AMAZONIANA XYll (112): 227-242 Kiel. Dezember 2002
On the Central and Western Amazonian genus Tucora MELICHAR, 1926 (Hemiptera: cicadellidae: cicadeilinae): key to species and descriptions of three new taxa
by
D.M. Takiya & G. Mejdalani
M.Sc. Daniela M. Takiya, Departamento de Zoologia, lnstituto de Biologia, Universi- dade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Caixa Postal 68044,21944-970 Rio cle Janeiro. RJ, Brasil and Pós-graduação ern zoologia. Museu Nacional, UFRJ; e-mail: takiya(tQacd, ufrj.br. Prof. Dr. Gabriel Mejdalani, Departarnento de Entornologia, Museu Nacional. UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil; e-nrail: m ej dal an @)ac d. ufrj . br. (Accepteil f'or publication: June, 2002).
Abstract Three new species olthe Neotropical genus Tatora MELICHAII. 1926 are described and illustratecl: Zl henriquesi sp.n. (Brazil: Acre State; Peru: Madre de Dios Departrnent), f. t'avit.hiolii sp.¡. (Brazil: Mato Crosso State), and'7. karipunu sp.n. (Brazil: Ronclônia State). A taxonomic key to males of the tive known species is also provided, including the type-species T. dilecta (WALKER, 1851) and T. setut.otu YOUNG" 1977. Notes on the phylogenetic position ofthe genus Turara are given. and its possible sister groult relationship with Dctsmeusu MELICHAR. 1926 is discussed. lt is suggestetl that the conlnton ¿rncestor of Tacorct and DasnteLt.sa species were distributcd throughout tlie Amazon basin. and was segregated by a vicariant event that isolated the Tatoru ancestor in Western Amazonia (Napo and lnantbari and possibly Inrerí areas of enderrisrn). Keywords: Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae, lacora, Neotropics, taxonomy, new species.
Resumo Três novas espécies do gônero neotropical Tocoro MELICHAR, 1926 são descritas e ilustradas: /. henriquesi sp.n. (Brasil: Estailo do Acre; Peru: Departamento de Madre de Dios). T. t'at'i (WALKER, l85l) e I' suturato YOUNG. 1977. Notas sobre a posição 1ìlogenética do gênero Tittotu sã,o fornecirlas, sendo discutida a sua possivel relaçiìo corno grupo-irrnão de Dasnteusu MELICHAR, I926. Sugere-se quc o ancestral de Tact¡ra e l)a.smeu,su, clìstribuido em toda a Bacia Amazônica. foi segregado por unì evel'ìto vicariante que isolou o ancestral do primeiro gênero na Amazônia ocidental (áreas de endemismo Napo e Inambari e possivelnrente Imel'i). ISSN 0065-67551200212271tO MPf fiir Linrnologie, AG Tropenökologie, Plön; INPA, Manaus 227 Introduction MELICHAR, 1926. This suggestion was based on the similarity of the fernale genitalia, but he ¿id not YOUNG (1977) recorded only two species of Tacora MELICHAR, 1926 tn his mono- specily any shared characters by those genera. Characters found in the female genitalia of Z¿¡¿r¡ra. such as graphic study of the tribe Cicadellini from the New World: T. saturata YOUNG, 1977 (l) the sternite VII produced posteriorly into a median rounded projection, (2) the concavity on the ventral rnargin ofthe second and the type-species T. dilecta (WALKER, l85l). valvulae ofthe ovipositor (and probably the gonoplacs too, although only studied in two species). and (3) the individr¡al In the present paper three new species of Tacora from Northern and Central Western teeth on the dorsal rnargin ofthe second valvulae. are present also in other members of the Paromenr'a generic group, e.g. in some Brazil (Acre, Rondônia, and Mato Grosso states) are described. A taxonomic key to species of Alochct. Buleja, Du,snteustt MELICHAR, 1926' Paromeniu, and Saileruna. The inclividual teeth males of the five known species of Tacora is given. Notes on the systematics of Tacora of thc seconct valvulae are an interesting feature, as most species of Cicadellini appear to have continuous (yOUNG and distribution of the known species in Central and Westem Amazonia are also teeth 1977.. MEJDALANI 1995, 19981 TAKIYA, MEJDALANI & FELIX 2001), not separated provided. as observed in n.