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The Nobel Prize Sweden.Se
Facts about Sweden: The Nobel Prize sweden.se The Nobel Prize – the award that captures the world’s attention The Nobel Prize is considered the most prestigious award in the world. Prize- winning discoveries include X-rays, radioactivity and penicillin. Peace Laureates include Nelson Mandela and the 14th Dalai Lama. Nobel Laureates in Literature, including Gabriel García Márquez and Doris Lessing, have thrilled readers with works such as 'One Hundred Years of Solitude' and 'The Grass is Singing'. Every year in early October, the world turns Nobel Day is 10 December. For the prize its gaze towards Sweden and Norway as the winners, it is the crowning point of a week Nobel Laureates are announced in Stockholm of speeches, conferences and receptions. and Oslo. Millions of people visit the website At the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony in of the Nobel Foundation during this time. Stockholm on that day, the Laureates in The Nobel Prize has been awarded to Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, people and organisations every year since and Literature receive a medal from the 1901 (with a few exceptions such as during King of Sweden, as well as a diploma and The Nobel Banquet is World War II) for achievements in physics, a cash award. The ceremony is followed a magnificent party held chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature by a gala banquet. The Nobel Peace Prize at Stockholm City Hall. and peace. is awarded in Oslo the same day. Photo: Henrik Montgomery/TT Henrik Photo: Facts about Sweden: The Nobel Prize sweden.se Prize in Economic Sciences prize ceremonies. -
Curriculum Vitae Professor Dr. Martin Jansen
Curriculum Vitae Professor Dr. Martin Jansen Name: Martin Jansen Born: 5 November 1944 Main areas of research: preparative solid-state chemistry, crystal chemistry, materials research, structure-property relationship of solids Since 1998, he has been a member of the scientific council of the Max Planck Society and a director at the Max Planck Institute for solid-state research in StuttgartHe has developed a concept for plan- ning solid state syntheses, combining computational and experimental tools, that is pointing the way to rational and efficient discovery of new materials. Academic and Professional Career since 1998 Director at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart and Honorary Professor at the University of Stuttgart, Germany 1987 - 1998 Professor (C4) and Director of the Institute at the University of Bonn, Germany 1981 - 1987 Professor (C4), Chair B for Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Hannover, Germany 1978 Habilitation at the University of Gießen, Germany 1973 Promotion (Ph.D.) at the University of Gießen, Germany 1966 - 1970 Study of Chemistry at the University of Gießen, Germany Honours and Awarded Memberships (Selection) 2019 Otto-Hahn-Prize 2009 Centenary Prize, Royal Society of Chemistry, UK 2009 Georg Wittig - Victor Grignard Prize, Société Chimique de France 2008 Member of acatech (National Academy of Science and Engineering) Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften Leopoldina www.leopoldina.org 1 2007 Karl Ziegler Award, Germany 2004 Honorary Doctorate of the Ludwig Maximilians-University of -
Studies of a Dirhodium Tetraphosphine Catalyst for Hydroformylation And
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2012 Studies of a dirhodium tetraphosphine catalyst for hydroformylation and aldehyde-water shift ac talysis Aaron Rider Barnum Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Barnum, Aaron Rider, "Studies of a dirhodium tetraphosphine catalyst for hydroformylation and aldehyde-water shift catalysis" (2012). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3998. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3998 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. STUDIES OF A DIRHODIUM TETRAPHOSPHINE CATALYST FOR HYDROFORMYLATION AND ALDEHYDE-WATER SHIFT CATALYSIS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In The Department of Chemistry by Aaron Rider Barnum B.S. Loyola University New Orleans, 2007 December 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my family, for without their encouragements and support I would not be where I am today. To my parents, Otis and Cindy Barnum, thank you for everything throughout the years. To my grandmother Teruko, you are responsible for two things I hold very dear to my heart: inspiring me to become the scientist and chemist I am today and also for keeping me in touch with my Japanese heritage. -
EMBO Facts & Figures
