Fighting Talk, Vol. 11, No. 4, May 1957
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The Blue Notes: South African Jazz and the Limits of Avant-Garde Solidarities in Late 1960S London
The Blue Notes: South African Jazz and the Limits of Avant-Garde Solidarities in Late 1960s London Lindelwa Dalamba University of the Witwatersrand, Wits School of Arts, Department of Music, Johannesburg, South Africa [email protected] Notes on contributor Lindelwa Dalamba teaches music history, specializing in South African jazz and other musical modernisms, in the Music Department of the University of the Witwatersrand’s School of Arts. ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3601-6955 1 The Blue Notes: South African Jazz and the Limits of Avant-Garde Solidarities in Late 1960s London For the Blue Notes, an ensemble comprised of South African jazz musicians living in Britain, 1968 was pivotal. After three years on the margins of the London jazz scene, their debut album Very Urgent was released in May that year to positive acclaim. Very Urgent was understood as an important statement of the British jazz avant-garde movement that captured the spirit of 1968, infused with the Blue Notes’ musical South Africanisms. In this article, I explore how shifting understandings of jazz in the 1960s aided and undermined the Blue Notes’ musical identities: as mbaqanga, hard bop and free jazz musicians. I argue that Very Urgent and, to an extent, the Blue Notes, cannot be understood solely in the terms favored by their early reception in Britain. Rather, both represent a complex matrix of personal, musical and political relations that constituted British and South African jazz art worlds in the 1960s. Keywords: South African jazz, London, the Blue Notes, exile, Very Urgent For me this conscious kind of South Africanism came in exile. -
Notes and References
Notes and References 1 The Invisible Migrants There have, however, been several short articles on exiled and other South Africans in Britain which have appeared in journals and news papers such as Race Today, New Society, Third World, the Guardian and the Independent on Sunday (Kozonguizi, 1969; Lapping, 1969; de Gier, 1987; Cunningham, 1988). 2 Apart from the plethora of autobiographies and two Hollywood films (Cry Freedom and A World Apart), a series of interviews with South African exiles appeared in the British press: with Hugh Masekela (Johnson, 1990), Peter Hain (Keating, 1991) and articles on South Africans in Britain by Freedberg (1990), Sher (1991) and Fathers (1992) . In addition, Anthony Sher appeared in a film written by Alan Cubitt for 'Screen Play' on BBC2, The Land of Dreams (transmitted 8 August 1990), and Christopher Hope (1990) presented a Kaleido scope programme on exile for Radio Four (transmitted 16 February 1990). 3 There have, of course, been exceptions. In a book published in 1994, Robin Cohen traced the relationship between Britain and Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and Rhodesia (Cohen, 1994). 4 None of these archives have been fully catalogued. Indeed, the mate rial in the IDAF and AAM collections will not be easily accessible for several more years. 5 The choice of 75 interviews seemed a reasonable compromise between my desire to obtain detailed accounts and a series of resource and time constraints. The sample size was chosen to give me enough information to study exiles as individuals as well as enough people to be able to consider what was going on among other exile groupings. -
INTRODUCTION 1. Though the Policies of Apartheid and Separate Development Sought to Preserve African Languages and Traditions, T
Notes INTRODUCTION 1. Though the policies of apartheid and separate development sought to preserve African languages and traditions, this was part of a wider programme to confine the 'Bantu' to their tribal cultures; it took no account of the degree of tribal integration that had taken place, and very little account of the natural linguistic developments within the black communities- developments which were never towards greater purity. The major liberation movements therefore view this official tampering with African cultures as part of the machinery of repression. 2. Recent work by Couzens and others demonstrates much more fully than has hitherto been shown, the operations of African tradition within the work of those early writers. See Daniel Kunene's new translation of Mofolo's Chaka and Tim Couzens' editions ofDhlomo. 