ìost PTOOONiiNi species studied (MEJDALANI I998; MEJDALANI & EMMRICH I998I T.AKIYA. MEJDALA- NI & FELIX 1999; CEOTTO, MEJDALANI & FELIX 2000). Materials and methods The cladistic analysis by CAVICHIOLI (1992) shows Tacora soturorq as the sister group of the The specimens studied are deposited in the collections of the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Dasnteusa clade, represented by two of the five described species of this genus (CAVICHIOLI & Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ, Rio de Janeiro). Departamento de Zoologia, Unìversidade Federal do Paraná CHIAMOLERA 1999). The two genera share a strongly convex frons, with the inferior third forming an (DZUP, Curitiba), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG, Belém), and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da angle with the superior part (CAVICHIOLI 1992). Tacora can be easily distinguished frorn Dasnteusu by Amazônia (lNPA, Manaus). In quotations of label data, a reversed virgule (\) separates lines on a label. (l) the absence of paraphyses, (2) larger size (12.4-15.6 mrn compared to 8.8-l l.l rnm), an¿ (3) color Most of the morphological terminology follows YOUNG (1968, 1977), but terminology for the head pattern. All species of Tacorct are yellow or orange, having at least two striking maroon bands on the structures follows HAMILTON (1981), and that for the female genitalia follows NIELSON (19ó5), with forewings, one on the clavus along the claval sulcus and another, transverse and transcommissural, anterior the exception ofthe third valvulae which are treated herein as the gonoplacs, as suggested by MEJDALA- to the claval apex, besides other black, maroon, red or lilac markings. Dasmeusa species are. in contrasr, NI (1998). Techniques for preparation ofgenital structures follow those ofOMAN (1949). The dissected plain yellow, sometimes with a single, orange, transverse band over the forewing apex. parts are stored in microvials with glycerin. Key to males of Tøcora MELICHAR Systematics of Tacorø MELICHAR la Pronotum with posterior submarginal transverse stripe (YOUNG 1977: Fig.258a); subgenital plates MELICHAR (¡926) in the original description of Tacora included only two species in this genus. extended posteriorly beyond pygofer apex in lateral view (YOUNG 1977: Fig.258c). . Tettigonia dilecta (type-species) and Kogigonalia rcsoluta (MELICHAR, 1926). He noted the sirnilarity . . T. sdtut.ûte yOUNG. 1977 those species with species of Ceratogonia MELICHAR, 1926, a junior synonym of Sibovia CHINA. of lb Ptonotumwithtransversestripeonpostcriormargin(Fig.4);subgenital platesnotextendedposteriorly I 927. His comment was based on the long antenóae. a character lound in all Tacora species studied herein. beyondpygoferapex in lateral view(Figs.5.16,28). . -,...... 2 although it was not cited or discussed by subsequent authors. In YOUNG's (1917) key to the New World 2a(lb) Forewing corium with lilac band along claval sulcus basad oftr¿ìnsverse maroon bancl (Fig. 3)¡ Cicadellini genera, Tac'ora is separated from Paromenia MELICHAR, 1926 (couplet 54; and also frorn pygofer about fìve ti¡nes longer than width on rnedian portion in tateral view (Fig. 5), dorsal preapical Aloche MELICHAR, 1926 and Alliiniana CAVICHIOLI, 1996, see CAVICHIOLI 1996) by the presence processes with short dentiform projection on inner margin in dorsal view (Fig. 6). in its males of a "pygofer strongly produced, attenuate and with pegs on dorsal rnargin of narrowed . T. henriquesi sp.r.t. portion". besides the distinctive color pattern. YOUNG (1977) considered the pygofer processes as a 2b Forewing with corium region along claval sulcus concolorous yellow or orange basad of transverse narrowing ofthe dorsoapical margin ofpygofer. However, although we did not study the type-species. all maroonband(Figs. 1,2,4);pygoîer notmorethanthreetimeslongerthanwidthonrnedianportion other Tacora species have preapical pygofer processes. As the male genitalia of Tacora specimens are very in lateral view (Figs. 16,28), dorsal preapical processes without conspicuous projection (Figs. 17. lightly sclerotized, it can be easily overclarified making the observation of the pygofer apex difficult, 29)...... 