excellence in life sciences Reykjavik Helsinki Oslo Stockholm Tallinn EMBO facts & figures & EMBO facts Copenhagen Dublin Amsterdam Berlin Warsaw London Brussels Prague Luxembourg Paris Vienna Bratislava Budapest Bern Ljubljana Zagreb Rome Madrid Ankara Lisbon Athens Jerusalem EMBO facts & figures HIGHLIGHTS CONTACT EMBO & EMBC EMBO Long-Term Fellowships Five Advanced Fellows are selected (page ). Long-Term and Short-Term Fellowships are awarded. The Fellows’ EMBO Young Investigators Meeting is held in Heidelberg in June . EMBO Installation Grants New EMBO Members & EMBO elects new members (page ), selects Young EMBO Women in Science Young Investigators Investigators (page ) and eight Installation Grantees Gerlind Wallon EMBO Scientific Publications (page ). Programme Manager Bernd Pulverer S Maria Leptin Deputy Director Head A EMBO Science Policy Issues report on quotas in academia to assure gender balance. R EMBO Director + + A Conducts workshops on emerging biotechnologies and on H T cognitive genomics. Gives invited talks at US National Academy E IC of Sciences, International Summit on Human Genome Editing, I H 5 D MAN 201 O N Washington, DC.; World Congress on Research Integrity, Rio de A M Janeiro; International Scienti c Advisory Board for the Centre for Eilish Craddock IT 2 015 Mammalian Synthetic Biology, Edinburgh. Personal Assistant to EMBO Fellowships EMBO Scientific Publications EMBO Gold Medal Sarah Teichmann and Ido Amit receive the EMBO Gold the EMBO Director David del Álamo Thomas Lemberger Medal (page ). + Programme Manager Deputy Head EMBO Global Activities India and Singapore sign agreements to become EMBC Associate + + Member States. EMBO Courses & Workshops More than , participants from countries attend 6th scienti c events (page ); participants attend EMBO Laboratory Management Courses (page ); rst online course EMBO Courses & Workshops recorded in collaboration with iBiology. -
Vinyl Ether Functional Polyurethanes As Novel Photopolymers
Vinyl Ether Functional Polyurethanes as Novel Photopolymers Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades „Doktor der Naturwissenschaften” im Promotionsfach Chemie am Fachbereich Chemie, Pharmazie und Geowissenschaften der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Stefan Kirschbaum geboren in Köln Mainz, 2015 Dekan: 1. Berichterstatter: 2. Berichterstatter: Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. Dezember 2015 Ich versichere, die als Dissertation vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig angefertigt zu haben und alle verwendeten Quellen und Hilfsmittel kenntlich gemacht zu haben. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde von Oktober 2012 bis November 2015 unter Betreuung von in Kooperation zwischen dem Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung in Mainz und der Henkel AG und Co. KGaA in Düsseldorf angefertigt. IV Introduction Table of Content 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 2 Theoretical Background ...................................................................................... 5 2.1 Basic Considerations of Photocuring ........................................................................ 5 2.1.1 Photoinitiation and Electronic States ............................................................................ 6 2.1.2 Cationic Photoinitiators .............................................................................................. 11 2.1.3 Photoinduced Cationic Polymerization ...................................................................... 14 2.1.4 Photoinduced Radical Polymerization -
Nobel Prize Physicists Meet at Lindau
From 28 June to 2 July 1971 the German island town of Lindau in Nobel Prize Physicists Lake Constance close to the Austrian and Swiss borders was host to a gathering of illustrious men of meet at Lindau science when, for the 21st time, Nobel Laureates held their reunion there. The success of the first Lindau reunion (1951) of Nobel Prize win ners in medicine had inspired the organizers to invite the chemists and W. S. Newman the physicists in turn in subsequent years. After the first three-year cycle the United Kingdom, and an audience the dates of historical events. These it was decided to let students and of more than 500 from 8 countries deviations in the radiocarbon time young scientists also attend the daily filled the elegant Stadttheater. scale are due to changes in incident meetings so they could encounter The programme consisted of a num cosmic radiation (producing the these eminent men on an informal ber of lectures in the mornings, two carbon isotopes) brought about by and personal level. For the Nobel social functions, a platform dis variations in the geomagnetic field. Laureates too the Lindau gatherings cussion, an informal reunion between Thus chemistry may reveal man soon became an agreeable occasion students and Nobel Laureates and, kind’s remote past whereas its long for making or renewing acquain on the last day, the traditional term future could well be shaped by tances with their contemporaries, un steamer excursion on Lake Cons the developments mentioned by trammelled by the formalities of the tance to the island of Mainau belong Mössbauer, viz. -
A Nobel Synthesis
