Islas Griegas Del Mar Egeo Informe Final De La Comisión

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Islas Griegas Del Mar Egeo Informe Final De La Comisión COMISIÓN DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS COM(92)569 final Bruselas, 23 de diciembre de 1992 ISLAS GRIEGAS DEL MAR EGEO INFORME FINAL DE LA COMISIÓN Propuesta de REGLAMENTO (CEE) DEL CONSEJO por el que se establecen medidas especiales en favor de las islas menores del Mar Egeo relativas a determinados productos agrícolas. (presentada por la Comisión) COMISIÓN DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS "ISLAS GRIEGAS DEL MAR EGEO" INFORME FINAL DE LA COMISIÓN 1 "ISLAS GRIEGAS DEL MAR EGEO" INTRODUCCIÓN 1 L LA srruAcidN p^ us igus JjRieBAg Qflr ,IMR WW a Intensldap' del ferámeno insMteT y m *Wmtifc se^toeqpnpiqico en tes ngipne^ <te gw.,ft,.<Wfc» 2 Análisis de los diferente, se^^r||S^ 4 -Sector primario 4 -Sector secundario 5 -Sector terciario © tAADH^lOÑ 7 11 4 PRqgRAMA PAffo yff,pffAB.,gBBaW,^ Uso óptimo de los instrujqenftosexistentes 12 - Período actual 18 - A partir de 1994 13 RBConocIrelento de una f iscalldad Indirecta especial 15 Medíqas agrarias especificas 16 1 - 1 - ISLAS GRIEGAS DEL MAR EGEO INTRODUCCIÚN 1. El fenómeno insular crea problemas especiales de desarrollo a las 400 islas habitadas de la Comunidad en relación a sus regiones continentales O). Mediante la intervención de ios fondos estructurales, la Comunidad contribuye a las necesidades especiales de desarrollo de estas islas, la mayoría de las cuales están cubiertas por los objetivos 1 y 5a, y, para algunas de ellas a través de los programas integrados mediterráneos que llegan a su término a finales de 1992. 2. Las islas griegas del mar Egeo se distinguen por la intensidad del hecho insular, caracterizado especialmente por el gran número, el pequeño tamaño y la dispersión de las islas de que se trata. 3. Por ello, y con arreglo a las conclusiones del Consejo Europeo de Rodas de diciembre de 1988 y conforme a los compromisos contraídos desde entonces, la Comisión ha efectuado un análisis global de la situación socioeconómica de las islas griegas del mar Egeo. 4. El 23 de octubre de 1991, las autoridades griegas transmitieron a la Comisión, dentro de este análisis, una contribución sustancial en forma de un "programa de medidas específicas para las islas del mar Egeo 1992 - 1996", que fue explicitado en enero de 1992 mediante numerosos complementos técnicos. Entre tanto, la Comisión elaboró un informe provisional que tiene por objeto proporcionar información sobre el progreso de su reflexión (SEC(92)35 final de 10 de enero de 1992). (1) Véase el documento "Europa 2000, las perspectivas de desarrollo del territorio comunitario", sección D, "las regiones costeras y las islas". C0M(91)452 final. h 2 - 5. El presente informe es una consecuencia da este proceso: el objetivo es analizar la situación especial de las islas menores griegas del mar Egeo (islas cuya población permanente no supera los 100.000 habitantes para cada una de ellas, lo que en consecuencia no cubre ni a Creta ni a Eubea); describe las acciones comunitarias ya realizadas o en curso a favor de estas islas (título 2); y en conclusión, y sobre la base de análisis de las peticiones de las autoridades griegas (título 3) llega a un programa de acciones específicas con respecto a las necesidades especiales de estas islas (títub 4). 1. LA SITUACIÓN DE LAS ISLAS GRIEGAS DEL MAR EGED Intensidad del fenómeno insular y su Impacto socioeconómico en tes regiones de que se trata. 6. Entre los Estados miembros de la Comunidad, Grecia es el que posee una mayor dimensión insular. Las islas representan el 19% de la superficie total de Grecia y constituyen fundamentalmente el límite de su territorta, que es periférico y sin fronteras continentales con el resto de la Comunidad. En este contexto, las islas del mar Egeo constituyen el conjunto insular más importante (unas 1000 Islas e islotes, de las cuales 130 están habitadas) y más amplio (600 Icm de norte a sur y 600 km de este a oeste) de Grecia y de la Comunidad. 