3 which probably resulted in an erroneous interpretation ofthe position ofthe processes by YOUNG ( 1977). 3a(2b) Pygofer preapical dorsal processes bearing pegs on apical portion (YOUNG 1977: Fig. 257p'¡; Another mistake in the key of YOUNG (1977) was to consider the pegs on the pygofer processes as a aedeagus without flanges or processes (YOUNG 1977: Fig. 257Ð. . . . T. dilecta (WALKER, l85l) generic attribute. These pegs are not present in the species studied herein. being a unique characteristic of 3b Pygofer preapical dorsal processes lacking sculpturing (Figs. I 7, 29); aedeagus with dorsal and lateral the type-species. irregularlyemarginatecarinateflanges(Figs.20.32)...... 4 In a subjective atternpt ofphylogenetic grouping, Tacoro was placed in the Pø"omenia generic group 4a(3b) Aedeagus with two pairs oflateral flanges, dorsal one extending from middle ofshaft and tapering (YOUNG 1977:265), presently composed of l3 genera (CAVICHIOLI I996). CAVICHIOLI (1992) to an acute process over apex (Figs. 20,21). . . . . T. t¿tt,ithiolii sp.n. the relationships among these genera using the cladistic approach and found that the generic group studied 4b Aedeagus with four pairs of dorsolateral flanges, apical flanges very short and triangular in vcntral is apparently monophyletic. Although he included only one species of Tacora in his analysis (T. solurtttu). view (Figs. 32, 33). . . T. koripurtu sp.n. the apomorphic states of the characters that defìne this species are also found in T. dilecta (as described by YOUNG 1977) and in the three new species. These putative synapomorphies for the species of the Descriptions of new species genus Tacoru (in CAVICHIOLI 1992), which were already described by YOUNG (1977), are as follows: Tucoru henriquesÍ sp. n. (Figs. 3, 5-15) (l) ocelli located behind the imaginary line between the anterior eye angles, (2) pronotum as wide as (or Length of male 14.0-14.8 mm; female 13.6-14.0 mm. slightly wider than) transocular width ofhead, (3) forewing venation indistinct (except on apical portion), Crown with median length 9/10 interocular width and 5/10 transocular width. Frons with disc very and (4) forewings with base of outer anteapical cell as proximal as claval apex. None of the above-cited finely granular. Epistornal suture incomplete on median portion. Antennae very long, more than three times characters were given in the original description of the genus by MELICHAR (192ó). median length of crown. Pronotum with posterior margin very slightly concave or almost straight. YOUNG (1977) believed that Tacora was closely related to Sailerana YOUNG, 1977 and Baleia Hindwings short, almost attaining base of membranes of forewings in resting position. Hindlegs with 228 229 piantar surfàce of first tarsomere with two parallel rows of small sctae. the extcrnal one bearing rnuch Tøcora cøvichiolìi sp.n. (Figs. 4, 16-27\ shorter setae than internal one. Other rnorphological characters of head and thorax as in the generic Length of male 14.2 mml female 13.6-14.3 nm" description (see YOUNG 1977 313). Structural features of head and thorax as described above for T. henriquesi sp.n. Male genitalia. Pygof'er (Fig. 5) strongly produced posteriorly. median length about five tirncs nlcdian Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. I 6) strongly produced