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DAY 64 VOL 64 November 22, 2019 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · · · Court File No. 94-CQ-50872CM ·2· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·ONTARIO · · · · · · · · · · · SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE ·3 · · · · ·B E T W E E N: ·4 · · · · · · THE CHIPPEWAS OF SAUGEEN FIRST NATION, and THE ·5· · · · · · · · ·CHIPPEWAS OF NAWASH FIRST NATION · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Plaintiffs ·6· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·- and - · · · · · · · · · ·THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, ·7· · · · · · HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF ONTARIO, · · · · · · · THE CORPORATION OF THE COUNTY OF GREY, THE ·8· · · ·CORPORATION OF THE COUNTY OF BRUCE, THE CORPORATION · · · · · ·OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF NORTHERN BRUCE PENINSULA, ·9· · · THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF SOUTH BRUCE PENINSULA, · · · · · THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF SAUGEEN SHORES, and 10· · · · THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWNSHIP OF GEORGIAN BLUFFS · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Defendants 11 12· · · · · · · · · · · · · · Court File No. 03-CV-261134CM1 13· · · ·A N D· B E T W E E N: 14· · · · · CHIPPEWAS OF NAWASH UNCEDED FIRST NATION and · · · · · · · · · · · · ·SAUGEEN FIRST NATION 15· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Plaintiffs · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·- and - 16· · · · THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA and HER MAJESTY THE · · · · · · · · · · · QUEEN IN RIGHT OF ONTARIO 17· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·Defendants 18· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·-------- · · · · ·---· This is VOLUME 64/DAY 64 of the trial 19· · · ·proceedings in the above-noted matter, being · · · · ·held at the Superior Court of Justice, Courtroom 20· · · ·5-1, 330 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, on · · · · ·the 22nd day of November, 2019. 21· · · · · · · · · · · · · ·---------- 22· · · ·B E F O R E:· The Honourable Justice Wendy M. · · · · · · · · · · · ·Matheson 23 24 25 Page 8250 ·1· · · ·A P P E A R A N C E S: ·2 ·3· · · ·Renée Pelletier, Esq.,· · · · · · for the Plaintiffs, ·4· · · ·& Christopher Evans, Esq.,· · · · The Chippewas of ·5· · · ·& Krista Nerland, Esq.,· · · · · ·Saugeen First Nation, ·6· · · ·& Cathy Guirguis, Esq.,· · · · · ·and the Chippewas of ·7· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·Nawash First Nation. ·8 ·9· · · ·Michael Beggs, Esq.,· · · · · · · for the Defendant, 10· · · ·& Michael McCulloch, Esq.,· · · · The Attorney General· · · · & 11· · · ·& Barry Ennis, Esq.,· · · · · · · of Canada. 12 13· · · ·David Feliciant, Esq.,· · · · · · for the Defendant, 14· · · ·& Julia McRandall, Esq.,· · · · · Her Majesty the 15· · · ·& Peter Lemmond, Esq.,· · · · · · Queen in Right of 16· · · ·& Jennifer Lepan, Esq.,· · · · · ·Ontario. 17· · · ·& Richard Ogden, Esq., 18 19 20 21 22· · · · · REPORTED BY:· Deana Santedicola, RPR, CSR, CRR 23 24 25 Page 8251 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · · · · I N D E X ·2· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·PAGES ·3 ·4· · · ·Housekeeping/Scheduling matters........ 8451 - 8452 ·5 ·6· · · ·WITNESS:· PROFESSOR ALAIN BEAULIEU ·7· · · ·Cross-Examination by Mr. Evans ·8· · · ·(Cont'd)............................... 8255 - 8311 ·9 10· · · ·WITNESS:· TYLER D. WENTZELL 11· · · ·Examination In-Chief by Mr. McCulloch (On 12· · · ·Qualifications)........................ 8320 - 3335 13· · · ·Expert Qualification/Acceptance of Tender 14· · · ·of Tyler D. Wentzell.......................... 8336 15· · · ·Examination In-Chief by Mr. McCulloch.. 8338 - 8366 16· · · ·Cross-Examination by Ms. Nerland ...... 8367 - 8450 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 8252 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · ·INDEX OF EXHIBITS ·2 ·3· · · ·NO.· DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · ·PAGE/LINE NO. ·4 ·5· 4398:· Chapter 8 of the book entitled "The· · · 8269:18 ·6· Great Peace of Montreal of 1701"authored by ·7· Gilles Havard. ·8· 4399:· Chapter 9 of the book entitled "The· · · 8286:14 ·9· Great Peace of Montreal" authored by Gilles 10· Havard. 11· 4400:· Document entitled "Letter from Sr.· · · ·8288:10 12· D'Aigremont Denouncing Cadillac Methods", 13· dated November 14, 1708. 14· 4401:· Chapter 4 of the book entitled· · · · · ·8294:14 15· "Empire et Métissages" authored by Gilles 16· Havard. 17· 4402:· Document entitled "The Papers of· · · · ·8303:17 18· Henry Bouquet", Volume V, September 1, 1760 19· - October 31, 1761", pages 170-172. 20· 4403:· Document entitled "The Papers of· · · · ·8304:21 21· Henry Bouquet", Volume V, September 1, 1760 22· - October 31, 1761", pages 204-205. 23· 4404:· Book entitled "The Travels of New· · · · ·8312:4 24· France" authored by Jolicoeur Charles 25· Bonin. Page 8253 ·1· 4405:· Expert Report authored by Tyler· · · · · ·8317:9 ·2· Wentzell entitled "Considerations Affecting ·3· a Military Expedition to Secure the Bruce ·4· Peninsula Against Encroachment". ·5· 4406:· Curriculum Vitae of Tyler Wentzell.· · · ·8319:2 ·6· 4407:· Chapter 6 of the book authored by· · · · 8390:15 ·7· Janice Nickerson entitled "Crime and ·8· Punishment in Upper Canada, a Researcher's ·9· Guide". 10· 4408:· Magistrate's Manual from 1851.