DOCSLIB.ORG

Killip Part 2

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Killip Part 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS the Return this book on or before Latest Date stamped below. University of Illinois Library THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PASSIFLORACEAE BY ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP ASSOCIATE CURATOR, DIVISION OF PLANTS UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM ,V NATURAL ** HISTORY T THE LIBRARY Of HE tf 7-19 UNIVERSITY OF ILLIKOIS BOTANICAL SERIES FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME XIX, PART II APRIL 20. 1938 I'l HI. 1C \TIoN 408 Natural History Library THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PASSIFLORACEAE BY ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP ASSOCIATE CURATOR, DIVISION OF PLANTS UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM THE LIBRARY OF THE MAY 7 -1938 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS BOTANICAL SERIES FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME XIX, PART II APRIL 20, 1938 PUBLICATION 408 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS V.I9- THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PASSIFLORACEAE ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP Subgenus XVIII. GRANADILLA Series 1. Quadrangulares 195. Passiflora quadrangularis L. Syst. ed. 10. 1248. 1759. Granadilla quadrangularis Medic. Malvenfam. 97. 1787. Passiflora quadrangularis var. sukata Jacq. Stirp. Amer. 232. L 1763. Passiflora tetragona M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 165. 1846. Passiflora macrocarpa Mast. Gard. Chron. 1869: 1012. 1869. Plant glabrous throughout; stem stout, 4-angled, the angles con- spicuously winged; stipules ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 3.5 cm. ' long, 1 to 2 cm. wide, acute at apex, narrowed at base, entire or > slightly serrulate, thin-membranous; petioles 2 to 5 cm. long, stout, canaliculate along upper side, 6-glandular, the glands in pairs, nearly sessile; leaves entire, broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 10 to 20 cm. v long, 8 to 15 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, rounded, subtruncate, shallowly cordate, entire at margin, penninerved, the midnerve prominent, strongly elevated beneath, the principal lateral nerves 10 to 12 to a side, elevated beneath; peduncles 1.5 to 3 cm. long, 3-angled; bracts cordate-ovate, 3 to 5.5 cm. long, 1.5 to 4 cm. wide, acute or acutish, entire or serrulate toward base, thin-membranous; flowers up to 12 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals ovate or ovate-oblong, 3 to 4 cm. long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. wide, concave, cucullate at apex, corniculate, greenish or greenish red without, white, violet, or pinkish within; petals oblong-ovate to oblong- l lanceolate, 3 to 4.5 cm. long, 1 to 2 cm. wide, obtuse, flat, white, deeply pink-tinged; corona 5-ranked, the 2 outer ranks filamentose, subequal (filaments up to 6 cm. long, equaling or somewhat longer than the sepals, terete, radiate, banded with reddish purple and white at base, blue at middle, densely mottled with pinkish blue in upper half), the third rank tubercular (tubercles clavate, about 2 mm. long, deep reddish purple), the fourth rank filamentose (filaments 1 to u 1.5 mm. long, banded with reddish purple and white), the innermost rank membranous, 3 to 7 mm. long, unequally lacerate-cleft, slightly inclined inward; operculum membranous, 4 to 6 mm. long, inclined 335 336 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIX inward, denticulate, white, reddish purple at margin; limen annular, fleshy; gynophore stout, enlarged in lower third by 2 annular proc- esses (trochlea); ovary ovoid; fruit oblong-ovoid, 20 to 30 cm. long, 12 to 15 cm. wide, terete or longitudinally 3-grooved; seeds broadly obcordate or suborbicular, 7 to 10 mm. long, 5 to 8.5 mm. wide, strongly flattened, reticulate at center of each face, radiately striate at margin. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Stirp. Amer. pi. 143; Cav. Diss. 10: pi. 283; Bot. Reg. 1: pi. 14; Veil. Fl. Flumin. 