Forbidden to Dream Again: Orwell and Nostalgia
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Orwell's Penultimate Prophecies in Coming up For
Astrolabio. Revista internacional de filosofía Año 2017 Núm. 20. ISSN 1699-7549. pp. 269-287 Orwell’s penultimate prophecies in Coming Up For Air (1939). A comparison with Byung-Chul Han’s works Oriol Quintana «Time is out of joint. Oh, curséd spite, that ever I was born To set it right.» Hamlet, William Shakesperare Abstract: The striking similarities between the novel Coming Up For Air (1939) and Byung- Chul Han’s books on present-day technological society is the object of this paper. Both, the English writer-journalist and the German philosopher, diagnosed and described the same illnesses. The paper focuses mainly on the problem of Entzeitlichung, the disappear- ance of time, and if and how it is possible to regain a contemplative look that prevents time from dissolving. Keywords: George Orwell, Coming Up For Air Byung-Chul Han, Technological Society, Contemplation Resumen: Las sorprendentes similitudes entre la novela Coming Up For Air (1939), de George Orwell y los libros de Byung-Chul Han sobre la actual sociedad tecnológica, son el objeto de este artículo. Tanto el escritor y periodista inglés como el filósofo alemán de- scriben y diagnostican las mismas enfermedades. El artículo se centra principalmente en el problema de la Entzeitlichung, la disolución del tiempo, y sobre cómo y si es posible re- cuperar una mirada contemplativa que evite esta disolución. Palabras clave: George Orwell, Coming Up For Air, Byung-Chul Han, sociedad tecnológi- ca, contemplación. 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION Byung-Chul Han is a Korean professor who lives and teaches in Germany, where he took his degree in Philosophy and Theology and wrote his Phd. -
George Orwell Nineteen Eighty-Four
George Orwell Nineteen Eighty-Four Objectives 1. Relate the dystopia in 1984 to Stephen Lukes’ three dimensional theory of power. 2. Locate Orwell’s novel in its historical context. 3. Recognize the tension between aesthetics & political activism in art. 4. Relate 1984 to the social tensions in the Western World in 1948, such as the race tensions around the Harlem Renaissance or class tensions in Britain. 5. Relate Orwell’s late modernist British novel to Thoreau and the Harlem Renaissance in America. Reading Assignment Christopher Hitchens & John Rodden on Think Tank, 2002. YouTube, 2002. Web. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v = uWeLvj7S38E Orwell, George. 1984. Adelaide: Planet eBook, 2012. Commentary 1984 was written during the post-WWII period in 1947-48 (the final manuscript was sent to his publishers on 4 December 1948, hence the title 1984), but it only appeared in print in 1949. It was originally titled “The Last Man in Europe,” which recalls Mary Shelley’s late Romantic novel The Last Man and emphasizes the location, which is Europe and not Soviet Russia, which Orwell has already critiqued in his book Animal Farm. As a novel, 1984 follows after the largest part of his writing career during which he produced satiric critiques of British culture, such as Keep the Aspidistra Flying, which has a very similar ending to 1984, although it is set in an advertising firm that controls people through products and manipulation. In relation to mass media, Orwell worked for the BBC during WWII, but none of his recordings survive. 39 Information Classification: General Orwell was also active as a socialist and unionist. -
Orwell's Painful Childhood
Orwell's painful childhood JEFFREY MEYERS RWELL was always extremely reticent about his personal affairs, so we know virtually nothing about how his O character was formed in his earliest years. He was born in 1903 in Motihari, situated on the bank of a lake in the state of Bihar, between Patna and Katmandu. His father was a sub-deputy agent in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service, and Orwell's family was part of that 'upper-middle class, which had its heyday in the eighties and nineties, with Kipling as its poet laureate, and was a sort of mound of wreckage left behind when the tide of Victorian prosperity receded'.1 Like Thackeray, Kipling, and Durrell, he spent his first years in India before he was sent to England at the age of four to begin school. Kipling's Something of Myself gives a lyrical description of a secure Indian childhood, protected by the gentleness and affection of bearer and ayah; and Fraser writes of Durrell that 'The Indian childhood, the heat, the colour, the Kiplingesque social atmosphere, deeply affected his childish imagination'.2 But both Thackeray and Kipling stress the wrenching trauma of leaving India at five years old. In The Newcombes, Thackeray writes : What a strange pathos seems to me to accompany all our Indian story! . The family must be broken up . In America it is from the breast of a poor slave that a child is taken; in India it is from the wife.3 Kipling's 'Baa Baa Black Sheep' describes his sudden and painful departure from servants and parents ('through no fault of their own, they had lost all their world'), and the horrors of an alien family that engulfs him with meanness and cruelty. -