3. A shebeen is a drinking place run, illegally, by African women, usually in their own homes. Thus while it serves the function of a bar, and is often the scene of wild drinking bouts, it has the character of a family living room. 4. See R. Kavanagh, Theatre and Cultural Struggle in South Africa (London: Zed Books, 1985) p. 33. CHAPTER 1 1. Mafika Gwala, No More Lullabies (Johannesburg: Ravan Press, 1982) p. 10. 2. Terry Eagleton, Literary Theory: An Introduction (Oxford: Basil Black well, 1983) p. 21. 3. Athol Fugard, John Kani & Winston Ntshona, 'The Island', Statements (London & Capetown: Oxford U.P., 1974) p. 62. 4. Eagleton, Criticism and Ideology: A Study in Marxist Literary Theory (London: Verso, 1978) p. 49. 5. Donald Woods, Biko (New York & London: Paddington Press, 1978) p. -
The New African Cape Town and London, 1962-70
The New African Cape Town and London, 1962-70 Promoting ‘the advance of a united Africa and the liberation of its southern peoples’ Beginnings To many hoping for change in our continent 1960 was ‘Africa Year’, with many colonies becoming independent, as reflected in Harold Macmillan’s ‘wind of change’ speech in Cape Town on 3 February 1960. Africa was on the move towards a democratic future and in South Africa the ‘positive action campaign’ of the Pan Africanist Congress brought the first hope of a ‘wind of change’ that would blow away the country’s legacy of racial oppression. On 21 March 1960 there were police shootings at Sharpeville and Langa. The peaceful march into Cape Town on 29 March led by Philip Kgosana of the PAC was a factor leading to the brief abrogation of the Pass Laws. For a few days change seemed possible. A State of Emergency, with mass detentions, followed on 30 March 1960. The Verwoerd government proscribed the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress and detained hundreds of political activists, including the first Liberal Party members thus to be gaoled, temporarily blighting the process of political change. Green shoots soon appeared on the seemingly moribund body politic outside the whites-only parliament. Among the newest of these was the germination of the radical ideas of a group of young Liberals who saw the events of 1960 as a turning point towards the non-racial democratic South Africa which was our goal. We also saw the need for a magazine aimed at opening up debate and spreading the word about the new Africa. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Organized non-violent rejection of the law for political ends: the experience of blacks in South Africa Carter, David How to cite: Carter, David (1978) Organized non-violent rejection of the law for political ends: the experience of blacks in South Africa, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/8073/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 ORGANIZED NON-VIOLENT REJECTION OF THE LAW FOR POLITICAL ENDS THE EXPERIENCE OF BLACKS IN SOUTH AFRICA DAVID CARTER Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy At the University of Durham Department of Politics 1978 V 1 ABSTRACT Organized Non-violent Rejection of the Law for Political Ends The Experience of Blacks m South Africa DAVID GARTER The study sets down and assesses the record of organized militant non-violent rejection of the law for political ends by Blacks m South Africa. -
Contact, Vol. 2, No. 13
Contact, Vol. 2, No. 13 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org/. Page 1 of 24 Alternative title Contact Author/Creator Selemela Publications (Cape Town) Publisher Selemela Publications (Cape Town) Date 1959-06-27 Resource type Journals (Periodicals) Language Afrikaans, English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa Coverage (temporal) 1959 Source Digital Imaging South Africa (DISA) Format extent 12 page(s) (length/size) Page 2 of 24 eEvery Fortnight 6d.CONTACTSOUTH AFRICA'S NON-RACIAL -REYIE WIN THIS ISSUEREAD ABOUTLiberals - A.N.C. - N.I.C. on Lutuli BanMan Who is Fighting Farm Labour ScandalNat. Ban on Press ReportsWEEK ENDING 27th June 1959See PAGE 21 u Kc%. -
Black Power in South Africa: the Evolution of an Ideology