posteriorly: few macrosetae clispersed on posterior width; few macrosetâe dispersed along posterior half of dorsal and ventral nrargins: dorsal prcapicaJ fourth;dorsalpreapicalportionwithacuteprocess(Fig. l7)withoutsculpturing:apexbroadlyround.Valve poltion witlr slender acute process (Fig" 6) bearing short, dentifbrm. irregularly ernalginated projcction on (Fig. l9) linear, transverse, with anterior margin slightly concave. Subgenital plarcs (Fig. l9) elo¡gate: inner rnargin; apex broadly rot¡nd. Valve linear, transverse. with anterior margin slightly concave (Fig. 8). abruptly narrowed on apical half; not extended posteriorly as far as pygofer apex; with few uniseriate Subgenital plates (Fig. 8) elongate; abruptly narrorved on apical half; not extended posteriorly as f'¿rr as macrosetac on basal halfand nrinttte uniseriatc ones on apical half; microsetae present. Styles (Fig. lg) pygofer apex; with few uniseriate nracrosetae on basal haifand some minute uniseriate ones on apical half': extended posteriorly slightly beyond apex ofconnective; without distinct preapical lobe; apex obliquely nricrosetae present. Styles (Fig.7) extended posteriorly wcll beyond apex ofconnectivei without distinct truncate. Connective (Fig. l8) broadly Y-shaped. Acdeagus (Figs.20,2l) syrnmerricall rvith two pairs of lateral. irregularly preapical lobe; apex truncate. Connective (Fig.7) slender; somewhat broadly V-shapecl. Aedeagus 1F-igs. ernarginate, carinate flanges, the dorsal one longer, extendetl posteriorly and tapcred into 9, l0) symmetrical; with pair of irregularly emarginate, ventrolateral. carinate flanges. extendcd fionr acute process over apexl dorsal apodemes sclerotized and btoad, with posterior dorsal pr.ojection. nriddle ofshaft to apext dorsal apodemes sclerotized and vely slencler, superior portion directed antcriorly: Female genitalia. Abdominal sternite VII (Fig.24) in ventral view with posterior nrargin with nredian apical portion ofaedeagus wrth gonopore membrane broadly expanded. round projection. First valvulae of ovipositor (Fig. 24) in ventral view with bases with anterior nrargin Fernale genitalia. Abdominal sternite VII (Fig. l2) in ventral vierv with median round projection on obliquely straight; external lateral nrargin with distinct concavity. lnternal abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 23) posterior margin, slightly trilobate. First valvulae ofovipositor (Fig. l2) in ventral vierv with anterior slightly sclerotized. in dorsal view forming single broad transverse plate. Pygofer (Fig. 22\ in lareral vierv margin of bases obliquely straìght and without distinct concavity on lateral external rnargin. Internal acutely produced posterodorsally: macrosetae distributed nrostly on apical portion. Gonoplacs (Fìg. 221 abdontinal sternite VIII (as in L <'avichiolii sp.n., Fig. 23) slightly sclerotized. in dorsal view folrning with ventral ntargin broadly concave; apex broadly rounded. Second valvulae ofovipositor(Fig.27) in singie broad transverse plate. Pygofer (Fig. I l) in lateral view acutely produced posterodorsally; nraclo- lateral view regularly broadened beyond about li5 oftotal length ofshaft beyond basal curvaturel ventral posterior setae distributed only on apical portion. Gonoplacs (Fig. I I ) wilh ventral margin broadly concavel apex margin broadly concave on half; shaf't bearing approxirnately 55 non-contiguous teeth throughout broadly rouniled. Second valvulae ofovipositor (Fig. l4) in latelal vìew parallel-sided beyond about a ftlìh broadened portion; teeth (Fig.26) irregularly emarginated, anterior rnargin generally higher. grailually ol total length of shafi beyond basal curvature. ventral margin broadly concave on poster¡or hall shafì lowering to posterior margin; preapical area olshaft (Fig.25) with dorsal and venrral tnargins