Marcelo Pelissioli from Allegory Into Symbol: Revisiting George Orwell's Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four in the Light Of
MARCELO PELISSIOLI FROM ALLEGORY INTO SYMBOL: REVISITING GEORGE ORWELL’S ANIMAL FARM AND NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR IN THE LIGHT OF 21 ST CENTURY VIEWS OF TOTALITARIANISM PORTO ALEGRE 2008 2 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE LETRAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LETRAS ÊNFASE: LITERATURAS DE LÍNGUA INGLESA LINHA DE PESQUISA: LITERATURA, IMAGINÁRIO E HISTÓRIA FROM ALLEGORY INTO SYMBOL: REVISITING GEORGE ORWELL’S ANIMAL FARM AND NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR IN THE LIGHT OF 21 ST CENTURY VIEWS OF TOTALITARIANISM MESTRANDO: PROF. MARCELO PELISSIOLI ORIENTADORA: PROFª. DRª. SANDRA SIRANGELO MAGGIO PORTO ALEGRE 2008 3 4 PELISSIOLI, Marcelo FROM ALLEGORY INTO SYMBOL: REVISITING GEORGE ORWELL’S ANIMAL FARM AND NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR IN THE LIGHT OF 21 ST CENTURY VIEWS OF TOTALITARIANISM Marcelo Pelissioli Porto Alegre: UFRGS, Instituto de Letras, 2008. 112 p. Dissertação (Mestrado - Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. 1.Totalitarismo, 2.Animal Farm, 3. Nineteen Eighty-Four, 4. Alegoria, 5. Símbolo. 5 Acknowledgements To my dear professor and adviser Dr. Sandra Maggio, for the intellectual and motivational support; To professors Jane Brodbeck, Valéria Salomon, Vicente Saldanha, Paulo Ramos, Miriam Jardim, José Édil and Edgar Kirchof, professors who guided me to follow the way of Literature; To my bosses Antonio Daltro Costa, Gerson Costa and Mary Sieben, for their cooperation and understanding; To my friends Anderson Correa, Bruno Albo Amedei and Fernando Muniz, for their sense of companionship; To my family, especially my mother and grandmother, who always believed in my capacity; To my wife Ana Paula, who has always stayed by my side along these long years of study that culminate in the handing of this thesis; And, finally, to God, who has proved to me along the years that He really is the God of the brave. -
Marxism and Class………………………………………………….…
Durham E-Theses Rethinking Marxist Aesthetics: Race, Class and Alienation in Post-War British Literature BAGLAMA, SERCAN,HAMZA How to cite: BAGLAMA, SERCAN,HAMZA (2017) Rethinking Marxist Aesthetics: Race, Class and Alienation in Post-War British Literature , Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12322/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 1 Rethinking Marxist Aesthetics: Race, Class and Alienation in Post-War British Literature Sercan Hamza Bağlama Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English Studies Durham University June 2017 2 Table of Contents Statement of Copyright……………………………………………………………….3 Abstract………………………………………………………………………………. 4 Acknowledgments………………………………………………….……………….... 6 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….…. 8 Chapter I: Marxism and Class………………………………………………….…. 15 Chapter II: Alienation…………………………………………………...…….…… 56 Chapter III: Alan Sillitoe…………………………………………………….….…. 87 Chapter IV: Sam Selvon…………………………………………………………… 129 Chapter V: Doris Lessing………………………………………………………….. -
Eileen Maud O'shaughnessy, Mrs Blair
Eileen Maud O’Shaughnessy, Mrs Blair (English Language and Literature, 1924) 1905 – 1945 Profile written by Veronica Lowe (Modern History, 1969), President of the St Hugh’s Alumni Association Eileen O’Shaughnessy is better known to posterity as the first wife of the novelist George Orwell (Eric Blair) though she had intimated to friends that she had her own literary ambitions. This was illustrated in a poem written by Eileen in 1934 entitled ‘End of the Century, 1984’ inspired by reading Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. It was composed in honour of the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of Sunderland Church High School where Eileen had been Head Girl, and was said to look ahead to its centenary. The poem was long forgotten but there is an uncanny resemblance to certain references in Orwell’s dystopian novel Nineteen eighty-four published in 1949. Critics disagree however on whether Orwell intended the novel to be a homage to his wife who had died 4 years before. Eileen was born in South Shields on 25 September 1905 and was of Irish descent. She matriculated at St Hugh’s in 1924, and her tutors’ reports are still in the College archives. She was frequently complimented on her literary style. The reports show a progression in confidence and in the tutors’ confidence in her. The earlier ones highlighted errors and weakness in preparation but her final report from Trinity 1927 by the Principal Miss Buckhurst states: “Her work . .is pleasant and attractively fresh. She writes with point and edge and with good taste and discrimination”. -