Black power in South Africa: the evolution of an ideology http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.crp2b20026 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Black power in South Africa: the evolution of an ideology Author/Creator Gerhart, Gail M. Publisher University of California Press (Berkeley) Date 1978 Resource type Books Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa Coverage (temporal) 1943 - 1978 Source Northwestern University Libraries, Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, 968 G368bl Rights By kind permission of Gail M. Gerhart. Description This book traces the evolution of Africanist and Black Consciousness thinking, from the ANC Youth League and the Pan Afrianist Congress through the Black Consciousness Movement of the 1970s. -
Mohandas Gandhi Life
Gandhi’s “four pearls” Thambi and Veerammal had nine children: Kuppusamy, Thayanayagee (Thailema), Pakirisamy (Pakiri), Naransamy (Roy), Barasarthi, Balakrishnan, Shanthavathi (Shanthie), Seshammal and Mithalin. Shanthie died in childhood, probably of smallpox, at Tolstoy Farm. In 1909 Kuppusamy was sentenced to seven days’ imprisonment with hard labour for hawking without a licence. In 1910 he was again sentenced to three months with hard labour. At Gandhi’s farewell banquet in July 1914 on the eve of his departure for India, Thambi presented four of his sons – Naransamy (Roy), Pakirisamy (Pakiri), Barasarthi and Balakrishnan – to him, saying that they were to become servants of India. The boys had been Gandhi’s pupils at Tolstoy Farm. He referred to them as his “four pearls”. Gandhi bids farewell to his friends in Cape Town, 1914. Photo: Wits Historical Papers “Of all the precious gifts given to us, those four boys are the most “I sat up, alone, by his precious. I don’t know that we are worthy to take charge of them.” side on the last day of his Mohandas Gandhi life. Pakiri’s father had The boys travelled to India in 1915 and were educated in the tradition of sacrifice and dedication to the common good at an ashram in Kochrab, entrusted him to me. When Ahmedabad. In March 1916, Pakiri died at the ashram. After Pakiri’s death, Veerammal insisted that the other boys be sent back to Pakiri had gone, I lost the South Africa, and raised the money for their return passage. Barasarthi and Balakrishnan returned to South Africa in 1919, but Roy stayed on to study under the poet and Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. -
The Personal Papers of Zachariah Keodirelang
Accession 101 UNISA DOCUMENTATION CENTRE FOR AFRICAN STUDIES THE PERSONAL PAPERS OF ZACHARIAH KEODIRELANG MATTHEWS Updated by Ammi Ryke March 2010 ZK Matthews biographical information Zachariah Keodirelang Matthews was born in Kimberley in 1901. After finishing high school, he enrolled for a BA degree at Fort Hare, and completed it in 1923 – thereby becoming the first African to obtain a BA degree at a South African Institution. After private study, Matthews became in 1930, the first African to earn an LL.B. degree in South Africa, and was admitted as an attorney to the Johannesburg bar and the Transvaal division of the Supreme Court. In 1933 he was invited to study at Yale University in the United States, and the following year he completed an MA there. Afterwards he spent a year at the London School of Economics to study anthropology. He returned to South Africa in 1935, and in 1936 he was appointed lecturer at Fort Hare in Social Anthropology and Native Law and Administration. In 1944 Matthews became head of Fort Hare’s department of African Studies, and he was also promoted to professor. On the political front, Matthews became ANC provincial president for the Cape in June 1949. He proposed the basic idea of the Congress of the People in his presidential address to the Cape annual conference in August 1953. In December 1956, when he was the acting principal of Fort Hare, he became one of the accused in the Treason Trial. On his release from the trial in late 1958, he returned to Fort Hare. -
PRICF-- OUR COVER PICTURES. Huge Crowds, Giving
