S-China Port Development Promising Sector Report

Title: South China Port Development Industry

Market Size South China, with its long coastline, has many sea ports. The ports of Guangzhou and Shenzhen in Guangdong province rank among the top ten sea ports of mainland China in regard to volume of freight handled annually. The port of Guangzhou is the largest comprehensive hub port in South China. In 2008 the port handled 347 million tons of cargo (ranking the 4th in mainland China) and 11 million TEUs. The port of Shenzhen had a cargo flow of 211.15 million tons and handled 21.42 million TEUs in the same year. Its container business features the highest growth rate in China. Another relatively important port is Xiamen (Fujian province), which handled 97.02 million tons of cargo and 5.03 million TEUs (ranking 7th in mainland China) in last year. There are also many middle- / small-scaled sea ports of regional importance in the area.

Market Development With the economic soaring of the hinterlands in the past two decades, major sea ports in South China have been developing rapidly. For instance in Guangdong during the period of the “10th Five-Year Plan” (2001 – 2005), the construction of major port development projects such as the 1st phase of the Nansha port area of Guangzhou Port, the 2nd phase of Shekou container terminal (Shenzhen) and the 3rd phase of Yantian port area (Shenzhen) etc., generated an additional handling capacity of around 200 million tons and the amount of berths of over 10,000 tons reached 159, 26.2% more than that of 2000.

In the period of the “11th Five-Year Plan” (2006-2010) Guangdong has the plan to invest RMB 48.6 billion in 32 projects in the field of port development. By 2010 the lack of capacity of the ports and the shortage of big-scaled specialized berths should be obviously eased. Focuses are the development of trunk container sea ports (Shenzhen and Guangzhou), transshipment ports for coal and big-scaled oil and iron ore terminals. It is estimated that by 2015 the cargo handling volume of Guangzhou port will exceed 500 million tons, and it will handle more than 20 million TEUs each year. By 2030 Shenzhen port hopes to have about 378 berths of all kinds (162 of over 10,000 tons), a capacity of 500 million tons (including 50 million TEUs), says the latest overall plan.

Also Fujian wishes to have two ports of over 100 million tons (Xiamen and Fuzhou) by 2010, and the designed capacity of all its sea ports should respectively reach 310 million tons (including containers of 13 million TEUs) and 710 million tons by 2010 and 2020.

Imports In the past decades China has formed comparatively strong capacity in port-related sectors such as the manufacture of port machinery, engineering and construction. For that reason not much “direct” import can be seen in the development of ports. At the same time, introduction of international funds, advanced international management expertise, which happens more through investments in different forms, has been a strong push for the port development in China.

Consulate-General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Commercial section Guangdong International Hotel, Main Building, Unit 905. Huanshi Donglu 339, Guangzhou 510098 Telephone: +86 20 8330 2067/ Telefax: +86 208331 4930/ e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.hollandinchina.org

Origin of Imports (See “Investment”)

Investment Foreign investment in port development in China mainly focuses on container terminals. This is because container business is known for its relatively abundant return and flexibility. It is reported that 64.2% of the total container berths and 72.24% of the total (container handling) capacity of the major sea and river container terminals in China are with foreign investment. In South China, foreign investment can be seen in bigger sea ports such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Zhuhai and Shantou, and smaller ports in the Pearl River Delta such as Jiangmen, Nanhai, Panyu, Chaoyang etc. Joint ventures are most popular, but there are also a few cases of so-called “wholly foreign owned enterprises”.

Most investors are from Hong Kong, with Hutchison Whampoa taking the lead, which is known for its heavy investment in port sector worldwide. The Yantian International Container Terminal Co. Ltd. is a joint venture between Hutchison Whampoa and Shenzhen Yantian Port Group with a registered capital of HKD 2.4 billion. Hutchison holds a controlling share of 73%. In the three phases (1st, 2nd, and 3rd) Hutchison has directly invested RMB 6.5 billion. The company also has investment in the container terminals in Zhuhai (Jiuzhou and Gaolan), Jiangmen, Shantou, Xiamen, Nanhai etc.

PSA Group from Singapore is another important investor in the area. It has investment in Guangzhou Container Terminal, Qingzhou and Aofeng Container Terminals in Fuzhou. Other Asian investors are China Merchants Group (Hong Kong, Shekou container terminals), New World Development (Hong Kong), Evergreen Group (Taiwan) etc.

Danish company Maersk invested in the 2nd phase of Nansha port (Guangzhou, 6 container berths, total investment of RMB 4 billion), 2nd phase of Dachanwan container terminals (Shenzhen, 4 container berths, total investment of RMB 7.27 billion) and Songyu container terminals (Xiamen). In Dachawan the company has the controlling share.