7. Este conjunto insular del mar Egeo se compone de cinco archipiélagos principales (archipiélagos de Lesbos, Samos, Quios, las Cicladas y el Dodecaneso) y de otras 36 islas que dependen administrativamente de regiones continentales (véase la lista en ei anexo). Con una población total de 486.840 habitantes en 1991, es decir casi un 5% de la población griega, este conjunto tiene un superficie terrestre total de unos 10.425 icm2 (8% de la superficie de Grecia). 8. La insularidad, el alejamiento y la fragmentación condicionan fuertemente toda la vida social y económica de las islas del Egeo, en particular en el caso de las islas pequeñas y poco pobladas (que representan el 70% del espacio insular del mar Egeo). El conjunto de las islas habitadas sufre, en part bular las desventajas siguientes: 3 - la estructura de archipiélago y la dispersion de las islas dificultan el abastecimiento y los intercambios regionales de estas regiones, e imponen al mismo tiempo sobrecostes de transporte importantes. Las redes de transportes existentes, la mayoría de las cuales son deficientes y estructuralmente deficitarias, se centran en las islas principales (por ejemplo Rodas, Kos, Thira, Mikonos, Paros, Lesbos, Qulos, Samos y Sciathos). Pocas islas gozan de lazos regulares entre ellas; el pequeño tamaño de las islas (96 islas tienen menos de 50 km2) no se presta a un desarrollo integrado ni a la realización de economías de escala, tanto material y actividades económicas, en materia de servicbs a la población (formación/educación, sanidad, suministro de energía,...); la escasa población y la tendencia a la despoblación, en particular de las islas menores hacia las Islas que disponen de un mínimo de infraestructura social y de transporte, y una gran proporción de población con más de 60 años de edad respecto al continente, lo cual es consecuencia de la emigración; la falta de materias primas explotables, acentuada por la lejanía de los centros de producción del resto de Grecia y de la Comunidad; unas condiciones nacionales difíciles: relieves áridos y montañosos, superficies agrícolas limitadas y fraccionadas, clima seco y escasez de agua, regularidad de vientos fuertes que entorpecen las comunicaciones, etc. Para las islas del nordeste del Dodecaneso cabe agregar las desventajas inherentes a su aislamiento a lo largo de la frontera oriental de Grecia, que constituye al propio tiempo la frontera exterior de la Comunidad al este del Mediterráneo. 9. El conjunto de todas estas desventajas repercute, además, en la estructura del mercado laboral, tanto desde el punto de vista de la oferta como del de la demanda. La tasa de desempleo (6% en 1989) inferior a la media nacional (7,5%) y comunitaria (8,3%) se explica en - 4 - parte por la importancia de la población de edad avanzada y por la emigración. No tiene en cuenta la existencia de un importante subempleo en la agricultura y el turismo. El Dodecaneso sufre la tasa de desempleo más elevada de todas las islas (18,4% en 1989). 10. Cabe señalar que las características geofísicas y climáticas de las islas forman un medio natural único pero muy frágil que empieza a sufrir presiones enormes debido especialmente al desarrollo turístico no planificado, al abandono de la agricultura tradictanal o a las instalaciones portuarias. 