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China – Nanning City – Guangxi Province – Christians – Catholics – Traditional Church Doctrines – Falun Gong – Protests – Returnees

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China – Nanning City – Guangxi Province – Christians – Catholics – Traditional Church Doctrines – Falun Gong – Protests – Returnees Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN34379 Country: China Date: 6 February 2009 Keywords: China – Nanning City – Guangxi Province – Christians – Catholics – Traditional church doctrines – Falun Gong – Protests – Returnees This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide information on the treatment of Christians in Nan Ning City in Guang Xi province, including the registered Patriotic churches and any unregistered churches. 2. Please provide any information on whether the registered church or unregistered churches in Guang Xi follow the true word of God or otherwise. 3. Would someone who was once interested in Falun Gong, and in Australia assisted at Falun Gong protests, but who has now renounced Falun Gong, likely to face ill-treatment upon return to China? RESPONSE 1. Please provide information on the treatment of Christians in Nan Ning City in Guang Xi province, including the registered Patriotic churches and any unregistered churches. A search of the sources consulted found the following information on the treatment of Christians in Nanning City in Guangxi province and in Guangxi province in general. An article dated 28 November 2008 refers to the bishop of Nanning, Bishop John Baptist Tan Yanquan, saying that pictures of a new bishop’s house displayed in a government-sponsored cultural exhibition depicted “the local Church’s emergence from almost nothing 30 years ago, despite hardship, as well as local Catholics’ joy at having a place from which to grow”. It is stated in the article that: Thirty years ago, when religion was first allowed to revive, Bishop Tan recalled, people were open to hearing the Gospel, but the Church did not have the facilities or the trained personnel to meet the need. Today, people long for material prosperity, which has made evangelization more difficult, aside from weakening existing Catholics’ faith, he continued. Meanwhile, the Guangxi Church has baptized 40,000 new Catholics, restored or built more than 100 new churches, ordained 15 priests and trained about 100 nuns. “Church personnel training lags behind Church construction,” Bishop Tan admitted, adding that he plans to step up formation of priests and nuns, promotion of vocations and evangelization (‘Nanning Diocese Joins Public Exhibition On 30th Anniversary Of Government Reform Policies’ 2008, Union of Catholic Asian News, 28 November http://www.ucanews.com/2008/11/28/nanning-diocese-joins-public-exhibition-on-30th- anniversary-of-government-reform-policies/ - Accessed 4 February 2008 – Attachment 1). Another Union of Catholic Asian News article dated 6 May 2008 indicates that “Liu Yuanlong, secretary general of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association,” had said that a new diocesan centre in Nanning gave “priests ‘a home to return to,’ where they can talk with their bishop on ‘evangelization in Guangxi.’” Bishop John Baptist Tan Yanquan of Nanning said “that with the new complex, which cost 7.2 million yuan (US$1.3 million), he hopes local Catholics can run ‘regular programs for catechists, catechumens and formation classes, just like the Protestants,’ who are more active” (‘Nanning Diocese Expects New Diocesan Center To Spur Development’ 2008, Union of Catholic Asian News, 6 May http://www.ucanews.com/2008/05/06/nanning-diocese-expects-new-diocesan-center-to-spur- development/ - Accessed 4 February 2008 – Attachment 2). The US Department of State 2008 report on religious freedom in China refers to “family planning officials in Baise, Guangxi Province,” forcing the wife of a house church pastor to have an abortion against her religious beliefs. It is stated in the report that: In April 2007 Radio Free Asia reported that family planning officials in Baise, Guangxi Province, forced Wei Linrong, the wife of house church pastor Liang Yage, to have an abortion. According to the report, Liang and his wife did not want to have an abortion because it violated their religious beliefs (US Department of State 2008, International Religious Freedom Report for 2008 – China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, Macau), September, Section II – Attachment 3). An article dated 10 July 2008 by John Pontifex, the UK Head of Press and Information for Aid to the Church in Need, indicates that Guangxi province is one of the regions in which there were very few Catholic clergy. According to the article: One such region is Guangxi Province, in China’s south-west, where Bishop John-Baptist Tan has only 13 priests. We met him on the second leg of our trip to China and he explained that the institutional structures of the Church very often have less appeal than more modern initiatives such as building up teams of