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Canada /dlbsria - B Northern RiverBasinsStudy J NORTHERN RIVER BASINS STUDY PROJECT REPORT NO. 32 A GENERAL FISH AND RIVERINE HABITAT INVENTORY, ATHABASCA RIVER APRIL TO MAY, 1992 QL 626. 5 . A42 R109 1994 QL/626.5/. A42/R109/1'3'94 A general fis h and riverine R L & L Environmental Date Due Y X O I M v f Prepared for the Northern River Basins Study under Project 3117-B1 by R.L. & L. Environmental Services Ltd. Community Contributors: Curtiss Girard, Fort Chipewyan NORTHERN RIVER BASINS STUDY PROJECT REPORT NO. 32 A GENERAL FISH AND RIVERINE HABITAT INVENTORY, ATHABASCA RIVER APRIL TO MAY, 1992 ATHABASCA UNIVERSITY Published by the Northern River Basins Study Edmonton, Alberta MAR 3 0 1S95 April, 1994 LIBRARY CANADIAN CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA Main entry under title: A General fish and riverine habitat inventory, Athabasca River, April to May, 1992 (Northern River Basins Study project report, ISSN 1192-3571 ; no. 32) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-562-22040-4 Cat. no. R71-49/3-32E 1. Fishes — Alberta — Athabasca River — Habitat — Environmental aspects. 2. Fish populations — Alberta — Athabasca River. I. R.L. & L. Environmental Services. II. Northern River Basins Study (Canada) III. Series. QL625.5A42G36 1994 597.09712 C94-980106-2 Copyright (c) 1994 by the Northern River Basins Study. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to reproduce all or any portion of this publication provided the reproduction includes a proper acknowledgement of the Study and a proper credit to the authors. The reproduction must be presented within its proper context and must not be used for profit. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors. PREFACE: The Northern River Basins Study was initiated through the "Canada-Alberta- Northwest Territories Agreement Respecting the Peace-Athabasca-Slave River Basin Study, Phase II - Technical Studies" which was signed September 27, 1991. The purpose of the Study is to understand and characterize the cumulative effects of development on the water and aquatic environment of the Study Area by coordinating with existing programs and undertaking appropriate new technical studies. This publication reports the method and findings of particular work conducted as part of the Northern River Basins Study. As such, the work was governed by a specific terms of reference and is expected to contribute information about the Study Area within the context of the overall study as described by the Study Final Report. This report has been reviewed by the Study Science Advisory Committee in regards to scientific content and has been approved by the Study Board of Directors for public release. It is explicit in the objectives of the Study to report the results of technical work regularly to the public. This objective is served by distributing project reports to an extensive network of libraries, agencies, organizations and interested individuals and by granting universal permission to reproduce the material. This report contains referenced data obtained from sources external to the Northern River Basins Study. Individuals interested in using external data must obtain permission to do so from the donor agency. NORTHERN RIVER BASINS STUDY PROJECT REPORT RELEASE FORM This publication may be cited as: R.L. & L Environmental Services Ltd. 1994. "Northern River Basins Study Project Report No. 32, A General Fish and Riverine Habitat Inventory, Athabasca River, April to Hay, 1992". Northern River Basins Study, Edmonton, Alberta. Whereas the above publication is the result of work conducted under the Northern River Basins Study and the terms of reference for that project are deemed to be fulfilled, IT IS THEREFORE REQUESTED BY THE STUDY OFFICE THAT; this publication be subjected to proper and responsible review and be considered for release to the public. ence Director) Whereas it is an explicit term of reference of the Science Advisory Committee "to review, for scientific content, material for publication by the Board", IT IS HERE ADVISED BY THE SCIENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE THAT; this publication has been reviewed for scientific content and that the scientific practices represented in the report are acceptable given the specific purposes of the project and subject to the field conditions encountered. y SUPPLEMENTAL COMMENTARY HAS BEEN ADDED TO THIS PUBLICATION: [ ] Yes [ vj No / “3sdSl. ^ * 7 (Dr. P. A. Larkin, Ph.D., Chair) (Date) Whereas the Study Board is satisfied that this publication has been reviewed for scientific content and for immediate health implications, IT IS HERE APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS THAT; this publication be released to the public, and that this publication be designated for: [ ] STANDARD