October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34:953 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS GOVERNOR ROCKEFELLER SPEAKS Around this State there are nine other We need a unified system for financing AT THE OLDER AMERICAN WHITE meetings of this conference; and my voice is medical care, like Universal Health Insur­ going out to each meeting over a special ance. HOUSE FORUM telephone hookup. I've tried to get it In our State, I'll keep I want all of you out there and here to trying. HON. JACOB K. JAVITS know that what you tell me Is just as im­ But, Universal Health Insurance would portant as what I'm going to tell you; be­ work better on a national basis. OF NEW YORK cause this is your conference. I hope that the State and regional com­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES What you say will determine the shape mittees that Will be working on recommenda­ of this State's recommendations at next Monday, October 5, 1970 tions for the White House Conference on year's White House Conference on Aging. Aging Will give Universal Health Insurance Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, on Sep­ But it all begins here and now. a strong recommendation. tember 23, the New York State Office for So my real job today Is not so much to Another thing some older people want to the Aging officially launched our State's talk. do or need to do is work. preparations for the 1971 White House It's to listen to you. Yet, the Federal Social Security law penal­ Conference on Aging with 10 Regional And one way we'll be listening is by izes work, in a sense. going through those questionnaires you'll be A person getting Social Security loses $1 Older American White House Forums filling out. for every 2 he earns between $140 and $240 a which were attended by nearly 10,000 They will tell us all kinds of things. month. senior citizens. They'll tell us whether you're satisfied On earnings over $240, he loses a dollar of It was appropriate that the State's first with where you live-if you live with others social security for every dollar of earnings; official function in connection with this or alone; whether you think you're getting unless the worker Is over age 72. conference began by allowing older peo­ enough companionship and recreation; This amounts to a harsh tax against the whether you have a chance to participate in elderly-the very people least able to af­ ple themselves to speak out on their ac­ the life of your community. tual day-to-day needs and concerns. And ford it. We began working on problems like these I say that's wrong, and should be changed. it is this philosophy which will direct all nine years ago in this State. Why should we penallze people for work­ of the subsequent activities in New York That's when I created a State Office for the ing? That's what this country is trying to get State; namely, that older people will be Aging. I put that office right in the Execu­ away from. vitally involved in every phase of these tive Department, close to the Governor; be­ Another thing that older citizens want are preparations, for it is they who best know cause I have a deep personal concern for places where they can go to get all the special their own needs. your problems. services they need under one roof; without I named a marvelous lady, Marcelle Levy, having to trot all over town. At this first series of meetings, each as Director of the Office for the Aging and older person had the opportunity to com­ Senior citizen centers make sense to me. Marcelle has done a magnificent job. That's why I signed a law this year that plete the national needs questionnaire. I Mrs. Levy doesn't see citizens of maturity authorizes low-cost State loans so that a know that the results of these question­ and experience as a burden; but as a valuable community can build a one-stop service cen­ naires will provide us with a tremendous resource to the community. ter for its older people. starting point in our work to bring more She doesn't think of older people as And now that New York State has taken and better services to the aging. problems. the lead, I would like to see the Federal gov­ New York State has a population of She sees them as people with special needs; ernment start giving financial aid to help more than 3 million persons who are 60 and there's a world of difference, as you well operate these centers. know. That's something else I hope you'll include years of age and over-2.1 million of We have two mlllion people in our State whom are 65 or over. In New York City, when you draw up those recommendations who are 65 and over; and while the kind of for the White House Conference. alone, the more than 1 million senior problems they have are special, their aspira­ These are some of the things that I think citizens constitute a population larger tions are the same as everyone else's. we ought to be doing to make life better for than that of most of the Nation's larger They want to help others when they can. our older citizens. cities. Retired people have time to do volunteer We've done a lot in New York State--and The older New Yorker has more pro­ work and they have a life-time of skills to we'll do more. But the Federal Government offer. needs to do more too. I believe in Senior grams and services-at the public, pri­ So we passed legislation this year that vate, and voluntary level-than any Power. I've seen it work. Older citizens are makes it easier for older people to work as among the most valuable human resources senior citizen in the country. Nonetheless, volunteers. we have. it has never been New York State's pol­ This law allows local governments to re­ Many of you are st!ll at work-in govern­ icy to rest on past accomplishments. imburse older persons for any expenses they ment, in volunteer activities and in com­ Rather, we see our responsibility as con­ incur while they're doing volunteer work. merce and industry. tinuing to pioneer and to experiment so Older people want to be able to get along You do great work, too; that we can insure that older people are on their usually fixed Incomes. -because you have the Wisdom and the able to lead productive and useful lives. That's terribly !mportant. It means peace experience to get a job done right. of Inind-independence-securi ty. There's no substitute for that. There will be many recommendations But with prices going up, getting along can coming to the national White House be pretty tough on a ftxed income. So I hope that this conference will, above Conference on Aging in November of So four years ago the Legislature passed a all, consider ways we can Inake better use of 1971, but I think New York's Governor recommendation of mine to give communi­ all the Senior Power around us. ties the opportunity to grant property tax And when you come to think of it, this Rockefeller has outlined, very succinctly, conference is making use of Senior Power the most grevious areas of concern to our relief to older home owners. This year, we raised the income eligibility right now. older people in the address which he de­ level for that tax relief from the original And I, for one, am looking forward to your livered at the September 23 forums. The $3,000 to $5,000. recommendations. Governor's remarks were carried to each Some 45,000 older home owners are paying of the 10 regional forums by a special lower property taxes as a result of these ad­ telephone hookup. I feel his speech is of ministrative measures. sufficient importance to include in the Something else older people deserve is good A DIFFERENCE IN STANDARDS CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, SO I ask unani­ medical care-especially since they have the mous consent that it be printed in the greatest medical needs. That's why this Administration has loan Extensions of Remarks. and grant programs to get hospitals and HON. JOHN M. ZWACH There being no objection, the speech nursing homes built. OF MINNESOTA was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, But we need a better system for financing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as follows: medical care, too. Monday, October 5, 1970 REMARKS OF GOVERNOR NELSON A. RoCKE­ Medicare has been good, as far as it goes. FELLER AT THE OLDER AMERICAN WHITE But when coverage runs out during long Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, most of us HOUSE FORUM, HUNTER COLLEGE sieges of illness, the only recourse is Medic­ know the rigid requirements for meat in­ Today, I'm not just addressing one audi­ aid. spection and sanitation in this country. ence, I'm addressing ten. And Medicaid isn't the final answer either. Not so many realize the very strict 34954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 standards of cleanliness, inspection, and Consumer Code be printed in the Ex- are the measures being taken by govern­ refrigeration that is required for our tensions of Remarks. ment-at the local, State, and national dairy products. There being no objection, the code levels-as well as in the private sector of However, for imports coming into this was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, the country to combat the rise in drug country and competing with our highly as follows: · abuse. Since last December at the White inspected and rigidly controlled prod­ BusiNEss-CoNSUMER RELATioNs conE House Governors' Conference when Pres- ucts, there seems not to be the same consumers and business are mutually de- ident Nixon addressed himself directly standards. pendent In the competitdve market place-- to the seriousness of drug dependence Cor Bos of Lake Wilson, in southwest­ consumers, for the freedom to choose among and set the tempo of the struggle to be ern Minnesota, was recently in Europe products and services; business, for the free- waged in the 1970's, the State of New and made some interesting observations. dom to offer goOds and services. York has been in the forefront of the Mr. Speaker, I would like, at this time, The consumer has bad, and must continue fight against this gnawing menace of to insert Mr. Bos' observations in the to have, certain basic and undeniable rights narcotic addiction. This is partly because CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SO they may be in the competitive market place--the right of the immediacy of the problem in New read by all of my colleagues: ~~~;:,tyih~b~i~:~\~ {: ~~~~!~e !~h;~~ York, but it is also due in large part to STANDARDS FOR IMPORTS right to quality and integrity. the dedicated efforts of Gov. Nelson A. A recent trip and a 60-day stay at different We, therefore, reaffirm our continuing re- Rockefeller. farms and dairies in Europe produced my sponsib1llty to affect, in our daily business The all-out attack on drug abuse in folowing concustons: operations, the following business-consumer New York State includes law enforce­ We do not need quotas on dairy and meat relations code: ment to end trafficking of drugs, a vast imports from other countries. All we need is the requirement, very reasonable at that, of co~~~~:~;~~=~::a~da!~~~fe:%t:et~~ public information and education pro- the same standards of inspection for both products; including positive actions against gram, and the provision of treatment for domestic and imported meat and milk prod­ harmful side effects on the quality of life the drug abuser. ucts. That would stop--and quick-all 1m­ and the environment. Treatment involves counseling, reha- ports of these products. (2) TO utll1ze technical progress to pro- bilitation, and aftercare as well as such To wit: At di:trerent farms where I stayed duce goods of high standards and quality at special approaches as the methadone the milk produced at 5 o'clock in the evening the lowest reasonable price. maintenance program currently being without any coollng-not even water cool­ (3) TO be cognizant of the views of con- undertaken by New York state. ing-was poured into 10-gallon cans and set The most recent product of Governor down at the end of the driveway until the ~~e~ ~;~e ~:!.~~~:e~! :'a~~c;r'::tt~~-n- (4) TO truck would pick it up at 4 o'clock in the simplify, clarify and honor product Rockefeller's crash campaign against morning. The banging of the cans awakened warranties and guarantees. drug abuse is a publication entitled, me at that early hour. This was in Holland. (5) TO maximize the quality of product "Desk Reference on Drug Abuse." This In France the same thing. The only dl:trer­ servicing a.nd repairs and encourage their booklet is designed as a guide to assist ence was 5-gallon cans Instead of 10-gallon. fair pricmg. physicians and others engaged in emer- There seems to be a di:trerence between the nu!:~e~~ge~~~~:sd~~~i~~~~e:;!~~~~~ gency care to better diagnose and give ambitious Dutch and the more easygoing to the end that our ultimate goal is not only initial treatment to patients with acute French. strict legality, but honesty in all transac- drug intoxications and the acute com­ Though their milk barns were fairly clean, tions. plications of drug dependence. Copies are as were their cows, this lack o! refrigeration (7) TO properly educate sales personnel so being distributed free of charge by the is something the American farmer would not dream of getting by with. that they are familiar with product capa- New York Department of Health to all blllties and 11m1tatlons and are able to re- physicians, osteopaths, and health-care The same !or meat. In Montfoort, Holland, we went for a walk through the town at 9 sp(~~ ,:ge~~~~:Je !~s~~~~:e~~e~~~::tve professionals in the State. o'clock at night. Stopping at a slaughter­ information about products, services and the I commend Governor Rockefeller on bouse, we found the doors standing wide workings of the market place. his efforts to combat the rising wave of open. Just Inside was hanging the day's kill (9) TO facilitate the use of value compari- drug addiction in New York State, and of several hundred lambs--no refrigeration­ sons between various products. I urge him to continue in his endeavors just ws.lting for the trucks to take then to (10) TO provide effective channels for re- to rid this "monkey from our backs." Paris. ceiving and acting upon consumer complaints A few days later, in Paris, we visited a and suggestions. couple of butcher shops a.nd found several Adopted by the Board of Directors of the lamb carcasses, a couple of beef quarters, a.nd Virginia State Chamber of Commerce, July a side of pork hanging out In the open. The 10, 1970. DISASTROUS ADMINISTRATION meat looked kind of reddish a.nd dehydrated. ECONOMIC POLICIES Is that the kind of meat we want to eat? 'I'hll milk products we want to consume? NEW YORK STATE COMBATS DRUG CoR Bos. ABUSE HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX Minnesota. OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. MARTIN B. McKNEALLY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 5, 1970 OF NEW YORK CONSUMER RELATIONS CODE-VIR­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker, the latest eco­ GINIA STATE CHAMBER OF COM­ nomic statistics show a continuation of MERCE Monday, October 5, 1970 an economic phenomenon unparalleled Mr. McKNEALLY. Mr. Speaker, the in our history. Despite the shrill argu­ rapid spread of drug abuse, particularly ments to the contrary-from the Presi­ HON. WILLIAM B. SPONG, JR. among the Nation's youth, is one of the dent and the Vice President on down OF VIRGINIA most serious and tragic problems facing through the ranks of the administra­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES our society. We are all aware, I am sure, tion's bureaucracy to its lowliest junior Monday, October 5, 1970 of the gravity of the drug dilemma: that economist-the clear reading of the cold a growing number of young Americans statistical facts is just this-our econ­ Mr. SPONG. Mr. President, the Vir­ are seeking the answers to their perplex­ omy is in trouble. We have an "inflation­ ginia State Chamber of Commerce has ing frustrations in a bottle of pep pills, ary recession." It is a seeming contradic­ adopted a consumer relations code which that marihuana is as readily available on tion in conventional terms, as any econ­ is a model statement of business' re­ many college campuses a.s a package of omist would say. Yet, for some strange sponsibility to its customers. Increas­ cigarettes, and, most tragic of all, that on reason this is precisely how it must be ingly, the business community is coming the average, four people die each day in described because both the cost of living to recognize its self-interest in better New York City from overdoses of heroin. and unemployment are rising and show consumer relations and I am pleased that We are well acquainted with the grue­ little, if any, signs of subsiding. Virginia businessmen are leading the some statistics of drug addiction. The But we cannot deny the evidence, Mr. way in this regard. problem is well publicized-and right­ Speaker, that the Nixon administration I ask unanimous consent that the Vir­ fully so. policies have resulted in disastrous ginia State Chamber of Commerce's What is not as well known, however, shrinking of the buying power of the October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34955 wage-earner. These policies have sharply son administrations to hold down the through the media of the ballot boxes cut our national growth rate, crippled cost of living and to stabilize the econ­ and voting booths throughout the land our housing construction industry, re­ omy. The President's refusal to use even on November 3, I am confident that they duced our industrial output, and cur­ the moral power of his office to curb will reject both the smokescreen of dis­ tailed corporate profits-which, in turn, infiation was literally an invitation for unity and the Nixon-Agnew administra­ has reduced Federal and State tax reve­ big price increases in consumer goods, tion failures that this smokescreen seeks nues so desperately needed in such es­ raw materials, and durable goods such to hide from our citizens. sential areas as education, health serv­ as steel and other basic metals, auto­ ices, job training, welfare, slum clear­ mobiles, appliances, and other products. ance and public housing and similar Big industry took fur. advantage of the urban programs. President's invitation. CREATING DEFICITS NO SOLUTION These administration policies have Mr. Speaker, Democrats in Congress caused wide-spread hardships among our are under attack from administration people as a whole, but they have been political spokesmen with an eye toward HON. GEORGE A. GOODLING most severely felt by those at the middle the November elections as being big OF PENNSYLVANIA and lower income levels. America's sen­ spenders. This is not a new charge; and, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ior citizens and those living on pensions as in previous cases, the charge is false. Monday, October 5, 1970 and other types of fixed income have It ignores the uncontroverted fact that Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, for a been particularly hard hit. The disad­ this Democratically controlled Congress long time we, as a Nation, have been on vantaged among our citizens, desperately actually cut the Nixon-Agnew admin­ a big spending spree, creating budget seeking a way to share in America's eco­ istration budget requests by over $6 bil­ nomic affluence of the 1960's, have been deficits right and left. lion in last year's session and is continu­ Our problems still remair., and we have the victim:: of false hope and promises of ing that record this session. Congress, not equal opportunity and a better life. The inherited the whirlwind of infiation, and the President, imposed a spending ceil­ it is quite apparent that we cannot spend administration's set of national prior­ ing on the Federal budget in 1969-de­ ities continues to put arms, machines spite objections of the administration. our problems to death. An article writ­ and weapons systems above food, hous­ ten by Mr. Casper W. Weinberger, At the same time, this Democratic Con­ Deputy Director, Office of Management ing, equal job opportunities, and health gress has rejected administration efforts services that our people so badly need. to cut back essential funds for education, and Budget, gives cogent consideration Mr. Speaker, economic policies of the to this truth and appeared in the Octo­ clean water, housing, and health pro­ ber 5, 1970, issue of the Washington Post. Nixon-Agnew administration have grams, and have forced reductions 1n caused the greatest increase in unem­ wasteful defense spending in an effort Because of its appropriateness, I intro­ ployment in this country in more than to accomplish a much needed reordering duce this article in the RECORD and com­ a decade. The rate of unemployment of our critical domestic spending priori­ mend it to the attention of my colleagues: has almost doubled. The number of un­ ties. Yet, the administration's political CREATING DEFICITS No SOLUTION employed has risen from 2.6 million, spokesmen continue to repeat the big­ (By Casper W. Weinberger) 3.3 percent, when President Nixon took spender charge and continue the false Recently, many proposals have been m ade office to more than 4.2 million, 5.2 per­ allegation that somehow Federal spend­ !n the Congress and elsewhere which In­ cent. If we consider those who are no ing for schools, pollution control, hos­ volve substantial expenditures by the federal longer seeking employment because of pitals, health, housing, and other essen­ government, far !n excess of the administra­ tion's budget requests and also far In excess long periods of frustration and discour­ tial services is infiationary and must be of any reasonable estimate of even the agement at ever finding a job, the fig­ cut. At the same time the administration revenues that would be produced !f we were ure is much higher. It is also four to proposes that we spend hundreds of at full employment in the current year. six times higher than the national aver­ millions of tax dollars to develop for Those making these proposals have been age among young people of minority private exploitation the supersonic trans­ strongly encouraged by certain theorists who groups in my own city of Philadelphia port-ssT-plane and to bail out private have insisted that a substantial deficit !n and in other cities throughout the Na­ companies such as Lockheed for their the federal budget is desirable. While this short-term fiscal pol!cy may tion. bungling of the C-5A cargo plane con­ yield some immediate benefits, I would like During the first 18 months of the tract with the Air Force, or the Penn to suggest some dangers involved in pro­ Nixon-Agnew administration, the De­ Central Railroad for its mismanagement. posals that will raise the already high level of partment of Labor's Consumer Price Mr. Speaker, the American people will government spending !n an attempt to pro­ Index rose by 11.1 points-almost double not be fooled by the obvious attempt duce a deficit ... the increase during the preceding 18 of the Nixon-Agnew administration to Obviously, there may be times of severe months. Interest rates have reached their cover up its economic failures and its depression, or war, when !t !s necessary, either highest levels in more than a hundred callous disregard of the public interest. to prevent human su1fer!ng, to create employ­ ment, or to survive as a country, for the na­ years. The average worker's pay check It will not be fooled by the smokescreen tional government to spend large sums of will buy less today than it did 5 years of disunity being spread over the land money--even more than !t receives. However, ago, despite "paper increases" in hourly by the Vice President, who, at a time because of the serious Implications of in­ wages. Food prices have skyrocketed, as when all Americans need and want unity creases in government spending programs, !t any housewife can testify. Hamburger of purpose in this troubled world, seeks seems to me that those who have the respon­ has gone up 15 percent during the past to divide and disrupt us. He seeks to s!b!l!ty for the federal budget should make year and a half; pork has increased 1n pit one economic group against an­ every effort to try to keep expenditures down and avoid courting deficits for fiscal reasons price by 17 percent; instant coffee has other; one race against another; the except !n rare cases. risen 15 percent, and fresh fruits and hawks against the doves; the hard hats Without the exercise of the most severe vegetables have gone up by some 8 per­ against the student radicals; and sub­ restraints, we would have unl!m!ted govern­ cent; bread and dairy products-essen­ urbanites against the city dwellers. ment spending and a deficit every year. Noth­ tials 1n any home--have risen by 6 per­ Nothing could be more un-American, I Ing !s easier to produce than a government cent. submit, Mr. Speaker, than this system­ deficit ... But in doing so, we should bear This is not political rhetoric, Mr. atic effort to destroy the unity of Amer­ !n mind the following considerations: Speaker. These are harsh realisms of the ica. Nothing could be more destructive First, government spending above the of our national interest. Nothing could revenues that would come in !f we were at marketplace with which every family full employment causes deficits which pro­ must deal every day. It is also a harsh be further from President Nixon's cam­ paign pledge of 2 years ago "to bring us duce Inflation. We had three years of such reality that the Nixon-Agnew admin­ deficits on a vastly increasing scale under istration has failed the American people together." President Johnson, culminating In a $25 by its refusal to use the legal tools pro­ I have confidence 1n the judgment of bill!on monster in 1968. It is apparent that vided by Congress to place restraints on the American people to see through this those three years of total lack of fiscal It smokescreen of desperation that 1s pol­ restraint are the principal cause of the interest rates, wages, and prices. has !nfiat!on that is only now finally being also failed to use the Executive infiuence luting the political atmosphere as we reversed ... to seek wage and price guidelines that draw closer to the November elec­ Secondly, because under the b!g spending were used during the Kennedy and John- tion. When the American people speak theory only spending matters, no one worries C:XVI--2201-Part 26 34956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 much about what the spending is for. If you South, I include the editorial in the TRIBUTE TO THE LATE HON. think that the rate of spencUng, not the RECORD: MAURICE T. WEBB object, is the key factor, the chances are you JUDGING THE SOUTH wlll not get much for your money except deficits. A careful assessment of national The preponderantly peaceful spread of HON. JOHN J. FLYNT, JR. priorities is cUscouraged, and many programs school integration across the South last week of questionable merit are introduced. was a tribute to the often maligned people OF GEORGIA of that section and to some degree a vincUca­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And once started, the flow of federal ex­ tion of the Administration's often maligned pencUtures, like a river breaking its levees, is Monday, October 5, 1970 virtually impossible to stop. A pilot project policies. It would be foolish to expect that the school integration question will now dis­ Mr. FLYNT. Mr. Speaker, it is with a normally turns into an essential program in appear from the national agenda, but there three years; it becomes an urgent priority in is at least some hope it can now be ap­ feeling of personal loss that I pay trib­ three years more. The distance from an proached with a greater measure of good will ute to the memory of a devoted personal urgent priority to an untouchable sacred cow on all sides. friend and dedicated fellow member of is usually no more than five fiscal years ... We were rather cUsturbed a few weeks ago the American Legion, Hon. Maurice T . That programs of value only to special to receive a mailing from a prestigious Webb, who died September 20, 1970. interests may become permanent parts of the Southern newspaper, opposing an integra­ budget is bad enough in itself. It is worse "Spider" Webb's diligent work in Le­ tion plan that went beyond freedom of gion activities at all levels, beginning at still when the funding of these programs re­ choice. The ecUtors talked of "Appomattox," sults in a lack of flexibility in the budget so and said the Supreme Court has wrought Post 57, Newnan, Ga., and throughout that bold, imaginative, new programs, like "Orwellian changes in pupil assignments in his service as director of the National the Family Assistance Plan, which require the past 16 years." Americanism Division in Indianapolis, money to overcome problems newly perceived, Now we find, in that very same city and Ind., exemplified a dedication of his cannot be adequately financed. under that very same plan, Virginia Gover­ genuine and sincere belief in the prin­ In short, big spencUng and creating a deficit nor Linwood Holton Jr. bringing his 13-year­ for the purposes of short-term fiscal policy ciples upon which this country was old daughter to her first day at a largely founded. He was most particularly inter­ determines In practice the funcUng levels of black school. This splendid example, from real programs for years to come. The result a !amlly that could certainly flee integration ested in young people, and to that end is not only useless, perhaps harmful, expendi­ if it desired, set the tone in that city as other exercised every given opportunity to con­ tures in future years, but also a substantial responsible leaders set it throughout the re­ tribute his energies and talents to Legion loss of control over fiscal policy itself. If a gion. Regardless of occasional emotional out­ programs benefiting our American youth. surplus should ever be fiscally desirable, It bursts, the white people of the South have Patty joins me and the members of my may be impossible to produce. in fact come a long way toward recogn1zing staff in extending our sympathy to his But the wurst of all the effects produced the principle the Court enunciated 16 years by encouraging deficits through the institu­ wife, Frances, to their son, Marty, to his ago. mother and father, Mr. and Mrs. W. T. tion of expensive programs is the steady This is true even though a realistic ob­ growth of government with its consequent server will expect setbacks in the newly inte­ Webb, and to other members of his fam­ increase of government power, and its equally grated schools. No doubt some of them wlll ily who survive him. "Spider" will long consequent decrease in incUvidualfreedom. be resegregated by white flight, and no doubt remain in our memory and the memory Since 1960, tax receipts for all levels of some of them are more integrated in name of all who have known him as a very government have increased !rom about $70 billion to over $300 billion. The percentage of than in fact. Violence could still erupt as proud American who did more than his the net (not the gross) national product more districts are integrated this week. Cer­ part to make our United States a better going to government at all levels has in­ tainly problems remain, especially in large place in which to live. creased from about 24 per cent to 35 per cent. Southern cities where segregated schools re­ I am confident the personal loss I feel In other wurds, all of us, on the average, flect housing patterns just as they do in Northern cities. is shared by his multitude of friends are devoting more than one-third of our throughout the United States who came productive efforts to paying for government. The Supreme Court will start hearings in October on cases that will shed some light to know "Spider" through American Le­ By the year 2000 we may be spending more gion activities. The feeling of loss by his than half our time paying for government. Is on the legal states of the massive busing this necessary or desirable? that would be required to integrate schools fellow Georgia Legionnaires is most ap­ The more government spends, the more in such districts. We think the question can­ propriately expressed in the September power and authority it has to have to enable not be satisfactorily resolved by either a fta.t 1970 issue of the Georgia Legionnaire it to carry out its expancUng role. But as that integration must occur no matter how and follows: much busing it takes, or by a flat that no governmental power grows, individual free­ MAll'RICE T. WEBB DIES AT NEWNAN dom, the power of each incUvidual to make chlld will ever be bused to further integra.­ sign11lcant decisions concerning his own . tion. A rough scale seems necessary, a.nd we Maurice T. "Spider" Webb, one of The present and future, necessarily is narrowed. worry because Court decisions often do not American Legion's most dedicated workers, And that is why I believe those in charge lend themselves to that kind of resolution, passed away suddenly at his home in Newnan of government budgets should exert every but we hope that greater clarity wlll result. on Sunday, September 20. eJfort to keep government spending down, In its executive policies, the Nixon Admin­ Spider's ded4catdon to the Legion is almost and thus to dlmintsh the need for more and istration has been seeking a type of balance legendary and his efforts made a lastln& im­ higher taxes, with the goal of freeing all of that would allow Integration to proceed pression on many facets of the Legion. He us to exercise more of our abilities for pro­ without punitive overtones toward the white served in many official capacities but his ductive efforts of our own choosing, and to South. In certain particulars we think it has day to day support of the basic programs make more of our own decisions, and thus leaned a little too far to soothe Southerners was his outstanding attribute. gulde our own lives more nearly as we desire and eventually win their votes. Generally it Joining Newnan Post 57 soon after dis­ them to be. has readjusted these particulars, though, and charge from World War n mllitary service, on the whole Its delicate balancing act is he served that post in many offices including sensible and even courageous. It will please post Commander. He then moved up through JUDGING THE SOUTH no one completely. the chairs in the old Fourth District and The Administration's policies have been served most capably as District Commander. attacked by civil rights leaders Impatient at He then served as Department Jr. Vice Com­ HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN the always slow pace of human change, by mander. He was most active in Child Wel­ OF ILLINOIS those who sincerely believe racial quotas are fare work during this time. He served several IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the only solution, a.nd by those who want to years as Department Child Welfare Chair­ punlsh the white South in the name of their man. He then served as Area "C" chairman. Monday, October 5, 1970 own virtue. On the other side, it is by no The area is composed of the 14 southern Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, in a means clear Southerners wlll now give Mr. states. Later he became National Child Wel­ Nixon their moral and electoral support in fare Chairman. He served as Department recent editorial entitled "Judging the return for policies that do not hold the Adjutant from 1958 to 1960. South," the Wall Street Journal refers South to higher standards than the rest of In 1963 he was named Director of the Na­ to the delicate balance sought by the the nation. tional Americanism Division in Indianapolis, Nixon administration regarding inte­ Still, the Nixon a.pproach has been based IncUana. He served In that capacity untU this gration of Southern schools as "sensible on a calculation that despite the years of year when he resigned due to health reasons. and even courageous" and states that foot-dragging the white South is not with­ He had recently been employed as State Field the "peaceful start suggests that for all out a meaningful reservoir of good wlll, a.nd Representative for the U.S. Brewers Associa­ the complaints the administration may a.t this point removing the punitive over­ tion, with his office in Atlanta. have judged pretty well." tones would tip the balance toward rather Survivors include the wife, Mrs. Frances than away from acceptance of integration. McWaters Webb, son and daughter-In-law, As I believe my colleagues would be Last week's peaceful start suggests that for Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Martin (Marty) Webb, interested in the Wall Street Journal's all the complaints the Administration may and grandson, Michael Thomas Webb, of East analysis of school integration in the have judged pretty well. Point; parents, Mr. and Mrs. W. T. Webb, October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34957 Madras, Ga.; and sister, Mrs. A. G. Arrowood, asked a number of experts in economics and know that our economy is strong and Sharpsburg. political science to discuss with this sub­ resilient. And they know that their pub­ Funeral services were held from the chapel committee the various Issues and alternatives lic utterances are being done for political or the McKoon Funeral Home, Newnan, on involved 1n such regional planning efforts. September 22, at 11 :00 a.m. with a multitude Members or the Subcommittee on Urban effect. Although to some it might appear of friends in attendance. In addition to many Affairs Subcommittee are: to be ironic that those who order men quit work are complaining about un­ fellow members of Post 57 and the Sixth Dis­ REPRESENTATIVES to trict, many other Legion members from over employment, that is the nature of the Richard Bolling (D-Mo.), Chairman. the state, as well as out of st ate, were 1n political game today, and these union attendance. Department Commander C. B. HenryS. Reuss (D-Wis.). Martha W. Griffiths (D-Mich.). leaders are just following the party line. Burke headed the Legion group from Georgia So, the American public should take and Past National Commander J immie Pow­ WilliamS. Moorhead (D-Pa.). ers represented the National organization, in William B. Wldnall (R-N.J.) . with a grain of salt all the gloom and addition to his role as a close personal friend. W. E. Brock ill (R-Tenn.). doom talk going on across the aisle and Pallbearers were David Stripling, Larry Clarence J . Brown (R-Ohlo). remember that big unions don't strike Coggin, W. D. Harrell, George Osborne, G. SENATORS if things are really in a downturn. W. Coggin and Aaron Keheley. Legionnaires Abraham Riblcoff (D-Conn.). served as honorary pallbearers. Int erment was William Proxmire (D-Wis.) . in Oak Hill Cemetery. Jacob K. Javits (R-N.Y.) . Deepest sympathy is ext ended to the fam­ Charles H. Percy (R-Dl.). FIGHTING BOMB THREATS Ily of this outstanding American. Schedule of hearings on regional planning Issues-October 13-15, 1970: Tuesday, October 13 HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE Alan Altshuler, Professor of Political Sci­ OF MISSOURI CHAIRMAN RICHARD BOLLING AN­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NOUNCES HEARINGS ON REGION­ ence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Monday, October 5, 1970 AL PLANNING ISSUES BY THE Alan Campbell, Dean, Maxwell Graduate SUBCOMMITTEE ON URBAN AF­ School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, in view FAIRS Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York. of the current concern with bombing, the VIctor Jones, Professor of Political Science, following article from the Christian University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Science Monitor offers some assistance: HON. RICHARD BOLLING California. FIGHTING BOMB THREATS OF MISSOURI Wednesday, October 14 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VIctor Fisher, Director, Institute for Social, (By a staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor} Monday, October 5, 1970 Economic and Government Research, Uni­ versity of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. What do you do In case of a bomb threat? Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, the Sub­ Daniel R. Grant, President, Ouachita Bap­ This Is a question to which an Increasing committee on Urban Mairs of the tist University, Arkadelphia, Arkansas. number of businesses, hospitals, educational House-Senate Joint Economic Commit­ Selma Mushkln, Director of Public Services, institutions, Industries, and governments are tee is continuing its studies concerning Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. having to find answers. 15 1969, Thursday, October 15 In the months from January, to economic and social problems affecting April, 1970, recorded bomb threats totaled our urban communities. As chairman of James Alexander, Director, Otlice of Com­ 35,000 1n the United States. At least one well­ the subcommittee, I have scheduled munity Services, District of Columbia Gov­ known company experienced 18 threats In a public hearings on regional planning ernment. one-year period. October 13, 14, 15, beginning at 10 a .m., Richard Burton, The Urban Institute, Assembled In Boston were more than 1,000 Washington, D.C. of the nation's top security supervisors to to hear nine experts in the fields of eco­ John Bebout, Professor, University of nomics and political science discuss issues discuss the mounting concern about "law Houston, Houston, Texas. and order" .and the latest problems and ad­ and alternatives involved in regional All sessions will begin at 10:00 a.m. In the vancements In the security field. planning efforts. Atomic Energy Committee Hearing Room Speaking 1n a panel on "Bomb Threats and Detailed information is contained in (S-407) in the Capitol. Personnel Safety," Jervis P. Fox Jr., chief of the following news release announcing the Industrial Defense Branch, Otlice of the the hearings: Provost Marshal General of the Army, out ­ CHAIRMAN RICHARD BoLLING ANNOUNCES lined considerations and steps to be taken In HEARINGS ON REGIONAL PLANNING ISSUES BY BIG UNIONS DO NOT STRIKE IF case of an actual bomb threat. THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON URBAN AFFAIRS THINGS ARE REALLY IN A DOWN­ In advance, people in charge of a company TURN or building should know whether the local Representative Richard Bolling (D-Mo.), police or fire department has a bomb-disposal Chairman of the Subcommittee on Urban Af­ unit. A number do not. An alternative would fairs of the Joint Economic Committee, today be to check with the nearest military ord­ announced that the Subcommittee will hold HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL nance disposal unit. public hearings on regional planning issues OJ' ILLINOIS COMMAND CENTER SUGGESTED on October 13-14-15. In announcing the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hearings Chairman Bolling said: Another important measure, the military "All studies of the critical economic and so­ Monday, October 5, 1970 chief advised, is to have some place desig­ cial problems affecting our urban communi­ nAted as a command center from which all ties-and rural ones a.s well as far as that Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I note that orders would be Issued In an emergency. This goes-reveal that measures to deal with these there is much discussion in the public Is normally where the switchboard Is located. problems almost Invariably require actions prints by union bosses and the Demo­ The security specialist recommended that cutting across the boundaries or numerous cratic Party about the unemployment otliclals check with local telephone com­ local political jurisdictions. In the last cen­ rate. Despite their public utterances I panies on the ava!labillty of inexpensive re­ tury the major solution to this problem was am certain that the leaders of organized corder-connector equipment. Such devices to incorporate adjacent suburban areas into labor must have great faith that our can be activated by switchboard operators to the central city. An alternative was to orga­ economy is on the way up to go ahead record every word of threatening calls. Alert­ nize multi-Jurisdictional authorities. Recent­ ness and preparedness on the operator's part ly ot her devices have been tried. It is import­ with massive strikes. The union bosses also may help In tracing the call. ant that we reach an understanding of how know their economics. The fact that they It a bomb threat should be received, some­ we can adapt our political structures to facil­ have chosen to go ahead with a strike one will have to weigh the alternatives and itat e planning to solve economic and social which throws thousands out of work, is decide whether to evacuate or not. problems on whatever regional basis proves in fact a vote of confidence in the Nixon Once a company or concern has set a prec­ desirable in a part icular case, but at the same administration's economic policies. edent by evacuation, Mr. Fox warned, "It time retain a maximum of local and even If they really thought the economy was opens the way to being constantly harassed neighborhood political power. Grass roots by threatening calls, which will cut down on democracy Is essential to all good planning­ in trouble, they wouldn't risk the jobs of work time and cost money. You are the particularly successful implementation or thousands of union workers by calling establishment--and they will harass you plans after they have been formulated and them out on a strike that could cause any way they can," he stressed. approved." permanent shutdowns. They know that "Government buildings receive bomb For these reasons the Subcommittee has the Nixon policies are working. They threats like going out to lunch," Mr. Fox 34:958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 asserted. "But there is not too much evacua­ Write your Congressman and tell him change, that they lead to an anarchy which ting." what not to do !or you, what not to give you. carries man backward through the centuries LIABILITY INVOLVED Tell him all you want of him is a solvent to the rule of tang and claw. America which lives within its income, what­ Should that happen, all is lost, including What is important, he added, is to know the ever that may be. Make sure he knows you most tragically those just causes !or change legal llab111ties in case of injuries. mean it. And tell him there isn't much time. which can be elfected by peaceful means. The search for bombs generally bas to be conducted by the company itself. The police or fi re department, in most cases, will not be responsible for the search of private build­ Ings. NIXON REMINDS THE NATION EV­ STALLING ON JOB SAFETY "Start with the most critical areas first, ERYONE LOSES IN RULE OF those which if destroyed would put you out JUNGLE of business," Mr. Fox advised . "Use super­ HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER visors or people who work in that area in the OF WISCONSIN search, they know it better than anyone HON. CHESTER L. MIZE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES else." OF KANSAS As for search techniques: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 5, 1970 Be on the lookout !or co=on objects-­ thermos bottles or lunch buckets-where Monday, October 5, 1970 Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, the Washington Post in an edi­ they don't normally appear. Search waste­ Mr. MIZE. Mr. Speaker, in a recent baskets. torial on October 3 perceptively com­ Don't touch suspicious objects. Set up editorial, the Sacramento, Calif., Bee has mented upon the reasons for the unfor­ sandbags or mattresses around it, if they commended the President for his speech tunate delay in the House consideration are available, but not metal shields or objects at Kansas State University. Terming Mr. of occupational health and saft:ty that could shatter in an explosion. Nixon's statement "moderate and rea­ legislation. Notify employees to evacuate the building soned," the Bee said it dealt with the I am sure, Mr. Speaker, that many in by some prearranged signal, preferably dlffer­ heart of the democratic system which ent from a fire alarm. (Closing windows and provides for change through peaceful the House have read with interest the doors as for a fire drill only increases the Im­ means. articles by Morton Mintz of the Post pact of an explosion.) on this subject, and I urge everyone to As the Bee is often critical of the carefully review the Post editorial which PROCEDURE OUTLINED President, I believe my colleagues would Evacuate employees on upper stories first particularly appreciate reading "Nixon I have included at the end of my remarks. (all ftoors at once if there are no egress prob­ Reminds the Nation Everyone Loses in The editorial and the Mintz articles lems) because the structure above the ex­ Rule of Jungle." are pr,rticularly revealing with regard to plosion will receive more damage. The editorial follows: the behind the scenes politics which have Use stairs instead of elevators. taken place to try to delay or prevent the Have employees stay well clear o! the build­ 1From the Sacramento (Calif.) Bee, House from voting on the substitute bill, ings. Sept. 18, 1970 j H.R. 19200, which the gentleman from Simple security measures may well prevent NIXON REMINDS THE NATION EVERYONE LoSES Florida (Mr. SIKES) and I have offered the need to ever evacuate a building, Mr. Fox IN RULE OF JUNGLE to the DANIELS' bill, H.R. 16785. To their suggested. President Richard Nixon's speech at Kan­ credit both the chairman of the Educa­ Access to the company by photo-identity sas State UnivP.rslt.y, denouncing the swelllng cards, strict supervision of keys to entrances, tides of terror and violence in the United tion and Labor Committee,- Mr. PERKINS, and secure padlocking of openings like man­ States, was a needed reminder of the funda­ and the chairman of the Select Labor hole coverings and utility wall panelings mental basis of a democratic society. That Subcommittee and main sponsor of H.R. were a few of the preventative procedures he basis is a system which embraces peaceful 16785, Mr. DANIELS, requested an open reco=ended. change. rule, making our Substitute in order on "Don't forget, if a company evacuates It was a moderate and reasoned statement, the floor, and the Rules Committee once-and sends everyone home-it Is liable threaded through with historical perspective granted this. Other forces at work, how­ to have a. bomb threat every Friday noon as to the purpose of a free, self-governing !rom someone who wants a long weekend." people. It is the very point of democracy that ever, have done their best from the it replaces the rule of a tyrannical or dic­ markup sessions to the present to stall tatorial minority, a. minority rule which !rom House consideration of this matter. the time of the caves and jungle and the It is regrettable, in fact tragic, that NEEDED-THE GUTS TO SAY NO feudal- barons imposed its will on the ma­ power politics are being played to stall jority by force or violence. an equitable, strong, effective proposal The heart of the democratic system is to from being considered by this body. The provide the means for change without the HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN imposition o! violence. Hence, as the Presi­ President has requested action time after OF NEW HAMPSHIRE dent suggested, terror and violence lead only time and the death and accident rates in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the jungle tyranny of the minority. our Nation's workplaces demand action. I Nixon told his audience: sincerely hope that this body will act as Monday, October 5, 1970 " The time has come for us to recognize soon as possible. that violence and terror have no place in a Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, the great­ (From the Washington Post, Oct. 3, 1970] est single problem the United States free society, whoever the perpetrators and faces is fiscal. Unless this country con­ whatever their purported cause. In a system STALLING ON JOB SAFETY that provides the means for peaceful change, You would not expect even the most cal­ fines its spending to its revenues it will no cause justifies violence in the name of lous doctors fritter away time arguing over be only a matter of time until nobody's change." the best way to save a dying patient while dollars will be worth the paper they are The President emphasized he did not wish the blood drains !rom his veins. Yet poli­ printed on. to stifte peaceful dissent, that he would ticians and labor lobbies are doing just that I believe it is a basic responsibility of not "for one moment call for a dull, passive in the case of the crucial job safety bill. the Congress of the United States to re­ conformity." But he reminded advocates of Each year, by low estimate, 14,500 Americans quire this by law in the absence of de­ change: are killed by work-related accidents, 2.2 mil­ "There are those who protest that if the lion are disabled. No politician or labor clared war. It is a simple thing to do­ verdict of democracy goes against them de­ leader would ever say that he favors death like most great things-but it requires mocracy itself is at fault---who say that if and injuries among the nation's 80 million the determination, the will to do it, and they don't get their way the answer Is to workers. Yet the stalling and pettiness of a the guts to say no to a lot of pork, as burn a. bus or bomb a building ... No one few of them say exactly that. Far !rom the well as to many worthwhile things that can have his own way all the time; and no scenes of gore that are loudly decried, It must be deferred until we have the reve­ one is right all the time." appears that the parties in the dispute are nue coming in to pay for them. The President's message olfered timely so deadlocked that the legislation may not Wamer & Swasey Co., as usual, have leadership in directions for a. nation caught pass at all. in the turmoil of change, change which has The position of the A~IO, which does put their finger on the problem with an been swift and has stirred unprecedented not even have an industrial safety depart­ excellent message in this week's U.S. problems. ment, is mul!shly firm: unless the Secretary News & World Report. I commend this It was a critically needed reminder to all of Labor has final power to set and enforce message to the thoughtful consideration segments ot American society that terror and safety standards, then no law should be of every American: violence defeat every hope for reasoned passed. The House and Senate b1lls-pro- October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34959 posed by Rep. Daniels and Sen. Harrison Wil­ FAVORABLE REPORTS ON NIXON'S duced the swarms of moral misfits who afllict liams-are largely agreeable to the AFL-CIO. RECENT SPEECH AT KANSAS our society llke moblle cancer cells tOday. But compromise legislation was devised to STATE UNIVERSITY They are in a minority, but so, at the out­ gain Republican support. It would empower set, are the mallgnant cells that can dest roy an independent board to set and enforce a healthy bOdy. standards, rather than the Labor Depart­ As the President said, "What corrodes a ment. For the workers, the compromise HON. JOHN T. MYERS society even more than violence itself is the meant a. hope that the killing and maiming OF INDIANA acceptance of violence, the condoning of would be decreased. What does It mean if the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terror, the excusing of Inhuman acts in a standards are set and enforced by the Labor misguided effort to accommOdate the com­ Department or by a President-appointed Monday, October 5, 1970 munity's standards to those of the violent board? Mr. MYERS. Mr. Speaker, many of my few. The AFL-CIO, always touchy when its "For when this happens, the community power seems remotely threatened, knows it colleagues on both sides of the-aisle have commented favorably on President sacrifices more than its calm, and more even could more easily pressure the Labor De­ than Its safety. It loses its Integrity and cor­ partment than the board. To its credit, the Nixon's recent speech at Kansas State rupts Its soul." Nixon administration has been flexible and University. The subject of campus unrest Mr. Nixon Is absolutely right. The response fair in accepting compromises. The high is one of national concern, and I com­ of decent Americans should be nation-wide hopes of Democrats and Republicans In get­ mend the President for speaking out and highly personal. They should use all of ting out a bill, however, are now blocked by forcefully on this issue. the moral force and legal means they can the AFL-CIO, the one group that should be I think perhaps the Indianapolis Star muster to maintain, where it exists, and most concerned about worker safety. restore, where it is lacking, the rule of rea­ It Is another story for another time as to summed it up as well as anyone when, in son In family life, In private circles, in why the AFL-CIO can tie up the United commenting on the President's remarks neighborhood, church, school, community States Congress in this manner. Perhaps It on the resUlts not only of violence but also and university. is asking too much, but nothing would help of the condoning of violence, it editorial­ The time to do it is now. more than for the involved Democrats to ized that- politely tell the AFL-CIO to stick to running the unions, not the Congress. The response of decent Americans should [From the Cincinnati Enquirer, Sept. 18, be nation-wide and highly personal. They 1970] should use all of the moral torce and legal means they can muster to maintain, where A KEYNOTE FOR COMMON SENSE It exists, and restore, where It is lacking, the Not many Americans could have watched REV. RAYMOND FRANCIS rule of reason In family life, in private circles, or heard President Nixon's speech at Kansas COPELAND, S.J. in neighborhood, church, school, community State University this week without denying and university. The time to do it is now. a wholesome measure of encouragement not only for the academic year now getting un­ HON. DON EDWARDS Along with the editorial from the derway, but also for the future of the na­ OF CALIFORNIA Indianapolis Star, I include for the REc­ tion itself. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ORD a representative selection of edi­ In many respects, the audience Mr. Nixon torials of other reputable newspapers in faced Wednesday afternoon was a microcosm Monday, October 5, 1970 our Nation. of the university community generally. The forces of disruption were amply repre­ Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. [From the Indianapolis Star, Sept. 21, 1970] sented in the form of between 25 and 50 Speaker, I would like to take this oppor­ FEn UP WrrH VIOLENCE hecklers who hurled insults and obscenities tunity to pay my respects to an outstand­ President Richard M. Nixon was voicing the at the President. But the succession of stand­ ing teacher and community leader, The thoughts and feel!ngs of most Americans, we ing ovations accorded the President, as he Reverend Raymond Francis Copeland, are confident, when he called for "an un­ spoke out for the rule of law, for the wlll­ S.J., of the University of Santa Clara, compromising stand against those who reject ingness to listen, for ordinary responslblllty who celebrated his 50th year in the Jesuit the rules of clvll!zed conduct." on the part of university administrators, Order in September. We wholeheartedly agree with him that faculty members and students, suggested "The time has come for us to recognize that that there Is In the universities, as In so­ Father Copeland began his long as­ ciety generally, a hitherto sllent majority sociation with the University of Santa violence and terror have no place In a free society, whoever the perpetrators and what­ committed to decency. Clara as a student in 1919. The following ever their purported cause." Mr. Nixon detailed the extent to which the year, he entered the Society of Jesus at It was typical of our distempered times cancerous disease of violence and terror has the Novitiate in Los Gatos, Calif., and in that on the very day Mr. Nixon dellvered his gripped America in only five weeks' time­ 1934 he was ordained to the priesthood. speech at Manhattan, Kan., an armed man the pollee officers and firemen who have An Army chaplain during World War who reportedly had threatened to klll Vice­ been targets for assasslnatlo.n, the public II, he served with the 45th Thunderbird President Spiro T. Agnew was arrested at buildings that have been dynamited, the Division and Gen. William F. Dean's 44th Grand Rapids, Mich., across the street from a fruits of years of research that have been hotel where the Vice-President was scheduled destroyed. These, he said, are manifestations Division through six campaigns in the of a malady that has no place in Amer­ European theater between 1942 and 1945. to address a dinner. Violence has become an obsession on the ica. From 1945 to 1948, he was a reserve chap­ American scene. Whatever the cause, there is No cause, he went on, justifiea violence lain and from 1948-54, he served as chap­ a cult of violence-a motley collection of in the name of change. lain for the California National Guard, sects that practice and preach it. They are a Mr. Nixon reaffirmed his commitment to 49th Infantry Division. In 1955, he was decided minority in our population, yet they continue scallng down the U.S. commitment appointed State chaplain of the Ameri­ have polluted, and continue to pollute the In Vietnam, to utll!ze the combined resources can Legion, and State chaplain of the moral quality of American life. of business and government to restore the California National Guard. He continued The cultists profess to believe that vio­ wholesomeness of the environment, to dram­ lence is the only way to bring about progress atize what is right with the nation and to in the latter post until he returned to in our society. This claim is pure nonsense. seek to correct what Is wrong. fulltime teaching at Santa Clara in 1959. The means to progress are hard thinking and These are things that any university stu­ Father Copeland's teaching years at hard work, and they always will be. dent body is pleased to hear. Santa Clara have been completed in four It is true that soclety-{)r at least a part But Mr. Nixon's purpose in going to Kan­ periods, from 1927 to 1929; 1936 to 1942; of it-is to blame, in certain speclflc ways, sas State, we suspect, was to challenge the 1945 to 1954 and 1959 to the present. In for the widespread moral breakdown we are responsible educators and students to stand 1964, he was named religious superior witnessing. The blame rests on permissive up for their rights-the right to pursue truth, of the Jesuit community at the univer­ parents and on those educators and church­ the right to study, the right to hear. In sity, a post he continued in until 1969. men who have falled to teach them the effect, the President sounded a keynote for simplest differences between right and the common sense that most Americans hope In addition to teaching, Father Cope­ wrong and falled to Instill in them self­ land served 2 years as director of the control and respect for the rights of others. will govern the colleges and universities dur­ university summer session, 1960 and And further blame lies on permissive courts ing the academic sea,son ahead. 1961, and is the moderator of the uni­ which, out of misguided compassion or false The nation has seen how few anarchists it versity's award winning debate team. reasoning, fail to punish those who go takes to cow and close a great university and wrong and are convicted of wanton acts of on what tenuous grounds that insidious mis­ It is comforting to know that our coun­ destruction and criminality. sion can be accomplished. try has produced so fine an educator as Thus countless personal, human !allures The question is whether the great major­ Father Copeland. His unselfish interest over the years-most of them probably com­ ity of educators who want to teach and of in the education of young people reas­ mitted by individuals who llghtly shrugged students who want to learn will allow them­ sures me that our future is secure. off responslbillty for their defaults-pro- selves to be intimidated into acquiescence. 34960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970

