School of ronmental quality, economic Economics 1975-2002. growth and the quality of the en- In 1981, Karl-Göran was elected vironment, basic consumption theo- member of the Royal Swedish Academy ry and welfare economics, and estimation of Sciences, where he was a member of the Com- of the demand for environmental services. mittee on the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of During his career, Karl-Göran continued to address di- Alfred Nobel 1981-1994 (and chaired the committee in verse issues related to economics and the environment. He 1986-1987). pioneered the field of international environmental agree- Together with fellow economist Sir Partha Dasgupta, ments with the ‘acid rain games’, where he depicted stra- he founded the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics tegic interactions between countries emitting and receiv- in 1992, with funding from the Beijer Foundation. He was ing pollution by sulphuric acid, painting a landscape of the institute’s director until his retirement in 2002. the problem in order to get countries to cooperate on a Under Karl-Göran Mäler’s leadership, the Beijer Insti- critical transboundary environmental problem. tute established several regional networks of environ- He was instrumental in starting up the study of the mental economists, as well as the journal Environment economics of regime shifts with the shallow lake mod- and Development Economics (EDE), which encourages el, where the lake could flip from clear to turbid even submissions from researchers in the field in both devel- in response to an optimal policy intervention. He also oped and developing countries. made fundamental contributions to accounting and

6 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics In memoriam In memoriam Annual report 19/20 7 In memoriam C.S. Buzz Holling 1930–2019 Research

Crawford Stanley “Buzz” Holling, the father of re- became director of the International Institute of Applied programmes x 4 silience research and long-time colleague and friend of Systems Analysis (IIASA). the Beijer Institute, passed away in August 2019, aged Buzz Holling highlighted the importance of consid- 88. Pioneers break new ground and leave an empty space ering surprise, system reorganisation and learning when when they move on. trying to understand social-ecological dynamics. These Buzz Holling was a pivotal figure in the develop- efforts led to new ideas about the dynamic nature of Work at the Beijer Institute strives to create ment of the Beijer Institute, the Resilience Alliance and resilience and the co-development of Adaptive Environ- Stockholm Resilience Centre. He was a pioneer in efforts mental Management and Assessment, a learning-based research frontiers at the interface of ecology, to understand complex systems, inspired by thinkers approach to the management of complex environmental emerging at that time. Buzz strongly emphasised that problems. understanding, not knowledge in a narrow sense, is es- economics and related disciplines, in order to sential in navigating the dynamic, connected and evolv- The origin of social-ecological systems thinking ing challenges of our rich, unequal and beautiful world. promote a deeper understanding of the inter He encouraged creative and fun experimental research In the 1990s, Buzz began a long-term collaboration with that bridges science, practice and art, which has inspired Stockholm-based researchers, initially through the Beijer play between ecological systems and social the research culture at the Beijer Institute and Stock- Institute and then with researchers at Stockholm Uni- holm Resilience Centre. versity. The Resilience Alliance was established in 1999 and economic development in relation to as an international partnership of interdisciplinary re- From insects to adaptive management searchers focusing on understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Buzz and other researchers sustainability. Buzz Holling grew up in the forests of behind the partnership published a number of influen- Northern Ontario, where he de- tial papers and books in the 2000s, exploring the dynam- Our research framework recognises that economies and socie- veloped a deep interest in the ics of resilience and transformation and the concept of living world. An early inter- social-ecological systems. ties are components embedded within the Earth’s biosphere, the est in forest insects led Buzz Holling trained many scientists who went on to thin layer around our blue planet where life exists, resulting in him to study insects, have major impacts in behavioural ecology, forest man- first at the Univer- agement, fisheries, ecology and sustainability science. biosphere dependence. The situation is different from just a few sity of Toronto and He was passionate about developing cross-disciplinary, then at the Uni- international networks of younger scientists, and made decades ago. Now, the globalised human world is shaping the op- versity of British sure that this was a central and continuing part of resil- eration of the biosphere at planetary level in truly intertwined Colombia. During ience science activities. his PhD studies, His contributions to the board of the Beijer Institute systems of people and nature. In dialogue with the Institute’s in- he developed the and the Santa Fe Institute, USA, advanced complexity first mathemati- science and sustainability research. ternational scientific advisory board, we discuss, assess and modi- cal theory of pre- fy our research programmes to better capture and understand the dation. These con- A true scientific giant cepts are now widely intertwined world. There are currently four research programmes used to analyse preda- Buzz Holling received many honours for his contribu- tor-prey interactions. tions to science and society. He was a Fellow of the Roy- of the Beijer Institute, all combining important theoretical insights In the 1960s and 1970s, al Society of Canada and a foreign Fellow of the Royal with novel and grounded empirical research. The focus and pro- Buzz extended his work us- Swedish Academy of Sciences. He received the Austrian ing systems to understand diverse Cross of Honour for Science and Art, and he became an gress of each are presented under this section. types of interactions between people Officer of the Order of Canada. He was awarded the Volvo and nature. He began to collaborate with experts out- Environmental Prize in 2008, for being “one of the most >> Photo: side universities and research labs, in order to under- creative and influential ecologists of our times”. Simon Fraser University stand land development, forest management, and pest Buzz Holling was a true scientific giant. His funda- Public Affairs management. It was from these experiences that he first mental contributions to our understanding of the world and Media began to formulate his ideas about resilience. This work will continue to deeply influence and inform us, and his Relations continued in Vienna, where Buzz first visited and then warmth and curiosity will continue to inspire.

8 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics In memoriam Programme director Research programmes Max Troell

social impacts, as there is often a mismatch between portant but troublesome finding was that almost one- [4] demand for eco-certified seafood and the actual be- third of the 74 million tonnes of farmed seafood is not Crona, B., E. Was- sénius, M. Troell, K. Aquaculture and haviour of consumers faced with higher prices. It also classified down to species level. The authors argue that Barclay, T. Mallory, M. leaves non-certified small-scale and data-poor fisher- a mixed box of tools, involving technological develop- Fabinyi, W. Zhang, V. W. Y. Lam, L. Cao, P. ies behind, which limits the supply of eco-labelled sea- ment, enabling policies and consumer information and J. G. Henriksson, and food on the market. education, is needed to diversify global aquaculture. H. Eriksson. China’s sustainable seafood seafood sector at a crossroad? One Projecting the future of seafood Both sustainable and healthy? Earth. In press. [1] A fundamental challenge facing humanity today is providing healthy food for a Love., D. et al. 2020. China plays a dominant role in both production and Increased seafood consumption is recommended, due Emerging COVID-19 growing world population in a sustainable and inclusive way. Fish and shellfish [5] impacts, responses, consumption of seafood and also in the global seafood to the beneficial nutritional value and health effects. Gephart, J., C. D. and lessons for comprise an estimated 17% of the global animal-based protein supply and are trade. A paper by Beijer Institute and GEDB research- However, the great diversity of seafood species and Golden, F. Asche, B. Belton, C. Brugere, H. building resilience in ers shows that by 2030, China is likely to see seafood production systems poses a challenge when formulat- the seafood system. the primary source of animal protein for billions of people. As we now enter the E. Froehlich, J. P. Fry, SocArXiv. osf.io/ consumption outstrip domestic production4. To meet ing recommendations that score highly for both envi- B. S. Halpern, C. C. preprints/socarxiv/ UN Ocean Decade, there is strong momentum for developing a new course for our the anticipated seafood gap, China will probably at- ronmental performance and health benefits. A paper in Hicks, R. C. Jones, D. x8aew H. Klinger, D. C. Little, oceans and also for enabling the potential of blue foods to increase planetary and tempt to increase domestic freshwater and offshore Journal of Cleaner Production analysed the combined D. J. McCauley, S. H. human health. The programme Aquaculture and sustainable seafood, with its aim aquaculture, increase seafood imports, possibly expand climate and nutritional performance of seafood types Thilsted, M. Troell, [2] the distant water fishing industry, and also invest in commonly consumed in Sweden8. The results showed and E. H. Allisom. Tlusty, M. F., P. to increase knowledge about the role that seafood can play in a sustainable food Scenarios for global Tyedmers, M. Bailey, seafood production abroad. The country’s dominance that the seafood types differed widely in nutritional aquaculture and F. Ziegler, P. J. G. future, is well positioned. means that its choices regarding what seafood to eat, value and in climate impact, and that the two metrics its role in human nutrition. Reviews Henriksson, C. Béné, and how and from where to source it, are also increas- were not correlated across all species. This research is S. Bush, R. Newton, F. in Fisheries Science ingly important for the rest of the world. a first step towards modelling the joint nutritional and & Aquaculture. Asche, D. C. Little, M. New initiatives on the future of blue foods mental impacts in a highly structured, open-source, Troell, and M. Jonell. In a study in Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aq- climate benefits of seafood as a concrete baseline for In press. standardised way, using Life Cycle Assessment. 2019. Reframing the The ongoing “Blue Food Assessment” (BFA) will address uaculture, an interdisciplinary working group at the policy-making, e.g. in dietary advice. sustainable seafood For more information see: www.hestia.earth. narrative. Global En- the many questions arising regarding the future role National Center for Socio-Environmental Synthesis [6] vironmental Change of blue foods in global food systems. BFA is a joint ini- (SESYNC), USA, explored plausible aquaculture futures Henriksson, P. J. G., 59:101991. Building artificial coral reefs L. K. Banks, S. K. Suri, tiative between Stanford University, Stockholm Resil- Covid-19 and the global seafood system and their role in nutrition security, using a qualitative T. Y. Pratiwi, M. R. ience Centre, the Beijer Institute and EAT. The initia- scenario approach5. Two dimensions of economic de- The global loss of coral reefs threatens human lives Fatan, and M. Troell. An international interdisciplinary scientific team led 2019. Indone- [3] tive will increase understanding about the potential of velopment (degree of globalization and dominant eco- because these ecosystems provide food, income and Stoll, J. S., M. Bailey, by Johns Hopkins University investigated Covid-19-re- sian aquaculture aquatic foods through production of a series of scien- nomic development philosophy) were considered in shoreline protection. In a new project, artificial coral futures — identi- and M. Jonell. 2019. lated shocks and responses in the seafood sector. In- Alternative pathways tific papers in collaboration with Springer Nature. four scenarios representing globalized systems orien- reefs will be developed in Madagascar with the help fying interventions sights from the study, published as a preprint, show for reducing environ- to sustainable sea- For more information see: www.bluefood.earth tated toward maximizing sectoral economic growth, or of novel technology, to restore biodiversity, build fish- food. Conservation that as the pandemic shifts and possibly re-emerges mental impacts. Envi- Letters 13:e12683. localized systems meeting environmental and equity eries and improve human health. The project will also ronmental Research in countries world-wide, there will be a continuing Programme researchers are also involved in a EU-fund- dimensions of sustainability. The study examined ways investigate the potential for sustainable marine aqua- Letters 14:124062. need for coping strategies to maintain the sector’s core ed project developing a digital platform allowing re- in which nutrition-sensitive aquaculture, which aims culture alongside existing wild capture fisheries from functions and protect vulnerable people working in, searchers and producers across the agricultural and to benefit public health through production of diverse, reef ecosystems. [7] or dependent on, the seafood sector1. These respons- Metian, M., M. Troell, seafood supply-chain to store data on their environ- nutrient-rich seafood and enabling equitable access, Programme director Max Troell will be involved es will vary across regions and countries. A shift from V. Christensen, J. can be achieved in the different scenarios. in general feasibility studies of the new methodology Steenbeek, and S. short-term coping strategies to development and im- Indonesia is the world’s second largest producer (ARMS for short), but his main contribution will be to Poui. 2019. Mapping plementation of longer-term adaptation strategies and diversity of species COVID-19 disruptions and impacts on seafood supply chains. of fish, but domestic demand is now higher than the determine how the local fish resources generated af- resilience building will be necessary to prevent future in global aquacul- supply. Indonesian aquaculture is therefore expected fect the nutrition and wellbeing of the coastal commu- ture. Reviews in shocks and respond to ongoing stressors, such as cli- to increase by 8.5% annually. A study in Environmental nities involved. Aquaculture 12(2): mate change or political instability. 1090–1100. Research Letters explored options for environmentally The project is a 3-year collaboration between Har- Production Demand C Disruption friendly expansion of Indonesian aquaculture6. Envi- vard University, the Beijer Institute and the University Disruption P [8] Broadening the view on seafood sustainability ronmental implications of six production systems were of Toliara. Hallström, E., studied using a life-cycle assessment (LCA) framework. K. Bergman, K. In a paper in Global Environmental Change, programme The analysis showed potential for substantial environ- Mifflin, R. Parker, P. P researchers and Beijer colleagues argue that conven- Divers from NGO Reef Doctor building artificial reef Tyedmers, M. Troell, large scale large small scale medim scale mental gains related to e.g. greenhouse gas emissions, structure in Madagascar. Photo: Reef Doctor and F. Ziegler. 2019. tional narratives prioritising the role of seafood in pro- Combined climate e e C acidification and fossil energy use, but indicated that m m a o o m moting ‘ocean health’ need to be reframed to cover a and nutritional c e l S c i r n S the planned expansion of shrimp farming risks exten- i n m o i i e o e performance of e c e n S broader set of environmental and social dimensions of l g r n t i n d i e sive ecological degradation of mangrove forests. seafoods. Journal of d s i Well-being sustainability2. Seafood should not be treated as a sin- C o

m l Cleaner Production Livelihoods Food Security gle aggregated item in sustainability assessments, but 230:402–411. rather recognized as a highly diverse set of foods, with The role of diversification variable environmental impacts, edible yield rates and o Laor o d A method for quantifying and mapping species diversi- p local isrption S nutritional profiles. er domestic international ty in the global aquaculture industry is presented in a Supply lic ice Disruption m A study in Conservation Letters led by researchers at o ar od ke paper in Reviews in Aquaculture7. Of the 462 identified r ts et the University of Maine claims that too strict a focus ail species available for cultivation, a mere 20 species ac- on seafood certification neglects the diversity of tools B count for 70% of total global volumes of farmed fish that are actually needed to create sustainable fishing S and shellfish. This reduced diversity may have implica- S practices and conservation3. Certification may not be tions for the industry’s long-term sustainability. An im- Key very effective in reducing negative environmental and Distribution ig Lo potesied mpacts Disruption Research programmes Annual report 19/20 11 Programme directors Research programmes J. Marty Anderies and Therese Lindahl

Behaviour, economics and nature (BEN)

The mission of the BEN programme is to develop an understanding of human behaviour that can assist in the design of robust institutions for environmental protection and sustainable development. BEN research seeks to understand fundamental drivers of individual behaviour, while recognising that people taking decisions are embedded within, and affected by, a social, economic and ecological context. We study behaviour and behavioural motivators at different levels, as reflected in our various research topics, our multi-method approach and the interdisciplinary expertise on which we rely.

[1] How Covid-19 changed the context dependency affect behaviour and the implications this Schill, C., J. M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, of our research may have for policies. During this year, the first phase C. Folke, S. Polasky, of data collection took place in Thailand. The remain- In November 2019, Nature Sustainability published the J. C. Cárdenas, ing data collection has had to be postponed due to the A.-S. Crépin, M. A. paper ‘A more dynamic understanding of human be- Covid-19 pandemic. Janssen, J. Norberg, haviour for the Anthropocene’1. This piece, which you and M. Schlüter. Rawadee Jarungrattanapong instructing small-scale fishers in Thailand, participants in behavioural experiments. 2019. A more dynam- can read more about on page 23 of this report, sum- ic understanding of marises the discussions and thinking at various BEN Modelling human behaviour and resource variability, respond and adapt to natu- to design policy mixes with the greatest potential to [3] human behaviour for workshops and meetings over recent years. The paper the Anthropocene. The BEN programme continues its efforts to develop ral resource conditions, Model development work is a shift diets towards more sustainable and healthy op- Lindahl T., and highlights the role of social, cultural and ecological M. Jonell 2020. Nature Sustainability a general, flexible modelling platform through which collaboration between Therese Lindahl, Caroline Schill tions. This will be a continuation of work carried out 2:1075-1082. context for our perceptions, social interactions and Metoder för att ändra researchers can conduct experiments with data simu- and colleagues from Stockholm Resilience Centre. during the year. See for example related work within kostvanor (Methods behaviour, and how these interactions and behaviours for changing diets). lations in silico, to complement empirical research and A recent article by Marty Anderies and collabora- the project SEAWIN (more on page 38) and two pub- [2] in turn give rise to new contexts. Little did we know, Konsumentverket practical policy work. The work on small-scale fisheries tors lays the foundation for rigorous assessment of lished reports on transformation of the food system3-4 (The Swedish Muneepeeraku, R. I., while writing this paper, how our realities and the con- and J. M. Anderies. discussed in the previous section will be a key driver the conditions in which governance can be expected (more on page 37). Consumer Agency), text in which we live, operate and perform research report 2020:4. 2020. The emer- of BEN modelling research in the period 2020-2021. to emerge in small-scale resource systems2. This is an Therese Lindahl, Gustav Engström and Johan Gars gence and resilience would change so dramatically in just a few weeks’ time. of self-organized For example, while awaiting experimental data on be- essential question for small-scale fisheries, which ac- received a four-year grant from Formas (Research The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has affected BEN [4] governance in haviour, existing data can be used to build agent-based cording to some estimates comprise more than 40% Council for Sustainable Development) for a project in coupled infra- research in many ways. Perhaps the most obvious is Röös, E., J. Larsson, models. These models can then be applied in social of world landings and which must rely on local govern- which they will empirically study attitudes of voters K. Resare Sahlin, M. structure systems. that we had to postpone much of the data collection Proceedings of the simulation experiments to allow systematic explo- ance structures to prevent over-exploitation. and politicians to climate policies. They will examine Jonell, T. Lindahl, we had planned. This year saw the start of a new ex- E. André, S. Säll, National Academy ration of how diverse resource users, facing different how these opinions co-vary with individual character- of Sciences of the citing research project, The new normal, led by Beijer N. Harring, and ecological realities, with respect to resource scarcity istics, such as income, geographical region of residence M. Persson. 2020. United States of researcher Caroline Schill. It will explore, together with “How to design policy mixes America 117(9):4617- and ideological leanings, and how they may change Styrmedel för hållbar Inuit communities in North Slope, Alaska (USA), hu- matkonsumtion: En 4622. with the greatest potential with different socio-political and ecological realities. man responses to abrupt environmental change in the Former Mäler Scholar Rawadee Jarungrattanapong and pro- kunskapsöversikt gramme director Therese Lindahl during field work in Thailand. Results from empirical studies will then be used to- och vägar framåt Arctic, using behavioural and interpretive social sci- to shift diets towards more gether with economic models to identify the efficient (Policy instruments ence. Because this project relies heavily on fieldwork, for sustainable food sustainable and healthy policies that are also politically feasible. consumption: A re- project plans for this year had to be substantially review of the evidence vised, although several activities can still be performed. options?” and ways forward). Looking ahead SLU Future Food Reports, Swedish Experiments with small-scale fishers Two new grants to continue work The current coronavirus crisis has imposed constraints University of Agri- cultural Sciences, on our research, but at the same time it has provided Many small-scale coastal fisheries are severely threat- on policy design report 19. us with a window for thinking strategically about the ened by chronic overfishing and climate change Over the course of four years, Therese Lindahl and Ma- future. We look forward to the next year of BEN, when impacts. These combined pressures call for better lin Jonell will be part of a research programme funded we will hopefully be able to resume our ongoing exper- management but solutions can be difficult to find, es- by Mistra (Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environ- imental work and re-engage with our collaborators in pecially if they are dependent on the social and eco- mental Research). The programme, Mistra Food Fu- small working groups to address practical policy con- logical context. In a project funded by Vetenskapsrådet tures, which is spearheaded by the Swedish University cerns and develop the theory regarding human behav- (The Swedish Research Council), Therese Lindahl and of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) together with Stockholm iour in complex adaptive systems. Caroline Schill, with collaborators in Colombia and Resilience Centre and RISE (Research Institute of Swe- Thailand, aim to shed light on this issue. In experi- den) aims to develop strategies that can transform the ments, they will study how various aspects of resource food system by 2045. Lindahl and Jonell will study how

12 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Research programmes Research programmes Annual report 19/20 13 Programme director Research programmes Victor Galaz Governance, technology and complexity

This programme strives to combine important theoretical insights with novel and grounded empirical research. The emphasis is on how societal and technological change interacts with complex systems of the biosphere, and on governance issues associated with these interactions. The ambition is to continue to identify opportunities for cross-fertilisation and build partnerships with scholars from different fields such as sustainability sciences, finance, law, economics, political economy, computer sciences and risk studies.

The programme is run in close collaboration by the Planetary responsible AI Beijer Institute, Stockholm Resilience Centre (Stock- In the past year, we have worked hard to create the in- holm University), Princeton University and other international collaborations and ideas needed to move ternational collaborators. this complex issue as a clear research agenda. As part of this ambition, in October 2019 the programme or- Technological advances shaping our planet ganised a workshop and launch event on “AI, People and the Planet” at the Consulate General of Sweden in Technological change has always been viewed as rapid New York, in collaboration witH colleagues at Prince- and disruptive. Automation was an issue discussed al- ton University. The event brought together academics ready by Aristotle in Politics, and Francis Bacon noted and representatives from major tech companies such at the end of the 1500s the powerful forces unleashed as Google and Ericsson, national partnerships like AI by technological progress. Advances in robotics, artifi- Innovation of Sweden, and international organisations cial intelligence (AI) analytics, and a suite of intelligent such as USAID, UN Global Pulse and the United Na- ume brings together scholars from all over the world mation landscape is also affected by the abundant and [4] autonomous technologies now surrounding us all in tions Development Program (UNDP). This is only one to explore and integrate insights from the complexi- at times automated spread of misinformation, includ- Garcia, D., V. Galaz, seamless ways, are making it increasingly clear that and S. Daume. of several events where we strategically aim to connect ty sciences with multiple disciplinary perspectives, ing hoaxes, conspiracy theories, click-bait headlines technological change will continue to be a major force 2019. EATLancet to new expertise in the artificial intelligence domain, studies of governance and policy of global challenges and junk science. The study ‘EAT-Lancet vs. yes2meat: vs yes2meat: the shaping the trajectories of our living planet. digital backlash to and front-runners in a field that we have denoted like climate change, and global systemic risks. Con- Understanding the digital backlash to the ‘planetary the planetary health “Planetary responsible AI”1. tributions to the volume show that complex systems health diet’4 showed that information dynamics and diet. The Lancet [1] “Technological change will insights have much to offer as we all strive to under- strategies by loosely coordinated groups online can 394:2153-2154. AI can tackle the stand the role of institutions, law, policy, networks, successfully undermine the science communication climate emergen- continue to be a major force Machine intelligence supporting cy – if developed leadership and mental models for dealing with urgent work of the EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet responsibly. Galaz, V. sustainability science societal challenges. Read more on page 22. and Health. This study is only the beginning of a larg- The Conversation. shaping the trajectories of 23 April 2020. It has become increasingly clear that machine intel- er ambition to further explore how digital media and our living planet” ligence not only has practical applications, but also machine intelligence automation affect the diffusion Machine augmented misinformation [2] could help augment the capacity of the sustainability of misinformation, sense-making and opinions about Arthur, W. B. 2020. The speed and scope of climate, environmental, sciences to make sense of data and improve modelling. Another noteworthy product of our work was pub- critical global challenges. Beijer Discussion technological and socio-economic change pose serious This point was made by W. Brian Arthur during his visit lished in the prominent medical journal The Lancet. Paper 269: Algo- challenges to the problem-solving capacities of norms, in Stockholm and is now eloquently summarised in a The paper is one of the outcomes of our collaborative rithms and the shift Looking ahead in modern science. institutions and legal systems world-wide. This is exac- Beijer Discussion paper2. As part of this general am- work following from our workshops at Princeton about Beijer Discussion erbated by the fact that, due to globalisation and tech- bition, the programme has helped organise lectures artificial intelligence, complexity and the biosphere. Our work of creating strong international partnerships Paper Series. nological change, the world can be viewed as increas- and workshops exploring how machine intelligence In this particular stream of work, we try to advance through international workshops and seminars, ex- ingly shaped by the behaviour of complex systems. This approaches such as “deep learning” could help analyse our understanding of how a rapidly changing and au- perimenting with machine intelligence methods for [3] Galaz, V. (editor) includes: emergence, connectivity, surprise, non-linear social-ecological data in new ways. tomated media landscape affects people’s ability to social-ecological research and advancing pilot research 2019. Global Chal- changes and poorly understood interactions across re- Read more: www.aipeopleplanet.earth make sense of and respond to planetary change. Digi- projects at the interface between our changing planet, lenges, Complexity, gions and sectors in society. Hence, we face not only tal media, especially social media, plays a fundamental technological change, economics and governance will and Governance: Applications and unprecedented climatic and ecological conditions, but The programme and its activities have also led to nu- role by supporting the global exchange of information continue in the next year. We look forward to sharing Frontiers. Edward also the influence of increasingly machine intelligence merous publications that explore this area of research. and debate. The participatory aspects of social media novel insights and inspiring new research and innova- Elgar Publishing, autonomous systems with the ability to create new At the end of 2019, the edited volume Global Challeng- give it a central role in shaping individual attitudes, tion, both within and outside academia, as the Govern- Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, connections between the social, the ecological and the es, Governance, and Complexity: Applications and Fron- feelings and behaviours, and organising social mobi- ance, technology and complexity programme contin- USA. technological. tiers was published by Edward Elgar (UK/US)3. This vol- lisation and protests. However, this new digital infor- ues to develop.