The on-going economic crisis is having an impact on the growth of investment in port development. In 2008 the cargo flow and container flow in Shenzhen port only grew respectively by 6.01% and 1.5%, 7.61 percentage points and 12.76 percentage points lower than those of 2007, which are the ever lowest growth rates in the history of the port. Investors are worried about the future. In October 2008 Hutchison Whampoa announced to stop any new port investment worldwide, and found it necessary to review all current investment projects and future investment scale to see if they are in line with the new circumstances.

Government Programmes & Projects The “11th Five-Year Plan” for Guangdong’s Comprehensive Transportation System (2006-2010): In the framework of this plan the handling capacity of the ports in Guangdong should reach 1.2 billion ton, including containers of about 55 million TEUs. Focuses for port development are container transportation system and energy transportation system. Emphasis is on the development of the five hub ports in

Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Zhanjiang and Shantou. A total of RMB 48.6 billion would be invested in 32 projects in port development. Hereunder a list of projects which are still on-going according to the plan:

No Project name Type Content Construction Total Investment during period investment “11th Five-Year (million Plan” (million RMB) RMB) 1. 3rd phase of Nansha Continuation 6 container berths 2007-2010 4,500 4,500 port area (Guangzhou of 100,000 tons, Port) handling capacity 2.4 million TEUs 2. Bulk terminal of Nasha New 6 berths of 80,000 2006-2010 3,050 3,050 port area (Guangzhou – 150,000 tons, Port) handling capacity of 14 million tons 3. Oil terminal of Nansha New 1 berth of 50,000 2009-2010 350 350 port area (Guangzhou tons, handling Port) capacity of 5 million tons 4. Expansion of the 3rd Continuation 5 container berths 2004-2010 11,200 10,060 phase of Yantian of 70,000-100,000 container terminal tons, 1 berth of (Shenzhen Port) 30,000 tons, handling capacity of 3.7 million TEUs 5. 2nd phase of New 4 container berths 2007-2011 6,000 3,000 Dachanwan container of 70,000-100,000 terminal (Shenzhen tons, handling Port) capacity of 2.4 million TEUs 6. 2nd phase of New 1 LNG berth of 2007-2010 200 200 Guangodong LNG 80,000 tons, terminal (Shenzhen handling capacity Port) of 3 million tons 7. 2nd phase of Gaolan New 2 container berths 2008-2010 3,000 500 container terminal of 100,000 tons, (Zhuhai Port) handling capacity of 1.5 million TEUs 8. Expansion of crude oil New 1 crude oil terminal 2008-2010 200 200 terminal of Xiasha port of 300,000 tons,

area (Zhanjiang Port) handling capacity of 15 million tons 9. Coal terminal of Yangxi New 1 berth of 2007-2010 800 800 port (Yangjiang Port) 50,000-80,000 tons, handling capacity of 8 million tons 10. Crude oil terminal, New 1 berth of 300,000 2007-2010 250 250 Dongma port area tons (Huizhou Port)

In Fujian, the government plans to focus the province’s strength at the development of the container transportation in Xiamen port and Fuzhou port (Jiangyin port area), and the bulk transportation in Meizhou Bay and Luoyuan Bay (Fuzhou port).

Organizations Guangdong Communications Department Add: 27 Baiyun Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China Tel: +86 20 83835328, 83805040 E-mail: [email protected] Web-site: www.gdcd.govn.cn

Guangzhou Port Authority Add: 16th F/, Port Center, 406 Yanjiang Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China Tel: +86 20 83050208 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.gzport.gov.cn

Bureau of Communications of Shenzhen (Port Authority) Add: Highway Hub Administration Center, Zhuzilin, Futian, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China Tel: +86 755 83168000 Fax: +86 755 83168999 Website: www.sztb.gov.cn

Shenzhen Port Association Add: 15th F/, Haian Center, 229 Binhe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China Tel: +86 755 83797189 Fax: +86 755 83797189 Website: http://shenzhen.chinaports.org

Xiamen Port Authority

Add: 127 Dongdu Road, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China Tel: +86 592 2658265 Fax: +86 592 2658222 Website: www.portxiamen.com.cn

Companies Guangzhou Port Group Add: 406, Yanjiang Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China Tel: +86 20 83050088 Fax: +86 20 83051118 Website: www.gzport.com

Yantian International Container Terminals Co. Ltd. Add: Yantian port area, Shatoujiao, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China Tel: +86 755 25290888 Fax: +86 755 25290511 Website: www.yict.com.cn

Shekou Container Terminals Co. Ltd. Add: Santudi, Gangwan Avenue, Shekou port, Shenzhen, P.R,. China Tel: +86 755 26822110 Fax: +86 755 26852820 Website: www.sctcn.com

Xiamen Port Holding Group Co. Ltd. Add: 127 Dongdu Road, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China Tel: +86 592 5615055 Fax: +86 592 5653378 Website: www.xpgco.com.cn