We should like to believe that the young pies which must prevaU It freedom Is to be decency of conduct in both private and pub­ people of Kansas State University answered had In any community, whether it be a col­ lic affairs. tor their fellow students in every corner of lege campus or a whole nation. He chose that setting, an occasion by which America. The first of these extremely simple but Kansas State annually honors former Gov. all-Important rules is that violence and Alf Landon, to enunciate anew his own doc­ (From the Birmingham News, Sept. 20, 1970) terror have no place whatever In a tree so­ trine-which is the doctrine of the vast ciety, whoever the perpetrators and whatever American majority, expressed in these words A TIMELY WARNING the cause. of a central paragraph: Last week President Nixon addressed an Equally Important, If not more so, is a com­ "The time has come for us to recognize audience of students-but his words were di­ munity which under no c!rcuznstances will that violence a.nd terror have no place in a rected toward the administrators and facul­ compromise with people who seek change or free society, whoever tbe perpetrators and ties ot the nation's universities a.nd colleges. advantage by any means other than non­ whatever their purported cause. In a system And It would behoove the men who run violent protest or the ballot box. that provides the means for peaceful change, higher education to listen to what he had It would seem that any intelligent student n'> cause justifies violence in the name of to say: or other American who values his freedom change." "To put it bluntly, today higher educa­ would know and understand these principles. With that thought uppermost--and em­ tion In America risks losing that essential Yet everywhere we find groups, in the name phasizing again that tbe very spirit of free­ support it has had since the beginning of of greater freedom, violently breaking the ..:om forbids assignment of the educational the country-the support of the American rules and--even worse-getting the passive responsibiUty to government--he said what people .. acquiescence or even fawning approval of reason concludes: That the obligation to "It is time for responsible university and some fashionable and Influential circles. maintain a climate of peace and decent con­ college adm!nfstrators, faculty and student Those last words are extracted from the duct and campus security, respectfUl ot the leaders to stand up and be counted. Only President's speech. It Is clear whom he rights of all, rests with the college adminis­ they can save higher education in America. meant--from timorous college presidents to trators, faculties, a.nd student organizations. It cannot be saved by government. Govern­ socialite contributors to the Black Panthers. The thousands who listened respectfully ment will move In and run it. To attempt What was left unsaid, but implied, was an­ attest to the decency of that majority; these to blame government for all the woes of the other all-important fact. same thousands, young and older, men and universities Is to seek an excuse, not a rea­ It Is that democracy-If disorder, violence women, showing their resentment of that son, for their troubles." and terror threaten its destruction by chaos-­ cadre who sought with noise and vulgarities Mr. Nixon was not engaging In Idle rheto­ not only has the right but the duty to pro­ to disgrace them. As ambitious young peo­ ric. Endowments of some of the most pres­ tect itself by all possible means. The Con­ ple, desirous of higher education to fit for tigious universities In the country are falling stitution guarantees no Uberty to commit worthy goals, they entertain no ideas that off sharply. A part of the blame for this lies subversion. the world in all its details is perfect ... or with fluctuations in the economy, which at­ This is a fact which the bell-raisers would that the United States of America bas no im­ feet investments universities, or anyone else, do well to consider, as the President obvi­ perfections. They heard Presid-ent Nixon ac­ have made. But the real pinch comes fr<>nl ously has considered it. Dissent a.nd protest knowledge these things. They also beard his this in combination with the simple refusal are the corner stones of democracy, when pledge to help maintain the things that are of many alumni to continue to support an non-violence, and even violence in a democ­ right, and to correct the things that are alma mater which they feel has gone astray. racy normally is treated with a minimum of wrong. Similarly, taxpayers grumble increasingly restraint. Of the things that are wrong, he unques­ loudly about the trustees and administrators But there is a limit. And It that lim!t is tionably Included the waves ot lawlessness to of public institutions of higher learning not passed on a national scale, a whole lot o! which a portion of yesterday's reference was being tougher with student disruption. Pub­ tog-headed student activists, drawing room made, and the student body just as unques­ lic optnlon polls show a rare and overwhelm­ revolutionaries, urban anarchists and worse tionably shared his view and his pledge. Ing consensus that college and university are going to learn to their surprise that Honoring the responsibUity ot steward­ admtnlstrations should take a flrmer hand In Uncle Sam can be tougher than anybOdy ship-a trust--the President is not one to dealing with student rowdies and destruction when it comes to the basic matter of sur­ stick his head in the sand where any prob­ artists. vival. lem is concerned, and hope that by being It is the voice of this majority which the ignored It wlll go away. President has heard and is recommending (From the Nashville Banner, Sept. 18, 1970) He faced the facts squarely in his diag­ that the educators pay heed to. He recog­ nosis-presented again yesterday, as he put nizes the increasing level of public frustra­ NIXON SPELLED IT OuT: NOISE CuLT CAN NOT SILENCE PROMPTINGS OP DECENCY it, IN the heart of America, a.nd TO the tion with terrorism, radicalism and disrup­ heart ot America. Because what the nation tion, and realizes the Increasing pressure That handful ot screaming hecklers seek­ bas In its heart, it can achieve by Its mind for somebody to do something about the ing to harass President Nixon in his speech and band. growing violence. yesterday before the Kansas state University He rang the bell. So Mr. Nixon's message to faculties and student bOdy, mustrated perfectly those por­ tions ot his text presenting the case specifi­ admtnlstrators was both a plea and a warn­ [From the Wichita Eagle, Sept. 18,1970) ing: Beware! Unite against violence and dis­ cally for law and order, and elementary order. It you do not, education in America decency, as the basis of clvll1zed conduct. NIXON MESSAGE NOT NEW BuT WORTH will suffer a grievous blow. It underscored more than that, however­ REPEATING The President obviously knows the bitter tor this tiny fragment of those present con­ There was little new in what President consequences which would result from the stituted an infinitesimal minority; a splin­ Nixon had to say to students and faculty kind of intrusion into campus freedom and ter segment, a drop in the ocean ot those members at Kansas State University, but his autonomy which could ensue. Colleges and In the audience-young men and women message can hardly be overemphasized. universities as we have known them and alike, an estimated 16,000, with enough re­ That message was that America Is afflicted valued them might not survive such an spect tor themselves, the institution, and the with a "cancerous disease" that is spreading Intrusion. President of the United States, to conduct violence and terror as a political tactic. But campus radicallsm is prOdding our themselves as gentlemen and ladies. "The time has come tor us to recognize society toward a resolution of this conflict. The latter, Irrespective ot age, reflect that that violence and terror bave no place in a We can only hope that faculty members Individual pride which, as Mr. Nixon sald, free society, whoever the perpetrators and and administrators and responsible student stands up to be counted against the arson­ whatever their purported cause. In a system leaders listened attentively to wh&t the ists and wrecking crews who seek in their that provides the means for peaceful cba.nge, President said. violent assaults to destroy not only the no cause justifies violence In the name of The voice of the majority Is getting louder academic system but tbe nation, itself. change," the President said. and more insistent. America knows by now the validity of his There can hardly be any quarrel with that. charge that the types of terrorism of which Nixon is right wben he says higher education (From the Seattle Post Intelllgencer, Sept. 20, he spoke are addreSSed to that overthrow In America risks losing the support ot the 1970) from within-and that it now is worldwide American people because of campus disorder, from campus radicalism to street assaults and it is up to students and faculty mem­ VIOLENCE AGAINST DEMOCRACY and bombings, to hijackings and kldnapings bers to see that higher education does not President Nixon made headitnes this past internationally. collapse. week when he declared at Kansas State Uni­ They are one in their contempt for human However, student dissent can't be marked versity that American education, because of ll!e and human decencies, and In the phoni­ o!I as simple agitation over the war In Viet­ the violence and terror in Its midst, is facing ness ot their claims that they are plotted to nam, pollution of the environment and social the greatest crisis in its history. alter constructively the social and political injustice. Unrest Is deep. Pretty much the same thing might have Uis Of earth. As Nixon pointed out, if the war were ended been said about our whole democratic sys­ President Nixon was addressing an au­ tOday, the environment cleaned up tomor­ tem-and the President's eloquent and force­ dience of youth-with their elders and re­ row and all other problems in the realm of ful words suggested as much. spected officials present--of a state which · government responslbUlty were solved, "the What we liked best about the speech was has znanifested a high regard for the ·ele­ moral and spiritual crisis in the universities Its always-needed emphasis on basic princl- mentary concepts ot law and order, and would still .exist." October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34961 Not only is the President right, he may [From the Chicago Tribune, Sept. 17, 1970] As Mr. Nixon pointed out, passive con­ have underestimated the extent of student OUR CAMPUSES AND ENDS AND MEANS formity Is not being called for. Nor is any dissatisfaction. end to protests against the faults of society. But that is no reason to drag the admin­ At Kansas State University yesterday, President Nixon ably developed the major Nor unquestioning acceptance of things as istration's feet in taking care of such prob­ they are. Changes can, and should, be made, lems as can be solved by government. Ending subject of ends and means. The topic is a classic, perennial one on which It is Impos­ but only with respect for the rights and feel­ the war and eliminating pollution might not ings of others. Arbitrary force Invites arbi­ pacify college students, but It would go a sible to say anything altogether novel. But It Is a timely one-not only because the trary reaction, and neither our universities long way toward eliminating the stickiest nor our liberties can survive excessive use or problems, the ones which cont ribute the timeless is always timely, but also because university campuses are currently under­ either. most toward unrest. And students would be Even adults must concede that the world less likely to fall prey to the professional mined by a significant minority willing to use evil m.eans. community has not yet learned to live in agitators who foment so ~uch of the vio­ Nixon's major thesis was: "Violence and peooe, to achieve needed reforms without lence students are blamed for. occasional violence. But if It's to be done at The President can't solve the problem of terror have no place In a free society, who­ all, responsibility for showing the way rests student and faculty unrest by making a ever the perpetrators are and whatever their purported cause. In a system that provides nowhere more heavily than on educational speech at Manhattan, Kan., but surely some leaders in our academic communities, and on contribution was made to bridging the com­ the means for peaceful change, no cause jus­ tifies violence in the name of change." Ap­ our students of today and public officials of munication gap. tomorrow. It is time, as Mr. Nixon noted, for The President made statements that plying his thesis to the context of higher responsible members of t hose groups to stand should be made, and by and large, students education, Nixon said, "It Is time for re­ up and be counted. and faculty extended the courtesy and re­ sponsible university and college adminis­ spect due the President of the United States, trators, faculty, and student leaders to stand or any speaker for that matter. up and be counted. Only they can save higher He didn't ask students for blind agree­ education In America." ment, but suggested that the years ahead This needs saying, nearly Incredible tho THE ICC AND ITS CRITICS could be bright for America if there is an the need is. The incidence of murderous vio­ atmosphere of reason, of tolerance, of com­ lence in campus communities has been in­ mon courtesy-with the basic regard for the creasing in recent months, and everyone HON. CRAIG HOSMER rights and feelings of others that is the mark looks forward with considerable anxiety to OF CALIFORNIA the school year now opening. The record all of a civilized society. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In their hearts, most young people agree too clearly shows that the contemporary campus cutup is neither funny nor harmless, Monday, October 5, 1970 with this viewpoint. Some of them dl11'er with but deadly serious and ready to go to any others as to what America's future should be. lengths. The record shows, too, that uni­ Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, at a time versity authorities have all too often been when some are suggesting that the In­ [From the Burlington Free Press, Irresolute and compromising when they terstate Commerce Commission has Sept. 17, 1970] should have acted promptly and decisively. failed in its objective of regulating the The President could have chosen no subject AMERicA' s STUDENTs REJECT MILrrANTs transportation industry, I would like to more appropriate to a major address on a point out an editorial in the September The fact that campus m111tants are totally university campus at this particular time unrepresentative o'f today's younger genera­ than the one he developed at Kansas State. 28 edition of Transport Topics, publli!'hed tion was never more clearly demonstrated The President's argument was all the more by the American Trucking Association. than at Kansas State University yesterday. cogent for being eminently reasonable and The editorial makes some valid and President Nixon received ear-splitting ova­ fair. The high line he took yesterday sought often overlooked points about America's tions from the massive crowd of nearly 16,000 no partisan advantage. He spoke as everyone's free enterprise transport system. The persons, mostly students. There were a few President, in terms that any good citizen, article follows: hecklers, maybe a dozen or so (less than however critical he might be of some of the THE ICC AND ITS ORmes one-tenth of one per cent of the students) President's policies, can cheer and commend. but they were drowned out and babbled only Despite the growing complexity of modern to themselves. [From the Newark Evening News, day living there persists a widespread tend­ The students cheered thunderouSly when Sept. 17, 1970] ency to oversimplify things. Last week, for the President declared: " In a system that example, there was legislation introduced In provides the means for peaceful change, no VIOLENCE AND YOUTH the Senate to abolish the Interstate Com­ cause justifies violence in the name of What President Nixon said yesterday a.t merce Commission. Like an earlier bill for change." And when Nixon appealed to the Kansas State University-that violence and the same purpose, the new measure was responsible administrators, faculty and stu­ terror have no place In a free society-needs offered as a solution for transportation prob­ dent leaders of America's colleges to "stand repeated saying, and nowhere should It be lems of a grave but generalized nature. up and be counted" and to join in taking "an taken more to heart than on America's The main complaint seems to be a con­ uncompromising stand against those who re­ campuses. tention that our transportation system is ject the rules of civll1zed conduct and of Among members of the older generations, not performing as needed and this, Indeed, respect for others," the Kansas State stu­ outrage is already wide-spread against the comes as a surprise. Not more than two or dents rose to the occasion. mindless bombings, shootings and seizures three years ago the consensus among pub­ Clearly, the message Is getting through. which have shaken our universities, our lic officials was that the United States had Political candidates who have appealed to courts, our aerial commerce and our cities. the best transportation system in the world the bitterness of the mllitants, such as Philip In the community of nations, the savagery and virtually the only one operating under Hoff in Vermont and Teddy Kennedy in Mas­ of Arab guerrillas and their threats to mur­ free enterprise. sachusetts, are in deep trouble. This was con­ der innocent hostages have drawn almost The latter factor was widely hailed as the vincingly shown In Vermont's primary elec­ universal condemna.tlon. reason why our system was outstanding. tions last week and in the Massachusetts Most conspicuously, however, the condon­ State owned railroads and, in many coun­ primary elections this week, where Senator Ing of terror tactics, the yielding to pressure tries, government operation of other forms Kennedy (running unopposed) lagged more groups, the toleration and even encourage­ had often been demonstrated to be vastly than 150,000 votes behind the totals cast In ment of violent obstructionism has been inferior. the polling for governor. practiced In our universities, great and small, At the time of the adoption of the Trans­ The reality of this situation Is buttressed not only by Immature students carrying portation Act of 1958 the word went forth by all manner of recent news reports, on and activism and emotion beyond reason but also from Congress that we had too many rail­ off campus. For example, all of that well­ by some of their preceptors, thoughtlessly roads and something should be done to publicized commotion over ROTC has had venting frustrations or seeking irresponsibly consolidate them Into a few great systems. little effect on the vitality and acceptance of to follow the f&Shlons. A great amount of progress toward this goal the ROTC program. This program turned This acquiescence to elemental indecencies was achieved. Some, Including the trucking out 23,000 military officers In last June's by some in the academic world has been of industry, thought the concentration of rail­ graduating classes 'from 347 campuses. sore concern for a variety of reasons. First, road management into a few companies was So much for the militants. They have man­ the universities and colleges are training allowed to go too far. aged to burn some buildings, and scorched grounds where the mental Ideas and ap­ But the path of consolidation really got some political careers In the process, but lit­ proaches of tomorrow's leaders are being rough when the Penn-Central, into which tle else of consequence. And probably the shaped. Second, the role of higher educa­ h&d been combined the two largest rail­ most poignant confirmation of their !allure tional institutions as centers !or free explora­ roads, became the largest fiop in corporate was the many standing ovations accorded t ion of knowledge and ideas is being under­ history. President Nixon yesterday by the student mined. And, last, campus disorders and cha.os It will take a long time to reassemble the body of Kansas State University-which threaten to curtail the traditional support pieces sufficiently to determine the whole truly represented the spirit and mood of from the public essential to continued ex­ cause. But one thing is already clear; this contemporary America. Istence of the universities. was not the product of regulation by the 34962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 ICC. Both railroads had prospered most of Realizing the growing discrepancy between ship that can bring the country together the time under more than three quarters of aging U.S. naval units and the brand-new again." This may be the least successful of a century of regulation and It's a fair bet Soviet models, the Pentagon has reluctantly' the commission's attempts to advise us away that they would have wound up under gov­ accepted a drastic reduction in fieet size to from destructive campus turmoll, because ernment ownership If there had been no husband its limited funds for new ships. Dur­ the President sees himself as having very such regulation. ing 1969, Navy shipbuilding received only limited respons!b111ty In the field. Since Mr. A more l!kel; answer Is the mistaken no­ $1.27 billion-less than half of the 1963 fig­ Nixon probably will continue to view the tion that bigness Is good per se. It should ure. The Administration is requesting $2.57 majority of campus disturbances as primar­ also be remembered that even the colossus billion for new ships in the current year, but ily the problem of college administrators. that fell of Its own weight-the Penn Cen­ the Navy needs a mln!mum of $3 billion each he can serve better by working on the Issues tral-operated profitably In the freight busi­ year for the next decade just to keep abreast that are the ostensible causes of many dem­ ness, and that was under ICC regulation. of Soviet sea power. onstrations--ending the war and achieving "Jane's Fighting Ships," the accepted au­ a better measure of racial and social justice. thority on the world's navies, warns that in The President should perform one small the oceans today, "there is no hiding place service by accepting the commission's idea STRONG U.S. NAVY BECOMES from the hammer and sickle." that "no one plays irresponsible politics However, we do not have to consult the with the Issue of 'campus unrest'." Though IMPERATIVE acknowledged experts on defense to see a Vice President Agnew is not mentioned in moment of truth. We have but to look at the report, he is the main offender In this Great Britain, which once ruled the waves respect and Mr. Nixon is the only one in a HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST because of its great fieet, now reduced to position to do anything about lt. OF VIRGINIA waving its finger and jaw in the Mediter­ ranean because it has no navy. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 5, 1970 THE WAYWARD WELFARE STATE Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, in my recent newsletter report to my con­ THE SCRANTON REPORT ON stituents on the trip to the Mediterranean CAMPUS UNREST HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER by the Antisubmarine Warfare Subcom­ OF CALIFORNIA mittee of the House Armed Services IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Committee I expressed my concern at HON. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. the deficencies of the U.S. Navy 6th Fleet. OF MICHIGAN Monday, October 5, 1970 The fleet is shackled by a skimpy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, recently budget in the midst of a very serious Monday, October 5, 1970 a distinguished scholar and resident cf political-military situation in the Middle my congressional district, Dr. Roger A. Mr. RIEGLE. Mr. Speaker, last Tues­ Freeman, of the Hoover Institution on East. Operations have been cut back for day, September 29, 1970, the Washington economy reasons, more antisubmarine Evening Star ran an excellent editorial War, Revolution, and Peace at Stanford surveillance is needed, and there are not discussing the Scranton Commission Re­ University, addressed the Governmental enough planes aboard ship or at shore port on Campus Unrest. I would like to Research Association in Chicago on the bases. insert this editorial into the CoNGREs­ subject "The Wayward Welfare State." I consider this address to be most time­ I would like to share with my col­ SIONAL RECORD today SO that all Ameri­ leagues an editorial from the September cans can have access to this well-bal­ ly and strongly urge that each of my col­ 27, 1970, edition of a great newspaper, anced commentary: leagues read it carefully and give it considerable thought: the San Diego Union. It expresses very THE CAMPUS REPORT well the dangers of defense cuts in the THE WAYWARD WELFARE STATE There is some danger that, because it has face of growing Russian naval activity: the makings of controversy, the advice given (By Roger A. Freeman) STRONG U.S. NAVY BECOMES lMPERATIVE-"No to the President by his Commission on Cam­ The birth and growth of the modern HIDING PLACE Faoy: HAMMER AND SICKLE" pus Unrest will overshadow the rest of the service state In the United States during the The Middle Eastern crisis instructs us anew long report. This would be a shame, because second third of the 2oth Century may In that there is no substitute for naval power. the commission, created because of last historical perspective well have been the most Because the British permitted their national spring's violent disorders, has useful words significant governmental development of its mllitary strength to be eroded in the name for all of us. time. To its architects the coming of age of of economy, their only proposal toward set­ For the public at large, the principal the welfare state--as it Is more commonly tling the Middle Eastern trouble now had to message is that unrest in the colleges Is a called-Is a matter of supreme pride and be confined to talk. Sadly, unless the United complex phenomenon in which Issues of the immense satisfaction. To its opponents it States of America ceases to dismantle its day interact with the emerging "youth cul­ is the cause and mark of the decline and the fieet, it will join Britain as a nation with ture." The report, by pointing out the wide likely fall of a great nation which rejected little International clout. Such task forces variety of student attitudes and by distin­ its promise, forsook Its destiny, and squan­ as the 6th Fleet, which even in their weak­ guishing between the good and bad in the dered its birthright. Future historians will ened state now maintain some measure of protest movement, should make it harder decide whether the America of today and equlllbrium In crisis areas, will become in­ for politicians to score simple points at the tomorrow is to be compared more closely elfective ghost forces unless we restore the expense of national unity and understanding. to the Rome of the Second Century-the Navy's waning strength. The commission speaks to everyone, as Golden Age of the Antonlnes-or to the Rome The Navy's announcement a few days ago when it notes that university admlnlstrators of the F!:f1ll Century-the time of the Goths, that 58 additional ships wlll be deactivated "cannot do their jobs without the support of the Vandals and the Huns. reduces the fl.eet to 700 ships--down 25 per alumni, citizens and government leaders. All The most visible manifestation of the new cent from 932 units two years ago. The Navy's three of these groups have been guilty of age, certainly the most amenable to meas­ air arm-eut by 732 planes--is being dimin­ substituting thoughtless criticism for help­ urement, Is a vast expansion and intensifica­ Ished correspondingly. The fiscal 1972 budget ful support precisely at a time when the tion of public services in the broad field of wm provide for only 550 ships. The U.S. Navy welfare of the nation's institutions of higher social welfare, accompanied by a sharp in­ has been slashed by approximately 40 per cent education is In grave peril." crease in the size of publlc budgets and during the last three years. Not that commission Chairman Scranton public payrolls. Dependence on government The ships that are being decommissioned and his associates have let disruptive or vio­ by a large number, and eventually a majority, are Indeed aged and should be scrapped, but lent students, or vacillating adminlstrators-­ of Its citizens, whether as dispensers of only when they are replaced by units which or anyone, for that matter-off the hook. public benefits or as recipients, is a distinctive will maintain an acceptable level of maritime The report takes a strong stand against dis­ mark of the welfare state. power. ruption and violence, and offers plenty of Everybody knows that federal spending has Meanwhile the Soviet Union Is determined specific advice about how to handle it and been soaring over the past ten or twenty to call the tune at sea in Its confrontation how not to. On the last point, pollee over­ years, far outpacing the growth rate of the wtth the United States. Each year, Its all­ reaction Is blamed for sometimes worsening nation's economy. Also, that the federal ocean navy Is strengthened by new rocket­ the problem, and the commission makes rec­ bureaucracy has dramatically expanded, at a firing cruisers and destroyers. Each year the ommendations for Improving the perform­ much faster rate than the U.S. population Soviet nuclear propelled, nuclear missile sub­ ance of police and National Guardsmen. or the civilian labor force. Everybody that is, marine fl.eet grows, and In another two or Getting back to the President: The com­ who has not looked at the record. three years may almost equal our Polaris :ll.eet. mission regards as its most Important recom­ The fact !s--and this may come as a sur­ Obviously the Soviets believe they can afford mendation its call to the President to use prise to many usually well Informed per­ a modern navy. "the compassionate, reconc111ng moral leader- sons--the federal expenditures increased In October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34963 the past ten years at about the same rate the United States (federal, state and local)­ INCREASE IN FEDERAL EXPENDITURES, 1952 TO 1971 as the gross national product (GNP) or the includlng defense--increased 90% which st111 ]Dollar amounts in mmions) personal income: they approximately dou­ is three times the growth rate of popUlation bled. To be sure, hal! of that increase is and labor force. merely illusory and only reflects a shrinkage Amount Percent in the value of the dollar. But even so, it Increase st111 leaves a. 50 % real increase during the or de­ For national defense .... ------$26.8 21 1960's in the national income and product as crease in For international affairs, veterans, space, well as in federal budget outlays, a. record of 1952 (June) 1970 (June) percent interest on the debL...... 21.3 16 For education, social welfare, and health. 67. 6 52 remarkably balanced growth and stability. For all other domestic services...... 14.0 II We can even go back nearly twenty years, Departmenttense __ ___ of______De· to about 1952, and find a. s1mlla.r picture: 1, 216, 000 I, 045, 000 -14 TotaL------129.7 100 Veterans' Adminis- Since 1952 the federal budget has almost !ration .•••...... 173, 000 167,000 -3 exactly tripled, as did GNP and personal in­ Post Office .•...... 522,000 724, 000 +39 Sources : Department of Commerce, ''The National Income and come. In other words, the federal budget and All other agencies .•..• 509, 000 727, 000 +43 Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1965"; Bureau of the Budget, "The Budget of the U.S. Government, Fiscal Year the economy have been growing at parallel 1971." rates !or almost two decades, during a. period TotaL .•...... 2,420, 000 2, 663,000 +IO when many people thought that we were U.S. population .•..... 157, 553, 000 205, 395, 000 +31 Nearly two-thirds of the $130 billlon In­ living through times of runaway, spendthrift Civ11ian labor force.... 62, 138, 000 82,125,000 +32 crease ln federal revenues and expenditures budgets. between 1952 and 1971 was allocated to do­ HOW MUCH IS THE PUBLIC PAYROLL UP? Source : U.S. C i v~ Service Comm ission; Bureau of the Census, mestic programs--over one-hal! of the total Bureau of labor Statistics. budget growth just to education, health, and A study o! the federal bureaucracy which wel!a.re--one-slxth to interest, veterans, in­ is widely believed to be proliferating at an 1952 1970 Increase ternational alialrs and space, the remain­ exorbitant speed yields a. s1mlla.r result: Fed­ (June) (June) in percent ing one-fifth to national defense. eral civilian employment increased 17% over From the warfare state to the welfare state? the past ten years, which para.llels the growth State and local govern- o! the clvillan labor force and of total clviUan ments ...... 4,188, 000 9, 890,000 +136 It Is apparent that the shift in national employment of 18% and Is only slightly Federal civilian except priorities which some political and academic ahead o! the popUlation growth of nearly DOD, VA, PO ..•.....• 509,000 727, 000 +43 groups have been demanding for years, "from DOD, VA, and PO .•....• 1,911, 000 I, 936,000 14%. If we go back to 1952-as we did when +I the warfare state to the welfare state" has we viewed the budget-we find that federal TotaL ...•..•••• 6, 608,000 12,553,000 +90 taken place. It would probably have been Im­ civilian employment grew a.t only about one­ possible to expand social welfare programs at third the rate of U.S. population, labor force Source: U.S. Civil Service Commission; Bureau of Labor the rapid rate we experienced since the mid­ and total employment. Statistics. fifties without cutting Into national defense. We might then conclude that the United Congress could not have provided sufliclent States experienced during the past two dec­ The most spectacular expansion in the fed­ revenues by boosting taxes. ades a. very modest expansion of govern­ eral payroll occurred in the Department of The welfare state has come of a.ge in the mental activity, well In keeping With the HEW whose sta.tl' ballooned from 35,000 in United States, as It had earller in some Eu­ growth of the private economy, and a relative 1953 to 107,000 in 1970. On the state and lo­ ropean countries. Interestingly enough it shrinkage of the central bureaucracy. Those cal side, public education accounted for 3.2 was not created by socialistic or lett-leaning are trends which most of the American pub­ mill1on out of a total 5.2 mllllon growth be­ governments. It was Bismarck who advanced lic would tend to applaud wholeheartedly. tween 1952 and 1969, With the other two mU­ welfare plans ln order to forge an alllance But before we get carried a. way too far with llon spread over a Wide range of activities. between the junkers and the Industrial work­ such thoughts we might be well advised to Rates o! increase by function were: ers against the rising forces of the Uberals, study not only the magnitude of the change Public education______+170% the business and professional classes. This in governmental activity but also its nature Public welfare ______+159% axis between statists on the right and statists and composition. Such an analysis shows that on the left was renewed on several occasions, Health & hospitals------+125% the seeming stablllty in the size of govern­ most clearly ln the Germany of the 1920's and ment was achieved only by financing a. spec­ Pollee------+105% 1930's when Nazis and Communists joined in tacUlar expansion of domestic services All other------+ 57% attacks to bring down the llbera.l forces in through a. dramatic cutback in outlays for HOW li4UCH IS THE FEDERAL BUDGET UP? the middle. But It was only in America, where the milltary. Let us first look a.t the payroll, A review of the federal budget shows slml­ the liberal tradition was stronger than in and, to stay With the example used before, la.r developments. In the aggregate, revenues Europe, that the statists in what was prob­ compare the current year With 1952. and expenditures have for many years been ably a shrewd move assumed the label which Federal clvllla.n employment increased only growing about as fast as the national econ­ their opponents had held for so long: they 10% between 1952 and 1970, whUe the u.s. omy. But when we analyze this seemingly beca.tne the new "liberals." population and labor force simultaneously moderate rate of expansion we find that the Actually the welfare state is the very an­ went up Sl% and 32 % respectively. But this share of defense was cut nearly in hal! while tithesis of the liberal idea. If we define Ub­ covers a. sta.tl' reduction of 14% in the Depart­ the share of domestic services more than erty or freedom as the ablllty of the indlvld­ ment of Defense, and of S% in the Veterans' doubled (Table A, attached). ua.l to make meaningful choices between Administration, an increase of 39 % in the Defense costs went up 57% between 1952 known altematives, then it follows that the Post Oflice-;sllghtly ahead of the popUlation and 1971 which is just barely ahead of the extent of his freedom depends on the range growth-and an expansion of 43 % in the simultaneous rise in prices.• In relative of decisions he can make tor himself and his remaining agencies which control all other terms, defense fell from 66% of the total family or which are being made for him, and federal progra.ms.1 budget to 36%, from 13.6% of GNP to an on the share of his resources which he can Does this mean that employment in do­ estimated 7.2%. Spending !or domestic pub­ allocate to his various wants according to his mestic public services grew only slightly lic services meanwhile multiplied 7¥,. times own wishes or which the government allo­ faster than the population? No--because the (+662% ) and their share of the budget cates for him. federal payroll is only the visible part of the jumped from 17% to 47 %; the rema.lnlng In classic political theory, from Thomas iceberg, the one above the surface. 17% of the budget went for interest, vet­ Hobbes through Jim Locke to John Stuart Most domestic public services are partially erans, intematlona.l affairs and space. Out­ Mills, the prime purpose and duty of the or wholly financed by the federal treasury lays for education, health and welfare mUlti­ state Is the protection of the safety o:r Its but carried out through state and local gov­ plied 12 times-an Increase of 1142 %-for all citizens, their lives and property, from ernments. It is the national govemment other domestic purposes combined, three would-be attackers, foreign and domestic. which oliers, finances, encourages and some­ The second task of the state Is to establish times mandates the programs while most of times (+219% ). and enforce rules for the ordinary and peace­ the employees which implement them are FEDERAL EXPENDITURlS IN 1952 AND 1971 ful conduct of clvU alia.lrs and to settle dis­ statistically classified "state and local." Well ]Dollar amounts in millions] putes among its citizens. Such was the Amer­ over 500 categorical grant and loan authoriza­ ican tradition that guided the authors o:r fed­ tions are now in operation and their cost has Calendar Fiscal Increase eral and state constitutions. It still expresses jumped from $2.5 bUlion in 1952 to $24 bil­ the beliefs of a. broad majority in this ~ear in lion ln 1970 and an estimated $27.6 b1Illon 952 r;:r percent country. in FY 1971. So, if we want to get a proper But in the conduct of public pollcy we picture of public employment we need to add National defense ...... $46,745 $73,583 +57 have turned 180 degrees. Our international state and local to federal payrolls.' International affairs, space, position and our defensive strength, meas­ veterans, interest on the ured against the power of potential enemies, State and local government employment debt ...... 11,976 33,263 +178 increased 136% between 1952 and 1970, or Education. health, and have never been as weak. The safety ot per­ about four times faster than popUlation an

.--~~· -~ 34:966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 (Article 12 of the Soviet Constitution) . But effect on student achievement--probably behind na.tional norms (averages) and we would not think of applying the second even less than the Coleman Report Implied." slipped a.nother two months In reading part. Hundreds of class size studies show that scores last year. Pupils In New York schools Soviet citizens are guaranteed the right to students do not learn more In smaller classes. with the highest expenditures and lowest work (Article 118, USSR Constitution). In 1965 Congress was persuaded that a class sizes lag the most; puplls in schools Would we not be better off If we guaranteed vast expansion of "compensatory education" with the lowest expenditures and the la.rgest everybody an opportunity to earn a living programs would reduce the lag of one or classes are a.head In achievement scores. Instead of accepting the principle that gov­ several years In basic skills of children from Politicians have played a. cruel hoax on ernment owes everybody a living? low-Income backgrounds. Now, five years the poor In urban communities by selling Little effort Is made to hold both parents and more than six billion dollars later, the them a. new type of snake oll-"compensa­ responsible for the support of their chlldren record of thousands of projects, from "High­ tory education"-as a. cure-all !or their ills. and to overcome the refusal of welfare reci­ er Horizons" and "More Effective Schools" Ma.ny schools In low-Income neighborhoods pients to take unskllled and semi-skilled In New York to "Bannecker" in St. Louis, offer courses tha.t are lrreleva.nt to the true jobs.u It Is thus not surprising that New from "Madison" In Syracuse to the Berkeley needs of disadvantaged children instea.d of York City's welfare outlays now total $1.7 schools, all of them begun with great en­ teaching them marketable skllls. In the end billion of which however only 30% comes thusiasm, tells a story of consistent !allure the schools give them, in place of an educa­ from city funds. It was disclosed four weeks to produce the educational Improvement tion, a diploma which some of the recipients ago that the city is housing welfare clients among so-called deprived chlldren which ca.n't even read. When the !allure becomes at the Commodore .and slmllar hotels and their sponsors had hoped for and promised. manifest, as sooner or la.ter it must, the Is paying $85 a day to shelter just one family. In hls School Reform Message of March sponsors bla.me it on niggardly appropria­ The War on Poverty has distributed huge 3, 1970, President Nixon reported: tions that should ha.ve been a.t least twice sums among low-Income persons, and placed The best avallable evidence Indicates that a.s high. militants In well-paid key positions. It has most of the compensatory education pro­ Prlva.te schools and colleges which offer financed .and otherwise facilitated much of grams have not measurably helped poor chil­ students and their parents a.n a.lternatlve the violence that has plagued our cities In dren catch up . . . Recent findings on the curriculum and a. freedom of choice ha.ve recent years. Some of the money was used to two largest such programs are particularly been pushed to the wall in recent years by buy weapons, ammunition, explosives, to disturbing. we now spend more than $1 bil­ unwise public policies. Many of the institu­ train and orga.ntze sabotage and destruction. lion a year for educational programs under tions face extinction within the next decade. Some .assert that pouring additional bil­ Title I of the Elementary and Secondary a.t a. huge additional cost to the ta.xpayers, lions into the schools, to raise the skills of Education Act. Most of these have stressed unless remedial action is soon taken to re­ the children of the poor offers them a way the teaching of reading, but before-and­ duce the severe penalty for attending non­ out. "Education an Answer to Poverty" has after tests suggest that only 19 percent of public school or college. the children In such programs Improve their been their watchword. Let us take a good WELL INTENDED BUT ILL CONCEIVED look at it. reading slgnlficantly; 13 percent appear to fall behind moro than expected; and more Most actions by governmental authorities EDUCATION-AN ANSWER TO POVERTY? than two-thirds of the chlldren remain un­ concerning the schools are well intended but Americans ha.ve always viewed .and treated affected-that Is, they continue to fall be­ too often they are ill conceived a.nd seem to education with special affection. They know hind. In our Headstart Program, where so aim at objectives other than Improved lea.rn­ that much of the enormous progress which much hope is invested, we find that young­ ing. Some urban school systems appear to be our civilization, our economy, science, tech­ sters enrolled only for the summer achieve engaged in a process to ruin not only public nology have achieved is due to a. tireless ef­ almost no gains, and the gains of those in education but the cities they serve. They fort a.nd huge investment in schools a.nd col­ the program for a full year are soon matched pursue policies which ca.use business enter­ leges. Our most successful men and women, by their non-Headstart classmates from prises and large numbers of the type of resi­ the leaders In most fields, are genera.lly well similar poor backgrounds. dents they need most to susta.ln their social educa.ted, though often self-educated. Our The President suggested research into edu­ a.nd economic base, millions in the national least successful people, those with the small­ cation methods and reform of our apparently aggrega.te, to move out as their only means of est earnlngs, tend to rank low in educational ineffective methods as the way to improve­ escape from the city's or the school district's achievements, are deficient in basic skills, ment. He added: "As we get more education jurisdiction. ha.ve a.ttended school !or fewer yea.rs than jor th.e dollar, we will ask Congress for more To be sure, government has an essentla.l those higher up on the socio-economic scale. dollars jOT education." role to pla.y in many problems of our con­ This has led many to seek the ca.use of the But Congress would have none of that. temporary society. But In too many cases we income differences a.mong people in the num­ As in so many other cases it decided to use must ask: are you helping to solve the prob­ ber of years they a.ttended school and in the money as a substitute for necessary reforms. lem or are you part of the problem? Time a.nd a.mount of money tha.t was spent on their Despite the conclusive proof of !allure, aga.ln, government ha.s perpetuated a problem respective schools. It has long been custom­ Congress a few months ago extended and that otherwise would long ha.ve been solved. a.ry to measure educational quality in dol­ expanded the compensatory education pro­ Sometimes it makes a mountain out of a lars spent per pupll, in the teacher-pupil gram with a three year, $24.6 billion price molehlll. , ratio and similar measures of input. Thus the tag, and then increased appropriations over For more tha.n three deca.des we have been answer to compla.lnts about deficiencies in the budget, overriding a presidential veto. trying to boost the price of farm products the output, the products of education were Belief in the educational magic of the dol­ a.nd to reduce !arm production, at a. cost to a.lways answered with the same plea: give lar dies hard. the public treasury which has now run well us more money, hire more teachers and pa.y These efforts at compensatory education over $100 billion. Simultaneously, we worry them more. The American people so did. Here resemble nothing as much as the quest of over the high cost of food a.nd the inadequacy is wha.t has happened since the early 1950's: the a.lchemlsts who tried, for hundreds of of our food base for an "exploding" popula­ PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES IN 1952 AND 1969 years a.nd a.t a. huge cost, to do wha.t we now tion. As time goes on we a.re moving away know ca.nnot be done. I ha.ve discussed this from a free ma.rket instead of coming closer to it, as the country's largest farm organi­ Increase in subject elsewhere more extensively than I 1952 1969 percent ca.n in this context and must refer you to zation has long advocated. those pa.pers."' We have poured more than $100 billion Aga.ln, a.s in the case of public welfare, into a.id to over 100 foreign countries where Students in public in many cases it has reaped a harvest of 27 862 000 49,500,000 78 New York City offers an excellent proof of Em~~~~~~~nirii>iii>i~-·-- - ' ' the futllity of spending huge a.mounts of thistles a.nd venom while supporting self­ education...... 1, 850,000 5, 038, 000 172 money without reforming our methods. "Our destructive policies of the recipient govern· Expenditures lor public schools are the most lushly funded school ments. education (billions)... $8, 387 $49,424 489 For over a. century we have been trying to Employee·sludent ratio. . 1- 15 1- 9. 8 ------system in the nation,'' boasted Mayor Lind­ Expenditure per say recently, adding tha.t "It has the best act as the Great White Father to the rem­ student.. •••••••••••• $301 $998 ------teacher-pupll ra.tio of a.ny city-not just nants of the Indian people, piling on new some but a.ny city In the country." (New programs in recent decades-with meager Source: Office of Educalion and Office of Business Economics. York Times, June 6, 1969) But his Advisory a.nd often tragic results. Panel reminded him in November 1967: "The Ma.ny a.ctivitles call for public regulation But the evidence is overwhelming tha.t New York City school system, which once but this sometimes turns into public there is little 1t a.ny cost-quality relatlonshJp ranked at the sum.mlt ot America n public strangulation, as In the case of ra.llroa.ds. Oc­ In the schools. Ja.mes Coleman so found In education, is caught tn a spiral of decline:' casionally the use of governmental power the most extensive study of American pub­ New York City schools now have a.bout the Is needed to prevent the formation of a lic schools ever undertaken a.nd Christopher same enrollment as they had 25 years ago. monopoly. But in most cases only govern­ Jencks In summarizing the ensuing nation­ The number of teachers has almost doubled, ment can and does create a. monopoly by al debate concluded: "Variations in schools' expenditures have multiplied eight times and encoura.glng, granting or directly exercising fiscal and huma.n resources have very little now a.verage, on a per pupil basis, twice those it, often with huge losses (e.g., Post Office ). of other cities In Its size class. But students Gra.nts to sta.te and local governments Footnotes at end of article. in New York City schools lag substantially have long been a popular device to promote October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34967 and finance favored public services. But the always expected to do and which only gov­ Data from New York City, Washington, multiplication of authorizations to well over ernment can do in a modern society: crime D.C., and other major cities show the same 500 in recent years has turned federal aid detection and prevention. And it has turned picture: as the number of policemen and into an administrative nightmare which if this into the worst failure among its do­ the size of poltce appropriations multiplied, continued much longer w!ll wind up 1n mestic activities. so did crimes, often at surprisingly similar chaos. Plans to simplify intergovernmental rates. CRIME IN THE WELFARE STATE This does not suggest that police depart­ aid by shifting some of the decisions to No reliable statistics exist that would per­ states and cities--through grant consolida­ ments have been lying down on the job. mit an accurate comparison of the incidence Eighty-six policemen murdered In line of tion, fiscal grants, revenue sharing or tax of crime in the United States and in t he credits--have so far been given the cold duty during 1969 testify to that. But it does other countries. But enough information is suggest that there is something terribly shoulder by members of Congress who feel available to state that without doubt the that there is but llttle wisdom outside its wrong with our methods, with the proce­ United States has become the most crime­ dures under which pollee are forced to op­ own halls. ridden country in the world. In no other We have been complaining about infiation, erate, under rules imposed by courts whose megalopolis could its leading newspaper say, concern seems to have largely shifted from pointing fingers in several directions, de­ as the New York Times recently did: "This manding that government discipllne unions the victims of crime--and potential vic­ city's 8 m!llon people live in daily fear of tims-to the criminals who committed the and management by guideposts, jawboning, mugging, robbery and other violent crimes." fines or controls. But only government itself offenses. Nor is this a "crime wave" as it is often Nowhere is the philosophy of the welfare can and does create infiation, largely through called. Waves crest and ebb-but crime has budget deficits, easy money and lopsided state more clearly expressed than in our been going straight up, with no sign of crest­ attitude toward crime and our treatment of labor policies, and only government can stop ing or ebbing. According to FBI reports, the infiatlon-by exercising self-disclpllne which criminals, in no other manner do we more number of serious crimes leaped from 2 mil­ manifestly reap the harvest of what we have so far It has shown no inclination of doing. lion in 1960 to 5 mlllion in 1969. That aver­ Twenty-two years ago we started an urban sown. ages out to an 11 % increase each year-while The American public is increasingly fright­ renewal program which, at a huge expense, population was growing 1% per year. has since destroyed three times as many ened by the jungle-like conditions in our Soaring crime is widely being blamed on cities and arudous to end this reign ot terror. dwellings as it has completed, and has built social conditions. There is . an element of mostly apartments which the former resi­ In a Ga.llup Poll, asking whether the courts truth in this charge, i! not in the sense in should deal more harshly with criminals, the dents of the area cannot afford. It has been which It is usually meant to be understood­ called a slum removal program because It percentage of respondents who have an opin­ that society has neglected its poor. Spending ion, rose from 57 % in the affirmative in 1965 has malniy shifted slums from one part of under public income maintenance programs the city to another, sometimes spawned "in­ to 82 % in 1969. But neither the courts nor jumped from $7 billion In 1950 to $23 billion legislative bodies seem so far ready to take stant slums" to replace the old ones. The in 1960 and is now running at an annual clip true welfare state enthusiasts blind them­ the drastic measures which at this stage may of over $70 billion. The number of families be necessary to restore law and order in the selves to the fact that slums are not decay­ with an income under $3,000 fell from 22.7 % ing buildings but people. United States, at least to a level that is of all families in 1959 to 9.3 % in 1969, of closer to conditions which prevail in other In an effort to keep rents down, New York families classified "below poverty level" from City has maintained, ever since World War civlllzed countries. Though much more 18.5 % of all families to 9.7 %. But the num­ money will undoubtedly be needed if crime II rent control over 1.3 m!llion apartments. ber of female-headed famllles went up by when maintenRnce costs soared and losses is to be reduced, there is llttle hope that more than a mlllion and several other indi­ any amount wlll reverse current trends un­ mounted to unbearable levels, many land­ cators of social health also suggest undesir­ lords were forced to abandon their property. able trends while the welfare state increas­ less far more fundamental changes are Over 130,000 apartments and houses, two­ ingly permeated American society. made, until a semblance of safety is restored to our streets and homes. thirds of them structually sound, were left There really is no mystery about the cause to rot in New York City during the past Grave as the threat is from evergrowing of the soaring crime rate: would-be criminals crime, the most ominous danger to our long­ four years and housing units are now being dil: their homework; they checked the record retired twice as fast as new ones are opened. range national survival lies in a gradual and came up with a simple fact: Crime pays. weakening of our national defense. Dozens of urban programs intended to A recent study concluded that the chances improve housing conditions were enacted, of going to prison are less than one in 200 GIANT ON MUDBRICK FEET extended or enlarged in recent years. What for a man committing a felony in New York With a planned appropriation of $73 bil­ Is their combined impact? What would you City. While the number of felonies commit­ llon in the current fiscal year and over 3 expect to happen in a market in which ted in that city multipled more than three­ million men in uniform, our defense estab­ private demand is high, costs and prices are fold during the 1960's, the prison population lishment offers a mighty and imposing sight. rising at a faster rate than in the rest of fell by about a third. The backlog of New But the crucial point is that our potential the economy 13 and government adds billions York City's criminal court has been esti­ enemies have for many years been bullding to the demand, offering generous subsidies mated at 700,000 cases--which would tnke up their military strength while ours has and infusing large amounts of grants, loans 2Y. years to clear up at the present rate­ been diminishing, measured by the only and guarantees? As a consequence, the price if no new arrests were made. meaningful yardstick: the combined power of houses, and of construction generally, and Ten years ago 27% of the offenses known we may have to face some day in a major Inevitably also rents, increased at an even to pollee were cleared by arrests, in the na­ confrontation at a future Armageddon. faster rate, driving additional millions of tional average; this has since fallen to 20 %. Not that the Soviet Union Is planning to moderate income families out of the housing In other words, the criminal now has four start a war with the United States or that market. Not surprisingly they added their chances in five never to be arrested. A person Red China is. They both probably hope that voices to the clamor for more housing sub­ arrested has five chances out of six not to a war may in the end not be necessary. They sidies-for middle-income families. We have serve time in prison or jail although only believe that they may achieve their aim of here the classic case of a vicious cycle: gov­ 5 % of those tried are acquitted. And the one Communist world domination without a war ernment action intended to cope with a in about thirty criminals who is unlucky if current trends continue long enough be­ problem ballooning it and creating the need enough to wind up behind bars, serves on cause the United States will eventually be for an expanded program. the average only 55 % of the time to which in no position to oppose or resist any action Not enough attention has been paid to he was sentenced. Is there any other money­ our adversaries may choose to take. Jay Forrester's Urban Dynamics (MIT Press making or ego-satisfying enterprlse in which American military might reached its apex 1969) which showed that to start solving the chances are nearly as good? toward the end of World War II and has the urban problem at the housing end Is Nor can this appalling record be blamed been coming down ever since. The United self-defeating. The city, he suggested, should on stinginess with which governments have States dismantled its defense establishment aim to create an environment that will at• been treating their law enforcement between 1945 and 1948, cutting outlays from tract and generate jobs; everything else will agencies: $80 billion to $12 blllion. That unilateral dis­ then fall in line. armament prompted aggressive action in While private housing starts languish, in POLICE EMPLOYMENT AND EXPENDITURES 1952 AND 1969 Korea in which we barely escaped military spite of liberalized government loan funds, disaster. The defense budget was then raised guarantees and subsidies, public housing con­ Increase in to $50 billion and is still at that level, If struction is going ahead at a rapid clip­ 1952 1969 percent counted in dollars of constant value. Not and most of the public housing authorities many people know that much of the Vietnam are in financial trouble, some near-bankrupt, operations was carried on by depleting the though their bulldings are supplied for free. E~g~r~~~:ei~~~=:~,;~~ts ••• 238,000 487, 000 105 rest of the defense establishment. This leaves The bill of particulars against the expan­ Growth of U.S. population us with "Swiss cheese" defenses. as several sion of public services in recent years under (millions) •••••••••••••••• 157.5 203.2 29 recent incidents suggest. Expenditures for police the aegis of the welfare state could be con­ (Federal-State-local) We enjoyed a decisive military superiority tinued . But the few illustrations I have (millions) •.•••••••••••••• $993 $4 ,448 338 over the Soviet Union at the time of the given may suffice. National income (billions) •••• $291 $770 164 Cuban missile crisis in 1962 which is why the There is however one job, one major duty Russians yielded to President Kennedy's ulti­ in the domestic field, which government was Source : Bureau of the Census and Office of Business Economics. matum that their naval vessels steaming to- 34:968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Octobe'r 5, 1970 ward Cuba reverse their course. Moscow has ment. I refrained from referring to taxes not tion Society, McGraw Hill, N.Y., 1964, Chap­ since been pushing one of the greatest arma­ because I believe they are unimportant. The ter 8, "Private Opulence and Public Poverty," ment programs ever, pulled abreast of us in tax argument is valid-but it has been p . 62. many respects, is ahead of us in land-based brought up many times by others and it • Ibid., p . 64. intercontinental missiles, missile-launching pales in lts significance when held againSt • E.g., see Ira Sharkansky, "Government (and other) submarines, antl-balllstlc mis­ the detrimental impact of the welfare state Expenditures and Public Services In the siles and in several other major weapons sys­ on our domestic services, social health and American States," American Poltttcal Sci­ tems. The Soviets are headed for a clearcut on security from attacks, at home or from ence Review, December 1967. arms superiority within not too many years. abroad. The steady weakening of the na­ • For further thoughts along this line see It takes five to ten years to develop, test, tion's moral fibre and of its global and mili­ my "Big Government-Friend or Foe?", Con­ produce, and deploy a major weapons sys­ tary power are the primary and most com­ gressional Record, February 24, 1966. tem. What we do now about our missiles pelling points in my indictment of the • Samuel P. Huntington, The Common De­ and missile defense, about the F-14 and F- 15 American welfare state. I rest the case on fense: Strategic Programs in National Poli­ fighters, the MBT-70 main battle tank, C-5A them. tics (New York: Columbia University Press, cargo plane (whose fieet was cut from 120 to FOOTNOTES 1961). Warner R. Schilling, Paul Y. Ham­ mond, Glenn H. Snyder, Strategy, Politics 81), the AMSA (advanced manned strategic 1 Federal Civilian Employment ( Conti­ and the Defense Budgets (New York: Colum­ aircraft) -now to be implemented as the nental U .S.) in 1952 and 1970. B-1 new strategic bomber-the nuclear car­ bia University Press, 1962). Maxwell Taylor, ' Government Employment in the Unit ed The Uncertain Trumpet (New York: Harper, riers and submarine programs will decide States, 1952 and 1970. whether our defenses will be strong in the 1960) . • The change In U.S. Budget methods­ 1• See: Henry J . Meyer et al., Girls at Voca­ second half of the 1970's and beyond, or from the "administrative" and "cash consoli­ whether the United States will have to yield tional H i gh, N.Y ., Russel Sage Foundation, dated" to the "unified" budget-makes his­ 1965; The Multi-Problem Dilemma, ed. Gor­ to nuclear or other forms of blackmail. The torical compariSons difficult. No recompu­ Joint Chiefs and other ml11tary experts ap­ don E. Brown, Metuchen, N.J., Scarecrow tation backward or forward is presently avail­ Press, 1968. pear to be fighting a losing battle and the able. The Office of Business Economics (Dept. 11 warnings of the chairmen of both congres­ This Is well pointed out in an Incisive of Commerce) has prepared revenue and ex­ analysis Welfare i n New York City, by the sional armed services committees are not penditure analyses by function, on a national sufficiently heeded. Center !or New York City Affairs o! the New Income account basis, which go as far back School for Social Research, February 1970. Defense appropriations were cut by $20 as 1952; latest year now available Is 1969. The ""The Alchemists in Our Public Schools," bill!on, or 27 %, between fiscal years 1967 and beginning year In the table below, 1952, is Congressional Record, Aprll 24, 1969, and 1971, counted in constant dollars. But there taken, as the earliest year avallable, from "The Crisis in American Education," Con­ still seems to be an open season on the OBE date, the ending year (FY 197l)from gressional Record, June 22 and 23, 1970. military. Only five weeks ago Senator Prox­ the President's Budget. Statistical Inaccu­ 1 • "To buy now what $10,000 bought In mire, In a major Senate speech, proposed to racies resulting from the use of two different 1929, would require $22,400 for consumer slash Pentagon funds by another $10 billion. bases however are not significant for the data goods, but $40,900 in the case of a house. shown. Consumer prices have risen 30%, residential IN CONCLUSION; • In constant dollars $12 bllllon were worth construction coats 46% since 1957/59, al­ I have not even mentioned the excessive less in 1952 than $7 billion had been in 1939. though wholesale construction materials and ever-rising tax burden which critics of • O'f the Institute for Social Research, Uni­ meanwhile went up no faster than wholesale the welfare state often use as their argu- versity of Michigan, In: The Mass Consump- prices In general: 18% .