14 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Research programmes Research programmes Annual report 19/20 15 Programme director Research programmes Johan Colding

environmental gains deriving from city compaction. Activities [5] Project results showed that up to 37% of semi-natural Gren, Å., and E. An- Until the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the pro- dersson. 2018. Being areas in Stockholm County will be affected by current Urban social- gramme was engaged in several workshops and sem- efficient and green urban expansion plans5. Focusing on the effects on by rethinking the inars. Programme director Johan Colding presented urban-rural divide— pollination potential, the authors showed that urban the Beijer Institute’s urban research at a Sustainability Combining urban expansion indirectly affects food production and bio- expansion and ecological systems Research Day in October 2019, organised by KTH Royal food production by diversity. Institute of Technology. He summarised almost twenty integrating an eco- A related paper in Spatial Economic Analysis (al- years of research in a presentation entitled “The Stock- system service per- though outside this project) examined ways of valuing spective into urban The world is urbanising at an unprecedented rate. Cities currently account for holm Approach”. The event attracted a large number biodiversity and resilience, with the focus on pollinator planning. Sustainable of policymakers and prominent urban development Cities and Society around 70% of both global energy use and global greenhouse gas emissions, and diversity in the Stockholm region6. scholars. 40:75–82. In addition, the project demonstrated that densifi- contribute to environmental degradation on a global scale. The highest rates of Åsa Gren and Johan Colding were also invited speak- cation in the Stockholm municipality is currently tak- urban growth are in regions that were previously relatively undisturbed by ers at the event “The future of Nordic Cities”, organised [6] ing place in already densely built-up areas, in attractive Engström, G., Å. by the Nordic Council of Ministers, Stockholm Resil- urban development. residential neighbourhoods7. As policy advice, project Gren, C.-Z. Li, and C. ience Centre and the University of Gävle, in conjunction K. B. Krishnamurthy. researchers propose that policymakers abandon the with the 21 meeting of the UN Framework Convention Valuing biodiversity current multi-functionality approach to use of space, st and resilience: An on Climate Change (COP 21), in December 2019. also applied to public parks. They also point out that application to polli- [1] The Covid-19 pandemic demonstrated how vulner- authors discuss how systems that draw on electricity Åsa Gren was invited expert at a February work- nator diversity in the the ongoing densification is resulting in increased pri- Samuelsson, K., S. able our societies are to disturbance. Despite warn- are easily perturbed, as seen during Hurricane Katri- shop at FORMAS on development of a strategy for Stockholm region. Barthel, J. Colding, vatisation of public urban space8. Spatial Economic G. Macassa, and M. ings by epidemiologists that a new virus would na, the Hengchun earthquake and the failure of New identifying research issues in the context of biodiver- Analysis. In press. Giusti. 2020. Urban emerge sooner or later, most countries were bad- York’s information and communications technology sity and climate change, where scientific compilations nature as a source of resilience during ly prepared and taken by surprise. Suffice it to say, (ICT) networks during Hurricane Sandy. The authors Flooding after Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. In several pro- are required. [7] social distancing 2020 has been a strange year. suggest that planning for redundancy is a fundamen- jects programme research investigate ways to minimise negative Overall, it has indeed been both a productive and Engström, G., and amidst the coro- tal resilience principle in order to survive critical ICT effects of extreme events. memorably strange year! Å. Gren. 2017. Cap- navirus pandemic. turing the value OSF Preprints. The pandemic highlights the need for system failures. Such redundancy could involve simple of green space in osf.io/3wx5a" osf. solutions such as co-provision of analogue solutions urban parks in a io/3wx5a urban green space sustainable urban that can kick in during times of digital failure. planning and design Researchers and activities linked to this programme context: pros and [2] have lately been forced to focus on solitary tasks. This cons of hedonic pric- Colding, J., M. Cold- Psychological obstacles to acting on facts ing. Ecology and ing, and S. Barthel. has seen the completion of a number of studies and Society 22(2):21. 2020. Applying the initiation of new studies, one of which centres on According to human geographer Mike Hulme, we need seven resilience prin- the Covid-19 pandemic. In a forthcoming publication to abandon the idea of designing sustainability targets ciples on the vision [8] of the Digital City. in Landscape and Urban Planning Johan Colding and that works for everyone. Hulme claims that empirical Colding, J., Å. Gren, Cities 103:102761. colleagues from Stockholm Resilience Centre and the data alone will never result in policies that combat cli- and S. Barthel. 2020. The Incremental University of Gävle show the value of urban green mate change. He argues that climate change action can Demise of Urban [3] spaces for reducing stress, promoting health and en- be driven equally well by “meta-narratives”, i.e. narra- Green Spaces. Land Holmgren, M., A. abling social distancing during the extraordinary cir- tives of historical meaning, experience or knowledge 9(5):162. Kabanshi, L. Lange- borg, S. Barthel, J. cumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic1. The authors that embody people’s beliefs about the past, present Colding, O. Eriksson, argue for general resilience planning through main- and future. and P. Sörqvist. 2019. Deceptive sustaina- taining urban green areas. Hulme’s argument is supported by two recent bility: Cognitive bias studies3-4 co-authored by programme director Johan in people's judgment Colding. Drawing on environmental psychology, these of the benefits of “Planning for redundancy CO2 emission cuts. studies demonstrate, through experiments, that cog- Journal of Environ- is a fundamental resilience nitive barriers make it difficult for people to interpret mental Psychology climate facts correctly and then adopt more pro-en- 64:48-55. principle in order to survive vironmental behaviours. Hence, we need to develop complementary approaches that can induce collective [4] critical ICT system failures” Sörqvist, P., J. Cold- action more broadly in society. ing, and J. Marsh. Psychological obstacles to the efficacy Including resilience in smart city planning Pros and cons of city compaction of environmental footprint tools. Envi- The pogramme’s work in closely monitoring smart city The research project Analysing the environmental ra- ronmental Research development has resulted in two new publications. tionale for city compaction in the Stockholm region, Letters. In press. In one of these, the authors applied seven resilience based on a grant from Stockholm University and principles in analysis of smart city designs and showed Stockholm County Council, ended in December 2019. that city digitalisation presents new risks that need The overall aim of this project was to gain knowledge to be accounted for in greater detail than is current- about the environmental pros and cons of city com- ly the case2. These resilience principles were originally paction and its implications for urban planning in the developed by Berkes et al. (2003) and later refined by Stockholm region. Biggs et al. (2015). While the digitalisation of city in- The project revealed poor agreement on how ur- frastructures and services yields many benefits, the ban density is measured and a lack of evidence on the

16 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Research programmes Research programmes Annual report 19/20 17 In the Anthropocene, extreme weather and geopo- [1] Anthropocene litical events interact with the dynamics of the food Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, P.J.G. Hen- Topics – the age of mankind system, and can spill over multiple sectors and cause riksson, K. Malmros, synchronous challenges that rapidly move across coun- M. Troell, A. Zorzet, and the Living with tries and regions. Understanding such complex dynam- Resistance Project. Some areas of research at the Beijer in- The recent major expansion of the human dimension ics was the focus of an earlier Beijer Institute research 2020. Coevolutionary into the Anthropocene - the age of humankind - has programme on Global Dynamics, Multiple Shocks, and Governance of Anti- stitute are conducted outside the research biotic and Pesticide resulted in a highly interconnected world linking peo- Resilience. It generated much new research, inspired Resistance. Trends in programmes. This may occur for instance when ple and places with the planet in new ways. The global research programmes and created new insights. Ecology and Evolu- the research is relevant for several research pro- economy, societies and cultures are embedded in the tion 35:484-494. grammes or is in the form of early investigations into a biosphere. Social conditions, health, culture, democ- Risk in the Anthropocene racy, power, justice, inequity, matters of security and [2] new field that may develop into a research programme in the future. To highlight Keys, P., V. Galaz, M. even survival are interwoven with the Earth system During the past year alone, the intertwined dynamics Dyer, N. Matthews, these and how they fit within our general research agenda, they have been collect- and its biosphere in a complex interplay of local, re- have been exemplified by work on the rise of antibiot- C. Folke, M. Nyström, gional and worldwide interactions and dependencies. ic and pesticide resistance and associated governance and S. Cornell. 2019. ed under the section Topics. Anthropocene Risk. challenges, published in Trends in Ecology and Evolu- Nature Sustainability tion1, and in development of a new concept denoted 2:667-673. [1] the outcome also depends on how resource users value Growing population with a growing impact Anthropocene Risk, presented in the journal Nature Crépin, A.-S. 2019. Biosphere economics what they have today, compared with what they may Complexity, resil- In the Anthropocene, the human population and its ac- Sustainability2. Anthropocene Risk integrates risks [3] have in the future2. They found that if users are impa- ience and economics. tivities have accelerated to become the dominant force that emerge from human-driven processes; that in- Nyström, M., Pages 166-187 in V. The Beijer Institute is constantly seeking to promote tient or particularly vulnerable because they have diffi- J.-B. Jouffray, A. Galaz, editor: Global shaping the dynamics of the biosphere and the Earth teract with global human-environment connectivity; a deeper understanding of the interplay between eco- culties fulfilling basic needs, the best they can do is to Norström, P.S. Challenges, Govern- system as a whole. The speed, spread and connectivity and that exhibit complex interactions from the local to Jørgensen, V. Galaz, ance, and Complexi- logical systems and social and economic development, exploit the resource more fully. Their analysis suggests of the human dimension is unprecedented. Humanity the global and through time. Such risks are exemplified B.E. Crona, S.R. ty: Applications and a question which is permeating all our research pro- that appropriately dealing with resource users' time Carpenter, and C. Frontiers. Edward and our actions now constitute the major force in the by moisture recycling connections between nations, grammes. Grasping how the economy interplays with preferences will be important in ensuring sustainable Folke. 2019. Anatomy Elgar Publishing, evolution of life on Earth. aquaculture and stranded assets, and sea-level rise and and Resilience of the Cheltenham, UK, nature’s complexity is essential to this understanding. resource use. Existing as part of the biosphere means that the megacities. Global Production Northampton, MA, In particular, in the past year we have focused on inves- Ecosystem. Nature USA. environment is not outside the economy or society, The rapid global spread of the recent coronavirus 575:98-108. tigating how economic interests interact with poten- Land and water resources or a driver to be accounted for at will, but rather the pandemic has exposed the fragility of the tightly in- tial ecosystem regime shifts, the water cycle, and inter- [2] very foundation that civilisations exist within and rely terconnected globalised world of the Anthropocene. twined global environmental problems. In addition, the Anne-Sophie Crépin participates in a SESYNC project [4] Arvaniti, M., A.-S. upon. Therefore, our research at the Beijer Institute is This fragility was analysed in an invited paper in Na- Herrfahrdt-Pähle, Crépin, and C. K. B. Behaviour, Economics and Nature (BEN) Programme is Advancing integrated process-based modelling of com- based on the understanding that the economy is em- ture as part of its 150-year anniversary collection3. In E., M. Schlüter, P. Krishnamurthy. 2019. studying how nature’s complexity influences human plex socio-environmental systems, with the aim of im- Olsson, C. Folke, Time-consistent re- bedded in the biosphere, and that the global economy the paper, Nyström et al. showed that simplified eco- behaviour and is influenced by it. Understanding eco- proving decision support for policy makers who deal S. Gelcich, and C. source management operates within planetary boundaries of the Earth sys- systems, modified for the production of one or a few Pahl-Wostl. 2020. with regime shifts. nomic dynamics is key in designing public policies that with land and water resources. Current decision sup- Sustainability tem and the new realities of the Anthropocene. harvestable species, combined with tight couplings to CER-ETH Economics are successful in actually achieving their goals and in port focuses on each aspect separately, but all aspects Transformations: So- working paper series international markets and urban areas, have produced cio-Political Shocks gaining social acceptance and respect. are intertwined, which means current decisions are 19/329. Center of a global production ecosystem that is homogenous, as Opportunities Economic Research, based on partial and biased information. The project for Governance ETH Zurich, Swit- highly connected and characterised by low resilience. will deliver comprehensive integrated models of eco- Transitions. Global zerland Economic dimensions of regime shifts This enables novel and pervasive risks to emerge, in- Environmental systems, hydrology and economics that also incorpo- teract and spread in contagious ways. Change 63:102097. The policy implications of ecosystem regime shifts, a rate relevant thresholds. core topic of Beijer Institute research for many years, During the past year, Anne-Sophie Crépin has start- [5] have been difficult to determine to date, because many ed new collaborations with hydrologists to improve Futures in a new epoch Jørgensen, P.S., C. (but not all) economic policies need to be substantially methods for integrating atmospheric moisture into Folke, and S.C. Car- Crises can also open up windows of opportunity for roll. 2019. Evolution adapted for resources or ecosystems that can undergo a transport modelling and economics. She is also col- societal shifts and tipping points for transformative in the Anthropocene: regime shift, compared with policies designed for sys- laborating with Juan Carlos Rocha (SRC) to model cas- Informing Govern- change towards sustainable futures, as illustrated in a tems that do not shift. Beijer Institute researchers are cading regime shifts in resource and pollution systems ance and Policy. paper in Global Environmental Change analysing polit- Annual Review of helping to generate a more synthesised understand- and their implications for policy. ical shocks and governance transitions4. Ecology, Evolution ing of this evolving topic. In particular, Anne-Sophie and Systematics 50: Evolution in the Anthropocene is another rapidly Crépin considered the role of economics in approach- 527-546. Integrated assessment models of global developing area in which the Beijer Institute is engaged. ing seven resilience principles (from Biggs et al. 2015) We are studying how people and planet co-evolve. A re- and suggests adding two more principles related to environmental problems [6] view of human-driven evolution in the Anthropocene Folke, C. et al. 2020. managing strategic decisions and property rights, be- Ongoing research in this area has primarily been con- biosphere, published in 2019, highlighted strategies for Beijer Discussion Pa- cause of their key role in economic dynamics, which is cerned with extending standard climate-economy per 272: Our Future governing such co-evolutionary dynamics5. likely to influence social-ecological system resilience1. integrated assessment models to capture additional in the Anthropocene Finally, ‘Our Future in the Anthropocene Biosphere’, Biosphere: Global Given the large uncertainties surrounding future environmental processes and problems. The research serving as a background document for the first Nobel sustainability and developments of these ecosystems, a recurring ques- methods employed include a variety of modelling ap- resilient socie- Prize Summit on Global Sustainability in spring 2021, has tion is whether or not policies should be more precau- proaches, using static, dynamic and stochastic general ties. Beijer Discus- been published in the Beijer Discussion Paper series6. sion Paper Series. tionary. The answer appears to depend on many dif- equilibrium frameworks of the economy-environment ferent aspects: whether people can influence the risk interaction. Much of this research has been conduct- of a regime shift occurring, the impact of the shift, the ed within the project Global biophysical processes for possibility of slowly changing dynamics and more. Bei- climate-economy modelling, which is described in more jer researchers and colleagues have now shown that detail on page 20.

18 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Topics Topics Annual report 19/20 19 laboration at the Beijer Institute, with Åsa Gren, who The economics of provided the necessary ecological input, and Chuan- planetary boundaries Zhong Li, who has previous experience of working on the topic from an economics perspective.

Last year was the tenth anniversary of the planetary Carbon pricing and planetary boundaries boundaries framework, a concept that presents a set of nine planetary boundaries within which humanity Second, we are now awaiting a final revision of a pa- can continue to develop and thrive (first developed by per entitled ‘Carbon pricing and Planetary Boundaries’ Rockström et al., 2009). Despite having become a central inspired by the overarching research objective of our conceptual framework when considering how human project. The paper assesses how the principal drivers of activities interact with large-scale Earth system pro- the planetary boundaries would be affected by a global cesses, our understanding still falls short when it comes carbon pricing policy. In particular, we make the point to shaping underlying processes and drivers in order that the common notion of climate change mitigation to avoid catastrophic outcomes. In particular, it seems as a matter of “applying the brakes” to greenhouse gas crucial to gain a better understanding of how this plan- emissions may falter with a multi-boundary perspec- etary-scale change will affect human civilisation and its tive, as it may inadvertently redirect economic activi- underlying economic development, and to design glob- ties in ways that exacerbate other planetary processes. al-scale policies in order for humans to flourish. In the paper, we explore the global environmental effects of a global carbon price, beyond reducing carbon emissions, by building an integrated global economic “Our understanding still falls short model featuring the most prominent planetary bound- The figure summarizes some of the results from the research paper titled ‘Carbon pricing ary processes. The model has been carefully parame- and Planetary Boundaries’. The arrows indicate the change in planetary pressure which would result from a global carbon price increase. Outward (inward) pointing arrows when it comes to shaping underlying terised using estimates from the literature and relia- indicate an increasing (decreasing) planetary pressure. The numbers are based on our ble data sources on global trade. Using this model, we model simulation output for a 1% increase in the global carbon price. processes and drivers in order to avoid show that the case for carbon pricing globally is actu- catastrophic outcomes” ally even stronger in a multi-boundary world, since it can ameliorate many other planetary pressures (apart from climate change). However, it does exacerbate some planetary pressures (land use and water), largely as a consequence of a resulting increase in the incen- [1] These reflections guided a team of Beijer research- tive to produce biofuel. On extending the model with a Engström, G., Å. ers in our four-year research project entitled Global Gren, C.-Z. Li, and biofuel policy, we show that, if implemented together bio-physical processes in climate economy modelling, C.K.B. Krishnamurthy. with a global carbon price, it can alleviate all the plan- Valuing biodiversity which is now coming to an end. The project provided and resilience: An etary pressures. application to polli- funding to Gustav Engström, Johan Gars and Chandra Kiran Krishnamurthy through the Ragnar Söderberg nator diversity in the Stockholm region. foundation. This funding allowed the team to host two Spatial Economic Analysis. In press. workshops on the topic, which involved a transdisciplinary group of international researchers. This has led to several research papers, describing work pursued both jointly and independently throughout the project period. The past year in particular has been exciting.

Valuation of biodiversity and resilience First, a paper on valuation of biodiversity and resilience was published in the journal Spatial Economics1. From the project start, the team realised that the role of biodiversity, a central planetary boundary process, was particularly difficult to include in the standard climate economy framework on which they relied for the analysis. The published paper can be seen as a first attempt to address this problem, by considering the example of diversity in pollination services in particular. The narrower scope of this example enabled them to scale down the broader and more difficult task of assessing the overall contribution of biodiversity to economic output. The results show that pollinator diversity can represent considerable general resilience value, due to variations in species traits and how different species respond to external factors. This research was a col-

20 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Topics Topics Annual report 19/20 21 Selected publications Selected publications Book: Global challenges, A more dynamic understanding governance, and complexity of human behaviour

It is clear that the world is facing major problems, but the Governing for emergence in social-ecological systems Ensuring a liveable planet and well-being for future gener- Expanding the view of behaviour solutions required to solve these problems have to embrace ations will require a major shift in human behaviour. This be- In a chapter in the book, Carl Folke describes, through a case- The authors continue by presenting relevant insights from so- the features of complex systems and the interconnectedness of havioural change is both one of the greatest challenges and one study approach, how systems of adaptive governance emerge cial, environmental and cultural psychology and from cultural society, the biosphere and technology. There is increasing in- of the greatest opportunities for sustainable development. In a and how they can transform governance towards biosphere sociology and sustainability science about the more ‘durable’ terest in integrating insights from the complexity sciences into paper published in the journal Nature Sustainability, researchers stewardship and sustainable futures. The chapter clearly illus- influences of different socio–cultural and biophysical contexts studies of governance and policy. In the book ‘Global Challenges, from the Beijer Institute and its close network of collaborators trates the dynamic interplay in complex adaptive systems be- on individuals, as well as their interactions with others and their Governance, and Complexity’, stemming from the Governance, suggest a new approach for conceptualising human behaviour tween the adaptive responses of the parts (or agents) and the environments. In their words, humans are ‘quasi-rational’, ‘en- technology and complexity programme at the Beijer Institute, to better explore potential pathways towards sustainability. emergent properties of the whole. Carl Folke identifies twelve culturated’ and ‘enearthed’. The term ‘enearthed’ is an original experts from a wide range of disciplines, including political At the core of this approach is an understanding that our be- critical dynamic processes in adaptive governance, and places contribution of the paper conveying that, irrespective of where sciences, law and economics, elaborate on important features of haviours shape, and are shaped by, the diverse contexts in which resilience thinking in this context, emphasising flexibility and we live and how we earn our living, we are embedded in the bio- complex adaptive systems and their connections to key govern- we live. These contexts include the specific moment in which we capacity for living with uncertainty and surprise. sphere and thus our actions and overall well-being intimately mental and political issues. make decisions, the diverse social and cultural groups of which depend on the biosphere. These features include complexity leadership, environmen- we are part, and the biophysical and ecological environments all The authors conclude with reflections on the implications for tal and sustainability challenges, the role of economics, poli- Complexity, resilience and economics around us. The authors argue that a complex adaptive systems policy design and research. They argue that utilising more real- cy-making, legal and social dimensions of systemic risks, and approach is critical as a basis for environmental governance. The complexity of the world in which we live generates chal- istic models of human behaviour with an emphasis on context, the effectiveness of polycentricity. lenges for policy design, with e.g. regime shifts, spatial varia- can improve policy design, but will require new research collab- Through exploring application of a complex systems lens to tions, teleconnections and missing institutions, to name a few. Why simplified models simply don’t fit orations. The specific lens that the paper provides may in fact important global challenges, the book, which is edited by pro- Economic research tends to address individual challenges or facilitate such novel collaborations. A complex adaptive systems gramme director Victor Galaz, offers key insights into success- The paper begins by highlighting that, although human behav- sometimes two or three in combination, but holistic perspec- approach can serve as a bridge enabling scholars in different ful governance in our changing world. It illustrates a number of iour is of profound significance for sustainability, the approach to tives are lacking. Resilience theory instead takes a holistic ap- fields, and even with contrasting perspectives on human action, theoretical and methodological approaches to help understand human behaviour in many fields remains reliant on overly sim- proach and has identified seven resilience principles relating to to engage in fertile cross-disciplinary dialogue around the inter- the role of decision-making, policies, institutions and networks plistic models of behaviour. The dominant view focuses exclu- managing diversity and redundancy, connectivity, slow variables face of human behaviour and sustainability. in navigating complexity. sively on individual responses to material incentives. However, and feedbacks, emergence and multiple regimes, learning, par- the authors argue that the role of broader contexts in shaping be- ticipation and polycentric governance. However, this approach haviour, and how behaviour continuously co-evolves with chang- often avoids analysing the additional complexity created by eco- ing local to global contexts, should also be taken into account. nomic incentives. The paper takes the reader on a journey from models of hu- In another chapter in the book, Anne-Sophie Crépin inves- man behaviour based on Homo economicus to models where tigates how the seven principles of resilience can be combined human behaviour is regarded as part of complex adaptive sys- with social-ecological systems thinking and economic theory to tems. During this journey, the paper invites the reader to reflect inform the design of economic policies for sustainable develop- on research insights underlying the recognition that people are ment. The analysis reveals areas where resilience thinking and diverse and intrinsically pro-social, do not always act on their economic theory could better inform each other and generate plans, and are generally not consistent optimisers. These recog- knew knowledge. In particular, combining both theories sug- nitions are based on the bulk of work to date in cognitive psy- gests that property rights and the strategic decisions of actors chology and behavioural economics. must be explicitly managed in addition to the seven principles, to ensure system resilience and sustain ecosystems services in social-ecological systems.

Reflections on writing process Galaz, V. (editor) 2019. Global Challenges, Complexity, and Governance: Appli- cations and Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, The paper came about through a unique and rewarding process. MA, USA. It would not have been possible without the BEN programme (see page 12), which allowed the core writing team and the other authors to meet and discuss ideas on several occasions. There was early agreement among the core writing team that the paper could act as the foundation for future BEN research. Therefore the priority was not to ‘get it out’ fast, but to take the time to carefully develop and shape the content. Seeds of this work originated from BEN workshops in 2014 and 2015 and from the PhD thesis of lead author Caroline Schill. Schill, C., J. M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, S. Polasky, J. C. Cárdenas, A.-S. The team hopes that the seeds sown with the paper will grow to Crépin, M. A. Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter. 2019. A more dynamic inform and inspire many new research collaborations in the future. understanding of human behaviour for the Anthropocene. Nature Sustainability 2:1075–1082.