ir.regularly bearing approxirnately 50 non-contiguous teeth throughout broadened portion; teeth (Fig. l3) irregularly ernarginated, wìtlr ventral prominence slightly distinct; apex (Fig.25) broadly roundecl. enrarginate, anterior margin generally higher, gradually lowering to posterior margin; preapical area of Color pattern. General coloration with the exception of'forewings as in the other specics described shaft (Fig. l5) with dorsal and ventral margins irregularly ernarginate, with ventral prorninence slightly herein. fìorewings (Fig. 4) with clavus bright yellow or orange (holotype); longitudinal stripe adjacent to distinct: apex (Fig. l5) slightly angular. claval sulcus, along basal 3/4 ofsulcus length, and shorter longitudinal transcommissural stripe along inner Color pattern. Head, pronotum and mesonotum orange. Pronotum with transverse maroon band claval tnargin, maroon. Clavus with transverse transcommissural maroon band over preaprcal portìon. bordering posterior margin. Scutellurn with faint green pair ofmaculae on anterior portion. Forewings (Fig. extended into corium. with apex tapered. not attaining costal margin (holotype with portron olthis band 3) with clavus bright yellow; rtaroon longitudinal stripe adjacent to claval sulcus. along basal 3/4 ofclaval on left corium missing). Corium translucent ycllow or orange (holotype): costal rnargin narrowly black: sulcus length; slrort nraroon oblique stripe originating on innet margin of clavus right after mesonotu¡l broad red band extending fi'om behind transverse maroon band, including apex ofclavus. brachial cell. ancl apex, posteriorly attaining rnaroon longitudinal stripe (holotype with this band incomplete on left wing). inner discal one, tapering posteriorly, including inner anteapical cell along outer margin of inner apical Transverse transcommissural maroon band over preapicaÌ portion ofolavus, extended into corium. alnrost cell, then lateraily crossing bases of 2"'r, 3"r, and 4'h apical cells, 230 231 absence ofsculpturing on the pygofer process (Fig. I 7), dorsal basal apodenres ofaedeagus broad and rvith exanlined by YotJNG (197'1) frorn Turnupasa lapprox. l4'9's 67"55'w]. La paz posteriordo|sal projection (Fig.20), and two lateral carinate fìanges on the aedeagus shaft (Figs.20.2l). Departrnent, Bolivia. Tacora species are distributed in areas dominated by the Amazonas and Ori¡oco (Figs. Tacorq kørípuna sp.n. 28-33) evergreen pluvial tropical fbrest (HUECK 1972). Based on the collecti¡g localities (due Length of rrale 14.8 nrm. to insufficient habitat data ou specimen labels), we can infer that the genus Tacorq is Structural features of head and thorax as described above for T. henriquesi sp.n. found both in unflooded (terra .firme'. recorded for the holotype of T. henriqyesi) a¡d Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 28) ¡rroduced posteriorly; few macrosetae dispersed on apical thirdr floodplain (värzea and igapó) forests. The only exceptions to the f'orest dorsal preapical portion with slender acute process (Fig. 29) without sculpturing: apex narrowly round. distribution pattern are sortìe T. saturatq specitnens, which were Valve (Fig.3l) linear. transvcrsc. with anterior margin slightly concave. Subgcnital plates (Fig.31) collected in areas covered by eastern Colombian Llanos prairies. elongate; abruptly narrowed on apical half; not extencled posteriorly as far as pygofer apex; with iew As all other Tac'r¡ra specimens were collected in uniseriate mâcrosetae on basal half,and some minute uniseriate ones on apical halfÌ nricrosetae present. forested areas, it is possible that these above-cited T. saturata specimens were found in Styles (Fig. 30) extende 232 233 Ro\Brasil l9lix/1984\Mielke leg." IDZUPI: 2 99, "Amazonas, Brasil\R[iver], Itacoai CEOTTO. PC., MEJDALANI, G. & M. FELfX (2000): Notes on Neotropical Proconiini (Llerni¡rtera. Cìcadeìljdae. Cicadellinae), I[: yOUNCì. [approx. 