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Home , Bud

The Farmers' Handbook - "Near The House 2", Chapter 13 - Budding your own good quality seedlings. how to do budding, so you can it at home produce prove fruit so that they give more production. niques used to im- just one of the tech- Budding onto it. This is called heavy-fruiting from a tasty, good and and transferring a bud local, wild fruit tree way is by taking a prove fruit trees. One ent methods to im- season there are differ- on the variety and fruit well. Depending make sure that trees ous other ways to fruit. There are vari- may not give good have grown from This chapter gives information about where, when and Fruit trees which . Budding is Budding ? Budding ? What is A one year old budded peach seedling to do do Budding ? WhyWhy HowHow Budding ?

Benefits of Budding 1. Selecting bud for budding • the tree produces good fruit • to use time efficiently • the tree sooner • to save having to buy fruit The first thing to do in budding is to select good buds • you don't need to wait for seedlings from the tree you want to propagate. If this is far away then other seasons and methods • to increase farm production; the whole branch containing the bud should be cut and • to be able to produce good • to develop new skills brought. Don't bring a trees in your own time • to increase production from branch which doesn't less land have good buds on it. When to do Budding ? Good buds can come Budding should be done in the early Summer when new from the current year's are and is rising the most. growth, or from last year's wood. Materials Needed to do Budding plastic 2-3 good buds knife

sharp hook local, wild The more seedling sprouting buds buds from a Selecting buds from (rootstock) on a single good fruiting a good fruiting tree tree axil, the better.

2 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 3 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 2. Cutting the selected bud 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 Make a cut through 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012any wood 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 the bark to the wood 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012from the bud 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012throw this

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 about half an inch above 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 the selected bud. Taking 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 bud, cut from half an 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012ready to graft.

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 inch below the bud, 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 upwards to the first cut 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012

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1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012 as shown in the picture. 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890124. Preparing the rootstock Carefully separate any wood that has been cut from A compatible local, wild variety of seedling is called a the bark and bud (see the rootstock. The rootstock shouldn't have any disease or picture at the top of the next wounds. The rootstock should be prepared before the bud is page). Now the bud is ready. cut, to save time. How to prepare rootstock is described in the Put the bud in a bowl of water, Fruit Nursery chapter. The rootstock seedling should be well so it can be carried without watered and mulched the day before it is to be budded. drying out.

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678903. Preparing the bud 1 First make a horizon-

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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890the budwood, these 1

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901 Then make a vertical

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901 the first cut, down

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901 4 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 5 5. Joining the bud to the rootstock howhow toto dodo Let'sLet's SeeSee Budding To graft the bud from the improved tree, use your knife Budding to prise open the T-shaped wound, and slowly insert the Make the first horizontal cut half budwood downwards into the opening. The budwood should an inch above the selected bud fit exactly into the inside of the T. If there is a small piece of 1 the budwood left sticking out above the horizontal cut in the rootstock, this should be cut off. 2

Selected bud Cut off any bud Second cut wood left outside from half 3 an inch Showing the below line of the cut to re- move the bud

5 Cut upwards to remove 4 the bud 1 2 3

Part 6, binding the bud with plastic, is The removed bud continued after the colour pictures ..... with wood inside

6 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 7 6 9 Then cut vertically through the bark Put the bud in a bowl of water 10

First make a hori- 7 zontal cut through Trim off the bark half the leaves from the bud 11 This leaves a 8 wound like the English "T" Wood The bud to removed be joined is ready

Remove the wood from the inside of the bud to leave only the bark

8 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 9 12 13 14 6. Binding the bud

Now 1 2 3 4 start to join the Prize open the The bud should bud and After inserting the bud use an inch-wide strip of thin plastic bark and slowly be inside the rootstock to bind it fairly tightly onto the rootstock. Cover the wound, insert the bud wound, flat binding from the bottom to the top and back down again. down into the against the inner wound wood See page 14 for an organic alternative to plastic

15 16

5 6 Finally, bind the tail of Don't cover the bud and the plastic so it points leaves with the plastic, down to allow any rain Now carefully Leave the bud leave them outside. to run off bind the bud with sticking out from this plastic the plastic See page 14 for an organic alternative to plastic 10 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 11 How to Things to do after budding is complete MaintenanceMaintenance maintain Give plenty of water to the seedling immediately after a budded seedling budding. Keep the budded well mulched. Make a thatch to shade the seedlings from the hot sun. Water and weed the seedlings as necessary. Care- How to tell if the budding is successful fully remove any buds that sprout below the new 1 2 bud. In the autumn after the budding was done, carefully cut off the top of the seedling just above the new bud.