TABLE A.-FELERAL EXPENDITURES 1952- 71

Expenditures (millions) Expenditures as a Percent percentage of GNP Percent ol Iota: expenditures Calendar year increase ------19521 1952-71 1952 1971 1952 1971

0 18 19.5 100.0 1 Nation:,·::~~:::;":;;~; ~~:;~~~---.·~~~::::::::::::: :: : ::::::: ::::: :::::==$7';';5~~:~;;:2~ ;=·:" 0 ==$2~1=::::=::: :7::====='::~====::'='~:=: ===""~==~~==~10.4 82.7 ;,:;;,:~ 7.1 65.8 3 .3 3. 3 .3 ri~~~f#I~:~~~~i~i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. -- .. --~~;:!~~- Jut -... -.. -. -2:;.___ .... __ ~:~!- 1. 7 -·····-Ts· tt Veterans benefits and services .. _··-··------·--·-·-·----·------·.·-·-··- 4, 997.0 8, 475 70 I. 5 .8 7. 0 4. 2 Domesticservices ...... ---··-····-······---·------·-·-····-···-·----·===12:=,3;;;24:=.:==o ===s3=, 9;;;25:======662 3. 7 9.1 17.3 46=.8 Education,welfare,andheallh ...... ---=s-=,9~ 15=-.o=----7:-3-:,4:-70:------:------36-.61,142 1.8 7.1 8.3 All other ____ ···-·-··-----··-·-··------·----·-···-·---··----······=== 6='=409=. =0 ===20~,4=5=5 ======,;219 1.9 2.0 9. 0 10~.2 Exhibit: Education ___ ·----· .. ··-·------···--·-··-··--·-·----··-··---·--·-···-- 323.0 8, 129 2,4 17 .1 . 8 . 5 4. 0 Social welfare ... ---··--.... __ ·-···-·-·-···--·--·------·------·- 5, 161.0 50,384 876 1.5 4.9 7. 2 25.1 Hea lth,hospitals,andsanitation.. ... ----· - -·--·-·-·-··- ---···-·- -·-- -··--===:~4;;;3:=1. :=0 ====:14~,9;;;57:===~~======~===~==~3,370 .1 1.5 .6 7~.4 ~~~~~~i~~ ~:i~~n~~!~~.:'!~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::: : 157, ~ g •206 ; m ~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~r;:f;~n~~t~~~~r~~ft~~~;~~~~~~ ·--~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ::::::::::: r~~: i • l, g~ t~~ :::~~ = ~ ~::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Personal consumption (billions) ___ -----·-·---·--·-··-·-·-·-----·---··--·--·- $216.7 ' 638 194 . ·--·-·------····----·------·---·---···-···. -- · .

TABLE B . ~OVERNMENTAL EXPENDITURES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1952 AND 1969

Expenditur:fs tN~ percen tage Percent of total Expenditures in millions expenditures Percent 1952 1969 increase 1952 1969 1952 1969

Touli expenditures (federai..State-local) ..... ______··--·------·-·--==$9';';3::=:,6:;;:52 :==~$7.29:':C0,~07::'9===~209~==~27:=.li===3~1.;,;1==~100.~0===:=100~.~ 0 National security and cost of past war•--·------··----·------59, 104 110, 163 86 17. 1 11.8 63.1 38.0 National defense· -----···--·--···-·---·-···---·------·-··------·--··----4-::6-::,7~95:----8-:-1,-:-687:::----7-4 ---13-.5----8.-8---50-.-0 ___ 2_8._2 ~~E~~~~$i.~:;~::~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=-·=·· =-·=·=·i=~;=-~=- ==1=~~=5=~=·=--=--=·-=--=-=~L=:-=--=--=·=··=·-=l=:i=-===l~;,;i=·=--=--=--=--=-~;;~,;i-===;;r,;i

Footnotes at end ·or table&. October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34969

Expenditures as a percentage Percent of total Expenditures in millions of GNP expenditures Percent 1952 1969 increase 1952 1969 1952 1969

Domesticservices ••• ------_____3_4_,5_4_8 __17_ 9_,9_16______420 10.0 19.3 3_6._9 ___6_2._0 Social welfare ' __ ------·------· - --- 19,101 118, 332 520 5.5 12.7 20.4 40. 8 Allother· ------· -·;,==15~· =44=7 ===61~,5=84======~==299 4.4 6. 6 ~1;;6 .;;5===2:;;1 ~.2 Exhibit : Education------8, 387 49,424 489 2.4 5. 3 9. 0 17.0 Social security and public welfare------6, 664 52,968 694 1. 9 5. 7 7.1 18.3 Health, hospitals and sanitariums ______------3, 414 13,189 286 1.0 1.4 3. 6 4. 5 Population of the United States, July I (in thousands>------. 157,553 203,213 29 Consumer Price Index ______--•• ----.------$92.5 $127.7 ------~ $345.5 $931.4 38 ------·------170 ------~~~fgn~1V~~:~~'(~f)M~~7:~~~~~~~~n}_-_~~~= ==~~======$291.4 $769.5 $216.7 1~ ------·------·- Personal consumption (billion). __ • __ --- ____ ------.-- .------$577.5 166 ------

t While part of the national debt results from peacetime deficits, the major part was inrurred Sources: The Nationallnco_me and Product Accounts of the United States,19~5 . a supplement during wars. of the Survey of Current Busmess, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1966· Survey of Current Busi­ ' Includes education; health, hospitals and sanitation; social security and public welfare; ness, July 1970 and Economic Indicators, July 1970 and 1967 supplement. labor; housing and community development. TABLE C.- PERSONAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, constituents. I continue to find this tech­ crime. This act authorizes direct assistance 1952 AND 1969 nique a valuable and useful tool in help­ by the Federal government to local police de­ !Dollars in millions] ing me to better represent my district partments. At my invitation, Police Commis­ and my people. sioner Frank Rizzo in March testified In sup­ port of this legislation before the House Ju­ Percent Last June I mailed my annual ques­ diciary Committee, which first considered the Type of product 1952 1969 increase tionnaire to every household in my b111 and on which I serve. In the last two northeast Philadelphia district. Over the fiscal years, this legislation was responsible TotaL ______$216,679 $577,458 167 summer months, the results were tabu­ for providing nearly $3 m1Jlion to the Phila ­ lated. I am now mailing these results to delphia police department. I. Food and tobacco ______68,357 131,943 93 II. Clothing, accessories the more than 140,000 households in my FIGHTING POLLUTION and jewelry ______26,416 59,387 125 district. Ill. Personal care ______2, 782 247 Our friends and neighbors alEC are con­ IV. Housing ______26,476 8~:~ 218 With the unanimous consent of my cerned about pollution and ranked it the V. Household operations •• 31,673 81,546 !58 colleagues, I would like to enter this most Nation's fourth rrost pressing problem and VI. Medical care expenses_ 10,225 42,569 316 the third problem of concern in the North­ VII. Personal business ____ _ 7, 791 31,921 310 recent report to my district in the VIII. Transportation ______25,097 78,002 211 RECORD: east. This is a concern I share. I have intro­ IX. Recreation ______12,102 36,305 200 duced legislation to help communities keep X. Private education and CONGRESSMAN JOSHUA EILBERG REPORTS their water supplies safe and another bill, research ______1,870 9,698 419 TO THE PEOPLE XI. Religious and welfare now law, which establishes standards and activities ______2, 784 8,161 193 OCTOBER 1970. programs to abate and control water pollu­ XII. Foreign travel and DEAR FRIEND: After a run summer of study­ tion from synthetic detergents. I am a spon­ other, net______1,106 4, 261 285 Ing the questionnaires I mailed to you in sor of a package of legislation designed to June, the results have been compiled and, as eliminate air pollution from automobile ex­ Source: The National Income and Product Accounts of the I promised. I am mailing these results to ev­ hausts and emissions by the mid-1970's. Ex­ United States, 19~5. a Supplement of the Survey of Current ery home in the Northeast. I was impressed perts have f.stlmated that from 60 percent to Business, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1966, and Survey of by the depth of your concern and the concern as high as 92 percent of air pollution in big Current Business, July 1970. of our friends and neighbors about the prob­ cities like "'hiladelphia can be directly traced lems of crime and drug abuse. The crime to the automobile. problem was listed as the second most press­ YOUR VIEWS ARE COUNTED ANNUAL POLL RESULTS Ing In the Nation and the single problem of most concern to people In the Northeast. On the reverse side, you will find the results of the questionnaire, reported by percentage HON. JOSHUA EILBERG FIGHTING CRIME on each response. I want tv thank the many, OF PENNSYLVANIA In this Congress I have sponsored more many people who answered this poll and all than a dozen b!lls designed to curb crime and those who added their own perceptive and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to give important assistance to local law en­ useful comments. Thank you for your con­ Monday, October 5, 1970 forcement officials. One of these b11Js, the Om­ sideration and attention. nibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act With best wishes, Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, each year Ainendments of 1970, extends the life of this Sincerely, I conduct an annual poll by mail of my major legislative innovation in the fight on JOSHUA EILBERG. CONGRESSMAN JOSHUA EILBERG REPORTS YOUR VIEWS

Un- No Un- No Yes No decided response Yes No decided response

1. Do you believe that inflation is under controL •• 89 3. Do you think the present social security beneftts are adequate? ______18 14 (b) If not where has inflation hurt you the most7 (check one): Percent (I) Food. ______------______58 4. Nonessential Government spending must be cut. If you were writing the Federal budget (2) Housing ______------______------______5 which program would you cut first? (check 1): (3) Education _____ ------___ ------______2 Percent (a) Crime·------1 (b) Defense.------15 ~i~ ~~~~!rr~;:~;:::::::::::::::::::: ::::::: ::::::::::::: :::::::::: :::::: :: } (c) Education· ------1 (7) Taxes------23 (d) Foreign aid __ ------45 No Response ______------______3 ~~ ~~guh.f:f_~--~== =::::: ======:=:::::::=:::::======: :======:=:= f Un- No ffi ~~~~!~~-"-"-n_t~~~~ ~ ======: === =:::: ::: =: =:::: =:::: :: =: =:: :::::::::: =:: 2~ Yes No decided response (i) Welfare______10 No response ______------__ ----- 1

(c) Do you think increased unemployment is an acceptable way to curb inftation? ______80 No Increase Decrease Response 2. Which tax do you resent the most: Percent (a) Federal incom•------24 5, Would you increase or cut Federal aid to: (a) Elementary and secondary public schools? __ 66 9 25 ~~? E~!1 ~~1~.-taie::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::======~~ (b) Private and parochial schoolsL ______37 40 23 No response ••••• ______---- __ ------5 (c) Colleges and universities? ______36 41 23 34:970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 CONGRESSMAN JOSHUA EILBERG REPORTS YOUR VIEWS-Continued

Un- No Unde- No Yes No decided response Yes No cided Response

6. (a) Which of the following constitutes the mostseri­ (c) Do you think persons outside the Internal Percent ous threat to your health and the health ol your Revenue Service should be allowed to see children? (check one): Perce;J your income tax return? ______93 11. (a) Would you reduce first offender penalties 1 41 52 (b) w~~~l~~er~~~:a~ T~eri~~~~~l;iisiciriiiose - 95 m~i~~~~~£8~~======~======1 12. Do you"i~?nie~~~m~ It~. ~nhdo~~c~~~:~rJssiioui.i - (b) Who 3: be permitted to vote? ______52 40 J~ ~~!~1~~~f~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~i~~~f~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ :i!: 13. Do you think Associate Justice William 0. Douglas should remain on the Supreme 7. (a) I do*~ not JK:~t~}£~:~!~~~ support an increase======:::::=::::=:=::::::::: in first-class 5~ 14. What ~~~~J ii.ink -.-r-e ilie iiiree ·.nasi iiressirii i>roblemsZVacing Am~~i~ todayl~ease mail postage to 8 cents. Do you?...... 18 75 6 list in order ol urgency. (Usi ng a weighted point system, the followmg results were (b) Rather, I believe junk mail rates should be tabulated by percentage.) substantially increased to pay their own 22 way. Do you agree?._. ______(1) Vietnam ______---·------___ ------96 (2) Crime and drug abuse ___ ------20 (c) I support strict prohibition of the mailing of (3) The economy ______------·------······-·· · · 18 unsolicited pornography. Do you agree? . . 92 (4) Pollution ... ------· 11 8. (a) Dom~~~ i~u8f~'i!o~iav~~~t~~~~~-~~~-~~t:_ 18 72 The remaining 29 percent went in descending order to racial problems._campus unrest, (b) Do you believe we should withdraw from 69 21 2 15. w~~f~~;x;~,;b1~~~~i~~eari~J~!a~~~~ ~frmn:st/oc~~c~~~tro";~u?(~~i~t~·~~i~hted point V•etnam? ...... ------system, the lollowing results were tabulated by percentage.) (c) If ~~·u~~{~~-~~~~~~~~~~-~~~-d:~~i~~-~a_s_t_ 23 46 24 31 9. Do you think the United States should sell m~~ib!i~ ~~o~luc~i~~~~~ -- ~ ~ :::::.:::: :.:·::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : 12 Phantom jets to Israel?. ______64 24 9 10. (a) Do you feel personally threatened by crime m~~~ri~~~aosport aiiiiri_-~ ~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 on the streets? ------­ 83 14 The remaining 40 percent went to a wide range of problems including high taxes, inade­ (b) Do you think the police should be able to quate and poorly kept recreationallacilities and parks, high rents, housing shortages, enter your home and search it without first knocking on your door?. •. -.-. __ --- 10 86 racial problems, and dirty streets and lots.