lay catechists. On one occasion, he took us on a tour of the main Catholic centres in and around Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Province, and opened a small door to reveal a room packed full of catechists. They were a group of 40 who had taken two weeks off from work and family commitments to study the catechism, go on retreat and prepare themselves to teach the Gospel in their respective towns and villages. Using a language familiar to the Chinese and embedded in local culture, the spirit of Fr Ricci lives on. And, as the great 16th century Jesuit experienced himself, an approach sympathetic to Chinese culture is profoundly effective. Bishop Tan said that in his diocese with barely 40,000 Catholics altogether, there are more than 1,000 baptisms every year (most of them adults). The diocese is further benefiting from a gradual harmonisation of ‘Underground’ Catholics, who refuse to be registered under State regulations, and the ‘Official’ Church, whose faithful are recognised by the authorities (Pontifex, John 2008, ‘China and the Church - Irreconcilable opposites?’, Thinkingfaith.org website, 10 July http://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/20080710_1.htm - Accessed 4 August 2008 – Attachment 4). An RRT research response dated 3 December 2007 includes information on the treatment of Catholics in Guangxi province in China (RRT Research & Information 2007, Research Response CHN32603, 3 December, (Question 1) – Attachment 5). The research response refers to an article dated 9 October 2007 on the China Aid website which indicates that the government had “launched a campaign to counter the Vatican ‘penetration’ in the life of the Church” in Nanning in “the autonomous Guangxi region, (south west China)”. According to the article: Brain washing Catholic priests to convince them of the “error of their ways”; in short of having published and distributed the Pope’s Letter to China’s Catholics: it is taking place in Nanning, a major city of the autonomous Guangxi region, (south west China), where the government has launched a campaign to counter the Vatican “penetration” in the life of the Church. Meantime in Qingxiu district, close to Nanning, police sequestered and destroyed copies of a parish letter which carried parts of the papal document. June 30th Benedict XVI published a Letter to the Catholics of China with which he exhorted them to live the Christian mission and witness for the good of their country and to draw closet [sic] the underground and official Church, asking all of those involved to witness with greater courage their unity with the Holy See. In turn, with cordial and respectful terms, the pontiff requested that Chinese authorities respect the religious freedom of the faithful and the appointment of bishops. …The ORA [Office for Religious Affairs] document from Nanning is along the same lines. It calls for the Official Churches “network” of contacts and “control system” to be strengthened as well as more powerful “studies and formation of religious leaders” (political brain washing sessions– ndr); and to step up vigilance against the Pope and the Vatican’s “penetration” of China (‘Guangxi: stop the Pope’s Letter, even by brain washing’ 2007, China Aid website, 9 October http://chinaaid.org/2007/10/09/guangxi-stop-the-pope%E2%80%99s-letter-even-by- brain-washing/ - Accessed 20 November 2007 – Attachment 6). Another RRT research response dated 24 September 2007 looks at the situation of Christians in Nanning City in Guangxi province during 2005-2006 (RRT Research & Information 2007, Research Response CHN32390, 24 September – Attachment 7). An earlier article dated 10 May 2004 indicates that in June 2003, a group of underground Christians in Guangxi province had been arrested by the authorities and sentenced to re- education camps. They were eventually released. According to the article: Last June, a group of underground Christians in Guangxi province who had applied to register were summoned by the authorities to finish the final steps of the application process. They arrived with all their paperwork completed and notarized, only to be arrested on the spot and sentenced to re-education camps. The government eventually released them (Schafer, Sarah 2004, ‘Onward, Christian Soldiers; Chinese missionaries are winning souls across the Middle Kingdom – and plan to spread even farther’, Newsweek International, 10 May – Attachment 8). 2. Please provide any information on whether the registered church or unregistered churches in Guang Xi follow the true word of God or otherwise. A search of the sources consulted did not locate specific information on whether the registered church or unregistered churches in Guangxi province follow traditional church teachings. The following documents include some information on church teachings in China. The US Department of State 2008 report on religious freedom in China indicates that: The Constitution and laws provide for freedom of religious belief and the freedom not to believe.
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