11. Las limitaciones socioeconómicas que se derivan de tales desventajas sitúan a las regiones insulares del Egeo entre las más pobres de Grecia y de la Comunidad, con un PIB EPA/habitante (1989) del 35% de la media comunitaria para el Egeo norte y del 46,5% de dicha media para el Egeo sur. Análisis de tos diferentes sectores económicos 12. La estructura de las economías de las islas griegas del mar Egeo se caracteriza por su gran dependencia de la agricultura (sector primario más importante que la media nacional), por un sector secundario poco importante y un sector terciario hipertrofiado. - Sector primario 13. La importancia del sector primario, aunque en vías de reducción, se explica debida al número generalmente importante de pequeños agricultores o ganaderos que trabajan en modestas explotaciones, así como a la dependencia de las islas respecto al sector pesquero. 14. La agricultura es fundamental en la actividad de las islas aunque haya diferencias importantes entre las islas del norte, en las que el 40% de los empleos son agrarios, y las del sur con condiciones más favorables para el desarrollo turístico. El 70% de la superficie cultivada está dominada por tres productos (aceite de oliva, cítricos y vino), que se desarrollan fundamentalmente para el mercado local. Únicamente el aceite de oliva, algunos vinos típicos y quesos tradicionales de cabra y oveja se exportan al continente. La aridez de 7 5 - los suelos, la falta de agua, el pequeño tamaño de las explotaciones y su extremo fraccionamiento, a los que se une una insuficiente cualificación de los agricultores, son las causas de la escasa productividad del sector agrícola. Estos productos no bastan para satisfacer las necesidades de consumo de los habitantes a los que hay que añadir también a los turistas. La misma dependencia se da también en materia de insumos para la producción agraria. 15. La pesca desempeña un papel importante en las islas del Egeo. Se trata de la pequeña pesca costera, que a menudo se enfrenta a condiciones climáticas desfavorables. Los lugares de desembarque, en los que se efectúa la primera comercialización, en general se encuentran en una fase preliminar de desarrollo. A diferencia del resto de la Comunidad, la mayor parte de las capturas (75%) no se vende en subasta sino se que entrega directamente a las empresas industriales o al comercio al pormenor. Muchas de las empresas de transformación tienen una muy pequeña dimensión. Recientemente se ha desarrollado la acuacultura debido a los bajos costes de producción y a un medio ambiente favorable.
Recommended publications
  • AEGEAN SEA CONTINENTAL SHELF CASE (GREECE V
    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS, ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS AEGEAN SEA CONTINENTAL SHELF CASE (GREECE v. TURKEY) REQUEST FOR THE INDICATION OF INTERIM MEASURES OF PROTECTION ORDER OF 11 SEPTEMBER 1976 COUR INTERNATIONALE DE JUSTICE RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS, AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES AFFAIRE DU PLATEAU CONTINENTAL DE LA MER ÉGÉE (GRÈCE c. TURQUIE) DEMANDE EN INDICATION DE MESURES CONSERVATOIRES ORDONNANCE DU 11 SEPTEMBRE 1976 Officia1 citation: Aegean Sea Continental Shelf, Interim Protection, Order of 11 September 1976, I.C.J. Reports 1976, p. 3. Mode officiel de citation: Plateau continental de la mer Egée, mesures conservatoires, ordonnance du 11 septembre 1976, C.I.J. Recueil 1976, p. 3 ~~esn"mixr423 1 No de vente: INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 1976 YEAR 1976 11 September General List No. 62 11 September 1976 AEGEAN SEA CONTINENTAL SHELF CASE (GREECE v. TURKEY) REQUEST FOR THE INDICATION OF INTERIM MEASURES OF PROTECTION ORDER Present: President . JIMÉNEZDE ARÉCHAGA; Vice-President NAGENDRA SINGH;Judges FORSTER,GROS, LACHS,DILLARD, MOROZOV, Sir Humphrey WALDOCK,RUDA, MOSLER,ELIAS, TARAZI; Judge ad hoc STASSINOPOULOS;Registrar AQUARONE. The International Court of Justice, Composed as above, After deliberation, Having regard to Articles 41 and 48 of the Statute of the Court, Having regard to Article 66 of the Rules of Court, Having regard to the Application by Greece filed in the Registry of the Court on 10 August 1976, instituting proceedings against Turkey in respect of a dispute concerning the delimitation of the continental shelf 4 appertaining to Greece and Turkey in the Aegean Sea, and concerning the respective legal rights of those States to explore and exploit the continental shelf of the Aegean; Makes the following Order: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 6 (The Place We Live In)