several thousand other controllers have efficient air transportation system a.re of RESOLUTION ON DISMISSAL OF para.mount importance to the welfare of the PROFESSIONAL AIR TRAFFIC received disciplinary leaves ranging from nation; and CONTROLLERS BY THE FEDERAL 2 to 30 days. Whereas the opera.tion of such a system is AVIATION ADMINISTRATION The U.S. District Court in Denver, not possible without the recruitment, tra.in­ Colo. issued a protective order to pre­ ing and utlllzation of highly skllled a.nd con­ vent 'the firing of controllers at that air­ scientious air tra.ffic control personnel; and HON. CLAUDE PEPPER port and the order was upheld by the Whereas the training and recruitment of OF FLORIDA u .s. Circuit Court of Appeals. The U.S. such air traffic control personnel Involves IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES District Courts in New York and Chicago substantial expense to the public; a.nd Monday, October 5, 1970 have also issued restraining orders Whereas such professional air traffic con­ against the FAA's firing of controllers. trollers are already in critica.l short supply Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, I am dis­ The FAA has established certain such as to enda.nger the continued efficient tressed by the discharge on Saturday, standards of disciplinary action, includ­ and safe opera.tion of this nation's air com­ October 3, of three air traffic controllers ing discharge against its employees and merce; and by the Federal Aviation Administration Wherea.s the Congress notes that recent has then charged officers of PATCO with personnel policies of the Federal Aviation Regional Manager in Miami, because of having violated such standards; but in Administration with respect to a.ir traffic their participation in the air traffic con­ applying the penalty of discharge FAA controllers ha.ve tended to penalize and in­ trollers' "sick-out," which was in pro­ has ignored its own standards; the offi­ timidate such personnel from adequately test over the unsafe operation of air traf­ cers have been discharged without rea­ performing their duties a.nd ha.ve resulted fic control systems. sonable basis solely upon the allegations in the questlona.ble discha.rge of a large num­ When I first receivec'. an urgent appeal made against them, and the agency has ber of such personnel; and from constituents that this was about to placed upon the officers of PATCO the Whereas it appears that in certain in­ occur, I immediately wired the Honorable burden of proving their innocence of stances discharges ha.ve been made without John A. Volpe, Secretary, Department complicity in the so-called sick-out. the support of substantia.! evidence and in of Transportation, urging that his de­ Many of my colleagues have petitioned viola.tion of the a.gency's appllcable a.dmlnJs­ partment, upon fair assurances from· the trative rules; and President Nixon to cease this action; Whereas the a.bove sa.id conditions and three men, decline to discharge them. I others have pleaded with Secretary Volpe pollcies tend to impair the na.tion's fl.ow of also wired the Regional Director of the to achieve a conciliation between the Na­ a.1r commerce and to enda.nger the publlc FAA, in Miami, urging his reconsidera­ tion's air traffic controllers and the FAA safety; tion of the action in light of all the cir­ and to give priority attention to improv­ Now, therefore, be it resolved that it is the cumstances. ing conditions affecting the country's air sense of the Congress tha.t the Federal Avia­ It was only this morning that I re­ traffic control system. tion Adinlnistration shall forthwith suspend ceived the following wire from Mr. R. None of these avenues of appeal have further a.dverse personnel actions against air P. Skully, Miami Area Manager, JPAA: proved to have made any impression on traffic control personnel, including dismissal, suspension or other adminlstratlve sanction, I ha.ve a.gain reviewed the indlv1dua.l cases the administration. It seems the time has until the Committee on Interstate a.nd For­ for Robert C. Eberst, Jera.ld L. Seeley and come to call a halt on the tendency of eign Commerce shall ha.ve lnvestiga.ted the Edgar Hunt a.nd can only conclude their independent congressional agencies from matter and reported thereon. Such Investiga­ discharge is appropria.te and will be ca.rried interfering with constitutional supervi­ tion and report shall specifically Include out October 3, 1970. sory functions of Congress. examination of the question of reinstate­ The alleged facts relating to these I urge my colleagues to agree to the ment, with back pay, of all those air traffic FAA dismissals indicate that FAA is Resolution on Dismissal of Professional controllers who have already been dismissed, taking punitive action against officers Air Traffic Controllers by the FAA which suspended or otherwise sanctioned by the of the Professional Air Traffic Control­ I have introduced today and now submit Federal Aviation Adm.inlstra.tion. lers Organization which action is un­ for the RECORD: Provided, however, that this resolution doubtedly discriminatory. Of the 55 con­ RESOLUTION ON DISMISSAL OF PROFESSIONAL shall not a.pply to a.dverse personnel actions trollers who have been fired as of last Am CONTROLLERS BY THE FEDERAL AVIATION aga.lnst a.ir tramc control personnel a.rlslng week, is it not unusual and not more than ADMINISTRATION from activities or actions engaged ln by such a matter of coincidence that 95 percent Whereas the safety and convenience of the personnel subsequent to th-e date of the of these controllers are PATCO officers; tra.vellng public a.nd the ma.intenance of an a.doption of this resolution. October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34:971 THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO made you slaves of this racist government. black, designed on a Spanish theme, are COMBAT FASCISM The N.C.C.F. has given Its all for you. Now quite striking. you must give to the N.C.C.F. Help us tree The group consists of 33 girls and is the New Orleans 14. Help us rebuild our headquarters. Help us feed the children. sponsored by the Knights of Columbus HON. JOHN R. RARICK 583 of Quincy, American Legion Post No. OF L0t1ISIAN A "If you are not part of the solution, you are part of the problem." 37, and Veterans of Foreign Wars Post IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A Jist of welfare recipants is being compiled 5129 of Quincy. Knights of Columbus Monday, October 5, 1970 by our field workers and area captains are 4175 of Springfield, Ill., have adopted being trained. All wel!are recipients will be the girls as their guests whenever they Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, a so-called contacted personally between October 1 and make an appearance in the capital city. National Committee to Combat Fascism October 10 and each month thereafter until appears to be operating within my State. we are rebuilt. Locally it is better known as the Black Minimum contribution ... 10% of welfare Panthers. check. STATES COMMEND CONGRESSMAN Our Commissioner of Welfare in Lou­ For more information come to 3540 Piety or call a ttorney Ernest Jones at 895-5733. MONAGAN FOR DONABLE PROP­ isiana has mailed to me a lea:fiet being ERTY WORK distributed to welfare recipients an­ nouncing that they will be contacted per­ HON. WILLIAMS. MOORHEAD sonally during the month of October and QUINCY GIRLS DRILL TEAM WINS each month thereafter for a minimum FIRST PLACE AT ILLINOIS STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA assessment of 10 percent of their welfare FAIR IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES check. Interestingly, the lawYer identified on Monday, October 5, 1970 the :flyer is a salaried attorney with an HON. PAUL FINDLEY · Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, for the OEO federally funded agency, the New OF ILLINOIS past two decades, a rather special Fed­ Orleans Legal Aid Corp. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral program, with which you yourself We have this date passed House Joint had much to do, has made it possible to Resolution 1388 providing for continuing Monday, October 5, 1970 give substantial amounts of Federal sur­ appropriations and S. 1461 raising the Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, Quincy's plus personal property to our States for fees for lawyers representing indigent award-winning Columbian Girls Drill public health, educational, and civil de­ criminal defendants. The appropriations Team placed :first in drill team competi­ fense purposes. The Special Studies Sub­ bill continues taxpayers' contributions tion on Veteraru; Day at the Illinois State committee of the Committee on Govern­ to the welfare programs without pro­ Fair. It was the first time that they had ment Operations, on which I serve, has viding any protection either to the giver brought home first-place honors, and the the assigned jurisdiction over this pro­ or the receiver from such exploiters as fulfillment of a 7-year-old dream for gram, under the able chairmanship of the National Committee to Combat Fas­ them. Congressman JOHNS. MONAGAN, of Con­ cism nor from legal aid lawYers who can About 7 years ago, a small group of necticut. Since 1961, Congressman MoN­ be expected to advise the poor that they people, remembering the big days of AGAN has charied the subcommittees of must pay the 10-percent tax on their drum and bugle corps in Quincy, asked the Committee on Government Opera­ welfare check. several service clubs and other organiza­ tions to which Chairman DAwsoN of the Mr. Speaker, I am sending a copy of tions to form a drill team thinking that full committee has assigned donable the lea:fiet and the welfare commission­ eventually Quincy would have another property matters. er's letter to the U.S. Attorney General championship drum and bugle corps. The Federal Property Act requires that and demanding an investigation toward From this beginning, the Columbian the management and distribution of don­ prosecution of this shakedown operation. Girls Drill Team was formed. able property within each State be han­ Who are the Black Panthers to call The girls range in age from 12 to 18 dled by a specific surplus property others Fascists? years and attend public and parochial agency. Every State, plus the District of I include a copy of Mr. Bonin's letter schools in Quincy. They come from every Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin and the :flyer he refers to, as follows: section of town, work together, play to­ Islands has its own agency for this pur­ pose. STATE OP LOUISIANA, DEPARTMENT gether and travel together. They all live OF PuBLIC WELFARE, as one big family-sharing tears when Recently, the National Association of Baton Rouge, September 30, 1970. things go wrong and cheers when things State Agencies for Surplus Property, dur­ Hon. JOHN R. RARICK, go right. The girls practice in the win­ ing its 23d Annual Conference in Den­ House of Representatives, ter, 2 nights a week, and almost every ver, Colo., unanimously adopted a reso­ House Office Building, night during the summer. lution directed to Congressman MoNAGAN Washington, D.O. Against stiff competition, the Colum­ which expresses the association's appre­ DEAR Sm: For your information, I am at­ bians placed second at the Illinois State ciation for his untiring support of the taching a leaflet being distributed in New Fair in 1966 and 1968. In June 1970, they donation program. I feel the resolution Orleans. You will note that welfare recipients again took second place honors at the is strong testimony to Congressman are to be contacted by members of the MoNAGAN's long and effective contribu­ N.C.C.F. (National Committee to Combat VFW State Convention drill team con­ Fascism), also locally known as The Black test in Springfield and second place at tion to the objectives of the program. I Panthers. the American Legion contest at Chicago am pleased, therefcre, to call the resolu­ I would like to call to your attention that in July. At each contest they competed tion to the attention of our colleagues by they list Ernest Jones as one to furnish addi· against all the drill teams in the State including it in the REcoRD at this point: tional information. Mr. Jones Is an attorney of Illinois. Twice in 1967 and 1968 they Whereas, Honorable John S. Monagan, dis­ with the New Orleans Legal Aid Corporation, entered the national contest in Milwau­ tinguished member of the House of Rep­ an OEO funded agency. kee and placed 11th both years. resentatives from the state of Connecticut, Sincerely yours, has demonstrated his interest in and sup­ GARLAND L. BONIN, Until August 16, 1970, the Columbian port of the Donable Surplus Property Pro­ Commissi oner of Public Welfare. Girls Drill Team had done a great job gram; and for their community and for their State. Whereas, Congressman Monagan as Chair­ Power to the people. . . . Power to the But the No. 1 recognition had eluded man of the Special Sub-Committee on Sur­ people. them. Then, on Veterans Day, all the plus Property has worked diligently and Who are the people??? You are the people. practice paid off. They won top honors faithfully to promote the Donable Surplus You the people of desire. Of Gert Town. 01 in the State. Property Program; lower-nine. Of all the whit~ racist owned The people in Quincy and the sur­ Therefore be It resolved, that the mem­ ghettos of New Orleans. You the people of bers of the National Association of State the pig controlled :,Jrojects. You are the rounding area have much to be proud of. Agencies tor Surplus Property by copy of this people. The group has been self-supporting since resolution express to Congressman Monagan The oppressive, racist government ot this it was organized, raising money from thelr sincere appreciation and thanks for country has taken away your dignity by pay­ card parties, contests, and donations. his untiring support of the Donable Surplus ing you tor not worltlng. The welfare haa Their uniforms of turquois, white and Property Program. CXVI-2202-Part 26 34972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 TRASHING THE RECORD dent-- or elude h is comprehension-is the PROSPECTS FOR MORE DOCTORS commission's suggestion that students are deeply concerned about the war and racial HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM injustice and also about the verbal attacks HON. DONALD M. FRASER OF NEW YORK on such legitimate concern by politicians OF MINNESOTA in pursuit of votes. He clearly dislikes the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commission's plea for a Presidential ·admo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 5, 1970 nition that "in the current pol!c!tal cam­ Monday, October 5, 1970 p aign and throughout the years ahead . .. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, we no one play irresponsible politics with the Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the lead should all be thankful for our great issue of campus unrest." paragraphs of a Sunday, September 27, newspapers, that are both free and dili­ Mr. Agnew chides the commission for not 1970, Minneapolis Tribune story by Lewis gent. In a memorable editorial, the New denouncing as an "utter falsehood" the Cope dramatically describe an impor­ York Times has shown with superb clar­ st udents' charge that the nation In engaged tant development in Minnesota medicine: ity the kind of a man that we have as in "an immoral war." Does Mr. Agnew truly believe t hat any Presidential commission The equivalent of a small new medical Vice President. After reading this edi­ that seeks to attain credibility wit h a con­ school will open In Minne.apolls on Monday torial, one wonders how Mr. AGNEW can cerned generat ion of young Americans must to help meet the need for more doctors In expect his self-righteous pose to be taken extol the morality of the nation's Indochina the state. seriously. policies? Actually, It's just the University of Min­ The editorial, which appeared in the "There is," said the commission, "a deep nesota Medical School starting a new year­ New York Times for October 1, follows : continuity between all Americans, young and but with a major increase in enrollment . TRASHING THE RECORD old, a continuity that Is being obscured In This expansion was made possible by a our growing polarization." It would be an un­ National Institute of Health-NIH­ There Is little hope for a return t o an estimable tragedy if the Administration atmosphere of reason In the relationship be­ shared Mr. Agnew's Insensitivity to this grant under the NIH Physicians Aug­ tween the st udents and t he American people threat . mentation Program-PAP. if VIce President Agnew's distortions of the On October 1 the Tribune published President's Commission on Campus Unrest an editorial on this development. The are a preview of the Nixon Administration's editorial points out that the new class response. THE SOVIET THREAT In hls Sioux Falls, SD., fund-raising includes seven black and two American speech, Mr. Agnew deliberately created t he Indian students. impression of a report that Is soft on radi­ HON. SAMUELS. STRATTON The Tribune could have added that cals. His attack undermines the commission's there are also 21 women in the incoming primary effort--to bring about a new era of OF NEW YORK medical school class. This expansion and reconc!l!at!on. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES broadening of my alma mater's medical Here are some of the discrepancies be­ Monday, September 28, 1970 school student population is an en­ tween what the VIce President said the com­ couraging move. To meet the grave need mission said and what it actually did say: Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, the for more physicians without lowering Mr. Agnew: "To lay responsiblllty for end­ chairman of the Armed Services Com­ standards we must tap sources of ing student disruption at the doorstep of this mittee, the Honorable L. MENDEL RIVERS, President--In office twenty months-Is talented and qualified individuals pre­ has today sounded the alarm loud and viously largely ignored. •scapegoat !ng' of the most Irresponsible clear as to the Soviet threat. sort." The alarm has needed special sounding The article and editorial follows: The Commissi on: "We urge t hat t he Pres­ " U" FRESHMAN MEDICAL CLASS GROWS BY 65 ident exercise his reconciling moral leader­ with respect to the Soviet submarine ship as the first step to prevent violence menace. Our chairman today has indeed (By Lewis Cope) and create underst anding.. . . We recom­ spread this awesome threat across the The equivalent of a small new medical mend that the President seek t o convince record. school will open in Minneapolis on Monday public officials and protesters alike that divi­ But, there is more that needs saying. to help meet the need for more doctors in sive and insulting rhetoric Is dangerous." Our ability to meet this Soviet submarine the state. Mr. Agnew: " . .. The President cannot Actually, It's just the University or Min­ threat is being slashed. A major portion nesota Medical School starting a new year­ replace the campus cop." of the cuts that have been made in our The Commi ssion: "We h ave deep sympathy but with a major Increase In enrollment. for peace officers-local and state pollee, na­ Navy have been in the shi:Ps and planes There will be 227 first-year medical stu­ tional guardsmen and campus security of­ responsible for antisubmarine warfare. dents this year, and the school plans to ficers--who must deal with all types of In addition, we have failed to provide continue with freshman classes or about this campus disorder. . . • We therefore urge the moneys needed for the extensive re­ size In future years. Until now, the school that peace officers be trained and equipped search and development vital to our anti­ has accepted only about 162 beginning med­ to deal wit h campus disorder firmly, justly ical students a year. submarine warfare defense. Hence, the school ls starting a program and humanely." Only 6 days ago our Subcommittee on Mr. Agnew : "It (the report) is sure to be that will increase its output of new doctors taken as more pablum for the permissivists." Antisubmarine Warfare made a report by about 65 a year. To Illustrate the com­ on its visit to the Mediterranean area, parative impact of this, about a fourth of The Commission: "S tudents who bomb and the 100 medical schools in the nation are In burn are criminals. . . . There can be no "Trip to the Mediterranean Area, August more 'trashing,' no more rock t hrowing, no 31 to September 5, 1970, Made by the the "70 graduates or less a year" category. Subcommittee on Antisubmarine War­ Minnesota Is simply a big medical school more arson, no more bombing by protest­ tha t has grown bigger this year. ers . . . Criminal acts by st udents must fare." In that report the subcommittee "In recent years Minnesota has ranked be treated as such wherever t hey occur pointed out the weaknesses of the 6th among the 10 largest medical schools in the and whatever their purpose . . . Faculty Fleet. It stressed the needs for increased nation," Dr. H . Mead Cavert, associate dean , members who engage in or lead disruptive antisubmarine efforts in the Mediter­ said. "Now our enrollment of first year stu­ conduct have no place In the university com­ ranean. There the greatly increased dents w!ll ra nk somewhere In the top six." munity.. .." Soviet naval operations, combined with A federal grant, under a short-term crash Mr. Agnew: "Nor can one find in tha t re­ program, made it possible to start the In­ port the justified recognition of the enor­ the recently acquired ability to use the northern shores of Africa, constitute a creased enrollment this year. New fac!l!t!es mous contribution of the working men and are to be built to accommodate the larger women of this country whose taxes have real threat to our Sixth Fleet and to the classes on a permanent basis. built most of our great colleges and univer­ southern shores of Europe. Two other points about this year 's fresh­ sities and who have rights within those in­ Mr. Speaker, I cannot praise the chair­ man medical class: s titutions as well." Seven blacks and two Indians are among T he Commission: "Mill1ons o! Americans­ man of the Armed Services Committee generations past and present--have given too highly for his efforts in bringing the the class members. The Indians are believed their vision, their energy, and their patient Soviet naval threat home to all in the to be the first such students In the medical House. I :Pray that our people will wake school's history, and never before h ave there labor to make us a more just nation and a been more than two blacks In a class. more humane people. • .. It is a consider­ up to the real menace long before the These students were recruited under a new able inheritance; we must not squander or Soviet submarines line up off our shores faculty policy to seek out such students. destroy it." and we receive an ultimatum to give up One aim Is to give minority group mem­ What appears to anger the Vice Presl- our freedom and our sovereignty. bers a chance to achieve equality of oppor- October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34973 tunity in the key profession of medicine. eludes seven black students and two In­ funds to create coordinated planning Another is that such students are likely to dians-not large numbers, but an encour­ agencies in States, improve recruiting be particularly motivated to practice in pov­ aging representation in comparison with the erty areas, where the need for physicians 18 very few minority students admitted in the procedures, construct law-enforcement acute. past. facilities, improve community-police re­ There are 21 women among the 227 fresh­ Another significant development in medi­ lations, and encourage education in law men medical students this year. cal tralnlng ls the opening of Hennepin enforcement and crime prevention. In About the same proportion of women ap­ County General Hospital's new family-prac­ fiscal year 1970, New Jersey received plicants is accepted as men appllcants, Dr. tice clinic. Involved in this will be resident $641,000 in planning grant funds and Cavert said. But he explained that m any doctors who Intend to specialize In general $6,372,000 in action grants. Programs more men apply each year. practice In the future. The program is fi­ undertaken include a narcotics educa­ Many medical schools regularly accept nanced by a grant of $400,000 from the 1969 only a handful of women students each Legislature, which was concerned about the tion project, a project to improve the year-some as few as one. These schools shortage of doctors going into family prac­ response time of police to radioed calls have been criticized by Women's Liberation tice, especially in rural areas. and formation of a statewide organized leaders. There Is no guarantee that the additional crime unit. This year's increase in freshmen medical doctors In tl:alnlng at the university, or all OMNIBUS FEDERAL DISTRICT JtTDGE SHlP BILL OF student enrollment was made possible by a. of those specializing In family practice at 1970 $1-milllon grant from the National Insti­ General Hospital, or enrolled in the univer­ tutes of Health under Its Physicians Aug­ sity's new department of family practice, will This measure provides 61 additional mentation Program (PAP), designed to help remain In the state. But records at both Federal judges to help eliminate the ex­ fill the national need for more physicians. institutions show that high percentages of cessive backlog of criminal cases in The school expects to get similar PAP those they train do stay in practice In this Federal courts. grants w cover the new, higher level of area. So increasing the numbers in tralnlng 1970 AMENDMENTS TO THE OMNmUS CRIME enrollment through the next few years. here seems an encouraging step toward in­ CONTROL AND SAFE STREETS ACT (PASSED PAP is just a five-year program. But that creasing the supply of physicians for Min­ HOUSE, AWAITING SENATE ACTION) fits in perfectly with University of Minne­ nesota. sota. plans. This most important anticrime meas­ The last session of the Legislature approved ure provides vital improvements to the the start of a major building program, de­ CONGRESSMAN RODINO REPORTS original act, incluciing the allocation of signed to Increase medical class size to about priority funds to urban high-crime areas 225 students by 1973. ON HIS MAJOR LEGISLATIVE AC­ TIVITIES that most need financial ald to prevent Then the federal PAP program was an­ the robberies, rapes, and attacks that nounced and "this enabled us to expand that much faster," Dr. Cavert said. menace every citizen. The committee Most schools that have received PAP HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. authorized $650 million for 1971, $1 bil- grants are expanding class sizes by at most OF NEW JERSEY - lion for 1972, and $1.5 billion for 1973. 15 students, knowing that the PAP funds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ANTIOBSCENITY BILL (PASSED HOUSE, AWllTING will run out after five years. SENATE ACTION) But Dr. Cavert explained that Minnesota., Monday, October 5, 1970 knowing permanent facilities are on the way, This bill makes it a Federal offense Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, now that to use interstate facilities, including the was able to get the largest PAP grant given we are nearing the end of the 91st Con­ any school. mails, to transport WlSoliciterl salacious "We would not have seriously considered gress, I think it is appropriate to report advertising. It also increases substan­ this program without the plans for perma­ to my constituents on some of the most tially the penalties for offenses under the nent expansion," Dr. Cavert said. important legislative actions of the bill and supplements legislation approved "Things will be very crowded for a few House Judiciary Committee of which I earlier to prohibit delivery of obscene years unt il new facilities are built," he said. am a member. material to children and to enable citi­ "It's less than optimal, but we can get by CRIME CONTROL for a short while." zens to prevent the receipt of sex­ He noted that the increased class size will Of the 19 areas of legislative responsi­ oriented advertising. require the hiring of about a dozen faculty bility of the committee, undoubtedly the EXPLOSIVES CON T ROL AN D ANTIBOM BJNG BILL members. It would have been hard to recruit one of greatest public interest in this (RODINO BILL, H .R. 18476, AMENDED BY COM• them for only a temporary program, he ex­ Congress is that of crime prevention MlTTEE AND INCLUDED IN S. 30, NOW plained, but since they know their jobs will and control. As ranking member of the AWArriNG HOUSE ACTION) be permanent there has been no problem. subcommittee to which most of the ma­ In all, there will be 748 students in all My bill to establish strong regulation four classes. The junior and senior classes jor anticrime measures are referred, I of explosives and bombs has been ap­ receive some extra students who transfer have had a leading role in the develop­ proved with committee amendments. It from schools olferlng only the first two years ment of a wide variety of significant establishes licensing and recordk.eeping of t ralning. crime control bills. The most important regulations for dealers in explosives, pro­ While medical school is normally a four­ in recent years include: hibits mail-order sales to individuals, year program, the University of Minnesota THE LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1965 and the sale to anyone under 21 years Is one of a small number of schools that allows some students to get through in three This act initiated modernization of of age. It also broadens and increases years by skipping summer vacations. This the Nation's criminal justice system and existing Federal penalties for the unlaw­ also is designed to help meet the present authorized the Justice Department to ful transportation of explosives and use shortage of doctors. assist State, local, and private groups to of the mails or telephone to convey bomb strengthen crime control programs. It threats. PROSPECTS FOR MORE DOCTORS IN STATE also provided grants to local and State ORGANIZED CRIME CONTROL BILL (S. 30, PASSED After years of talk about the need for more agencies to improve police work, correc­ SENATE, APPROVED WrrH HOUSE JtTDICIARY doctors in Minnesota, this !all the University tional systems, courts, and prosecutors. COMMITTEE I MENDMENTS AND NOW AWArr• of Minnesota Medical School is able to take XNG HOUSE ACTION) major action. The new freshman class has GUN CONTROL ACT OF 1968 This complex measure, which the Sen­ 227 students-55 more than last year's class. This measure channeled firearms ate considered for over a year, stems Long-range planning for expansion of the through federally licensed dealers and whole health-sciences complex at the uni­ from efforts to implement recommenda­ prohibited mail-order sales of guns. It tions of the Presidential Commission on versity provides for comparable enlargement imposed reasonable requirements to keep of the medical school by 1973. The speed-up Law Enforcement and the Administra­ is made possible by a federal grant under guns out of the hands of drug addicts, tion of Justice. It contains 12 substan­ the new Physicians Augmentation Program, mental incompetents, felons, fugitives, tive titles to improve Federal authority a plan to add 1,000 medical students to usual individuals considered dangerous, and to deal with organized crime. It enrollments in the country this year. The minors. strengthens the legal means of obtaining university medical faculty, to its credit, OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL. AND SAFE STREETS usable evidence, brings any major il­ agreed to handle the additional students in ACT OP 1968 legal gambling operation within Federal spite of the Inconvenience and crowding in­ evitable until more teaching tactlltles can This act created the Law Enforcement jurisdiction, makes it a crime to use in­ be constructed. Assistance Agency to administer a come from organized crime to acquire or In addition to the boost in class size, U; grants program to distribute crime­ establish a legal business, and authorizes is noteworthy that the incoming group in- fighting funds to States. It provides increased sentences for habitual crimi- 34974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 nals who pose a continuing danger to In the 9lst Congress, my subcommittee REPORT TO lOTH DISTRICT OF society. developed a bill, now law, that solves VIRGINIA NAIICOriCS CONrROL-THE RODINO PLAN some of the problems. Its major features To a large extent, the very core of the are: To facilitate the entry into the United States of certain nonimmigrant HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL Nation's crime problem is narcotics ad­ OF VmGINIA diction. In urban high crime areas, over aliens of distinguished merit and ability, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 50 percent of crimes are committed by such as executives of companies engaged addicts. Trame in narcotics finances or­ in international trade, doctors, profes­ Monday, October 5, 1970 ganized crime on an international scale. sors, and nurses; to permit the fiancees of citizens to enter as nonimmigrants; Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. Pushers of heroin and other hard nar­ Speaker, my final newsletter for 1970 was cotics prey on our children. Narcotics and to eliminate the 2-year foreign residence requirement for certain ex­ mailed to 100,000 northern Virginia fam­ addiction has become truly a national ilies last month. As I believe the items epidemic. For this reason, I have for­ change visitors. Current problems that still require ac­ covered might be of interest to American mulated a comprehensive, three-pronged citizens elsewhere, I insert the text at attack on narcotics. tion are: Development of an improved preference system; perfection of the this point in the RECORD: NARCOTIC ADDICT REHABILrrATION ACT OF 1970 labor certification procedures in a fair CONGRESSMAN JOEL T. BROYHILL REPORrs TO (RODINO BILL, H.ll., 17269) and uniform manner; the decline in Irish THE PEOPLE OF THE 10TH CoNGRESSIONAL My bill would require medical super­ and Western European immigration; and DISrRicr OF VmGINIA, SEPTEMBER 1970 vision and control of every person known the backlog in immigration of brothers As the 91st Congress moves into its clos­ to be an addict, with mandatory confine­ Ing days, I send you my final newsletter for and sisters, particularly from Italy, My 1970. The number of subjects covered again ment if necessary. Treatment would be bill, H.R. 17370, contains provisions to dictated a lengthy Issue, for which I apolo­ under the Public Health Service, but my remedy all of these problem areas, and gize, but I hope to send shorter and more bill would not interfere with criminal extensive hearings have already been frequent reports next year. prosecutions of addicts charged with held on it. I am hopeful of action in the While I have had the pleasure of discuss­ crimes. It has the support of law enforce­ next Congress. ing major issues personally with many ment omcials and the American Medical thousands of you, I hope to hear from more INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMl'rTEE FOR EUROPEAN of you In the future. It has always been my Association, and is under active consid­ MIGRATION-THE WORLD REFUGEE PROBLEM: eration by the Judiciary Committee. conviction that the citizens of Northern VIr­ I will again be serving as senior ad­ ginia are entitled to a first-hand assessment Under the second phase of my pro­ of legislation from their Congressman, and gram, such use of public health omcials viser to the U.S. delegation at the 1970 meetings of the Intergovernmental Com­ at no time In the eighteen years I have been to control narcotics addicts would free in the House of Representatives has it been law-enforcement omcials to conduct vig­ mittee for European Migration. This 31- more essential for all of us to know the facts orous crackdowns on one of the most member nation committee is expected to behind the governmental process, as well as heinous criminals in our society-the move over 800,000 refugees during 1970 the motivation and Intention of our public narcotics pusher. to new homelands. leaders. With this in mind, I hope you will NORrH ATLANTIC ASSEMBLY-INrERNATIONAL find thiS report useful and informative. SANCriONS AGAINSr COUNTRIES PERMITTING IL­ LEGAL NARCOriCS EXPORrB (RODINO BILL, H.R. ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION FOREIGN rRADE 18397) As a result of my efforts in the foreign The House Ways and Means Committee The third step in my program is strong relations area, for the past 8 years I have recently completed work on an omnibus action to eliminate the supply of illegal served as a delegate to the NATO North :oS:t! ~~~ ~s!:~o~~d~~~wto a~~~~~r~:d narcotics entering our country. My bill Atlantic Assembly, composed of members roadways to relief for domestic Industries would impose economic sanctions on of the NATO nations' parliaments. I am and workers hurt by Imports. foreign governments that fail to take Vice Chairman of the Scientific and our overriding aim was to develop legisla­ adequate measures to curb illegal pro­ Technical Committee, which has had a tion which would help our country's enter­ duction and processing of such drugs. continuing, special concern about inter- prises compete under conditions of world national environmental problems such as trade today. Some 140 Members of the House are air and water pollution, ocearrographic Unlike bygone eras, these times demand cosponsors of my bill, and I am pressing for action on it by the House Foreign research, and fisheries resources. We ~~~o~~i~:~ t~!~~-a~~ S:a~~e~na.!.~eth!r~~: A1fairs Committee. have also worked on desalination of challenged giant of global trade. Other na­ water, global hunger, and the exchange ttons, notably ~ast-rising Japan and Ger­ SrATE TAXATION OF INrERSTATE COMMERCE of information on drugs. The committee many, are ofl'er!ng us strong and growing The Special Subcommittee on State has always been particularly interested competition for both goods and markets Taxation of Interstate Commerce, of in U.S. environmental activities, and 2 throughout the world. Also of significance which I am chairman, has worked assid­ years ago I presented a survey of air pol- are the mushrooming international trading uously for years to develop an equitable lution in the United States. Last year I blocs, such as the European Economic Com­ and workable interstate tax system. In reported on the Santa Barbara oil spill, :~:~r~o;e popularly known a~ the Com­ this Congress, my Interstate Taxation and for the 1970 meeting later this fall · Against this background, the Committee Act has passed the House and is await­ I am preparing a study of U.S. water tried to perfect a bill which would work in ing Senate action. It has support from pollution control policies. three directions: business groups across the country. 1. To encourage substantial and profitable IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ISSUES increases in the exports of U.S. goods to other countries. Another of my major responsibilities 2. To ofl'er tangible assurances to our trad­ MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ ing partners that the U.S. remains ready and on the Judiciary Committee is on immi­ HOW LONG? gration and naturalization and refugee willtng to negotiate for fairer and freer trade. policy. As ranking member of the Immi­ 3. To establish, for American Industries and workers, provisions of law which would gration Subcommittee, I can report that HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE enable them to gain prompt and adequate re­ we have made significant improvements OF IOWA lief from the ravages of large and unusual in these laws. OUr objective is a flexible IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES increases of Imports. immigration system to meet ' the needs Monday, October 5, 1970 The bill's principal ingredient to spur ex­ of the United States, not only domesti­ ports Is a provision which would perm! t cally but in our foreign relations. The Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child American businessmen to establtsh Domestic 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: International Sales Corporations, or DISCs. repealed the national origins system and "How is my son?:' A wife asks: " Is my Under present law, American fl.rzns can set up foreign subsidiaries, which are able to established our basic policy-to reunite husband alive or dead?" take advantage of lower cost labor abroad. families, give preference to aliens whose Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ Also advantageous Is a provision of law al­ skills we need, and recognize the plight cally practicing spiritual and mental gen­ lowing the income of these foreign subsidi­ of refugees. However, as in the case of ocide on over 1,500 American prisoners of aries to remain untaxed untU it 1s returned any complex law, unforeseen inequities war and their families. to the United States. and problems have arisen. How long? The Committee's bill would extend thts October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34:975 same tax deferral priVilege to the DISCs. ot duty Impositions or any other restriction abuse. The bill also revises the entire struc­ Their profits would not become subject to against products of the offending country. ture of criminal penalties Involving con­ u.s. Income tax until distributed to share­ In viewing this, and all the other provi­ trolled drugs by providing a consistent holders. sions of the bill, It is Important to keep In method of treatment of all persons accused In giving DISCs the same tax deferral ad­ mind that the present law, the Trade Expan­ of violations. While mere possession of con­ vantage now enjoyed by foreign subsidiaries, sion Act of 1962, Is eight years old. World trolled drugs Is made a misdemeanor, m anu­ the aim, of course, Is to encourage American trade has changed drastically over t.hese In­ facture or sale of Illicit drugs is punishable enterprises to manufacture goods domes­ tervening years, and we urgently need a new by up to 15 years in prison In the case of tically and ship them abroad, thus keeping law for a new set of conditions. the most dangerous drugs, and second of­ both jobs and capital at home. The Trade Act of 1970 was tailored to these fenses would carry double the penalty for It also should encourage American busi­ current demands. It is today's law-to meet first offense. nessmen, who are not now Interested In the needs of today, and hopefully, tomorrow, The bill also establishes a presidential world markets, to become exporters and thus too. commission on marijuana and drug abuse further Improve our count ry's balance of DRVG ABVSE which w111 study and report to the Congress trade position. The Ways and Means Commi ttee also has within one year on problems Involved In In an effort to show American willingness been occupied this summer with a problem mariju ana use, and within two years on t he to be conc!l!atory In world trade, the Com­ of paramount Interest, and concern, to many causes of drug abuse and their relative sig­ mittee Included a provision In the bill pav­ segments of our society, especially parents n ific ance. Ing the way for removal of the so-called and young people. VIETNAM American Selling Price (ASP) system of cus­ This problem has to do with drugs-and During the past few months the American toms valuation. how t o cope with t hem. people h ave regained their trust and confi­ For some time now, our trading partners Until 1968, the control of narcotics and dence in the words, promises and policies of have raised strong objections to the ASP other dangerous substances was scattered their government with regard to Vietnam. system, which means that tariffs on certain among the departments and agencies of the The President has made basic decisions to chemicals and. other products are based upon Federal government. Also, there were varied change the course of the war, acting on the the American wholesale price of the prod­ laws, h andled by several different commit­ available alternatives In full view of the pub­ ucts Involved. tees of the Congress, to deal with these lic. And In every instance he has fulfilled In effect, the Committ ee voted to au­ items. the pledges he has made based on t hese thorize the President to proclaim an end to But under the Reorganization Plan which decisions. ASP, whenever he !eels this country has went into effect In 1968, control of these He promised n ot t o send In more t roops; received, In return, the best possible con­ substances was placed under one Federal he promised to start bringing t he t roops cessions from our trading partners. agency-the Just ice Department's Bureau h om e; he promised to supplant our t roops Hopefully, this would be good visible evi­ of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs. with fully trained and fully supported South dence that the United States remains com­ A move Is now underway In Congress to Vietnamese forces, so t hat our withdrawal mitted to the principle of give-and-take in bring together the divergent, pertinent would not result In a Communist conquest global trade, and In fact, Is willing to go laws-t9 reorganize them and to place them and bloodbath; and he promised that our a little more than half-way to meet the other in a single statute to be enforced by the troops would leave Cambodia prompt ly after p arty. Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs. t heir successful sa nctuary strikes. The bill recognizes also that sound trad­ In keeping with this aim, the Committee The big Inside news from Vietnam recent ly ing must be reciprocal, that trade should be on Ways and Means agreed to participate and Indicat es that a dramatic reversal of groun d fair as well as free. cooperate In the legislative reorganization. combat roles now has been achieved, wit h A number of provisions are included along As a result, we are retaining jurisdiction over South Vietnamese forces replacing almost all these lines, among them a strengthened "es­ Importation and exportation, but we are American combat troops along the borders of cape clause" mechanism which would provide leaving t o the Interstate and Foreign Com­ Cambodia and Laos. for more automatic relief, In the form Of ad­ merce Committee the handling of domestic Eight een months ago, thousands of Amer­ justed tariffs or quotas or both, if a domes­ traftlc In these substances, ranging all the Ican troops were pinned down with the nasty tic Industry could not only show escape way from marijuana through heroin to the responsibility of fighting North Vletname3e clause injury but meet additional criteria hallucinogens such as LSD. Invaders from the jungles and mountain demonstrating damage from the Inroads of If this legislative reorganization is success­ frontiers of these two nations. Now, however, Imports. ful, there will be uniform requirements for our troops have been almost completely re­ The bill further provides for specific quotas those licensed to handle narcotics and drugs, placed by South Vietnamese grourtd forces. on Imports of certain textile articles and and un!!orm penalties for those who deal In We continue to man some artillery out ­ shoes. These would be lim.lted by cat egory them ill!cltly. posts and provide helicopter and bomber and by country to an annual amount equal Our concern, in the Ways and Means Com­ support. But since the Administration began to t he average for the years 1967, 1968 and mittee, was to help make the law just, and the policy of responsible withdrawal of our 1969. the enforcement of it more efficient. We en­ combat forces, South Vietnamese have re­ In taking this action, the Committee made deavored, In preparing our portion of the placed our soldiers along all but a small part clear Its hope that principal supplying na­ overall b!ll to offer due protection for the of South Vietnam's jungle and mountain tions would be willing to open negotiations innocent and mercy for the youthful first boundaries. leading to voluntary limitations on Imports, offender, but at the same time to make It The only American combat units now left similar to the arrangement which now exists tough and therefore unprofitable for the along the frontier are the equivalent of one between our government and the leading "pushers", the Importers and the other "hard Infantry brigade operating In the northern steel producers of Japan. cases" whose aim is to corrupt our ch!Idren. part of the milit ary region in which Saigon If such a voluntary agreement could be The Committee on Interstate and Foreign Is located. worked out, tor textiles or shoes, it would su­ Commerce reported the drug abuse bill just The most dramatic change has been m ade persede provisions of the bill, even if the before the Congressional recess, and the rec­ In the provinces closer to the South Viet ­ measure had become law by this time. ommendations of the Committee on Ways namese capital. Three months ago American Woven throughout the blll, in all Its pro­ and Means were Included as Title III of the troops formed the outer line of defense there, visions which could lead to Increased tariff b1l!. against t hree North Vietnamese divisions or Import quotas, Is an overriding clause al­ Title I of the bill attthorlzes the Depart­ along the border. South Vietnamese troops lowing the President to decline to take ac­ ment of Health, Education and Welfare to were for the most part concentrated In t he tion whenever and wherever he feels It would Increase Its efforts In the rehab!Iitation, Inner ring around Saigon. be cont rary to the national interest. treatment, and prevention of drug abuse, Now those roles are reversed. The Sout h The bill allows the President to be highly through community mental health centers Vietnamese man the front lines against t he fiex!ble In his actions on trade, and extends and through public health service hospitals enemy, a decisive product of our policy of his authority to proclaim reductions in rates and fac!Iitles. Increased research and train­ Vietnamizatlon. of duty. His tariff cutting authority would Ing are also authorized through the National In the South, In the Mekong Delta, South be limited generally to 20 percent of the rates Institute of Mental Health, and the bill Vietnamese units have been acting alone, of duty which will exist when the final stage would likewise encourage treatment of nar­ except for American support, since our Nint h Of the Kennedy Round reduction is made cotic addicts by private physicians. Infantry Division pulled out last summer, effective, under the General Agreement on Control of drug abuse through registration leaving no U.S. ground maneuver battalions Tariffs and Trade, on January 1, 1972. of manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and In the Delta. The bill also gives the President added au­ all others in the legitimate distribution In the Central Highlands, South Vietnam­ thority to act against discriminatory moves chain would be vested In the Department of ese forces are now responsible for the entire by other countries. Whenever another nation Justice, and all transactions outside the border with Cambodia and Laos. The U.S. Imposes restrictions which unjustifiably or legitimate distribution chain would be made Fourth Division moved Its headquarters away unreasonably burden United States com­ Ulegal. Drugs specifically named for control from the border tour months ago. merce, the President Is directed to take such Include all hard narcotics and opiates, mari­ Progress has been slower in the northern action as he deems necessary and appropri­ juana, all hallucinogens, amphetamines, proVinces and along the dem1lltar!zed zone at e. This counteraction could take the form barbituates and tranquilizers subject to between South and North Vietnam. But 34976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 even in these areas, South Vietnamese troops withdrawing by a certain date no matter ment and agency. Low priority programs were are taking up the initiative. Combat re­ what happens? Why wouldn't they just for deferred, much waste was eliminated, and sponsibility is now at least shared, being no It to be delivered to them? methOds are now being developed for con­ longer a sole U.S. operation, and our mission The honor of America. For the first time in trolling such runaway costs as those which is changing !rom combat to one ot supply our history, an American army would trudge have plagued the medicaid program. and support. home in a posture of defeat, If we pull out The President's Fiscal 1971 budget was Much of this shift in ground combat roles before our best military and political judg­ strongly anti-inflationary. It was the first has taken place since the successful strikes men~ Indicates. And, If South VIetnam fell budget in history to emphasize long-range at the Communist sanctuary bases In Cam­ under such overnight pressure, then 285,000 planning by predicting domestic expendi­ bodia.. Americans would have suffered and 43,000 tures five years In advance. But even more We all remember the wall of woe that went would have died for nothing. dramatic was a shift in our national spend­ up In some quarters when the Cambodian The safety of our troops. If we order our ing priorities. operation was launched. We were told that men out on some sort of hasty, pell-mell For the first time In twenty years, defense It meant the end of our staged withdrawal pattern, what would happen to them If their spending has fallen below human resources program and the end of the Paris negotia­ reckless retreat was hit by a major Commu­ spending. In 1969 we were spending 44 per­ tions. The critics said It meant that Ameri­ nist attack? It could be a battlefield disaster cent of our budget for defense and only 34 can troops would be bogged down in still unprecedented in our history. percent for human resources. But the 1971 another Southeast Asian nation for years to The other nations of Southeast Asia. All of budget calls for 37 percent for defense and come. the neighboring governments now are strug­ 41 percent for human resources. Space ex­ It was loudly If not responsibly forecast gling with their own wars of Communist sub­ penditures have also been significantly re­ that the U.S. troops would not be quickly version and invasion. Thousands of enemy duced. Altogether, space and defense ex­ withdrawn from Cambodia and that, to the troops are active within their borders. Can penditures were reduced by some $6 billion contrary, more and more would be assigned anyone doubt they aiso would go under if in the 1971 budget. In addition, the Presi­ to stabilize a deteriorating situation there, South VIetnam falls? dent has called for the reduction, termina­ as had been the pattern In South Vietnam After spending four years In the mll1tary tion or restructuring of some 57 obsolete or In previous years. service, some as a prisoner of war, during low priority programs which will result in We all know what happened. World War II, I personally am all too familiar savings not only next year but In the years In the strikes against the Communist with the horrors and devastation of war not to come. sanctuaries, the border pressure on South to want to bring this conflict to the quickest Anxious and indignant over the high cost Vietnam was relieved. Our withdrawal pro­ possible end. But there Is no easy way out of of living, some of my constituents have gram, including replacement by South Viet­ Southeast Asia. A h asty ill-prepared pullout asked, "Why not freeze prices?". It sounds namese ground combat troops, was helped would raise new dangers and not really set­ so reasonable. It seems so simple. Freeze rather than hindered. tle any old dangers. prices and the pay check will go further. The Great amounts of food and other supplies I am certain the American people want only trouble is that It won't work. Inst ead of were denied to the Communist invaders. us to terminate the war, but they want to controlling infiation, it Is likely to aggrevate Their major supply port in Cambodia was see an honorable end so that still another it. closed and remains closed to them. generation of Americans will not have to Except In time of great national emergen­ And, In the most direct benefit, vast stores fight again in that part o! the world In cy declared by Congress, I would oppose giv­ of guns and ammunition were seized. Other­ a bigger war. Ing the President standby controls over wise, these arms would be In use against our We are turning the war over to the South prices, wages and credit. troops today. VIetnamese as rapidly as they become ready The nation attempted one great experi­ The American forces were withdrawn to assume the combat role for their own ment with price controls. We learned in promptly from Cambodia after conclusion of country. World War II that price controls curtail the their successful mission, just as the Presi­ This is a sound policy for victory, a policy profit incentive, which curtails production, dent had calmiy forecast all along. that is working, and that will continue to which causes commodity scarcities, which Contrary to what pessimists feared, the work untn every American combat soldier leads to rationing. In turn, price ce11!ngs, enemy was weakened, the borders of Viet­ Is out of Vietnam in safety. commodity scarcities and rationing lead In­ nam were strengthened, the army of South To recklessly quit before the South Viet­ evitably to the black market. In the black Vietnam received some desirable field sea­ namese are ready, just because we are un­ market, the dishonest merchant gets rich, soning, and conditions permitting our con­ derstandably weary of the burdens or lead­ his selfish customer lives high and the honest tinued secured withdrawal were enhanced. ership, would risk the lives of our fighting average consumer is left the helpless vic­ Despite the successes of the troop with­ men and the cause of freedom Itself. tim. Even If the black market could be pre­ drawal program, and the solemn promises THE ECONOMY of the President that this program will con­ vented, once you begin the business of freez­ The inflation still troubling our nation to­ Ing, you have more than prices to consider. tinue until the American ground combat day was largely the result of an "expendi­ role is ended with the South VIetnamese The costs of production must be frozen. This ture explosion." means you have to freeze wages. You have to army safely In control, some critics de­ During a four year period beginning In manded a deadline plan. freeze working conditions. You have to freeze 1964, the Administration and the Congress fringe benefits. You have to freeze dividends. I don't question their sincerity, but I do proceeded on the assumption that no defi­ most seriously question their judgment. You have to freeze credit and capital invest­ ciency existed In our society which the Fed­ ment. And when you freeze these things, you It would be the sheerest and most reckless eral purse and the heavy hand of Federal are freezing income, purchasing power and folly to command the President to withdraw regulation could not cure. Each piece of the ~>tandard of living. all of our troops !rom Vietnam by a certain legislation begat more legislation--each date ... regardless of the prevailing circum­ Increases In the cost of living are, In part, new expenditure by the government begat an inevitable result of changes in our society. stances and regardless o! the effects of that other expenditures. Over the years we have seen an increasing action on other vital considerations. When President Nixon took office, he was growth In the demand for services-not The President, who has all the !acts, not faced at the outset with a projected expen­ goods. In the service industry, Increases in only about South VIetnam but about all diture budget of about $195 billion and pro­ productivity are difficult to achieve. In an of the other related challenges we face all jected revenues of about $187 billion for fiscal affiuent society there Is a shortage of labor over the world-could not operate with re­ 1970. The financial and business sectors of in those fields, whether we are talking about sponsible flexibility 1f his hands were tied by our economy were fast approaching a state the medical profession or the servicing of the such a deadline order. of chaos. Prices and interest rates were ris­ many conveniences offered by industry. Here are some ot the questions he has to ing at an accelerated pace which was un­ Neit her tax Increases nor reductions in consider, even If they apparently do not rate precedented in the memory of most of us. Government spending can completely meet high In the view o! some of his critics: We were reaping the harvest of excessive gov­ this problem. They will not produce any more The government oj South Vietnam. Could ernment expenditures and lack or foresight doctors, nurses, or medical technicians. They It cope with suddenly being lett alone, with­ on the part of government to meet those will not increase the productivity of the out adequate preparation and planning, to expenditures. plumber or home appliance repairman. Nor continue building a democratic government Inflation Is the most unfair of taxes, as will they make It any less likely that the while fighting Internal subversion and In­ It hurts most severely the poor, the elderly, home owner will need those services. The vasion from three frontiers? and those who live on small fixed Incomes. It Government can help by encouraging young The people of South Vietnam. All those was clear at the outset that the new Admin­ people and the unemployed to seek training who placed their faith in us, and in our istration, In order to combat effectively the In these fields, through tax incentives and solemn promise to shield them until they advanced infiatlon It Inherited, must adopt through programs such as the National De­ were fully armed to defend themselves, sud­ a new spirit of self-discipline in government fense Education Act which, to meet other denly would be left alone and ldent!fled to ... willingness to make hard choices and to needs In earlier years, provided for scholar­ their Communist foes. enforce a strict sense of priorities needed to ship assistance to those entering scient!flc The path of negotiations. Why should the create a budgetary surplus. and research studies. enemy even consider negotiating an accept­ Throughout 1969 the President repeatedly Although, I believe the disciplined ap­ able end to the war If we announce we are demanded cuts In spending In every depart- proach to fiscal policy seems to be working, October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34977 economic indicators show that our over­ penalty if a fatality occurs. The penalties for successfully appeal the constltutlonallty of heated economy is cooling. The init ial de­ causing Injuries by explosives would also the myriad of discriminatory laws now affect ­ cline in defense spending combined with an be doubled to 20 years and/ or $20,000, and Ing them, I am convinced that they would inventory adjustment pulled our gross na­ incendiary devices would be treated as ex­ at some time in the future find that an tional product down by some 10 billion dol­ plosives with several new provisions to pro­ amendment to guarantee equal rights would lars early this year. tect buUdings. be unnecessary. But after waiting 50 years to For well over a year now our people have Both the House and Senate Judiciary Com­ secure the adoption of the 19th amendment taken on new Installment debt at a slower mittee are now conducting hearings on both and the vote, they then began a 47-year walt r ate. Apprehension has resulted in deferring the Administration proposals and ot her anti­ for the amendment we considered in the purchases by many consumers of durable bombing measures before Congress. The House last month. I believe I speak for a large goods-appliances, automobiles. They now pollee of the nation are anxiously await ing majority of my Colleagues In expressing the seem to be in a position to increase borrow­ federal assistance In t heir fight against these conviction that we felt they had waited long ing if they choose, at a t ime when business extremely dangerous tactics, and I am work­ enough. growth depends on consumption rat her than Ing with my House Colleagues IL an effort While I supported the amendment, I did the Illusion of growth inherent In an infla­ to push for enactment of the most effective so wit h some anxiety. Because the legislative tionary economy. For the first time in two possible anti-bombing measures at the ear­ process by which the bill came to the Floor years, the wholesale price index dropped in liest possible date. permitted no amendments, the language Is August. Personal Income has moved up to WOMEN'S RIGHTS somewhat imprecise. As presently worded, It an annual rate of $802 billion compared to will probably repeal a number of labor laws $774 at the end of 1969, and recent tax cuts Shortly before the House of Representa­ designed especially for the health and com­ have increased disposable Income, another tives adjourned for a brief August recess, fort of the female worker, and Its effect on good omen for business. the so-cnlled "Equal Right s Amendment" to child support laws, child custody laws, In­ As Paul W. McCracken, Chairman of the provide equal rights for men and women heritance laws, and even draft laws Is still Council of Economic Advisers, said after the under Jaw was passed. questionable. Now that the House has clearly Council's meeting with the President on Like many others, I believe that this expressed Its Intent that women shall have August 24, "We are establishing now, I think, amendment should not be necessary. The equal rights without further delay, I am a good base for a rise in business activity, Constitution already provides for equal rights hopeful that the Senate will consider these but a rise that will be orderly and will still under Jaw, and much of the discrimination still murkey questions and Improve upon the make It possible for us to continue to make which we must all acknowledge is suffered by language, so that the amendment, when rati­ progress against Inflation." American women results more from male fied, w!ll guarantee both equal rights and pride and prejudice than from law. But there FEDERAL BOMBING LAWS prot ection under law for those who have are areas In the law where distinctions based wait ed so long. Revolutionaries who Increasingly are turn­ solely on sex do exist, and the constitutional Ing to manufacturing explosives and plant­ amendment will either Invalidate these laws MEDICREDIT ing them In office buUdings, pollee stations, or extend them to men and women equal­ One of the most potentially alarming churches, synagogues and schools, deserve ly. questions facing the average family today neither pity nor mercy. They are dedicated Some states h ave Jaws placing special re­ Is how to pay for necessary medical care to violence, to terrorism, to senseless killing strictions on women with respect to h ours should a critical or prolonged Illness strike. and to overt hrow of the America n system of of work. Other state laws prohibit women There Is simply no way most people can government. They must be stopped. from working In certain occupations. There handle the financial burden caused by a During the 1969-70 school year t he FBI are laws, including higher standards required truly major health crisis. recorded 246 arsons or attempted arsons and for women applicants, which operate to ex­ This problem, which affects the middle 14 bombings on college campuses alone. And clude women from state colleges and univer­ income person as well as the very poor, a recent Department of the Treasury report sities or severely limit their number. Dual bas prompted me to Introduce a bill which to Congress o! a survey of a 15-month pe­ pay schedules exist In some localities for men I believe holds real promise of relief. riod between January 1969 and April 1970 and women public school teachers. In some It Is the "Health Insurance Assistance revealed that the country suffered a total of states married women must obtain court ap­ Act of 1970", which provides for a plan 4,330 bombings, 1,475 attempted bombings proval before engaging In Independent busi­ christened Medicredlt by Its chief architect , and 35,129 threatened bombings. nesses, In others they are faced with spe­ the American Medical Association. This terrorism resulted in the deaths of cial restrictions on their right to establish a Essentially, Medlcredlt recognizes that the 40 people during the survey period and $21.8 legal domicile. There are even heavier penal­ ability of the American people to pay for million in property damage. Countless others ties provided for women offenders than for adequate health care varies greatly. Some were In imminent danger of physical Injury men offenders committing the same crime just cannot afford It at all; others are or death and even more were frightened and In some states. And the Social Security and wealthy enough to cover any conceivable Intimidated. other benefits tend to be discriminatory In emergency. In the same period t he federal government different treatment for men and women. But most Americans are in-between; they sustained damage to buildings and other Many of these laws have been enacted be­ can afford a part of the cost, depending on property In the amount of $612,569, although cause men sought to protect their women their respective Incomes. t his loss was Insignificant when compared from the rigors of business and the work-a­ Under Medicredlt, the truly poor would to the $2.2 million expense involved In day world. Americans have historically con­ be given certificates to use in buying the evacuating 130 public buildings. sidered men the providers and women the proper coverage from private insurance car­ In cooperation with law enforcement oJH­ wives, mothers, widows or children of the pro­ riers. clals In 49 states, the Treasury Department viders. Yet we all know that In America today This system would replace the present analyzed pollee records on 40,934 cases. In the working woman Is the rule, not the ex­ Medicaid program, which has proved to be 64 percent of the cases, It was impossible to ception. She Is a young woman not yet part an administrator's nightmare and a spend­ determine cause or attribution because of of a family unit, a married woman provid­ thrift's dream. lack of Information available to the pollee. Ing supplemental Income for herself and her Medicaid Is loaded with problems, and Wit h respect to the other 36 percent, 8 per­ family, or a single woman or widow depend­ its costs are all but prohibitive. It bas been cent were in aid of general criminal activities ent only upon herself. The rights of val­ clear that a better way must be found to (such as extortion, robbery, and arson); 1 ue to her are the same rights that are im­ provide medical care for the Indigent and percent were attributed to att acks on re­ portant to men, the right to a job; to a pro­ I believe Medicredlt Is it. ligious institutions; 2 percent were attrib­ motion; to a pension; to social securit y; to Under Medicaid, we have been saying to uted to labor disputes; 56 percent were at­ all the fringe benefits of any job. But laws people, In effect, "Go ahead and spend your­ tributed to campus disorders; 19 percent were passed by men In a desire to protect moth­ selves to the point of lndigency, and then attributed to black extremists (of both left ers, wives and children, frequently limit the the Federal government will move in to help and right); and 14 percent were attributed hours she can work, the type of work she can you." to white extremists (of both left and right). do, the pay she receives for her work, and, Under Medicredlt, we would be saying: Less than a dozen states now have ade­ in effect, her ability to provide !or herself "The Federal government will see to It that quate regulations to guard against dynamite and her dependents In the same way a man you get the insurance protection you need getting Into the hands o! Irresponsible can. so that you will not be reduced t o the point people. Both the Congress and the Executive of Jndigency." The President has made a number of spe­ Branch have attempted to reduce discrimina­ For those with greater ability to pay­ cific proposals aimed at the rash of anarchis­ tion against women, through legislation and those, for example, who pay an annual In­ tic bomb-setting. He proposed that the maxi­ through comprehensive guidelines for Fed­ come tax of, say, more than $300--the plan mum penalty for transporting or receiving eral contractors and agencies. While the over­ would provide tax credits. explosives for illegal use go to 10 years or a whelming number of court cases Involving The amount of the credit would vary $10,000 fine or both, as opposed to the one equal rights have resulted In rulings against with the person's tax liability. For example, year or $1000 fine now applicable. He proposed women petitioners, the Equal Pay Act bas someone who pays $500 In income taxes that persons conVIcted of transporting or recently been Interpreted for the benefit of would be given a credit against 70 percent of receiving explosives in violation of the fed­ women in a few Instances. the annual premium cost of adequate health eral provision be made subject to the death If American women waited long enough to insurance. Those paying $1,200 In Income

----~ 34978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 taxes would receive 20 percent credit, and of Fairfax County, the decision was made to Water and sewer rates provide the major so on. transport the sewage to the major facillty at source of Income tor the Water Fund both In order to receive the credit, based upon Blue Plains, which was to be expanded to be­ District of Columbia and Washington Aque­ net taxable Income, a. taxpayer would have to come a. regional plant. duct, and the Sewage Works Fund which In­ show that he had purchased a. qualified At the time Dulles Interceptor Sewer was cludes the Blue Plains Treatment Plant and health ca.re plan, approved by the appropriate built, there were no problems with the water the funds to maintain the Dulles Interceptor state agency. quality of the Potomac above Little Falls, Sewer. There is at the present time no source Medicredlt would utlUze existing, reputable Had the Interceptor not been installed, alter­ of revenue for stormwater sewers except the private carriers and plans, and would allow native methods of sewage handling would District of Columbia general revenues. So the the competition of the marketplace to oper­ have been necessary, and it is not dUilcult to new Authority, llke the Sanitation Depart­ ate In maintaining cost control and in as­ conceive of the damage which might have ment of the District and the Corps of Engi­ suring quality of care. resulted with regard to our water supply. neers, would rely heavily on borrowing au­ As a further safeguard, medical societies Unfortunately, although the Dulles Inter­ thority or bond authority, together with es­ would be required to establish peer review ceptor was completed in 1963, construction of tabllshing a new rate for swrmwater sewer units to keep watch over Individual charges the !Ink within the District of Columbia use or benefit. and services, hospital and nursing homes which connects the interceptor and Blue Lest there be confusion as to the jurisdic­ admissions and retentions, and other aspects Plains has been severely hampered by two tion of the Authority I hope to see created, of care. factors. One is the controversy over construc­ I would like to point out that Northern Vir­ Although It is impossible to pre-determine tion and placement of highways In the ginia is served by two watersheds. The Au­ the exact cost of Medicredit, it would be Georgetown area a.nd the building of the thority would concern Itself with the upper perhaps a. third, or not more than half, as Three Sisters Bridge, because the placement watershed which supplies water and sewer much as some of the national health In­ of the proposed sewers Is contingent on the service to parts of Northern Virginia and also surance programs which have been proposed locations and construction of roadways. The to the neighboring jurisdictions of suburban already. And whatever it cost, it would do second reason for delay Is the disruption of Maryland and the District of Columbia. away with a genuinely disastrous Medicaid normal functions that always occur with the The lower watershed, which supplles ap­ program which is now running at about $5 ripping up of streets to Install sewers. In proximately half a million Northern VIrgin­ bllllon a. year, and Is expected to jump to order not to bring all transportation In the Ians, Is faced with equally severe problems. $7 billion shortly. Georgetown area. to a. halt, only portions of However this watershed Is under the juris­ In short, Medicredit offers a potential the sewer have been constructed at any one diction of the Fairfax County Water Author­ answer to one of the greatest problems con­ time. Ity, and plans are already underway for fronting this nation today: The growing These delays made It necessary to connect solving Its more serious problems with pro­ Inability of too many Americans to pay for the Dulles Interceptor to existing sewers jected plans for large-scale improvements health care essential for themselves and their through the Georgetown area to bring that and protection of the water supply at Occo­ famllles. effiuent to the Blue Plains Plant. The result­ quan Creek and reservoir. I recently met with As­ POTOMAC RIVER POLLUTION Ing overload has resulted In frequent flooding County authorities, the Governor, the in the area, especially during periods of high sistant Secretary of Interior for Water Qual­ As I mentioned In my June newsletter, as storm runoff, with consequent dumping of Ity and Research, the Commanding General our numbers and our Industria.! productivity raw sewage Into the River In the Georgetown at Fort Belvoir and members of the Virginia have multiplied, we In America. have almost area. Water Control Board to try to work out diffi­ overwhelmed our environment as we produce culties the Authority is having in obtaining more, consume more, and waste more than Only a short link now remains to com­ plete the route from Dulles to Blue Plains, State and Federal funds to help with Its any other people on earth. and completion of this will alleviate the program. I shall continue to work for solu­ Yet we have the skills to design a.nd build flooding situation. However, completion Is tion to these problems, and am hopeful that effective anti-pollution equipment, and once contingent upon resolution of the Three speedy passage of the comprehensive pollu­ we have coinmitted ourselves to do what Sisters Bridge controversy and the appro­ tion control program by Congress will result must be done we wlll be able to Insure that priation of additional funds. in the availability of Federal funds to speed our a.ir will be fit to breathe, our water fit to In evaluating the costs of operating the this program and others like it across the drink, and our cities fit to live ln. Authority I am proposing, I eliminated the nation to early completion. As a sponsor of the Administration's com­ costs of solid waste disposal from the budget i'EDERAL EMPLOYEE HEALTH BENEFrrS prehensive pollution control legislative pro­ of the District of Columbia Department of In early July, the House acted on a bill gram, I have been somewhat disappointed In Sanitary Engineering and added the costs of to help Federal employees and retirees meet the lack of progress made In obtaining enact­ the Washington Aqueduct of the Corps of the rising costs of medical care. I was proud ment of these proposals. The package In­ Engineers, and was appalled to find that the to be among the strong supporters of this cludes $4 billion in Federal funds for waste water-sewer operation Is already short some legislation which will require the Govern­ treatment faclllties and an Environmental $6.2 million of the minimum $25.9 million ment to meet its responsibility as an em­ Financing Authority to help local govern­ needed to be solvent and capable of proper ployer and, by so doing, to set an example ment finance their share of these projects. It operation this year. Another $54,037,000 would for other employers throughout the nation extends authority of the Council on Environ­ need to be added to the $19,775,000 author­ to follow. mental Quality to deal with solid wastes, Ized by Congress for Capital Outlay in 1971 When Congress first considered the pro­ such as old ca.r wrecks, and gives HEW power in order to get the water-sewer program back gram In 1959 the Committee on Post Office to develop controls over vehicle exhausts. It on the schedule directed by Congress when and Civil Service, of which I was then a also amends the Water Pollution Control Act the Dulles Interceptor was built. In sub­ member, determined that a 50-50 participat­ by adding new enforcement measures and ex­ sequent years the costs for the projected pro­ ing plan was fair and reasonable. Because It panding research grants for pollution control, gram which Will provide only adequate ex­ was a. new program and the cost to the Gov­ a.nd updates the Land and Water Conserva­ pansion and improvements to the system will ernment was not yet estimated a formula was tion Act to allow more surplus Federal prop­ be $76,248,000 in fiscal 1972; $42,802,000 In adopted wherein the Government would pay erty to be used for parks and recreation. fiscal 1973; $24,393,000 In fiscal 1974; $27,- 50 percent of the cost of the least expensive As the Congress and the Administration 495,000 in fiscal 1975 and $31,275 in fiscal low option family program. By virtue of the have struggled with solutions to pollution 1976. type of insurance plan the employees subse­ problems throughout the nation, I have a.iso Recent concern with the importance of quently adopted, however, the cost distri­ been working on legislation which I hope to nutrients In the Potomac has demanded re­ bution at the time of enactment amounted to Include In a revenue measure soon to be acted consideration of present plans. It Is becom­ a 38 percent cost for the Government and a on by the House-legislation which will cre­ Ing apparent that storm waters wlll also need 62 percent cost for the employee. Increased ate a Federal water and sewage authority to treatment before discharge and hence wlll medical care costs made it necessary for the sell water and sewage service to the Federal also have to be processed through Blue Plains Congress to increase the Government contri­ Government, the District of Columbia Gov­ or some similar facillty. While I hope initially bution in 1966 simply to maintain the unfair ernment, and parts of suburban Maryland that the new Authority will assume respon­ 38-62 ratio, and further increased costs has and Northern Virginia. slb!llty for the present projected program, caused the 1966 ratio to be reduced to 24-76 The Potomac Interceptor was Installed a.s I believe we will soon need to move toward in 1970. part of the development plan for the Dulles more sophisticated treatment and the pos­ In other words, the Federal Government Is International Airport. At the time tt wa.s sible construction of deep wells to store com­ now paying only 24 percent of the cost of foreseen that construction of the a.irport bined sewage during storms tor processing at what should be a 50-50 employer-employee would create not only a. specific amount of slack periods a.t Blue Plains. I believe the program. The legislation approved by the sewage from its own operation but would also program the Authority must eventually fol­ House will, If passed by the Senate, correct encourage growth In surrounding areas. low If the Potomac Is to be pollution-tree Is this inequity and provide for a 50-50 partici­ Rather than attempt to treat this anticipated tar too extensive tor the fragmented opera­ pation in the future lbgardless of increases sewage load locally and then discharge it Into tion now involving the Department of Army in the cost of medical care. the Potomac River above the lnta..ke point tor and Interior, the District of Columbia, and Another feature of the bill, one of which the drinking water supply for the District of several communities In suburban Maryland I am quite proud since I have urged its en­ Columbia., Arlington, Fa.lls Church and pa.rta and Virginia. actment tor a number of years, is a provi- October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34979