4"20'510" l2'W] V.5O\JCM Carvalho col" [MNRJ]; I 9, same data as prececl- description of thc lènrale of Ånar¡ro¿arn¡t5u tt'ueneri l9(rF. - Bol. Mus. Nac." N. S., Zool. 435: l-8" ing, except "VI-50" (although collected along the same river, but certainly on a different CRACRAFT. J. & R.O PRUM (1988): Patterns and processes area (see CARVALHO 1955), and presenting the forewing color pattern sirnilar to thât of diversifìcation: speciation and hrstorical congruence in sonte Neorropical birds. - Evolutlott 42: 603-(t20. of the preceding females, this specimen (Fig. 2) probably belongs to a different species; GRIMES, B.F. cd. (1996): Ethnologue, languages of the World. - Sunrmer lnstirure of [-inguistics. Dallas. its pronotal band is as in L saturata and the median notch on posterior rnargin of the HAFFER. J. (1969): Speciarron in Amazonian forest bir.ds. - Science 165: l3l_137. female stemite VII is not present in any female specimen studied) I g, "Brasil IMNRJ]; HAFFER. J. (1974): Avian speciation in tlopical South America. with a systematic survey of rhe roucans "Brasil AM\Maraã - R[io]. Japurá\llha Jaraqui fapprox. l'55'S 65'28'W]\26-X-1988", (Ramphastidae) and jacarnars (Galbulidae¡. - Nutrall ornirhological club" ca'bridge. AM\J. Dias" (colorpattern distinct from all described Tacora) I 9, "Pirnenta ( I IMPEG]; HAFFER. J. 985): Avian zoogeography of the Neotropical lowlands. - Ornithol. Monogr. 36: I I j- | 46. Bueno fapprox. l1'39'S 61'12'W]\RO\23IX/1986\.f. Becker col." (color pattern as in L HAMILTON. K.G.A. (198 l): Morphology ancl evolution ol the rhynchotan heacl (lnscca: llcnriprera. karipuna, although smaller than the male holotype) [MNRJ]; I specirnen without I-lonroptera). - Can. Ent. l13:953-974. abdornen, "Barco Marupiara L.\Tefe [AM State] Rio Solimões\Ern l9l10/75\Col E. llEYER. w.R.. CODDINGTON. J., KRESS. w.J.. ACEVEDO. P.. coLE, D.. ERwtN. T.L.. Mlrc(ìERS. Vieira" (color pattern as in L karipuna, although smaller than the male holotype) r].J,, POGUE, M.G., THORINGTON. R.W., VARI, t{.P.. WEITZMAN, M.J. & S.H. WEITZMAN (1999): IrNPA]. Arnazonian biotic data ancl conservation decisions. - Cicnc. Cult.5l:372-j85. HUECK, K. (1972): As florestas da América ilo Sul: ecologia, composição e inrportância ecor¡ônrjca. - Acknowledgments Polígono/Eclusp, Sào Paulo. MARROIG, G. & R. CERQUEIIìA (1997): Plio-Pleislocene We are grateful to Ana Y. Harada (MPEG), Augusto L. Henriques (INPA), and Rodney R. Cavichioli South American histoly and the Anrazon lagoonhypothesis:apieceìnthcpuzzleofAnrazouiandiversifìcation.-.l.cornp.Biol.2: (DZUP) for arranging such pleasant visits for DMT to their leafìopper collections, and fbl the loan of I03-119. MEJDALANI, G. (1995): Scopogonaliu parla YOUNG, 1977: slrecinrerrs oî Tatora. These visits and prelinrinary stuclies would not be possible without the laboratoly morphology of the fèrnale genitalia ancl cotnparafive notcs on the,Juliocct generic group (Homoptera, cquiprnent and housing of Alcxandre Bonaldo (MPEG). Edtrardo M. Venticinque (PDBFF/INPA). .losé A. Cicadellidae). - Revta bras. Ent. 39; I 93.- 202. Rafacl (INPA), Luciano Montag (MPEG), Marivana Borges (Universidade Federal do Pará), Marlucia B. MEJDALANI, G. (1998): Morfologia externa dos Cicadeìiinae (Hornoptera" Cicadelliclae): Martins (MPEG), and Ricardo Santos (MPEG). Augusto L. Henriques. GabrieJ Marroig (Departanrcnto de comparação entre Versigonalia (W (Cicad Ecologia, UFRJ), Luiz P. Gonzaga (Departamento de Zoologia. UI:RJ), María T. Becerra (lnstituto n(ìcuuda ALKER) ellini) e Trelogottiu t'ribruta MELICH A R (Procon rini). com notas sobre outras espécies análise terminologia. Alexandcr von Humboldt). Miguel Monné (MNRJ), and Sergio Fl. lìorges (Fundação