9: pi. 76; Tussac, Fl. An till. 4: pi. 10, 11; Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: pi. 3; 27: pi. 64, f. 1-6, pi. 65, f. 8-10; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: pi. 19, 20; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: pi. 12; Garden 59: 7; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 1221. /. 1651; Stand. Cycl. Hort, 2482. /. 2770; Card. Chron. III. 44: 444; Popenoe, Man. Trop. Fr. 247. /. 31; Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pi. 115; Smiths. Inst. Ann. Rep. 1920: pi. 19. 1922; Ochse, Fruit & Fruitcult. in Dutch E. Ind. pi. 40. 1931; Mutis, Icon. PI. Ined. 26: pi 3. DISTRIBUTION: Cultivated throughout tropical America, at elevations up to 2,500 meters, its native region uncertain. MEXICO: Chiapas: Seler 1969 (B). GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Panzos, J. D. Smith 1626 (N). Suchitepequez: Cuyotenango, J. D. Smith 2466 (K, N). Las Animas, Shannon 447 (N). Escuintla: Escuintla, J. D. Smith 2088 (N, Y). SALVADOR: San Salvador, Colderon 52 (G, N). Tonacatepeque, Standley 19485 (G, N). NICARAGUA: "He d'Omotepe," Levy 1145 (Bo, Gen, P). San Juan de Nicaragua, Friedrichsthal 546 (V). Chontales, R. Tate 109 (K). COSTA RICA: Pittier 3904 (Brux). Shirores, Tonduz 9325 (Brux, N). Rio Turrialba, Pittier 13207 (J. D. Smith 7522; K, N, V). Las Vueltas, Tonduz 13001 (Bo, N). Cairo, Standley & Valerio 48400 (N), 48420 (N). Llanuras de Santa Clara, J. D. Smith 6527 (N). Guapiles, Standley 37159 (N). El Coyolar, Alajuela, Standley 40041 (N). Puerto Jimenez, Brenes 12260 (F). PANAMA: Seemann 119 (K). Canal Zone: Chagres, Fendler 119 (N). Panama: Juan Diaz, Standley 32057 (N). BAHAMAS: Curtiss 195 (B, BM, P). CUBA: Habana: Santiago de Las Vegas, Killip 13521 (N); Van Hermann 616 (F, K, Mo, N, P). Finca Mulgoba, Van Hermann AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 337 8092 (HV). Oriente: Baracoa, Ekman 4341 (S). Sierra de Nipe, Ekman 6503 (S). HAITI: Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 12455 (N). Massif du Nord, Ekman H3820 (N). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Poiteau (B, Gen, P). Rio San Juan, Miller 1192 (N). JAMAICA: Browne (Linn, type). Hope Gardens, G. N. Collins 63 (N); Hams 660 (EM, Cal, J); Perkins 43 (B). PUERTO Rico: Rio Piedras, Stevenson 6715 (N). Bayamon, Sintenis 531 (B); 1122 (B, BM, G, N, V). Mayagiiez, Sintenis 490 (B). Adjuntas, Underwood & Griggs 778 (N). Sierra de Naguabo, Shafer 3483 (N, Y). ST. CROIX: Ricksecker 279 (F, N), 279bis (F). SABA: Boldingh (Ut). ST. EUSTATIUS: Van Groll (V). GUADELOUPE: Duss 3779 (Cop, F, N); Stehle 462 (N). MARTINIQUE: Belanger 431 (P); Duss 884 (N). ST. VINCENT: H. H. Smith 183 (N). TRINIDAD: Trinidad Herb. 2589 (T). Royal Botanic Garden, Bailey Ta (N), Tb (G, N). SURINAM: Dahlberg (Linn). Cupido, B. W. 838 (Ut). Wullschlagel 982 (Brux). BRITISH GUIANA: Jenman 6427 (N). Kabakaburi, Pomeroon District, De la Cruz 3298 (N, Y). VENEZUELA: Federal District: Caracas, Pittier 12403 (N). COLOMBIA: San Bartolome", Rio Magdalena, Humboldt & Bon- pland 1623 (P). Bolivar: Rio Sinu, Pennell 4662 (Y). Santander: Puerto Wilches, Killip & Smith 14734 (A, G, N, Y), 14823 (A, G, N). Boyaca: El Humbo, Lawrance 585 (S). Cundinamarca: La Esperanza, Ariste Joseph B87 (N); Cuatrecasas 3246 (Ma). Huila: Neiva, Pennell 1135 (Y). Tolima: Honda, Ariste Joseph Bill (N). El Choco: Quibdo, Archer 1852 (N). La Concepcion, Archer 2087 (N). El Valle: Dryander 162 (B). Cisneros, Killip 11494 (G, N, Ph,Y). ECUADOR: Oro: Portovelo, Rose 23398 (N). PERU: San Martin: San Roque, L. Williams 7250 (N). Loreto: Iquitos, Killip & Smith 27152 (N, Y). Rio Itaya, L. Williams 188 338 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIX (F). Huanuco: Ambo, Macbride & Featherstone 21+22 (F, N). Chinchao, Ruiz & Pavdn (Ma). BOLIVIA: La Paz: Coripata, Bang 2198 (BM, Bo, F, G, Gen, N, Ph, V, Y). Tipuani, Buchtien 7384 (N). Apolo, R. S. Williams 1555 (BM, N, Y). BRAZIL: Amazon River, Trochon 28 (P). Minas Geraes: Vicosa, Mexia 4138a (Cal). Passiflora quadrangularis is extensively cultivated in tropical America. The thick