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Polish Journal for American Studies Yearbook of the Polish Association for American Studies and the Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw

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Polish Journal for American Studies Yearbook of the Polish Association for American Studies and the Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw Polish Journal for American Studies Yearbook of the Polish Association for American Studies and the Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw Vol. 8 (2014) Julia Fiedorczuk Can Poetry Save the Earth? An Interview with Gary Snyder Zoe Detsi-Diamanti Sarah Pogson’s The Female Enthusiast and American Republican Virtue Tunde Adeleke The Political Pragmatism of Martin R. Delany Zbigniew Maszewski Homesickness for the Wild and Hemingway’s African Dressing Gown Alicja Piechucka Andy Warhol and the Dawn of Modern-Day Celebrity Culture TYTUŁ ARTYKUŁU 1 Polish Journal for American Studies Yearbook of the Polish Association for American Studies and the Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw Vol. 8 (2014) Warsaw 2014 2 IMIĘ NAZWISKO MANAGING EDITOR Marek Paryż EDITORIAL BOARD Paulina Ambroży, Patrycja Antoszek, Zofia Kolbuszewska, Karolina Krasuska, Zuzanna Ładyga ADVISORY BOARD Andrzej Dakowski, Jerzy Durczak, Joanna Durczak, Andrew S. Gross, Andrea O’Reilly Herrera, Jerzy Kutnik, John R. Leo, Zbigniew Lewicki, Eliud Martínez, Elżbieta Oleksy, Agata Preis-Smith, Tadeusz Rachwał, Agnieszka Salska, Tadeusz Sławek, Marek Wilczyński REVIEWERS FOR VOL. 8 Tomasz Basiuk, Mirosława Buchholtz, Jerzy Durczak, Joanna Durczak, Dominika Ferens, Paweł Jędrzejko, Ewa Łuczak, Zbigniew Mazur, Tadeusz Pióro, Agata Preis-Smith, Justyna Wierzchowska, Beata Williamson, Justyna Włodarczyk ISSN 1733–9154 Copyright by the authors 2014 Polish Association for American Studies, Al. Niepodległości 22, 02–653 Warsaw www.paas.org.pl Publisher: Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw ul. Nowy Świat 4, 00–497 Warsaw www. angli.uw.edu.pl Typesetting, cover design by Bartosz Mierzyński Cover Image: “Martin R. Delany,” National Portrait Gallery, Washington D.C. Nakład: 110 egz. Printed by Sowa – Druk na życzenie phone: +48 22 431 81 40 www.sowadruk.pl TYTUŁ ARTYKUŁU 3 Table of Contents INTERVIEW Julia Fiedorczuk Can Poetry Save the Earth? An Interview with Gary Snyder ...........................7 ARTICLES Zoe Detsi-Diamanti Sarah Pogson’s The Female Enthusiast (1807) and American Republican Virtue ..... 17 Sostene M. Zangari Melville’s Typee: Toward the Poetics of Hybridity ...................................... 33 Tunde Adeleke Black Radicalism and Black Conservatism as Complementary and Mutually Reinforcing: The Political Pragmatism of Martin R. Delany .......................... 51 Beata Williamson Henry James, Charles Nordhoff, and the Peculiarities of Christian Communes ................................................................................. 73 Agnieszka Kotwasińska Looking for Ghostly Crimes: Cross-Pollination of Crime and Gothic Fiction in Edith Wharton’s “Mr. Jones” ........................................................... 85 Zbigniew Maszewski Under Kilimanjaro: Homesickness for the Wild and Hemingway’s African Dressing Gown .......................................................................... 101 Alicja Piechucka Fifteen Minutes of Fame, Fame in Fifteen Minutes: Andy Warhol and the Dawn of Modern-Day Celebrity Culture .................................... 113 Małgorzata Olsza A Cold Look at the American Society: Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood between Document and Metaphor ..................................................... 135 4 Table of Contents Izabella Kimak “A Bridge That Seizes Crossing”: Art, Violence and Ethnic Identity in Meena Alexander’s Manhattan Music .......................................................... 149 Aneta Dybska Paul Fleischman’s Seedfolks: Community Gardening and Urban Regeneration .... 167 Jagoda Dolińska Autofiction and New Realist Prose: Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom .................... 181 Paweł Marcinkiewicz John Ashbery’s Quick Question and Its Forms of Inventiveness...................... 203 REVIEW ESSAY Zbigniew Maszewski “It Is Beautiful Country Jim”: The Art of Ernest Hemingway’s Letters .............. 217 REVIEWS Peter Pope and Shannon Lewis-Simpson, eds., Exploring Atlantic Transitions: Archaeologies of Transience and Permanence in New Found Lands (Zbigniew Mazur) ..................................................................................... 227 Susan Hardman Moore, Abandoning America: Life-Stories from Early New England (Irmina Wawrzyczek) ......................................................... 229 Mita Banerjee, Color Me White: Naturalism/Naturalization in American Literature (Anna Pochmara) ............................................................ 232 Julia Faisst, Cultures of Emancipation: Photography, Race, and Modern American Literature (Zuzanna Ładyga) ................................................ 