slon to eliminate an inequity resulting from KANT JlEPOBTED '"AT RISK'' WROTE ALMOST EVERY DAY overlapping and duplicating provisions be­ Dr. Vincent Guinee, director of the Health He wrote home almost every day and tween part B of medicare for employees who Department's Bureau of Lead Poisoning Con­ described the war as being "hell," his wife retired prior to 1960. trol, estimated yesterday that about 120,000 said yesterday. In order for the Federal employees who children here are "at risk." Of these, he esti­ Survivors include his wife, the former retired prior to 1960 to benefit from the mated, between 6,000 and 8,000 actually have Gabriele Zeitlin; a nine-month old son, retired Federal employee health insurance dangerous levels of lead in their blood. Thomas H. Messer, Jr., both of College Park, program, they had to pay for certain benefits Lead 1s not excreted from the children's and his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert E. which were also provided for them under part · bodies, but is stored, mos.tly in the bone mar­ Messer, also of College Park. His father is a B of medicare which is available to all Amer­ row. Depending on the amount swallowed, it master sergeant in the Army. ican citizens whether former Federal em­ can cause anemia, cramps, kidney troubles, ployees or not. This bill, if enacted, will convulsions, severe mental retardation and permit the amount of the Federal contribu­ death. tion to the retired Federal employee health Dr. Guinee's bureau was given a special insurance program to be paid as a part of the DAVID LOUIE WINS INAUGURAL $2.4-milllon appropriation in January to at­ AWARD OF RADIO AND TV NEWS employee's share of part B or medicare, tack the problem, a program that was given thereby ellm1nating overlapping and dupli­ high priority by Mayor Lindsay, DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION cation of benefits. It soon became apparent, however, that detection and treatment of a child's lead HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL poisoning was not enough. Children were be­ ing sent home to nibble again at the peeling, OF OHIO PASSAGE OF LEAD POISONING lead-impregnated paint chips. IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES LEGISLATION Landlords whose buildings have toxic ma­ Monday, October 5, 1970 terials on the walls are now required to cover them with wallboard for at least four feet Mr. MINSHALL. Mr. Speaker, I am HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN from the tloor level. Of 1,776 apartments in­ extremely proud that one of my young spected this year, 921 were found to have un­ OF NEW YORK constituents, David Louie, has just won acceptable amounts of lead. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the inaugural award of the Radio Tele­ In many cases, the landlord voluntarily vision News Directors in its electronic Monday, October 5, 1970 makes the necessary repairs. When he does not, the job is done by the city's Housing De­ journalism scholarship program. Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, I am ex­ velopment Administration and the b11l is Young Mr. Louie, is the son of a well­ tremely pleased that the House today sent to the landlord. known Lakewood, Ohio, man, Troy passed H.R. 19127, the Lead-Based Paint LANDLORDS ARE WARNED Louie, who owns the Sam Yah Yick Kee Elimination Act of 1970. James Kagan, director ot the lead pro­ wholesale food supply house in Cleve­ AI; the original sponsor of lead po!son­ gram's control unit, said yesterday that 814 land. A junior attending Northwestern ing legislation: the Lead-Based Paint letters had been mailed to landlords up to University, David Louie is 20 and a most Elimination Act of 1969 and two other Sept. 11, directing them to comply. remarkable and brilliant young man. bills, I was gratified that the Housing Of these, he said, 685 have been rein­ In telling me of the award, Col. Barney Subcommittee of the House Banking and spected. The reinspection showed that 111 Oldfield wrote: Currency Committee held hearings so had already been repaired by the landlords An electric journalism scholarship pro­ quickly and that the bill was reported and that was was in progress on 14 others. gram has been the dream of RTNDA since out of the full Committee and on to Mr. Kagan's office sent 481 orders to the its founding 25 years ago, also in Cleveland, city's Emergency Repair Program to make re­ so all eyes will no David as he is the first the House floor within 3 months of the pairs where landlords had not. He said 265 tangible evidence that the organization's hearings. of these jobs had been completed. dream did, in fact, come true. I am hopeful that the Senate will be A major benefit of the program, Dr. Guinee similarly swift in its deliberations of the said, is a growing public awareness of the I know that David Louie, whose in­ hill, and that the Lead-Based Paint Elim­ problem. Because the symptoins often are not terest in journalism flowered when he ination Act of 1970 will be passed by apparent unt11 the damage has been done, was editor of the Lakewood High Times the Senate before the end of this session even physicians have often been slow in in high school and as a part-time em­ of Congress. diagnosing lead poisoning. ployee at Cleveland radio and TV sta­ "Now it's one of the fust things a doctor tions, will do his sponsors proud. I am including in the RECORD an article looks !or," said Dr. Gulnee, "and the parents from the September 23 New York Times are on the lookout, too." I am very pleased to include the press by John Sibley, entitled "City Detects release issued at the time the award was Rise in Lead Poisoning" at this point: made, including the remarks made by Colonel Oldfield when he presented it CITY DETECTS RISE IN LEAD POISONING--SLUM Mr. CHILDREN AFFLICTED BY EATING CHIPS OF MARYLAND SOLDIER DIES IN to young Louie: PAINT VIEI'NAM DAVID LoUIE WINS BEN CHATFXELD (By John Sibley) FELLOWSHIP "Dangerous levels" of lead poisoning, the DENVER, COLO.-Davld Louie, 20, of Lake­ debllitating ailment that at!Ucts slum chil­ HON. CLARENCE D. LONG WOOd, Ohio and presently a junior in the dren, have been found in nearly 1,800 young­ OF MARYLAND Medill School of Journalism at Northwest­ sters so far this year, city health authorities IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ern University in Evanston, Illinois. became reported yesterday. the tlrst winner of the newly established Monday, October 5, 1970 This is more than double the number of $1,000 annual Ben Chatfield Fellowship. cases detected during all of 1969. However, Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, The Fellowship was established in the Ra­ this does not refiect a real increase in the S.Sgt. Thomas H. Messer. a courageous dio and TV News Directors Foundation, and number of cases; rather, it retlects the city's young man from Maryland, was killed is named in honor of the 4th, and now de­ intensified campaign to detect and treat ceased ex-President or the RTNDA. He was lead poisoning. recently in Vietnam. I should like to News Director of WMAZ in Macon, Georgia, Up to Sept. 11, the Health Department re­ honor his memory by including the fol­ and became one of the RTNDA founders. ported, 55,674 children were tested. Of these, lowing article in the RECORD: David Louie's grandparents came from 1,772 wer found to have more than 0.06 MARYLAND SoLDIER Du:s IN VIETNAM Canton, China, and his parents own the Sam mlligrams of lead per 100 cubic centimeters Sta.tr Sergeant Thomas H. Messer, 21, was Wah Ylck Kee Company, wholesale food ot blood, the official danger level. killed on August 28 at Blnh Dlnh when suppliers, in Cleveland, Ohio. Lead poisoning occurs most frequently enemy troops tired at a military plane in He was educated in Lakewood High School, among ch1ldren under 5 years old who have which he was a passenger. The plane, which was editor or the Lakewood IDgh Times, the eaten chips of paint and plaster that fall was preparing to take otr on a m1lltary school's weekly newspaper. He worked on from the walls and ceilings of slum tene­ mission, exploded on the ground when hit. both WKYC and WEWS In Cleveland. ments. This habit of undernourished young­ Sergeant Messer was born in Greenville, When he went to Northwestern University, sters' eating nonfood objects is called "plea." S.C. He later moved to Alexandria, Va., where he became a writer on Floyd Kalber's NBC . Although lead-based paint has been out­ he graduated tram Mount Vernon High News program on WMAQ, and is now on lawed for indoor use here since 1959, many School. the assignment desk at the ABC-owned old tenements st1ll have peeling Walls that He enlisted in the Army in September, 1968. WLS-TV in Chicago. date from pre-World War II days. A year later he was sent to Vietnam. An electronic journalism scholarship pro- 34980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 gram has been a constant desire o! RTNDA went to Northwestern, he was a writer on ever, in the intervening decades our national since its founding as a means of empha­ Floyd Kalber's NBC-WMAQ news show, and goals have been altered substantially and to­ sizing the high quality professional and is now parttime on the assignment desk of day extend more deeply and pervasively to specialized talents which are required !or ABC-owned WLS-TV in Chicago. One of his include the preservation of our environment a career in news broadcasting. former bosses said he had to get him out of and a concern for the "quality of life." In­ It was post-1966 convention (Chicago), his newsroom, or he would have had his job. deed, there are many who urge corrective when ex-President Bruce Dennis (WGN-TV) I have told him that with RTNDA's scholar­ measures regardless of the price that must appointed Col. Barney Oldfield, of Litton ship, and your sponsorship, he has just come Inevitably be borne by the ultimate consumer Industries, Inc., Beverly Hills, Calif., as into about 750 fathers who will all be looking in a relatively afftuent society. Regulation Chairman, RTNDA's Scholarship and Finan­ at his report card. Ladies and gentlemen, must today, therefore, assume a far broader cial Development Committee. David Louie, RTNDA's first scholarship perspective if It is to remain relevant to the At the 1967 Board meeting in Toronto, winner. attainment of these contemporary national he proposed the establishment of an RTND goals. Foundation, which was voted into being and It is particularly applicable to the regula­ drafted into legal form by the Washington PRICING OF NATURAL GAS tion of natural gas which provides a unique law firm of Pierson, Ball & Dowd. Then the weapon in the battle to combat air pollution many and various kinds of solicitation be­ and, through the technological development gan to raise $20,000 required to endow the HON. GEORGE BUSH of the fuel cell, also provides a potential first fellowship/scholarship. That level was OF TEXAS alternative to central station power genera­ reached late in 1969, and word went out tion with its long distance transmission that the first award could be made at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lines. The need and the potential uses for Denver 25th anniversary meeting. Monday, October 5, 1970 this clean burning fuel is especially critical The electronic journalism scholarship now and during the next two decades pend­ program is already well enroute to endow Mr. BUSH. Mr. Speaker, Senators ing the operational development of the fast a second award and has about $2,000 al­ TOWER and HANSEN today introduced a breeder reactor or other technological ready in the Radio and TV News Directors bill in the Senate that would exempt breakthroughs in power generation. In my Foundation treasury working to that end. from Federal Power Commission control opinion it Is essential to the national inter­ RTNDA asked that Col. Oldfield make the the authority to establish rates on natu­ est that the gas industry now be stimulated first award to first winner, David Louis. ral gas sold in interstate commerce by to serve as an aggressive energy force during this transitional period. REMARKS BY CoL. BARNEY OLDFIELD independent producers. This bill is a giant step in bringing Unfortunately, at the present time the Members of the 25th annual conventl.on o! natural gas industry Is beset with gas supply radio and TV news directors: As the 25s, 50s, back into play the marketplace pressures problems. In a recent unanimous opinion in 75s, and 100s of years have special signifi­ in determining the price of natural gas. the Hugoton-Anadarko case,' the Commis­ cances in li!etimes and in durabilitles o! or­ We must assure an adequate supply of sion pointed out that interstate pipelines ganizations, it is customary to celebrate such gas. To do this the man who takes the have been unable to obtain desired gas sup­ rollestones sentimentally, perhaps in wonder 1·isk must be allowed to earn a fair plies and in both 1968 and 1969 the national that what started so small has grown so large return. findings of n atural gas have, for the tlrst and so professional, and to ponder a little The 1950's and 1960's have taught us time, fallen below production. In many areas the men who had the inspiration to try to the intrastate market has successfully out­ put something like this together. Of all the that regulation does not work. Artificial bid interstate purchasers for such gas re­ presidents RTNDA has had, only one-the prices and unrealistic procedures have serves as are available. As a result, some In­ fourth, Ben Chatfield, longtime news direc­ resulted in a decreasing interest in oil terstate gas pipeline companies have been tor o! WMAZ, in Macon, Georgia-has left us exploration that is a major factor in the forced to turn to substantially higher cost and in his honor the RTND Foundation has energy crisis this country now faces. increments of gas from Canada and imported named a scholarship/fellowship which is to Some weeks ago I asked Carl E. Bagge, liquefied natural gas (LNG) from various be awarded annually to some particularly Commissioner of the Federal Power foreign sources. Other pipelines who are not promising and deserving junior in some uni­ so favorably located have simply been unable versity who is thought to have what it takes Commission, to assist me in drafting leg­ to acquire additional new supplies In suffi­ to have a career in electronic journalism. islation to deregulate the domestic price cient quantities to permit expansion to meet If Ben were with us today, he would pri­ of natural gas in the hope that this kind either the increased requirements of their vately like what we are about to do, but he of legislation would help stimulate oil existing customers or the demands of poten­ would be publicly embarrassed by all the fuss. and gas exploration. I plan to introduce a tial new market areas. The situation appears He would like it for one thing, because during bill when Congress reconvenes in No­ incongruous In view of the fact that the World War II Ben was an editor of a GI vember. At this time, I insert in the undiscovered potential reserves of natural newspaper which had a migratory print shop RECORD a letter to me from Commissioner gas in the United States are estimated at in that it moved with the American forces Bagge delineating the need for this kind over 1,200 trillion cubic feet-enough to sup­ in the Far East to war's end in Tokyo Bay. ply our present national needs for about fifty The young man we honor today, and in hon­ of legislation. years. oring-expect much of-was one whose FEDERAL POWER COMMISSION, The Commission itself In 1961 abandoned grandparents came to this country from Washington, D.C., September 30,1970. as unworkable the determination of pro­ Canton, China. Ron. GEORGE BusH, ducer prices on an individual company basis Ben Chatfield, in middle Georgia, knew Longworth House Office Bui lding, and turned to the present cost based area his town and every village within reach of Washington, D.C. rate approach In order to fix the price of WMAZ's transmitters. He was almost family DEAR CONGRESSMAN BUSH: With reference natural gas for each of the nation's major to the people who listened to the newscasts to your Jetter to me of September 17, 1970, I producing areas. In my judgment the area he tailored. They called him in trouble, in subm-it for consideration, as an individual rate methodology that has developed is pro­ celebration, and just to talk to him about member of the Federal Power Commission, cedurally cumbersome and functionally un­ how to get to a !ella who knows a !ella who and not for the Commission, the enclosed responsive and, consequently, has contrib­ knows a !ella who could help. Long before draft of a blll to provide that the Commis­ uted immeasurably to the problem In its Betty Friedan got mad at It for being what sion's rate determination and review powers present dimensions. If we are candid It must she calls a man's world, Ben Chatfield had a shall no longer be applicable to new sales by be acknowledged that the Commission has woman newscaster fulltime on :WMAZ. In independent producers of natural gas for re­ apparently failed the practical test which was those days when news directors were just sale in interstate commerce. In my judgment, established In the Permian • case, the first someone down the hall, and not yet part o! if enacted, the bill would be in the public area rate determination, wherein the Com­ managements and even vice presidents, Ben interest by providing the necessary stimulus mission stated: found a way to make coming to these con­ to encourage the accelerated exploration and "The separate price we fix herein for new ventions something each news director could development of this critical domestic energy gas-well gas in the Permian Basin should alford to do. He did know how to get things source in order to meet the future demands serve to furnish a practical test of whether done-and he did them, and his example ot of the consuming public. In addition It in fact It will result In bringing forth addi­ hard work, never giving up, working early would provide the degree of certainty with tional supplies." • and late, is not bad to have riding on our respect to price which has been lacking in Since the Issuance of the Permian Opin­ Ben Chatfield fellowship which we inaug­ almost two decades of producer price regula­ ion, less and less gas has been committed to urate today. tion. the Interstate market until now the inter- Now, I'd like to have David Louie join me The concept of the public interest em­ here at the podium and have you meet him, bodied in the regulatory enabling statutes 1- F.P.C. - (Opinion No. 586, issued What kind of a young man is he? He is 20 passed thirty or more years ago was premised September 18, 1970). years old. He was editor of his high school upon the need to prevent the exploitation of • Permian Basin Area Rate Proceeding, 34 newspaper in Lakewood, Ohio. He worked on the consumer and, therefore, the price as­ F.P.C.· 159 (1965). WKYC and WEWS in Cleveland. When he pects of regulation were emphasized. How- • 34 F.P.C. at 188. October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34981 state pipeline companies report that they tract" proposal which also incorporates cer­ latory scheme to interpret and analyze these have been unable to contract at the existing tain market criteria, rather than cost, liB the forces in order to approximate the same re­ area prices for any significant quantities of Commisskln standard for determining pro­ sult. In this way the price established by gas in this prolific producing area. ducer prices. As a result, at the present time arm's length bargaining, as specifically set What occurred in the Permian Basin was the entire gliB industry, through their re­ forth in the contract between the narties, the Intrusion of dominant market forces spective associations, support this amend­ would be controlling. A government· policy over which the existing regulatory scheme ment to the Natural Oas Act. to foster competition in the energy field by was unable to exercise effective control and, This proposal for reform of the current instituting policies to insure full develop­ thus permitted the available reserves to be regulatory method is most constructive. Un­ ment of all energy sources and easy access diverted to the intrastate market. The fortunately, it should have been introduced to the market will serve as a constant check emergence of these. market forces were again when it was proposed more than four years on gas prices. evident when, just a few months ago, the ago. The majority of tbe Commission pub­ There are, o! course, many ways in which Commission, In recognition of the interstate licly endorsed one such "sanctity of con­ the Natural Gas Act could be amended to market's need for new supplies, authorized tract" proposal more than three years ago permit market forces to freely determine the Importation of significantly higher priced and Its enactment at that time by Congress prices and this blll should not be considered Canadian gas into the Midwest and West would have contributed substantially toward as incorporating the only elfective approach Coast markets. It has also certificated im­ averting many of the problems now con­ for accomplishing this objective. Hopefully, ports of even higher priced gas In liquid fronting us. In principle I endorse the by offering this possible alternative for con­ form to the East Coast and New England. "sanctity of contract" concept and the need sideration, the dl'a!t bill will serve as a con­ Several major LNG Import proposals are now to permit market forces to estabiish the structive basis !or further discussion and also pending before the Commission and price. However, in my opinion, the market analysis which is so essential to the formu­ several vast projects to obtain gas from forces should funct ion outside the regula­ lation of the most effective solution to the Prudhoe Bay and the Northwest Territory tory process so that producer prices can be problem. Nor should it be considered as a of Canada have gone far beyond the con­ established unfettered by regulation. panacea, for It focuses only on producer ceptual stages. All of these projects, both Whether Imposed by statutory amend­ pricing and does not attempt to deal with pending and proiected, involve substantially ment or by Commission eleetion to alter the many of the other unique problems such as higher prices than those which presently existing area rate methodology, any approach .p.ipeline production or sales between afill:lates. requiring the determination of producer Permitting the market to determine the are permitted to domestic producers of gas. price o! new gas does not require the dis­ In view of the crucial period of transition prices by the Commission on the basis of some subjective market standard or criteria mantlement of all aspects of producer con­ which confronts us, it is most Important that trol. The major elements o! the regulatory we do not ignore the admonishment of the would fall far short of a satisfactory solu­ tion. Such standards are extremely difficult sch eme under this proposal would include: Court of Appeals in reviewing the Commis­ 1. Only the contract prices for the s.ale ot sion's South Louisiana Area Rate Opinion. to define and thus are usually couched in general terms and, as a result, the Com­ new gas by independent producers to non­ Justice Thornberry clearly Indicated that aflillates will no longer be determined or re­ blind adherence to the existing area rate mission would be compelled in all l!kell­ hood to define, qualify and quantify the viewed by the Commission. met hodology without giving consideration to 2. Flowing gas will continue to be regu­ market forces Is unrealistic. I am in full innumerable factors that could affect the market and might have to be considered in lated by the Commission and, consequently, agreement with the Court's reasoning but any rate impact on existing customers would the question that still must be answered is each instance. To submit market forces to the subjective interpretation of a regulatory be very gradual since It will take many years how these market forces should be consid­ for new gas to become a significant portion ered. Indeed the Commission has recently body, regardless of its expertise or good in­ tentions, can only lead to a distortion of of their gas supply. t aken constructive action in this regard with 3. All other contractual provisions and as­ respect to Its proposed Permian Basin and their effect with imprecise and unresponsive results. In the final analysis, at best, the pects of the sale, regardless of their effect nationwide rulemaking proceedings. I have upon the contract prices, w!1l continue to be joined without reservation in these efforts prices ap.proved by the Commission should approximate those that would have been de­ subject to Commission approval and review. to repair the present regulatory scheme so rt is essential that the Commission continue that at least a responsive pricing method can rived in a free market without the need tor regulatory anguish and the inherent delays. to pass upon such aspects as the quality be achieved. For regardless of any legislative standards, delivery pressure, rate of take, bill­ amendments to the Natural Gas Act that In addition, a strong tendency would prob­ ably exist to approve the p.ropoeed contract ing and prepayment arrangements as well as might be proposed, we agency members are, other provisions, which so significantly affect of course, obliged to continue to work within prices without modification because of the ditli.cu!ty in justifying any change. The basic the ultimate consumer. the present statutory framework and should, 4. Indefinite price escalations, except for therefore, take every step necessary to make objective of this approach is the establish­ ment by the Commission of a market value certain taxes. will be prohibited and the con­ It as effective as possible. as the permissible price level. However, it Is tract prices, including any escalations, must However, In my judgment the problem of my opinion that this can be more readily and be set forth as a definite price per unit since producer price uncertainty and the problem more accurately achieved by the free inter­ the consumer must be able to determine of the protracted delays inherent in area rate play of supply and demand dynamics un­ what price will be charged. If the producer regulation can be most effectively remedied encumbered by any futile regulatory at­ believes that certain aspects of his contract by legislation. One approach to remedial leg­ tempt to decipher the complicated consider­ have a value, it wUl be incumbent upon him Islation has been characterized as "sanctity ations and the subtle interrelations.!hps in­ to refiect that value in the unit price speci­ of contract" which assures the producers volved in a free market. Inject market forces fied in the contract. that once a contract is approved and the sale into the administrative crucible and no one 5. No unit price can be changed by sub­ certificated by the Commission there can be will recognize the results. sequent amendment to the contract a!ter ac­ ceptance of the certificate of public conven­ no rollback in any contract price, whether It appears to me that sound public policy It be an initial or permissible escalation ience and necessity issued by the toward the natural gas Industry today de­ Commission. price. The benefits of such assurance in mands something more than remedial legis­ eliminating uncertainty to the producing In­ 6. Any proposed abandonment of service lation which would require the Commission will continue to be regulated by the Com­ dustry would be substantial. to approximate the dynamics of a free mar­ Protracted area rate proceedings extending mission. ket. What is necessary in the context of the The enactment of the draft bill permit­ over a period of five to seven years have cre­ current available supply disequilibrium is ated an unprecedented regulatory lag which ting the market to establish the price tor new something more satisfactory than a reform gas but which contains these elements of has prolonged and therefore added to the of the current regulatory method. Today existing uncertainties. regarding price. These continuing regulation will assure contin­ Congress ought to consider a basic restruc­ uity of service and permit the retention of long delays and uncertainties also tie up turing o! regulation which will refiect the funds collected by the producers which could control over the conditions and quality of market value of gas by eliminating the Com­ service as well as the mechanism which trans­ be used for exploration and development. All mission's rate determination and review of these uncertainties have inhibited the lates costs Into rates to the ultimate con­ powers with respect to new sales by inde­ sumer. n would also allow the Commission search tor essential additional supplies of pendent producers while retaining regulatory natural gas. to effectively monitor market structure and control of contract terms in order to effec­ market behavior. Any remedial legislation, therefore, must tively monitor market structure and market eliminate such regulatory lag and provide Also enclosed is a copy of my recent ad­ behavior. Until the Congress acts, of course, dress before the American Association of the degree of certainty regarding price which I shall continue to apply the present Natural Oilwell Dr!lllng Contractors in Dallas, Texas, is essential to the development o! critical Gas Act, as interpreted by the Courts, to the in which I attempted to describe in more new suppl!es. Both of these elements have cases which come before the Commission. detaU the considerations which, over the been discussed for several years and have The draft blll transmitted herewith is sub­ years, have led me to conclude that the en­ been incorporated in various !roms of "sanc­ mitted primarily to surface for consideration actment o! legislation in this area is of criti­ tity of contract- legislative proposals. I am and study the concept of permitt1ng market ~ na.tional Importance. in!ormed that recently the American Oa.s forces, unencumbered by regulation, to estab­ Respectfully submitted, Association, a!ter several years of debate, lish the producer price level without the CAKL E. BAGGE, h as now endorsed a type of "sanctity of con- necessity of structuring a complicated regu- Commissioner.