    E Class – Lesson 6 (The Place We Live In) Hello children!! How are you? In this lesson we are going to: read about Chios island write about the place we live in listen to someone giving directions to a visitor in Athens speak about the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city or a small town/village A) Read the text and then write the highlighted words in your notebook as a list. Write their meanings too. If you don’t know what they mean, look them up in a dictionary! Chios is located in the North East Aegean Sea. It is known as one of the most likely birthplaces of Homer, and also the ancient mathematicians Hippocrates and Enopides. The island is very close to the Asia Minor coast, only 3.5 nautical miles from cape Pounta to Erythrea Inland in Cesme. It is the fifth largest Greek island (842 square kilometers) with a coastline of 213 kilometers and a population of 54.000. The Regional Unit of Chios includes the islands of Chios, Psara, Antipsara and Oinousses. Administratively, it is divided into three municipalities: Chios, Psara and Oinousses. Chios is a mountainous island. A few valleys are formed in the south and east regions of the island. Pelineo Mountain overlooks the northern part of the island, with the highest peak, Profitis Helias, at 1.297 m. Chios Island is known for its picturesque landscape, and also for the Mediterranean climate, with mild winters and sparse rainfalls in the summer. There are often north – northwest winds and the average temperature in the summer ranges between 24 – 26o C (75.2 – 78.8o F).
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Profile of the Chios Island
    Island of Chios - Investment Profile September 2016 Contents 1. Profile of the island 2. Island of Chios - Competitive Advantages 3. Investment Opportunities in the island 4. Investment Incentives 1. Profile of the island 2. Island of Chios - Competitive Advantages 3. Investment Opportunities in the island 4. Investment Incentives The island of Chios: Οverview Chios is one of the largest islands of the North East Aegean and the fifth largest in Greece, with a coastline of 213 km. It is very close to Asia Minor and lies opposite the Erythraia peninsula. It is known as one of the most likely birthplaces of the ancient mathematicians Hippocrates and Enopides. Chios is notable for its exports of mastic and its nickname is ”The mastic island”. The Regional Unit of Chios includes the islands of Chios, Psara, Antipsara and Oinousses and is divided into three municipalities: Chios, Psara and Oinouses. ➢ Area of 842.5 km² ➢ 5th largest of the Greek islands ➢Permanent population: ➢52.574 inhabitants (census 2011) including Oinousses and Psara ➢51.390 inhabitants (only Chios) Quick facts The island of Chios is a unique destination with: Cultural and natural sites • Important cultural heritage and several historical monuments • Rich natural environment of a unique diversity Archaeological sites: 5 • Rich agricultural land and production expertise in agriculture and Museums: 9 livestock production (mastic, olives, citrus fruits etc) Natura 2000 regions: 2 • RES capacity (solar, wind, hydro) Beaches: 45 • Great concentration in fisheries and aquaculture Source: http://www.chios.gr • Satisfactory infrastructure of transport networks (1 airport, 2 ports and road network) • Great history, culture and tradition in mercantile maritime, with hundreds of seafarers and ship owners Transport infrastructure Chios is served by one airport and two ports (Chios-central port and Mesta-port) and a satisfactory public road network.