Vitória Anrazônica) e da - Revta bras. Zool. l5: 451-544. MEJDALANI, G. R. EMMRICH (199tì): Notes on Neotroprcal aided with collecting localities, useful literature. and discussion on distributional patterns in Amazonia. The & Proconiini: new species ç:f Acn¡ltt'lu.s STÅL and Dit'hrophlep,s STÁL and rnalc Prort¡nosunla (MELICHAR) (lnsecra: manuscript also benefited ftom the usefui cornments of Adalberto Santos (Univcrsidade de São Paulo). the ol huen,sthi Auclrenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Cicadellrnae). Ent. Abh. Mus. Dresden Alcnrar L. Carvalho (MNRJ), Christopher H. Dietrich (lllinois Natural History Sr.rrvey). Márcro Felix - Ticrkd. 58: l3l-140. MELICHAR, L. (1926): Monographie (MNRJ), Martin H. Villet (Rhodes University), Mervin W. Nielson (Brigharn Young Univcrsity). Nelson der Cicaclellinen. - Annls hist.-nat. Mus. n¿ìtn. hung. 23r 273-394. NELSON,8.W., FERRtslRA,4.C., (1990): Ferreira-Jr. (Deparlamento de Zoologia, UFRJ). Paula Ceotto (MNRJ). and Rodney R. Cavichioli. A DE SILVA, M"F.. & M.L. KAWASAKI Endenrisr¡ centres. refugia and botanical collection densìty in Brazilian Amazonia. fellowship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES. Brazil) to DMT - Nature 345:1lr4-716. NIELSON, M.W. (1965): A revision the genus (Horloptera, during her M.Sc. studies is greatly acknowledged. This study was supported in part by Universicladc of Crerra Cicadellidae). - Tech. Uull. U. S. Dep. Agric. l-48. Federal do Rio de Janeiro and Fundação Universìtária Jose Bonifácio (FUJB. tlrazil). l3l8: OMAN, P.W. (1949): The Nearctic leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). A gencric classificatron and check list. - Menl. ent. Soc. Wash. 3: l-253. References OREN" D.C. & H.G. DE ALBUQUERQUE (199i): Priority aleas lor ncw avian collectjons in Brazilian BASSET, Y. & E. CHARLES (2000): An annotated list of insect herbivores foraging on the seeclìings of Amazonia. - Goeldiana. Zool. 6: l-1 l. five forest lrees in Guyana. - An. Soc. ent. flrasii 29: 433-452. PAPAVERO, N. (1973): Essays on the history of Neotropical Dipterology. wrth special reference to tlUSH, M.B. (1994): Amazonian speciation: a necessarily cornplex model. - J. Biogcogr. 21:5-l'7. collectors (1750-1905). Vol. II. - Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sào Paulo. CARVALHO, J.C.M. (1955): Notas de viagem ao Javari-ltacoaí-Juruá. - Publ. avul. Mus. Nac. l3: l-3L TAKIYA, D.M., MEJDALANI, C. & M. FELIX (1999): Dual-rnimicry of wasps by the Neotropical CAVICHIOLI, R.R. (1992): Análise cladistica do grupo "Pctromenia" YOUNG, 1977. revisão e análise leafhopper Propetes st'hmidti MELICHAR with a description of its female (llcrniptera: Cicadellidac: cladística do gênero Parathona MELICHAR, 1926 (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae). - D.Sc.- Cicadellinae). - Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. l0l:722-728. thesis, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Curitiba: 149 pp. TAKIYA, D.M.. MEJDALANI, G. & M. FELIX (2001): A new genus and species olCicadellini (l'lernip- CAVICHIOLI,R.R.(1996): Alhiniuna gen.n.erevalidaçãodeAlocha MELICHAR(Homoptera,Cjcadel- tera Cicadellidae Cicadellinae) from Southeastern Brazil. - Trop. Zool. l4: 175-183. lidae, Cicadellinae). - Revta bras. Zool. 13:677-683. YOUNG, D.A. (1965): Cicadelline types in the British Museur¡ (Natural History) (Llornoptera: Cicadclli- CAVICHIOLI, R.R. & K.M.R. ZANOL (1991): Espécies de Cicadellinae, Deltocephalinae (Homoptera. dae). - Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 7: l6l-199. Cicadellidae) da Ilha de Maracá, Roraima. - Acta amazon.2l: 55-61. YOUNG, D.A. (1968): Taxonomic study of the Cicadellinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Part l. Proco- CAVICHIOLI, R.R. & L.B. CHIAMOLERA (1999): Duas novas espécies tle Dctsmeusq MELICHAR niini. - Bull. U. S. natn. Mus. 261; l-287. (Herniptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). - Revta bras. Zool. ló: 951-955. YOUNG, D.A. (1977): Taxonomic study of the Cicadellinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Part 2, Ncw Worlcl Cicadellini and the genus Cit'udella. - Bull. N. Carol. agric. Exp. Stn 239: l-l 135. 