235 Birte Christ, Modern Domestic Fiction: Popular Feminism, Mass-Market Magazines, and Middle-Class Culture, 1905–1925 (Justyna Włodarczyk) .......... 238 Florian Freitag, The Farm Novel in North America: Genre and Nation in the United States, English Canada and French Canada, 1845–1945 (Joanna Durczak) .... 240 Table of Contents 5 Lucyna Aleksandrowicz-Pędich, Memory and Neighborhood: Poles and Poland in Jewish American Fiction after World War Two (Monika Adamczyk-Garbowska) ....................................................... 245 Tadeusz Pióro, Frank O’Hara and the Ends of Modernism (Alicja Piechucka) ...... 249 Izabella Kimak, Bicultural Bodies: A Study of South Asian American Literature (Dominika Ferens) ....................................................................... 252 Grzegorz Maziarczyk, The Novel as Book: Textual Materiality in Contemporary Fiction in English (Małgorzata Olsza and Zuzanna Ludwa-Śmigielska) ............. 257 Carmen Birkle and Johanna Heil, eds., Communicating Disease: Cultural Representations of American Medicine (Joanna Ziarkowska) ......................... 262 Ewa Antoszek, Katarzyna Czerwiec-Dykiel, and Izabella Kimak, eds., Inne bębny: różnica i niezgoda w literaturze i kulturze amerykańskiej (Different Drums: Rebellion and Resistance in American Literature and Culture) (Ewelina Bańka) .......................................................................... 265 Buelens, Gert, Sam Durrant, and Robert Eaglestone, eds., The Future of Trauma Theory: Contemporary Literary and Cultural Criticism (Elżbieta Klimek-Dominiak) ....................................................................... 271 Kacper Bartczak and Małgorzata Myk, eds., Theory that Matters: What Practice After Theory (Paweł Stachura) ........................................................... 278 CONTRIBUTORS ................................................................... 283 6 IMIĘ NAZWISKO Can Poetry Save the Earth? An Interview with Gary Snyder 7 Julia Fiedorczuk Can Poetry Save the Earth? An Interview with Gary Snyder Gary Snyder is a poet and essayist as well as a social and environmental activist. He began his career in the 1950s as a member of the Beat Generation (Japhy Ryder, one of the characters in Jack Kerouac’s novel The Dharma Bums, is inspired by Snyder). Since early childhood he has been deeply interested in wild nature, and as a young man he took up snow-peak mountaineering. Simultaneously, he started studying oriental languages and anthropology, in between his studies work- ing as a lumberjack, a trail maker and a firewatcher. In the years 1956–1969 he lived mostly in Japan, practicing Zen and reading books about ecology. His first published books were Riprap (1959) and Myths and Texts (1960). The collection of poems Turtle Island (1974) brought him the Pulitzer Prize. After returning to the United States, Snyder built his own house—along the Yuba River in the northern Sierra Nevada Mountains—where he has lived since. His writing and activism are intimately connected with his Buddhist practice and the knowledge of the bioregion (northern California). His Buddhist name is Chofu, meaning “Hear the wind.” The interview was conducted in May 2013 in Kraków where Gary Snyder was a guest of the Miłosz Festival and parts of it were published in Polish in Dwutygodnik (109/2013). JULIA FIEDORCZUK: The Slovenian philosopher Slavoy Žižek has famously said: “ecology is the new opium for the masses” as it diverts our attention from the real problems, which are social problems. Do you have a way of responding to this? GARY SNYDER: Of course I feel absolutely the opposite way. I feel that social problems is the opium for the masses so that they don’t have to deal with what’s happening to the planet. A few days ago I was asked a similar question during an interview. I’ve been talking about ecological problems and the interviewer asked me: “But what about the social problems?” My answer is: when we begin to talk about ecological problems we already have finished the discussion of so- cial problems, we know they are there. That is taken for granted, that’s a given. The ecological problems are the problems that increasingly now impact the third 8 Julia Fiedorczuk world and that’s what you have to look at. Or I could simply say: Slavoy Žižek is the opium for the exhausted Marxists. Perhaps there really is no conflict between social and ecological engagement? No, there isn’t. Ecology is simply the expansion of your moral universe to include the non-humans. Whereas if you talk about the social problems your moral uni- verse is focused only on human beings. That is outmoded now. Some people associate ecology with a kind of fashion, or a lifestyle, a middle-class craze... It is presented that way sometimes in advertising, as consumer economy tries to tap into it. But let us remember what the word “ecology” means and where it comes from. It comes from the biological
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