    [Show full text]
  • Secrets of Greece Brochure Ge
    Content Secrets of Greece Secrets of Greece 1 Are you: About us 2 Someone who appreciates special places, where the crowd usually Sustainable tourism 3 does not come? Someone who considers his most beautiful holiday Hospitality 4 memories are the lovely encounters with the locals? Someone who Authenticity 5 wishes to stay in a beautiful, traditional or characteristic place where Tailor made holidays 6 one is welcomed as a guest and not as a number? Someone who Accommodations 7 Fly drives 8 agrees that people and nature on the destination should benefit from 1-week fly drive West-Crete 9 tourism? 8-days fly drive East-Crete 10 10-days fly drive Lesvos 11 Then Secrets of Greece is the right touroperator for you: The 8-days fly drive Samos 12 traveler who enjoys real, authentic Greece in all its beauty. Island hopping 13 15 days Cyclades 14 15 days Dodecanese 15 15 days North-Aegean islands 16 Theme holidays 17 Action and adventure 18 Hiking holiday Crete 19 Hiking holiday Andros 21 Culinary holidays 23 Traditional cooking Andros 24 Art and culture 25 Painting holiday Andros 26 Painting holiday Karpathos 27 Painting holiday Crete 28 Mosaic holiday Crete 29 Sculpting holiday Tinos 30 Prices 31 Request form 36 Terms and conditions 37 1 About us Carla Benningshof liv es f or ov er 25 years Who we are and what we stand for in Greece and has been working in tourism as a guide, sustainability controller Secrets of Greece is a tour operator specialized in tailor made holidays of hotels and as a v olunteer during emergencies f or the ANW B/department for authentic Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • Settlement Patterns and Defence on Northern Chios, 9Th - 16Th Centuries
    “CAPITANIA VALISSO CASTRUM DICTI LOCI”: SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND DEFENCE ON NORTHERN CHIOS, 9TH - 16TH CENTURIES by IOANNA NIKOLAOU KOUKOUNI A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity College of Arts & Law University of Birmingham December 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. TO THE REVERED MEMORY OF MY FATHER AND OF MY GRANDPARENTS, AND ALL OUR NORTH-CHIOT ANCESTORS FOR THEY PLOUGHED THIS LAND WITH THE TEARS OF THEIR TOIL. I PAY THIS TRIBUTE ABSTRACT This thesis is a survey of Mount Amani, the northwestern province of Chios island (east Aegean). The thesis examines the natural environment and explores the landscape using different kinds of information, in order to reconstruct the medieval historical topography of this region and to contribute to the problématique of the history and evolution of the Byzantine village and its remarkable longevity. The methodology applied ranges from the scanty literary sources, and visible archaeological evidence, and extends to the tracing of any sign of human activity on the landscape.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction Acknowledgements
    10 11 Acknowledgements Introduction General geography of Greece Greece is a relatively small country, and with a surface area of 132,000 km2 it is only half as big as the UK. Encompassed, however, in this modest area, is a great diversity of habitats, exceeding many European countries of much larger size. For example, one can encounter in Epirus alpine areas complete with lush conifer forests, dramatic peaks and extensive snowfields that physiographically resemble Switzerland. On the other hand, some regions of the southern Aegean are closer to Africa than to Athens, and their climate and habitats reflect this proximity. Southeastern Crete for example, con- tains one of the few true European deserts, an area closely resembling certain hamma- da regions of the Middle East. Greece is a country of mountains and islands. The Pindos range, an extension of the Dinaric Alps, forms the backbone of peninsular Greece. A number of smaller mountains originate as spurs from this block, although some, including Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece (2,917 m elevation) arise in relative isola- tion. A second major mountain block, the Rhodopes, located in Thrace, runs in a roughly east-west direction separating Greece and Bulgaria. The Peloponnese, a small- er peninsula in the south, is as mountainous as the mainland and encompasses several peaks exceeding 2,000 m in elevation. With the exception of a few large flat regions located mostly in Thessaly and Thrace, the country lacks extensive plains. Typically the mountains drop rather steeply into the sea and are generally flanked only by narrow coastal plains.
    [Show full text]
  • Navios Maritime Acqusition Corporation
    UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 6-K REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Dated: April 3, 2014 Commission File Number 001-34104 NAVIOS MARITIME ACQUSITION CORPORATION 7 Avenue de Grande Bretagne, Office 11B2 Monte Carlo, MC 98000 Monaco (Address of Principal Executive Offices) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F: Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): Yes ☐ No ☒ On March 31, 2014, Navios Maritime Acquisition Corporation (“Navios Acquisition” or the “Company”) issued a press release announcing that the Company and Navios Acquisition Finance (US) Inc. (together with Navios Acquisition, the “Co-Issuers”) completed a private offering of $60 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.125% First Priority Ship Mortgage Notes due 2021 (the “Notes”). The Company intends to use the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes, including to replace cash on its balance sheet that was used to partially finance the acquisition cost of the Nave Buena Suerte, which was previously delivered on March 10, 2014. The Notes were offered and sold in the United States only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and in offshore transactions to non-United States persons in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.