rind is often made into sweetmeats or preserves; the pulp has usually a pleasant flavor, and is used with or without sugar, or cooked with milk. Masters segregated P. macrocarpa from P. quadrangularis, but the justification of this segregation is doubtful. The principal differences noted by him between the two were: P. quadrangularis sepals white within; petals red, longer than the sepals; outermost corona filaments equaling the petals; innermost corona filaments dentiform; fruit smaller than in P. macrocarpa, not grooved; P. macrocarpa sepals violet within; petals violet, shorter than the sepals; outermost corona filaments longer than the petals; innermost corona filaments elongate; fruit very large, 3-grooved. The herbarium specimens here cited certainly do not show such a definite correlation of characters, nor do notes made by collectors, though meager, indicate that two species are represented. The description of the coloring of the floral parts here given is based on personal field observations (Killip & Smith 27152}. Fruits which I have examined in tropical markets show much variation in size and in the degree to which they are grooved. The few specimens preserved in the Kew Herbarium, where Masters carried on his studies, do not appear to fall into two readily distinguishable species. A single plant in flower and fruit in the Kew conservatories, passing under the name P. quadrangularis, has the relatively small fruits of that species but the outermost corona filaments are much longer than the petals, as in Masters' P. macrocarpa. Until a thorough study of living material from various parts of tropical America has been made, with a view to demonstrating conclusively the distinct- ness of P. macrocarpa, it seems best to regard it at most as a horti- cultural form of P. quadrangularis. Probably P. Allardii is a horticultural hybrid of P. quadrangularis and P. caerulea. It is represented in herbaria by Standley & Valerio 44024 (N) and Pittier 481 (Brux), both cultivated near San Jose", Costa Rica. AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 339 LOCAL NAMES: "Granadilla" (throughout Spanish America); "granadilla real" (southern Mexico and Central America); "sandia de la Pasion" (Tepic and Guerrero); "barbadine" (French Antilles); "parcha granadina" (Venezuela); "mereekoeja," "mereekoeja fire- beroe," "groote markoesa" (Surinam); "badea" (Colombia and northern Ecuador) ; "tumbo" (southern Ecuador and Peru) ; "badera" (Colombia and Ecuador); "quijon" (Bolivia); "maracuja-assu," "maracuja uagu," "maracuja mamao" (Brazil).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Revision of Neotropical Diospyros (Ebenaceae): Part 8
    Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 117 151–218 Wien, Jänner 2015 A revision of neotropical Diospyros (Ebenaceae): part 8 B. Wallnöfer* Abstract In the course of a revision of New World Ebenaceae for "Flora Neotropica" and some regional floras, spec- imens from ca. 100 herbaria have been studied. The South American and Antillean Diospyros inconstans JACQ. is here subdivided into five subspecies (inconstans, darienk subsp.n., delgadoi, obovata, and psidi­ oides) which are described in detail. A neotype for D. inconstans, and lectotypes for Annona imbitibana GLAZ., D. conduplicata KUNTH, D. psidioides KUNTH, D. velutina HIERN, Maba inconstans var. granatensis HIERN, and Macreightia obovata MART. ex MIQ. are here selected. The names Annona imbitibana GLAZ., D. acreana CAVALCANTE, D. anzoateguiensis STEYERM., D. berteroi ("berterii") A.DC., D. boliviana RUSBY, D. conduplicata KUNTH, D. velutina HIERN, Maba inconstans var. granatensis HIERN, and Macreightia pavo­ nii A.DC. are relegated into synonymy. The chromosome number 2n = 30 is reported for D. inconstans subsp. psidioides, D. yatesiana STANDL. ex LUNDELL and D. texana SCHEELE. Figures, distribution maps, vernacular names, information on habitat and ecology, and lists of specimens are included. Key words: Ebenaceae, Diospyros inconstans subsp. inconstans, subsp. darienk, subsp. delgadoi, subsp. obovata, subsp. psidioides, D. acreana, D. anzoateguiensis, D. berteroi ("berterii"), D. boliviana, D. condu­ plicata, D. delgadoi, D. pavonii, D. psidioides, D. velutina, D. texana, D. yatesiana, Maba inconstans var. granatensis, Macreightia obovata, M. pavonii, Annona imbitibana, revision, taxonomy, distribution maps, chromosome count, flora South American, Antilles. Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer Revision der neuweltlichen Ebenaceae für "Flora Neotropica" und einige Regionalfloren konnten Herbarbelege aus ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Article Download