-- - -- 34982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 GENE WILSON OLYMPIC in a trade or profession. So a special national commitment to meet these HAIRDRESSER salute to fliendly Gene Wilson who per­ needs. The time has come for us to re­ sonifies a great champion and represents establish this Nation as a leader in pro­ so well the skilled profession of hair­ viding health care for its people, for only HON. JAMES M. COLLINS dressing. with a healthy citizenry can our Nation OF TEXAS remain strong. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 5, 1970 HEALTH CARE-THE FIRST Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, in Dallas, PRIORITY A THOUGHT-PROVOKING LETTER we have a hometown girl named Gene CONCERNING PORNOGRAPHY Wilson who has made it to the top. She has just returned from Europe where she HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO was one of four Americans to represent OF CONNECTICUT HON. 0. C. FISHER our country in the hairdressers' world IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF TEXAS olympics. Monday, October 5, 1970 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Can you think of anything American women more admire than the skill and Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, can our Monday, October 5, 1970 creative services of adept hairdressers? Nation be defended if our people are not Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, one of the America sent to the olympics two men strong? Can our children be educated if most serious problems facing this Nation and two women who were the Nation's they are too ill to learn? What good are today, on the domestic front, is the smut best. I had assumed Americans were sure jobs without healthy men and women to and filth that is being disseminated, winners, but in world competition, the fill them? How meaningful are our other acted or broadcasted. A report on this Germans took the gold cup. We cannot · priorities if our citizens do not enjoy evil, made by the President's Commis­ win everything. good health and cannot obtain adequate sion on Obscenity and Pornography, is I am proud of Gene Wilson. In an era health care? extremely disappointing because it tends where many are generalists, she became For years this Nation prided itself on to condone this practice. I regard this an expert in her field. the quality of its health services. Yet to- report as a disservice to all right-think­ Gene is 31 now, but she entered cos- day we have regressed to the point where ing Americans, and it should be repudi­ metology at age 13 while she was injun- this Nation faces a health crisis without ated. ior high school. She worked her way parallel in its history. On this subject of pornography, I in­ through school. By the time she gradu- Many Americans simply cannot afford clude in my remarks a copy of a letter to ated from Sunset High School, she had the cost of medical care today. Our hos­ the President from a promillent con­ completed over 1,500 hours of practice pitals and other medical facilities remain stituent of mine, Mr. Phillip F. Temple­ time, passed her boards, and was licensed inadequate and overcrowded while sky­ ton, of San Angelo, Tex. It is timely and by the State of Texas. rocketing construction costs prevent thought provoking, and I hope all my col­ There were many, many years of reg- needed expansion and modernization. leagues will take the time to read it. The Ular hair work in the shop. Then, 8 years Millions of dollars that should be used letter follows: ago she began to enter competitions. She to improve health services are instead SEPTEMBER 15, 1970. has now won 115 different competitions. being spent by hospitals for payment of RICHARD M. NIXON, President of the Uni ted States, She won the America cup, which was interest to banks. There is an increasing Washington, D.O. the all-around champion for North, shortage of doctors, nurses and other DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I am a young married South, and Central America. medical personnel. Medical schools are general contractor with two children, ages 6 She swept the Belgium Grand Prix facing severe financial difficulties; some and 9. Like a majority of Americans, I am as her vase trophy refiected first place may be forced to close their doors. Many very much concerned with pornography and in four of the five events in Brussels. promising medical research projects are an Immoral way of life displayed and glori­ In Belgium, Gene also won the crys- being curtailed or cut back due to lack fied in current R and X rated movies, not t o mention the more explicit pornography films tal plate for the Oscar of Elegance of funds. being shown In some theaters across the which covered styling of hair, fashion, Those citizens who advocate the expen- country. We spend billions of government and individuality. diture of more funds for health care in dollars trying to create a better environ­ To make the U.S. Olympic team in- this country are not as entrenched as the ment for our slum dwellers. Sociologists tell volved a series of matches in 1969. And defense lobby, not as well organized as us that a better, cleaner environment makes she was eventually selected as one of our the education lobby, and not as vocal as for a better, more useful and enjoyable life. two women representatives. The Olym- the civil rights lobby. Yet I submit, Mr. Through these movies, It seems to me we are subjecting the American public, and pies are held only in alternate years. Speaker, that adequate health care is the the American youth in particular, to a fil t hy, The competition covers five events and most basic need of all our people. It must sometimes perverted environment. requires persons with broad skills in all be our first priority. This Is a real crisis, as I see It, and should phases of hair design and preparation. Many of us in the 91st Congress have be acted on as such by those of you in gov­ She has experienced an active life ill recognized this basic need and have at­ ernment. This seems to be a crisis that her career. In the beauty salon she tempted to meet it. My proposal to in­ nobody Is attacking with any degree of works 12 hours a day and on Saturdays crease the FHA loan guarantee for hospi­ etrectlveness. The argument that chlldren or adults do not have to go to these if they even longer. Gene is teamed with her tal construction from $25 million to $50 don't want to doesn't hold water to me. Most sister Sue in Accent Salon Coiffures out million may be included in pending school kids have always gone to the movies ill the friendly Oak Cliff area of Dallas. housing legislation. By its overwhelm­ in their spare time, and they are going to She is manager of the shop, with a staff ing vote to override the President's veto, go in order to be one of the gang, if for of 14. Congress has emphasized the need to no other reason. A high school or college girl What does it take to be a champion. continue the successful Hill-Burton hos­ is not going to refuse an X rated movie date Gene is 5 foot, 6 inches, weighs 118 and pita! construction program. for fear of being called square. I had an idea you might be able to use It is a bundle of dynamic energy. With all Yet we have made far too little prog­ to educate the public, and solicit their sup­ her hair creations, she always wears her ress in the past year. Our efforts to pro­ port In bringing about some decency guide­ own blonde hair in a casual daytime hair vide an additional $360 million for health lines for movies. I gave a speech last week style. manpower, medical research, and hospi- in San Angelo entitled Mind Pollution-A In Texas we are proud of all of the tal construction were defeated. We were Real Crisis. With various kinds of pollution fine people in the profession of hairdress- unable to override the President's veto on everyone's mind, I thought this would be ing. They are good neighbors, hard o~ the 1970 Labor-HEW appropria~ion well received by most of my audience and It workers and active citizens in the com- b1lllast January. We could not convmce apparently was. munity.' the administration that the unmet In closing I would hope that your adminis­ tration would find a way to effect decency In America today, we need more em- health needs of our citizens require im­ guidelines for our movies and magazines, phasis on vocational direction. We need mediate attention. and thereby clean up the environment and more youngsters who aspire to success The time has come, Mr. Speaker, for a save this society from Mind Pollution which October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34983 is virtually imposed on us by a few degener­ their promise. We hope you feel the same campaign successfully undertaken by ates and others after a fast buck. way, and we hope you'll show 1t-so there the five television stations that are Yours very truly, will always be enough good peace ofticers owned by the National Broadcasting Co. PHILLIP F. TEMPLETON. to go around." Using its powerful resources for telling [From the Lyons (Ga.) Lyons Progress, effect, the NBC stations have concen­ Oct. 1, 1970] trated a large number of programs in a POLICEMEN 3-week period on the problems of drug WHAT Is A PoLICEMAN • • • abuse. (By Ollie H. McDUda) The programs-running the gamut of HON. G. ELLIOTT HAGAN A policeman is the Uttle boy who grew up the drug problem-were reinforced with OF GEORGIA to be what he said he was going to be. a saturated schedule of announcements He is a son, a brother, a father, an uncle IN THE HOOSE OF REPRESENTATIVES calling attention to the progrruns and to and yes, even a grandfather. He is a man the serious·nature of the drug epidemic. Monday, October 5, 1970 Uke all men, who has the same needs, the same desires and the same religious beliefs. NBC's key station, WNBC-TV New Mr. HAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I feel my A man who even meets the requirements of York, presented a 22-day "Drug Alert," colleagues will share my personal pride the physically fit and who displays profound featuring a series of more than 25 pro­ in the outstanding articles which re­ energy. He is an actor whose role Is not one grams relating to the causes, conse­ cently appeared in two of the fine news­ of fiction, but of reality. He Is a protector of quences, and possible cures of the cur­ papers of my district, the Lyons Prog­ the people. A pal to all children. A pacifier in rent narcotics crisis in the Metropolitan ress, Lyons, Ga., and the True Citizen, time of sorrow. A professor of psychology. A New York area. The Channel4 informa­ parent to the homeless and the lost. A Waynesboro, Ga. pleasant man, who smues through many try­ tion project began on Saturday, August In these truly difiicult times many of Ing situations. A prosperous man, who derives 22, and ran through Sunday, September our people seem to have no real under­ prosperity from the satisfaction of doing 13. standing as to exactly what constitutes what he wants to do most. The unprecedented "Drug Alert" was the increasingly harder role of the po­ He is an ofticer and ofticlal of law without conducted by the other NBC-owned tele­ liceman in our communtiy. It is not only whom neither you nor I could live in peace vision stations: WRC-TV, Washington, enlightening but heartwarming to me to and harmony, and without whom our very D.C., WKYC-TV, Cleveland, WMAQ­ see in two of my district papers that nation would crumble. Yet an ordinary man, TV, Chicago, and KNBC, Los Angeles. who displays extraordinary bravery ... who people do exist who have a firm knowl­ far too often sticks his neck out to save ours. With an hour-long, prime-time local edge and respect for the defender of our He's sometimes a lawyer, always a de­ special on the drug crisis, "Turning Off," lives and personal property-the police­ fender, but never a prosecutor. His integrity on Fliday, August 28, 10 to 11 p.m., as man. Is as much a tangible part of him as the shiny one of the highlights of the series, "Drug Because law and order can only be a badge he wears. He's a twenty-four hour Alert" focused on the many aspects of reality through the combined efforts of watchman whose aim, like his creed, Is to drUg abuse and its effect on the life of responsible citizens and with the services protect and to serve. the community, through existing pro­ of our peace omcers, I run deeply pleased Courage is his number one requisite and gram formats, the creation of new pro­ courtesy an everyday part of his being, and graming, through news features and an that there is defiintely a feeling of pride even though his courtesy isn't always and respect in our cities and towns for reciprocated, he remains courteous both out exchange of programs on narcotics pro­ the individual who gives so much of him­ of duty and out of respect. duced by the other owned television sta­ self to try to help and serve. He's a dedicated man, ready for action tions. "Turning Off" was produced bY The two articles follow: even beyond the call of duty, who so often veteran documentary producer, Vernon performs the duties of a doctor, delivering a (From the Waynesboro (Ga..) True Citizen, Hixson. Sept. 30, 1970] child under adverse conditions, rushing The first program in the "Drug Alert" mother and child to a hospital at record series was a "New York illustrated" re­ A PEACE OFFICER Is . . . breaking speed, and awaits his only reward port, "Three Roads From Nowhere," on (Author unknown) . . . the report that mother and chlld are Saturday, August 22, 7 to 7:30p.m. The "A peace ofticer is many things. He's a son, doing fine. He's the guy who ushers and controls program examined current methods of a brother, a father, an uncle, and sometimes treating drug addiction at centers in even a grandfather. He is a protector in time crowds at a parade, so that our youngsters of need and a comforter in time of sorrow. can enjoy the clowns, the animals and the Harlem, Bedford-Stuyvesant, and Beth His job calls for him to be a diplomat, a psy­ marching bands. Dedicated enough to give up Israel Hospital clinics. chologist, a lawyer, a friend, and an inspira­ his Sundays and holidays with his family, so A special hour-long edition of "Di­ tion. He suffers from an overdose of publicity that our families can enjoy Sundays and rect Line," on Sunday, September 13, about brutality and dishonesty. He suffers holldays. featured a panel of leading experts on far more from the notoriety produced by Yes, a policeman is that friendly guy stand­ drug addiction, answering questions tele· unfounded charges. Too often, acts of hero­ Ing on the corner In all kinds of weather waving us on with his white gloved hand, phoned to the studio by channel 4 view· Ism go unnoticed and the truth is burled ers. under all the criticism. The fact Is that less assuring us that It's safe to proceed. than one-hal! of one percent of peace ofticers A pollceman deserves the same devotion The firsthand experiences of drug ad­ ever discredit their uniform. That's a better he displays toward his fellow man. He de­ dicts was aired on "Each in His Own average than you find among clergymen. serves respect and a kind word for his many Prison," a KNBC, Los Angeles, produc­ "A peace ofticer Is an ordinary guy who is heroic accomplishments. A policeman de­ tion, Sunday, August 23, 12:30 to 1 p.m.; called upon for extraordinary bravery-for serves a day In fact, named In honor . . , on WNBC-TV's "Drugs: Inside Out," a us! His job may sometimes seem routine, and every day of our llves we should all thank "New York Illustrated" report featured but the Interruptions can be moments of God for that little boy who grew up to be addicts talking about their nightmare stark terror. He's the man who faces a half­ . . . a pollceman! world, Sunday, August 29, 7 to 7:30pm.; crazed gunman, who rescues a lost child, who challenges a mob, and who risks his neck and on a second showing of an hour­ more often than we realize. He deserves our long WNBC-TV special, "Youth Views respect and our profound thanks. NBC'S "DRUG ALERT" PROGRAM­ The Drug Scene,'' Sunday, Septem­ "A peace ofticer stands between the law AN UNPRECEDENTED EFFORT TO ber 6, 12 noon to 1 p.m. ablder and the law breaker. He's the prime INFORM THE PUBLIC OF THE On "Research Project," August 23 and reason your home hasn't been burned, your DRUG ABUSE PROBLEM 30-3 to 3:30 p.m.-Dr. Max Fink, pro­ family abused, your business looted. Try to fessor of psychiatry, New York Medical imagine what might happen If there were no College, discussed "Immunization peace ofticers around. And then try to think HON. HUGH L. CAREY Against Drug Addiction;" and Dr. of ways to make their job more rewarding. OF NEW YORK Show them the respect you really have; offer William Abruzzi, College of Physicians, them a smile and a kind word; see that they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State University of New York, the doc­ tor who attended hundreds of "bad trip" don't have to be magicians to raise their Monday, October 5, 1970 families on less-than-adequate salaries. cases at the recent aborted musical fes­ "We think peace omcers are great. We Mr. CAREY. Mr. Speaker, I am sure tival in Connecticut, talked about drug thank God for all the Uttle boys who said my colleagues will share in my apprecia­ use on college campuses, and the effects they would be peace ofticers and who kept tion of an unprecedented public service of some drugs. 34984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 The Catholic "Inquiry" series offered Mr. Speaker, I believe that the The Civil War began about this time and two programs on the subject, featuring architect of this meaningful project, Mr. the 8th Wisconsin Volunteers thought lt Father John McVernon, director, Com­ Theodore H. Walworth, Jr., vice presi­ would be fine to take a real live "Bird of Freedom" to the war; so they bought the munity Boys Clubs of Cambria Heights, dent and general manager, WNBC-TV, bird for $2.50 from the farmer. At first the Queens, on September 6, and Father should be commended and I wish to call eagle walked about the camp like a dog. Then Patrick Carney, coordinator of drug pre­ it to the special attention of the FCC, the it chose a Master, an Irish soldier named vention programs of the Archdiocese of House Select Committee on Crime and Jimmie McGinnis, and would not allow any New York, on September 13. the Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile one else to feed him. Other programs in the "Drug Alert" Delinquency who have interest in tele­ Jimmie made a. red, white and blue shield series follow: vision's role in fighting the drug for the eagle's perch. He set this on a pole and tied the eagle by the foot, leaving the "A Trip To Nowhere," an NBC-TV epidemic. cord long enough so that the bird could fiy Network special was produced by Lucy If we are ever going to curb the drug a. little way. When the regiment went on the Jarvis to investigate the reasons people epidemic-and we must, I am convinced march Jimmie carried the eagle beside the turn to drugs-Monday, August 24, 8 that the start of the cure begins when color bearer. p.m. the public understands the degree of the The eagle was cheered by crowds of people "Drugs In the Classroom," a week­ illness. Telling it to the public is the job in every town. In the State Capitol it was named "Old Abe" for President Lincoln. By long discussion of the subject featured a of media. This job has been well done by NBC. that time "Old Abe" had grown to be a big panel of experts, questions from an all­ bird. His coat of feathers was a beautiful feminine studio audience, and moderator chocolate brown. It had golden lights that Aline Saarinen-Monday through Fri­ gleamed like copper in the sun. His ta.tl day, August 24 to 28, 9 to 9:30 a.m. MRS. BEULAH BEUTEL TELLS WHY feathers were white, with black spots. His "Drug Information Please," vital in­ THE BALD EAGLE WAS CHOSEN AS legs were bright yellow and his claws a shin­ OUR NATIONAL EMBLEM ing black. His head and neck a grayish white. formation on drugs was presented by He weighed only ten and one half pounds, KNBC, Los Angeles, Sunday, August 30, but when he was angry or excited he rufHed 12:30 p.m. HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL his feathers until he looked twice as big. His "What Hope, Which Direction?" ad­ OF OHIO wings when spread measured six and one half vice for parents with addicted children IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES feet from tip to tip. was produced by WMAQ-TV, Chicago, "Old Abe" never liked boys or dogs, be­ Sunday, September 6, 5 p.m. Monday, October 5, 1970 cause they teased him, but he loved march­ ing soldiers, and cheering and music. When "Ghetto Health: A Medical Emergen­ Mr. MINSHALL. Mr. Speaker, I re­ the band played he flapped his wings and cy," a second showing of the "New York cently received a most interesting letter made a whistling sound. He liked to sit on Dlustrated report on medical care," in­ from a thoughtful constituent, Mrs. an ofHcer's horse to watch a parade. The cluded drug treatment in the ghetto, Sat­ Beulah Beutel of Lakewood, Ohio, who ofHcers of the regiment always saluted him. urday, September 12, 7 p.m. says: A battle excited "Old Abe". The very first "Coming Down,"-A report on the drug When Prince Charles and Princess Anne time he heard a cannon shot, he broke his visited in Washington, D .O., this summer the cord and soared away. The soldiers thought problem in Washington, D.C., was pro­ he was gone forever. The smoke hid him, but duced by WRC-TV, Sunday, September Cleveland Press made the statement that amid the booming of the big guns they could 13, 12:30 p.m. when Princess Anne asked some of the Sen­ ators why we chose the eagle as our emblem hear him screaming. After the battle was over WNBC-TV also presented more than of the United States, they were not able to he circled the sky, then he dropped to his 50 public-service announcements featur­ answer her. She remarked that it was a poor perch. Whistling and chuckling and ruftling ing famous personalities with antidrug his feathers he walked and fiuttered all choice. I was keenly disappointed over no around the camp. messages addressed specifically to young response, so have taken the privilege to send After that "Old Abe" was not tied. He often people. in an answer. Perhaps you can place it in le:rt his perch to go fishing or hunting. He The spot announcements, ranging their reach for me or give it to some one who can so that these Senators may read it seemed to know that he was a heavy burden from 10 to 30 seconds, were aired for future use. for Jimmie to carry. Now and then he would throughout the broadcast day, and were Jean over and chuckle a sort of good-bye, delivered in the vernacular of the per­ I am delighted to do so, for the infor­ then he would soar aloft and fiy above the mation Mrs. Beutel has sent is both in­ marching regiment. The boys always cheered sonality delivering the message. him when he came home again. Among the personalities seen in the teresting and informative, and, as a "Old Abe" went through four years of antidrug campaign were football hall-of­ bonus she has also included the anecdote the war. He was in twenty two battles In all, farner and NBC sportscaster Kyle Rote, of "Old Abe" the War Eagle. and after every one of them he returned to Sandy Koufax, Tony Kubek, AI De­ The aforementioned follows: his own regiment. He never made a mistake, Rogatis, and Johnny Morris. Basketball WHY WE CHOSE THE EAGLE FOR THE U .S. or dropped into another camp. ms perch was EMBLEM often hit by bullets and several times his stars included Emmette Bryant and Fred feathers were tom but he was never badly Crawford of the Buffalo Braves; Tommy The Bald Eagle of North America was hurt. Hawkins of the Los Angeles Lakers; chosen as our National Emblem. It is the After the war "Old Abe" was given to the Spencer Haywood of the Denver Rock­ noblest of all birds. It is known for Its grace and beauty in flight, for its keenness of sight, State of Wisconsin. For fifteen years he lived ets; Dave Stallworth of the New York in the State House in Madison. In 1876 and for great endurance and power of flight. Jimmie McGinnis took him to the Centennial Knicks; and Walt Simon, Laverne Tart When full grown it has a wing spread of" and Sonny Dove of the New York Nets. Exposition in Philadelphia and there told the eight feet. The feathers on the head and famous eagle's story and sold his photograph Broadcast personalities included Hugh upper part of the neck are white, which gives to thousands of admiring visitors. Jimmie Downs, Dr. Frank Field, Ted Brown, and it the name of "Bald Eagle." It is the eagle McGinnis remained his keeper until the bird Joe Garagiola. The "Drug Alert" an­ represented on the coins and Coat of Arms died of old age in 1881. He was then stuffed nouncements were seen on the NBC of the United States. It was also a. Military and set upon his perch under a glass case Standard of Ancient Rome, and of France where he remained until the State House owned television stations in Washington, under Bonaparte. D.C., Chicago, Cleveland and Los Angeles. burned. Admired by thousands of visitors. They were produced and written by the THE STORY OF " OLD ABE" THE WAR EAGLE Advertising and Promotion Department (Taken from Compton's Encyclopedia) of WNBC-7V, with several of the seg­ A band of Chippewa Indians living in BREAK GROUND FOR POLICE-FIRE ments produced by WMAQ-TV, Chicago, northern Wisconsin were the first owners of and KNBC, Los Angeles. "'Old Abe", The War Eagle. ACADEMY AT NORTH PARK, PA. A previous antidrug service campaign, One day their chief, "Blue Sky" was out produced by WNBC-TV in cooperation hunting. As he came near the lake, saw an HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS with the Encounter Teenage Rehabilita­ eagle fiy with a. fish in Its mouth to the top of a. tall pine tree and feed its young. He OF PENNSYLVANIA tion Center and the New York City Addic­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion Services Agency, won first prizes chopped the tree down and took one of the young eagles home with him. He fed it on Monday, October 5, 1970 at the New York International Film and fish and raw meat, and it soon became tame. Television Festival and from the New Then "'Blue Sky"" sold the eagle to a white Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the in­ York State Broadcasters Association. man for five bushels of corn. crease of crime in the United States has October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34985 focused public attention on the fact This is one expenditure, I believe, nit y and better housing. But since without there is a critical demand for well-train­ which reflects with great credit upon the good health, dally functioning In holding Federal, State, and county governments. jobs, running households, attending school ed, well-equipped and well-qualified law and the ltke, Is difficult, If not Impossible. enforcement officers to meet the chal­ The need for such a joint facility is with­ various kinds o! health services are recog­ lenges of today. out question. It has long been advocated nized by the poor as a necessary condition At the same time, there has been, over in Allegheny County and long forgotten. for them to function with any adequacy at the past 25 years, another tremendous Now it is on the verge of becoming a work, at home and in their communities. increase by our citizens to the land of reality and the parties responsible for it There is much evidence of the deplorable suburbia with its neatly clipped lawns should be applauded for their foresight health status of the urban poor. "Poor" refers to all those familles, Including about 25 mil­ and split-level homes. However, suburbia and initiative. Uon Individuals whose Income falls below also is a land devoid of many conveni­ the commonly accepted government standard ences enjoyed by city dwellers; fire pro­ that would provide adequate food, clothing, tection, for example. In many areas this shelter and medical care.• The disproportion­ protection is provided by volunteers, men URBAN COALITION ROLE IN THE ate prevalence of Ill-health among the poor, who willingly become part-time public HEALTH FIELD minority and disadvantaged groups 1s shown servants without monetary compensa­ in many ways : Death comes earlier to the poor. Life ex­ tion. They are men who also furnish HON. JOHN C. CULVER pectancy !or t he non-white Is 7 years less numerous other services to improve their OF IOWA than for the white. community free of charge. Death Is a more frequent visitor to poor Obviously great strides have had to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mothers and Infants. Non-white mothers die taken to properly protect both the sub­ Monday, October 5, 1970 In childbirth 4 times as frequently as white urban and the urban citizen. Too often, mothers. Infant mortality Is twice as high Mr. CULVER. Mr. Speaker, the more among the non-white as among the white. these steps never were taken. Therefore, one analyzes the probletns faced by the Mr. Speaker, it is with great pride I Illness is twice as frequent among families cities of our Nation, the more one realizes with annual incomes of $2,000 or less. There bring to the attention of my colleagues that the roots of the difficulties are com­ Is 4 times as much chronic illness among the fact that Allegheny County's Board plex and inten-elated. Substandard hous­ these families, twice the number of days of of Commissioners in Pennsylvania broke ing, high rates of unemployment, insuffi­ restricted activity, a third longer hospltaltza­ ground on September 28 for a $2 million cient public services, and high incidence tlon. Police-Fire Academy at North Park, near of crime are each symptoms of a deterio­ Tuberculosis and cancer of the cervix Is Pittsburgh. ration in the quality of life, and each found twice as often among non-white This 52 acre site will be used as a train­ urban residents as among the white. contributes to the others. Visits to doctors and dentists, despite the ing facility for police officers and firemen One of the most serious results of this from the county's '129 individual munici­ obvious greater need, are less frequent process is that basic medical care is not among the urban poor. Children under age palities, according to Commission Chair­ available to residents of large parts of 15 average hal! the doctor visits In families man Leonard C. Staisey and Commis­ our major cities. The problem, unfortu­ with Incomes under $2000 compared with sioner Thomas J. Foerster. Completion of nately, is not limited to urban areas children of the same age In more affiuent the academy, Mr. Staisey said, is expect­ alone; severe medical shortages are suf­ families. ed within 12 to 15 months. fered throughout our rural areas as well. Preventive services are not received by the It will contain special facilities to meet Although fine hospitals and clinics exist, same proportion of poor children as they the requirements of both police and fire­ are by the more affiuent. Only 8.6% o! white access to them is often difficult. children have no Immunizations compared men. There will be a multipurpose Nor are there sufficient numbers of auditorium, classrooms and administra­ with 22.5 % of non-white children. private doctors to provide for all the Existing health services delivery systems tive offices. Police officers will be able to residents of these areas who need medi­ do not reach all of the urban poor. Medical take advantage of an indoor firearms care Is generally provided In cltnlcs where range in the winter and an outdoor cal care. To make matters worse, living condi­ available, generally overcrowded, at incon­ range in the summer. Firemen will be venient hours, understaffed, and run as cate­ able to update firefighting techniques tions are often not healthful, increasing gorical units; I.e., diabetes clinic, heart through the use of a 100,000 gallon water the needs for health care above normal cltnlc, arthritis clinic. Care Is episodic, tank, a 1,000 gallon-per-minute pump levels. Air and water pollution, crowded focused on emergencies rather than continu­ house and a 4-story fire tower. living conditions, inadequate waste dis­ ous and comprehensive, with little If any posal and the abundance of rats and attention to preventive services, or health The best equipment and training facili­ other pests compound the problems nor­ education. There Is little or no effort to ties in the world are useless, however, if mally to be expected when there are not reach those who need care, but lack motiva­ they are not properly utilized. But, Mr. enough doctors and nurses go around. tion. There Is little If any follow-up, co­ Staisey and Mr. Foerster have assured to ordinated control Intake, or referral proce­ the citizens of Allegheny County that If all our citizens are to have access to dures. competent and highly qualified instruc­ the medical care which our society is Where private doctors' offices are the tors will be selected to staff the acad­ capable of providing, a concerted effort source of care, high costs deny needed emy's training faculty. For instance, Mr. must be made by all. The Federal Gov­ services to many. While Title XIX (Medic­ Speaker, the director for the police acad­ ernment has a meaningful role to play, aid) has been in effect for a number of years, but the ccoperation and initiative of the not every state has yet participated, and even emy is James W. Slusser, a career law en­ medical profession, hospital administra­ where the states have, legislative ceilings forcement officer who compiled an en­ both Federal and state have irDposed stern viable record as the former superintend­ tors, and citizens groups is vital to prog­ lirDitations. Less than 9 million people al­ ent of police for the city of Pittsburgh. ress in this field. together In the country are covered and able No director has been chosen for the fire The urban coalition has recently pub­ to take advantage o! the program. This academy as yet, but the commissioners lished a paper on the health probletns of means that for the ot her mUUons of the have said he will be of equally high cali­ our cities which describes the nature of poor, the doctor's bill may strongly deter the problems perceptively and makes their seeking care. ber as Mr. Slusser. In addition, the clinics and doctors' offices Mr. Speaker, the Federal Government constructive suggestions as to how they might be approached. I recommend it to are not available to all. Many Inner-cit y has a stake in this ambitious and vital neighborhoods are far from where hospital undertaking on the part of Allegheny all concerned citizens and insert it in the clinics were set up a generation or more ago, County's commissioners. It is contribut­ RECORD at this time: doctors have moved to the more affiuent ing $719,000 toward the cost of providing URBAN CoALITION ROLE IN THE HEALTH FIELD suburbs; public transportation from many the police and firemen with the best in BACKGROUND education and training in their respective While no one wants to be sick, among the 1 Of an estimated 45 milli on poor peopl e, desperate needs of the urban poor and dis­ half live i n large m etropoli tan ar eas. Another fields. The State of Pennsylvania is add­ advantaged, seeking good health, Including 25 % of thi s total live in concentrati ons of ing another $323,000, and it is my under­ practicing preventive medicine, will not be popuLation but non-metropolitan areas. our standing supplemental grants will be perceived as first priority. They find as more primary concern is w i th the improv ement of available as work on the academy pro­ compelling needs, jobs, the opportunity to the health services in the citi es that serv e at gresses. own a business, more educational opportu- l east 25 million Americans. 34986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 of the innercity neighborhoods is lacking, nutritional education, improved housing, institutions where the evidence or their in­ insuffi.cient or expensive. The shortage of more and better skill training, finding and adequacy In dealing fairly and justly with health manpower generally Is well known, retaining jobs, are integrally related needs. all citizens Is demonstrable. The failures of and the shortages of physicians and nurses, However, as already stated, significant and the health service system to deal fairly and and other health personnel have been well substantial progress must be made toward justly with the poor is demonstrable. Change publicized. meeting each of these needs, but those ends in this system will require painful readjust­ The problem of accessibility of healt h will not be achieved unless simultaneously ment, but Is long overdue. It will not be care facilities is compounded In those in­ progress is mad.e toward providing more ade­ enough to recognize the defects In someone stances where governmental and private quate health services. else's operation. Sacrifice of traditional agencies and institutions have failed to re­ To achieve the progress that will better modes of thought and behavior will be ex­ organize to meet the personal health needs conditions in the cities and will reduce ten­ pected In one's own part of the whole. of the poor. In addition to the fact that sions in urban centers requires reassessment Recognition on the part or each element in­ f ac111ties are often absent, obsolete, or of responsibilities to be borne by the various volved, of his own deficiency Is basic to obsolescent, inadequate In scope of service elements In volved In delivering medical care change. Professions will be asked to re­ or availability temporarily or geographically, services : examine their patterns of practice, reim­ emergency services are dilficult to obtain, What responsi bili t i es can the private prac­ bursement, recruitment into training, and inadequately staffed, qualitatively inade­ tit i oners of medi cine assume jor improving the training itself. Institutions will be asked quate. t h e healt h oj the urban poor? to review the services rendered, the statling Environmental h ealt h n eeds are only min­ a) For giving leadership through their pro­ relationships, the interaction with other imally met. The problems of air and water fessional organizations in the modifications institutions, independence and responsive­ pollution are largely ignored. More personal required of medical practice to meet cur­ ness to community need. Governments will be environmental needs such as damp, cold rent needs? Of promoting group practice and asked to Investigate their a.llooatlon of funds, crowded housing are widespread among the more etlicient and economica.l financing evaluation procedures, program decision poor. Garbage and waste disposal is inade­ mechanisms? making and coordination with non-public quately supplied. Rats abound, as do other b) For establishing omces accessible to the bodies. In every instance the expert must ex­ pests. Most of such conditions result from poor, and using non-professional aides from pect to be questioned by the "beneficiary," failures of local policing and supervision. among the poor to serve the poor in these or his advocate, In this esse the sufferer from Federal aid does not serve local health offices? the deficiencies of the system, and reply as agencies effecti vely. For the past five years, c) For reaching out to the needy, rather to whether his action or position is to bene­ a spate of Federal legislat ion has been en­ than passively waiting to serve? fit his narrow interest or the larger goal. acted and the amounts spent by the Fed­ What responsibtlities must government as­ Aware of preva.lling health conditions in eral government in the health field have been sume for improving the health oj the urban this country's metropolitan centers, and the tripled. At the same time, because of the poor? drastic effect 0! these conditions on the multiplicity of funding sources and the com­ a) For establishing goals and priorities In quality of life in the Inner cities, the Urban plexity of approach, Including the prolifera­ health services that emphasize services to Coalition believes that: tion of planning bodies, local units were and people rather than payment to providers? 1. Efforts must be redoubled in each city are unable to take full or even partial advan­ b) For developing payment methods that to make it possible for all citizens to have tage of the resources available. Furthermore, minirnlze intl.ation and assist all needy Indi­ access to modern medical care. This will re­ the new legislation looked to modification viduals to meet the costs of essential medi­ quire that: of the local organization and new methods cal care? a) Each community, with the aid of Fed­ for the delivery of health services that exist­ c) For development and distribution of re­ eral assistance for "comprehensive health ing service agencies were completely unpre­ sources such as trained health manpower, planning," should diagnose available health pared to undertake. new and Imaginative combinations of health resources and Identify the areas and the Hunger and malnutriti on can be both a workers, interrelated health facllltles? groups for whom medical care services are concomitant to illness or a direct cause of What responsibilities must hospitals ana most needed and least available: it. Malnutrition is known to Interfere with medical teaching centers assume jor improv­ b) Coordinate existing services so as to proper growth of the fetus in the mother ing the health oj the urban poor? eliminate duplication and make more em­ during pregnancy, with the health of the a) For developing a full spectrum of Insti­ cient use of resources; pregnant woman, and Is responsible in some tutional services? c) Suggest programs where now lacking, degree for the higher maternal and infant b) For modernizing educational opportu­ or introduce transportation where required death rates among the poor. Malnutrition is nities to Increase their productivity, andre­ to olfer access to health services; known to be associated with improper de­ cruitment policies more applicable to the d) Extend existing services, particularly velopment of the growing child physically poor? making clinic services ava.llable at opportune and mentally, and Is responsible in part for c) For outreach services and programs be­ times; the Increased Illness among the children of yond their walls? e) Involve community residents in plan­ the poor, their learning ditliculties in school, d) For continuing education? ning and delivery of outreach services, par­ their later failure to find adequate employ­ What responsibtlities should business as­ ticularly use of the poor in reaching the non­ ment and in adult life, their increased chron­ sume for improving the health oj the urba11 users of care. ic illness. poor? While no single method or plan will fit all Some 25 million people must be counted a) For eliminating air and water pollu­ communities, no potentia.! opportunity must among the poor and the near-poor, yet no­ t ion? be overlooked. More convenient clinic hours, where near that number qualifies for, or lives b) For Improving existing housing condi­ better transportation, more facilities nation­ in communities that operate, Food Assist­ tions? ally interrelated, more etlicient use of Fed­ ance Programs. Only about 8 million actually c) For using their intluence in board mem­ eral and other public funds, more realistic receive food assist ance, through commodi­ bership of voluntary and public agencies use of stalf available and production of nec­ ties distribut ion or food stamp programs. t o facilitate needed change? essary manpower locally should all be ex­ Commodity distribution has been attacked It has become increasingly clear that the plored. as nutritionally inadequate, culturally un­ absence of representatives of the commu­ 2. Concentration on improvement oj spe­ suitable, and logistically impractical. Food nity in the councils and committees that cial programs with particular relev ance to stamp programs are hedged about with re­ decide on policies, devise plans and pro­ the needs of poor people. Here action is quirements of time and place and quantity grams and carry them out, Is a serious fiaw needed on the part of all related health agen­ of purchase reducing their coverage. School and probably contributes heavily to the cies to extend and improve prenatal care and lunches are not free to million of children failure or inadequacy of existing health pro­ Infant care services, school health services, who cannot purchase them even where they grams. Priorities and allocation of resources case-finding of handicapping condit ions and are available. Some districts specifically ex­ cannot be appropriately assessed if not coordination of health service to treat ortho­ clude families on welfare from free school related to the community of discourse, as pedic handicaps, provide glasses and other lunches for their children. Hundreds of wen as professional considerations. This is appliances. Major emphasis must be to im­ counties where desperately poor people live true of the poor, of au minority groups, and prove menta.! health services and community have no food programs at all. A study of even more so where profound cultural and programs for care and rehabilitation of the welfare food cash allowance in a report last language differences exist. The Involvement mentally retarded and emotionally disabled, year from HEW demonstrat ed its Inadequacy of poor whites and poor blacks Is essential In returning them to homes and jobs as quickly even for the poorest of the poor who qualify decision making on health planning and as possible. More home health care is urgent­ for welfare aid; the food prices are based programs, the involvement of Spanish ly needed. Fa.rnily planning efforts must be on 10-year old costs, or else the state and lo­ speaking people in Mexican-American and intensified. cal welfare payment is only 18% or 50% Puerto Rican communities, the involvement For all health services related to children, of the state's own admitted level of need. of Indians in their areas of residence. for example, the school can be used as a cen­ ter for ldentltlcatlon of cases, provision of KEY ISSUES POSrriONS care, and community involvement In health The healt h of residents of the inner cities The existence of the Urban Coalition is care. This will require a new focus on the cannot be served by health programs alone. based on the belief that concerned citizens part of granting agencies, planning groups Education, including health education and wish to contribute to the process of changing and health service agencies. However, the October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34987 school is where the children are, and where tion to Improve health services; technical One of the strangest paradoxes arising out mothers can be reached. While the present assistance through publications that wlil aid of the nationwid.e search for solutions to our turmoil in education might be prejudicial to in accomplishing the ends prescribed in the economic woes is that, even today, there is adding this concern to the already complex manual; and consultant services to stimu­ only a beginning appreciation of the tre­ discourse, it may also offer a ready-made ve­ late local coalition health activities. mendous and lasting !ntl.uence that water hicle for change in health services. It de­ development projects can have upon eco­ serves serious consideration. nomic growth. The multiplicity of benetl.ts 3. No child should go hungry. No adult that such projects provide an entire region should be without needed food. To ensure CARL ALBERT ADDRESSES NA­ receives only limited recognition. The fac­ these ends will require: TIONAL WATERWAYS CONFER­ tors of interregional growth and the inter­ a) Consolidation of local resources to regional cooperation which such growth fos­ ellm!nate hunger. Every community must ENCE ters go virtually unapplauded, except by have a supplemental food program, and a those who work in the water development case-finding program to identify all families field and are familiar with the results. and individuals whose resources are !nsuffi.- HON. ED EDMONDSON From the Danube to the Mississippi, the . c!ent to provide them with the minimum re­ OF OKLAHOMA contribution of water transportation to the quired basic standard nutriments; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vitality of any region is a matter of historical b) Existing Federal aid should be ut!l!zed record. Yet somehow men have always been to the fullest. That will necessitate the shar­ Monday, October 5, 1970 shortsighted and skeptical about their life­ ing by governments in the administrative Mr. EDMONDSON. Mr. Speaker, it giving rivers. It was just a little more than cost of stamps, commodities or free lunches was with great pride that I listened to a century ago that many men scoffed at the and breakfasts, and nutrition education; idea of the steamboat plying the waters of c) Private resources, ln. addition, should our majority leader, my friend and col­ the fractious Missouri. It was just a little be sought and used where needed. league, CARL ALBERT, deliver the closing more than a generation ago that learned 4. Environmental hazards and disease­ address at the recent National Water­ scholars said tl.atly that pioneering pro­ producing agents must be eliminated. This ways Conference in Tulsa, Okla. posals for multi-purpose development of the requires that large-scale air pollution and I can think of no other Member of Tennessee River were a hopeless pipe dream waste disposal problems must be more vigor­ this body who has worked harder or with that it was Impossible to develop a major ously attacked by public agencies. While greater dedication to make the dreams river for navigation, tl.ood control, and power more rigorous nationwide standards may be production. needed, private business can act to eliminate of the late Senator Kerr and others like All of us who enjoy the fruits of modern its contribution to pollution of the atmos­ him, come to fruition through work on life today can thank the good Lord that, for phere. Much of the clean-up, rat control, the Arkansas River navigation project. every prophet of doom who predicted failure, garbage disposal and elimination of pests and In his remarks to this Conference of Na­ there were other men with wisdom and fore­ nuisances that make the surroundings of life tional Waterways leaders, CARL ALBERT sight who said that these things could be In poverty unpleasant and prone to added pointed to the future when he stated: done, that they would be done, and saw to lllness, can be dealt with through special­ it that they were done. Ized manpower; housing aides for Inspection, What happens to the land, the woods and the water determines what happens to the Last year, our country's waterborne com­ sanitation aides for education and clean-up. merce totaled 1.4 billion tons. Grain, petro­ 5. Expand the essential supply oj health people. leum, coal, !ron and steel, and countless other manpower through interaction with local Mr. Speaker, this foresight and de­ products moved in huge volumes along our educational institutions and health service termination to develop our water re­ national waterways, comprising about one­ bodies. A great deal of the community work sixth of the total ton-m!leage of the Nation's that needs to be done in taking care of the sources have been the hallmarks of the intercity tramc. Yet there are still those who non-professional aspects of personal health great leadership CARL ALBERT bas pro­ would stick the "pork barrel" label on every care, such at home health aides, interpreters, vided to this body for more than 20 years. water project, who would deny the rights of new kinds of technicians, the ellminat!on of I urge my colleagues to study tbe re­ free men to develop their resources wisely so environmental hazards and the case-tl.nding marks of our majority leader, and feel that mlll!ons of lives might be Improved. aspects of nutrition and handicapping condi­ sure they will agree that what he has Thus it was that many good men fought tions, the educational aspects of health and said is a blueprint for progressive and long and hard for the Arkansas waterway. nutrition can be carried on by specially Battles were waged, skirmishes were won and trained local people. In addition, through prosperous development of our Nation. lost in the halls of Congress, and at the state community conferences with medical school I include the text of Congressman and local level. But we never gave up. Navi­ leaders and schools of public health, the op­ ALBERT'S address in the RECORD at this gation made Little Rock a. port city in 1968 portunities can be developed for Increasing point: and did the same for Fort Smith in 1969. By the supply of physicians, nurses and public REMARKS oF HaN. CARL ALBERT the end of this year, the waterway wlll reach health workers. This should apply particu­ Tulsa's Port of Catoosa. larly to the possibll!ty of recruiting local Bob Kerr had a dream and he spent a Look what has already happened. The first poor and disadvantaged into these health fruitful lifetime working for its fulfillment. year the river was opened to Little Rock, it careers. He believed that man's progress was in­ was anticipated that 700,000 tons of com­ In brief, the Coalition will strive to aid separably tied to the unified development of merce would be transported. But when the local communities: nature's resources-to the development of figures were all tall!ed, the total commerce To make the best possible use of existing land, wood, and water, as he so efoquently moved was 2'h million tons! Already, con­ resources; put it. He was particularly persuasive when struction of new plants is underway through­ To expand health services for mothers and he spoke of his hopes for this Arkansas out the lower Arkansas Valley. Private in­ chlldren; Basin, of the products of farm and industry dustry has announced plans to invest over To intensify Federal efforts to assist local moving up and down the Arkansas and on $700 mllllon in new industrial starts or ex­ communities in Improving their health fa• into Oklahoma, "feeding lifeblood into the pansions. cilities and services; economy of America and the world." He spoke This is obviously just a beginning. As the To el!m!nate barriers to access to adequate of the new cities and industrial centers to waterway stimulates new industrial growth, supplies of food; come "where today," he said, "only a shallow people will be needed to build and operate To strengthen Federal programs designed river hunts and follows a shifting pathway the new plants. That means new jobs. More to add health manpower to the pool available to the sea." housing and more trades and services will be for service to residents in the inner cities; How entirely tl.tt!ng it is to have the Na· needed. That means more new jobs. To press for greater citizen participation t!onal Waterways Conference meet with us My distinguished colleague in the House, in community health service decision mak­ here in Tulsa, near the headwaters of the Wilbur Mills of Arkansas, has estimated that ing and operation. Nation's newest inland waterway, the long there w!ll be a $20 blilion growth in the Short-term, immediate objectives should awaited Arkansas-Verdigris Waterway. For in Arkansas River Valley over the next two include all local efforts to Improve clinic this region, Bob Kerr's dream of a developed decades. He has stated that increased in­ services keeping in view the long-term ob­ river is at long last coming true. come to the Treasury from the increased in­ jective of comprehensive group practice, pre­ AcrOGS our Nation today, there is mount­ come taxes paid by prosperous Valley citizens paid, possibly through neighborhood health ing concern about economic growth and how would pay back the Government's invest­ centers; developing realistically defined en­ best to allocate limited public !unds to help ment many times. try level job opportunities coupled with achieve it. The country is beset by rising in­ Can we really expect such results? We need health career development opportunities; fl.ation on the one hand and mounting un­ look no farther than our neighboring regions improved food distribution programs. employment on the other. These are not just to get the answer to that question. To achieve these goals, the Urban Coal!• phrases from an economist's textbook. High The Ohio River system, which was built tion is developing and will shortly publish, costs of goods and under-utlllzed manpower in the early part of this century to carry 13 a "B for Action," offering local coalitions a are real. We can feel them; they touch our million tons of commerce annually, today wide range of choices in various areas of ac- lives every day, and they hurt. carries well over 100 mlllion tons. CXVI-2203-Part 26 34988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 The Tennessee River, on which Jess than studies show that more than 80 percent of Let's not clip the wings of the goose that's a milllon tons o'f co=erce moved In the the new manufacturing employment since laying our golden eggs. Rather than emascu­ mid-thirties, recorded shipments last year 1966 occurred outstde the major metropolitan lating the effect of water transportation by exceeding 24 million tons of high value cargo. areas of the region. People go where the jobs levying tolls, It would be far better to Shippers using the Tennessee waterway are. More Importantly, If they are already strengthen and broaden the transportation In 1969 saved about $45 million, which Is there, they have the opportunity to stay at network of this Nation by utlllzlng the power reflected In lower prices to consumers, greater home. Navigation alone has not been re­ of government to establish a complete sys­ earnings for businesses, and ultimately In­ sponsible for decentralized growth In the tem of joint routes and rates so that shippers creased Income for folks all across the coun­ Tennessee Valley, of course. But when you would have a full range of choices to meet try. Moreover, the Tennessee River experi­ consider the Impressive growth on this de­ their transportation needs. ence shows that competition from water veloped river, the presence of the waterway Such action would clearly be in the con­ carriers stimulates other carriers In finding has obviously been a most significant factor. sumer Interest. It clearly would be In the better ways of doing business at lower cost. A central theme of this convention has national Interest. This Is not to deny the For example, studies by the Tennessee Val­ been to emphasize that the availabllity of rights of private enterprise to falr profits. It ley Authority have Identified over 400 rail low-cost water transportation, as part of Is not Inconsistent with the spirit of com­ rate reductions which have been made to multiple-purpose river development pro­ petition so vital to sustaining the American meet the waterway competition. TVA says grams, provides a foundation for growth on economy. In this modern computerized world, the annual savings accruing to railroad cus­ a scale which could not otherwise occur. It It Is far from being a task beyond techno­ tomers as a result of these reduced rates has generated major Industrial expansion logical capability. more than equal the savings realized by the along the country's navigable waterways, Surely, as this Nation approaches Its 200th waterway shippers. Nearly $2 billion worth providing opportunity for private investment, anniversary, government and Industry-and of private Industrial plants and terminals dot creating good jobs at higher wages for many the various competing segments of Indus­ the shoreline of the Tennessee, providing thousands of workers, and helping the con­ try-have acquired enough maturity to sit direct employment for more than 37,000 sumer's dollar to stretch a little farther In down together and work for the common people and at least an equal number of new these times when he needs all of the help he good of the country. This is a big and com­ jobs for people In trades and services. can get. In addition, as we have just dis­ plex job. But as we discussed a few minutes These figures are Impressive, but TVA re­ cussed, the social benefits of waterway de­ ago, the country can no longer afford to walt ports that the surface of potential progress velopment may have far-reaching ramifica­ In Its planning for tomorrow. It's high time has barely been scratched. More than 99 tions of greater and more lasting value than we got together and started to do something percent of the Investment In waterfront any we have previously experienced. about our transportation needs on a national plants along the Tennessee has been made Yet In the full face of such benefits, we still scale. since the navigation channel was completed have those who would deny our people the The need for joint effort to solve todav's a quarter century ago. For those Interested right to the greatest possible use of this de­ transportation problems takes on new ur­ in wise water resource development and the velopment tool. Today, waterway tolls or gency when you consider that the day has benefits it can provide, this fact Is of para­ "user charges" are proposed on the overly arrived when we can actually help create the mount significance. simplified premise that "beneficiaries of the Industrial growth centers of tomorrow Again, the major point in any discussion waterway should pay Its costs." I think our through our prudent decisions on transporta­ of water development benefits Is that they discussion shows that everyone In the United tion matters today. It has been demonstrated are so widespread as to be almost incalcula­ States, and I mean that quite literally, every­ that where waterways intersect rail and ble. Because of our developed waterways, one benefits. Then how are you going to al­ highway routes a new transport flexibility new jobs are created; new investments help locate the costs fairly? The end result of wa­ to create an upward spiraling economy; and Is achieved which, In company with other terway user charges can be only this: The assets such as water supply, power, raw ma­ countless products are available to con­ burden of cost is going to fall on the small sumers at lower costs because of the availa­ terials, and available industrial sites, can farmer, the small businessman, the young have tremendous Influence on Industrial bility of low-cost barge transportation. Take man just out of school looking for a job and note that we haven't even gotten into the location. a better way of life, and, most of all, on the Such transportation complexes provide new fact that most major water projects are consumer through higher prices on the multiple-purpose projects, providing protec­ Industries with great fiexlb111ty In getting countless products he requires In this mod­ raw materials and shipping finished prod­ tion from devastating floods, storing water ern society. to supply growing co=unlties, creating a ucts. Moreover, the economic competition Here In the Oklahoma-Arkansas area, the between modes tends to make the whole source for low-cost electric power and a new waterway-even before its completion­ mecca for growing millions of outdoor recre­ transportation system more efliclent and pro­ has already led to a rail rate reduction of motes lower costs for moving the Nation's ation enthusiasts. some 7 cents per bushel on wheat shipments Here too, It is time for a national under­ goods. to the Gulf Coast. This is a prime example of The overall effect is to disperse industrial standing of the tremendous social impact the value of waterways as a competitive which water projects can have upon our transportation factor. But the primary point growth. Whereas Industries otherwise might country's future way of life. By the end of tend to congregate in present urban cen­ is that the Arkansas Valley farmer gets a lit­ ters-multiplying the problems of metro­ this century, If present trends continue, 85 tle more for his wheat and, If we want to percent of the Nation's people will be concen­ carry the story to the end of the line, the politan eongestlon-with the new growth trated In urban areas. Many of them will be housewife pays a little less for her bread. centers, Industrial expansion can be spread crowded together in gigantic clusters com­ Conceivably, a user charge would wipe out to the countryside. Employment and income posed of extensions of today's already con­ some or even all of this saving. We also can galnG help check migration to the cities. gested metropolitan areas-an accumula­ be pretty sure that it wouldn't be long be­ With these obvious benefits, the well­ tion of homes, roads, factories, power lines, fore the rail rates moved back upward to planned creation of transportation com­ and other facilities posing problems that adjust to the waterway user charge. The end plexes to speed economic growth, and spread will make solutions to today's environmental result Is a higher price for wheat products, it as widely as possible, should become a difficulties seem tame by comparison. eventually passed on to the poor consumer. planned part of national policy. There Is no simple solution to the prob­ Multiply this one example by the countless This transportation complex Idea has par­ lems of massive urbanization-housing and commodities transported on the Nation's wa­ ticular application along newly developing ghettoes, mass transportation, noise, garbage terways, and watch the ln.flatlonary spiral waterways, such as the Arkansas. In this river disposal, congestion, and all the others. But soar higher and higher. basin, we have excellent highway and rail here 1S one solution that needs greater pro­ Another reason often advanced for assess­ connections with the waterway. We have motion and application. Waterfront plants Ing tolls on waterway co=erce Is that such prime land available for large-scale Indus­ are most often located in rural areas. The charges would tend to "equalize" competi­ trial development. We can profit from the new employment opportunities created by tive conditions between railroads and barge mistakes and experiences of other regions. these plants are being filled in large part by lines by requiring barges to pay for their The Arkansas system taps a major portion of people from the farms and nearby small right-of-way costs as the railroads do. But the American market, representing a large towns. proponents of this argument do not also urge share of the purchasing power and produc­ Without the opportunities created by our the "equalizing" effect of requlr1ng the rail­ tivity of our country. waterways, the drain of people from the roads to establish joint rates and routes with This project is, In one sense, a memorial to countryside to the cities In recent years un­ water carriers as they do with one another. the lifetime hopes, work, and dreams of many doubtedly would have been far greater. How Nor do they deplore the railroads' refusal to civic-minded people. The Corps of Engineers much more of our urbanization problem move ex-barge traffic on the same basis which has done a magnificent engineering job. The could have been alleviated 1f waterway de­ ex-rail traflic moves. This Is a practice which, Federal government will have an investment velopment had been pushed more aggres­ although technically subject to !ega! redress of some $1.2 billion In the system. sively in the past? How much can it con­ In some instances, requires such lengthy and Realizing the great return promised on this tribute to better national planning for a de­ expensive legal proceedings as to discourage Investment will require planning. It will re­ centralized pattern of growth and therefore the effort. quire teamwork-at the local level, at the aid In bringing real quality into the lives of In short, waterways are performing a serv­ state level, at the national level. This Is why our people in the future? Again, an example Ice to the people of the United States. Other joint efforts such as the interstate committee from the Tennessee River Valley: There, transportation systems are doing likewise. appointed by the governors of Oklahoma, October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34989 Arkansas, and Kansas are so vital to success­ Approximately one and a. half hours be­ supplier of power 1n their area.. Such a sup­ ful development. Here the problems of water fore you and Mrs. Nixon helicoptered 1n plier would provide cheaper service and that use, pollution control, industrial and recrea­ from the White House, Mr. Reuben Hicks, would be embarrassing, and unprofitable, tor tional site preservation-all of the complex the manager of the co-op received a call the companies. issues involving the rights of states, local from an official of the Virginia Electric & Between 1964 and 1968 these power com­ communities, and individuals-can be re­ Power Company, the investor-owned electric panies have spent half a million dollars 1n solved. company which supplies wholesale power to efforts to fight off a government installation. The proper husbandry of this created re­ the Prince William system. They have been successful. Our country source is a. reepons1b111ty we must accept. The VEPCO official told Mr. Hicks that due has not. We must do so 1n such a. manner that t he to a power shortage that day his company We thank you for listening to us, and we benefits flow from the river throughout the was cutting back its primary voltage by five wish you every success 1n electrifying your valley and to its "cities, to the hinterlands percent and asking all consumers to turn off own lovely nat ion. May it escape the mis­ beyond, and to the total of our Nation by those electrical appliances that were not takes we have discussed here. creating new a.nd better opportunities for absolutely necessary. He asked Mr. Hicks to trade and commerce, for dispersal of job do the same. PoWER CoPOUT opportunities foc those now imprisoned 1n Mr. Hicks did. As a result, 1! it was a. bit On Tuesday, whlle many residents of the great overcrowded population centers, stuffy ln the Kline farmhouse, that stu.m­ eastern states were groping their way through and for a. better balanced and improved cli­ ness occurred because some air conditioners brownouts of electric power, the House o! mate for living for all America.. were turned off and others were running at Representatives was cleaning up routine T:llis must be our objective, knowing full five percent less than the normal voltage. business. Part of that business was to vote well that before this century ends the popu­ Mrs. Marcos, as we listened to your ques­ down the appropriation for the Dickey Lin­ lation of our country will top 300 milUon. tions we were charmed to find that you really coln federal power project. The demand for food and tiber, for more and truly wanted to find out the bows and The Dickey Lincoln hydroelectric project goods and services of every kind, w1ll require whys of electrification. Knowing that about 1n northern Ma.lne was authorized back 1n wise and prudent use of our expendable fuel, you, we would like to give you a little back­ 1965 to supply New England with peaking mineral and timber resources, more water of ground on the power situation 1n this coun­ power-the kind of power especially suited high quality, more of everything we possess. try, 1n the hopes that you may be able to to prevent the shortages that cause brown­ In thiS respect, the Arkansas Valley is not avoid s1m1lar problems 1n the Ph111pp1nes. outs. Considering the power emergency on unlike thousands of other valleys around the The reason VEPCO and then the co-op the east coast, you would expect Dickey world. In this way they are thn same: What cut back voltage and asked cut-o1f of non­ Lincoln to have wide support. Well, it does. happens to the land, the woods, and the wa­ essentla.l appliances yesterday was a shortage It has been supported by the Kennedy, John­ ter determines what happens to the people. of power that is becoming every day mm-e son and Nixon adm1n1strations, by the Fed­ Men are moving on the Ohio, the Columbia, prevalent across the United States. eral Power Commission, by the Army Corps the Tennessee, the Cumberland, the mighty Earlier 1n the day, while you were dining of Engineers and by private study groups. M1sslss1ppi, and across many other river val­ 1n the White House, our Northeastern But it has had one powerful source of leys to assure a lasting, productive resource United States were already suffering a power opposition. That is the private utillty com­ base for generations to come. T know I speak shortage. As a result, the Potomac Electric panies 1n New England. These companies­ for the people of the ArkallSlU Basin when I Power Company (PEPCO), which serves thiS which sell some of the most costly electricity say, we are proud that our d IVeloped river capital city, had, by afternoon, begun wheel­ 1n the country--oppose Dickey Lincoln, say­ is ready to Join in this quest for a better ing power to New York and other northern ing New England's power supply should be tomorrow. coast areas. left to the private enterprise system. But it was, as you remember, a notably And to make sure that public power hot and muggy day. By mid-afternoon com­ doesn't get into the act, 17 major private panies 1n this area. whl.ch had wheeled power ut1Ilt1es 1n New England have organized to POWER COPOUT AND AN EXPLANA­ to other areas 1n the morning, were buying block Dickey Lincoln, mounting what Sen­ TION TO MRS. MARCOS power from other producers 1n other parts ator Edmund Muskie ot Maine has described of th.e nation. as a vicious lobbying campaign. The fact is that we have insu.fiiclent power Another Senator, Lee Metcalf, Democrat of HON. WILLIAM D. HATHAWAY 1n this country. Until recently, it was only Montana, recently learned from the FPC that OF KAINE a summer problem. Now, with environmental these companies spent half a. mlll1on dollars considerations slowing down construction of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to lntl.uence public op1n1on against Dickey new generating facllitles, and with fuels to Lincoln !rom 1964 through 1968, the period Monday, October 5, 1970 power present facUlties 1n short supply, we for which figures are a.va.llable. And the cost will have a. winter problem, too. of this publicity was carried on t.he com­ Mr. HATHAWAY. Mr. Speaker, on her It Is a sad situation, Mrs. Marcos, and you panies' books as operating expenses, to be recent visit to this country, the charm­ would be quite right to ask why lt came to defrayed through the electricity bills paid ing First Lady of the Philippines, Mrs. exist 1n a. country so rich and scientifically by the consum.er. Imelda Marcos, expressed interest in fa­ advanced as ours. The answer-that Is the Well, Tuesday's vote ln the House was proof miliarizing herself with the whys and primary answer-is: We have bullt our power that all this brainwashing and lobbying has wherefores of American electrification. industry on a creed of profits and not upon paid off. Two hundred thirty-one Congress­ a belief ln public service. Had it been other­ men voted aga.lnst the Dickey Lincoln ap­ And so a tour of a rural electric coopera­ wise, we would not have been forced to bulld tive in Manassas, Va., was thoughtfully propriation. the cooperative system. And we certainly If the Dickey Lincoln case is any example, arranged for her by the White House. would not have been subject to the recur­ Congress answer to the brownout is the An explanation and an apology for ring blackouts and brownouts that are be­ cop out. what happened thereafter are contained coming a. part of American rue. in a letter composed by the editor of Tragically, many people st1ll do not under­ the Rural Electric Newsletter and ap­ stand thiS reason. The head of our Federal Power Commission has stated repeatedly CZECHOSLOVAK LANGUAGE NEWS­ pearing in the September 25 Issue of that voluntary regional counclls composed that publication. I include this composi­ PAPER PUBLISHER ENDS PUB­ of privately-owned power producers are LISHING CAREER tion, together with a related editorial capable of and have the necessary sense of broadcast by New York City's WCBS-TV public service to make sure that there will be on September 24, in the CONGRESSIONAL always plentiful, reasonable, and reliable en­ HON. J. J. PICKLE RECORD at this pumt: "rgy for our people. That, as you may see 1n toda.y's news­ OJ' TEXAS APOLOGY AND EXPLANATION papers, is simply not the case. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WASHINGTON, D.C.-Mrs. Imelda Marcos, Perhaps the most ironic event yesterday Monday, October 5, 1970 these words are for you. occurred 1n our Capitol Buliding itself. There We of the National Rural Electric Coopera­ the members of the House of Representa­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, with the tive Association were honored to have you tives, including the majority of Congress­ publication of the last issue of the visit the Prince Wlll1am Rural Electric Co­ men from New England, voted against money Czechoslovak language newspaper "Novy op 1n Manassas, Virginla, yesterday. for a big Federal power dam (Dickey-Lin­ Domov," a fine, old gentleman newspaper We sincerely hope that you enjoyed your coln) which would have given our North­ publisher ended his publishing career. visit to the co-op headquarters and later to eastern states a crucially needed additional the farm of Mr. and Mrs. Wlll1am Kline. source of electricity. Walter Malec owned and edited "Novy At times it was uncomfortably warm and But, Mrs. Marcos, t.he power companies of Domov" for 40 years. Recently, he sold stuffy 1n both places. New England, privately-owned and eager to his interests in several English-language We wish to apologize for that-and to keep making profits even at the expense of papers, but at 83, does not plan to retire offer explanation. public welfare, do not want a. government from the newspaper field, but rather 34990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 hopes to devote more time to writing Jacinto Battleground heroes. This fact was a man tlll his age. Discerne the comming on soon rectified through legislation that even­ of yeares, and thlnke not, to doe the same short editorials and continuing his im­ tually led to the establishment of historical things stlll; for age wlll not be defied .•. portant work in locating and bringing committees today in practically every Texas Examine thy customes, of diet, sleepe, exer­ recognition to the early pioneering efforts county. cise, apparell, and the Uke; and trle in any in Texas. Walter Malec is one of the great Malec also pioneered physical fitness pro­ thing, thou shalt judge hurtful, to discon­ journalists of your State. I would like to grams, organizing the Catholic Sokol, a. na­ tinue it by Uttle and little . . ."-Francis reprint the following article, which ap­ tional movement which had more than 20 Bacon, 1625. peared in several Texas newspapers, out­ clubs in Texas at one time. Thousand-year-old sequoias tower above lining some of Mr. Malec's important He served as editor of the Czech gymnasts' us here and show us the relatively eternal omcial publication for 21 years. vitallty and beauty of their klnd of life. In crusades on the Texas scene: Malec took his first vacation in forty years contrast, the generation cycle of man begins MALEC ENDS PUBLICATION OF "NOVY DOMOV" recently to visit a brother in Omaha, Ne­ with the bloom and inexperience of youth AFrER 40 YEARS braska. and gradually develops into the mature re­ (By Chuck Schwartzkopf) On the eve of his 83rd birthday, September sources of men as they become increasingly The successful integration into society of 3rd, he remainS active and looks forward to decrepit. This cycle of health is important one of Texas' first "minority groups" was being able to devote more time to his "short and must be borne by all. Yet the duration chronicled in Hallettsville recently when editorials" and campaign for pioneer recog­ of each generation cycle is determined by the nition. vigor of life and depends upon how that cycle veteran newspaperman Walter Malec ceased The Lavaca Co. Soil Conservation District publication of the state's leading Czechoslo­ is managed. That is the topic today: The recently honored Malec for his general con­ Good Life. vak language newspaper, "Novy Domov", or tributions to agriculture and soil conserva­ "New Home". How can we acquire wisdom in the sense of tion. strengthening health and delaying the onset Established in 1894 in Hallettsville "to "I never looked for public recognition," he adapt immigrants to their new surroundings of the degenerative disorders? comments with typical newspaper editor There are some amazing contrasts. Let us without loss of their heritage or faith", the resignation. oldest Czechoslovak newspaper in Texas had imagine we were here in 1900. Our adult life He adds, "Just to do something that should expectancies would be a few years less. Our served as the omcial organ of the Union of be done has been my satisfaction." Czech Catholic women of Texas (K.J.Z.T.) oldsters would be fewer and, less vigorous; Malec publications have been a family af­ since 1897. they would be shorter, more diseased, and The weekly had been owned and edited fair ever since Walter Malec came to Texas in more exposed to experience of disease. Most since 1931 by Malec Publishing Co. who pub­ 1931 with a family of seven children and only of us would have the scars of tuberculoois, lishes the Tribune-Herald of HallettsvUle $100 in his pocket. ravages brought on by the lack of the B and and other English language papers in East His wife, Anna, worked at his side con­ C vitamins; the combinations of gout, stantly until her death in 1965 at the age rheumatism, bad teeth, and bolls; tendency Bernard and Moulton. of77. Malec sold his interests earlier this sum­ to diarrhea, and to bladder and kidney mer in English newspapers in NeedvUle, Gan­ A daughter, Anna, is Society Editor and stones; and other amtctions. In spite of all ado and Yoakum, but gave the 2800 Novy bookkeeper for the 6,300 circulation Halletts­ this burden, llfe expectancy of the seventy­ Domov subscription list to "Katollk" pub­ v1lle Tribune-Herald which is edited by a year-old would be only three years shorter lished weekly by the Bohemian Benedictine son, Richard, who also is managing editor of than it is today and health would be twenty­ Order at St. Procopius Abbey near Chicago, the East Bernard Tribune at East Bernard. five per cent less vigorous. But in regard to llllnois. A daughter, Mrs. Lawrence Rothbauer, op­ infants in 1900, life expectancy would be Fiery editorials by Malec as early as the erates an intertype machine and assists with twenty years shorter than today's. Many died 1930's had given Novy Domov a reputation as social news writing. in childbirth. This is no longer the case, but one of the first "champions of the small Mrs. L. T. Biehunko is assistant editor of also many conditions that brought poor farmer". the Moulton Eagle newspaper. Before her health to our generation were consequent to At his urging, 10,000 farmers gathered at marriage, another daughter, Mrs. W1lliam the more prevalent and more severe diseases HallettsvUle in 1939 to form a short-lived Pearson of Austin worked on the Hallettsv1lle of our childhood. Children surviving en­ "Small Farmers Association" dedicated to and Yoakum papers published by Malec Pub­ counters with disease grew to adult life with the promise, "The community and whole lishing Co. A son, Joe, is a public relations a burden of poor health; the secondary dis­ country stands or falls with the farmers." consultant in Austin, but learned the news­ orders related to childhood diseases con­ Malec, who was born in Moravia, Czecho­ paper and advertising profession at home and tinued to impair health on into adult life. slovakia, and came to America at the age of at the University of Texas. All of my Ufe, I have been exam1nlng the 16, was an early critic of Communist Russia causes of diseases. I have looked systemati­ resulting in the paper's investigation for "un­ cally into as many records relating to this Am.erican activities" at the end of World War process as I could find, such as the vital sta­ n. The paper was exonerated and today it is THE GOOD LIFE tistics by state, city, and country. In a few seen how right Malec was. In recent years instances, interesting records are available Publisher Malec had been assisted by Mrs. representing an extraordinary span of time. John (Julia Netardus) Urblsh in the publica­ HON. HOWARD W. POLLOCK In Scandinavia during a visit fifteen years tion of the Novy Domov. OF ALASKA ago, I found that vital statistics records for He recalls today, "It didn't matter to me IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES both Sweden and Denmark extended back in because I have always told the people what a useful way nearly three hundred years. I they should know-regardless of whether Monday, October 5, 1970 used this compilation of information to show they like it or not." Mr. POLLOCK. Mr. Speaker, today I that there was a major relationship between "We would have a better country today if the level of childhood diseases and later adult there were more weekly newspapers that fol­ am inserting in the CONGRESSIONAL health. This century's unique low level of lowed this rule," Malec believes. RECORD a speech by the distinguished childhood diseases has added, by my esti­ Existing Malec publications still print a scientist, Dr. Hardin B. Jones, professor mate, fifteen years of youthful life to the life complete weekly report on courthouse rec­ of medical physics and physiology at the expectancy of the adult population of Europe ords and legal action that seldom goes into University of California, Berkeley. The and probably nearly as much gain for us, the print in most hometown newspapers. speech, entitled "The Good Life," de­ United States. The experienced crusading editor has never tails Dr. Jones' theory of aging and I was able to explain by way of my theory been sued, but reveals several threats have of aging that each disease experience sets the been made to his life during a long career of presents many facts and observations to substantiate his hypothesis. A careful health a little bit lower and makes the next looking for corruption in both national and disease experience somewhat more probable. local governments. reading of Dr. Jones' remarks will yield The sum of all the disease experiences pre­ He remembers walking home one night, much valuable information concerning dicts the overall risk of the final disease in years ago, "down the middle of a lonely Hal­ the factors that contribute to a heathy life. lettsville street with holstered gun at my side and productive life. Thus, I commend A part of my hypothesis accounts for the after receiving a threat to be kllled 1! I Professor Jones' excellent work to the fact that risk of degenerative diseases In­ printed a story on allegedly questionable attention to this august body: creases multiplicatively throughout lite. In a courthouse dealings." THE GOOD LIFE population of young adults at a certain age, His leading role as historian and locator of the level of the probab!llty of occurrence of the graves of early Texas heroes earned rec­ (By Hardin B. Jones, Ph. D.) the degenerative diseases is low; during the ognition from five gubernatorial administra­ "There is a wisdome in this, beyond the next eight years, the risk of these diseases tions and the commendation of state and rules of physicke: A mans owne observation, increases so that the number of degenerative national legislative bodies. what he finds good of, and what he finds diseases in the same population would have A joint Texas House-Senate resolution hurt or, Is the best physlcke to preserve doubled by the end of that time; and in an­ credits Malec with first pointing out that health ... For strength of nature in youth other eight years the risks would have Texas had never marked the graves of its San passeth over many excesses, which are o~ng doubled again, etc. Degenerative diseases October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34991 cause most deaths and they reflect the deple­ The resultant of the two forces causes the lem can disappear altogether as eating pat­ tion of body vigor brought on by aging. death risk to rema.ln constant. terns are corrected to need. The animals that live less long than man An earlier trend of this sort is now observ­ Most of us don't get enough exercise; de­ age In the same pattern, but their rate of able in the statistical records of the country generative diseases can be Induced because aging is faster. For example, the horse dou­ of Cyprus. This island, essentially tropical In various parts become fiabby from lack of use. bles risk of degenerative disease in four climatic conditions, has gained over the past This applies to muscles, joints, the heart, years; in the cow the doubling time is but fifty years even more remarkable progress to arteries, and to the organs and endocrine three and a half years; and the doubling good health than Scandinavia. I believe this glands. Many individually appropriate sched­ time in the chicken, the cat, and the dog is is also due to the application of the germ ules of exercise are available and likely to be approximately two to three years. In the theory of disease. Infectious disease has de­ helpful. It's not too late, as long as you're mouse the doubling time is three months, clined In Cyprus even below the Scandinavian not already affected by overt disease. Exercise and in the fly, a day. So the members of the countries. The risk of dying from degenera­ tolerance must be built up gradually and In animal kingdom all have the same general tive diseases is the least known in any seg­ the case of adults long inactive, advice of characteristics: the risks of degenerative ment of human population. physicians should be sought. diseases increase with age exponentially; for By extrapolating Swedish life tables, as­ Often a person may say: "I don't have to man this amounts to approximately a twelve suming that they will follow the pattern now worry because I come from long-lived an­ per cent annual Increase in tendency to be evident in Cyprus, the Swedes will have a life cestors." That Is not strictly the situation diseased by a new aftlictlon. All humans seem expectancy for the generation now under because environmental factors, variable by to show the same tendency to have the level" thirty of approximately eighty-five in the choice, are usually ten to forty times greater of average impairment increase at the same male and ninety-five in the female. This than genetic inheritance of good or bad exponential rate. The large systematic d11fer­ means a tremendous extension of life relative health. ences between populations, which I uncov­ to what we have known it in the West. Many of the Improvements to life have ered through the theory of aging, are appar­ To illustrate the remarkable range of dif­ been the result of broad applications of pub­ ently the consequence of different burdens of ference in useful life now apparent between lic health policies, for example, sanitation. disease of environmental origin. countries, I present a comparison of life ex­ The discovery of the germ theory of disease The facts about health and disease fit well pectancy relative to the United States, cal­ as applied by Florence Nightingale, Louis into my theory of aging. Understandable culated for males at age 50. In the United Pasteur, and Queen Victoria a century ago causal events underline the degenerative dis­ States: men have a life expectancy at fifty led to Victorian hygiene: Wash your hands eases. My theory of aging is nothing more of approximately twenty years. Finland has a after tolletlng and before eating or handling than this, and in this light the theory is not life expectancy two years shorter than the food; don't spit or cough openly; sterillze new. All astute men have known, In some United States', so this would be an ex­ food; etc. All this led to a measurable decline instances for thousands of years, that dissi­ pectancy at fifty of eighteen. The compari­ in infectious diseases because the spread of pation of vigor leads to illness. We now un­ son is: germs was less. Tuberculosis, for example, de­ derstand most of the Immediate causes pre­ Years clined, reducing the prevalence of active ceding degenerative diseases. The theory has Finland ------2. 0 cases by half each generation beginning with had many practical applications with regard Mexico ------0.2 the application of Victorian hygiene; now It to preserving health and preventing diseases United States------0 Is a rare disease. Many diseases simply dis­ such as cancer, heart attacks, and strokes. Australia ------+ 1. 5 appeared without trace and without other One of the stumbling blocks, however, was Canada ------+3 remedy, because the lessened contagion could that, while Sweden fit quite well into the Portugal ------+4 not maintain sources of the infections. theory for statistics up to 1900, with ever Netherlands ------+5 I'm very much Interested In reducing ex­ lower levels of degenerative diseases, after Denmark ------+6 posure to all cancer-causing substances, not 1900 there was a peculiar absence of multi­ Norway ------+ 7 to an impractical zero, but to very low levels. plicative Increase in death risks with in­ Sweden ------+B I initiated much of this trend to reduce car­ creasing age. If we follow the Swedish popu­ Iceland ------+ 9 cinogens. This means advice against smoked lation by Individuals who were born In the Cyprus ------+13 products and smoking. Much of the adverse same year, then since 1900 Individuals ar­ effect of cigarette smoking Is brought about riving at the adult ages show no tendency Why does our country have such poor because Individuals inhale into their lungs, to have the degenerative disease risk increase health? I don't think that the United States and consequently take into their bodies fairly multiplicatively. Each newly born cohort of has been cheated of the benefits to our chll· large quantities of powerful cancer-inducing Swedes achieved a lower death risk and dren from having less ravages from child­ substances. I recently reviewed all the evi­ maintained that low death risk without hood diseases, even though childhood diseases dence that I could find, as I have been doing showing multiplicative increase in death are still not quite as reduced as in the Scan­ for the past twenty-five years, on the quan­ risk. dinavian countries. These diseases have been titative relationship between all the car­ Extrapolation of this trend led to the sup­ going down all the while, and they surely will cinogens and cancer. The relationships are so position that young Swedes are going to live go down more in the near future. Our prox­ strong and the conclusions so evident that an extraordinarily long time. They reached imity to Mexico is possibly one reason for I believe all cancers we see In animals and as low a risk as one chance of dying per residual epidemics of measles, mumps, and humans have been caused by them, without thousand including accidents and suicides, chicken pox, etc. need t.o propose exceptions. The risk of get­ with no tendency !or the death risk to In· But I think we have poor health as adults ting cancer is proportional to the exposure crease. The statistical Inference projected largely because we have taken on many elec­ to carcinogens. Even if we accumulate small that these individuals would live approxi­ tives In our way of life that are not good for risks, those small risks act over a long period mately one thousand years, so that I was in us. For example, those who smoke a package of time. If that small risk acts on a very large a relatively awkward circumstance of having of cigarettes a day have decreased their life population base, the yield of cancers may be my theory of aging predict an unbelievable expectancy by eight to nine years. This was evident even though any one person has no inference that the Swedes might live to be one of my first discoveries In applying my appreciable risk. If the exposure is more, the as old as Methuselah of Biblical times. theory of aging. Those who smoke have more risk is higher, and the ultimate appearance Intuitively, I had to reject this kind of con­ degenerative disease because they age from of cancer In the population Is proportionate­ clusion, and it cast some doubt on my the­ a high level of disturbed bodily functions­ ly higher. Such risks in any one person may ory of aging. I stated that I believed the artificially induced by smoking. Also, the seem very small, but if you happen to be the death risk would again increase after some years of life they can expect to live are less one who gets the cancer, the situation is lapse of time, but that I could not tell how useful to them than In the case of non­ nonetheless catastrophic. Cancer-causing long the lapse might be. Each year as more smokers. The person who smokes a pack a day substances can be eliminated, and, by reduc­ new Information has come from the Swedish lives his life with half the vigor he would Ing exposures to them, we may be able to Ollice of Vital Statistics, I have been plotting have had, and the life is reduced by eight eradicate a disease which we cannot cure. out the trend. During the first twelve years years. The loss In life span Is, therefore, from This principle applies to most degenerative following my discovery of the non-aging of youthful, useful life; old age simply comes disorders; each has causative factors, equated the Swedes, the adult death risks continued sooner. The smoker not only has more chronic to poor hygiene, and the risk of that degen­ to show no Increase with aging. But In 1965 diseases, he has more cancer, more heart at­ erative disease can be reduced, often greatly, there was again a multiplicative upward tacks, more strokes, because he has exposed by sensible electives in ways of living. trend, but from the low mortality risk already himself to severe physiological disturbances. My study of cardiovascular disease showed gained. Now all the adults in Sweden over age Another prevalent problem In the United that there are reductions of blood supply State is with overweight. Every pound over­ thirty are showing again a multiplicative in­ brought on by aging and more so in those weight costs us a month of life expectancy who are physically inactive. We were able to crease in death risk. A third of those now and about one per cent loss in vigor. Twelve understand how excess animal fat and car­ in their early thirties will live to be at least pounds of overweight is a year less useful life, bohydrate in diet, overweight, lack of exer­ a hundred years old. The adults under thirty and ten per cent loss In vigor. There is now cise, smoking, high blood pressure, and cer­ apparently are still gaining more life ex­ a measurable trend, especially in our young tain metabolic diseases bring about the pectancy through a still improving hygiene people, to eat foods less inclined to produce changes in the walls of arteries that restrict than they are losing because of natural aging. overweight. In a few generations this prob- the ftow of blood and trigger the blocking