Two weeks after the budding is done, gently pull at the leaf Planting the Seedling stems on the bud. If the leaf comes away easily from the If the seedling is deciduous (that is it drops its leaves in base, even by just touching it, the budding has been success- winter) the budded seedling can be planted out in late win- ful. If the leaf does not come away even with a stronger tug, ter. If the is evergreen it is usually planted in the sum- and slowly dries up, then the budding has probably failed mer. A good place to plant such a valuable seedling is in an Then you can try again by grafting in the winter. old pit latrine. Other- wise, dig a pit one Companion plants Removing the plastic metre deep and one metre wide, fill it with water compost Whether the budding is successful or compost and soil, and not, the plastic needs to be gently plant the seedling cut and removed after 3-4 weeks there. Full information otherwise it will "strangle" the about this is given in growing seedling. This can kill even the chapter Fruit Tree a successful bud. Planting. mulch 12 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 13 An easy way to irrigate fruit trees Farmers'Farmers' Mr Lal Bahadur Bury a porous clay pot about 50cm away from a newly planted fruit ExperienceExperience Budhathoki seedling. When this is filled with water, it soaks out of the pot di- rectly to the zone of the seed- From Nepal, Jajarkot district, ling. Instead of a pot, the hardened Khalanga - 5, Pokhara village, shell of a bottle gourd can be used, Mr Lal Bahadur Budhathoki has with a small hole made in the base. done plenty of budding. Now let's hear about his experience. fruit seedling Bottle æ I first learned about budding gourd from the Homestead Programme (JPP) and came home and started clay pot budding improved peach onto our local, wild peaches. Budding is done Lal B. Budhathoki in late June, and when other local farmers saw, they were amazed that you could transfer just a stone mulch bud from one tree to another. I budded peach onto wild peach, and pear onto our local wild pear, but this wasn't as good as the peach. Now the local Farmers' Group has started to do it. Eve- Instead of Plastic ryone thinks it's great, and it's cheap too. The budding is done You can also use the skin in late June, and then the top is cut off in the Autumn to allow of the sisal leaf (Agave) to the bud to grow on up. If it fails, it doesn't affect the tree and bind the bud. As shown you can graft again in the Winter. Also, if grafting is unsuccess- here, carefully peel the ful in the Winter you can do budding on the same plant in the skin from the leaf. See Summer. Either way the seedling isn't wasted. We don't use chapter no: 10, Introduc- fancy grafting knives - just a razor blade and ashi (local cutting ing Home Fruit Produc- hook) are enough. The plastic is to keep out air and water, but tion for more details needs removing quickly, within the month. Æ 14 The Farmers' Handbook, "Near The House - 2" Chapter 13 - Budding 15 home for planting on the farm. methods of growing improved fruit varieties at Here is more information about various simple to plant trees without affecting farm yield anywhere. This chapter gives information on how benefits. But you can't plant any type of tree, nor Planting trees on farmland can bring farmers many benefits for less work is given in this chapter other multi-purpose trees to give more and quicker Information on how to plant fruit trees with various waste. Information is given in this chapter. if they're not planted well all the work can go to After raising good seedlings in the fruit nursery, home for grafting and budding on your own land. How to grow root stock from local wild fruit seed at & Air Layering chapters Layering & Air Grafting, TopStone Grafting Grafting, Agroforestry chapter Integrated Fruit Orchard chapter Fruit Tree Planting chapter Fruit Nursery chapter Read On ! 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