22 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Selected publications Selected publications Annual report 19/20 23 Selected publications Selected publications Fuel for economic growth Algorithms and the shift in

The transition to sustained growth, which began with the Modelling the role of energy in the global economy Industrial Revolution, has not been universal. Many countries modern science The study goes on to build a multi-country macroeconomic around the world have remained stagnant or experienced only model with endogenous and directed technological progress. In limited growth throughout history and there are currently large this model, a number of countries grow by investing in phys- and growing differences in income per capita across countries, ical capital and research to improve productivity. Investments referred to as the Great Divergence. Using a macroeconom- in research in individual countries give positive spillovers by ic model, a study published in the Journal of Economic Theory improving the global state of knowledge about different types demonstrates that international competition for fossil fuel can of technology. Individual innovation efforts then draw on the help explain this divergence. international state of knowledge, creating positive spillovers be- The starting point of the study is the empirical observation tween innovation efforts in different countries. However, mak- that GDP and growth in GDP are larger in countries and times ing great advances in technological knowledge is assumed to be where a relatively large share of the energy supply is derived more costly, thus limiting the ability to benefit from the posi- from fossil fuel. While more fossil fuel use can generally be ex- tive spillovers. Furthermore, the model features an international pected in richer countries, it is not self-evident that the share of market for fossil fuel. fossil fuels should be larger. Two important empirically grounded assumptions in the “The work on this paper started from the observation that model are that energy is complementary to other inputs in pro- the role of energy had received surprisingly little attention in duction, implying that significant long-term growth requires macroeconomic research on growth, especially given the cen- increased energy use, and that it is easier to improve the pro- trality of the energy sector for climate change”, explains Beijer ductivity of fossil energy use than use of other energy sources. Institute researcher Johan Gars, co-author of the study together With these assumptions, the model gives rise to two interesting with Conny Olovsson at Sveriges Riksbank. “We therefore want- results: First, the discovery of fossil fuels was an important faced to study how energy availability may have contributed to the tor behind the Industrial Revolution. Second, international com- most important international patterns of growth.” petition for fossil fuel can help explain the Great Divergence. The implication behind the second result is that in order to benefit from the increased knowledge about energy technology, investments into domestic research must still be made. If international fossil fuel prices are determined by more advanced countries, such investments may not be profitable, since fossil fuels are too expensive. Hence, countries may be forced to use less efficient energy sources. A nautilus shell. Looking ahead In the 1600s, science shifted from being expressed in geometric between the pattern or structure created and the algorithm that Looking forward, it seems likely that the assumption that en- form to being expressed in terms of algebraic equations. In a created it. Algorithms are about context and formation and al- ergy is important for growth will continue to hold. However, Beijer Discussion Paper, Beijer associate Brian Arthur, Santa Fe gorithmic expression relates to the wider context of the system, recent rapid improvements in alternative, and less polluting, Institute, argues that a new shift is under way. Scientific thought whether local, global or external, a context that the system itself energy sources mean that fossil fuels may not be necessary in is expanding from being expressed in equations to being ex- changes and constantly re-forms. Complex adaptive systems the future. Hence growth, not least in currently poor countries, pressed in algorithms. Systems, whether physical, biological or also react to the context, or the overall pattern, in which they could become feasible even while achieving the significant glob- social, are rarely passive and fixed in structure, but constantly find themselves, and in doing so they modify that context. There al reductions in fossil fuel use required to limit climate change. changing, evolving and reforming, forming new structures on appear to be strong similarities between algorithms and com- Johan Gars believes the model can serve many other purposes: the way. In other words, they behave algorithmically. plex adaptive systems.

The international competition for fossile fuel can help explain the Great Divergence. “The model we develop in this work strikes a good balance be- Science has changed in the past century. It has become in- Algorithms bring a new world of possibilities, a new means of tween on the one hand including sever- creasingly curious about matters of formation. How did the expression for science to explore and explain. They show a world al important components, such as mul- brain evolve? How did continents form? By what steps did that is organic, contingent and alive. tiple energy sources, multiple countries language arise? How did multicellular organisms arise? Can a

and endogenous directed technological self-reproducing machine be constructed? Science has thus ex- Arthur, W.B. 2020. Beijer Discussion Paper 269: Algorithms and the shift in progress, and on the other hand being panded from deducing the implications of closed, given, formal modern science. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. compact and tractable. We believe that structures to exploring the implications of open, evolving, gen- these properties make the model well erative structures. suited for studying many other ques- The algorithmic system brings new problems within the tions about the role of energy in the reach of science, as it allows expression of event-driven process- global economy.” es. Closely aligned with complexity science, it allows formal expression in procedural sciences such as biology.

Gars, J. and C. Olovsson. 2019. Fuel for eco- Algorithms are instructions for constructing some form of nomic growth? Journal of Economic Theory structure, which feeds back to querying the algorithm that pro- 184:104941. duced it. It is possible to study formation through this feedback

24 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Selected publications Selected publications Annual report 19/20 25 Navigating the chaos of an incipient stress-reducing effects of interacting with nature are [2] well-established scientifically and access to nature can Engström, G., J. Gars, global cycle N. Jaakkola, T. Lin- also help people stay physically healthy, not least when A green pathway The Covid-19 pandemic is coinciding and interact- dahl, D. Spiro, and A. other forms of exercise are limited. The article also dis- van Benthem. 2020. ing with other systemic changes worldwide, such as Beijer Discussion cusses the critical role of urban nature in times of crisis, droughts and climate extremes, and social and po- Paper 271: What poli- an important area of research within the research pro- cies address both the litical conflicts. As people increasingly recognise the out of crisis? gramme Urban social-ecological systems. corona virus crisis unsustainability of the present tightly interconnected and the climate cri- world, more are arguing that the Covid-19 crisis could sis? Beijer Discussion Research related to Covid-19 Paper Series. be an opportunity to shift towards a more sustainable Governance in the shadow of extreme events Also accepted and equitable future with the help of green recovery for publication in This project explores extreme events such as floods, investment packages and new green deals. Environmental and [1] We are in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. This been gained on the complex dynamic behaviour of eco- fires and pandemic diseases that seem to be occurring Resource Economics. Under the lead of Beijer Fellow Brian Walker, several Folke, C. et al. 2020. is not surprising, as a pandemic of some sort has long logical and economic interactions. We have long been more frequently and with increasing force, and possi- Beijer Discussion Pa- Beijer Fellows have embarked on a project to develop been anticipated, with precursors such as HIV, avian in- investigating how slower and deeper changes interplay ble strategies for dealing with these events. Read more [3] per 272: Our Future a cohesive framework for understanding such dynam- in the Anthropocene fluenza and ebola. The current pandemic has exposed with abrupt and rapid changes, and how seemingly un- on page 29. Samuelsson, K., S. Biosphere: Global ic change, including the windows of opportunities for Barthel, J. Colding, the fragility of the tightly interconnected globalised related shocks influence economic performance, soci- sustainability and change that emerge during turbulent times. They have G. Macassa, and M. resilient socie- world of the Anthropocene, where humans and their etal development and sustainability. Giusti. 2020. Urban taken as their starting point the “adaptive cycle” of Covid-19 and the seafood challenge ties. Beijer Discus- activities have accelerated to become the dominant Consequently, it is not surprising that Beijer Insti- nature as a source sion Paper Series. systemic change, developed by the late Beijer Fellow of resilience during force shaping the dynamics of the biosphere and the tute researchers are in a good position to analyse the An international interdisciplinary scientific team has C.S. Holling. social distancing Earth system as a whole. The speed, spread and con- Covid-19 situation and its broader implications from a investigated Covid-19-related shocks and responses in amidst the coronavirus pandemic. nectivity of the human dimension is unprecedented in systems perspective. Below, we describe some current the seafood sector. Insights from the study have been OSF Preprints. osf. human history. and planned work of relevance for understanding and Policies to address both the Covid-19 crisis published as a preprint4, read more on page 10. io/3wx5a. acting on the pandemic, as part of building flexibili- and the climate crisis ty and resilience. On the Beijer website, we list recent Many countries have introduced unprecedented eco- [4] articles that provide an introduction to the dynamic Love, D. et al. 2020. nomic recovery packages to minimise the pending thinking important for understanding changes, both Emerging COVID-19 recession resulting from the economic shutdown to impacts, responses, incremental and abrupt, in this intertwined world. and lessons for prevent the spread of Covid-19. At the same time, there building resilience in are calls for governments to prioritise climate change the seafood system. “The current pandemic when designing economic stimulus packages. SocArXiv. osf.io/ preprints/socarxiv/ In this project, Beijer Institute economists together x8aew. has exposed the fragility of with colleagues in Sweden and the US are examining the tightly interconnected the long-term implications of various policy options, to identify: globalised world of the 1. Long-term climate impacts of economic recovery policies related to Covid-19 Anthropocene” 2. How long-term climate policies may impact on economic recovery post Covid-19. White Paper for the Nobel Prize Summit 2021 The main findings are that, among potential climate policies, labour-intensive green infrastructure – Our Planet, Our Future projects, planting trees and, in particular, pricing car- This paper, written by a team led by Carl Folke in bon coupled with reduced labour taxation boost eco- preparation for the Nobel Prize Summit in Washington nomic recovery2. Among coronavirus policies, those 2021, contrasts the hyper-connected globalised world supporting the services sector (leisure services like res- of today with transformation pathways towards global taurants and culture or professional services like tech- sustainable futures1. nology), education and the healthcare sector appear The challenges of achieving a resilient future are most promising, as these sectors are labour-intensive summarised, based on the contemporary threats of yet have low emissions. Such sectoral aid should be climate change, extreme events (including pandem- conditioned on creating employment and on low-car- ics), biodiversity loss and social inequality. This white bon supply chains. paper discusses alternative paths towards biosphere stewardship, ranging from technological change to so- The pandemic highlights the need for cial innovation and cultural shifts in beliefs and values, and how those relate to intertwined systems of people city green space Research at the Beijer Institute, with its systems and nature embedded in the biosphere. In times of social distancing, green areas in towns and focus, has a long tradition of analysing the dynamics The Nobel Prize Summit was planned for May 2020, cities are more important than ever. Ensuring access to of complex, adaptive and interacting social, economic but had to be postponed due to the Covid-19 pandemic. nature for the public should be a fundamental strat- and ecological systems. We have shown that econo- It is hosted by the Nobel Foundation and organised by egy of cities when coping with the Covid-19 crisis. In mies, societies and civilisations are embedded in the the US National Academy of Sciences, in partnership a preprint the authors points out that, during these biosphere, and that people and nature are intertwined with the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Re- extraordinary circumstances, urban green areas offer social-ecological systems now co-evolving and shaping search and Stockholm Resilience Centre, together with resilience for maintaining well-being in urban pop- the operation of the planet as a whole. Insights have the Beijer Institute. ulations, while still enabling social distancing3. The

26 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics A green pathway out of crisis? A green pathway out of crisis? Annual report 19/20 27 man and social capital, and distributing it equitably Enjoying breaks at across society. Triggers for such transformation could the Askö meeting 2019. Middle: Scott Barrett include incentives to change social norms; engage- The Askö meetings and Jason Shogren. ment of new actors, including businesses and NGOs, as Photos: Sofia Käll – bringing disciplines together for sustainable solutions agents of change; and design of new institutions, such as citizen assemblies, that foster pro-societal changes and stewardship. The key challenge is to align them in ways that are synergistic, persistent and amenable to [1] Since 1993, the Beijer Institute has organised an great responsibilities and also opportunities. Although cross-scale integration. Folke, C., H. Österb- annual meeting in September for informal discussions voluntary corporate responsibility so far has proven in- lom, J.-B. Jouffray, E. Lambin, M. Scheffer, between ecologists and economists at the Askö labora- effective, market concentration could be transformed B.I. Crona, M. tory (part of Stockholm University), at the small island into a positive force for sustainability, the authors Governance in the shadow of extreme events Nyström, et.al. 2019. of Askö in the Baltic Sea. The Askö meetings have gen- claim. They identify leverage points where these cor- Transnational Corpo- Extreme events like storms, flooding, wildfires and spe- rations and the Chal- erated unique cooperation between these disciplines, porations could have a positive impact on sustainabil- cies extinctions are increasing in magnitude, frequen- lenge of Biosphere which has now extended to other disciplines. Each ity, but add some possible caveats. Stewardship. Nature, cy and intensity, and may have compounding and cas- year, an exciting frontier issue is discussed, which gen- Ecology and Evolu- cading impacts. Society needs strategies for handling tion 3:1396–1403 erally results in a scientific paper, often published in a Group dynamics in the service and monitoring these extreme events and minimising leading scientific journal. their consequences. According to a forthcoming paper, [2] The past year has been very productive: we pub- of sustainability led by Simon Levin and based on the 2018 Askö meet- Barrett, S., A. lished two scientific articles resulting from previous In a study published in PNAS 2020, building on dis- Dasgupta, P. Das- ing, effective governance of extreme events requires Askö meetings and worked intensively on four more cussions from the Askö meeting in 2016, the team of gupta, W.N. Adger, J. careful assessments of the risks and benefits of re- Anderies et al. 2020. that we hope will be published soon. authors investigated how group dynamics can boost sponses and their interactions, and evaluations of how Social Dimensions of the quest for a more ecologically desirable environ- Fertility Behavior and various combinations of responses change the wealth ment2. Specifically, they considered two aspects of the Consumption Pat- Time for corporate biosphere stewardship? distribution. Then different infrastructures to predict terns in the Anthro- human enterprise that profoundly affect the planet: and respond to the risk should be established and ways pocene. Proceedings Influenced by the Keystone Dialogues and the SeaBOS population and consumption. By studying fertility of the National to coordinate responses across local, regional and glob- Initiative (see page 38), Askö participants in 2015 were patterns in sub-Saharan Africa and consumption in Academy of Sciences al levels should be designed. of the United States curious about whether transnational corporations also the rich world, the researchers found commonalities of America, USA 117: 6300-6307. play a dominant role in other sectors of the economy that can help spur actions to alleviate the human pres- and could thus influence the operation of the bio- sure on the biosphere. For consumption, the desire Overcoming uncertainty paralysis sphere. The meeting resulted in an article in Nature, for goods and services among individuals is substan- The ideas from an Askö meeting sometimes reap- Ecology and Evolution identifying a handful of transna- tially influenced by the tastes of people in their social pear years later for further analysis, as in the case of tional corporations that disproportionately influence networks and other groups to which they aspire. This a forthcoming paper initiated in 2009 at Askö and Migration and climate change the planet’s climate and ecosystem (see figure)1. The means that a strong need to consume can either be now in press3. It looks at how global environmental paper argues that such concentration of power brings encouraged or curbed by people’s surroundings. Sim- The Askö group of 2017 discussed ways in which climate change challenges humanity because of its broad scale, ilarly, having children is not only connected with a change can trigger new forms of migration, with signif- long-lasting and potentially irreversible consequenc- private desire to have a large family, but also with the icant associated social costs. People will have to move es. The authors argue that the right scientific lens can opportunity to acquire higher social status through re- permanently if they live in regions becoming too dry help penetrate the mist of uncertainty that threatens productive success. It is also associated with a range of or too warm for human survival, or where sea level rise timely and appropriate decisions surrounding these complex social, cultural and even religious aspects. threatens their livelihood. In other regions, they will complex issues. The key is understanding issues suf- Both examples demonstrate how bottom-up have to move at least temporarily because of extreme ficiently well to justify policy action. To this end, the social mechanisms, rather than top-down gov- weather events, which are increasing in magnitude and authors suggest four principles: 1) Follow the most di- ernment interventions, can be better placed frequency due to climate change. This adds econom- rect path between decisions and impacts, 2) find just to bring about positive change for the envi- ic or humanitarian concerns to the already complex enough evidence for policy purposes, 3) prioritise ob- ronment. According to the team of authors, migration situation. Yet migration can also facilitate vious, no-regrets policies and 4) get the big picture the fact that “human attitudes and prac- adaptation to climate change and a Beijer study seeks roughly right, rather than focusing on some details. tices are socially embedded suggests that to identify several ways of doing so. In particular, it fo- Based on available data, the figure illustrates it is possible for people to reduce their cuses on how coordinated policies can help realise the estimated levels of concentration for industries fertility rates and consumption demands benefits and minimise the costs of planned relocations shaping the biosphere. Concentration is meas- Steve Polasky and Kathleen Segerson on the boat to Askö. ured as, for example, proportion of profits or without experiencing a loss in wellbeing”. within national borders and internationally. sales, market share, exports, production, trade volumes or access to resource reserves. Earth stewardship Askö 2020 Illustration by Azote Ongoing global environmental change re- The Askö meeting 2020 will be different. Because of the quires efforts to transform society toward Covid-19 pandemic, it was decided early on to move the [3] sustainability. However, it is unclear what meeting online, a new experiment. This digital Askö Polasky, S., A.-S. would make such transformation success- meeting will focus on Responding to change in diverse Crépin, R. Biggs, S. R. Carpenter, C. Folke ful. A forthcoming paper, initiated at the Askö ways in social, economic, and ecological systems. As al- et al. Corridors of meeting in 2019, led by Terry Chapin, suggests ways, we look forward to interesting and creative dis- Clarity: Four Prin- that it should build on a shift in vision from cussions with the goal of learning from each other and ciples to Overcome Uncertainty Paralysis maximising material wealth to sustaining the in- combining our knowledge to trigger creative solutions in the Anthropocene. clusive wealth of nations, i.e. their built, natural, hu- to some of the most pressing problems of our time. BioScience. In press.

28 The Askö meetings Annual report 19/20 29 The Beijer Young Scholars

The Beijer Young Scholars (BYS) pro- in planning and organising. It was also Sustainable Development Goals 2019’ of quality, equal access to food and health, gramme was started in 2012 with the aim vital to have an experienced facilitator, the Swedish government research coun- and environmental impacts. of creating an international network of Conchi Piñeiro from Altekio, who helped cil for sustainable development (Formas). A third pre-study focusing on ine- early-career researchers and stimulating optimise online time and avoid some of This work was supported by a pre-propos- qualities in market power in palm oil emergence of new research paths and the pitfalls of virtual meetings. al grant secured in 2018. production developed a modelling frame- new ways of interdisciplinary collabora- Workshop participants decided to To identify and expand relevant re- work and created a dataset to test and tion on global sustainability topics. Con- develop a creative visualisation of al- search questions about potential syn- fit the model. And the fourth pre-study ducting collaborative, integrative and ternative scenarios of how the Covid-19 ergies and trade-offs between reducing developed a behavioural economics ex- interdisciplinary research is a time-con- pandemic might shape future patterns inequalities and biosphere-related SDGs, periment which was piloted with 120 suming endeavour that is not always well of social-ecological interaction, either several sub-groups worked on different students from the University of Exeter recognised in the academic incentives alleviating or deepening the multiple en- pre-studies focusing on different scales (UK), to test implications of inequalities system. One important aim of the BYS vironmental crises humanity faces today. (national, subnational, individual). The and social thresholds on cooperation and programme is to facilitate and provide Exploring multiple narratives and aca- group also held a stakeholder dialogue individual decision-making in natural re- space for such research. demic perspectives in different scenarios on methodological approaches and rele- source management contexts.

BYS3, virtual workshop 2020 “The outcomes will hopefully be For the third cohort of the Beijer Young BYS2 members during proposal writing workshop in Sweden Scholars (BYS3) Programme, 2020 is the useful to all, inside and outside December 2019. From left: second year. A second in-person work- academia, who are trying to predict Tracie Curry, Caroline Schill, shop bringing together the whole group Tom Chaigneau, Andrew Tilman was planned for May, but unfortunately the post-pandemic world” and Yolanda Lopez. Covid-19 made this impossible, so the Photo: Emilie Lindkvist group had to think of another strategy to spend time together and continue devel- can stimulate transdisciplinary debate on vant case studies with participants from oping joint projects. Although an online a topic that defies any simplistic attempt academia and NGOs at the XVII biennial workshop posed big logistic challenges, at forecasting. For BYS3, it will be a way International Association for the Study of given the wide time-zone differences to guide the internal dialogue and learn the Commons (IASC) conference in Lima, (from the Philippines to California), the from each other. Peru, in July 2019. decision was made to hold a three-day The outcomes will hopefully be useful In December 2019, ten BYS2 mem- online workshop in late May, but to nar- to all, inside and outside academia, who are bers met for a productive proposal writ- row down the huge topic of ‘globalisation trying to predict the post-pandemic world ing workshop in Stockholm. This laid and the biosphere’ with which BYS3 start- and devise ways to seize the moment to the foundations for the major proposal, ed last year. foster change towards sustainability. which continues to focus on identifying As the Covid-19 pandemic has domi- synergies and trade-offs between reduc- nated academic, policy and public debate BYS2 – Inequality and the ing inequalities (SDG 10) and safeguard- this year, it was considered an attractive ing the biosphere (SDGs 14 and 15). topic for the workshop, especially giv- Sustainable Development Goals Two of the four pre-studies were de- en its obvious relationship with various For the second cohort (2016-2018) of Bei- veloped into scientific papers. One (under dimensions of globalisation (including jer Young Scholars (BYS2), the past year submission) explores the relationships international travel and supply chains) was characterised by continued work on between prosperity, equality and the and sustainability issues (including wild- inequality and the biosphere. Reducing environment through an international life commerce and transportation GHG inequalities is one of the defining chal- comparison of representative indicators. emissions). Despite concern that this was lenges of our time, and has the potential The study shows that many developing quickly becoming an over-crowded topic to influence many other dimensions of countries have to bear disproportionate for academic commentary and research, sustainable development (see Selected burdens in achieving sustainability, due the group felt that the diverse expertise Publications in last year’s Annual Report). to continued structural inequities in the represented by BYS gave it a particularly However, the interactions between ine- global economy. strong and unique position to contrib- quality and biosphere-based Sustainable The other paper examines aquacul- ute to the conversation. From this en- Development Goals (SDGs) are poorly un- ture’s contribution to macro- and micro- thusiastic starting point, an agenda was derstood. nutrient availability in Indonesia. It designed jointly during quarterly online Concretely, the BYS2 group developed highlights the importance of seafood for Stakeholder dialogue in Lima, Peru meetings, which Elsa Ordway, Aleah Bow- and submitted a major research proposal human nutrition and the lack of corre- 2019, arranged by the BYS2 group. ie and Jamila Haider played a great role to the targeted call ‘Realising the global lation between food security, nutritional Photo: Yolanda Lopez.

30 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics The Beijer Young Scholars The Beijer Young Scholars Annual report 19/20 31 Science in society

Nobel Prize Summit 2021 er around 20 Nobel Laureates, plus leading scientists, policy- Training for transformational The first ever Nobel Prize Summit Our Planet, Our Future, which makers, business leaders and today’s youth leaders, to explore was originally planned for April-May 2020, has been postponed the question: What can be achieved in this decade to put the to spring 2021 because of the Covid-19 pandemic. The event is world on the path to a more sustainable and more prosperous being hosted by the Nobel Foundation and organised by the Na- future for all humanity? leadership tional Academy of Sciences (NAS) in partnership with the Pots- In October 2019, a Nobel Prize Summit preparatory workshop dam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), and Stockholm was organised by NAS and PIK in Potsdam, Germany. In Decem- Resilience Centre and the Beijer Institute. The Summit will pro- ber 2019, Beijer director Carl Folke gave a Nobel Prize Summit vide a world stage to discuss pathways to help ensure our com- lecture for the Nobel Foundation. A White Paper ‘Our future in mon future on a stable, resilient planet. the Anthropocene Biosphere’ serving as a basis for discussions at Two early-career Beijer researchers are currently members of at the last minute. However, within 48 hours the group organ- The Nobel Prize Summit will be held at the US National the meeting, has been published in the Beijer Discussion Papers The Postdoc Academy for Transformational Leadership, which is ised an online workshop at which it developed a Comment on Academy of Sciences in Washington D.C., and will bring togeth- Series (read more page 26). designed to train the next generation of leaders in sustainabil- leadership in sustainability science, based on members’ collec- ity and transformation research. It provides intensive high-end tive experiences and reflections on the programme, and, more training, with four seminars in two years that broaden research broadly, within academia. In a blog post and longer report, the competencies and promote qualifications in transdisciplinary group shares its experiences on how to create online workshops leadership. that are productive and also engaging, caring and entertaining. Caroline Schill is part of the programme’s first cohort (2018- Both Malin and Caroline are very pleased with the programme 2020), with the focus topic ‘Food Systems’, and Malin Jonell is and see great potential for future collaborations. “Through this part of the second cohort (2019-2021), with the focus topic ‘Scal- programme, we have the chance to connect with researchers in Planetary Boundaries framework ing Sustainability’. During the report period, Caroline attended our generational cohort, share and develop ideas, and identify the seminar ‘Transformative capacity and agency for people and future challenges and opportunities for our field”. 10 years on planet’ at SRC, while Malin attended the seminars ‘Transfor- In 2009, former Stockholm Resilience Centre director and Bei- mations in human-environment research: Mode and logics’ at jer Fellow Johan Rockström led a group of 28 internationally re- Humboldt University and ‘Transdisciplinary research environ- nowned scientists, including Beijer director Carl Folke, in efforts ments and transdisciplinary learning’ at Leuphana University. Blog post: to identify the nine processes that regulate the stability and re- Outbreaks, break-outs and break-times: Creating caring online workshops. The Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the first cohort’s fourth and Care Operative. Integration and Implementation Insights: Research resources for silience of the Earth system. The scientists proposed quantita- final seminar at DRIFT, planned for March 2020, was cancelled understanding and acting on complex real-world problems blog (i2insights.org), tive planetary boundaries within which humanity can continue 16 June 2020. to develop and thrive for generations to come. Crossing these

Longer report: boundaries increases the risk of generating large-scale abrupt The programme is an initiative of the Robert Bosch Foundation, The Care Operative. 2020. Collaborating with care in virtual sessions. or irreversible environmental changes. Since then, the planetary and is run jointly by the Foundation and Humboldt University of Open Science Foundation. Online: https://osf.io/c6mk8/ Berlin (Germany), Leuphana University of Lüneburg (Germany), boundaries framework has generated enormous interest within Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC; Sweden) and Dutch Research science, policy and practice. Institute for Transitions (DRIFT; the Netherlands). In a full-day seminar at the Royal Swedish Academy of Scienc- Line Gordon, director of Stockholm Resilience Centre, with her predecessor es on 1 October 2019, organised by Stockholm Resilience Centre Johan Rockström, now director of Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Members of the second cohort in Berlin, Germany, September 2019. and the Beijer Institute, Johan Rockström and co-author Will Ste- Research (PIK). Photo: Stockholm Resilience Centre. ffen shared their reflections on the development of the planetary boundaries framework with colleagues from the research community and beyond. The day, which included music and poetry reading, was filmed and is available at stockholmresilience.org.