MILESTONES IN CHEMISTRY Ian Grayson A nobel synthesis IAN GRAYSON Evonik Degussa GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany he first Nobel Prize for chemistry was because it is a scientific challenge, as he awarded in 1901 (to Jacobus van’t Hoff). described in his Nobel lecture: “The synthesis T Up to 2010, the chemistry prize has been of brazilin would have no industrial value; awarded 102 times, to 160 laureates, of whom its biological importance is problematical, only four have been women (1). The most but it is worth while to attempt it for the prominent area for awarding the Nobel Prize sufficient reason that we have no idea how for chemistry has been in organic chemistry, in to accomplish the task” (4). which the Nobel committee includes natural Continuing the list of Nobel Laureates in products, synthesis, catalysis, and polymers. organic synthesis we arrive next at R. B. This amounts to 24 of the prizes. Reading the Woodward. Considered by many the greatest achievements of the earlier organic chemists organic chemist of the 20th century, he who were recipients of the prize, we see that devised syntheses of numerous natural they were drawn to synthesis by the structural Alfred Nobel, 1833-1896 products, including lysergic acid, quinine, analysis and characterisation of natural cortisone and strychnine (Figure 1). 6 compounds. In order to prove the structure conclusively, some In collaboration with Albert Eschenmoser, he achieved the synthesis, even if only a partial synthesis, had to be attempted. It is synthesis of vitamin B12, a mammoth task involving nearly 100 impressive to read of some of the structures which were deduced students and post-docs over many years. -
Unwinding the Differences of the Mammalian PERIOD Clock Proteins from Crystal Structure to Cellular Function
Unwinding the differences of the mammalian PERIOD clock proteins from crystal structure to cellular function Nicole Kuceraa,1, Ira Schmalenb, Sven Henniga,1, Rupert Öllingerc, Holger M. Straussd,2, Astrid Grudzieckic, Caroline Wieczoreka,3, Achim Kramerc, and Eva Wolfb,4,5 aMax Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; bMax Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Structural Cell Biology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; dNanolytics, Gesellschaft für Kolloidanalytik mbH, Am Mühlenberg 11, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; and cLaboratory of Chronobiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10098 Berlin, Hessische Strasse 3-4, 10115 Berlin, Germany Edited by Gregory A. Petsko, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, and approved January 4, 2012 (received for review August 16, 2011) The three PERIOD homologues mPER1, mPER2, and mPER3 consti- the mBMAL1/mCLOCK transcription factor complex. Addition- tute central components of the mammalian circadian clock. They ally, the PAS domains of NPAS2, mCLOCK, and mPER2 have been contain two PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) domains (PAS-A and PAS-B), which reportedtobindheme(13–16).Inthecircadianclock,mPER1and mediate homo- and heterodimeric mPER-mPER interactions as well mPER2 proteins are found in large protein complexes, likely estab- as interactions with transcription factors and kinases. Here we pre- lishing multiple interactions via their PAS domains, the central sent crystal structures of PAS domain fragments of mPER1 and CKIε∕δ binding domain and the C-terminal mCRY binding region mPER3 and compare them with the previously reported mPER2 (17–19). structure. The structures reveal homodimers, which are mediated Studies with mPER knockout mice showed that mPER1 and by interactions of the PAS-B β-sheet surface including a highly con- mPER2 are more essential for circadian rhythmicity than mPER3 served tryptophan (Trp448mPER1, Trp419mPER2, Trp359mPER3). -
AWARDS, HONORS, DISTINGUISHED LECTURESHIPS Prof. Dr. Dieter Seebach
AWARDS, HONORS, DISTINGUISHED LECTURESHIPS Prof. Dr. Dieter Seebach 1964 <> Wolf-Preis for the Ph.D. thesis, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany 1969 <> Dozentenpreis Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, Germany 1969/1970 – Visiting Professorship, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA 1972 – "DuPont Travel Grantee", USA (lectures at 15 universities and companies) 1974 – Visiting Professorship, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA 1977 – Visiting Professorship, Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesburg, South Africa – "Pacific Coast Lectureship“, USA/Canada (9 lectures at universities and companies along theUSA west coast) 1978 – Visiting Professorship, Polish Academy of Sciences (lectures in Warsaw and Lodz) 1980 – Visiting Professorship, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia – Visiting Professorship, Imperial College, London, U.K. 1981 – Visiting Professorship at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel –"Kolthoff Lectureship", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA 1981 – „Carl Ziegler Visiting Professorship“, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim a.d.Ruhr, Germany 1982 – "Vorhees Memorial Lectureship", University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA – "First Atlantic Coast Lectureship", (6 lectures at universities of the South-East of USA) – "Organic Syntheses Lectureship", Princeton University, Princeton, USA 1984 <> FRSC (Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, U.K.) <> Elected member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina, D-Halle – "Greater Manchester Lectureship", University -
United States Patent Office Patented Mar