234 235 5 6 2.0 q o lr) |f) r() ro o o o o cr 'I 7 8 q I 2 3 4 10 1.0 9 Figs. I -4: l--igs. 5- l0: Forewing. Tacoro henriqu¿r1 sp. n., rnale genilalia. l'. Tacout suturutlo YOUNG. i977, nrale specimen lrorn near El Paujil. Colombia liDZUPI;2: Tucrtru sp. 5: pygofer, valve, subgcnital plate, style, aedeagus. and anal tube, lateral view;6: preapical proccss of ferrrale specimen from ltacoaí river, Brazil IMNRJ]; 3'. Tctcoro henriquesi sp. n.. rlale holotype [MPEGI pygofer, dorsal view; 7: connective and style, dorsal vjcw: 8: valve and subgenital plate. vcntral viervl 9: Scales in cm. aedeagus. lateral view; l0: aedeagus, vcntral view, apical portion pointing upwanls. Scales in nrm. Dorsal habitus. 4'. Tutoru cavitltiolii sp. n., fenrale paratype INPA]. Scale in cnr. 236 237 rr) ci q ô¡ 1I 16 T7 2.0 2.0 T2 q 73 O 0.05 q 18 -l ^l r- -ll 15 19 1.0 14 0.2 q r Figs. I l-15: Tacot'u hettriquasr sp. n., fernale genitalia. ll: sternite VII, tergite Vlll, pygofer, gonoplac. and anal tube, lateral view: l2: laterotergites Vll and VIII, 21 pygofèr, gonoplacs, first and second valvulae of ovipositor (base of fìrst depicted on the right ancl ol 20 second on thc left). vcntral view; l3: teeth on nredian area ofshaft ofsecond valvula ofovipositor. latcral 1.0 vicw; l4: general aspect ofsecond valvula ofovipositor. latt:ral view; l5: detaìl ofapical portion oisecond valvula of ovipositor, iateral view. Scales in mrn. Figs. I6-21: Tacr¡ra cat,ichiolil sp. n., rnale genitalia. ló: pygofer, valve, subgenital plate, style, aedeagus, and anal tube, lateral view; l7: preapical process of pygofer, dorsal viewl l8: connective and stylc, dorsal view; l9: valve and subgenital plate. ventral vieu': 20: aedeagus, lateral view:21: aedeagus, ventrâl view, apical portion pointing upwards. Scales in nll¡. 238 239 q c\¡ r-.F ro o 22 23 2.0 29 28 2.0 0.2 q (\¡ to o q 0.05 26 30 3T rc 1.0 27 - 33 32 l0 Figs.22-27'. Tacora cavichiolii sp. n., lemale genitalia. 22: sternite Vll, tergite VIII. pygofer, gonoplac. and anal tube, lateral view;23: sternite VII, tergite VIll, Figs.28-33: and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view;24: laterotergites VII and VIII, pygofer, gonoplacs, first and second Tacora karipun¿¡ sp. n., male genitalia. (base vielv; 25: valvulae of ovipositor of first depicted on the right and of second on the left), ventral 28: pygofer, valve, subgenital plate, style, aedeagus, and anal tube, lateral view; 29: preapical process of portion valvula lateral teeth on median area detail ofapical ofsecond ofovipositor, view;26: ofslraft of pygofer, dorsal view;30: connective and style, dorsal view;31: valve and subgenital plate, ventral view; lateral viewl general aspect valvula lateral view. second valvula olovipositor, 27: ofsecond ofovipositor, 32: aedeagus, lateral view;33: aedeagus, ventral view, apical portion pointing upwards. Scales in mm. Scales in mm. 240 241 I T. cavichiolii n. sp. 10 O T. d¡lecta (Walker) I L åennQresi n. sp. Guiana A L safurata Young lmerí * racora spp. 0 10 * lnambari J q 34 80 70 60 40 Fig. 34: Distributional map of collecting localities ol Tacoru species. Tocot a spp.: unidentified females. Ronclônia state appears hatched due to the unprecise type-locality of T. karipuna sp" n. Grey areas corresponcl to central portions ofsix areas ofendemism (nrodified fronl HAFFER 1985). Historical relationships between areas ofendemism according ro gsneral hypothesis postulated by GRACRAFT &. PRUM (1988). 242