- - --, 34992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 of blood flow 1n the coronary artery in heart old age-sixties, seventies, and eighties-­ mood through mental effort so as to achieve attacks. These same conditions can a.fl'ect stlll 1n relatively youthful or vigorous condi­ better control over mood through the au­ any of the other arteries, too; when these tion. Hair may be white but bodies can be tonomic nervous system. Such controls over disorders a.fl'ect the arteries of the brain, strong and unsagged, stlll capable of physi­ sleep, relaxation, and anger are as important the end change is a stroke. All of the infor­ cal work, satisfaction, and clear mental ac­ as the learning of control of the bladder and mation about cause of cardiovascular dis­ tivities. bowel through the autonomic nervous sys­ ease is not In by any means, but in our work There is stlll a myth that mental activity tem. We could learn much more. J1; is alto­ at Donner Laboratory over the past twenty invariably decreases rapidly throughout gether too easy to become conditioned so years, we have identified some important adult life, as a consequence of aging. Text­ that alcohol or other drugs are the only causative relationships. The most widely books in psychology and education are full means to evoke compliance from this part of known of these is that animal fats in gen­ of graphs showing progressive loss of mental the nervous system. Witness the common eral lead to elevation of the blood choles­ skills after age twenty. I hold that this Is sequences of stimulants and relaxants: coffee, terol, replacing animal fats with the un­ not caused by aging but by inactivity. The tobacco, alcohol, aspirin, tranquilizers, diet saturated vegetable oils elficlently reduces spread of scores for such tests increases and and pep pills, etc. These aids can be a bless­ the level of blood cholesterol. It appears the deduction Is that the adult population Ing, but they are better reserved as infre­ that the recent popular response to these Is a mixture of at least two types of per­ qu ent supplements to naturally learned con­ findings so as to lessen the Intake c:A animal sons: the more prevalent type has a narrow trol over mood. fats and to Increase the amount of un­ perception of events and lives essentially 1n Twelve years ago I became aware of the saturated vegetable fats is decreasing the more and more isolation; he progressively beginning of a tide of irrational behavior in level of cardiovascular disease. forgets what he learned 1n the earlier period society, seemingly caused by misunderstand­ Some of this improvement is likely alSo of life when he was being educated. The ing of the very information which could in­ to be the result of the similar trend to re­ other smaller segment of the population st ead comfort and assure those misled to duce the Intake of carbohydrates resulting stays Informed, alert, learning more and emotional responses. I have studied this so­ in less obesity and 1n lowering of blood more all the while, and, indeed, becoming cial phenomenon as controversy. At the hub pressure. Both exercise and dietary correc­ mentally keener as life goes on. The lesson of each controversy there is an inversion tions are linked to lessening cardiovascular is quite obvious: Stay alert and keep active, between f acts and conclusions. As the con­ disease. Exercise not only stimulates the Interested, and useful. troversies have grown recently, they have cardiovascular system, it balances energy My pattern in study of health and aging taken the form of social unrest, approximat­ cycles within the body and Is a benefit to has been to rely on quant itative data de­ ing the mental illness of mass hysteria. This organ and endocrine function 1n addition rived almost exclusively from the physical tide of irrationality is st ill increasing; it to the obvious conditioning of the muscles sciences technique. These methods are ac­ could surpass all other contributions to ill and connective tissues. Decrease 1n cardio­ curate, but not always applicable to the im­ health, since false conclusions generate emo­ vascular disease Is a pronounced trend 1n portant behavioral aspects of health. These tional response and spread far more rap!dly young adults but not for the population at matters can be entirely abst ract; certainly than accurate Information. large 1n older adults. This probably means they are more dilficult to define, less meas­ Drug abuse is a part of the tide of irra­ that most older persons are not taking ad­ urable, and are more often Involved in quar­ tionality. A year ago, I predicted that there vantage of the new hygiene information. In relSome controversy. But they are surely im­ would be an epidemic of heroin addiction. At selected subgroups of older adults who do portant. After thirty years of study o! health, that time this was only evident from my follow these principles, improvement in I conclude the heaviest burdens of diseases measurement of the trend; it was not evi­ health and decrease 1n disease risk has been are not cancer and cardiovascular disease, dent to the public. Now we have only to pick evident. Physical fitness lessens the chance tragic as they may be. There are the much up any newspaper to realize that the leading of impairment of the cardiovascular system more prevalent disorders In society that af­ cause of death among young people in every 1n many ways. It also improves the sense of fect behavior and often blight lives for a city in the United States is heroin overdose. physical well-being, and it is the only way longer span of time. Anxiety, sadness, lone­ Drug addiction has become the disease of the to augment sexual capacity by physiologic liness, and irrationality are perhaps the worst young. The morally strong are much less means. plagues of society. In the way I refer here susceptible, but those following the paths of As we gain Insight Int o the ways of life to these problems, they are not related to drug use lose the wlll to resist and become that may make life longer, without excep­ economic circumstances, and any improve­ progressively involved with increased expo­ tion they are also the conditions that make ment In the out.ook will depend upon a com­ sure to drugs. This newest crisis of irra ­ health better because the working parts of mon sense, which is to say, adherence to tionality needs our attention urgently. the body stay in better condition. All the de­ moral and spiritual principles. In the overall matters of health and life generative diseases occur because of under­ There are gains and risks from use of alco­ expectancy, I am an optimist. I see the great standable causative events, and most of hol. In moderate drinking, alcohol has mild benefits that have been brought to our chil­ those events can be decreased markedly by transitory effects: slowing of the nervous sys­ making sensible choices of a way of life. dren, largely because the chlldhood diseases tem and inducing relaxation. The psysio­ have been reduced. Even more can be accom­ This is why I have urged so strongly that If log!cal effects at this level bring pleasurable plished, such as reducins the remainder of this information is understood, appreciated rellef from tension to most persons. Such and used by people their lives can be ex­ infectious diseases, which. although not uses alSo account for tens of thousands of often fatal, undoubtedly have long-term tended, useful life gained, and a better basis deaths per year on our highways. This Is be­ Of greater happiness and vigor established. harmful consequences to health. The present cause alcohol uses up the safety reserve o! crop of yoLmgsters gained the best health When I began to study the process of fast response time needed in tight situations. the world has ever known. We can still ex­ aging 1n populations, I thought that the The other major problem with alcohol is that pect to gain 1n this direction, perhaps as common pattern of multiplicative Increase some o! those who use It for relaxation grad­ much again for the next few generations as 1n sickness and fatal disease with Increase 1n uate to heavy drinking. About fifty thou­ during the past century of spectacular im­ adult age reflects, on the average, many little sand deaths occur each year because of llv­ steps to health !allures. Some such gradual er damage from alcoholism in the United provement 1n health. changes do occur; as, for example, the grad­ States. I conclude by returning our attention to ual recession of close focus of the eyes and Dividing the quantity of alcohol sold 1n the vigor derived from sound decisions 1n the gradual graying of hair. But I have found this country by the number of persons over choice of life style. Personal health and so­ much important evidence showing that an eighteen gives an estimated consumption cial health are Interrelated aspects of these individual's health Is constant for long equivalent to six gallons of whiskey per per­ choices. The statement: "We spend our time stretches of adult life, and the failures of son per year. Since most persons consume 1n worthwhile ways" has multiple implica­ function are likely to come in successive llttle or no alcohol, the drinking minority tions, but the fundamental inference 1s that steps following metabolic upsets, each upset Is quite busy and the frank alcohollcs are a great and healthful life are the same and accentuating other failures of function, and common burden. My effort to understand the from the same source-The Good Life. all essentially triggered by episodes of reasons for drinking lead me to believe that JULY 18, 1970. physiological burdens exhausting the func­ most persons take alcohol to unwind from tional reserves. One of the obvious benefits mental tension at the end of the work day. of exercise is that It bUilds functional re­ The brain activity Increases progressively serves well above the sedentary state. tlurlng the work day, and after work, a per­ DRUG ABUSE CONTROL ACT When we are burdened from anxiety, ex­ son doesn't want to stay mentally tense. haustion, infection, or trauma, the cardio­ But it isn't easy to relax if a person hasn't vascular system and various body parts can learned how; alcohol provides a key tor re­ HON. ROBERT PRICE be forced Into sustained work sulficlent to laxation. It induces relaxation directly and OF TEXAS exhaust reserves and even to induce new Indirectly. The indirect mechanisms are par­ functional failures. Thus in the latter part ticularly important because they induce such IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of adult life there 1B often a succession of responses 1n the inner workings or the brain Thursday, September 24, 1970 dllficultles following an upset. Most Individ­ through the autonomic nervous system whose ualS who are in good health apparently show compliance 1s needed to bring about changes Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, very little aging change on a month-to­ 1n mood, 1n thiS case, the change from ac­ earlier this week I commented briefly on month or year-to-year basts. More and more tion to quiet relaxation. We could, do not, some of the more significant aspects re­ Individuals are able to reach what was called and should give training In the control of garding the human and social cost of October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34993 drug abuse. This afternoon I would like provide a vehicle for effective law en­ workable piece of legislation. Moreover, it to turn my attention to what the Federal forcement and to provide needed regu­ is one of the most important pieces of Government is doing to combat the prob­ latory controls over the illicit use and legislation to come before the 91st Con­ lem and then discuss briefly two of the misuse of drugs. I consider this the Ulti­ gress. I say one of the most important more controversial sections of the Drug mate objective of the bill. The drug because the problem of drug abuse strikes Abuse Prevention and Control Act of problem that is with us now, and will at the very core of our society and our 1970. probably be with us in the future, is a way of life. It must be rooted out and By all indications, the Federal Govern­ very dangerous one. I believe Congress eradicated, and quickly. The well-being ment has taken a far more active role in has a responsibility to the American peo­ of a whole generation of Americans combating drug abuse during the Nixon ple to act with dispatch on this issue and hangs in the balance. administration than it has in recent provide law enforcement officials with years. The Justice Department has in­ what they need to combat this problem. stituted special strike forces which have It is in this context that I woUld like to cracked down on drug peddlers and bro­ comment on two of the more controver­ THANKS TO OUR COMPETENT ken nationwide narcotics rings. As a re­ sial features of the bill; the so-called no­ POLICE sult, organized crime is starting to feel knock provision, and the question of who the crush of effectively organized and ef­ shoUld make the final determination to HON. HAROLD D. DONOHUE fectively focused Federal law enforce­ bring a drug under control. OF MASSACHUSETTS ment activity. The Treasury Department In my view no-knock is not a sinister has increased the numbers and upgraded means of providing policemen with the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the practices of Bureau of Customs offi­ legal right to act like gestapo agents. Monday, October 5, 1970 cials charged with policin!ogue which forums such as this provide vironment and to future life. solves and the possibility that some of to agency members in other areas of our There is a replacement to phosphate its forms can cause cancer. The officials regulatory concern and responsibility. The that both Proctor & Gamble and Lever absence of such dialogue tends to create a pointed out that when it is proposed to rigidity 1n the process which compounds an Bros. appear to be moving toward. It dump 2 billion pounds of a chemical into already difficult problem. If the inhibitory is abbreviated as NTA-which stands for the Nation's waterways, every safeguard restraints which operate in this area could be nitrilotriacetric acid. and test should be made. suspended for a short while, we might be able Already there is some 50 to 100 million is to ventUate the musty hearing record and A lack of research funds in this area illuminate the dark and awesome methods pounds of NTA being produced and so shortsighted as to be beyond belief. which we have attempted to employ during poured into our waterways. If NTA 1s We may be literally poisoning ourselves the past decades as our regulatory tools in accepted as a substitute for phosphates, and future generations to save a few dol­ the search for a just and reasonable well­ some 2 billion pounds will be produced lars today. head price for natural gas. Until that time, 34996 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 however, agency members shall continue to serious national consequences. This brought find, but we find somewhat more persuasive be obliged to be cautious and circumspect, me to the question of how this objective the producers' argument that producers will invoking bland generalities which inform no could be achieved. I then concluded that the meet demand only if there are enough res­ one and do nothing to improve the process Commission needed a more effective report­ ervoirs that promise sufficient return at the by questioning Its relevancy but nevertheless Ing system than that which currently ex­ rate set. The Commission should make find­ assure us of the privilege of continuing to isted-a reporting system that was timely, ings as to the increased difficulty of finding participate in the process of producer regu­ continuous, relevant, comprehensive, and one greater volumes of gas. From this finding, lation. oriented to the future rather than to the it should estimate the supply that a given Having said that, however, I think that past. For It seemed to me then that the Com­ rate will elicit. [Emphasis added] 1f there ever was a time, now is the propi­ mission could never again be afforded the "These are difficult matters to predict, tious moment for candor even by agency luxury of gathering multltudmous volumes but that Is more reason why a reviewing members. Institutions, just as individuals, of historic cost data during unduly time con­ court should not be required to guess at need occasional periods of introspection to suming area rate proceedings. them. More importantly, If the Commission determine whether their performance Is rel­ This provided the basis for the proposal sets a rate on a cost basis and does not it­ evant to their goals. Governmental policy advanced at that time, for the Commission to self consider these q uestlons carefully, Its provides no exception. And since the policy consider adopting, as a substitute for cost­ conclusionary statements to the effect that of regulating the field price of natural gas based area price regulation, a review of in­ the rate is adequate or that there wm prob­ is not sacred, and therefore provides no fur­ dividual producer contracts against a test of ably be no need for changes in the future ther exception, It should be critically ex­ suspension based upon a Commission pre­ (these are statements that the Commission amined against the standard of relevancy scribed index similar to that employed by the has made here) amount only to so mllch to its objectives. An examination of the Interstate Commerce Commission In rail and whistling in the dark." [Emphasis added] policy of producer price fixing should be mctor carrier rate regulation. The proposal To admit the possibility of failure under candid, open, and subject to the character­ called for a reexamination of whether a con­ the "practical test" of Permian or to concede istics of any other public dialogue con­ tinued wooden translation of costs, includ­ to the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit cerning any other public policy. It should Ing a return allowance, into ceUing prices that the Commission's effort may have in­ indeed be capable of critical public exami­ was a dependable solution to the problem of deed amounted to only so much "whistling nation by the very agency members who are producer regulation. For the real test of a in the dark," is not a reflection upon the charged with the responslblllty for its ex­ regulatory approach in this unique area is participants in that decision. It merely ac­ ecution without incurring charges of pre­ not whether it conforms to an economic or knowledges that market forces beyond the judgment of pending proceedings. This kind legal theory, but whether it achieves the in­ control of regulation intruded themselves of examination of existing legislative policy, tended results. Does It work? Does It yield into the symmetry of the pricing structure It seems to me, is entirely appropriate even celllng prices that are high enough, but no contemplated by that decision-forces which within the legal constraints imposed upon higher than necessary, to bring forth devel­ brought it swiftly crumbling down in a cres­ agency members by specific rate proceedings opment of adequate supplies of natural gas? cendo o! sound which only those that are pending under such existing legislative My colleagues who participated in the Per ­ deaf to reality have not already heard. For policy. Too large a piece of the national In­ mian decision contemplated that such a criti­ immediately following the Permian opinion, terest Is at stake in this question to permit cal examination of the efficacy of the process the construction of a competitive Intrastate the inhibitory restraints of pending proceed­ would subsequently be made by the agency pipeline into this area of west Texas, free of ings under existing policy to prevent a can­ members, for In Permian the Commission the regulatory inhibitions and constraints did examination of the question of the need stated: of the then re(:ently established just and for a legislative policy alternative by an "The separate price we fix he1·etn for new reasonable rate of 16.5 cents, had an eco­ agency member. gas well gas in the Permian Basin should nomic impact which was no less significant During the course of the past two years serve to furnish a practical test o! whether than that which occurred with the introduc­ I have attempted to employ the forums in fact it will result in bringing forth add!· tion of the initial pipeline into that area. available to me as an agency member to gen­ tional supplies." (34 F.P.C. 188) Then, gas which had been flared as late as erate Interest In and establish a public If we are candid, as we should be, we must the 1940's suddenly assumed an economic dialogue regarding the problems inherent acknowledge that the Commission appar­ value with the introduction of the initial in the existing method of producer price ently has failed the "practical test" which it pipeline. The introduction of a nonjurlsdic­ regulation. I have been sorely disappointed established !or itself In Permian. Individual tional pipeline purchaser serving the Insati­ in the total absence of a response. Two company rate making which provided the able needs of the Texas Gulf Coast had pre­ years ago at the Annual Gas Industry Semi­ Commission's initial attempt at producer cisely the same effect upon the value of the nar sponsored by Oklahoma State Univer­ regulation in the decade of the fifties was commodity since its "price" could simply no sity at Stlllwater, I proposed that the Fed­ held to be unworkable by the Commission longer be determined by the costing method­ eral Power Commission Immediately con­ in turning to the alternative of area price ology and regulatory theories of the Permian sider extricating Itself from the cumber­ fixing. Area price fixing has now, after an­ decision. And, as a result, although drilling some and unwieldy existing area rate meth­ other decade, been demonstrated to be ques­ activity increased in Permian, less and less odology and consider adopting, as an alter­ tionable. The necessity for squaring pro­ gas was committed to the interstate market native basis for well-head price regulation, ducer prices in the light of the inexorable until now when the Interstate pipelines re­ indices reflecting both market and cost fac­ forces of the market should now be con­ port that they have been wholly unable to tors which would provide both a more re­ sidered. Indeed, the U.S. Court of Appeals contract at the existing area prices for any sponsive and flexible system of producer price for the Fifth Circuit in recently affirming the significant quantities of gas in this are!l. regulation. Southern Louisiana Area Rate Proceeding Only recently, an interstate pipeline serving This proposal was based upon a growing recognized this fact. The court stated that it Permian was obliged instead to contract and recognition of the essentiality in fixing just would not have had such serious misgivings the Commission was obliged to accept several and reasonable rates to be apprised more about affirming the Commission's opinion such contracts for the same gas from Perm­ fully and more immediately of the economic with all of the infirmities of the pricing ian from the intrastate pipeline suppliers a~ dimensions of the problem--specifically of method if the Commission had adequately a price which exceeded the existing regulaten the supply and demand dynamics of the considered the result ot its price fixing In area price by 12 cents per Mcf. The principa 1 marketplace. For It was clear to me then that the context of the reality of market forces. beneficiaries of continued well head prloo functionally effective prices depend, In the The court warned that by continuing cost regulation \n the Permian Basin under thes ~ · final analysis, upon economic factors rather based price fixing without considering the circumstances are the shareholders of the­ than accounting costs, no matter how sophis­ market the Commission's efforts w11J amount intrastate pipelines. Certainly no one can ticated the costing methodology. "only to so much whistling In the dark". The reasonably contend that the general public It seemed to me at that time that the court stated: and consumers are benefiting from the regu­ Commission was obliged to evolve a more re­ "From the Commission's findings we can­ latory fruits of such irrationality. sponsive method to determine the field price not know whether the demand !or Southern What has happened In the Permian Basin of gas than that employed during the past Louisiana's gas is going to double, sex­ by the Intrusion of dominant market forces decade. There then appeared to be an urgent tuple, or Increase tenfold over the next dec­ before which regulation Is impotent and over need for a method which gave greater weight ade, or whether it is going to remain stable which it can exercise no control merely lllus­ to the Inexorable Jaws of supply and demand or even decline .... Predictions along this trates what has been gradually occurring than to costs as employed in the traditional line are subject to obvious Infirmities, but nationally. Precisely the same forces which cost of service utllity approach to regula­ at least the possibilities can be Identified now have transcended the costing methodol­ tion. and probabilities assigned to them. ogies and econometric models of Permian are But it also seemed clear at that time that "Such predictions are necessary because also now toppling these same underpinnings broadening the rationale for our producer the supply of natural gas must be considered of area rate fixing nationally. It has not price decisions to rely upon market factors in light of demand. Some areas are more taken the same form of a new intrastate would be a response to only part of the prob­ promising than others. The Commission ap­ pipeline in all areas but has assumed a mul­ lem. It was also apparent that such an alter­ pears to assume, without so stating, that a titude of forms. Its consequences, however, native must not only respond effectively to rate that gives adequate return wm elicit are precisely identical. The intrusion of changes In supply and demand, but that It enough drilling to satisfy future demand transcendent market forces Into the sym­ had to respond swiftly enough to avoid even though some reservoirs are harder to metry of cost based area raws is in the proc- October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34997 ess of overwhelming the structure of gas held that price regulation must substitute Is a reappraisal by Congress of the relevancy pricing nationally. for the lack of competition in field sales of of continued producer price fixing as It pres­ Early this year in a paper delivered before natural gas. But neither that decision nor ently exists and '8. remedial restructuring of the Midwest Gas Association, I attempted price regulation nullified the long-term producer regulation it a satisfactory solution to lnitlate a public dialogue regarding the forces of the market. The impact of the is to be achieved. need !or examining policy alternatives to market may have been delayed by regulation It Is most important that we do not Ignore continued producer price regulation. The but It Is the market that iS controlling in the admonishment of the Court of Appeals p:.tblic response to that address was disap­ the end. in reviewing the Commission's South. Louisi­ pointing since the ol1ly response has been Hence, unless an alternative policy is de­ ana Area Rate Opinion. Justice Thornberry personal criticisms which were wholly un­ veloped we are on the verge of entering into clearly indicated that blind adherence to the related to the merits of the arguments. I the worst of both worlds. We are confronted existing area rate methodology without giv­ attempted to demonstrate that in the event on the one hand by a demand apparently ing consideration to market forces Is unreal­ the existing available supply and demand stimulated by regulation which at the same Istic. I am in full agreement with the Court's Imbalances should require, in the public In­ time has apparently inhibited expansion of reasoning but the question that still must be terest, the Importation o! substantial quan­ the base supply. And we are confronted on answered is how these market forces should tities of gas in both vapor and liquid form the other hand by a market that is bringing be considered. Indeed the Commission has at significantly higher prices than those forth alternatives Into the supply vacuum recently taken constructive action in this presently permitted under area pricing, we at prices much higher than present regulated regard with respect to its proposed Permian will then be obliged to acknowledge that the levels. Basin and nationwide rulemaklng proceed­ forces of the market will have e1fectlvely Since price regulation Is now Ineffectual in ings. I have joined without reservation in swept away the dike of producer regulation this context, the challenge Is to harness the these efforts to repair the present regulatory which was Instituted to Immunize inter­ market so that it will work for the consumer. scheme so that at least a responsive pricing state gas from those very market forces. To meet the callenge will now requlre a method can be achieved. For regardless of Since the time of that address last Febru­ reversal of government policy--of the role any legislative amendments to the Natural ary, the Commission has in !act authorized originally ordained for regulation. When Gas Act that might be proposed, we agency the Importation of significantly higher federal price control was Imposed, the base members are, of course, obliged to continue priced Canadian gas Into the Midwest and supply was surplus to short-term demand. to work within the present statutory frame­ West Coast markets. It has also cert!ticated Even at unregulated prices, gas had been work and should, therefore, take every step Imports of even higher priced gas in liquid a devastating competitor, rapidly taking over necessary to make it as effective as possible. torm to the East Coast and New England. markets long dominated by other space-heat­ However, In my judgment the problem of Several major LNG Import proposals are now Ing and Industrial fuels. Regulation substi­ producer price uncertainty and the problem alSo pending before the Commission and tuted for the lack of competition among of the protracted delays inherent in area rate several vast projects to obtain gas from sellers of gas at the wellhead. But that Is now regulation can be most effectively remedied Prudhoe Bay and the Northwest Territory of academic when those sellers do not have by legislation. One approach to remedial leg­ Canada have gone far beyond the concep­ an avallable supply with which to compete islation has been characterized as "sanctity tual stages. All of these projects, both pend­ for incremental business. And the overriding of contract" which assures the producers that Ing and projected, involve substantially fact today is that the available base supply, once a contract is approved and the sale cer­ higher prices than those which presently are being inadequate to meet current potential tificated by the Commission there can be no permitted to domestic producers of gas. demand, can no longer perform its competi­ rollback in any contract price, whether It be In view of these developments, regulatory tive function. an initial or permissible escalation price. In policy cannot now continue to operate as it It appears that gas is not presently avail­ this regard It appears quite unlikely that cost has In the past with or without more ra­ able in su.fllclent quantities, for instance, to based regulation would ever justify a reduc­ tional alternatives to cost based pricing. Reg­ moderate the market price of new supply tion in an approved price level. Thus con­ ulation cannot now escape the fact that It Is sources that are moving in to satisfy unmet sumers could not be harmed by an assurance In the process of being deluged by the very demand. In this situation, therefore, the role not to do what appears would never be done market forces tor which It was Intended as facing government policy In thiS decade is In any event. The benefits of such assurance a substitute. not so much to nurture the competitive vigor in eliminating uncertainty to the producing Can regulation now e1fectlvely respond by of base suppliers, which was the goal of reg­ Industry would, however, be substantial. acknowledging the existence of the higher ulation in the 1950's and 1960's, as it Is to Protracted area rate proceedings extending priced alternative sources and basing the reinvigorate the base supply Itself. Without over a period of five to seven years have domestic producers' price upon those sources a dynamic base supply of natural gas, the created an unprecedented regulatory lag with an appropriate discount for the cost ot interstate market will not be able to compete which has prolonged and therefore added to transportation? Can regulation now e1fec­ for supplies with the unregulated intrastate the existing uncertainties regarding price. tlvely respond by instituting a basing point market. Nor will there be any effective price These long delays and uncertainties also tie torm of regulation predicated upon the mar­ competition !or the unconventional higher­ up funds collected by the producers which ket price of the highest or the average price priced supplies that are knocking at the could be used for exploration and develop­ ot the alternate increment of gas? Can regu­ market door. But a base supply, reinvigorated, ment. All of these uncertainties have In­ lation now e1fect1vely respond by employing can be the key to the price levelS at which hibited the search for essential additional Indices to reflect the Impact of these intru­ these new sources enter and can place the supplies. sions of the market? Is there any rational consumers less at the mercy of the supple­ Any remedial legislation must, therefore, Wi!.Y in which the field price of gas may be mentary sources where they are today and eliminate such regulatory lag and provide the e1fectlvely regulated when, for reasons of where they will continue to remain under a degree of certainty regarding price which is continulty of service, the market price not policy of price regulation. essential to the development of critical new only iS acknowledged but Is affirmatively supplies. Both of these elements have been sanctioned by the Commission In the form In the future, government policy must con­ discussed for several years and have been in­ of Imports of substantially higher priced in­ sciously seek out ways to strengthen the corporated in various forms of "sanctity of crements of gas. elements of a free market and reinvigorate contract" legislative proposals. I am Informed The process of well head price regulation the base supply by attempting to ensure that that last week the American Gas Association, Is no longer viable because a competing there are many competing sources of gas after several years of debate, has now en­ market-oriented gas supply is now being In­ supply, that the supply base Is broadened, dorsed a type of "sanctity of contract" pro­ troduced into the fabric of the regulated in­ that entry into the supply phase of the posal which also incorporates certain market terstate ~;as market. Any response which industry Is both unrestricted and affirma­ criteria, rather than cost, as the Commission regulation attempts to make within thiS tively encouraged and that price levels are standard for determining producer prices. As context can no longer honestly be regarded permitted to be responsive to demand. A gov­ a result, at the present time the entire gas as "price" regulation. Now that we are pres­ ernment policy Implemented along these Industry, through their respective associa­ ently required to acknowledge that the in­ lines would provide an effective alternative tions, support this amendment to the Natural exorable laws of supply and demand require to producer price regulation in the long run, Gas Act. our sanction of market prices for Imports whlle holding forth the promise of relief for This proposal for reform of the current In the public Interest, we can no longer hon­ the present apparent supply-demand Imbal­ regulatory method is most constructive. Un­ estly characterize the process as price "reg­ ance at the lowest possible cost to the public. fortunately, it should have been introduced ulation". Although other public purposes may This will require a slgn!ticant research when it was proposed more than four years be served by the continued regulation of commitment to drilling technology and coal ago. The majority of the Commission publlc­ producer contracts, we must now face up to gasification by both the private and govern­ ly endorsed one such "sanctity of contract" the realty that the existing area rate meth­ mental sector, the encouragement and In­ proposal more than three years ago and Its odology is no longer e1fective in determin­ volvement of the distribution sector and the enactment at that time by Congress would Ing the price or gas. pipeline Industry In exploration and develop­ have contributed substantially toward avert­ What then is the alternative for national ment, the establishment or adequate tax in­ Ing many of the problems now confronting policy in the decade ahead as it seeks to centives, and a reappraisal of leasing prac­ us. In principle I endorse "sanctity of con­ provide continuing protection for the pub­ tices in the Federal Domain. But it seems to tract" and the need to permit market forces lic and gas consumers? The Supreme Court me that what is now required fundamentally to determine the price. However, in my opin-

-- - - 34998 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 ion, the market forces should function out­ as other provisions, which so significantly achieve peace, clean up pollution, edu­ side the regulatory process so that producer affect the ultimate consumer. cate twice as many students, reform the prices can be arrived at unfettered by reg­ 4. Indefinite price escalations, except for corporations, and extend the fror.tiers of ulation. certain taxes, will be prohibited and the con­ Whether Imposed by statutory amendment tract prices, including any escalations, must knowledge. Certainly the job carries awe­ or by Commission election to alter the exist­ be set forth as a deflnite price per unit since some burdens. And certainly it is impor­ ing area rate methodology, any approach re­ the consumer must be able to determine tant to stay attuned to what college pres­ quiring the determination of producer prices what price will be charged. If the producer idents, themselves, are feeling today. by the Commission on the basis of some believes that certain aspects of his contract The following, then, are the thought­ subjective market standard or criteria would have a value, it will be incumbent upon him ful and eloquent reflections of a man fall far short of a satisfactory solution. Such to reflect that value in the un.lt price speci­ deeply committed to American higher standards are extremely difticult to define fied in the contract. education. I know you join me in wishing and thus are usually couched in general 5. No un.lt. price can be changed by subse­ him the best of success: terms and, as a result, the Commission would quent amendment to the contract after ac­ be compelled in all likelihood to define, ceptance of the certificate of public conven­ ADDRESS TO THE FACULTY BY PRESIDENT qualify and quantify the Innumerable fac­ ience and necessity issued by the Commis­ JOHN H. BUNZEL tors that could affect the market and might sion. We begin this academic year at a most un­ have to be considered in each instance. To 6. Any proposed abandonment of service happy time in California higher education. submit market forces to the subjective Inter­ will cont inue to be regulated by the Com­ There Is no reason to pretend otherwise. Our pretation of a regulatory body, regardless mission. list of grievances is long and real. The faculty of its expertise or good intentions, can only The enactment of a bill permitting the has been denied a cost of living salary in­ lead to a distortion of their effect with Im­ market to establish the price for new gas but crease, which is only a small part of the precise and unresponsive results. In the final which contains these elements of continuing harassment it Is suJ!ering. We have seen cuts analysis, at best, the prices approved by the regulation will assure continuity of service in sabbaticals and other leaves, the with­ Commission should approximate those that and permit the retention of control over drawal of funding for the enrichment of our would have been derived in a free market the conditions and quality of service as well graduate programs, a continuing disregard without the need for regulatory anguish as the mechan.lsm which translates costs for the need to obtain a reduction in an and the Inherent delays. In addition, a into rates to the ultimate consumer. It excessive teaching load, a dlmlnlshlng Inter­ strong tendency would probably exist to ap­ would also allow the Commission to effec­ est in the future of scholarly research, to prove the proposed contract prices without tively monitor market structure and mar­ mention but a few. The general tone on our modification because of the dUficulty in ket behavior. campuses Is tense, worried, dispirited, frus­ justifying any change. The basic objective The recently released Annual Report of trated. Stated simply, our colleges and uni­ of this approach Is the establishment by the Council of Economic Advisors to the versities have been dealt a severe blow by the Commission of a market value as the President urged a greater reliance by regula­ the state legislature, and all of us are going permissible price level. However, it is my tory agencies upon market mechanisms. The to pay a terrible price for this kind of puni­ opinion that this can be more readily and report states: tive economy. Many of our representatives in more accurately achieved by the free inter­ "[M]ore reliance on economic incentives Sacramento have not yet learned the mean­ play of supply and demand dynamics un­ ing of H. G. Wells' warning that "human encumbered by any futile regulatory at­ and market mechanisms in regulated indus­ tries would be a step forward .. .. Industries history becomes more and more a race be­ tempt to decipher the complicated considera­ tween education and catastrophe." tions and the subtle interrelationships in­ have been more progressive when the agen­ cies have endeavored to confine regulation to I make one pledge to you now. I shall take volved In a free market. Inject market forces advantage of every opportunity afforded me into the administrative crucible and no one a necessary minimum and have otherwise fostered competition. When regulation has to remind the Chancellor's office, the Board will recognize the results. of Trustees, the Governor, the members of It appears to me that sound public policy stifled competition, performance has deterio­ rated. The clearest lesson of all, however, Is the Legislature, and the people of this State toward the natural gas industry today de­ that our goal is a free community of scholars, mands something more than remedial legis­ that regulation should be narrowed or halted when it has outlived its original purpose." teachers and students, that we do not look lation which requires the Commission to ap­ upon academic freedom as a minor conceit, proximate the dynamics of a free market. The policy of producer price regulation has now outlived Its original purpose. The market and that we will resist unwarranted political What Is necessary in the context of the cur­ interference from outside the campus as rent available supply dlsequlllbrlum is has finally prevailed. We are obliged now, therefore, to establish policies which are strongly as we will oppose those who woulct something more satisfactory than a reform use power, pressure and muscle from within. of the current regulatory method. Today relevant to the protection of the public in­ terest. The public interest today can be most If I stand before you not overwhelmed Congress ought to consider a basic re­ with optimism-underwhelmed is perhaps structuring of regulation which wm reflect effectively protected by permitting market forces to operate in such a way as to work the better word-! nonetheless believe there the market value of gas by eliminat­ Is reason to be hopeful. The basis for this ing the Commission's rate determina­ for the consuming public as they do in most other areas of our economic life. This, in the belief stems from what I have already seen tion and review powers with respect to new in the four short weeks I have been here: a sales by independent producers while re­ final analysis, can be best achieved if the market Is permitted to operate unfetered by deep sense of loyalty and attachment to this taining regulatory control of contract terms institution, a tradition of academic excel­ in order to effectively monitor market struc­ regulation and if government wm foster com­ petition in the energy field by instituting lence, and a remarkable richness of talent ture and market behavior. Until the Con­ and human resources. gress acts, of course, I shall continue to ap­ policies which will affirmatively enlarge the ply the present Na tural Gas Act, as inter­ supply base by broadening the base supply This tradition spans more than a century, preted by the Courts, to t he cases which and Increasing the supply sources. This, in yet has always been marked by change. Re­ come before the Commission. my opinion, is the new goal of government sponsive to needs of the state and commu­ Permitting the market to determine the policy toward the natural gas industry. nity, the college has evolved from a normal price of new gas does not require the dis­ In an effort to achieve this goal, I intend school to a multi-pur}: ose institution with a to immedia.tely submit to Congress for con­ wide range of professional programs in the mantlement of all aspects or producer con­ liberal arts while retain.lng its teacher edu­ trol. The major elements of an appropriate sideration a proposal to amend the Natural Gas Act. cation and vocational area strengths. This regulatory scheme under this proposal would evolutionary process continues as we move include: into new areas of curricular concern. 1. Only the contract prices for the sale of I am pleased to be associated with the in­ new gas by independent producers wlll no DR. JOHN H. BUNZEL stitution of higher education which has es­ longer be determined or reviewed by the t ablished the first graduate department In Commission. the nation which confers a Master of Arts 2. Flowing gas will continue to be regulated HON. DON EDWARDS degree in Mexican American Studies. I ex­ by the Commission and, consequently, any OF CALIFORNIA pect that the department will contribute Im­ rate impact on existing customers would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portant leadership In the continuing search very gradual since it will take many years Monday, October 5, 1970 to find better methods to link our educa­ for new gas to become a sign.lficant portion tional efforts to community educational of their gas supply. Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. needs. The Committee on Mexican American 3. All ot her contractual provisions and as­ Speaker, I wish to share with you the text Affairs has helped in planning for a Master's pects of the sale, regardless of their effect program In Social Work with a Chicano em­ upon the contract prices, will continue to of an address given by Dr. John H. Bun­ phasis. I know that the Department of mack be subject to Commission approval and re­ zel, recently appointed president of San Studies is well on Its way to becoming one view. It is essential that the Commission con­ Jose State College. College presidents to­ Of the most highly respected degree pro­ tinue to pass upon such aspects as the qual­ day are being called upon to fulfill an in­ grams In the country. ity standards, delivery pressure, rate of take, creasingly complex role. They are, in the We should recognize that these efforts are billing and prepayment arrangement s as well words of one administrator, expected to but a beginning. But they deserve our sup- Octobe1· 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34999 port not only to help assure their academic right in jealously guarding their prerogatives. being used as an instrument of repression, success but because the time is late in pro­ Further, a collaborative and cooperative role exists solely in order to insure our survival. viding tor the educational needs and oppor­ for faculty and adm!nistrators is the only We need also to say, to ourselves and to the tunities of minorities in our country. If we sensible alternative to an increasingly frag­ public: in the fate of one institution lies that are successful in our response to the revolu­ mented institution subject to enlarging ex­ of each of us. tion of rising expectations, then perhaps we ternal and internal pressures. My concern is 3. I come now to the question which tran­ will be able to thwart those who thrive on that faculties do not seek to take on execu­ scends all others in importance. In its most the expectation of rising revolutions. tive, legislative, and judicial roles to the succinct form it comes to this: "Higher edu­ It would be a hazardous undertaking to detriment of the sound exercise of legitimate cation in this country is in serious trouble. predict what lies ahead this year on our col­ executive leadership. There are mounti ng signs of student unrest lege campuses. It would also be foolish. I am None of us can afford to be entrapped by spilling over into mindless behavior. The therefore heeding the advice of a certain cliche-ridden biases against aut hority It self. public is increasingly impatient and angry. Episcopal Bishop in Virginia who was asked The clamor of extremists for Instant solu­ The poli tical atmosphere is highly combusti­ by a parishioner Whether a non-Episcopalian tions to impossible demands must not be ble. What, then, i s the future of the Uni- could enter the Kingdom of Heaven. allowed to exhaust and destroy the responsi­ "Frankly," he said, "the Idea had never oc­ ble leadership of a college community by ve~~i~~?~'pproprl ate , I think, to begin an an­ curred to me; but if he is a gentleman, he creating rampant mistrust and Internecine swer by putting before you in broad outHne will not make the attempt." denunciation. It is my own conviction that two different views about what a university Having just arrived, I am aware t hat there a division of labor is appropriate to the con­ should be. are many people in this audience who are duct of academic affairs as long as principles (a) The first is of a pollticized university better informed than I am about the com­ of accountability can be exercised to guaran­ whose role is to perform as an institution plex problems which lie at the level of tee the responsiveness o'f the administration of social activism to bring about change in Schools and Departments. There will be to basic faculty priorities and values. national policies. Its primary concern Is with other occasions to talk about them. We will 2. I was asked many times about my atti­ political action and social reform. It is meet on other grounds, and I look forward tude towards the police. Within the last committed to using its total resources as a to it. month I received a telephone call from a. university for what It deems to be worthy Today I would like to share with you what member of this faculty urging me to an­ political goals-to stop the war, to oppose is more a statement of personal credo. I nounce that under no circumstances would racism and injustice, and so on. Repelled by thought I might begin by bringing to your I call the police onto this campus. "Tell the surrounding culture, it rejects its funda­ attention three of the many questions which, them," he said, " you will not dance to the mental character and seeks to transform it, in being interviewed by different committees Governor's tune of repression." I reject that or, 1f need be, destroy it. Its stance is po­ during the weeks I was under considera­ advice, but I would not want this to be taken litical because it believes that the time has tion for this position, regularly vented the as an argument that we encourage govern­ come for the university to become a. base most urgent concerns. It also gives me a mental authority to intrude Into the affairs for decisive action for those of high moral chance to collect some of my thoughts on of the college. purpose who reject our corrupt society. matters in which we have a common inter­ One of the difficult questions facing our Internally, the " new university" wants t o est. universities today is how they can defend become an egalitarian political institution. 1. One frequent question was stated with themselves against the tactics of violence. All distinctions of rank and status would be an unusual economy of words: "What are Officials who must deal with this problem removed. Teachers and students would be your ideas about academi c authority and face a real dilemma: It they take the attitude "mutual learners." There are differences over responsibility?" On more than one occa­ of benevolent sufferance, they know the vio­ details. For some, degrees and grades would sion there was an additional request: lent elements on campus will run rampant; disappear. For others, questions of course "Please be specific about the role of the if they call in the police, they know they run content, the granting of faculty tenure and faculty .>' tile risk of radicalizing the student body and promotion, and other academic matters I am not one who believes that freedom swelling the ranks of the student militants. would be decided in open assemblies of stu­ is automatically increased as a consequence There are some indifferent faculty and stu­ dents and faculty on a one-man, one-vot e of eroding or shattered authority. What dents who are willing to let the militants basis. emerges Is not more freedom, but power. have their way, either because they want to (b) There is another view of what a uni­ What kinds of power, who will use It, and get on with t heir work or because they feel versity should be. Its primary focus is its for what purposes are serious and disturb­ the issues at stake are not of concern to major concern-the life of the mind. Among ing questions. During the long spasm at them. I am not in sympathy with that posi­ the special values it represents none is more San Francisco State two years ago the stu­ tion. It occurs to me that to refuse to take paramount t han the right to free intellectual dent militants kept shouting, "Power to the whatever action is necessary would mislead inquiry in the pursult of truth and knowl­ People!" I remember how depressed I got the militants Into believing that violence edge. It is not to be mistaken as an insti­ when I thought of the people who really succeeds. tution solely concerned with social activism, have the power. I do not like to see the police on a college and It will resist those who want it to I am very much the product and propo­ campus. It is not their natural habitat. But become exclusively an Instrument of polit­ nent of a faculty academic tradition and I must tell you that I have no ideological ical action or revolution. Its tasks are more therefore sensitive to faculty attitudes and reservations about calling them if they are varied because it is many things. It is a values. I have been a persistent advocate needed to make secure our belief that ideas place for people who want to teach and of institutional protection against the in­ are our most potent weapons. learn, where people can do research and trusion of outside forces. But I also believe speculate about the past and look into the that the decreasing esteem for higher edu­ There have been (and presumably will con­ tinue to be) instances of police excesses. This future, where Ideas are sometimes explored cation in Cal1fornia and elsewhere is trace­ and exchanged for their own sake, and where able in part to adverse public judgment should not obscure the fact, however, that current fashions of social reform can be criti­ about administrators and faculty-in short, the police are not the criminal elements in cized. about how we have governed, or mis-gov­ our midst who have tried to just1fy the use It is not a political democracy. Its essen­ erned, ourselves. It seems an inescapable of the campus as a sanctuary for vandals and tial role is to discover and transmit knowl­ conclusion that faculties have not always terrorists. Police presence on a campus is edge and develop powers of criticism and shown themselves capable of formulating almost invariably "reactive," occasioned by judgment, not to represent the people or to and enforcing the standards of professional acts of force against individuals or property, govern. The relationship between students ethics and performance. I am beset by a threats of coercion or intimidation, or actual and faculty is not completely or inherently grave apprehension that if we default in our outbreaks of physical violence. equal. The faculty has the major responsi­ own responsibilities, rising outside pres­ It is time to reaffirm some basic truths bility to maintain control over academic sures, including Boards of Trustees, will take about pollee power in a democracy. It is not matters. over that job-and presumably will do it designed to enforce a particular solution to a These are sketches, admittedly incomplete, in less enlightened fashion than faculties problem, but rather to help preserve the basic of two different models of a university. would prefer. rules of law without which any solution is Neither of them comes in pure form. The dif­ There has been much confusion about the Impossible. If the pollee are called, it will ferences between them, however, are pro­ role and limits of academic administration. not be to settle intellectual, educational or found and serious. The question before us, Too often administrators are dealt with in other issues, but to preserve the college so and, in my judgment, the critical question an irresponsible way by opportunistic critics that the processes by which decisions are before every faculty in the country, is easily who oppose them in the interest of "majority arrived at in an academic community can be stated: Which university do we choose for rule" or "equality." Many decisions, certainly made to work. ourselves? most o'f those having to do with scholarship, Once and for all, let it be established that I must speak for ·myself. I worry about teaching and research, do not lend them­ violence, terrorism, and illegal activities on politicizing the life of a university. If it is selves to the plebiscitary process. In times of the campus will not be condoned a.nd will said that the university is already a political crisis there is a paramount need tor rapid be met with appropriate measures of self­ instrument of the establishment, it must be and expert administrative judgment. defense. If force is temporarily necessary to replied that the way to diminish this harmful After years of struggle to achieve some protect our needs for order and freedom, we situation is to refuse to contribute to it by degree of autonomy and power, faculties are must assert that this use of force, far from more actions of the same sort.