    wjpls, 2020, Vol. 6, Issue 9, 114-132 Review Article ISSN 2454-2229 Arjun et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical World Journaland Life of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Life Science WJPLS www.wjpls.org SJIF Impact Factor: 6.129 A REVIEW ARTICLE ON PLANT PASSIFLORA Arjun Saini* and Bhupendra Kumar Dev Bhoomi Institute of Pharmacy and Research Dehradun Uttrakhand Pin: 248007. Corresponding Author: Arjun Saini Dev Bhoomi Institute of Pharmacy and Research Dehradun Uttrakhand Pin: 248007. Article Received on 29/06/2020 Article Revised on 19/07/2020 Article Accepted on 09/08/2020 ABSTRACT Nature has been a wellspring of remedial administrators for an enormous number of year and a vital number of present day calm have been isolated from customary sources, numerous reliant on their use in ordinary medicine. Plants from the family Passiflora have been used in standard drug by various social orders. Flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, phenolic blends and eccentric constituents have been represented as the major phyto- constituents of the Passiflora spe-cies. This overview delineates the morphology, standard and tales uses, phyto- constituents and pharmacological reports of the prominent kinds of the sort Passiflora. Diverse virgin areas of investigation on the kinds of this sort have been highlighted to examine, detach and recognize the therapeutically huge phyto- constituents which could be utilized to help various diseases impacting the mankind. The objective of the current examination was to concentrate all Passiflora species. The sythesis of each specie presented particularities; this legitimizes the essentialness of studies concentrating on the phenolic bit of different Passiflora species. Flavones C- glycosides were recognized in all concentrates, and are found as the central constituents in P.
    [Show full text]
  • Ve-Nr-01-Es.Pdf
    MINISTERIO DEL AMBIENTE Y DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES En el mes de junio de 1992, en el marco de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Venezuela suscribió el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica, el cual fue ratificado por el entonces Congreso de la República en el año 1994 por lo que es una ley aprobatoria. La aplicación de este Convenio significó un cambio conceptual al reconocer a los Estados sus derechos soberanos sobre los recursos biológicos, y al declarar la conservación de la diversidad biológica como patrimonio de la humanidad e impuso a las Partes contratantes un conjunto de obligaciones entre las que se encuentra la elaboración del “Informe de País” que hoy presentamos ante la Conferencia de las Partes. En este sentido, y atendiendo los lineamientos establecidos sobre el contenido y presentación del informe, se ha preparado un documento que incluye un estudio sobre la magnitud de la diversidad biológica presente en el país, que lo hace uno de los diez primeros países megadiversos del planeta condición que nos obliga en el conocimiento, conservación y uso sustentable de tan valioso recurso para el futuro de la humanidad. Consideramos importante resaltar que en la recién promulgada Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela se establece como una obligación de Estado la conservación y defensa de la Diversidad Biológica y a demás se reconoce el valor de los conocimientos ancestrales que poseen las comunidades indígenas, sobre la biodiversidad presente en las tierras que ocupan por lo que tendrán derecho a obtener beneficios derivados de la utilización de sus conocimientos tradicionales.