Earth stewardship – a foundation for sustainability Volvo Environment Prize laureate, Terry Chapin (second from the right) In a public seminar in Stockholm on 6 November 2019, Beijer performed with folk music group and his wife Mimi (second from the left). Institute and Stockholm Resilience Centre researchers, together with the 2019 Volvo Environment Prize winner, Stuart “Terry” Chapin III, explored the concept ‘Earth Stewardship’, through Speakers: different perspectives, as a prerequisite for meeting the major Professor Terry Chapin (University of Alaska), Professor Carl Folke (Beijer Institute), Dr. Per Olsson and Dr. Maria Tengö (Stockholm Resilience Centre). environmental and social challenges of our time. ‘Earth Stewardship’ is a set of guiding principles on ecology Panel: Jamila Haider (Stockholm Resilience Centre), Patrik Henriksson and Caroline and ethics aimed at preserving biodiversity and the planetary life Schill (Beijer Institute). Moderator: Therese Lindahl (Beijer Institute). Co-organ- support system by acting responsibly. Beijer Fellow Terry Chap- ised with Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC) and the Volvo Environment Prize. in is a world-leading ecologist and one of the world’s most pro- Music by HärMedJämt. found thinkers and actors on stewardship of the Earth System.

32 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Training for transformational leadership Science in Society Annual report 19/20 33 Science in society Science in society

Science, business, finance High impact for research on Art collaborations Design students interpret research on Tipping Points For the fourth consecutive year, design students from Beckmans The fruitful collaboration with Swedish design firm Svenskt and the biosphere sustainable food and health School of Design in Stockholm visualised research carried out by Tenn continues. Through the Kjell and Märta Beijer Foundation, the Beijer Institute. This year the theme was ‘Tipping Points’ and Engagement by business and finance in sustainability, the cir- The search engine Altmetric tracks a unique range of on- Svenskt Tenn’s profits support research at the Beijer Institute the students received lectures and tutoring by the researchers, cular economy and the biosphere is growing, and there have line sources to capture conversations relating to research out- and in October 2019, the Beijer Institute hosted the 95th anni- from diverse viewpoints of this complex issue throughout their been interactions with e.g. banks, investors, and other financial puts, including media, blogs and social media (e.g. Twitter, versary of Svenskt Tenn, with presentations at Stockholm Uni- five-week course in visual communication. An exhibition in the actors in Sweden and internationally. This interest is reflected, Facebook). Altmetric tracks about 10 million research outputs versity and dinner at the Academy’s Club Villa. Stockholm store was due to open in March 2020, but has been for example, in the participants in the Executive Programme in annually from all research fields and produces a collection of postponed until September 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Resilience Thinking (for a list of participants, see page 39), for the Top 100 research papers in terms of media impact. The Exhibition: Welcome to the Biosphere which the Beijer director Carl Folke is scientific director. It is also EAT-Lancet publication Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lan- reflected in establishment of the Ecosperity Advisory Group by cet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems An exciting project during the year was the art exhibition ‘Wel- the investor Temasek, Singapore, for which Carl Folke is senior (highlighted in last year’s Annual Report), was impressively list- come to the Biosphere’. In an accessible, provocative and amus- advisor, and in an invitation to speak at a Via Summa Day of ed as number 18 in the world in 2019. By the end of 2019, the ing fashion, artists Lars Arrhenius and Eric Ericson interpreted portfolio investors for the sustainability investor Summa Equity publication was covered in 510 news stories in more than 350 Beijer Institute research and perspectives on the Anthropocene in Stockholm in September. There is close collaboration with the different outlets and had an online score of close to 4700. challenge and the role of humans as the major driver of bio- Academy’s GEDB programme on finance and the biosphere. sphere dynamics. The exhibition opened at Svenskt Tenn on 22 August 2019 and closed in late October 2019. Institute researchers presented their research and discussed it with the artists. They were also involved in the inauguration and in dialogue with invited guests, and held presentations for Svenskt Tenn employees during the exhibition period. Sadly, the artist Lars Arrhenius passed away in April 2020, at Swedish Environmental Green tax shifting for improved the age of 53. Educated at the Royal Institute of Art, Sweden, and the Rijksakademie, the Netherlands, Lars was an internationally Protection Agency land use in Sweden renowned artist, represented for example at the National and Modern Museums in Stockholm, Stedelijk Museum in Amster- Deputy director Anne-Sophie Crépin is a board member of the Anne-Sophie Crépin contributed to compilation of articles pro- dam and the Victoria & Albert museum in London. He was deep- Environmental Research Council of the Swedish Environmental posing potential areas for green tax shifting. Her contribution ly engaged in the climate issue, which was reflected in many of Protection Agency (Naturvårdsverkets miljöforskningsråd), since builds on the joint use of the Sustainable Development Goals his art works, and was one of the founders of ‘Artists for Future’, 2018. As such she provides advice to the Agency regarding rel- (SDGs), the planetary boundaries framework and the Swedish The late artist Lars Arrhenius with fellow artist Eric Ericson together regularly striking on Fridays with the youth movement ‘Fridays evant topics, design of research calls and evaluation processes environmental goals as a foundation to identify priority areas with Beijer director Carl Folke, Svenskt Tenn curator Karin Södergren and for Future’. CEO of Svenskt Tenn, Maria Veerasamy. relating to selection of appropriate applied projects that require for green taxes of particular relevance for Sweden. She identi- substantial stakeholder involvement and with outputs directly fies land use and CO2 emissions as areas that seem particular- useful to the Agency’s policy work. ly fit for green tax shifting, because they are relatively easy to tax, can be potentially cost-efficient and have good potential to improve the environment and generate synergies. She also discusses more specifically how a land-use tax could be designed to this end. For more information in Swedish, see https://fores.se/ gron-skattevaxling-publikation/.

Monaco Blue Initiative The Monaco Blue Initiative is a platform for discussion co-organised by the Monaco Oceanographic Institute and the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, launched in 2010 on the initiative of HSH Prince Albert II of Monaco. The event provides a valuable framework for fostering discussions between business, scientific representatives and policy makers, and for analysing and highlighting possible synergies between protection of the marine environment and socio-economic development. Carl Folke was invited to the Monaco Blue Initiative - 11th Edition, where he was part of the panel of the online workshop “How can the Blue Economy and sustainable management of the ocean in the fields of tourism, transport, energy, fishing and aquaculture be combined?”, held in June 2020. He is also a member of the Monaco Ocean Science Federation, a platform of ocean sciences on European scale, which aims to bring the challenges of knowledge and sustainable management of the oceans to the attention of decision makers and the public.

34 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Science in society Science in society Annual report 19/20 35 Science in society Science in society

All three recommendations are based on a review of 17 pol- Central banks and climate change Changing eating habits icy instruments that operate through either knowledge and The Beijer Institute co-organised the first official speech by the In Sweden, food generates 15% of consumption-based green- support, changed relative prices or regulation. The report was Central Bank of Sweden’s new deputy general, Anna Breman, house gas emissions. With 51% of the population currently a collaboration between Mistra Sustainable Consumption, SLU on 3 March in Stockholm. In her speech, Anna Breman empha- overweight, many common diseases and causes of death are Future Food, the Beijer Institute, Chalmers and CeCAR/Gothen- sised that the bank must fully incorporate the risk of irreversible food-related. Two Swedish reports published in spring 2020 re- burg University. regime shifts in the climate system and act accordingly. “The view methods for steering food consumption in a more sustain- Central Bank, together with other institutions, has to apply pol- able direction. Both advocate a change in focus from consumers Balancing hard and soft measures to reduce icies that aim at avoiding such regime shifts. If we pass critical to instruments that target the retail and food industry, and also tipping points, we have to be humble and recognise that the increased action from the government. meat consumption Bank has limited means of action”, she said. She also presented The second report, commissioned by the Swedish Consumer key measures that the Central Bank could use to mitigate the Recommendations to speed up the transition Agency and written by Therese Lindahl and Malin Jonell, focuses effects of climate change, but also how it can act to prevent it on methods for reducing consumption of animal-based foods, escalating. Putting a price on CO2 needs to be a priority for soci- The first report identifies what public actors in Sweden can do especially red meat, given its negative environmental impact ety, she claimed, pointing to a study showing that a high tax on right away to promote positive development. The authors, in- and potentially negative health effects. CO2 emissions is a cheap measure, while the losses for society cluding Beijer Institute researchers Malin Jonell and Therese Among the measures identified as most effective, but also are higher with a low carbon tax. Co-organisers were the Royal Lindahl, provide three recommendations for public actors in or- more challenging to implement, are economic instruments such Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm Environment Institute, Beijer Institute programme director Victor Galaz and Anna Breman, der to increase the pace of the transition to a more sustainable as a carbon tax on food and choice restrictions in the retail and Stockholm Resilience Centre and Stockholm School of Business. deputy general of the Central Bank of Sweden. Photo: Agneta Sundin food system: 1) Intensify public sector work; 2) develop national restaurant sectors. The drawback is that the risk of public re- goals for sustainable food consumption; and 3) develop and in- sistance is relatively high and restaurants and stores risk losing troduce effective and attractive policy packages, since individual market share and customers. instruments usually have a relatively weak effect. Packages of instruments together can balance conflicts of aims and reduce the conflict between effectiveness and acceptance.

Swedish-US initiative on AI and sustainability Representatives from U.S. and Swedish academia, the Swed- (Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies) and ish government, Google, Ericsson, USAID and two UN agen- Stockholm Resilience Centre. cies (UNDP and UN Global Pulse) met on 15 October 2019 at the Project members see a need for serious discussion across ac- Swedish Ambassador’s Residence in New York to explore how ademia, civil society, policy and business about how AI can help application of artificial intelligence (AI) can help achieve targets expand our planetary support systems (climate stability, biodi- related to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The event versity and living oceans), to prevent AI technologies instead marked the beginning of a new initiative, AI, People and the leading to accelerated climate and ecological disruption. Planet, coordinated by the Beijer Institute, Princeton University Read more: aipeopleplanet.earth

36 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Science in society Science in society Annual report 19/20 37

Science in society

The SeaBOS initiative was set in motion in 2016 as a result The SeaBOS initiative of the first keystone dialogue. Since then, some 270 meetings have been held, including seven as CEO Keystone Dialogues and Collaborations moving forward Working Meetings in which high representatives from all com- “SeaBOS serves as the model, and ocean stewardship is the way panies participate. forward”. Such statements are becoming increasingly common Progress includes a shift in focus among the corporations Fundamental Research in Biosphere-based by many striving for sustainable oceans. The Seafood Business from seeing themselves as producers of seafood to producing Sustainability Science) from the Marianne for Ocean Stewardship, or SeaBOS, is a global science-business seafood in a sustainable manner, and on to becoming active The Global Economic Stockholm and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation is pro- initiative created by Stockholm Resilience Centre in collabora- stewards of healthy oceans as a prerequisite for producing sus- Dynamics and the gressing well, strengthening and extend- tion with the Beijer Institute and the GEDB programme of the tainable seafood. Resilience Centre ing the collaboration between the Beijer Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. There have been two major meetings during the period. The Biosphere (GEDB) Institute, SRC and Stanford University. The SeaBOS is the result of a science-based identification of ‘key- first, the Phuket Dialogue in Thailand in September 2019, was grants provide a research platform for the stone actors’ in global seafood, published in 2015. Keystone ac- the 4th Keystone Dialogue, hosted by Thai Union and CP Foods. Academy Programme The close collaboration with Stockholm development of new theory, analysis and tors represent a central phenomenon of the Anthropocene - a The second, a Working Meeting originally planned for Stock- Resilience Centre (SRC) continues to be synthesis on stewardship of natural capital handful of corporations that connect the global economy across holm, was held online in May 2020 due to the pandemic. This very productive, with multiple syner- and the biosphere, for social-ecological re- the planet and influence the dynamics of the biosphere. The ini- worked well, and allowed more staff from the different corpo- gies and benefits through joint projects, silience, human wellbeing and sustainabil- With renewed funding from 2019, GEDB tiative engages, at CEO level, ten of the world’s largest commer- rations to participate. Now, the task forces are proposing com- grants, workshops and publications. SRC ity. They draw on the long legacy of Beijer continued its successful work, focusing cial seafood corporations, including wild catch, aquaculture and mitments, concrete actions and schedules for moving forward, researchers are engaged in the Beijer’s re- collaborations with Stanford researchers on two broad areas of research. The first, feed production, with companies based in Europe, North Amer- proposals which will be on the table for executive decisions at search programmes on Urban social-eco- and also on new collaborations with the Biosphere Finance, studies finance and ica and Asia. the 5th Keystone Dialogue, in October 2020. logical systems, Sustainable seafood, BEN, Beijer/GEDB/SRC cluster. Carl Folke and capital markets linked to the latest re- The aim of the SeaBOS initiative is to stimulate industry SeaBOS partnerships with other organisations and networks and Complexity, technology and govern- Gretchen Daily serve as project leaders. search on planet Earth as a system. With leadership for ocean stewardship in accordance with best avail- have been established. Furthermore, the science-business ini- ance. Beijer researchers are leaders and this combination, there are new opportu- able science. The initiative uses a transdisciplinary approach tiative involves many other organisations and networks. These participants in the themes and streams nities for progressive social development Executive programme in of adaptive, learning-based collaboration on responsibility and include the World Benchmarking Alliance, the High-Level Panel of SRC, and collaborate and participate in in conjunction with the dynamics of the ethics, aiming to safeguard the resilience and productivity of for a Sustainable Ocean Economy, the UN Global Compact on seminars, teaching, supervision etc. The resilience thinking biosphere. This is uncharted research ter- ocean ecosystems for human well-being. It offers a potential Sustainable Ocean Business Action Platform, and the Friends of communication, outreach and policy en- The second executive programme of rain with enormous development poten- short-cut wherein leadership by keystone actors could result in Ocean Action. gagements of the Beijer Institute are sub- SRC was held in autumn 2019 and spring tial. A remarkable outcome is escalating cascading effects throughout the entire seafood industry and HRH Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden has been engaged stantially enhanced through the interplay 2020. Carefully selected CEOs and board interest and engagement by companies enable transformations towards stewardship for healthy oceans. with SeaBOS from the very start of the initiative and took part in with SRC. members of influential companies within and financial actors, with many interac- the working meeting in May. The contributions to the dialogues various business sectors in Sweden met tions with e.g. banks, pension funds, in- by the Crown Princess, a global advocate for the Sustainable De- scientists and leading thinkers to deepen “The aim of the SeaBOS initiative is to vestors and other financial actors in Swe- Stanford collaboration velopment Goals (SDGs), are of great significance for the success their understanding of the latest research den and internationally during the year. stimulate industry leadership for ocean of the SeaBOS initiative. Beijer Fellow Professor Jane Lubchenco, Work on two significant grants (Advancing and accelerate the transformation to- The second broad area of research is who co-leads the expert group of the Ocean Panel, an initiative Fundamental Knowledge of Natural Capital, wards sustainability. The course contin- on Global Health and Biosphere Steward- stewardship in accordance with the of 14 serving presidents and prime-ministers building momen- Resilience and Biosphere Stewardship and ues to be a great success, clearly reflecting ship. Collaborations have been initiated tum toward a sustainable ocean economy, is also strongly en- best available science.” with several research groups, including gaged in SeaBOS. Participants of the SRC’s Executive programme in resilience thinking 2019-2020. From left to right: Mats medical professionals, psychologists, be- For more information see: keystonedialogues.earth Rahmström, CEO Atlas Copco, Sofia Svingby, VP Sustainability Atlas Copco, Magnus Billing, CEO Alecta, As so many other meetings this spring, the SeaBos working meeting havioural economists and food actors, to Henrik Furhoff, CEO Ipco, Sara Öhrvall, Chief Digital. Customer Experience and Communications Officer, in May 2020 was held online. Photo: Carl Folke. tackle everything from antibiotic resist- SEB, Lotta Lyrå, CEO Clas Ohlson, Freddy Sobin, CEO Kicks, Magdalena Gerger, CEO Systembolaget, Malin ance to human health, habitats and food Sandquist, Director Corporate, Public and Legal Affairs, Systembolaget, Siv Malmgren, CEO John Mattson production. This research is linked to the Fastigheter, StaffanPehrson, CEO Nefab, Jerker Johansson, Executive Chairman Blue Water Energy, Klas Balkow, CEO Axfood, Marcus Wallenberg, Chair FAM, SAAB, SEB, Patricia industries, Jonas Samuelsson, ambition to support innovation and asset CEO Electrolux management of landscapes, seas and the biosphere as a whole. Work has focused on a Blue Food Assessment and risks and resilience of the global food production system, as well as antimicrobial resilience building, and health, evolution and biosphere stewardship. As envisioned, GEDB has become a significant channel for research, synthesis and synergies between the Beijer Institute and Stockholm Resilience Cen- tre. A number of events, workshops and activities have been organised, networks of collaborations have been developed and strengthened, and new forms of collaboration between science, practice and business have been initiated. GEDB is funded by the Erling-Persson Family Foundation. Read more about GEDB at www.gedb.se 38 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Science in society Collaborations Annual report 19/20 39

the major ongoing shift in perspective on competitiveness of the business com- environmental issues within business. In munity and contributes to a sustaina- all, around 30 high-level participants have HiG Urban Studio, ble society. It is an independent, state- attended the course. Corporations repre- owned body that advances research in a sented include Atlas Copco, Alecta, Elec- University of Gävle broad spectrum of areas. In a long-term trolux, Handelsbanken, Investor, Scania, FORMAS project, the Beijer Institute has SEB, Stora Enso, Swedbank and Vattenfall. established a formal collaboration with Conversations covered how business can The Urban social-ecological systems prog the seafood group at RISE, which is an in- play a pivotal role in sustainability trans- ramme at the Beijer Institute collaborates ternationally highly recognised research formations, informed by science and driv- with HiG Urban Studio at the University group in the field. Main collaborators in- en by purpose. The deeper meaning and of Gävle. Johan Colding is currently em- clude Max Troell, Therese Lindahl, Patrik challenge of ‘corporate biosphere stew- ployed part-time as research coordinator Henriksson and Malin Jonell, representing ardship’ in turbulent times is increasingly at HiG Urban Studio, which conducts re- Beijer and SRC. The collective expertise appreciated. Carl Folke is the science di- search that supports urban development also involves international collaborators, rector for the programme and the Beijer confined within the Earth’s carrying adding insights on the role and challenges Institute played an essential role in the capacity, while maintaining a focus on related to the future of global seafood. course. For more information, see www. human well-being. A key mission of HiG www.ri.se executive.stockholmresilience.org/ Urban Studio is to promote collaboration www.stockholmresilience.org with other prominent research settings in Sweden working on sustainable urban development. These include the SMOG SARAS - The South group at Chalmers Technical University, Environment Sweden, which is an international lead- American Institute er in research related to architecture and and Development urban morphology, and the environmen- for Resilience and Economics tal psychology groups at Aalto University, Sustainability Studies Finland, and Uppsala University, Sweden.

The journal Environment and Develop- The Beijer Institute has been engaged ment Economics (EDE) was founded by, since 2007 in the South American In- and is published in association with, the The Resilience stitute for Resilience and Sustainabil- Beijer Institute. EDE is positioned at the Alliance ity Studies (SARAS). SARAS is an inter- intersection of environmental, resource disciplinary research institute based in and development economics and en- Maldonado, Uruguay, and is intended to courages submissions from researchers catalyse high-impact science that serves in both developed and developing coun- A central network for collaboration is the to enhance South America’s long-term tries. The journal is divided into two Resilience Alliance (RA), an international resilience and sustainable development. WorldFish teamed up with the West Are’are Rokotanikeni Women’s Association in a project to strengthen main sections, Theory and Applications, consortium of leading research groups SARAS is working towards becoming a capacities and enhance livelihoods in the Solomon Islands. Here, members receive solar panels to power which includes regular academic papers, and organisations collaborating to ex- regional centre, cooperating closely with freezers to store fish and other perishable foods, in their small-scale food businesses. and Policy Options, which includes pa- plore the dynamics of social-ecological the scientific community and relevant Photo: Hampus Eriksson, WorldFish pers that may be of interest to the wider systems and identify novel ways to in- funding agencies in several South Amer- policy community. The editors are Carlos tegrate science and policy in order to lay ican countries and with an established Chavez, Susana Ferreira, E. Somanathan the foundations for sustainability. RA and set of international key scientists. Beijer and Beijer Fellow Jeff Vincent. The journal the focus on social-ecological systems Fellows Marten Scheffer, Steve Carpen- and actions in poor and vulnerable com- encourages and gives maximum support emerged from research programmes at ter, Frances Westley and Beijer director munities. During the past 10 years, the to papers on high-quality theoretical and the Beijer Institute in the 1990s, and the Carl Folke have been deeply engaged in WorldFish mode of cooperation between Beijer and empirical research in environmental and Institute is an active member. setting up SARAS over the years. A major WorldFish has changed from mainly infor- development economics, paying special www.resalliance.org special feature, ‘Seeking sustainable path- mal partnerships to collaborative research attention to contributions from devel- ways for land use in Latin America’, was projects. One project investigating equi- WorldFish is an integral part of the Con- oping areas without compromising the published in Ecology and Society during table development of aquaculture in East sultative Group on International Agri- quality of the papers published, and plan- the year, with former Beijer Institute re- Africa is led by Max Troell. Formal support cultural Research (CGIAR). It is an inter- ning and publishing special issues that searcher Juan Carlos Rocha (now at Stock- from WorldFish also includes supporting RISE - Research national, non-profit, scientific research focus on specific areas of policy interest. holm Resilience Centre) playing a key role activities within the Beijer Institute pro- centre created to conduct, stimulate and in this work. gramme on sustainable seafood, as well as Institute of Sweden accelerate research on fisheries, aquacul- www.saras-institute.org co-funding a post-doc (Patrik Henriksson) ture and other living aquatic resources for for several years. the sustainable benefit of present and fu- www.worldfishcenter.org RISE (the Research Institute of Sweden) ture generations of low-income users in is an innovation partner in internation- developing countries. WorldFish was ear- al collaborations with industry, academia ly to pick up on contemporary resilience and the public sector. RISE ensures the research, upon which it builds its research

40 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Collaborations Collaborations Annual report 19/20 41

James Wilen Agneta Sundin Professor Emeritus, University of California, Davis, USA Communications Officer