    [Show full text]
  • Birds and Habitat Conservation on Chios, Greece
    Avocetta N° 16: 77-80 (1992) Birds and habitat conservation on Chios, Greece JOHN CHOREMI* and EVANGELOS SPINTHAKIS** * Choremi St. - Chios 82100, Greece ** Pegasou 62 St. - Corinth 20100, Greece Abstract - In this attempt to describe birdlife in Chios Archipelago we record ed 211 species, most of which are migrants and visitors. Large concentrations of birds appear during migration and suffer a heavy hunting pressure (shooting and liming). The most important bird areas are Psara and Dotia with mainly bushy vegetation. The authors propose the establisment of a marine and island park in Psara-Antipsara archipelago for the protection of birds during migration. Introduction and methods Doves Streptopelia turtur and Quails Coturnix coturnix arrive before dawn at around 4:00-5:00 This is the first attempt to describe birdlife in the a.m., while seed-eating passerines arrive and are Chios Archipelago, based on authors' records from as far back as the 1940's. Observations were made mainly on between 9:00 or 10:00 and 14:00 hours. regularly but without precise counts. Frequent Ali passerines appear to arrive on the island of Chios inspection of the illegal but intensive bird trade on from the south, while in fact they are heading south, Chios market, involving millions of live and dead and approach Chios flying against the north wind. birds, has also provided useful information The only exception to this rule is the Spanish (Choremi et al., 1993). Observations on seabirds, Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis. Mass departure in water-birds and diurnal birds of prey are probably flock are seen only in the case of insectivorous birds, incomplete, but does not seriously affect the generaI such as swallows from towns.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    JON M. VAN DYKE School o/ Law, University o/ Hawaii at Manoa THE ROLE OF ISLANDS IN DELIMITING MARITIME ZONES: THE CASE OF THE AEGEAN SEA(1) Introduction The problem of delimiting the continental shelf and exclusive economie zone between Turkey and Greece is one of the many issues that currently dominate the intemational relations between the two countries. Although legai principles can be identified that apply to this dispute, the drawing of boundary lines is intrinsical­ ly a politica! process and is usually accomplished by direct nego­ tiations between the sta t es 2 . Increasingly in recent years, howe­ ( ) ver, states have tumed to arbitrai or judicial tribunals to resolve disputes involving maritime boundaries, and the decisions of the­ se tribunals have identified and developed legai principles than can now be drawn upon to resolve difficult boundary controver­ sies (3). The disputes that ha ve been submitted for decision have ·usual- would like to express deep appreciation to Carolyn Nicol, Class of (1)1 1988, University of Hawaii Law School, and Michael Reveal and Dale Bennett, Class of 1989, University of Hawaii La w School, for their assistance in the pre­ paration of this artide and to Professar P. John Kozyris fot bis comments on an earlier draft.This artide was originally presentedat an international sympo­ sium on Aegean issues organized by the Foreign Policy Institute, Ankara, held in �me, Turkey, in October 1987. 2 The Law o/ the Sea: 01/icial Text o/ the United Nations Convention on ( ) the Law o/theSea with Annexes and Index (New York: United Nations, 1983), Sales No.