    [Show full text]
  • Primer Registro De Anastrepha Pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera
    Revista peruana de biología 27(2): 229 - 232 (2020) Primer registro de Anastrepha pseudoparallela doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v27i2.17878 Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestando pasifloras ISSN-L 1561-0837; eISSN: 1727-9933 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en Perú Nota científica First record of Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera: Presentado: 22/02/2019 Tephritidae) infesting passion flowers in Peru Aceptado: 30/10/2019 Publicado online: 25/05/2020 Editor: Resumen Diversas especies del género Anastrepha Schiner están asociadas a diferentes hospederos y tienen gran importancia económica en la fruticultura de la región Neotropical. Frutos maduros e inmaduros de seis especies de Passiflora L. fueron Autores colectados en Oxapampa durante el 2016 y 2018. Larvas de Anastrepha pseudopara- Paolo Salazar-Mendoza* 1, 2 llela Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) fueron encontradas infestando frutos dePassiflora [email protected] ambigua Hemsl y Passiflora quadrangularis L. Por primera vez, esta especie de https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-1616 mosca es registrada atacando frutos de pasifloras en el Perú. Alvin Ninahuamán-Calderón 2 [email protected] Abstract https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8032-9126 Several species of the genus Anastrepha Schiner are associated to different hosts Cesar Girón Fernández 3 and have a great economic importance in fruit crops of the Neotropical region. [email protected] Ripe and unripe fruits of six passion flowers species were sampled in Oxapampa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-9931 during 2016 and 2018. Larvae of Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera: Te- Pedro Carlos Strikis 4 phritidae) were detected infesting fruits ofPassiflora ambigua Hemsl and Passiflora [email protected] quadrangularis L.
    [Show full text]
  • Alexander Krings Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7612, U.S.A
    Synopsis of Matelea S.L. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) in Trinidad, Tobago, and the ABC Islands Alexander Krings Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7612, U.S.A. [email protected] ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to provide a synopsis of the species of Matelea s.l. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) from Trinidad, Tobago, and the ABC Islands (Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao) to facilitate their recognition and conservation. Six species are recognized from the area. Three of these reach their northernmost limit on the eastern side of the Caribbean in Trinidad and the ABC islands (M. reflexa, M. rubra, M. squiresii). Two species reach the Lesser Antilles (M. denticulata, M. hirsuta). One is broadly distributed to the Greater Antilles on the east and to Panama on the west (M. maritima). RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar una sinopsis de las especies de Matelea s.l. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) de Trinidad, Tobago, y las Islas ABC (Aruba, Bonaire, y Curaçao) para facilitar su reconocimiento y conservación. Se reconocen seis especies en el área. Tres de ellas alcanzan su límite norte en el lado este del Caribe en Trinidad y las islas ABC (M. reflexa, M. rubra, M. squiresii). Dos especies alcanzan las Antillas Menores (M. denticulata, M. hirsuta). Una está ampliamente distribuida hasta las Antillas Mayores en la costa este y hasta Panamá en el oeste (M. maritima). About fifty species of subtribe Gonolobinae (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) occur on the islands comprised by the Greater and Lesser Antilles, the Bahamas, Trinidad and Tobago, and Aruba and the Netherland Antilles.