Generative Collisions: Appendix *Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Max Troell Associate Professor, Programme Director Staff members Affiliated researchers Reflections of a Beijer Fellow Scientific advisory board Carl Folke J. Marty Anderies Board members of the Beijer Institute of Ecologi- Professor, Director Professor, Programme Director cal Economics are appointed by the Royal Swed- Anne-Sophie Crépin (Arizona State University, USA) ish Academy of Sciences for a three-year period, Associate Professor, Deputy Director and may not be re-elected more than once ac- Victor Galaz cording to the standing instructions for the Beijer Amar Causevic Associate Professor, Programme Director Institute approved by the Royal Swedish Academy MA, Research assistant (Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University) Each time I arrive at the Beijer Institute, I feel that I of Sciences on 5 June 1991. The first Board of Di- Johan Colding Patrik Henriksson have been transported to Mount Olympus. The world’s rectors for the current Beijer Institute was elected Associate Professor, Programme Director PhD, Researcher best ecologists, economists, and environmental thinkers on 5 June 1991. The 29th annual board meeting Gustav Engström (Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University are gathered together to consider critical challenges to was held at the National Museum, Stockholm, on and WorldFish, Malaysia) civilization. At first, the gathered greatness seems a bit 13 September 2020 due to the renovation of the PhD, Researcher Chuan-Zhong Li intimidating. Yet the Gods are friendly. They enjoy walks Academy. This meeting was the first for Professor Johan Gars Professor, Researcher and meals together, chatting about science and families, Elke Weber, Princeton University, USA, who was PhD, Researcher (Uppsala University, Sweden) catching up with old friends, occasionally stopping to welcomed as a new member of the board. Profes- Åsa Gren watch a bird or marvel at the life cycle of wild mush- sor J. Marty Anderies reached the end of his term. The Beijer Institute wishes to express its warmest PhD, Researcher rooms. Once we are in the meeting, the debate can be Staff news gratitude for his great for the Institute as member intense as we try to resolve differences among expert Malin Jonell of the Board. PhD, Researcher Malin Jonell opinions and to reach consensus on solutions to very We welcome Malin as a new member of staff. Ma- hard problems. The Gods are respectful; ideas may be Chandra Kiran Krishnamurthy Chair lin is a systems ecologist by training and a sus- PhD, Researcher criticized but the speaker is not. And the Gods know how tainability governance scholar. Her main research to party; the dinner on Askö Island will be accompanied Neil Adger Sofia-Kristin Kokinelis interest is sustainable food production, and in Professor, University of Exeter, UK by music, humor, and laughter. The process of these re- MSc, Finance and HR Administrator particular the role of markets, trade and the pri- markable meetings is organized by the brilliant staff of vate sector in driving positive change in the grow- Ex-officio members Sofia Käll the Beijer Institute. PhD candidate ing seafood sector. As a member of the SEAWIN project, part of the Aquaculture and sustainable After each meeting, one or two of us must distill a pa- Anne-Sophie Crépin Christina Leijonhufvud per from the notes. Drafts written in advance are thrown Though this existential crisis is only a generation Associate Professor, Deputy Director of seafood programme, she is focusing on the role BA, Administrator away, for the outcome of an Askö meeting is not predict- away, there is time to deploy known solutions: decar- the Beijer Institute of the retail sector, consumers and other market able or controllable. The only thing knowable in advance bonize energy, reduce impacts of agriculture by shifting Therese Lindahl actors in driving demand for sustainable seafood. Carl Folke* Moreover, she is interested in investigating the is that it will be interesting and innovative. The collision to more plant-based diets, stop overpopulation, and con- PhD, Programme Director Professor, Director of the Beijer Institute environmental effects of implementation of aqua- of economic and biophysical sciences on a pressing en- serve natural ecosystems. These biophysical solutions are Göran K. Hansson* Daniel Ospina culture eco-certification schemes. vironmental problem never fails to generate surprising known, although details must be worked out for particu- Professor, Permanent Secretary of the Royal PhD candidate insights. This is fortunate, for there seems to be no end lar places and resources. But much work remains on the Swedish Academy of Sciences Caroline Schill Scientific Advisory Board meeting September 2019. to the flow of new environmental problems. And so, over economic, political, and social features of solutions. The PhD, Researcher Photo: Agneta Sundin the decades, novel synthetic papers emerge from these research priorities were stated by the Millennium Eco- meetings. Perhaps the most important product is the system Assessment in 2005: quantify feedbacks among Members evolving community of interdisciplinary friends. social and ecological systems, and determine the effec- J. Marty Anderies The problems are becoming more severe, not because tiveness of governance systems and influence of insti- Professor, Arizona State University, USA solutions are unknown but because known solutions tutions on social distribution of ecosystem services. Yet are not employed. In the next generation, land area for progress is slow. The pathway to institutional solutions Elena Bennett Professor, McGill University, Canada humanity will shrink as sea level rises and the tropics has been illuminated by the past work of the Beijer Insti- and semi-tropics become unbearably hot. The impact of tute, and surely the need for the Beijer style of thinking Reinette (Oonsie) Biggs agricultural production on water quality will cause more will grow as we enter an uncertain future. Professor, Stellenbosch University, South Africa illness and starvation. Arable land will shrink as deserts Juan Camilo Cárdenas and flooded lands expand. Natural ecosystems that pu- Professor, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia rify air, water, and soil and provide the diversity that Joern Fischer drives evolution will shrink and disappear. Steve Carpenter, February 2020 Professor, Leuphana University, Germany

Kathleen Segerson Professor, University of Connecticut, USA

Jason Shogren* Professor, University of Wyoming, USA

Jeroen van den Bergh Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain

Elke Weber Professor, Princeton University, USA

42 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Reflections of a Beijer Fellow Appendix Annual report 19/20 43 Before joining the Beijer Institute, Malin worked Stuart “Terry” Chapin III Frances Westley holm, which is renowned for classical designs and at Stockholm Resilience Centre, as a postdoctoral Professor Emeritus, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Professor, University of Waterloo, Canada high quality. This store was later bought by the fellow on the EAT-Lancet Commission on Healthy Beijer Fellow prizes, honours and awards USA Kjell and Märta Beijer Foundation and the profits James Wilen Diets from Sustainable Food Systems. Her work go to the Foundation. Kanchan Chopra Professor Emeritus, University of California, focused on food sustainability metrics and in par- Stuart “Terry” Chapin III Jane Lubchenco Professor Emerita, University of Delhi, India Davis, USA Funding for the Beijer Institute’s research activ- ticular the role of ‘blue foods’ (fish, shellfish and Terry was awarded the Volvo Environment Prize Jane received the Mary Sears medal 2020 from the ities between 1 July 2019 and 30 June 2020 was algae) in the global food system. 2019 for work that will have a long-lasting impact on Oceanography Society for her exceptional leadership Gretchen C. Daily Anastasios Xepapadeas also provided by: the ways we seek to build a sustainable future, with and original contributions to research on biodiversity Professor, Stanford University, USA Professor, Athens University of Economics and Jean-Baptiste Jouffray the concept of Earth Stewardship supporting the and rocky seashore ecology, and solutions to restore Business, Greece deep institutional and structural change required to ocean health and sustainable fisheries. Partha Dasgupta • Formas (a Swedish government research Jean-Baptiste successfully defended his PhD meet the challenges ahead. Professor Emeritus, University of Cambridge, UK Aart de Zeeuw council for sustainable development) thesis The Anthropocene Ocean – Risks and Johan Rockström Professor Emeritus, Tilburg University, • Swedish Research Council (Vetenskaps- Gretchen C. Daily Johan received the Prince Albert II of Monaco Opportunities for Global Sustainability in Sustain- Paul R. Erlich the Netherlands rådet) Gretchen was awarded the Tyler Prize 2020, Foundation Climate Change Award 2020 for Professor Emeritus, Stanford University, USA ability Science at Stockholm Resilience Centre, together with Pavan Sukhdev, for pioneering work remarkable commitment to limiting the effects of • The Crafoord Foundation Stockholm University, on 17 January 2020. He on valuation of natural capital – in rigorous scientific climate change. Sander van der Leeuw Administration • The European Fisheries Inventory in the was a joint PhD candidate at the Beijer Institute, and economic terms – recognising nature’s vital role in supporting human wellbeing. Brian Walker Professor, Arizona State University, USA Central Arctic Ocean (EFICA) the Global Economic Dynamics and Biosphere Brian was made an Officer in the prestigious Order Office location • The Ragnar Söderbergs Foundation programme at the Royal Swedish Academy of Lance Gunderson Terry Hughes of Australia in 2020, for “distinguished service to The Beijer Institute is located in a wing of the early • The Swedish International Development Sciences, and Stockholm Resilience Centre. Terry was recognised, together with Carlos Duarte science, particularly to eco-system ecology and Professor, Emory University, USA 20th century building of the Royal Swedish Acad- Cooperation Agency (Sida) Jean-Baptiste’s interest lied in exploring the and Daniel Pauly, with the Frontiers of Knowledge research, and to professional scientific bodies”. Award in the category Ecology and Conservation Bi- Michael Hoel emy of Sciences at Frescati, a science and uni- • Stiftelse till bröderna Jacob och Markus interlinked social, economic and ecological ology. “Their research has expanded our knowledge Professor, University of Oslo, Norway versity area about 2 km north of Stockholm City. Wallenbergs minne (Foundation in mem- challenges that shape the new global ocean about the Earth’s oceans and has contributed to the ory of the brothers Jacob and Markus Terry Hughes The area is situated in one of Stockholm’s green context. Much of his work consisted in a curios- protection and conservation of marine biodiversity Wallenberg) and ocean ecosystem services.” belts, Ekoparken, which also includes some of the ity-driven endeavour aimed at describing and Professor, ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Australia inlets of the Baltic Sea. Ekoparken has been de- • Western Indian Ocean Marine Science analysing what the Anthropocene means for the Eric Lambin clared a Royal National City Park by the Swedish Association (WIOMSA) ocean, what it entails for how we study marine Eric received the Blue Planet Prize 2019, together Eric Lambin parliament. The Institute’s visiting address is Lilla social-ecological systems and, essentially, what with Jared Diamond, for outstanding achievements Professor, Stanford University, USA and in scientific research and its application, and in Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium Frescativägen 4A, Stockholm. Teaching and training can be done to improve sustainability. His thesis so doing helping to solve global environmental involved inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, problems. Simon A. Levin Organisation In addition to the course organised by the Bei- ranging from the Hawaiian archipelago and indi- Professor, Princeton University, USA The Institute’s administration is partly carried out jer Institute listed below, a number of institute cators for effective coral reef management, to the by, or coordinated with, the Royal Swedish Acad- researchers give lectures within courses run by global seafood industry, the role of transnational Jane Lubchenco other institutions (see under staff members’ indi- Professor, Oregon State University, USA emy of Sciences, for example accounting and corporations, and whether there could be entry maintenance of premises and computers. Other vidual activities). points for sustainability considerations into main- Eric Lambin receiving the Blue Karine Nyborg administrative procedures are performed inde- Planet Prize 2019. Governance and management of stream financial mechanisms. Professor, University of Oslo, Norway pendently by the Beijer Institute. With the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sus- social-ecological systems: Economic Rosamond. L. Naylor tainable Development poised to begin in 2021, the perspectives – Master’s course Professor, Stanford University, USA thesis provides novel conceptual and mechanistic Visiting researchers Beijer Institute researchers organise and teach ways to link ecosystems to their distal socio-eco- Stephen Polasky the module Economic perspectives in the course nomic drivers and offers a useful contribution to Yana Jin Professor, University of Minnesota, USA Governance and management of social-ecological both academic and policy discussions on how to College of William and Mary, Virginia, USA systems of the Master’s programme Social-Eco- Johan Rockström approach ocean sustainability in the 21st century. 26 March-15 August 2019 logical Resilience for Sustainable Development at Professor, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Jean-Baptiste is currently a postdoctoral re- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm Univer- James Wilen Research (PIK) and Potsdam University, Germany searcher at the Stockholm Resilience Centre, sity. The objective of the module is to help stu- Jean-Baptiste Jouffray with his supervisors University of California, Davis, USA primarily involved in the Ocean Risk and Resil- Thomas Rosswall dents understand a broad spectrum of economic and opponent at the successful defence of 10-26 September 2019 ience Action Alliance and the Seafood Business Professor Emeritus, Member of the Royal Swedish perspectives relevant to the governance and his thesis. From left: Albert Norström (SRC), Academy of Sciences Sander van der Leeuw management of social-ecological systems. 2020 for Ocean Stewardship initiative. His original plan Douglas McCauley (opponent, UC Santa Barbara), to join the Centre for Ocean Solutions at Stanford Jean-Baptiste Jouffray, Magnus Nyström (SRC), Arizona State University, USA Marten Scheffer was the 8th year in which the course was held. University had to be put on hold due to the coro- Beatrice Crona (GEDB executive director), Henrik 6-12 October 2019 Professor, Wageningen University & Research, During spring 2020, Gustav Engström, Anne-So- the Netherlands phie Crépin, Therese Lindahl and Johan Gars navirus crisis. Österblom (SRC). Photo: Albert Norström Aart de Zeeuw taught a class of 20 students over a period of 2.5 Tilburg University, the Netherlands Jason Shogren weeks. The focus was on economic approaches 9-12 February 2020 Professor, University of Wyoming, USA Funding for dealing with regime shifts, behavioural biases, Core funding for the Beijer Institute is provided David A. Starrett climate change and international trade. Togeth- Beijer Fellows by the Kjell and Märta Beijer Foundation, founded Professor Emeritus, Stanford University, USA er with the students, alternative approaches for in 1974 through a donation from Kjell and Märta analysing how people make choices individually J. Marty Anderies Will Steffen Beijer. The Foundation’s purpose is to support and collectively when managing social-ecological Professor, Arizona State University, USA Professor Emeritus, The Australian National research and education, as well as supporting University, Australia systems, and the consequences/trade-offs these culture, especially design and interior decoration, Scott Barrett choices involve, were explored. Professor, Columbia University, USA Thomas Sterner and also music and literature. The Beijer Institute Professor, University of Gothenburg, Sweden is its single largest beneficiary, but the Kjell and Supervisory work Fikret Berkes Märta Beijer Foundation also makes large dona- Professor, University of Manitoba, Canada M. Scott Taylor • PhD candidate Alice Dauriach, GEDB and Professor, University of Calgary, Canada tions to research in genetic science, neuroscience Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm William “Buz” Brock and pharmaceutical research at Uppsala Univer- University (Victor Galáz, co-supervisor) Jeffrey Vincent Professor Emeritus, University of Wisconsin, sity and to dairy cattle research at the Swedish • PhD candidate Laura Elsler, Stockholm Madison, USA Professor, Duke University, USA University of Agricultural Sciences. Resilience Centre, Stockholm University Stephen R. Carpenter Brian Walker Kjell Beijer was a Swedish businessman who (Anne-Sophie Crépin, co-supervisor) Professor Emeritus, University of Wisconsin, PhD, Honorary Post-Retirement Fellow, CSIRO met his wife Märta when she was working in the Madison, USA (national science research agency), Australia furniture and design store Svenskt Tenn in Stock-

44 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 45 • PhD candidate Ami Golland (Global • 12 December: Associate Professor John » Colding, J., M. Colding, and S. Barthel. 2020. Cities”, the Knowledge Foundation, Uppsala, Economics working paper series 19/329. » Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, P., H. Flores, F. Volck- Economic Dynamics and Biosphere pro- Ingram Enhancing food system resilience, Applying seven resilience principles on the January 2020. Participant. Center of Economic Research, ETH Zu- aert, B. Niehoff, F.L. Schaafsma, J. Hjelm, J. gramme and Stockholm Resilience Centre, with examples from the UK and Australia vision of the Digital City. Cities 103:102761. » Strategy workshop for the new Research rich, Switzerland. Hentati-Sundberg, S. Niiranen, A.-S. Crépin, Stockholm University (Victor Galáz, main and H. Österblom. 2020. Review of Research Brown Bag Lunch Seminars » Colding, J., M. Giusti, A. Haga, M. Wallha- School “Future-Proof Cities”, the Knowledge » Barrett, S., A. Dasgupta, P. Dasgupta, W. Neil supervisor) gen, and S. Barthel. 2020. Enabling rela- Foundation, Uppsala, February 2020. Partic- Adger, J. Anderies, J. van den Bergh, C. Bled- Knowledge and Gaps on Fish Populations, The Brown Bag Lunch Seminars are a joint ini- • PhD candidate Xiao Hu, Department of tionships with nature in cities. Sustainability ipant. soe, J. Bongaarts, S. Carpenter, F.S. Chapin, Fisheries and Linked Ecosystems in the tiative between the Beijer Institute, Stockholm Forest Economics, Swedish University of 12(11):4394. A.-S. Crépin, G. Daily, P. Ehrlich, C. Folke, N. Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). European Resilience Centre and Albaeco, and are held at Agricultural Sciences, Umeå (Chandra Kiran Teaching and training Kautsky, E.F. Lambin, S.A. Levin, K.G. Mäler, Commission, Executive Agency for Small Krishnamurthy, main supervisor) Stockholm Resilience Centre. The seminars aim to » Colding, J., Å. Gren, and S. Barthel. 2020. The and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME). » Supervisor of Bachelor’s students Johanna R. Naylor, K. Nyborg, S. Polasky, M. Scheffer, • PhD candidate Lina Isacs, Division of provide a platform for staff, students and visitors incremental demise of urban green spaces. Fridh and Lisa Blom, Miljöteknik/Miljöstrateg J. Shogren, P.S. Jørgensen, B. Walker, and J. Environmental Strategies Research, Royal at the institutions that together form Stockholm Land 9(5):162. Conferences, workshops (Environmental Technology/Environmental Wilen. 2020. Social dimensions of fertility Institute of Technology, Stockholm (Ther- Resilience Centre, to share their work in an infor- » Colding, J., M. Wallhagen, P. Sörqvist, L. and presentations Strategy), Faculty of Engineering and Sus- behavior and consumption patterns in the ese Lindahl, co-supervisor) mal manner with ample time for discussion. Marcus, K. Hillman, K. Samuelsson, and S. tainable Development, University of Gävle. Anthropocene. Proceedings of the National » Transformative actions towards social-eco- • PhD candidate Noah Linder, Department of The Askö meeting Barthel. 2020. Applying a systems perspec- Academy of Sciences of the United States logical stewardship in the Anthropocene, Building, Energy and Environmental Engi- tive on the notion of the Smart City. Smart » Lecturer, undergraduate level programme the Askö meeting 2019, Askö, September Since 1993, the Beijer Institute has organised an of America 117(12):6300–6307. neering, University of Gävle, Gävle (Therese Cities 3(2):420-429. Miljöteknik/Miljöstrateg (Environmental 2019. Participant. Lindahl, co-supervisor) annual meeting in September for informal discus- Technology/ Environmental Strategy) lec- » Crépin, A.-S. 2019. Complexity, resilience » Samuelsson, K., S. Barthel, J. Colding, G. Ma- » Advancing Integrated Process-Based Mod- • PhD candidate Oskar Nyberg, Department sions between ecologists, economists and related ture: Studier av social-ekologiska system and economics. Pages 166-187 in V. Galaz, cassa, and M. Giusti. 2020. Urban nature as a eling of Complex Socio-Environmental of Ecology, Environment and Plant Scienc- disciplines at the Askö Laboratory (part of Stock- (Studies of social-ecological systems), Fac- editor: Global Challenges, Governance, source of resilience during social distancing Systems, workshop, The National Socio-En- es, Stockholm University (Patrik Henriks- holm University Baltic Sea Centre) on a Swedish ulty of Engineering and Sustainable Devel- and Complexity: Applications and Frontiers. amidst the coronavirus pandemic. OSF Pre- vironmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), son, co-supervisor) island in the Baltic Sea. The Askö meetings have opment, University of Gävle, spring 2020. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK, prints. osf.io/3wx5a. Annapolis, Maryland, USA, October 2019. • PhD candidate Daniel Ospina, Beijer generated unique cooperation between these Northampton, MA, USA. Participant. Institute and Stockholm Resilience Centre, disciplines and each meeting has resulted in a » Sanecka, J., S. Barthel, and J. Colding. 2020. Commissions » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.B. Jouffray, E.F. Stockholm University (Anne-Sophie Crépin, consensus document, often published in a lead- Countryside within the city: A motivating » Chair of half-time PhD thesis seminar of Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Crona, » Så kan Riksbanken bidra till klimatpolitiken co-supervisor) ing scientific journal. The theme of Askö 2019 was vision behind civic green area stewardship Noah Linder, Environmental Psychology, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpenter, J.M. (How the Central Bank of Sweden can con- • Master’s student Stefan Fogelkvist, De- Transformative actions towards social-ecological in Warsaw, Poland. Sustainability 12(6):2313. Department of Building, Energy and Envi- Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, A. Dauri- tribute to climate policy), seminar, presenta- partment of Environmental Science and stewardship in the Anthropocene. Read more on » Sörqvist, P., J. Colding, and J. Marsh. 2020. ronmental Engineering, University of Gävle, ach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kautsky, B.H. tion by Anna Breman (the new deputy gov- Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm page 28. Psychological obstacles to the efficacy of 11 December 2019. Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and A. de ernor of the Central Bank of Sweden) with panel discussion, Stockholm, March 2020. University (Åsa Gren, co-supervisor) environmental footprint tools. Environmen- » Member of the Campus Albano Reference Zeeuw. 2019. Transnational corporations Panel member. • Master’s student Olivie Rostang, Depart- Staff members’ publications tal Research Letters. In press. Group. and the challenge of biosphere stewardship. ment of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University Nature Ecology and Evolution 3(10):1396- » Advancing Integrated Process-Based Mod- » Member of the Scandinavian Turfgrass Re- (Åsa Gren, main supervisor) and activities Conferences, workshops 1403. eling of Complex Socio-Environmental Sys- search Foundation (STERF). • Master’s student Blanca Sivertsen, De- and presentations » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.-B. Jouffray, tems, workshop, SESYNC, online, May 2020. partment of Environmental Science and » Workshop on grant application to Vinnova » Member of the Live Baltic Campus Network E.F. Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Participant. Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm Group. (Sweden’s innovation agency), Beijer Insti- Crona, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpen- » Arctic II: Resilience in Rapidly Changing University (Åsa Gren, main supervisor) Amar Causevic tute, September 2019. Organiser and pres- » Director of HiG Urban Studio, University of ter, J.M. Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, Arctic Systems, kick-off meeting, Belmont • Bachelor’s students Johanna Fridh and Lisa MA, Research assistant entation: Gröna miljöers betydelse för hälsa Gävle, Sweden. A. Dauriach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kaut- Forum, online, May 2020. Participant repre- Blom, Faculty of Engineering and Sustaina- i ett urbant landskap (Importance of green sky, B.H. Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and senting the Marine Arctic Resilience, Adap- ble Development, University of Gävle, Gävle » Member of the Steering board of the areas for health in an urban landscape). A. de Zeeuw. 2020. An invitation for more tation and Transformation (MARAT) project. (Johan Colding, main supervisor) Swedish Knowledge Foundation’s Research » KTH (Royal Institute of Technology) Sus- research on transnational corporations and • Master’s student trainee Paula Sanchez School “Future-Proof Cities”. » Beijer Young Scholars 3, online workshop, tainability Research Day, Royal Institute the biosphere. Nature Ecology and Evolu- Garcia, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Research focus June 2020. Participant. of Technology, Stockholm, October 2019. tion 4:494. Stockholm University (Caroline Schill, Other Sustainable finance, human-machine-ecology in- Speaker: Beijerinstitutets urbanforskning: co-supervisor) » Member of the research consortium “So- » Schill, C., J.M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, Teaching and training teractions, climate change and security. Stockholmsapproachen (The Beijer Insti- S. Polasky, J.C. Cárdenas, A.-S. Crépin, M.A. cial-Ecological Urbanism”. » Lecturer and examiner, Master’s level tute’s urban research: The Stockholm ap- Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter. 2019. Publications » Member of the working group “Smarta håll- course Governance and management of proach). A more dynamic understanding of human Seminar and workshop series » Causevic, A. and I. Al-Marashi. 2020. Can bara städer och samhällen” (Smart sustaina- social-ecological systems: Economic per- » Workshop on Occupational Health Science behaviour for the Anthropocene. Nature The Stockholm Seminars: Frontiers in NATO evolve into a climate alliance treaty ble cities and societies”), Region Gävleborg. spectives, Stockholm Resilience Centre, and Psychology, University of Gävle, No- Sustainability 2:1075-1082. Sustainability Science and Policy organization in the Middle East? Bulletin of Stockholm University, spring 2020. the Atomic Scientists 76(2):97-101. vember 2019. Participant. » Zipper, S.C., F. Jaramillo, L. Wang Erlandsson, The Stockholm Seminars are arranged by Albae- » Co-supervisor of PhD candidates Daniel » Workshop on Strategic Research Areas at S.E. Cornell, T. Gleeson, M. Porkka, T. Häyhä, co, the Beijer Institute, Future Earth and Stock- Ospina and Laura Elsler (Sustainability Sci- University of Gävle: Populism, Democracy Anne-Sophie Crépin A.-S. Crépin, I. Fetzer, D. Gerten, H. Hoff, N. holm Resilience Centre. They cover a broad range ence, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stock- and the Humanities, University of Gävle, Associate Professor, Matthews, C. Ricaurte-Villota, M. Kummu, Y. of perspectives on sustainability issues and focus Deputy Director of the holm University). Johan Colding November 2019. Speaker: Smarta städer, Wada, and L. Gordon. 2019. Integrating the on the need for a sound scientific basis for sus- Beijer Institute Associate Professor, demokrati och populism (Smart cities, de- water planetary boundary with water man- tainable development policy. Commissions Programme Director Urban mocracy and populism). agement from local to global scales. Earth's The seminars are given at the Royal Swedish social-ecological systems Future 8(2):e2019EF001377. » Ex officio member, Environment and Ener- » Climate Action Weeks, organised by the gy Committee, Royal Swedish Academy of Academy of Sciences (occasionally at Stockholm Research focus Resilience Centre) and are attended by an audi- Nordic Council of Ministers (Nordiska min- Reports Sciences, since 2016. ence including researchers, students, the media isterrådet), Stockholm, December 2019. Social-ecological systems, regime shifts and » Crépin, A.-S. 2020. Grön skatteväxling för » Board member, Environmental Research and policymakers in the public and private sector. Research focus Speaker: The Smart City approach: a critical economics, risk, global dynamics and resilience, hållbar markanvändning (Green tax shifting Council, Swedish Environmental Protection Between July 2019 and June 2020, the follow- Urban social-ecological systems. perspective. complex system approach on the Arctic Ocean, for sustainable land-use). Pages 45-69 in Agency (Naturvårdsverkets miljöforsk- ing seminars were held: behavioural responses to regime shifts, modelling. Publications » Seminar organised by project Innovations R. Henriksson, editor: Växla upp! 12 inspire- ningsråd), Stockholm, since 2018. klivet, Gävle Innovation Hub, Gävle, January 2019 » Colding, J., S. Barthel, and P. Sörqvist. 2019. Publications rande bidrag för en bättre grön skatteväxling » Committee member, National Committee for 2020. Participant. (Gear up! 12 Inspiring Contributions for Bet- • 21 August: Professor Markus Reichstein Wicked problems of smart cities. Smart Cit- » Arvaniti, M., A.-S. Crépin, and C.K. Krishna- Global Environmental Change, Royal Swed- » Seminar and launching of the Företagsfor- ter Green Tax Shifting) FORES, Stockholm. Deep learning for a better understanding of ies 2(4):512-521. murthy. 2019. Time-consistent resource ish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, since skarskolan (Research School) “Future-Proof the Earth System? management with regime shifts. CER-ETH 2018.