· · · · · ·8393:19 11· 4409:· Chapter 6 of the book entitled "The· · · 8408:19 12· History of the Canadian Militia" by Captain 13· Ernest J. Chambers. 14· 4410:· Book entitled "Canadian Military· · · · ·8420:10 15· Heritage, Volume II, 1755-1871" authored by 16· Rene Chartrand. 17· 4411:· Excerpt from the booked authored by· · · ·8421:7 18· J. MacKay Hitsman entitled "Safeguarding 19· Canada 1763-1871". 20· 4412:· Excerpt from document entitled "The· · · 8428:24 21· Rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada, 22· Documents", page 15 and 233. 23· 4413:· Article authored by William Wylie· · · · ·8440:5 24· called "Poverty, Distress and Disease, 25· Labour and the Construction of the Rideau Page 8254 ·1· Canal, 1826-32". ·2 ·3 ·4· · · · · · · · · · LETTERED EXHIBITS ·5 ·6· A3:· Expert Report authored by Tyler· · · · · · 8317:24 ·7· Wentzell entitled "A British Officer's ·8· Understanding of Military Aid to the Civil ·9· Power". 10· B3:· Expert tender for Tyler Wentzell.· · · · · 8319:22 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 8255 ·1· · · ·-- Upon commencing at 10:04 a.m. ·2 ·3· · · · · · · · · ·THE COURT:· Please go ahead, Counsel. ·4· · · · · · · · · ·PROFESSOR ALAIN BEAULIEU; Under Prior ·5· · · · · · · · · ·Affirmation. ·6· · · · · · · · · ·CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. EVANS ·7· · · · · · · · · ·(CONT'D): ·8· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Good morning, Professor Beaulieu. ·9· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·Good morning. 10· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·I would like to discuss the part 11· · · ·of your report on the founding of Fort Detroit. 12· · · ·Could we bring up Exhibit 4246, which, for the 13· · · ·benefit of Ms. Prokos, is S-0224. 14· · · · · · · · · ·So this is an article titled 15· · · ·"Navigating Ancestral Landscapes in the Northern 16· · · ·Iroquoian World".· Could we go to page 141, please. 17· · · ·So this is a map of the Northern Iroquoian Nation's 18· · · ·territory up to the dispersal in 1650, and so the 19· · · ·Five Nations were located south of Lake Ontario? 20· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·That's correct. 21· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·And so Detroit, the Detroit area, 22· · · ·was not in their traditional territory? 23· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·No, they pretend that they had 24· · · ·conquered those lands.· It is a difference. 25· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Okay.· So they pretended, but Page 8256 ·1· · · ·France didn't recognize that claim? ·2· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·I'm sorry, they pretend -- ·3· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·France didn't recognize the ·4· · · ·Iroquois claim to have conquered the Detroit area? ·5· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·They did not recognize. ·6· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·They claimed it for themselves? ·7· · · ·France claimed the Detroit area for itself? ·8· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·Yes. ·9· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·All right.· And so in your report, 10· · · ·you say that France sent the expedition to build 11· · · ·the fort without seeking the Iroquois' prior 12· · · ·consent? 13· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·Because they knew that the 14· · · ·Iroquois would be opposed to this action. 15· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Right.· And France and the 16· · · ·Iroquois had made a preliminary peace treaty in 17· · · ·September of 1700? 18· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·That's correct. 19· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·And Callières sent the expedition 20· · · ·to found the fort in June of 1701? 21· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·Before the beginning of the Great 22· · · ·Meeting at Montreal -- 23· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Right.· So -- 24· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·-- for the ratification of the 25· · · ·official peace. Page 8257 ·1· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Right.· So France and the Iroquois ·2· · · ·were still officially at war at that time? ·3· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·No.· No, I don't think so. ·4· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Well, they hadn't ratified a ·5· · · ·peace. ·6· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·They came to ratify a peace, but ·7· · · ·the war operation was stopped, and there was no ·8· · · ·more attack from the French toward the Iroquois, no ·9· · · ·more attacks from the Iroquois toward the French. 10· · · ·It was a peace agreement.· All the, I would say, 11· · · ·Amerindian actors and the French at that time 12· · · ·conclude that it was -- the peace need to be 13· · · ·ratified at Montreal in 1701. 14· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·All right.· Could we bring up 15· · · ·Exhibit 326, please.· So these are the minutes of 16· · · ·the meeting at Montreal on the 7th of August 17· · · ·between Callières and the Iroquois; is that right? 18· · · · · · · · · ·A.· ·I think so.· I am not sure if it 19· · · ·is the -- it seems to be a modern transcript, not 20· · · ·the one, maybe, but it looks like the proceedings. 21· · · · · · · · · ·Q.· ·Okay.· Could we go to page
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