    [Show full text]
  • Cactology II
    Edited & published by Alessandro Guiggi Viale Lombardia 59, 21053 Castellanza (VA), Italy International Cactaceae Research Center (ICRC) [email protected] The texts have been written by Alessandro Guiggi Roy Mottram revised the English text The texts in Spanish have been translated by M. Patricia Palacios R. The texts in French have been translated by Gérard Delanoy Illustrations by the author & individual contributors All right reserved No parts of this issue may be reproduced in any form, without permission from the Publisher © Copyright ICRC ISSN 1971-3010 Cover illustration Adult plant of Melocactus intortus subsp. broadwayi with its cephalium from Micoud, Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles. Photo by J. Senior. Back cover illustration Crested plant of Pilosocereus lanuginosus subsp. colombianus cult. hort. Jardin Exotique of Monaco. Photo by A. Guiggi. Nomenclatural novelties proposed in this issue Melocactus caesius subsp. lobelii (Suringar) Guiggi comb. nov. Melocactus macracanthos subsp. stramineus (Suringar) Guiggi comb. et stat nov. Melocactus mazelianus subsp. andinus Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Melocactus mazelianus subsp. schatzlii (Till et R. Gruber) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Melocactus mazelianus subsp. schatzlii forma guanensis (Xhonneux et Fernandez- Alonso) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Pilosocereus lanuginosus subsp. colombianus (Rose) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Pilosocereus lanuginosus subsp. moritzianus (Otto ex Pfeiffer) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Pilosocereus lanuginosus subsp. tillianus (Gruber et Schatzl) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Praepilosocereus Guiggi gen. nov. Praepilosocereus mortensenii (Croizat) Guiggi comb. nov. Subpilocereus fricii (Backeberg) Guiggi comb. nov. Subpilocereus fricii subsp. horrispinus (Backeberg) Guiggi comb. et stat. nov. Corrigendum Cactology I Pag. 23: The geographical distribution of Consolea spinosissima subsp.
    [Show full text]
  • XIII Congreso Venezolano De Geofísica, Caracas 2006 Colombia-Venezuela-Trinidad Basin History
    Colombia-Venezuela-Trinidad "Caribbean Oblique Collision Model" revised Roger Higgs*, Geoclastica Ltd, Marlborough, England Summary Barranquilla segment), due to the arrival of Caribbean Plateau thickened crust, causing initial uplift of the Eastern The Caribbean Oblique Collision Model, that northern Cordillera bivergent orogen, forming foreland basins on South America was a late Jurassic-Miocene passive margin, each side. The Santander Massif was also uplifted, as an destroyed by diachronous (Paleocene-Miocene) collision oblique (sinistral) bivergent orogen, with flanking foreland with the east-migrating Caribbean Arc, requires three major basins: the Lower Magdalena; and the "Catatumbo revisions: (1) rifting persisted about 25 m.y. later than the Foreland Basin", whose Oligo-Miocene deposits thin ENE, model dictates, based on diverse evidence for a thick (c. 4 onlapping the former Proto-Caribbean "Maracaibo Thrust km) but partly vanished (dissolved) lowest Cretaceous Belt", hence the "Eocene unconformity". halite unit, here named the Carib Halite Formation, deposited in a graben complex reaching from Colombia The same choking mechanism affected the Santa Marta (Bogotá halite) through Venezuela to Trinidad; (2) segment of the subduction zone near the start of Pliocene orogenic onset was neither diachronous nor caused by time (c. 5 Ma), forming the bivergent Mérida Andes, with Caribbean collision. Instead, orogeny began along the flanking foreland basins, and the mainly NW-vergent entire NW Colombia-Venezuela-Trinidad former passive Perijá-Santa Marta ranges. Mountains also formed margin in latest Cretaceous time, due to southward Proto- throughout the Gulf of Venezuela-Falcón region, aided by Caribbean subduction (too slowly to produce an arc), rapid NW thrust advance (halite decollement).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Appendix 2. Plant Material Collected by David Fairchild in the Bahamas