46 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 47 » Committee member, Committee for Applied ach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kautsky, B.H. H. Nagendra, D. Payne, G.D. Peterson, B. » “Our Planet, Our Future”, Nobel Prize Sum- » Lecturer, Master’s level course Resilience Systems Analysis (Kommittén för tillämpad Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and A. de Reyers, R. Scholes, C.I. Speranza, M. Spieren- mit preparatory workshop, Potsdam, Germa- and sustainable development, LUMES, Lund systemanalys), Stockholm, since 2020. Carl Folke Zeeuw. 2019. Transnational corporations burg, M. Stafford-Smith, M. Tengö, S. van der ny, October 2019. Participant. University. » Member of the Council for Evidence-based Professor, Director of the and the challenge of biosphere stewardship. Hel, I. van Putten, and H. Österblom. 2020. » Svenskt Tenn 95 years, Stockholm Universi- » Lecturer, undergraduate and PhD-courses, Environmental Analysis (Rådet för evi- Beijer Institute Nature Ecology and Evolution 3(10):1396- Principles for knowledge co-production in ty, October 2019. Presentation. Stockholm University. densbaserad miljöanalys) under FORMAS 1403. sustainability research. Nature Sustainabili- ty 3(3):182-190. » Emergence, Complex Adaptive Systems (Swedish government research council for » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.-B. Jouffray, Group workshop, Stockholm Resilience Commissions sustainable development), since 2020. E.F. Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. » Nyström, M., J.-B. Jouffray, A. Norström, P. Centre, October 2019. Participant. » Founder, Science Director, Chairman of the Research focus » Member of the scientific committee for the Crona, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpen- P.S. Jorgensen, V. Galaz, B.E. Crona, S.R. Car- Board, Stockholm Resilience Centre. ter, J.M. Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, penter, and C. Folke. 2019. Anatomy and re- » Earth Stewardship – a foundation for sus- Conference of the European Association of Social-ecological systems, resilience thinking, » Co-director (with Beatrice Crona) of the Er- A. Dauriach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kaut- silience of the global production ecosystem. tainability, Volvo Environment Prize Seminar, Environmental and Resource Economists ecological economics, Anthropocene, transforma- ling-Persson Family Academy Programmes, sky, B.H. Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and Nature 575:98-108. the Swedish Royal Museum of Natural His- (EAERE). tion for stewardship that reconnects development Global Economic Dynamics and the Bio- A. de Zeeuw. 2020. An invitation for more tory, November 2019. Presentation. to the biosphere. » Schill, C., J.M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, sphere and New Approaches to the Grand » Participant and member of the steering research on transnational corporations and » Where next for sustainability science, S. Polasky, J.C. Cárdenas, A.-S. Crépin, M.A. Challenge: Global Finance, Global Health committee (substitute) of the European Publications the biosphere. Nature Ecology and Evolu- LUCSUS, Lund University, November 2019. Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter. 2019. and the Biosphere, the Royal Swedish Acad- Fisheries Inventory in the Central Arctic » Barrett, S., A. Dasgupta, P. Dasgupta, W. Neil tion 4:494. Presentation. Ocean (EFICA) Consortium, financed by the A more dynamic understanding of human emy of Sciences. Adger, J. Anderies, J. van den Bergh, C. Bled- » Garmestani, A.S., J.B. Ruhl, B.C. Chaffin, R.K. behaviour for the Anthropocene. Nature » Stockholm Resilience Centre International European Commission. » Principal investigator (with Gretchen Daily, soe, J. Bongaarts, S. Carpenter, F.S. Chapin, Craig, H.F.M.W. van Rijswick, D.G. Angeler, C. Sustainability 2:1075-1082. Advisory Board, individual member meet- Stanford University) of the research collabo- » Associate editor of Ecological Economics, A.-S. Crépin, G. Daily, P. Ehrlich, C. Folke, N. Folke, L.H. Gunderson, D. Twidwell, and C.R. ings, Stockholm, November 2019. » Schlüter, M., L.J. Haider, S.J. Lade, E. Lind- ration programme Fundamental Research in since 2019. Kautsky, E.F. Lambin, S.A. Levin, K.G. Mäler, Allen. 2019. Untapped capacity for resilience kvist, R. Martin, K. Orach, N. Wijermans, and » Nobel Prize Summit lecture, Nobel Founda- Biosphere-based Sustainability Science and » Journal reviewer for Scandinavian Jour- R. Naylor, K. Nyborg, S. Polasky, M. Scheffer, in environmental law. Proceedings of the C. Folke. 2019. Capturing emergent phenom- tion, Stockholm, December 2019. Advancing Fundamental Knowledge of Nat- nal of Economics and Havsmiljöinstitutet J. Shogren, P.S. Jørgensen, B. Walker, and J. National Academy of Sciences of the United ena in social-ecological systems: An analyti- ural Capital, Resilience and Biosphere Stew- (Swedish government institute for the ma- Wilen. 2020. Social dimensions of fertility States of America 116:19899-19904. » Response Diversity workshop, Djurö, Janu- cal framework. Ecology and Society 24(3):11. ardship, Stockholm University, both funded rine environment). behavior and consumption patterns in the ary 2020. Participant. » Gunderson, L., C. Folke, and M.A. Janssen. by the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Anthropocene. Proceedings of the National » Stockholm Resilience Centre PhD research Academy of Sciences of the United States 2019. Remembering Buzz Holling. Ecology Conferences, workshops Foundation. and Society 24(4):39. and presentations day, Stockholm Resilience Centre, January of America 117(12):6300-6307. 2020. Presentation. » Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Gustav Engström » Welcome to the Biosphere exhibition, Sven- » Boltz, F., N. LeRoy Poff, C. Folke, N. Kete, » Herrfahrdt-Pähle, E., M. Schlüter, P. Olsson, Sciences. PhD, Researcher C. Folke, S. Gelcich, and C. Pahl-Wostl. 2020. skt Tenn, Svenskt Tenn and the Beijer In- » Svenskt Tenn and Sveriges Marknadsför- C.M. Brown, S. St. George Freeman, J.H. » International Member of the United States Sustainability transformations: socio-politi- stitute, Stockholm, August-October 2019. bund, Svenskt Tenn, Stockholm, February Matthews, A. Martinez, and J. Rockström. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, cal shocks as opportunities for governance Inauguration speech, press meetings, and 2020. Presentation. 2019. Water is a master variable: Solving for USA. presentation for staff. » SeaBOS (Seafood Business for Ocean Stew- resilience in the modern era. Water Security transitions. Global Environmental Change ardship) science meeting, Stockholm Resil- » Member of the Royal Norwegian Society of 8:100048. 63:102097. » Stockholm Resilience Centre International Research focus Sciences and Letters (DKNVS), Trondheim, » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, P.J.G. Henriksson, Advisory Board meeting, Rosenön, Dalarö, ience Centre, February 2020. Various economic aspects of global environmen- » Bratman, G.N., C.B. Anderson, M.G. Berman, Norway. K. Malmros, M. Troell, A. Zorzet, and mem- August 2019. Presentation. » Preparing for SeaBOS, meetings at the Royal tal change, in particular the economics of climate B. Cochran, S. de Vries, J. Flanders, C. Folke, bers of the Living with Resistance project. Castle and online, February, March, and May » Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of change and issues related to energy supply and H. Frumkin, J.J. Gross, T. Hartig, P.H. Kahn » The Phuket Keystone Dialogue and the Sea- 2020. Coevolutionary governance of anti- 2020. Agriculture and Forestry (KSLA). tipping points in the climate system. Other re- Jr., M. Kuo, J.J. Lawler, P.S. Levin, T. Lindahl, BOS (Seafood Business for Ocean Steward- biotic and pesticide resistance. Trends in search interests include urban economics and A. Meyer-Lindenberg, R. Mitchell, Z. Ouyang, ship) initiative, Phuket, Thailand, September » SIGHT (The Swedish Institute for Glob- » Fellow of the Resilience Alliance. Ecology and Evolution 35(6):484-494. other aspects of the economy and environment J. Roe, L. Scarlett, J.R. Smith, M. van den 2019. Participant and speaker. al Health Transformation) advisory board » Honorary Fellow, South American Institute interaction. Bosch, B.W. Wheeler, M.P. White, H. Zheng, » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, and S.C. Carroll. » Transformative actions towards social-eco- meeting, April, June 2020. for Resilience and Sustainability Studies and G.C. Daily. 2019. Nature and mental 2019. Evolution in the Anthropocene: In- logical stewardship in the Anthropocene, » Seafood working meeting, May 2020. Pres- (SARAS), Maldonado, Uruguay. Publications health: An ecosystem service perspective. forming governance and policy. Annual Re- The Askö meeting 2019, Askö, September entation. » Fellow of the Synergy Program for Analyzing » Engström, G., J. Gars, N. Jaakkola, T. Lindahl, Science Advances 5:eaax0903. view of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 2019. Organiser and participant. » Beijer Young Scholars 3, online workshop, Resilience and Critical transitionS (SparcS), D. Spiro, and A. van Benthem. 2020. Beijer 50:527-546. » Folke, C. 2019. Governing for emergence in » The International Science Advisory Council, June 2020. Presentation. Wageningen, Netherlands. Discussion Paper 271: What policies address social-ecological systems. Pages 24-37 in V. » Keys, P., V. Galaz, M. Dyer, N. Matthews, C. Stockholm Resilience Centre, September » Conversation with researchers from Arizona » Fellow of STIAS (Stellenbosch Institute both the corona virus crisis and the climate Galaz, editor: Global Challenges, Govern- Folke, M. Nyström, and S. Cornell. 2019. 2019. State University, The New School New York, for Advanced Study), Stellenbosch, South crisis? Beijer Discussion Paper Series. ance, and Complexity: Applications and Anthropocene risk. Nature Sustainability » The Surprise Group, workshop, Villa Carl- Georgia State University, the US Forest Africa. » Engström, G., Å. Gren, C.-Z. Li, and C.K.B. Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, Chelten- 2:667-673. sten, Falsterbo, September 2019. Participant. Service, and Barnard College on resilience » Senior Fellow of IHOPE (Integrated History Krishnamurthy. 2020. Valuing biodiversity ham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. » Mandle, L., Z. Ouyang, J. Salzman, I. Bateman, » Via Summa Day, Summa Equity and portfo- thinking, June 2020. Participant. and Future of People on Earth). and resilience: An application to pollinator » Folke, C. et al. 2020. Beijer Discussion Paper C. Folke, A. D. Guerry, C. Li, J. Li, S. Li, J. Liu, S. lio companies, Stockholm, September 2019. » Alumni meeting CEO Executive Programme diversity in the Stockholm region. Spatial 272: Our Future in the Anthropocene Bio- Polasky, M. Ruckelshaus, B. Vira, A. U. Que- » Member of the Ralph Yorque Society. Economic Analysis. In press. in Resilience Thinking, June 2020. sphere: Global sustainability and resilient sada, W. Xu, H. Zheng, and G.C. Daily. 2019. » Complexity and GRAID workshop, Stock- » Member of the Monaco Ocean Science Fed- societies. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. The case and movement for securing peo- holm, September 2019. Participant. » EAT Advisory Board meeting, June 2020. Teaching and training eration. » Folke, C., B.E. Crona, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, ple and nature. Pages 3-16 in L. Mandle, Z. » Acknowledging 10 years of Planetary » Monaco Blue Initiative, online workshop, » Module leader, lecturer and examiner, Mas- » Member of the Academic Advisory Board of L. Schultz, and H. Österblom. 2019. Collab- Ouyang, J. Salzman, and G.C. Daily, editors: Boundaries, symposium, the Royal Swedish June 2020. Panel member. ter’s level course Governance and man- STIAS, Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced orative approaches to biosphere steward- Green Growth That Works: Natural Capital Academy of Sciences, October 2019. Pres- agement of social-ecological: Economic Study, Stellenbosch, South Africa. ship. Pages 41-50 in L. Mandle, Z. Ouyang, Policy and Finance Mechanisms Around the entation. Teaching and training perspectives, Stockholm Resilience Centre, » Member of the SIGHT Advisory Committee J. Salzman, and G.C. Daily, editors: Green World. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. Stockholm University, spring 2020. » Evening event, Postdoc Academy for Trans- » Lecturer, CEO Executive Programme Re- (The Swedish Institute for Global Health Growth That Works: Natural Capital Policy » Norström, A.V., C. Cvitanovic, M.F. Löf, S. formational Leadership Seminar II, Bosch silience Thinking: Transformative Business Transformation), the Royal Swedish Acade- and Finance Mechanisms Around the World. West, C. Wyborn, P. Balvanera, A.T. Bednarek, Grants awarded in competition Foundation and Stockholm Resilience Cen- Leadership for a Prosperous Planet, Stock- my of Sciences. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. E.M. Bennett, R. Biggs, A. de Bremond, B.M. tre, Restauranglabbet, Stockholm, October holm Resilience Centre. » “What makes effective climate policies po- Campbell, J.G. Canadell, S.R. Carpenter, C. » Member of the International Scientific Advi- » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.B. Jouffray, E.F. 2019. Presentation and reflection. » Lecturer for leadership of Atlas Copco, litically feasible”, FORMAS (Swedish gov- Folke, E.A. Fulton, O. Gaffney, S. Gelcich, J.B. sory Board, Helsinki Institute of Sustainabil- Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Crona, » Beijer Foundation seminar, Hovstallet, Stockholm Resilience Centre. ernment research council for sustainable Jouffray, M. Leach, M. Le Tissier, B. Martín- ity Science, HELSUS, University of Helsinki, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpenter, J.M. Stockholm, October 2019. Presentation. development) grant, 5 years, SEK 10m. López, E. Louder, M.F. Loutre, A.M. Meadow, Finland. Co-applicant. Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, A. Dauri-

48 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 49 » Member of the International Scientific Ad- S.R. Carpenter, and C. Folke. 2019. Anatomy Teaching and training Svenska Dagbladet, Under Strecket, 31 Sep- visory Council, The Waterloo Institute for Victor Galaz and resilience of the global production eco- » Main supervisor of PhD candidate Ami tember 2019. Complexity and Innovation (WICI), Universi- Associate Professor, system. Nature 575:98-108. Golland and co-supervisor of PhD candi- » Appearances in Swedish media including Åsa Gren ty of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Affiliated researcher, PhD, Researcher Programme Director » Peters, G.B., J. Pierre, and V. Galaz. 2019. Sim- date Alice Dauriach (Sustainability Science, Sveriges Radio (Dystopia, Studio Ett, Klotet, » Member of the Advisory board, Internation- Governance, technology ple solutions for complexity? Pages 188-210 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm Korrespondenterna), Svenska Dagbladet, Da- al Network of Research on Coupled Human and complexity in V. Galaz, editor: Global Challenges, Com- University). gens Nyheter, Expressen, and podcasts Det and Natural Systems (CHANS-Net). plexity, and Governance: Applications and Dagliga Värvet, Expressen Klimatprat, Rethink. Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, Chelten- Commissions » Lead faculty of Earth System Governance Research focus Research focus ham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. » Deputy Director at Stockholm Resilience Project. Creating resilient, sustainable and healthy urban Governance, institutions, Earth system govern- Centre. » Scientific Director for the CEO Executive areas by integrating ecosystem services into spa- ance, complex adaptive systems, networked risks, Conferences, workshops Johan Gars Programme in Resilience Thinking: Trans- » External evaluator of the PhD thesis of Edith tial urban planning and design, e.g. by using the technological change, financial systems. and presentations PhD, Researcher formative Business Leadership for a Pros- Wilkinson, Cranfield Defence and Security, ecosystem service of pollination as an entry point » AI, People and the Planet, international sci- perous Planet, Stockholm Resilience Centre. Publications Cranfield University, UK, 3 December 2019. for navigating climate change and urban expan- entific workshop and evening event, hosted sion in cities and by combining urban expansion » Advisory board of EAT and EAT Forum. » Folke, C. et al. 2020. Beijer Discussion Paper by the Consulate General of Sweden in New » Evaluator of application by Dr. Irina Brass for and sustainable food production in urban agricul- 272: Our Future in the Anthropocene Bio- York and Princeton University, New York promotion to Associate Professor, Universi- » Board member of the SeaBOS (Seafood tural landscapes. Applying an ecosystem service sphere: Global sustainability and resilient City, USA, October 2019. Main organiser, ty College London, London, UK. Research focus Business for Ocean Stewardship) Founda- lens for navigating different human health aspects societies. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. speaker and panel member. » Steering Group Member of Exponential Economics of natural resource use and global en- tion. in an urban planning and design context. Roadmap, a science-business initiative in- vironmental problems. » Senior Advisor of the Ecosperity Advisory » Folke, C., B.E. Crona, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, » KIKK festival, Namur, Belgium, November L. Schultz, and H. Österblom. 2019. Collab- cluding Stockholm Resilience Centre, Future Publications Group, Temasek. 2019. Keynote speaker: Our planet on the Publications orative approaches to biosphere steward- Edge: can technology really save us? Earth, Ericsson, Sitra, Potsdam Institute for » Colding, J., Å. Gren, and S. Barthel. 2020. The » Chair of the scientific committee of the Vol- ship. Pages 41-50 in L. Mandle, Z. Ouyang, Climate Impact Research, and others, since » Engström, G., J. Gars, N. Jaakkola, T. Lindahl, » Du sköra nya värld? AI, ekonomin och plan- incremental demise of urban green spaces. vo Environment Prize. J. Salzman, and G.C. Daily, editors: Green 2019. D. Spiro, and A. van Benthem. 2020. Beijer eten (Frail new world? AI, the economy and Land 9(5):162. » Selection committee of the Kenneth Bould- Growth That Works: Natural Capital Policy Discussion Paper 271: What policies address the planet), breakfast seminar, Institute for » Co-founder and Council Member of the » Engström, G., Å. Gren, C.-Z. Li, and C.K.B. ing Award, International Society for Ecolog- and Finance Mechanisms Around the World. both the corona virus crisis and the climate Futures Studies, Stockholm, November Stockholm Climate Security Hub, a sci- Krishnamurthy. 2020. Valuing biodiversity ical Economics. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. crisis? Beijer Discussion Paper Series. 2019. Main organiser. ence-policy initiative with support from the and resilience: An application to pollinator » Advisory and editorial board member of » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.B. Jouffray, E.F. Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs includ- » Gars, J. and C. Olovsson. 2019. Fuel for eco- » Så kan Riksbanken bidra till klimatpolitiken diversity in the Stockholm region. Spatial Ambio, the Anthropocene Review, Ecolog- Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Crona, ing Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm nomic growth? Journal of Economic Theory (How the Central Bank of Sweden can con- Economic Analysis. In press. ical Economics, Ecology and Society, Envi- M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpenter, J.M. Environment Institute, Stockholm Interna- 184:104941. tribute to climate policy), seminar, presenta- ronmental Conservation, Environment and Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, A. Dauri- tional Water Institute, and Stockholm In- tion by Anna Breman (the new deputy gov- Conferences, workshops Development Economics, Environmental In- ach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kautsky, B.H. ternational Peace Research Institute, since Teaching and training ernor of the Central Bank of Sweden) with and presentations novation and Societal Transitions, Frontiers Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and A. de 2018. » Lecturer, Master’s level course Governance panel discussion, Stockholm, March 2020. » Climate Action Weeks, organised by the in Ecology and the Environment, Global Sus- Zeeuw. 2019. Transnational corporations and management of social-ecological sys- Main organiser and moderator. » Editor of journal Global Perspectives, since Nordic Council of Ministers (Nordiska minis- tainability, One Earth, Proceedings of the and the challenge of biosphere stewardship. tems: Economic perspectives, Stockholm 2019. terrådet), Stockholm, December 2019. Pres- National Academy of Sciences of the United Nature Ecology and Evolution 3(10):1396- » The Geopolitics of COVID-19 and Climate Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, » Subject editor for journal Ecology and Soci- entation: Smart growth and environmental States of America, Resilience: International 1403. Change, webinar, Mistra Geopolitics, April spring 2020. performance. 2020. Keynote speaker: After the pandemic ety, since 2008. Policies, Practices and Discourses, Reviews » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.-B. Jouffray, » Guest lecturer, undergraduate level course – what can we expect? » Journal reviewer for Ecology and Society, » Strategic workshop, Strategi för identifi- in Ecological Economics, Sustainability, and E.F. Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Ekologisk ekonomi (Ecological economics) Ecological Economics, Earth System Gov- ering av frågor att utreda inom ramen för Sustainability Science. Crona, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpen- » AI:s roll för att möta stora samhällsutmanin- (lecture: Economics of climate change), De- ernance, Proceedings of the National Acad- systematiska forskningssammanställningar » Lord-in-Waiting (Kabinettskammarherre), ter, J.M. Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, gar (The role of AI in facing major societal partment of Physical Geography and Stock- emy of Sciences of the United States of (Strategy for identification of research top- Swedish Royal Court. A. Dauriach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kaut- challenges), Vinnova (Sweden’s innovation holm Resilience Centre, Stockholm Univer- America, Nature Ecology and Evolution, Na- ics within the systematic research compi- sky, B.H. Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and agency), online seminar, May 2020. Keynote sity, spring 2020. ture Sustainability, Ambio, Global Govern- lation framework), FORMAS (Swedish gov- Other A. de Zeeuw. 2020. An invitation for more speaker: AI och klimatutmaningen (AI and ance, Public Administration, European Po- » Supervisor of three students (Ivan Ge- ernment research council for sustainable research on transnational corporations and the climate challenge). » Work with Svenskt Tenn, Eric Ericsson and litical Science Review, Global Environmental din, Sofia Hjortberg and Elisabet Lindén development, Stockholm, February 2020. the biosphere. Nature Ecology and Evolu- Lars Arrhenius on the exhibition Welcome » Digitala Föreläsningar: Kropp, själ och sam- Change, Environment, Development and Calatayud) within the Visual Design pro- Participant). tion 4:494. to the Biosphere, Svenskt Tenn, August-Oc- hälle under corona (Digital lectures: Body, Sustainability, and Environmental Politics. gramme at Beckman’s Design School. tober 2019. » Galaz, V. (editor) 2019. Global Challenges, soul and society under coronavirus), Karo- Teaching and training linska Institute, Stockholm University and Commissions » Member of the Steering Committee of the Complexity, and Governance: Applications Media coverage » Lecturer, Master’s level course Sustainable Kulturhuset Stadsteatern, May 2020. Lec- Nobel Prize Summit 2020-2021 “Our Plan- and Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, » Maskinerna undrar allt mer hur du mår (Ma- » Journal reviewer for Economic Policy, Inter- Development and the Design Professions turer: Hur påverkas klimatarbetet av coro- et, Our Future”. The United States National Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. chines are monitoring how you feel). Galaz, national Journal of Environmental Research (lecture: Ecosystem services and resilience napandemin? (Effects of the coronavirus Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and » Galaz, V. 2020. Climate and environmental V. Svenska Dagbladet, Under Strecket, 9 and Public Health, and Sustainability. in an urban planning and design context), epidemic on climate work) Medicine, in partnership with the Nobel crises. In E. Stern, editor: Encyclopaedia of March 2020. Chalmers University of Technology, Gothen- Foundation (Stockholm), the Potsdam Insti- » Digital festival Reflex, May 2020. Speaker: Grants awarded in competition Crisis Analysis. Oxford University Press, UK. » AI can tackle the climate emergency – if de- burg, autumn 2019 and spring 2020. tute for Climate Impact Research (Potsdam, Hur påverkas klimatarbetet av Coronapan- » “What makes effective climate policies po- In press. veloped responsibly. Galaz, V. The Conver- » Main supervisor of Master’s student Olivie Germany), and Stockholm Resilience Cen- demin och klimatet (Effects of the coro- litically feasible”, FORMAS (Swedish gov- » Garcia, D., V. Galaz, and S. Daume. 2019. sation. 23 April 2020. Rostang (Sustainable Development, Uppsa- tre/Beijer Institute. navirus epidemic on climate work and the ernment research council for sustainable EATLancet vs yes2meat: The digital back- » Planeten efter pandemin (The planet after la University, Uppsala). » Member of the Technical Working Group of climate). development) grant, 5 years, SEK 10m. lash to the planetary health diet. The Lancet the pandemic). Galaz, V. Sveriges Natur, 3 » Main supervisor of Master’s student Blanca the Global Seafood Markets strategy evalu- » Couch Lesson: AI + Climate Change, Goethe Co-applicant. 394:2153-2154. June 2020. Sivertsen (Department of Environmental ation, The David and Lucile Packard Foun- Institute, Stockholm, June 2020. Keynote » Keys, P., V. Galaz, M. Dyer, N. Matthews, C. Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), dation and The Walton Family Foundation, speaker. » Är klimatoptimismen klimatets största hot? Folke, M. Nyström, and S. Cornell. 2019. Stockholm University). 2019-2020. (Is climate optimism the greatest threat to Anthropocene risk. Nature Sustainability the climate?). Galaz, V. Svenska Dagbladet, » Co-supervisor of Master’s student Stefan » Recognised as Highly Cited Researcher by 2:667-673. Under Strecket, 31 October 2019. Fogelkvist (Department of Environmental Thompson Reuters 2019. » Nyström, M., J.-B. Jouffray, A. Norström, P. » Felen om felen om Amazonas (The prob- Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Sogaard-Jørgensen, V. Galaz, B.-E. Crona, lems with the Amazon problem). Galaz, V. Stockholm University).