AVAILABILITY [ ] EXPANDED AVAILABILITY (Bev Burns, Co-chair) (Date) (ZpyuZ 7/ (Luc ille Partington, Co-^chair) (Date) A GENERAL FISH AND RIVERINE HABITAT INVENTORY, ATHABASCA RIVER, APRIL TO MAY, 1992 STUDY PERSPECTIVE The distribution, abundance and movement of fish is a major interest Related Study Questions to the residents of the Peace, Athabasca and Slave rivers because 61 What is the distribution and movement of they see these attributes as fish species in the watersheds of the indicators of the aquatic ecosystems Peace, Athabasca and Slave rivers? health. The extent to which these Where and when are they most likely to aspects are affected by development be exposed to changes in water quality is a major area of interest to the and where are their important habitats? Study. Information on the 12) What native traditional knowledge exists composition of the fish community, to enhance the physical science studies in its seasonal use of riverine all areas of enquiry? habitats for spawning, growth, overwintering and feeding, will 13b) What are the cumulative effects of man assist investigators in made discharges on the water and aquatic understanding the influence of environment? development and discharge on fish and fish behaviour. 14) What long term monitoring programs and predictive models are required to provide Although various reaches of the an ongoing assessment of the state of the aquatic ecosystems? lower Athabasca River had been subjected to previous field investigations, no prior work had been done on the Athabasca River from its source to the mouth. A fisheries survey of the Athabasca River was carried out during spring 1992 to characterize the composition and general abundance of fish within the mainstream river and lower tributaries soon after ice break-up. At best, the work was a snap shot of the aquatic ecosystem following the critical ice cover period. This initial information is important to designing subsequent field and laboratory investigations of behavioural and physiological change. Fish species composition, abundance, distribution, and habitat characteristics were determined for ten reaches between Jasper Lake, Jasper National Park and Lake Athabasca. A total of 20 fish species were identified during the survey. Forage fish such as the flathead chub, trout-perch and lake chub dominated the numbers of fish caught. Despite having a distribution limited to the upper Athabasca River, mountain whitefish was the most abundant sport fish caught. A longitudinal demarcation of species presence resulted in mountain whitefish, bull trout, arctic grayling, rainbow trout being encountered only in the upper reaches of the Athabasca River, whereas walleye, northern pike and goldeye were more abundant in downstream sections. Longnose sucker was the most abundant coarse fish species and were distributed throughout the study area. In general, fish species diversity and abundance were greater in the lower reaches of the Athabasca River. Fish populations have previously been extensively surveyed in the lower Athabasca River, but this was the first investigation to examine fish populations from the proximity of the river’s headwaters to its mouth. Like the lower portion of the Athabasca River some other reaches of the river have been studied as a consequence of proposed resource development activities but very little has been done in the river above Smith. While these latter works have assisted us in better understanding the composition and dynamics of fish populations within the Athabasca River much work is needed to understand the interaction and dependency of fish populations in the Athabasca River and its tributaries. This survey has established a template for subsequent investigations of fish habitat and populations. In general, preliminary data have now been assembled to guide more detailed investigations of fish populations and their interaction with the available habitats of the Athabasca River and its tributaries. Additional investigations are required before linkages can be made between contaminant levels in edible fish, life history patterns, and fish health. R. L. & L. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following employees of R.L. & L. Environmental Services Ltd. contributed to the collection of field data, analysis, or report preparation. C. McLeod Project Director L. Hildebrand Project Advisor G. Ash Advisor R. Pattenden Project Biologist T. Clayton Fisheries Biologist C. Pattenden Biological Technician III (author) H. Larsen Biological Technician III M. Braeuer Biological Technician B. Cole Biological Technician J. Campbell Biological Technician S. Millar Biological Technician D. Hobson Biological Technician B. Hathaway Logistical Support S. Morrison Logistical Support/Drafting C. Henderson Word Processing F. Baker Word Processing Local assistance