    1 Appendix 2. Plant material collected by David Fairchild in the Bahamas during the first USDA expedition to the Caribbean Islands on board Utowana. Taxonomy follows Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (2012) and Acevedo-Rodríguez (2019). Scientific namea/Common Locality/date Status USDA accession Post- Reference for Page name number/David expedition USDA accession in number Fairchild’s collection cultivation USDA germplasm in number/US barcode status introduction Dorsett number journal (1936)b Acacia choriophylla Benth. Mayaguana [as Native 98977/3905/00930181 Chapman Ryerson, 1934: 31 714 [= Vachellia choriophylla Mariguana]/29-Mar-32 Field, Miami (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger] (Fabaceae)/Cinnecord Achras zapota L. [= Arthur Town, Cat Cultivated 95688/2565/- Ryerson, 1933: 9 98, 99, Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Island/Unreported 714 Royen] (Sapotaceae)/Sapodilla Annona squamosa L. Eleuthera/Unreported Cultivated 98797/-/- Ryerson, 1934: 23 148 (Annonaceae)/Sugar- apple Arecaceae sp. [Hyophorbe Nassau, New Cultivated 99643/2555ac/- Ryerson, 1934: 57 lagenicaulis (L.H.Bailey) Providence/1-Jan-32 H.E.Moore] (Arecaceae)/Bottle palm Arecaceae sp Nassau, New Cultivated -/2525d/- 830 Providence/1-Jan-32 Artocarpus incisa [= A. In the garden of Mrs. Cultivated 99516/2576/- Det. House, Ryerson, 1934: 50 86, 128, altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] Edward George, Nassau, Washington 129, 720 (Moraceae)/Breadfruit New Providence/9-Jan- DC 32 2 Asparagus sp. [= A. In the garden of Mrs. Cultivated 96501/2574/00959216 Ryerson, 1933: 28 119, 124, aethiopicus (Kunth) Edward George, Nassau, 125, 722 Jessop] New Providence/9-Jan- (Asparagaceae)/Asparagus 32 fern Bourreria ovata Miers [= Rum Cay/6-Jan-32 Native 95695/2571/01128572 Ryerson, 1933: 9, 828 B. succulenta Jacq.] 10 (Boraginaceae)/Strong- back Bradburya virginiana (L.) Spanish Wells, Native 97306/2594/00996186 Ryerson, 1933: 48 830 Kuntze [= Centrosema Eleuthera/10-Jan-32 virginianum (L.) Benth.] (Fabaceae)/Butterfly-pea Bucida buceras L.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society, Volume 9, December 2009
    4 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 VASCULAR PLANTS OF SOUTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA FROM THE SANS BOIS TO THE KIAMICHI MOUNTAINS Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 1969 Francis Hobart Means, Jr. Midwest City, Oklahoma Current Email Address: [email protected] The author grew up in the prairie region of Kay County where he learned to appreciate proper management of the soil and the native grass flora. After graduation from college, he moved to Eastern Oklahoma State College where he took a position as Instructor in Botany and Agronomy. In the course of conducting botany field trips and working with local residents on their plant problems, the author became increasingly interested in the flora of that area and of the State of Oklahoma. This led to an extensive study of the northern portion of the Oauchita Highlands with collections currently numbering approximately 4,200. The specimens have been processed according to standard herbarium procedures. The first set has been placed in the Herbarium of Oklahoma State University with the second set going to Eastern Oklahoma State College at Wilburton. Editor’s note: The original species list included habitat characteristics and collection notes. These are omitted here but are available in the dissertation housed at the Edmon-Low Library at OSU or in digital form by request to the editor. [SS] PHYSICAL FEATURES Winding Stair Mountain ranges. A second large valley lies across the southern part of Location and Area Latimer and LeFlore counties between the The area studied is located primarily in Winding Stair and Kiamichi mountain the Ouachita Highlands of eastern ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsatellite Marker Development by Partial Sequencing of the Sour
    Araya et al. BMC Genomics (2017) 18:549 DOI 10.1186/s12864-017-3881-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Microsatellite marker development by partial sequencing of the sour passion fruit genome (Passiflora edulis Sims) Susan Araya1, Alexandre M Martins2, Nilton T V Junqueira3, Ana Maria Costa3, Fábio G Faleiro3 and Márcio E Ferreira2,4* Abstract Background: The Passiflora genus comprises hundreds of wild and cultivated species of passion fruit used for food, industrial, ornamental and medicinal purposes. Efforts to develop genomic tools for genetic analysis of P. edulis, the most important commercial Passiflora species, are still incipient. In spite of many recognized applications of microsatellite markers in genetics and breeding, their availability