50 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 51 » Earth Stewardship – a foundation for sus- Commission Report Through a Blue Lens. Beijer Institute, Chalmers University of » Future Electricity Markets Summit, Sydney, tainability, Volvo Environment Prize Seminar, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Beijer Insti- Technology CeCAR (Centre for Collective Australia, November 2019. Presentation: Patrik Henriksson the Swedish Royal Museum of Natural His- tute, Global Economic Dynamics and the Action Research), June 2020. Presentation: Sofia Kristin Kokinelis Zero carbon electricity markets with grid- PhD, Affiliated researcher tory, November 2019. Panel member. Biosphere, Stockholm, Sweden. Policies for sustainable food consumption - MSc, Finance and scale storage. HR Administrator » Beijer Young Scholars 2, proposal writing an overview of knowledge and ways forward. workshop (Inequality and the Biosphere: Conferences, workshops Teaching and training Achieving the Sustainable Development and presentations Teaching and training » Lecturer, Master’s level course Environmen- Goals in an Unequal World), Stockholm, De- » Blue Food: Placing Aquatic Foods at the » Lecturer, undergraduate level course Sus- tal Economics and Policy, Swedish Univer- Research focus cember 2019. Organiser and participant. Centre of a Sustainable and Healthy Future, tainability perspectives on contemporary Sofia is Finance and HR Administrator for both sity of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, autumn Aquaculture and seafood, life cycle assessments Side event, Our Ocean Conference, Oslo, fisheries - Where Have all the Fishes Gone?, the Beijer Institute and the Global Economic Dy- 2019. (LCA), and antimicrobial use. » SeaBOS (Seafood Business for Ocean Stew- namics and the Biosphere Programme (GEDB) October 2019. Panellist and presentation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, » Lecturer, Master’s level course Forest Eco- ardship), workshop, online, May 2020. Par- at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Her The Blue Food Assessment - Putting aquat- autumn 2019. nomic Analysis, Swedish University of Agri- Publications ticipant. main tasks are accounting, financial reporting and ic production at the heart of global food cultural Sciences, Umeå, autumn 2019. » Heijungs, R., J.B. Guinée, A. Mendoza Bel- systems. Commissions budgeting. She also provides support and finan- trán, P.J.G. Henriksson, and E. Groen. 2019. Teaching and training cial information to researchers about their pro- » Main supervisor of PhD candidate Xiao Hu » Member of the Aquaculture Stewardship Everything is relative and nothing is certain. » Co-supervisor of PhD candidate Oskar Ny- » Postdoc Academy for Transformational jects, assisting them with budgeting and financial (Department of Forest Economics, Swedish Council's technical working group on revi- Toward a theory and practice of compara- berg (Department of Ecology, Environment Leadership Seminar I, Bosch Foundation, reporting. In her role as HR administrator, she University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå). sion of the shrimp aquaculture standard, tive probabilistic LCA. International Journal and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University). Transformations in human-environment prepares staff contracts and assists staff mem- 2019-2020. of Life Cycle Assessment 24(9):1573-1579. research: Mode and logics, Humboldt Uni- bers with different issues. Owing to the research Commissions versity of Berlin, Berlin, Germany, September » Journal reviewer for Ambio, One Earth and » Henriksson, P.J.G., L.K. Banks, S.K. Suri, T.Y. collaboration between the Beijer Institute and 2019. Participant. Reviews in Aquaculture. Sofia Käll Pratiwi, M.R. Fatan, and M. Troell. 2019. In- » Journal reviewer for The International Jour- Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC), her work re- PhD candidate nal of Life Cycle Assessment, One Earth, » Food, climate change and our future, panel quires close cooperation with the administration donesian aquaculture futures — identifying Grants awarded in competition interventions for reducing environmental Lancet Planetary Health, and American discussion, The Swedish Forum for Human team at SRC. impacts. Environmental Research Let- Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Rights, Linköping, November 2019. Panel » “Mistra food Futures”, Mistra (the Swedish ters 14:124062. member. Foundation for Strategic Environmental » En hållbar matkonsumtion för planeten och Research) grant, 5 years, SEK 80m. Co-ap- Sofia is a PhD candidate with the Global Econom- » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, P.J.G. Henriksson, Chandra Kiran hälsan: hur kommer vi dit? (Sustainable food plicant. ic Dynamics and the Biosphere (GEDB) Academy K. Malmros, M. Troell, A. Zorzet, and mem- Krishnamurthy Malin Jonell consumption for planet and health: how do programme. She has also been employed part- bers of the Living with Resistance project. PhD, Researcher Media coverage PhD, Researcher 2020. Coevolutionary governance of anti- we get there?), seminar, Konsumentverket time at the Beijer Institute during the past year, » Från köttnorm till vegonorm - vilka metoder biotic and pesticide resistance. Trends in (Swedish Consumer Agency), Stockholm, mainly to help develop the institute’s new website, är mest effektiva för att nå ett grönt para- Ecology and Evolution 35(6):484-494. November 2019. Invited speaker (with Ther- which was launched in December 2019. Among ese Lindahl): Metoder att förändra matvanor digmskifte? (From meat norm to vego norm Research focus other things, she also assisted in organising work- » Pelletier, N., R.W.R. Parker, and P.J.G. Hen- – vilka styrmedel fungerar på riktigt? (Meth- – what are the most effective methods for shops, including the yearly Askö meeting. riksson. 2019. Environmental nutrition and Research focus ods to change eating habits - Which policies achieving a green paradigm shift?). Mat & Environmental and resource economics, and the LCA. Pages 141-156 in J. Sabaté, editor: Envi- Food systems, sustainable aquatic production work?). Klimat, 10 June 2020. economics of energy. ronmental Nutrition: Connecting Health and and the role of private regulatory mechanisms in » Det friktionsfria livet – hållbar production » Det behöver bli lätt att äta rätt (It has to be Publications Nutrition with Environmentally Sustainable transforming food production and consumption. Christina Leijonhufvud och consumption (The friction-free life - easy to eat right). André E., N. Harring, M. » Arvaniti, M., A.-S. Crépin, and C.K. Krishna- Diets. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK. BA, Chief Administrator sustainable production and consumption), Jonell, J. Larsson, T. Lindahl, M. Persson, E. murthy. 2019. Time-consistent resource » Tlusty, M.F., P. Tyedmers, M. Bailey, F. Ziegler, Publications seminar, the Royal Swedish Academy of Ag- Röös, K. Resare Sahlin, and S. Säll. Dagens management with regime shifts. CER-ETH P.J.G. Henriksson, C. Béné, S. Bush, R. New- » Stoll, J.S., M. Bailey, and M. Jonell. 2019. Al- riculture and Forestry (KSLA), Stockholm, Nyheter, debate article, June 15 2020. Economics working paper series 19/329. ton, F. Asche, D.C. Little, M. Troell, and M. ternative pathways to sustainable seafood. January 2020. Presentation: Nudging – en » Stat och kommun kan spela en större roll Center of Economic Research, ETH Zu- Jonell. 2019. Reframing the sustainable Conservation Letters 13:e12683. knuff i rätt riktning (Nudging – a push in the för vår matkultur (State and municipality rich, Switzerland. seafood narrative. Global Environmental Christina was responsible for administration of the » Tlusty, M.F., P. Tyedmers, M. Bailey, F. Ziegler, right direction). can play a greater role in our food culture). Change 59:101991. » Krishnamurthy, C.K.B. and N. Ngo. 2020. Board and Askö meetings in September 2019. She P.J.G. Henriksson, C. Béné, S. Bush, R. New- André E., N. Harring, M. Jonell, J. Larsson, T. » Workshop Blue Food Assessment, Stanford The effects of smart-parking on transit and organised the Volvo Environment Prize seminar in ton, F. Asche, D.C. Little, M. Troell, and M. Lindahl, M. Persson, E. Röös, K. Resare Sahl- Reports University, Palo Alto, USA, January 2020. traffic: Evidence from SFpark. Journal of En- November 2019. She is responsible for administra- Jonell. 2019. Reframing the sustainable in, and S. Säll. 2020. Dagens Nyheter, debate Co-organiser. vironmental Economics and Management tion of guest research posts and the Beijer Fellows » Henriksson, P.J.G., L.K. Banks, S. Suri, T.Y. seafood narrative. Global Environmental article, 26 June 2020. Pratiwi, N. Ahmad Fatan, and M. Troell. 2019. Change 59:101991. » Postdoc Academy for Transformational 99:102273. network, and deals with various office tasks. The Future of Aquaculture in Indonesia: A Leadership Seminar II, Bosch Foundation, Other » Engström, G., Å. Gren, C.-Z. Li, and C.K.B. Transformation Toward Increased Sustain- Reports Transdisciplinary Research Environments Krishnamurthy. 2020. Valuing biodiversity » Member of the Postdoc Academy for Trans- ability. Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish. Policy and Transdisciplinary Learning, Leuphana and resilience: An application to pollinator » Lindahl T. and M. Jonell. 2020. Metoder för formational Leadership of the Robert Bosch Chuan-Zhong Li Brief: 2019-14. att ändra kostvanor (Methods for Chang- University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany, diversity in the Stockholm region. Spatial February 2020. Participant. Foundation (second cohort), since 2019. Professor, ing Diets). Konsumentverket (The Swedish Economic Analysis. In press. Affiliated researcher Conferences, workshops Consumer Agency), report 2020:4. » Small Scale Fisheries Funders Network » Contribution to One Earth Voices: Trans- and presentations Monthly Webinar: Blue Food Assessment, forming Society’s Food Choices. Crona, B., Reports » Röös, E., J. Larsson, K. Resare Sahlin, M. and M. Jonell. 2019. Sustainable Blue Food » Exploring factors influencing antimicrobial March 2020. Presentation: The Blue Food » Jaraitė, J., A. Kažukauskas, R. Brännlund, Jonell, T. Lindahl, E. André, S. Säll, N. Harring, Systems. One Earth 1(3):273. resistance in Europe, workshop, AMResil- and M. Persson. 2020. Styrmedel för hållbar Assessment - Putting aquatic production at C.K.B. Krishnamurthy, and B. Kriström. 2019. Research focus the heart of global food systems. » Jonell, M. 2020. Kost som gör gott för häl- Intermittency and Pricing Flexibility in Elec- ience Project, Stockholm Resilience Centre, matkonsumtion: En kunskapsöversikt och Environmental and resource economics, dynamic san och planeten (Diets that are good for tricity Markets, Report 2019:588, Energi- September, 2019. Participant. vägar framåt (Policy Instruments for Sus- » Webinar organised by Konsumentverket welfare analysis, sustainability, energy economics, human health and the planet). Barnläkaren forsk. » AMResilience Project, workshop, Penang, tainable Food Consumption: A Review of the (Swedish Consumer Agency), May 2020. resilience studies. Nr.2/2020:26–27. Malaysia, October 2019. Participant. Evidence and Ways Forward). SLU Future Invited speaker (with Therese Lindahl): Metoder för att ändra kostvanor (Methods » Featured in short film by Stockholm Universi- Conferences, workshops Publications » 5th Global Science Conference on Cli- Food Reports 13, Swedish University of Agri- for changing diets). ty Media: “Can one "help" consumers to make and presentations mate-Smart Agriculture, Denpasar, Indone- cultural Sciences, SLU Future Food. » Engström, G., Å. Gren, C.-Z. Li, and C.K.B. sustainable decisions?“ Available at: https:// » Sustainable Development Symposium, Co- sia, October 2019. Participant. » Troell, M., M. Jonell, and B. Crona. 2019. » How to make food consumption more sus- Krishnamurthy. 2020. Valuing biodiversity lumbia University, New York City, USA. Oc- Scoping report: The Role of Seafood in Sus- tainable, webinar organised by Mistra Sus- www.su.se/om-oss/fakta/agenda-2030/film- and resilience: An application to pollinator tober 2019. Presentation: Zero carbon elec- tainable and Healthy Diets, The EAT-Lancet tainable Consumption, SLU Future Foods, er-om-h%C3%A5llbarhetsforskning diversity in the Stockholm region. Spatial tricity markets with grid-scale storage. Economic Analysis. In press.

52 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 53 » Li, C.-Z., Wei, C., and Y. Yu. 2020. Income » Engström, G., J. Gars, N. Jaakkola, T. Lindahl, nar, the Swedish Royal Museum of Natural » Co-supervisor of PhD candidate Lina Isacs » Schill, C. and J.C. Rocha. 2019. Beijer Dis- threshold, household appliance ownership D. Spiro, and A. van Benthem. 2020. Beijer History, November 2019. Moderator. (Division of Environmental Strategies Re- cussion Paper 270: Uncertainty can help and residential energy consumption in ur- Discussion Paper 271: What policies address » Seminar in economics, Thailand Develop- search, Royal Institute of Technology, Stock- Daniel Ospina protect local commons in the face of climate ban China. China Economic Review 60:1-12. both the coronavirus crisis and the climate ment Research Institute (TDRI), Bangkok, holm). PhD candidate change. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. » Shen, M., D. Mao, H. Xie, and C.-Z. Li. 2019. crisis? Beijer Discussion Paper Series. Thailand, January 2020. Invited speaker: The social costs of marine litter along the » Hassler, J., B. Carlén, J. Eliasson, F. Johnsson, Collective action for avoiding ecological Commissions Reports East China Sea: Evidence from ten coastal P. Krusell, T. Lindahl, J. Nycander, Å. Romson, regime shifts: insights from behavioural ex- » Scientific council member, Fores, Stock- » The Care Operative (Bernstein, M.J., M. scenic spots of Zhejiang province, China. and T. Sterner. 2020. Konjunkturrådets rap- periments. holm, since 2010. Chapman, I. Diaz-Reviriego, G. Dressler, M. Research focus Felipe Lucia, C. Friis, S. Graham, H. Haen- Sustainability 11:1-15. port 2020: Svensk politik för globalt klimat » Konjunkturrådsrapporten 2020 (Economic » Co-stream leader of Biosphere Steward- Coupled dynamics of rural livelihoods and land- ke, J. Haider, M. Hernandez, H. Hoffmann, » Wu, S., X. Zheng, J. Guo, C.-Z. Li, and C. (The Economic Policy Council Report 2020: Policy Council Report 2020), seminar and ship Stream, Stockholm Resilience Centre, scapes in developing regions, amidst increasing M. Kernecker, P. Nicol, C. Piñeiro, H. Pitt, C. Wei. 2020. Quantifying energy consump- Swedish Policy for the Global Climate). SNS panel discussion, Studieförbundet Näring- Stockholm University, since 2016. global connectivity and urbanisation. Under- Schill, V. Seufert, K. Shu, V. Valencia, and J. tion in household surveys: An alternative publisher, Stockholm, Sweden. sliv och Samhälle (Centre for Business and » SARAS Associate, South American Institute standing how rural out-migration and remittanc- Zaehringer). 2020. Collaborating with Care device-based accounting approach. Field » Schill, C., J. M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, Policy Studies), Stockholm, January 2020. for Resilience and Sustainability Studies es shape land use/management decisions, and in Virtual Sessions. Open Science Founda- Methods 32:213-232. S. Polasky, J.C. Cárdenas, A.-S. Crépin, M.A Panellist. (SARAS), since 2018. particularly the conditions under which these ru- tion. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17605/ Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter, 2019. » Yu, Y., and C.-Z. Li. 2020. Green certificate » Economics seminar series, Department of » Journal reviewer for Proceedings of the Na- ral-urban teleconnections can contribute to forest OSF.IO/HG3SW. A more dynamic understanding of human trading, renewable portfolio standard and Economics, Swedish University of Agricul- tional Academy of Sciences of the United regrowth. behaviour for the Anthropocene, Nature tax burden reductions. Chinese Journal of tural Sciences, Ultuna, March 2020. Invited States of America, Environmental and Re- Conferences, workshops Sustainability 2:1075-1082. Population, Resources and Environment speaker: Collective action for avoiding eco- source Economics, Journal of Environmen- Conferences, workshops and presentations 2:80-88 (in Chinese with an English ab- logical regime shifts: insights from behav- and presentations tal Economics and Management, Economic » Postdoc Academy for Transformational stract). Reports ioural experiments. Policy, Ecological Economics, and Resourc- » SES-link project winter retreat, Stockholm, Leadership Seminar III, Bosch Foundation, » Lindahl T. and M. Jonell. 2020. Metoder för » Research seminar series, Institute for Future es, Conservations & Recycling. January 2020. Participant. Transformative capacity and agency for Conferences, workshops att ändra kostvanor (Methods for Chang- Studies (IFFS), online, April 2020. Invited » Beijer Young Scholars 3, online workshop, people and planet, Stockholm Resilience and presentations ing Diets). Konsumentverket (The Swedish speaker: Swedish policy for global climate: Grants awarded in competition June 2020. Participant. Centre, Stockholm University, October 2019. Consumer Agency), report 2020:4. » The 10th International Research Meeting on what is it and how can we get there? » “What makes effective climate policies po- Participant. Business and Management, subconference » Resare Sahlin K., E. Röös, and T. Lindahl. Teaching and training » Utvecklingsprogrammet (the Development litically feasible”, FORMAS (Swedish govern- » Earth Stewardship – a foundation for sus- in Environmental Economics, Nice, France, 2019. Hållbara val av kött: Konsument- Programme) KliMATval, digital workshop, ment research council for sustainable devel- » Lecturer, Master’s level course Resilience tainability, Volvo Environment Prize Seminar, July 2019. Presentation: An explicit formula ers möjligheter att agera hållbart på den Stockholm Resilience Centre, Albaeco, and opment) grant, 5 years, SEK 10 M. Principal Reflections and Applications, Stockholm the Swedish Royal Museum of Natural His- for optimal carbon taxes under general eco- svenska köttmarknaden (Sustainable Meat Sveriges kommuner och Regioner (Swe- investigator. Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, tory, November 2019. Panel member. nomic settings. Choices: Consumer Options to Act Sustain- den’s Municipalities and Regions), April » “Mistra food Futures”, Mistra (the Swedish spring 2020. ably on the Swedish Meat Market), Konsu- » Beijer Young Scholars 2, proposal writing » The first RUC (Renmin University of China) 2020. Organiser and presentation. Foundation for Strategic Environmental Re- workshop (Inequality and the Biosphere: and CAERE (Chinese Association of Envi- mentverket (The Swedish Consumer Agen- Other » Webinar organised by Konsumentverket search) grant, 5 years, SEK 80m. Co-appli- Achieving the Sustainable Development ronment and Resource Economists) joint cy), report 2019:5. (Swedish Consumer Agency), May 2020. cant and work package leader. » Member of Beijer Young Scholars 3, topic: Goals in an Unequal World), Stockholm, De- workshop, Beijing, China, July 2019. Keynote » Röös, E., J. Larsson, K. Resare Sahlin, M. Invited speaker (with Malin Jonell): Metoder Globalisation and the Biosphere, since 2019. cember 2019. Organiser and participant. lecture: Ecological resilience and economic Jonell, T. Lindahl, E. André, S. Säll, N. Harring, Media coverage för att ändra kostvanor (Methods for chang- » Parental leave: July-December 2019 (100%); sustainability: Theory and methods. and M. Persson. 2020. Styrmedel för hållbar » Postdoc Academy for Transformational ing diets). » Inrikta svensk klimatpolitik på globala ut- January-March 2020 (50%); April-June Leadership, Care Operative workshop, on- matkonsumtion: En kunskapsöversikt och släppsminskningar (Steer Swedish climate » Kunskapsklustret för hållbara städer 2020 (20%) line, March 2019. Participant. vägar framåt (Policy Instruments for Sus- policy towards global emission reductions). (Knowledge cluster for sustainable cities), tainable Food Consumption: A Review of the Hassler J., B. Carlén, J. Eliasson, F. Johnsson, Therese Lindahl online workshop series, Centre for Sustaina- Teaching and training Evidence and Ways Forward). SLU Future P. Krusell, T. Lindahl, J. Nycander, Å. Rom- PhD, Programme Director Food Reports 13, Swedish University of Agri- ble Urban Futures, University of Gothenburg son, and T. Sterner. Dagens Nyheter, debate Caroline Schill » Module leader, lecturer and examiner, Mas- Behaviour, economics cultural Sciences, SLU Future Food. and Chalmers University of Technology, and nature article, 15 January 2020. PhD, Researcher ter’s level course Governance and manage- Gothenburg, April-June 2020. Participant. ment of social-ecological systems: Theories » Det behöver bli lätt att äta rätt (It has to be Conferences, workshops » Framtidens matbutik (Future food stores), and methods for governance of the com- easy to eat right). André E., N. Harring, M. and presentations online workshop, Vinnova (Sweden’s inno- mons, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stock- Jonell, J. Larsson, T. Lindahl, M. Persson, E. Research focus » Klimatsmart mat och hållbar livsmedelspro- vation agency), June 2020. Participant. holm University, spring 2020. Röös, K. Resare Sahlin, and S. Säll. Dagens Human behaviour in social-ecological systems, in duktion (Climate smart food and sustaina- Nyheter, debate article, June 15 2020. Research focus » Co-supervisor of Master’s student trainee particular how ecosystem dynamics (e.g. thresh- ble food systems), seminar, Studieförbun- Teaching and training Human behaviour in social-ecological systems. Paula Sanchez Garcia (Social-Ecological old effects, uncertainty, variability, spatial dynam- det Näringsliv och Samhälle (Centre for » Stat och kommun kan spela en större roll » Lecturer and examiner, Master’s level How human behaviour shapes, and is shaped by, Resilience for Sustainable Development, ics) influence resource users’ exploitation and business and policy studies), Stockholm, för vår matkultur (State and municipality course Governance and management of different social-ecological contexts. Particular in- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm cooperation behaviour and implications for natu- October 2019. Invited speaker: Att skapa ett can play a greater role in our food culture). social-ecological systems: Economic per- terest in collective action and sustainability in con- University). ral resource management. Methods for changing hållbart livsmedelsystem (Creating a sus- André E., N. Harring, M. Jonell, J. Larsson, T. spectives, Stockholm Resilience Centre, texts of environmental change and uncertainty. attitudes, perceptions and behaviour towards the tainable food system) (broadcast on Swed- Stockholm University, spring 2020. Lindahl, M. Persson, E. Röös, K. Resare Sahl- Commissions in, and S. Säll 2020. Dagens Nyheter, debate environment. ish television). » Lecturer, undergraduate level course Ekol- » Journal reviewer for Ecological Economics article, 26 June 2020. Publications Publications » En hållbar matkonsumtion för planeten och ogisk ekonomi (Ecological economics), and One Earth. hälsan: hur kommer vi dit? (Sustainable food Department of Physical Geography and » Från köttnorm till vegonorm - vilka metoder » Rocha, J., C. Schill, L.M. Saavedra-Díaz, R. del » Bratman, G.N., C.B. Anderson, M.G. Berman, consumption for planet and health: how do Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm är mest effektiva för att nå ett grönt para- Pilar Moreno-Sánchez, and J.H. Maldonado. Other B. Cochran, S. de Vries, J. Flanders, C. Folke, we get there?), seminar, Konsumentverket University, spring 2020. digmskifte? (From meat norm to vego norm 2019. Beijer Discussion Paper 268: Coop- H. Frumkin, J.J. Gross, T. Hartig, P.H. Kahn » Member of the Postdoc Academy for Trans- (Swedish Consumer Agency), Stockholm, – what are the most effective methods for eration in the face of thresholds, risk, and Jr., M. Kuo, J.J. Lawler, P.S. Levin, T. Lindahl, » Lecturer, undergraduate level course En- formational Leadership of the Robert Bosch November 2019. Invited speaker (with Malin achieving a green paradigm shift?). Mat & uncertainty. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. A. Meyer-Lindenberg, R. Mitchell, Z. Ouyang, vironmental management in planning, De- Foundation (first cohort), since 2018. Jonell): Metoder att förändra matvanor – vil- Klimat, 10 June 2020. J. Roe, L. Scarlett, J.R. Smith, M. van den partment of Physical Geography, Stockholm » Schill, C., J.M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, » Blog post: Outbreaks, break-outs and break- ka styrmedel fungerar på riktigt? (Methods Bosch, B.W. Wheeler, M.P. White, H. Zheng, University, spring 2020. S. Polasky, J.C. Cárdenas, A.-S. Crépin, M.A. times: Creating caring online workshops. to change eating habits - Which policies Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter. 2019. and G.C. Daily. 2019. Nature and mental » Co-supervisor of PhD candidate Noah The Care Operative. Integration and Im- work?). A more dynamic understanding of human health: An ecosystem service perspective. Linder (Environmental Psychology, Depart- plementation Insights: Research resources behaviour for the Anthropocene. Nature Science Advances 5:eaax0903. » Earth Stewardship – a foundation for sus- ment of Building, Energy, and Environmental for understanding and acting on complex Sustainability 2:1075-1082. tainability, Volvo Environment Prize Semi- Engineering, University of Gävle, Gävle).