Eleven Essays
ELEVEN ESSAYS GEORGE ORWELL eknizky.sk Eleven Essays by eknizky.sk is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Obsah THE SPIKE 1 A HANGING 11 BOOKSHOP MEMORIES 17 SHOOTING AN ELEPHANT 23 DOWN THE MINE 33 NORTH AND SOUTH 47 SPILLING THE SPANISH BEANS 59 MARRAKECH 69 BOYS' WEEKLIES AND FRANK RICHARDS'S 77 REPLY CHARLES READE 107 THE ART OF DONALD MCGILL 113 125 v THE SPIKE It was late-afternoon. Forty-nine of us, forty-eight men and one woman, lay on the green waiting for the spike to open. We were too tired to talk much. We just sprawled about exhaustedly, with home-made cigarettes sticking out of our scrubby faces. Overhead the chestnut branches were covered with blossom, and beyond that great woolly clouds floated almost motionless in a clear sky. Littered on the grass, we seemed dingy, urban riff-raff. We defiled the scene, like sardine-tins and paper bags on the seashore. What talk there was ran on the Tramp Major of this spike. He was a devil, everyone agreed, a tartar, a tyrant, a bawling, blasphemous, uncharitable dog. You couldn’t call your soul your own when he was about, and many a tramp had he kicked out in the middle of the night for giving a back answer. When You, came to be searched, he fair held you upside down and shook you. If you were caught with tobacco there was bell to. Pay, and if you went in with money (which is against the law) God help you. -
The Cultural Cold War the CIA and the World of Arts and Letters
The Cultural Cold War The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters FRANCES STONOR SAUNDERS by Frances Stonor Saunders Originally published in the United Kingdom under the title Who Paid the Piper? by Granta Publications, 1999 Published in the United States by The New Press, New York, 2000 Distributed by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York The New Press was established in 1990 as a not-for-profit alternative to the large, commercial publishing houses currently dominating the book publishing industry. The New Press oper- ates in the public interest rather than for private gain, and is committed to publishing, in in- novative ways, works of educational, cultural, and community value that are often deemed insufficiently profitable. The New Press, 450 West 41st Street, 6th floor. New York, NY 10036 www.thenewpres.com Printed in the United States of America ‘What fate or fortune led Thee down into this place, ere thy last day? Who is it that thy steps hath piloted?’ ‘Above there in the clear world on my way,’ I answered him, ‘lost in a vale of gloom, Before my age was full, I went astray.’ Dante’s Inferno, Canto XV I know that’s a secret, for it’s whispered everywhere. William Congreve, Love for Love Contents Acknowledgements .......................................................... v Introduction ....................................................................1 1 Exquisite Corpse ...........................................................5 2 Destiny’s Elect .............................................................20 3 Marxists at -
George Orwell and His Relevance to the Twenty-First Century
====================================================================== Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 19:2 February 2019 India’s Higher Education Authority UGC Approved List of Journals Serial Number 49042 ===================================================================== George Orwell and His Relevance to the Twenty-first Century Dr. Braja Kishore Sahoo ================================================================== George Orwell (1903-1950) occupies a significant place in the English literary imagination. A political and cultural commentator, as well as an accomplished novelist, Orwell is one of the most widely-admired English- language essayists of the 20th century. He is best remembered for two novels written towards the end of his life: Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty- Four (1949). In my paper I intend to suggest that Orwell was very much alive to the vital issues of his time and he showed an extensive range of interests stretching from politics, war, sports to such issues of language , literature, popular culture, even to suggest the eleven golden rules of how to prepare a nice cup of tea, and he is also very much relevant to our time, very much like our contemporary, very much alive to the vital issues of twenty-first century. Life was not particularly kind to George Orwell, nor was his contemporary critics. But history has treated him well, proving him right about the key issues of the twentieth century. In the bipolar political climate of the 1930s and 1940s, when intellectuals on the left and right were cozying up to the world's greatest evildoers, Orwell saw that the choice between Stalinism and fascism was in fact no choice at all, that the real struggle was between freedom and tyranny. -