    [Show full text]
  • MEDITERRANEAN MONK SEAL (Monachus Monachus)
    MEDITERRANEAN MONK SEAL (Monachus monachus) GREEK POPULATION POPULATION AND HABITAT VIABILITY ASSESSMENT Athens, Greece 4-7 April 1994 WORKSHOP REPORT A Collaborative Workshop Elliniki Etairia The Hellenic Society for the Protection of the Environment and the Cultural Heritage --P ~. ~ ~~ IUCN/SSC Seal Specialist Group '-----'" ~ IUCN/SSC Captive Breeding Specialist Group SEAL SPECIAUST GROUP Hosted by Elliniki Etairia The Hellenic Society for the Protect~on of the Environment and the Cultural Heritage Sponsored by Elliniki Etairia through the Greek National Programme for the Protection of the Mediterranean Monk Seal and Sea World, Inc. SPECIES SuRVIVAL CowMtsstON A contribution of the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, Elliniki Etaria, The Hellenic Society for the Protection of the Environment and the Cultural Heritage, and the IUCN/SSC Seal Specialist Group. Cover Photo: Panos Dendrino, courtesy of the Hellenic Society for the Study & Protection of the Monk Seal. Section Photos: Provided by M. Scoullos. Scoullos, M., U.S. Seal, S. Ellis, J. Harwood. 1994. Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment. IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group: Apple Valley, MN. Additional copies of this publication can be ordered through the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124. Send checks for US $35.00 (for printing and shipping costs) payable to CBSG; checks must be drawn on a US Bank. Funds may be wired to First Bank NA
    [Show full text]
  • Delimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Aegean Sea
    Fordham International Law Journal Volume 12, Issue 1 1988 Article 5 Delimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Aegean Sea Aurelia A. Georgopoulos∗ ∗ Copyright c 1988 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is produced by The Berke- ley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ilj Delimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Aegean Sea Aurelia A. Georgopoulos Abstract This note argues that the continental shelf between Greece and Turkey should be delimited under general principles of international law. Part I discusses the present dispute and its historical underpinnings. Part II examines the relevant treaty and customary international law applicable to continental shelf delimitations. Part III analyzes the positions of the parties and proposes a solution under principles of customary international law. This Note concludes that the continental shelf should be delimited by drawing a median line between the two states giving half effect to Eastern Islands and then adjusting the line to avoid enclaving them. DELIMITATION OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF IN THE AEGEAN SEA INTRODUCTION On March 27, 1987, a Turkish seismic research vessel, the Sismik I, escorted by warships and jetfighters, prepared to sail for disputed waters around the Greek islands of Lesbos, Lem- nos, and Samothrace.' The proposed expedition exacerbated the ongoing dispute between Greece and Turkey over delimi- tation of the continental shelf in the Aegean Sea appurtenant to the two countries.2 At stake in this dispute are the legal rights to explore and exploit the potentially rich reserves of oil and gas underlying the Aegean seabed.' The longstanding his- torical animosities between the parties make it unlikely that they will be able to negotiate a resolution."t This Note argues that the continental shelf between Greece and Turkey should be delimited under general princi- ples of international law.
    [Show full text]
  • Add a Populace Here with Timber Preference. Then Add Any Number of Ships Here
    Aegina Add a Populace here with timber preference. Then add any number of Ships here. Sparta - Bronze 1/220 Hydra Add a Populace here. Sparta - Bronze 2/220 Poros Sack two enemy Populace on an Island where you have two Ships. Sparta - Bronze 3/220 Spetses Sack two enemy Populace on an Island you control. Sparta - Bronze 4/220 Angistri Add a Populace here with electrum preference. Then add a Good here. Sparta - Bronze 5/220 Salamina Sack an enemy Ship for every two Ships you have on one Island, or if you cannot, an enemy Populace for every two Ships you have there. Sparta - Bronze 6/220 Psytalleia Sack an enemy Populace on an Island you control. Then add a Populace there. Sparta - Bronze 7/220 Leros Salaminos Move two Populace from your Home to an Island where you have a Temple. Sparta - Bronze 8/220 Revythoussa Pay two Populace at your Home to add a Good there. Sparta - Bronze 9/220 Moni Aiginas Add a Populace here with bronze preference. Then add another Populace here. Sparta - Bronze 10/220 Dokos Sack an enemy Populace on each Island where you have a Ship. Sparta - Bronze 11/220 Alexandros Sack two enemy Populace on an Island where you have two Temples. Sparta - Bronze 12/220 Spetsopoula Add a Populace here. Then pay a Good here to add a Populace at each Island with a Good. Sparta - Bronze 13/220 Petrokaravo Move three Populace from Home to an Island where you have a Temple but no Populace. Sparta - Bronze 14/220 Romvi Turn two Populace at Home into two Goods of the same color.
    [Show full text]