54 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 55 real-world problems blog (i2insights.org), 16 Production 230:402-411. animal farming, workshop, Axfoundation, » Journal Reviewer for Nature Foods, Marine » Colding, J., M. Wallhagen, P. Sörqvist, L. » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, P.J.G. Henriksson, June 2020. » Henriksson, P.J.G., L.K. Banks, S.K. Suri, T.Y. Stockholm, November 2019. Participant. Policy, and Aquaculture Environment Inter- Marcus, K. Hillman, K. Samuelsson, and S. K. Malmros, M. Troell, A. Zorzet, and mem- » Parental leave: July-August 2019 (100%); Pratiwi, M.R. Fatan, and M. Troell. 2019. In- » MASMA (Marine and Coastal Science for actions. Barthel. 2020. Applying a systems perspec- bers of the Living with Resistance project. January-March 2020 (50%); April-June donesian aquaculture futures — identifying Management) Grantees Meeting, Mombasa, tive on the notion of the Smart City. Smart 2020. Coevolutionary governance of anti- 2020 (20%). interventions for reducing environmental Kenya, November 2019. Participant. Media coverage Cities 3(2):420-429. biotic and pesticide resistance. Trends in » Interviewed in Swedish Radio Science Pro- Ecology and Evolution 35(6):484-494. impacts. Environmental Research Let- » Regional workshop on development of an » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J. B. Jouffray, E.F. gramme (SR Vetenskapsradion) for a story ters 14:124062. integrated livelihoods approach for Pacif- Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. Crona, » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, and S.C. Carroll. with title: Fiskodling ute till havs fortstätter » Jørgensen, P.S., C. Folke, P.J.G. Henriksson, ic Island small-scale fishing communities, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpenter, J.M. 2019. Evolution in the Anthropocene: In- Agneta Sundin att utvecklas (Offshore marine aquaculture K. Malmros, M. Troell, A. Zorzet, and mem- Townsville, Australia, November 2019. Par- Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, A. Dauri- forming governance and policy. Annual Re- Communications Officer is developin), 17 Februray 2020. Available bers of the Living with Resistance project. ticipant. ach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kautsky, B.H. view of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics at: https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx- 2020. Coevolutionary governance of anti- Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and A. de 50:527-546. » Blue Economy, mini-symposium and work- ?programid=406&artikel=7408538 Zeeuw. 2019. Transnational corporations biotic and pesticide resistance. Trends in shop, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, » Keys, P., V. Galaz, M. Dyer, N. Matthews, C. Ecology and Evolution 35(6):484-494. and the challenge of biosphere stewardship. Folke, M. Nyström, and S. Cornell. 2019. Australia, December 2019. Participant. Nature Ecology and Evolution 3(10):1396– Agneta’s responsibilities include developing and » Kummu, M., P. Kinnunen, E. Lehikoinen, M. Anthropocene risk. Nature Sustainability editing the website and the annual report and » 20-year retrospective Nature Paper, work- 1403. 2:667-673. Porkka, C. Queiroz, E. Röös, M. Troell, and shop, Center on Food Security and the En- administering the Beijer publication series, as C. Weil. 2020. Interplay of trade and food » Folke, C., H. Österblom, J.-B. Jouffray, » Krishnamurthy, C.K.B. and N. Ngo. 2020. well as taking part in organising workshops and vironment (FSE), Stanford University, Stan- E.F. Lambin, W.N. Adger, M. Scheffer, B.I. system resilience: Gains on supply diversity ford, USA, January 2020. Participant. Publications The effects of smart-parking on transit and other events. A member of Stockholm Resilience over time at the cost of trade independency. Crona, M. Nyström, S.A. Levin, S.R. Carpen- traffic: Evidence from SFpark. Journal of En- Centre’s (SRC) communications team, Agneta is Global Food Security 24:100360. » Blue Food Assessment, Scientific Team Journal articles ter, J.M. Anderies, S. Chapin, A.-S. Crépin, vironmental Economics and Management involved in activities arranged jointly by SRC, Bei- Leadership Meeting, Stanford University, » Barrett, S., A. Dasgupta, P. Dasgupta, W. Neil A. Dauriach, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, N. Kaut- 99:102273. jer and Albaeco, for example the Stockholm Sem- » Metian, M., M. Troell, V. Christensen, J. Steen- Stanford, USA, January 2020. Participant. sky, B.H. Walker, J.R. Watson, J. Wilen, and beek, and S. Poui. 2019. Mapping diversity of Adger, J. Anderies, J. van den Bergh, C. Bled- » Kummu, M., P. Kinnunen, E. Lehikoinen, M. inars series. In addition, she was project leader for » Aquaculture Environmental Impact and Nu- soe, J. Bongaarts, S. Carpenter, F.S. Chapin, A. de Zeeuw. 2020. An invitation for more the course for students at the Beckman School species in global aquaculture. Reviews in research on transnational corporations and Porkka, C. Queiroz, E. Röös, M. Troell, and Aquaculture 12(2):1090-1100. trition Modeling, workshop, Harvard School A.-S. Crépin, G. Daily, P. Ehrlich, C. Folke, N. C. Weil. 2020. Interplay of trade and food of Design in February-March and the subsequent of Public Health, Boston, USA, February Kautsky, E.F. Lambin, S.A. Levin, K.G. Mäler, the biosphere. Nature Ecology and Evolu- exhibition Tipping Points, which has been post- » Tlusty, M.F., P. Tyedmers, M. Bailey, F. Ziegler, tion 4:494. system resilience: Gains on supply diversity 2020. Participant. R. Naylor, K. Nyborg, S. Polasky, M. Scheffer, over time at the cost of trade independency. poned to September 2020. In autumn 2019, she P.J.G. Henriksson, C. Béné, S. Bush, R. New- J. Shogren, P. S. Jørgensen, B. Walker, and » Garcia, D., V. Galaz, and S. Daume. 2019. led the project to develop a new website for the ton, F. Asche, D.C. Little, M. Troell, and M. » Genomförandet av den strategiska forsk- Global Food Security 24:100360. ningsagendan för livsmedel: Vägen till ett J. Wilen. 2020. Social dimensions of fertility EATLancet vs yes2meat: the digital back- institute, which was successfully launched in De- Jonell. 2019. Reframing the sustainable behavior and consumption patterns in the lash to the planetary health diet. The Lancet » Li, C.-Z., Wei, C., and Y. Yu. 2020. Income cember 2019. seafood narrative. Global Environmental hållbart och konkurrenskraftigt livsme- threshold, household appliance ownership delssystem (Implementing the strategic Anthropocene. Proceedings of the National 394:2153-2154. Change 59:101991. Academy of Sciences of the United States and residential energy consumption in ur- research agenda for food: Pathways to a » Garmestani, A.S., J.B. Ruhl, B.C. Chaffin, R.K. ban China. China Economic Review 60:1-12. sustainable and competitive food system), of America 117(12):6300-6307. Craig, H.F.M.W. van Rijswick, D.G. Angeler, C. Reports » Metian, M., M. Troell, V. Christensen, J. Steen- Max Troell workshop, FORMAS (Swedish government » Boltz, F., N. LeRoy Poff, C. Folke, N. Kete, Folke, L.H. Gunderson, D.Twidwell, and C.R. » Axfoundation. 2020. Kriterier och frågebat- beek, and S. Poui. 2019. Mapping diversity of Associate Professor, research council for sustainable develop- C.M. Brown, S. St. George Freeman, J.H. Allen. 2019. Untapped capacity for resilience teri för ansvarsfull användning av antibiotika Programme Director ment), Stockholm, January 2020. Participant. Matthews, A. Martinez, and J. Rockström. in environmental law. Proceedings of the species in global aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture and till livsmedelsproducerande djur Version 2.0 2019. Water is a master variable: Solving for National Academy of Sciences of the United Aquaculture 12(2):1090-1100. sustainable seafood (Criteria and Issues Regarding Responsible Commissions resilience in the modern era. Water Security States of America 116:19899-19904. » Norström, A.V., C. Cvitanovic, M.F. Löf, S. Use of Antibiotics in Animal Farming), Ax- 8:100048. West, C. Wyborn, P. Balvanera, A.T. Bednarek, foundation Report, Sweden. » Member of MASMA (Marine and Coastal » Gars, J. and C. Olovsson. 2019. Fuel for eco- Research focus Science for Management) Programme Com- » Bratman, G.N., C.B. Anderson, M.G. Berman, nomic growth? Journal of Economic Theory E.M. Bennett, R. Biggs, A. de Bremond, B.M. » Troell, M., M. Jonell, and B. Crona. 2019. Sustainability of global seafood system, aquacul- mittee, Research reviews and programme B. Cochran, S. de Vries, J. Flanders, C. Folke, 184:104941. Campbell, J.G. Canadell, S.R. Carpenter, C. Scoping report: The Role of Seafood in Sus- ture, capture fisheries, governance of coastal and support, Western Indian Ocean Marine Sci- H. Frumkin, J.J. Gross, T. Hartig, P.H. Kahn Folke, E.A. Fulton, O. Gaffney, S. Gelcich, J.B. tainable and Healthy Diets, The EAT-Lancet » Gunderson, L., C. Folke, and M.A. Janssen. marine ecosystems, ecosystem functions and ser- ence Association, since 2007. Jr., M. Kuo, J.J. Lawler, P.S. Levin, T. Lindahl, Jouffray, M. Leach, M. Le Tissier, B. Martín- Commission Report Through a Blue Lens. 2019. Remembering Buzz Holling. Ecology vices, biodiversity, resilience, regime shifts, food A. Meyer-Lindenberg, R. Mitchell, Z. Ouyang, López, E. Louder, M.F. Loutre, A.M. Meadow, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Beijer Insti- » Lead researcher for joint work on Antibiot- and Society 24(4):39. systems, nutrition and food security, integrated J. Roe, L. Scarlett, J.R. Smith, M. van den H. Nagendra, D. Payne, G.D. Peterson, B. tute, Global Economic Dynamics and the ics, SeaBOS (Seafood Business for Ocean aquaculture, food/seafood trade dynamics, sus- Bosch, B.W. Wheeler, M.P. White, H. Zheng, » Hallström, E., K. Bergman, K. Mifflin, R. Park- Reyers, R. Scholes, C.I. Speranza, M. Spieren- Biosphere, Stockholm, Sweden. Stewardship). tainability metrics, life-cycle analysis, seafood cer- and G.C. Daily. 2019. Nature and mental er, P. Tyedmers, M. Troell, and F. Ziegler. burg, M. Stafford-Smith, M. Tengö, S. van der » Member of the Expert Group on Kriterier tification standards. health: An ecosystem service perspective. 2019. Combined climate and nutritional per- Hel, I. van Putten, and H. Österblom. 2020. Conferences, workshops och frågebatteri för ansvarsfull användning Science Advances 5:eaax0903. formance of seafoods. Journal of Cleaner Principles for knowledge co-production in Publications and presentations av antibiotika till livsmedelsproducerande Production 230:402-411. sustainability research. Nature Sustainabili- djur Version 2.0 (Criteria and issues regard- » Causevic, A. and I. Al-Marashi. 2020. Can » Crona, B., E. Wassénius, M. Troell, K. Barclay, » Exploring factors influencing antimicrobial » Heijungs, R., J.B. Guinée, A. Mendoza Bel- ty 3(3):182-190. ing responsible use of antibiotics in animal NATO evolve into a climate alliance treaty T. Mallory, M. Fabinyi, W. Zhang, V.W.Y. Lam, resistance in Europe, workshop, AMResil- trán, P.J.G. Henriksson, and E. Groen. 2019. » Nyström, M., J.-B. Jouffray, A. Norström, P. L. Cao, P.J.G. Henriksson, and H. Eriksson. ience Project, Stockholm Resilience Centre, farming), Axfoundation. organization in the Middle East? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 76(2):97-101. Everything is relative and nothing is certain. Sogaard-Jørgensen, V. Galaz, B.E. Crona, S.R. China’s seafood sector at a crossroads? One September, 2019. Participant. » Internal committee member for PhD thesis Toward a theory and practice of compara- Carpenter, and C. Folke. 2019. Anatomy and Earth. In press. » Agri4D 2019: zero hunger by 2030, our evaluation of Jean-Baptiste Jouffray with » Colding, J., S. Barthel, and P. Sörqvist. 2019. tive probabilistic LCA. International Journal resilience of the global production ecosys- » Gephart, J., C.D. Golden, F. Asche, B. Bel- shared challenge, conference, Agricultur- title: The Anthropocene Ocean, Stockholm Wicked problems of smart cities. Smart Cit- of Life Cycle Assessment 24(9):1573-1579. tem. Nature 575:98-108. Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, ies 2(4):512-521. ton, C. Brugere, H.E. Froehlich, J.P. Fry, B.S. al Research for Development Conference, » Henriksson, P.J.G., L.K. Banks, S.K. Suri, T.Y. » Sanecka, J., S. Barthel, and J. Colding. 2020. November 2019. Halpern, C.C. Hicks, R.C. Jones, D.H. Klinger, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, » Colding, J., M. Colding, and S. Barthel. 2020. Pratiwi, M.R. Fatan, and M. Troell. 2019. In- Countryside within the city: A motivating D.C. Little, D.J. McCauley, S.H. Thilsted, M. Uppsala, September, 2019. Participant. » Evaluation committee member for the PhD Applying seven resilience principles on the donesian aquaculture futures — identifying vision behind civic green area stewardship Troell, and E.H. Allisom. Scenarios for global » Dialogmöte - Behovsanalys inför havs- och thesis of Richard Cottrell with title: Bridging vision of the Digital City. Cities 103:102761. interventions for reducing environmental in Warsaw, Poland. Sustainability 12(6):2313. aquaculture and its role in human nutrition. the Land-Sea Divide: Links, Interactions and fiskeriprogrammet 2021–2027 (Dialogue » Colding, J., M. Giusti, A. Haga, M. Wallha- impacts. Environmental Research Let- » Schill, C., J.M. Anderies, T. Lindahl, C. Folke, Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. Trade-Offs for Food Security and Sustaina- meeting – Needs analysis for the Seas and gen, and S. Barthel. 2020. Enabling rela- ters 14:124062. S. Polasky, J.C. Cárdenas, A.-S. Crépin, M.A. In press. bility, University of Tasmania, New Zeeland, Fisheries Programme 2021-2027), Jordb- tionships with nature in cities. Sustainability » Herrfahrdt-Pähle, E., M. Schlüter, P. Olsson, Janssen, J. Norberg, and M. Schlüter. 2019. 18 November 2019. » Hallström, E., K. Bergman, K. Mifflin, R. Park- ruksverket (Swedish Board of Agriculture). 12(11):4394. C. Folke, S. Gelcich, and C. Pahl-Wostl. 2020. A more dynamic understanding of human er, P. Tyedmers, M. Troell, and F. Ziegler. Jönköping, November 2019. Participant. » Journal review editor for Aquaculture En- » Colding, J., Å. Gren, and S. Barthel. 2020. The Sustainability transformations: socio-politi- behaviour for the Anthropocene. Nature 2019. Combined climate and nutritional per- » Reference group meeting, Criteria for sus- vironment Interactions (AEI), Frontiers in incremental demise of urban green spaces. cal shocks as opportunities for governance Sustainability 2:1075-1082. formance of seafoods. Journal of Cleaner tainable antibiotic use within Swedish Marine Science, and Western Indian Ocean Land 9(5):162. transitions. Global Environmental Change Journal of Marine Science. 63:102097. 56 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 57 » Schlüter, M., L.J. Haider, S.J. Lade, E. Lind- ham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. Reports tion. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17605/ kvist, R. Martin, K. Orach, N. Wijermans, and » Folke, C., B.E. Crona, V. Galaz, L.J. Gordon, » Axfoundation. 2020. Kriterier och frågebat- OSF.IO/HG3SW. C. Folke. 2019. Capturing emergent phenom- L. Schultz, and H. Österblom. 2019. Collab- teri för ansvarsfull användning av antibiotika » Troell, M., M. Jonell, and B. Crona. 2019. ena in social-ecological systems: An analyti- orative approaches to biosphere steward- till livsmedelsproducerande djur Version 2.0 Scoping report: The Role of Seafood in Sus- cal framework. Ecology and Society 24(3):11. ship. Pages 41-50 in L. Mandle, Z. Ouyang, (Criteria and Issues Regarding Responsible tainable and Healthy Diets, The EAT-Lancet » Shen, M., D. Mao, H. Xie, and C.-Z. Li. 2019. J. Salzman, and G. C. Daily, editors: Green Use of Antibiotics in Animal Farming), Ax- Commission Report Through a Blue Lens. The social costs of marine litter along the Growth That Works: Natural Capital Policy foundation Report, Sweden. Stockholm Resilience Centre, Beijer Insti- East China Sea: Evidence from ten coastal and Finance Mechanisms Around the World. » Crépin, A.-S. 2020. Grön skatteväxling för tute, Global Economic Dynamics and the scenic spots of Zhejiang province, Chi- Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. hållbar markanvändning (Green tax shifting Biosphere, Stockholm, Sweden. na. Sustainability 11:1-15. » Mandle, L., Z. Ouyang, J. Salzman, I. Bateman, for sustainable land-use). Pages 45-69 in Other » Stoll, J.S., M. Bailey, and M. Jonell. 2019. Al- C. Folke, A. D. Guerry, C. Li, J. Li, S. Li, J. Liu, R. Henriksson, editor: Växla upp! 12 inspire- ternative pathways to sustainable seafood. S. Polasky, M. Ruckelshaus, B. Vira, A.U. Que- rande bidrag för en bättre grön skatteväx- » Arvaniti, M., A.-S. Crépin, and C.K.B. Krishna- Conservation Letters 13:e12683. sada, W. Xu, H. Zheng, and G.C. Daily. 2019. ling (Gear up! 12 Inspiring Contributions for murthy. 2019. Time-consistent resource management with regime shifts. CER-ETH » Tlusty, M.F., P. Tyedmers, M. Bailey, F. Ziegler, The case and movement for securing peo- Better Green Tax Shifting) FORES, Stock- Economics working paper series 19/329. P.J.G. Henriksson, C. Béné, S. Bush, R. New- ple and nature. Pages 3-16 in L. Mandle, Z. holm. Center of Economic Research, ETH Zu- ton, F. Asche, D.C. Little, M. Troell, and M. Ouyang, J. Salzman, and G.C. Daily, editors: » Henriksson, P.J.G., L.K. Banks, S. Suri, T.Y. rich, Switzerland. Jonell. 2019. Reframing the sustainable Green Growth That Works: Natural Capital Pratiwi, N. Ahmad Fatan, and M. Troell. 2019. seafood narrative. Global Environmental Policy and Finance Mechanisms Around the The Future of Aaquaculture in Indonesia: A » Samuelsson, K., S. Barthel, J. Colding, G. Ma- Change 59:101991. World. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. Transformation Toward Increased Sustain- cassa, and M. Giusti. 2020. Urban nature as a source of resilience during social distancing » Wu, S., X. Zheng, J. Guo, C.-Z. Li, and C. » Pelletier, N., R.W.R. Parker, and P.J.G. Hen- ability. Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish. Policy amidst the coronavirus pandemic. OSF Pre- Wei. 2020. Quantifying energy consump- riksson. 2019. Environmental nutrition and Brief: 2019-14. prints. osf.io/3wx5a. tion in household surveys: An alternative LCA. Pages 141–156 in J. Sabaté, editor: En- » Jaraitė, J., A. Kažukauskas, R. Brännlund, device-based accounting approach. Field vironmental Nutrition: Connecting Health C.K.B. Krishnamurthy, and B. Kriström. 2019. Methods 32:213-232. and Nutrition with Environmentally Sustain- Intermittency and Pricing Flexibility in Elec- able Diets. Elsevier Academic Press, Lon- tricity Markets, Report 2019:588, Energi- » Yu, Y. and C.-Z. Li. 2020. Green certificate don, UK. trading, renewable portfolio standard and forsk. tax burden reductions. Chinese Journal of » Peters, G.B., J. Pierre, and V. Galaz. 2019. Sim- » Lindahl T. and M. Jonell. 2020. Metoder för Population, Resources and Environment ple solutions for complexity? Pages 188-210 att ändra kostvanor (Methods for chang- 2:80-88 (in Chinese with an English ab- in V. Galaz, editor: Global Challenges, Com- ing diets). Konsumentverket (The Swedish stract). plexity, and Governance: Applications and Consumer Agency), report 2020:4. Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, Chelten- » Zipper, S.C., F. Jaramillo, L. Wang Erlandsson, ham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. » Resare Sahlin K., E. Röös and T. Lindahl. S.E. Cornell, T. Gleeson, M. Porkka, T. Häyhä, 2019. Hållbara val av kött: Konsument- A.-S. Crépin, I. Fetzer, D. Gerten, H. Hoff, N. Beijer Discussion Papers ers möjligheter att agera hållbart på den Matthews, C. Ricaurte-Villota, M. Kummu, Y. svenska köttmarknaden (Sustainable Meat The Beijer Discussion Paper Series constitutes Wada, and L. Gordon. 2019. Integrating the Choices: Consumer Options to Act Sustain- a forum for unpublished scientific papers with water planetary boundary with water man- ably on the Swedish Meat Market), Konsu- content that should be subject to discussion and agement from local to global scales. Earth's mentverket (The Swedish Consumer Agen- comments. The discussion papers can be down- Future 8(2):e2019EF001377. cy), report 2019:5. loaded from the Beijer website. A total of 272 discussion papers have been produced since 1991. » Röös, E., J. Larsson, K. Resare Sahlin, M. Books Jonell, T. Lindahl, E. André, S. Säll, N. Harring, » Galaz, V. (editor) 2019. Global Challenges, » Arthur, W.B. 2020. Beijer Discussion Paper and M. Persson. 2020. Styrmedel för hållbar Complexity, and Governance: Applications 269: Algorithms and the shift in modern sci- matkonsumtion: En kunskapsöversikt och and Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, ence. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. vägar framåt (Policy Instruments for Sus- Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. tainable Food Consumption: A Review of the » Engström, G., J. Gars, N. Jaakkola, T. Lindahl, Evidence and Ways Forward). SLU Future » Hassler J., B. Carlén, J. Eliasson, F. Johnsson, D. Spiro, and A. van Benthem. 2020. Beijer Food Reports 13, Swedish University of Agri- P. Krusell, T. Lindahl, J. Nycander, Å. Romson, Discussion Paper 271: What policies address cultural Sciences, SLU Future Food. and T. Sterner. 2020. Konjunkturrådets rap- both the corona virus crisis and the climate port 2020: Svensk politik för globalt klimat crisis? Beijer Discussion Paper Series. » Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, P., H. Flores, F. Volck- (The Economic Policy Council Report 2020: aert, B. Niehoff, F.L. Schaafsma, J. Hjelm, J. » Folke, C. et al. 2020. Beijer Discussion Paper Swedish Policy for the Global Climate). SNS Hentati-Sundberg, S. Niiranen, A.-S. Crépin, 272: Our future in the Anthropocene Bio- publisher, Stockholm, Sweden. and H. Österblom. 2020. Review of Research sphere: Global sustainability and resilient Knowledge and Gaps on Fish Populations, Photo credit societies. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. Book chapters Fisheries and Linked Ecosystems in the » Crépin, A.-S. 2019. Complexity, resilience » Rocha, J., C. Schill, L.M. Saavedra-Díaz, R. del Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). European Page 9 iStock.com/Orbon Alija and economics. Pages 166-187 in V. Galaz, Pilar Moreno-Sánchez, and J.H. Maldonado. Commission, Executive Agency for Small Page 15 iStock.com/sompong_tom editor: Global Challenges, Governance, 2019. Beijer Discussion Paper 268: Coop- and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME). Page 17 iStock.com/imaginewithme eration in the face of thresholds, risk, and Page 23 iStock.com/Tzido and Complexity: Applications and Frontiers. » The Care Operative (Bernstein, M.J., M. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK, uncertainty. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. Page 24 iStock.com/Aleksey Gavrikov Chapman, I. Diaz-Reviriego, G. Dressler, M. Page 24 iStock.com/vm Northampton, MA, USA. » Schill, C. and J. C. Rocha. 2019. Beijer Dis- Felipe Lucia, C. Friis, S. Graham, H. Haen- Page 25 iStock.com/FlamingPumpkin cussion Paper 270: Uncertainty can help » Folke, C. 2019. Governing for emergence in ke, J. Haider, M. Hernandez, H. Hoffmann, Page 26 iStock.com/Orbon Alija protect local commons in the face of climate social-ecological systems. Pages 24-37 in V. M. Kernecker, P. Nicol, C. Piñeiro, H. Pitt, C. Page 27 iStock.com/Orbon Alija change. Beijer Discussion Paper Series. Galaz, editor: Global Challenges, Govern- Schill, V. Seufert, K. Shu, V. Valencia, and J. Page 34 iStock.com/Paolo Cipriani ance, and Complexity: Applications and Zaehringer). 2020. Collaborating with Care Page 36 iStock.com/wayra Frontiers. Edward Elgar Publishing, Chelten- in Virtual Sessions. Open Science Founda- Page 37 iStock.com/Rawpixel

58 The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics Appendix Appendix Annual report 19/20 59

THE BEIJER INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS

The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics is an international research institute under the auspices of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Since 1991, the Beijer Institute has been an institute of ecological economics.

Humanity is embedded in the Biosphere and shape it from local to global scales, from the past to the future. At the same time humanity is fundamentally dependent on the capacity of the Biosphere to sustain development. ANNUAL REPORT 2019/2020

The major objectives of the Beijer Institute are to carry out research and stimulate scientific cooperation to promote a deeper understanding of the interplay between ecological systems and social and economic development. Cooperation efforts include collaborative research between economists and ecologists and related disciplines on fundamental and applied problems in relation to sustainability, as well as teaching and training on those issues nationally and internationally. The Beijer Institute’s major activities are international research programmes, synthesis workshops, a broad set of research projects, teaching and training programmes, dissemination of results, the science-policy interface and collaborative communication. Core funding is provided by Kjell och Märta Beijer Foundation. Funding is also provided by Swedish and international research councils, foundations and other organisations.

This annual report covers the period 1 July 2019 – 30 June 2020.