2,738,364 United States Patent Office Patented Mar. 13, 1956 2 examples of the type of catalyst, we refer to N-butyl - 2,738,364 pyridinium nickel bromide of the formula PRODUCTION OF ACRYLIC ACID ESTERs IC5H5N.C4H9)2(NiBral Walter Reppe and Walter Schweckendiek, Ludwigshafen (Rhine), and Herbert Friederich, Worms, Germany, as 5 or dimethyl phenyl ethyl ammonium nickel chloride of signors to Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik Aktiengesel the formula (CH3)2. (CoHs). (C2H5)Ni2. (NiCl4). We schaft, Ludwigshafen am Rhine, Germany may also use salts containing in the molecule a tertiary amine in addition to an ammonium radical, e. g. a com No Drawing. Application May 17, 1952, pound of the composition Serial No. 288,534 O Claims priority, application Germany June 5, 1951 (C5H5N.C4H9). (C5H5N1.INiBral In the compounds listed above the pyridine radical 16 Claims. (Cl. 260-486) may be replaced by other heterocyclic nitrogen compounds or by other tertiary amines of the types referred to The present invention relates to the production of 5 above. The chlorine and bromine radicals may be re acrylic acid esters and, more particularly, to the synthesis placed by iodine or cyanide or rhodanide. of acrylic esters by the interaction of acetylene, carbon The novel catalysts may be used in combination with ofmonoxide carbonylation and alcohols catalysts. in the presence of a novel type complex tertiary phosphine nickel salts, e.g. with triphenyl It is known that acrylic acid and its functional deriva 20 phosphine nickel bromide (C6H5)3P)2.NiBr2 or with tives may be prepared by the interaction of acetylen and quaternary phosphonium compounds derived therefrom, carbon monoxide with compounds having a replaceable e.g. -
Philip D. Lane Ziegler-Natta Catalysis: the Nature of the Active Site Literature Seminar April 3, 1992 Karl Ziegler, While Study
47 Ziegler-Natta Catalysis: The Nature of the Active Site Philip D. Lane Literature Seminar April 3, 1992 Karl Ziegler, while studying ethylene insertion into aluminum-alkyl bonds, serendipi tously discovered the effect transition metals had on ethylene polymerization. He and Guilio Natta made significant contributions to the catalytic polymerization of olefins using a transition metal from groups 4-8 and an organometallic from groups 1, 2, or 13, the most famous com bination being TiC4 + Al(C2H5)3 for the polymerization of polyethylene. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to them in 1963 for their contributions in this area [l,2]. The impor tance of this catalytic process can be seen by the amount of polyethylene produced in the U.S. In 1990, 8.3 billion lbs. of high-density polyethylene were produced [3]. The heterogeneous nature of Ziegler-Natta catalysts make them difficult to study [l,4,5]. Despite improved techniques for studying surfaces, information on an atomic level about the active sites remains elusive. For example, the surface reaction of [Zr(allyl)4] with SiQi leads to different surface species [5]. It is not clear which of the resulting surface species is responsible for the polymerization process. Various mechanisms [6,7] have been proposed for Ziegler-Natta catalysis, with the most widely accepted proposal from Cossee and Adman (Figure 1). The aluminum-alkyl is suggested to be responsible for alkylating the transition metal which is in an octahedral environment with one site vacant. Ethylene is thought to coordinate, followed by direct insertion into the metal-alkyl bond of the transition metal. -
Book Reviews
86 Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 31, Number 2 (2006) BOOK REVIEWS Drug Discovery—A History. Walter Sneader, John Wiley, mercury is particularly interesting. Study of this sub- New York, 2005, Cloth, 468 pp, $65. stance eventually led to the discovery of arsphenamine, an organomercurial used to treat syphilis and much later stimulated the discovery of the potent diuretic ethacrynic I count myself fortunate to own copies of Walter acid. This and other interesting stories set forth in this Sneader’s books on drug discovery: The Evolution of section help us to understand the evolutionary nature of Modern Medicines (1985), Drug Prototypes and Their drug discovery from a historical perspective. Exploitation (1996) and Drug Discovery – A History Part 2 – Drugs from Naturally Occurring Proto- (2005). While it is true that each book generally ad- types. In this section of the book Sneader covers three dresses the topic of drug discovery with significant important topics in the history of drug discovery. Plants, overlap in the material covered, it also is true that the hormones, and microorganisms proved to be rich sources most recent work is much more than a third edition of of new medicines after advances in science permitted an existing book. As the title promises, the focus is on isolation and purification of active components. Here history. Because chemical structures are included with we are provided with the historical background that the text, I found the content of this book to be uniquely led to initial discovery of useful activity, followed by satisfying to a chemist interested in history. The material isolation and purification of the active substance, struc- in this book is organized by the source of drug prototypes ture determination, total synthesis, and in some cases rather then chronological order of discovery or thera- manufacture of the drug.