PRICF-- PRICF-- OUR COVER PICTURES. Huge crowds, giving the 'AFRIKA!' salute, filled the streets near the Drill Hall when the Treason Trial opened. The Bishop of Johannesburg, with him the Rey. Pinnock, intervened between police end crowd when a tense atmosphere developed after police fir- TREASON TRIAL FIJND DONORS REASSURED From Our Own Representative MARITZBURG, Wednesday. PEOPLE who give to the Treason Trial Defence Fund will not be taking sides between the prosecution and the accused but will be taking a timely stand for justice and humanity, the Hon. Richard Feetham, former Appellate Division Judge and one of the Fund's sponsors, says in a letter to " The Natal Mercury." The letter reads: "May I, as longed trial are bound to be established for the purposes a sponsor of the Treason Trial heavy, specified in its constitution, which Defence Fund, be allowed "Apart from meeting legal include the provision of 'adequate costs, the Fund has of course to legal defence' of the accused again to urge upon the atten- continue during the trial to pro- persons at their trial. tion of your readers the con- vide needed means of livelihood "In answer to the second point, tinuing need of the Fund for for the accused persons and their let me say that the presentation wives and children. The selec- of a proper legal defence is gentheir generous support? tion of Pretoria as the place of erally recognised as indispensable "Friday, August 1, is the open- trial in preference to Johannes- in any case of this character for ing date for the trial, which is burg is involving an increase in the purpose of ensuring that the to take place at Pretoria before the Fund's liabilities under this Court concerned will be in a posia specially constituted Court of head. -
Download National Orders Booklet 2008.Pdf
Order of Proceedings PRESENTATION OF NATIONAL ORDERS OUNION BUILDINGS PRETORIA 28 OCTOBER 2008 10:30 − 12:30 1. Nominees of the National Orders and guests take their seats 2. Arrival of President Kgalema Motlanthe 3. The National Anthem 4. Word of welcome by the Chancellor of National Orders 5. Ceremonial oration by the Grand Patron of National Orders 6. Investiture of the National Orders • THE ORDER OF MENDI FOR BRAVERY • THE ORDER OF IKHAMANGA • THE ORDER OF MAPUNGUBWE • THE ORDER OF THE COMPANIONS OF OR TAMBO 7. The President, the Chancellor, the Advisory Council, together with the recipients of National Orders proceed to the upper lawns on the western side of the Union Buildings’ West Wing for a photo opportunity 8. Guests proceed to the marquee on the western lawns of the Union Buildings Luncheon Grand Patron of National Orders President Kgalema Motlanthe Chancellor of National Orders Rev Frank Chikane The Advisory Council on National Orders Ms M Burton, Mr FG Brownell, Ms S Williams-De Bruyn, Prof B Figaji, Dr J Kani, Mr AM Kathrada, Prof C Landman Ms R Mompati, Bishop M Mpumlwana, Mr MMTB Msimang, Dr Y Muthien (Chairperson) and Lt-Gen G Ramano ii Recipients ORDER OF MENDI FOR BRAVERY GOLD 1. Thamsanqa Blessing Fihlela “Hugo Nkabinde” (Posthumous) 2. Nomava Shangase (Posthumous) ORDER OF IKHAMANGA SILVER 3. Peter Henry Abrahams 4. Ronnie Govender 5. Bryan Habana 6. Alfred Hutchinson (Posthumous) 7. Barbara Jurgens 8. Keorapetse William Kgositsile 9. Sibongile Khumalo 10. Ladysmith Black Mambazo 11. Zakes Zulu Mokae 12. Percival Montgomery 13. Lionel Morrison 14. George Mxadana 15. -
High Treason, Etc
VOLUME I INDICTMENT Regina vs. Adams and Others HIGH TREASON, ETC. THE GOVERNMENT PRINTER, PRETORIA IN THE SUPREME COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA (Special Criminal Court constituted in terms of Section 112 of Act 56 of 1955, as amended). The Attorney-General of the Transvaal Province, who as such prosecutes for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen, presents and informs the Court that:— y y . Preparator Preparator t t Examination A Examination A a. (1) FARIED ADAMS. 28. (40) THEOPHILIS MMUSI. 2. (4) H. BARSEL. 29. (41) JOHANNES MODISE. 3. (5) LIONEL BERNSTEIN. 30. (42) PATRICK MOLAOA. 4. (6) PIETER BEYLEVELD. 31. (43) JOSEPH MOL1FE. 5. (8) AN DRIES CHAMILE. 32. (44) MOOSA MOOLLA. 6. (10) BARTHOLOMEW HLAPANE. 33. (45) H. M. MOOSSA. 7. (11) ALFRED HUTCHINSON. 34. (46) E. P. MORETSELE. 8. (12) P. J. HODGSON. 35. (47) OBED MOTSABI. 9. (13) HELEN JOSEPH. 36. (50) SULIMAN N. NATHIE. 10. (14) PAUL JOSEPH. 37. (51) PHINEAS NENE. 11. (15) FISH KEITSING. 38. (52) LILLIAN NGOYI. 12. (16) MOSES KOTANE. 39. (54) JOHN N. NKADIMENG. 13. (17) JERRY KUMALO. 40. (56) P. P. DUMA NOKWE. 14. (18) A. M. KATHRADA. 41. (57) P. P. NTHITHE. 15. (20) LEON LEVY. 42. (58) AHMED E. PATEL. 16. (22) STANLEY LOLLAN. 43. (60) RONALD E. PRESS. 17. (23) FRANK MADIBA. 44. (63) ROBERT RESHA. 18. (24) AARON MAHLANGU. 45. (64) BENNETT SEITSHIRC?. 19. (27) TENNYSON X. MAKIWANA. 46. (65) NIMROD SEJAKE. 20. (28) J. MAKWE. 47. (66) PETER SELEPE. 21. (29) H. G. MAKGOTHI. 48. (67) SYDNEY SHALL. 22. (31) SAMPI MALUPI.