for passion fruit research remains restricted. Microsatellite markers in P. edulis are usually limited in number, show reduced polymorphism, and are mostly based on compound or imperfect repeats. Furthermore, they are confined to only a few Passiflora species. We describe the use of NGS technology to partially assemble the P. edulis genome in order to develop hundreds of new microsatellite markers. Results: A total of 14.11 Gbp of Illumina paired-end sequence reads were analyzed to detect simple sequence repeat sites in the sour passion fruit genome. A sample of 1300 contigs containing perfect repeat microsatellite sequences was selected for PCR primer development. Panels of di- and tri-nucleotide repeat markers were then tested in P. edulis germplasm accessions for validation. DNA polymorphism was detected in 74% of the markers (PIC = 0.16 to 0.77; number of alleles/locus = 2 to 7). A core panel of highly polymorphic markers (PIC = 0.46 to 0.77) was used to cross-amplify PCR products in 79 species of Passiflora (including P.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review on Genus Passiflora: an Endangered Species
    IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 15, Issue 4 Ser. I (Jul. –Aug. 2020), PP 17-21 www.Iosrjournals.Org A Review on Genus Passiflora: An Endangered Species Tulsi Bisht 1*, Vinod Rana2, Himani Bajaj3 1 Kingston Imperial Institute of Science and Technology, Dehradun 2Siddhartha Institute of Pharmacy, Dehradun 3AVIPS, Shobhit University, Saharanpur Corresponding Author: Dr. Tulsi Bisht, Associate Prof., Kingston Imperial Institute of Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; Abstract The focus of this review is to provide information on Passiflora plant which is used since ancient time for various remedies, but much work is needed to prove its pharmacological evidences. Plants from this genus known to contain various active principals of therapeutic value and possesses biological activity against number of diseases. Plants of the genus Passiflora are shrubs and herbs, mostly climbers with auxiliary tendrils. Other than medicinal uses, the plant is widely used as a flavouring agent and ornamental flower. Literature survey reveals Passiflora contain so many phytochemicals that can be used as remedies for treatment of various diseases. Therefore, further studies may be carried out to prove the potential of these plants. This review focusses on ancient history, various properties and species of Passiflora. Keywords: Passiflora, remedies, species, genus ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Date of Submission: 23-06-2020 Date of Acceptance: 11-07-2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- I. Introduction Passiflora was introduced into medicine in 1839 or 1840 by Dr. L. Phares, of Mississippi, who, in the New Orleans Medical Journal, records some trials of the drug made by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • A Global Representative System Of
    A GLOBAL REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM OF. MARTNE PROTE CTED AREAS Public Disclosure Authorized ; ,a,o k. @ S~~ ~r' ~~~~, - ( .,t, 24762 Volume 4 Public Disclosure Authorized .. ~fr..'ne .. G~,eat Barrier R M P.'k Authority Public Disclosure Authorized £S EM' '' , 0Th.o1,, ;, Public Disclosure Authorized a a b . ' Gtat Barrier Rdeef Mnarine Park Authori ''*' i' . ' ; -, a5@ttTh jO The'Wor1&~B'ank .~ ' a K ' ;' 6''-7 Th WorId>Conserutsibn Union (IUCN) $-. , tA,, -h, . §,; . A Global Representative System of Marine Protected Areas Principal Editors Graeme Kelleher, Chris Bleakley, and Sue Wells Volume IV The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority The World Bank The World Conservation Union (IUCN) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. Manufactured in the United States of America First printing May 1995 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. This publication was printed with the generous financial support of the Government of The Netherlands. Copies of this publication may be requested by writing to: Environment Department The World Bank Room S 5-143 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. WORLD CNPPA MARINE REGIONS 0 CNPPAMARINE REGION NUMBERS - CNPPAMARINE REGION BOUNDARIES / > SJ/) a l ti c \~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ali OD ' 0 Nort/h@ / North East %f , Nrkwestltsni North Eastt IPaa _?q g Nrharr etwcific \ t\ / , .............
    [Show full text]