Professor Peter Davison
GETTING IT RIGHT – Peter Davison January - March 2010 GETTING IT RIGHT January – March 2010 Peter Davison On at least two occasions George Orwell said he had done his best to be honest in his writings. In a letter to Dwight Macdonald on 26 May 1943 he wrote, „Within my own framework I have tried to be truthful‟; in a „London Letter‟ to Partisan Review, probably written in October 1944, he said, „I have tried to tell the truth‟ and goes on to devote the whole Letter to where in past Letters he had „got it wrong and why‟. When giving titles to volumes X to XX of The Complete Works, „I have tried to tell the truth‟ seemed to me apposite for one of them (Volume XVI). Telling the truth went further for Orwell. Writing about James Burnham, he was aware that what he had written in his „Second Thoughts on James Burnham‟ in Polemic, 3 (XVIII, pp. 268-84) would not be liked by that author; „however,‟ he wrote, „it is what I think‟ (XVIII, p. 232). Attempting to „get it right‟, even in the much lowlier task of editing than in the great variety of activities in which Orwell engaged, is about the only thing I can claim to have in common with Orwell. I am aware and embarrassed by my multitude of mistakes, misunderstandings, and my sheer ignorance. The Lost Orwell does what it can to try, belatedly, „to get it right‟. I was once taken to task by a reader who complained that „typewritten‟ had been misspelt: how ironic he thought! Would that were all! What one might call „ordinary, run-of-the-mill, errors‟ are no more than a matter of paying sustained attention – although maintaining that over some 8,500 pages of The Complete Works and seventeen years, with many changes of publisher, is clearly difficult. -
George Orwell: the Critical Heritage
GEORGE ORWELL: THE CRITICAL HERITAGE THE CRITICAL HERITAGE SERIES General Editor: B.C.Southam The Critical Heritage series collects together a large body of criticism on major figures in literature. Each volume presents the contemporary responses to a particular writer, enabling the student to follow the formation of critical attitudes to the writer’s work and its place within a literary tradition. The carefully selected sources range from landmark essays in the history of criticism to fragments of contemporary opinion and little published documentary material, such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included in order to demonstrate fluctuations in reputation following the writer’s death. GEORGE ORWELL THE CRITICAL HERITAGE Edited by JEFFREY MEYERS London and New York First published in 1975 Reprinted in 1997 by Routledge This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE & 29 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 Compilation, introduction, notes and index © 1975 Jeffrey Meyers All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data ISBN 0–415–15923–7 (Print Edition) ISBN 0–203–19635–X Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0–203–19638–4 (Glassbook Format) For Alfredo and Barbara General Editor’s Preface The reception given to a writer by his contemporaries and near- contemporaries is evidence of considerable value to the student of literature. -
MASARYK UNIVERSITY Nonconformity and Antiheroism In
MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION Department of English Language and Literature Nonconformity and Antiheroism in Orwell’s early novels Diploma thesis Brno 2017 Supervisor: Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk Written by: Bc. Jiří Hrabovský Declaration I hereby declare that this diploma thesis is my own work and that the information I used has been fully acknowledged in the text and included in the reference list. I agree with putting the thesis on public display at Masaryk University for study purposes. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. ………………………………… Bc. Jiří Hrabovský Bibliografický záznam HRABOVSKÝ, Jiří. Nonconformity and antiheroism in Orwell’s early novels. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, Fakulta pedagogická, Katedra anglického jazyka a literatury, 2017. Vedoucí diplomové práce Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk. Annotation Diploma thesis Nonconformity and Antiheroism in Orwell’s early novels deals with the analysis of different approaches the main heroes apply regarding their crises of identity. This thesis emphasizes the aspect of unconventional solutions of various life situations, aiming at both the inner dynamics of the characters, the same as the dynamics between these two fictional individuals. Anotace Diplomová práce s názvem Nonkonformita a Antihrdinství v raných Orwellových románech se zabývá analýzou různých přístupů hlavních hrdinů k jejich krizím osobnosti. Důraz je kladen na aspekt nekonvenčích řešení různých životních situací s cílem hledat jak dynamiku v jejich postojích vzhledem k získávaným zkušenostem, tak dynamiku mezi těmito fiktivními postavami samými.