-·- - 35000 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 No college or university can be completely pursuit of knowledge as objective as pos­ pardonable crime will be to make no choice non-political. There Is a political dimension sible so that we come to see relevance not at all. Should that happen, someone else to all human Institutions and to most human slroply In personal terms but as part of the will make It for us. oroblems. But It does not follow that all larger world in which we live. It Is In ~his Here, at the end, but also at a beginning, basic problems are essentially political, and sense that relevance should show us our you will understand perhaps why the open­ we must reject out of hand any notion that common humanity. ing lines of Cbarles Dickens' A Tale of Two the Issues within the university must be (d~ the university cannot permit ques­ Cities have come back to me: "It was the best settled by power. It Is simply not the case tions of scholarship or aesthetic taste to be of times, It was the worst of times, It was that power Is the root of all our problems and resolved by popular vote. I have beard It S"'ld the age of wisdom, It was the age of foolish­ must be the solution to them. If the uni­ that 1f students In English voted to rem:>ve ness . . . it was the season of Light, It was versity should become the plum for those Shakespeare from the curriculum because he the season of Darkness, It was the spring of who are struggling for power, it will be dead 1s no longer relevant, the faculty should go hope, It was the winter of despair." in a very short time. along. There are a lot of things wrong with The trouble with the defense of the uni­ A democratic society requires all of its in­ that sentiment. Putting Shakespeare to a versity 1s the same as with defending free· stitutions, Including the university, to be re­ vote Indicates confusion not only about dom: It takes up so many of one's morn­ sponsive to the needs of the people. But the democracy but the ballot box. Asking ings. pressures of democracy which are welcome students to vote on something they have not I thank you for permitting me to spend in the political arena must be distinguished thought very long or hard about 1s to put this one with you. from those which operate in the university. Ignorance on a par with knowledge and the In civil society people ]oin pressure groups, Inexperience of youthful judgment against support political parties, and vote to Indicate the experience of professional and cultivated their demands and preferences. These are taste. Furthermore, the principle, once FOSTAL AUTHORITIES OPERATE not the methods of the university. Further, legitimized, will not stop with Shakespeare. UNDER DOUBLE STANDARDS a university cannot simply "reply" to peo­ In Mississippi the plebiscite will damn Walt ple's demands as a city Mayor might in a Whitman and Carl Sandburg; In Orange hastily called press conference. It has Its County It wlll damn J ohn Stuart Mill and Bertrand Russell. HON. JOHN R. RARICK own special manner of response. The uni­ OF LOUISIANA versity Is not merely another pressure point The smug conventionalism about this in the political community. position 1s the most obvious thing about it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES What may not be quite so obvious, when It The university must always welcome pres­ is advocated by a university scholar, some Monday, October 5, 1970 sures. It needs to know them and must dem­ one (in this Instance) who presumably Is onstrate a willingness to have them regis­ Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, double a professional student of literature, 1s its standards among bureaucrats are be­ tered. But It cannot permit Its response to special character: it Is a way of betraying those pressures to violate the integrity of Its knowledge for Ideology, the universal for the coming the rule rather than the excep­ principal function. In the university com­ particular, the relatively timeless for the tion. munity Important decisions are regularly merely fashionable. In short, assertions The Post Office authorities have now made through established consultative pro­ about the "irrelevance" of Shakespeare, junked 56,000 ZIP code promotion post­ cedures and by responsible authorities, not Beethoven or whomsoever might well be ers after receiving complaints that the by a show of hands. We need to remind the seen as a sectarian blow against part of the public and ourselves that while the univer­ comic strip character "Amy," whose pic­ Idea of the university itself. ture was on the poster dragging her doll sity Is part of the civil order, It is not co­ I believe In the university which feels it terminous with 1t. has an obligation, not just a right, to protect baby by the hair appeared to be mis­ It Is easy to anticipate at least one argu­ the fragile understandings upon which It treating a black doll. ment that will be made in dissent from this rests and depends. In the eloquent words Yet, the same Department authorities view. It has many variations. but Its central of Professor Robert Rosenzweig: completely ignoring complaints last theme Is this "In your university the 'real "The university as the place of openness, month, authorized UNICEF committees needs' of students will not be met. They of reason, of persuasion, of the sharpened to use post office lobbies for the sale of want a curriculum which will see to It that mind, and the free Imagination. I believe the greeting cards over the period of Novem­ 'a human being can become more human and continued strength of the university to be more himself'. In your university education more Important to the future of man than ber 16-December 4. No acknowledgement will not be relevant." ROTC, low-income housing, student power, was even made that many of the so­ I would wish that "relevant" could be faculty power, trustees responsibility, or any called greeting cards have in the past struck from the English language. The particular Issue or set of issues that con­ been designed by Communist artists and prospect, however, Is not good. The alterna­ fronts us now." atheists. tive, then, Is to set our thinking straight on I believe in the university which also rec­ A blatant double standard: concern what education Is all about. I submit the ognizes how closely our freedoms resemble over so-called racism, but calloused dis­ following Items: our obligations. The Idea of academic free­ regard for atheistic communism. Per­ (a) the classroom should not be a place dom Is a delicate and complex notion. Be­ where we simply discuss the student's inner cause of university violence It Is now en­ haps Chairman Earl Warren of the UNO life or what he may feel are his Immediate dangered. Because It is in danger many Association has brought his tremendous needs. This 1s not to suggest that emotional other things are endangered than just the legal talents to justify another double responses to experience are unimportant. It university. standard. Is simply to say that group therapy or en­ Academic freedom is not simply a college I include the related clippings and the counter sessions are not a substitute for right. It 1s also a social right from which latest Pitney-Bowes postal meter hon­ rigorous and rational thought. Education every one benefits. No one 1s entitled to be oring U.S. draft dodgers in the RECORD: must be something more than a "happen­ cavalier about it. Academic freedom Is the [From the Postal Bulletin, Sept. 24, 1970] ing." right to free intellectual inquiry in the (b) the criteria of relevance Is often a pursuit of truth, and all of us have a respon­ ALL PosT OFFICES; SALE OF UNICEF thinly dlsgulshed contemptuous attack c;n sibility to preserve It, not just because it 1s GREETING CARDS virtually any study of the past. Yet the good for us, but because It is the process of Local representatives of the U.S. Commit­ truth Is that none of us has any existence or inquiry itself that 1s essential to the main­ tee for UNICEF may request permission from reality without a past. One function of the tenance of democracy. It Is the method by postmasters to set up a desk and chair in university 1s to help discover what Is new. which a society looks critically at Its own the post office lobby for the sale of greeting But another 1s to preserve and reclaim the values. No free society can alford to do cards, to begin on November 16, 1970 for a 3- old for each new generation. These dual without it. week period ending December 4, 1970. Post­ tasks create continuous tension between the Colleges are one place where the free pur­ masters are encouraged to assign an area demands of continuity and the demands ct suit of truth Is a primary obligaton. None 6' x 8', provided such space may be made change. of us has a right to abandon it. We who be­ available without interference to regular (c) the university cannot be Immediately lieve in academic freedom will defend it postal operations. relevant like the tnorning newspaper. That against attacks by the extremists of the far Arrangements have been made with Gen­ would be Its ruination. Let the news media left and the far right. We will be tolerant eral Services Administration to allow space take care of the headlines and the fast­ and long-sulfering In its defense, but we will In bulldings under their control to be as­ breaking story. A college education should not give it away. We do not have that right. signed at the discretion of the local building be relevant in providing the perspective It 1s a time of decision. I think we can­ tnanager who will coordinate his decision necessary to sort out what Is trivial or mo­ and must--dloose. I have described the uni­ with the postmaster. mentarlly useful. It should provide the versity to which I am deeply committed and Space can be authorized provided (1) that grounding by which grievances and needs for which I have the most tender regard. there will be no active solicitation of postal can be scrutinized and understood. Our con­ In the final analysl.:: what will count 1s the customers by the UNICEP representatives; cern as educators should be to tnake the choice we are prepared to make. The un- (2) that the sale of the cards will be limited October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35001 to the space assigned; and (3) that the U.S. "The guy said, 'The doll's a l!ttle darker of Their Country: War Resisters in Prlson"­ Postal Service will not furnish any equip­ than on the original,' but we said, 'That's implies that young men jailed for refusing ment necessary for the sales effort--Special O.K.; go ahead.' " he explained. military service are somehow serving their Assistant to the Postmaster General for Pub­ It was only after the posters had been dis­ country. Also interesting is that the outfit lic Information, 9-24-70. tributed that copies arrived at Post Office using the slogan Is "Discovery,'' a children's headquarters here and Cline and Kramer show televised by the American Broadcasting [From the Washington Post, Sept. 30, 1970] heard the objections. Co. At about the same time, the Post Office ZIP CODE COMICS: CAMPAIGN POSTER GETS received requests for its annual help in ad­ THE TRUTH ABOUT UNICEF NO SMILES, JUST RILES POSTAL OFFICIALS vertising charity campaigns like the United (By Sanford J. Ungar) Givers Fund. "That got us off the hook," (By William E. Dunham) Amy and Agnes, who appeared briefly on Cline said. (ITEM.-From a form letter circulated by mall trucks around the country earlier this Later, other questions were raised about the t he Unit ed Nations Association of the U.S.A. month, have been recalled. Amy poster. It was discovered, for example, in June, 1969 : "We feel that you are deeply The Post Office Department acknowledged that the mailbox where she was mall!ng her aware of the needs of children all over the yesterday that it withdrew about 56,000 Zip letter was red and blue; the Post Office re­ world, and of the worth of U.N.I.C.E.F. It and Code promotion posters from circulation cently began converting its mailboxes to other fine UN organizations contribute to after complaints that their star, comic strip solid blue. the international understanding and hope character Amy, appeared to be mistreating Although some copies have been destroyed, for a better world.") a black doll. the Post Office now finds itself with a huge Correction : Providing for the welfare of The cost of the posters, including del!very surplus of Amy posters. Cline said they are children in need Is without question a most to post offices, was estimated at $10,044.30. being given away to local employees "who worthy project-but not when such efforts Amy's constant companion, a rag doll like posters." are used as a facade by the International named Agnes, is normally ochre-colored in His office has undertaken, however, to use Commtmist Conspiracy. And, as one would the Sunday comics of about 50 newspapers. Amy-with an appropriately shaded Agnes­ expect from any agency connected with the But when the Government Printing Of­ again in the future. United Nations, U.N.I.C.E.F . has had more fice prepared the specifications for print­ A spokesman for The Register and Tribune than its share of Communists on the payroll. ing a poster design contributed to the Post Syndicate which distributes Amy to sub­ The first chairman of the United Nations In­ Office by Amy's creator Jack Tippit, it mis­ scribing newspapers, said that "little Agnes ternational Children's Emergency Fund was takenly specified a mix of yellow, red and accompanies Amy everywhere, and there is Ludwig Rjachmann, a Communist from So­ black ink. never a question of her color." viet-controlled Poland. When he was sub­ As a result, Agnes's complexion came out The Zip Code campaign that Amy was re­ poenaed in 1957 by the Senate Judiciary dark brown. In the poster, she is being cruited to help seeks to convert the senders Committee to answer questions about his dragged on the ground while Amy malls a of about 25 percent of first class mail-about connections with Communist agent Alger letter complete with Zip Code. 13 billion letters annually-who forget to Hiss, Rjachman fled this country rather than James S. Cline, executive director of write the number on the envelopes. appear before the Committee. creative services for the Post Office Depart­ In 1952 the Senate Internal Security Sub­ ment, said yesterday that the truck poster POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT, committee published a 434-page document was dropped after complaints-apparently Washington, D .C., October 1, 1970. entitled Activities Of United States Citizens from a few-ranking postal officials-that "it Hon JOHN R . RARICK, Employed By The United Nations, in which could be interpreted as having racial over­ House of Representatives, it revealed that: "startling evidence has dis­ tones." Washington, D.C. closed infiltration into the UN of an over­ "I cannot see (that interpretation), and DEAR CONGRESSMAN RARICK : This Will have whelmingly large group of disloyal U.S. citi­ I wlll never see anything wrong with the reference to your recent inqu!ry concerning zens, many of whom are closely associated poster," Cl!ne said. the use of post office lobbies for UNICEF with the international Communist move­ But he added that the Post Office is greeting card sales. ment.... Their positions at the time we anxious to avoid any "derogatory" implica­ For a number of years the Post Office De­ subpoenaed them were ones of t rust and tions in its campaign to increase use of partment has cooperated with a variety of responsibility In the UN Secretariat and in the Zip Code. civic and charitable organizations on worthy its specialized agencies." One such subversive The Sept. 17 issue of the "Postal Bulletin," programs not involving the expenditure of was a woman named Ruth Crawford, a pub­ a weekly instruction sheet for postmasters, federal funds, and where there was no int er­ lications officers for U.N.I.C.E.F. She declared said the Amy poster "was delayed because ference with governmental activities. In fur­ under oath that she had been a member of of mechanical difficulties" and should not therance of this policy, the Department has the Communist Party and was still in sym­ be used "due to prior commitments" to post­ made lobby space available to a variety of pathy with it. There was also Joyce Camp­ ers promoting the Peace Corps and com­ worthy activities. In more recent years, lobby bell, who admitted that she had been em­ munity charity drives. permission has been extended to UNICEF for ployed by the American Committee for Yu­ In many communities, however, Amy and selling greeting cards. goslav Relief, an officially cited Communist Agnes had already been posted-including UNICEF has the support of the United Front organization, and that her position Tippit's hometown, Lubbock, Tex., and States Government, As you know, UNICEF with that Front was the reference that ob­ his current home, Westport, Conn. has consistently received support from the tained for her a job with U.N.I.C.E.F.! They also are stm in an exhibit of the United States Congress In the form of appro­ In 1909 Lenin emphatically stated that 30 comic-strip Zip Code posters at the priated funds. Therefore, after a re-examina­ " Maxlsm is materialism . .. it is ... relent­ Smithsonian Institution here. tion of this matter, it has been determined lessly hostile to religion." And in 1957 Nikita Tippit was one of 20 cartoonists who do­ that we will follow the same pol!cy again this Khrushchev said: "We consider that belief in nated their time and designs to the Post year that we have in the past with .respect to God contradicts our Communist outlook." In Office through an arrangement with the UNICEF'S requests for lobby space. Essen­ the face of Communism's consistently hos­ Newspaper Comics Council. tially, this policy has included a general ap­ tile attitude toward Christianity, U.N.I.C.E.F. Reached in Westport yesterday, he refused proval from Headquarters, with the final dis­ shows where its allegiance lies by constantly to discuss the suggestions of racial overtones position left to the Individual post offices choosing artists who have collaborated with in the poster, but said he would be meeting based on space available for such requests. Communist causes to design its Christmas here with postal officials next month to dis­ With kind regards. cards. cuss "some adjustment." Sincerely yours, Pablo Picasso, perhaps the best known of Both Cline and his assistant, Murray D. WALTER D. HARRIS, all the artists chosen by U.N.I.C.E.F., designed Kramer, admitted that the Post Office is Congressional Liaison Officer. a card for them in 1961. The following year "embarrassed" about the poster recall. he received the Lenin Peace Prize from a "We put (Tippit) in a precarious position [From Human Events, Sept. 5, 1970] spiritually sensitive soUl in Moscow named Nikita Khrushchev. Did you know that Pi­ because of a mistake we made," said Cline, PITNEY-BOWES' DOUBLE STANDARD a former vice president of the American casso has belonged to the French Communist Telephone and Telegraph Co. Last year Human Events wrote of a Louis!· Party since 1944? And that the December ana lawyer's year-and-a-half fight to get the 1966 issue of the Marxist magazine New He explained the mistake in Agnes's color Pitney-Howes postage meter company to In­ ~~z:!.u!~:.~;o praises him as a "life-long this way: sert the message "Fight Communism" on his The Amy poster was selected for early personal mailing meter (December 6). Even use on trucks in the Zip Code campaign be­ Consider also some of Picasso's stable when the courts finally ordered the company mates. Hans Ern!, artist of two U.N.I.C.E.F. cause it contains few words and is easy to to provide the slogan plate, it added the cards in 1957, was refused admission to the read. GPO sent it to a frequent subcon­ words, "Mailer's Adv.'' below the anti-Com­ United States In 1950 because of his Com­ tractor, Western Publishing Co. in St. Lou!s, munist message. Apparently Pitney-Howes munist activities. Ben Shahn, artist of a for a rush printing job. has no such qualms about providing anti­ 1958 U.N.I.C.E.F. card, has been connected Western telephoned Cline to ask 1! he Viet Nam message plates to customers, as the Vfl.th at least twenty-one Communist Front woUld forego the usual "color proofs" in or­ below metered envelope attests. (Not printed organizations. Antonio Frasconl, artist of an­ der to have Amy ready for September use. in RECORD.) That message-"In the Service other 1958 U.N.I.C.E.F. card, was a signer of

- - 35002 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 the Artists Front to Win the War, an officially ago we wrote to Msgr. Edward J. Goebel, Mil­ ON CALL FOR LAW cited Communist Front. Doris Lee, a 1959 waukee archdiocesan superintendent of and 1960 U.N.I.C.E.F. card artist, has been schools, asking him whether Milwaukee affiliated with four officially cited Communist schools st!ll do not participate In the UNICEF Fronts. She also signed a statement request­ Halloween program, and, 1! not, would he HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL ing U.S. aid for the Soviet Union and !or Red please state hiS reasons. M.sgr. Goebel's reply, OF OHIO China. dated September 8, 1962, follows. He writes: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Arnold Blanch, artist of 1962 and 1963 'Our opposition to the UNICEF organization U.N.I.C.E.F. cards, has been connected with was based on the protest o! our former Cath­ Monday, October 5, 1970 at least !our officially cited Communist Front olic Army chaplains who maintain that Mr. MINSHALL. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ organizations. He has also regularly con­ UNICEF proceeds were not contributed to tributed cartoons and illustrations to Com­ youth in need, but rather they were taken up debted to a most thoughtful constituent, munist publications. Karel Svol!nsky, artist by the Communists in the (Communist­ Mr. Allen B. Chaney, of Rocky River, of a 1963 U.N.I.C.E.F. card, ls a Czech Com­ controlled) countries.'" In short, U.N.I.C.E.F. Ohio, for sending to me a copy of a very munist. In 1966, Lojos Vlncze, a writer and supports the pol!cy of submit or starve! timely address given at the graduation artist from Communist Hungary, did art Even without considering the Communists' exercises of the 87th Ohio State Patrol work for some of the cards; while the biggest exploitation of U .N.I.C.E.F., we would want Academy, by Dr. Norman H. Dohn, pro­ and most expensive card in the 1966 line was to caution Americans against supporting It fessor of journalism at Ohio University. a painting by a French artist named Jean purely on grounds of Its incompetence. One Lurcat-descrlbed by the House Committee can do far more good with his money by Dr. Dohn's remarks contains truths on On-American Activities as "reportedly a supporting bonafide religious and charitable that need to be spoken, and, once spoken, member of the French Communist Party and causes. The U.N.I.C.E.F. publication Children shared with the greatest possible number an active member in numerous Communist Of The Developing Countries, for example, of Americans. It is an inspiring and im­ Front organizations." Small wonder that admits that In 1961 U.N.I.C.E.F. had 575 em­ portant message. Florence Fowler Lyons wrote in her column ployees and distributed about $25 million. The address follows: for September 11, 1966: "The Communist In typical contrast, the Catholic Rel!e! Serv­ ON CALL FOR LAw Party bookshop in Los Angeles -has just in­ ices for that same year distributed $125 mil­ formed me that 'soon' they will receive their lion In aid with a staff of only 130 employees. (Address by Dr. Norman H. Dohn) annual supply of UNICEF greeting cards." To see how financially Irresponsible I know you want to get thiS thing over The Communist permeation of U.N.I.C.E.F. U.N.I.C.E.F. can get, note the following from with, grab your certificate and get out of here. also expla:ns the many strange ways thiS National Review for June 14, 1966: "TWenty But you've got to listen to me for a few "charitable" organization spends Its money. m1llion cents w111 permit UNICEF to occupy minutes. I don't know why. I guess it's be­ The newsletter of the McGraw-Edison Com­ quarters on the sixth floor of the swank cause no graduation exercise would be com­ pany's Committee For Public Affairs of De­ United Nations Plaza, instead o! the unspeak­ plete unless someone told the graduates that cember 1961 pointed out: "The United Na­ able second floor. Yes, last week UNICEF was thiS is the beginning and not the end. And tions International Children's Emergency offered the second floor-identical in layout challenged them to great and noble purpose. Fund ... appropriated $59 m!ll!on between to the sixth, except for some additional Off hand, I can't think of another speech 1947 and 1958 to Communist countries. In a space--at a saving over five years of $150,000 occasion In which so much preparation goe.> ratio not unlike that of other UN ventures, to $200,000, plus a large contribution from a into saying so little in such a brief time ... the United States has furnished approxi­ New York company that wanted to rent the to so many who so quickly forget, half-hear, mately $42 million of the money. Also, as sixth floor. The executive director, touring and become bored. with any 'aid' program, the assistance does in Africa, telegraphed to the real estate Now that the preliminaries are out of the not go to the needy but ls administered agents that under no circumstances would way ... I'm going to say some things that through governments." And as any student he accept second-story space but insisted on may startle you . . . particularly coming of the Communist Conspiracy can tell you, the sixth; so, since ALCOA, the bu!lding from a college professor. My remarks may food and medicine are used as political owner, had a 'moral agreement' with the seem a bit unusual because I'm going to de­ weapons to keep enslaved peoples under sub­ UN, that was that." U.N.I.C.E.F. claims that part from the customary graduation speech. jection. Witness the systematic, intentional for one penny it can provide five glasses of I'm going to talk about something that Is starvation by the Reds of 10 million Ukraini­ milk. By such figures, Its fancy quarters are troubling me deeply ... and I feel sure is ans in the 1930's, and the Communist brutal depriving needy children of 100 million troubling you ... and that is ... what in the use of U.N.R.R.A. supplies In the late 1940's glasses of milk. world is happening to this country of ours? In Poland as described by Ambassador Arthur Consider also how adept U.N.I.C.E.F. is at Everywhere there seems to be a surrender Bliss Lane in I Saw Poland Betrayed. squandering money in its everyday opera­ of the ancient values that have sustained Do you remember the U.N. aggression in tions. G. Edward Griffin includes an excel­ and restrained the human race upon this Katanga in 1961, when hospitals were lent Ulustrat!on o{ this in hiS valuable book earth. The old virtues which we were brought bombed and civlllans were indiscriminately The Fearful Master, A Second Look At The up to respect and copy in our daily lives, are killed? Well, U.N.I.C.E.F. helped finance lt. United Nations (Western Islands, Belmont, now derided and called, at best, old-fashioned We quote from Stanton Evans' column in the Massachusetts, 1964, $1.00) where he writes: and out-of-date. Indianapolis News for January 26, 1962: "UNICEF received one dollar for two teach­ "When the UN was out of money for its er's manuals advertised in one o! Its pro­ And here is what disturbs me the most cf Congo aggression, It borrowed $10 million, motional pamphlets; it sent not only the all. Instead o! being outraged by what has earmarked for UNICEF, from the U.S. gov­ manuals, but a large box containing hun­ been going on, our leaders seems to be spend­ ernment. ThiS was UNICEF money-handed dreds of expensively printed brochures glori­ ing most of their time making up excuses over with UNICEF'S express consent .... fying the purposes and accomplishments of !or behavior which we were brought up to In short . . . UNICEF moneys were used to UNICEF. This unrequested and unwanted consider obscene, Illegal, perverse, Irrespon­ subsidize the Katanga aggression." material was shipped first class airmail at a sible, and even treasonous. In March 1960, only a few months after total postage cost o! $10.40. According to We hear a lot about freedom these days. the bloody takeover of Cuba by Fidel Castro, UN statistics this could have purchased But we hear very little about responsib111ty. U.N.I.C.E.F. voted to send thiS Communist 5,200 glasses o! milk.'' We hear a lot about the right to express one's regime $170,000 for "health services," and What must be especially galling to the self ... but very l!ttle about the right of the for "environmental sanitation." In 1964 untold thousands of Americans whose loved other people to avoid being offended by such U.N.I.C.E.F. sent Castro another $125,000 to ones have been k1lled or wounded in the expression. spend, among other things, on a fleet of war in Vietnam is the recently announced We pussyfoot among a lot o! high-sounding trucks and jeeps, plus the spare parts to plans of U.N.I.C.E.F. to funnel money to the names. We call drunkards, "alcoholics." We keep them in condition. This was In addi­ government of Communist North VIetnam. call homosexuals "deviates." We call draft­ tion to U.N.I.C.E.F.'s emergency appropria­ As Human Events for June 28, 1969, reported: dodgers and slackers "pacifists.'' We call dope tion to Communist Cuba that same year o! "The United Nation's International Chil­ addicts "experimenters in personality exten­ $205,000. The D.A.R. magazine for April 1969 dren's Fund-UNICEF-wlll shortly begin sion." We call c:-!m!nals "victims of society." contains an article about U.N.I.C.E.F. which negotiations to Inaugurate an aid program Some of this may be all -right. Some or it notes: "the general public looked with jaun­ !or children In North Vietnam, marking the may reflect a more compassionate attitude diced eye on UNICEF gifts of $51 million world body's first official contact with the in our society. But I think the time has come worth of food and drugs to Cuba, where 'un­ Hanoi Commnunist regime. Discussions will when we should and must draw a line sepa­ derground sources In that unhappy island' be carried out by a UNICEF Vice president, rating compassion from soft-headedness, per­ reported 'that the drugs are already aboard Dr. Boguslav Kozusznik of [Communist] missiveness and tlm1d1ty. a Russian ship on their way to the Soviet Poland.'' Near the end of his great book on the de­ Union.'" Because of Its simply monstrous record, cline and !all of the Roman Empire, Edward In 1962 an . important national Catholic U.N.I.C.E.F. hides behind a mask of alleged Gibbon lists the reasons tor the dissolution weekly, The Wanderer, prepared a ftyer about charity, for fear that the American publlc of the great pol!t!cr.l force which had held U.N.I.C.E.F. In it was the following: "As will come to realize that It ls just one more the civ11lzed world together for more than for catholic spokesmen who in recent years "front" which the International Communist 500 years. The principal reasons included: have taken a stand against participating in Conspiracy ls using In Its drive to enslave Excessive spending by the central govern­ UNICEF 'trick or treating,' only a few weeks the world. ment. October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35003 Unwillingness of the young men to bear bas all but rendered our police helpless. But when most Law Enforcement Agencies are arms in defense of their country. let us examine the situation. Do we have being abused and ma.l!gned !or carrying Overindulgence in luxury. a serious problem with Innocent persons be· out their constituted duties and respon­ Widespread sexual immorality and easy di· !ng wrongly convicted? Do we really believe sibilities. vorce, which destroyed the integrity of ram­ that our pollee are seizing every opportunity Even the most violent of the dissidents on By life. to brutalize suspects? Is this really the the college campuses where the Patrol has The spread of effem!nancy-g!rls looking problem? been summoned respect you ... even though and acting like men and men looking and Of course It isn't. they may hate you because you represent acting like girls. The real problem Is the abuse of thousands law and order. And disregard for religion. of Innocent, helpless people by hardened You will be cursed, spat upon and harassed That was Rome 1400 years ago. See any criminals. For every case or pollee brutality, in all sorts of manner. But you must keep similarity with that picture and what is there a.re ten thousand cases of criminal your "Cool." You must be ever mindful of going on in the United States today? I do. brutality to Innocent victims. Why, then, the proud tradition that has been developed I have no patience with those who pooh­ cannot the supreme court address Itself to for the Patrol by the hundreds of .fine officers pooh the idea that our moral fabric is falllng this problem, rather than destroying the who have served before you. apart, and who clalm that conditions are no effectiveness of the pollee who are trying to Be ever mindful that as freedom must be worse today than they were 50 years ago. protect us? accompanied by responsibillty •.. so must When most of us were young, women didn't The violence, the license, the lack of re­ authority be in tandem with fairness and live in constant !ear of assault, robbery and sponsibility which Infest our land have understanding. rape. Parents could send their children down caused great divisions among our people. Some weeks ago I heard a British Clergy­ to the corner store without dying a thou­ The extremists of both sides have been man preach on the topic: "Be odd for God." sand deaths until they returned. A man guilty ••. equally guilty ••. of opening in The message, simply put, was that 1t takes could walk his dog around his neighborhood our culture gaping wounds without stop­ courage and guts tQ. serve God today when it at night without fear of being mugged, or ping to consider what medicines are avail­ is much more popular to be a disbeliever and beaten up, or murdered just for kicks. able to heal such wounds • . . or even revel !n all that is !=oral and base. The decay of standards, of morals and of whether such medicines actually exist. Similarly, It takes fortitude for those of values is worse today than it ever has What can we do about It? you who have stood up to be counted ••. to been • • . and we're not helping the situa­ There is no quick solution. We are a na­ stand for something ... by electing to serve tion 1! we try to hide our heads In the sand tion In trouble. It took a long time for our In the State IDghway Patrol. Yours certa.lnly until it passes away. It's not going to pass society to grow sick. It's going to take a long is not a popular profession, particularly when away, unless we make it pass away. time for It to get well. 1t seems to be more fashionable and accept­ Whose fault is it? In a way, It's everyone's we can start by taking our heads out of able to break the law than abide by it. fault. Too many of us have been talking the ground and recognizing the growing So, just as the British clergymen im­ about freedom without really knowing what crisis around us for what It Is. We can start plored his parishioners to be odd !or God, I freedom Is all about. relearning the art of self-discipline ••• and ca.ll upon you to be on call for law ••• and Educators, politicians, clergymen, business­ insisting that all elements within society be pecul!a.r for peace and order. men, and almost everyone else . . • have been learn It, too. And let us au rededicate ourselves to the demanding more and more freedom for more we must relearn and teach others that rebirth of courage, of ideals and principles, and more people. But they have !ailed to em­ "there is no such thing as a free lunch." Our and the will to defend this nation both at phasize the responsibilities of freedom. democra.ctlc society Is based on a system of home and abroad from all her enemies They have failed to make it clear that free­ earned rewards and earned punishments. whomsoever. dom is meaningless 1! it Interferes with some­ There is no place In our society for rewards body else's freedom. Freedom Is something and punishments that are not earned. you earn and deserve and build and create for We must learn to call things by their right names. Violence is violence • • • no matter yourself. PRISONERS OF WAR For too many of our citizens, freedom what the cause In which it is perpetrated. means freedom from unpleasantness, free­ Violence is a serious breach of the law and dom from work, freedom from discipline, must be treated as such. We must stop coddling the breakers of our HON. 0. C. FISHER freedom from sacr!ftce, freedom from duty, OF TEXAS freedom from responsibility, freedom from laws ... making up excuses for them ••• concern for one's neighbor. looking complacently the other way because IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES That isn't freedom at all. it Is safer to Ignore them. Monday, October 5, 1970 Too many of our citizens demand the right we were a good society once ••• and to determine what is moral and what is not. though human nature didn't become perfect Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, many of They end up determining that nothing is lm• because of the knowledge o! certain punish­ us have spoken out repeatedly about the moral .•. that everything goes. ments ... human wickedness was at least plight of American prisoners of war, be­ They feel no obligations toward others who kept within reasonable bounds. ing held by the Hanoi Communists. We maintain traditional moral standards. Then we tried the soft approach, in the hope it would make conditions better. This have made every overture that has been We are appalled when we see rioting in our available. We have approved resolutions. streets and on our college campuses • • • has failed. Conditions have become worse especially when we are told the riots are in­ ... not better •.. with each passing day. We have spent hours during debate stigated in the name of freedom. We must grow tougll.er in our approach. periods in the House of Representatives What happens to the freedom of the In­ Treason Is still treason and should be expressing our solicitude and urging the nocent bystander who is killed or maimed in t reated as such. Anyone who gives aid and President to seek more contacts with the the riot? What happens to the freedom of the comfort to an enemy of the United States is enemy through diplomatic channels. widow and the orphans of the pollee officer ftlrting with the very essence of treason. The These efforts have brought no tangible who was kllled in the performance of his same goes for sedition. And for all those who results. duty? What happens to the freedom or the preach sedition ... who teach lt to their man whose car happened to make an attrac­ students ..• or who seek to arouse sedition I was disappointed when our Pa1is ne­ tive target for a Molotov cocktall? Or the In others by burning their draft cards or gotiators dismissed as propaganda a sug­ owner of the store whose windows are defaming and disgracing the ftag. gestion by enemy spokesmen there that smashed and whose goods are looted off his If America, which was founded on a wise the POW's might be discussed, condi­ shelves? Where are their rights? Who is and carefully ordained balance of freedom tioned on certain term which our nego­ standing up for them? and restraint, is to survive, we must return tiators considered actually ruled out R1ot is the absolute opposite of freedom. at once to the philosophy of that old "Rough good faith and sincerety on Hanoi's part. It is chaos. And chaos and freedom cannot Rider;• Teddy Roosevelt, who declared nearly But, Mr. Speaker, the problem is so vital exist side by side. Freedom Implies order. It three-quarters of a century ago: Implies law ... a common law to protect "No man Is above the law and no man ls that nothing should be ruled out. Per­ people, to sustain all rights, all Ideals. Free­ below it. Nor do we ask any man's permis­ haps there has been some negotiation on dom is not selective. It is universal. sion when we require him to obey it ." the subject which has not been publi­ When men take the law into their own We know what we are opposed to. But do cized. In any event, if the door is opened hands ... when men, acting as individuals, we know what we stand for? It is not enough for even a half inch, the subject should decide for themselves which laws they wlll to simply oppose evil. It is necessary to stand be pursued. obey and which they will disobey, then we up and be counted . .. to become personally In addition, I would hope the Presi­ don't have freedom. We have a direct and ag­ involved. Either we stand for scnnethi ng, or dent will insist upon the disposition of gravated assault on all freedoms. we fall for anythi ng. prisoners of war being included in the In every society of free men there must be · I congrat ulate you who are about to launch law-givers and law-abiders. And there must a career with the State Highway Patrol. You withdrawal plans of American troops be penalties for those who will not abide. are a member of a proud, elite Law Enforce­ from Vietnam. The President has re­ The supreme court has preoccupied Itself, ment Agency which commands publ!c re­ peatedly expressed deep concern and it seems, with the rights of the accused. It spect. This is a real distinct ion at a time has, I am sure, pursued every possible CXVI--2204-Part 26 35004 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 diplomatic source in behalf of these Government Deputies, said last weekend that eral Communications Commission will prisoners. But there should be a rela­ political opposition "Is a good thing in a present a brief review of the latest devel­ Democratic country." But he added that Mr. tionship between the rate of withdrawal Due had gone too far. . opments in this area and will be avail­ with the release of those men who are He said the Due proposals "were beneficial able to answer questions concerning ap­ languishing in POW camps. to the Communists" and urged the House plication of the equal opportunities and The enemy should be made to know, to adopt a "clear attitude" toward Mr. Due. fairness doctrines to specific situations. in no uncertain terms, that unless those After Mr. Due's explanations today, the Among the FCC staff members present prisoners are properly treated and re­ Government continued to show Its unhap­ will be Max D. Paglin, executive director piness by confiscating all copies of tomor­ and cochairman of the Communications leased the repercussions will be awe­ row's Issue of Tin Sang, a newspaper pub­ some. lished by Mr. Due, who also Is chairman of Law Committee, Henry Geller, special as­ Mr. Speaker, on last Thursday eve­ the Vietnamese Newspaper Publishers Asso­ sistant to Chairman Dean Burch and ning in San Antonio I attended a func­ ciation. The pollee came to the otnce tonight former general counsel, and William B. tion attended by some 1,600 people, in­ to prevent distribution. Ray, chief of the complaints and com-· cluding a numbers of wives of prisoners More than 70 Issues of the newspaper have pliance division. Staff members of the of war. The occasion was to hear a been confiscated in the last nine months. Senate and House Communications Sub­ Editors of some of the other newspapers committee will be on hand to answer in­ speech by Mr. H. Ross Perot, who have here-there are 32 in the VIetnamese lan­ given so much and worked so hard in guage ·In Saigon-said they had been told to quiries concerning S. 3637-equal time efforts to bring about the release of those drop reports of the news conference or face for broadcasting-which was passed by men. It was a great speech and it had confiscation. the Senate and House. Erwin G. Kras­ solid support from that audience. At his news conference, held In a crowded now, cochairman of the Communications Let us hope and pray new approaches, room of the House Of Deputies, Mr. Due said Law Committee and former president of fresh methods, and more positive plans the proposed provisional Government should the Capitol Hill chapter, is chairman of be "without members of the Thleu Govern­ the program. will be contrived in behalf of those pa­ ment." triots whose plight should be treated as He said It should be composed of non­ Everyone attending the briefing will be the highest of pri01ities. Communists who are "not servants of foreign given copies of the FCC's most-recent !nte rests." primer on "Use of Broadcast Facilities by "National reconciliation can only be Candidates for Public Office" and the achieved through mutual compromise, not handbook prepared by the National Asso­ THIEU'S REPRESSION through mutual accusation or demands of ciation of Broadcasters on Political Time surrender," Mr. Due said, adding that the and the Fairness Doctrine. war cannot end by a decisive military victory HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM for either side. He called for a cease-fire and OF NEW YORK the total withdrawal of all foreign troops. He said: "Those who have accused us of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES being traitors must look at themselves. I A SUCCESSFUL EXPERIMENT IN Monday, October 5, 1970 have condemned the Liberation Front for POLICE DEPLOYMENT !ndlscrimlnate klll!ng of Innocent c!v!Uans. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, as long I have also pointed out that while the South as the U.S. Government gives the repres­ Vietnamese do not l!ke the Americans and HON. CRAIG HOSMER sive Thieu-Ky government unqualified are opposed to the Th!eu Government they OF CALIFORNIA support, the war in Vietnam will go on also fear a Communist takeover of South IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Vietnam.'' and on. President Thieu's relentless op­ Monday, October 5, 1970 position to realistic steps toward a ne­ gotiated peace has been made clear again Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, in the and again. The latest instance was re­ A BRIEFING ON THE FCC'S FAIR­ October 1970 issue of the FBI Law En­ ported on September 30 in the New York NESS DOCTRINE AND THE EQUAL forcement Bulletin, Chief Earle W. Robi­ Times, as follows: OPPORTUNITIES PROVISION OF taille of the Huntington Beach Police THE COMMUNICATIONS ACT OF Department in California has written an DEPUTY DEFYING THIEU, AGAIN ASKS INTERIM REGIME 1934 article on a novel system of police de­ (By Alvin Shuster) ployment. SAIGON, SOUTH VIETNAM, September 29.­ HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE Basically, Chief Robitaille points out A 34-year-old member of South Vietnam's that the use of 10-hour instead of 8-hour OF MISSOURI shifts has had a remarkable effect on the National Assembly defied President Nguyen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Van Th!eu today and renewed a call for the efficiency of his department and the formation of a provisional Government as a Monday, October 5, 1970 morale of the officers. step toward peace. Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, as the So that others might have the benefit The proposals of the legislator, Ngo Cong newly elected president of the Capital of the Huntington Beach experience, I Due, and the response to them from the am including the article in the RECORD Th!eu Government, have stirred excitement Hill Chapter of the Federal Bar Associa­ since they were just made several days ago. tion, an organization composed of law­ at this point. President Th!eu !mpl!ed that Mr. Due was yers who are Members of Congress, con­ MANPOWER WHEN You NEED IT a tra.ltor and said he would be !n ja!l 1f not gressional staff aides, committee counsel (By Earle W. Robitaille) for h!s legislative !mmunity. A petition seek­ and Library of Congress attorneys, I am Pollee administrators have long recognized ing the possible removal of Mr. Due's Im­ pleased to bring to the attention of my that the hourly fluctuation In law enforce­ munity is being circulated !n the House of ment workloads has not coincided with the Representatives. At least two advocates of colleagues a briefing sponsored by the normal 8-hour patrol shift, and they have peace proposals oppoSed by Mr. Th!eu h ave Capitol Hill Chapter and the Communi­ tried to develop new systems of deployment been ja!led. cations Law Committee of the Federal to meet this problem. Several effective solu­ The Government's harsh response to the Bar Association on the equal opportuni­ tions have been offered; however, many of cautious proposals, which fall short of sug­ ties provision of section 315 of the Com­ these proposed solutions have their own gesting the Inclusion of Communists ln a munications Act of 1934, as amended, corresponding problems. provisional Government, refiects the intense and the Federal Communications Com­ In analyzing the workload of the Hunting­ sensitivity of Mr. Th!eu to any suggestions mission's Fairness Doctrine. This subject ton Beach Pollee Department, we found two that even hint of conceSB!ons to Vietcong de­ periods of time In which there are sharp mands for the removal from power of him­ is of unusual timeliness an<' significance changes. During the first period, between 9 self, Vice President Nguyen Cao Ky and Pre• in view of the impending congressional p .m. and 3 a.m., the rate of criminal occur­ mier Tran Thien Kh!em. and senatorial elections and the FCC's rence Is high and most of the calls require Mr. Due, who called a news conference to­ recent adoption of several landmark deci­ dispatching two pollee units. The second day to explain h!s proJ?OSB.ls, has been care­ sions on Fairness Doctrine questions. The time period Is t hat between 3 a.m. and 7 a.m., ful to avoid urging the Immediate abol!t!on briefing will be held on Tuesday, October when we experience a sharp drop In the num­ of the present Government. He says he be­ 6, 1970, 3:30 p.m., at the Select Commit­ ber of calls for service and the pollee task lieves he 1s speaking for many war-weary tee on Small Business hearing room, 2361 becomes one of basically Inspecting pollee South Vietnamese who are searching for an hazards. end to the present Impasse over a pol!tlcal Rayburn House Office Building. I extend Under the regular system of patrol deploy­ solution at the Paris peace talks. an invitation to all Members of Congress ment where each watch was on duty for President Thleu, who has often been at­ and their staffs t:J attend. 8 hours, we were experiencing large fiuctua­ tacked by Mr. Due and h!s small bloc of ant !- Key members of the staff of the Fed- tlons In workload during the shifts. Typical October 5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35005 of this problem was our "graveyard" shift. between 9 p.m. and 2 a.m. was signitlcantly of work being produced. We have adopted the During the early portion of the shift, which reduced. Our study refiected a 32 percent re­ 10-hour shift for patrol forces on a year­ started at 11 p.m., the level of calls for service duction in response time on Code S (proceed round basis. was high. At approximately 3 a.m., there was to location With red light and siren) runs a sharp drop in the number of calls for serv­ and a 38 percent reduction on routine calls. ice received. During this latter period, the The result we did not anticipate was the number of officers on duty exceeded that reduction of .response time during the period necessary to perform the police services re­ of 2 a.m. to 7 a.m. The Ten Plan called for a A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO THE quired. 30 percent reduction in manpower during CAUSE OF WATER POLLUTION We have studied methods of manpower this time period. In spite of this substantial distribution which would result in the as­ reduction in manpower, there was a 46 per­ signment of the maximum force during the cent reduction in the response time on Code HON. JOHN J. FLYNT, JR. late evening hours and the minimum force 3 runs and a 7.7 percent reduction on routine OF GEORGIA during the early morning hours. After con­ calis. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sidering several alternate methods, we ar­ In attempting to determine what factors rived at the decision to abandon the 8-hour caused this increased efficiency, we found Monday, October 5, 1970 shift in favor of a 10-hour day. that prior to the application of the Ten Plan, Mr. FLYNT. Mr. Speaker, as I am sure This "Ten Plan" reduced the work-week Watch ill {graveyard) was receiving a ma­ is true of all my colleagues in the House, to 4 days. This system resulted in a shift jority of its calls for service prior to 2 a.m. overlap during the late evening hours in­ Because officers assigned to that shift were I share the public's great concern for creasing the number of beat patrol units by unable to flle their reports until later in the the protection of all aspects of our en­ 45 percent. During the low call-for-service shift, many times after 2 a.m., there was a vironment. However, if this concern is period between 2:30 a.m. and 7 a.m., the substantial reduction of units available on to be effective in achieving the environ­ number of beat patrol cars was reduced by the street between the hours of 2 a.m. and mental goal we seek, it requires also a 30 percent. This plan resulted in the assign­ 7 a.m. The efficiency of the shift was further recognition of the complexity of many of ment of personnel in a closer ratio to the de­ reduced by officers processing arrestees who partmental workload. would be taken into custody during the the ecological problem.; we confront and We were of the opinion that the Ten Plan shift's peak period of 11 p.m. to 2 a.m. With the need for thorough research in un­ would not only. increase the efficiency of the the introduction of the Ten Plan and the derstanding the nature of these problems police department, but would also serve as an resulting increase of personnel on duty be­ before committing our resources of pro­ employee benefit. This plan allowed us to re­ tween the hours of 11 p.m. and 2 a.m., many posed solutions. duce the workweek by 2Y. hours. This was of the calls received during this period are For example, I have in mind the al­ accomplished by incorporating the briefing now serviced or handled by Watch II {swing leged. role of detergent phosphates in period into the base 40 hours, which resulted shift). As a result, more Watch ill cars are in a workday increase of only 90 minutes. available for service during the period of 2 causing eutrophication. Some have ad­ This scheduling had not been possible under a.m. to 7 a.m. vanced a very simplistic solution-re­ move all phosphates from detergents the 8-hour shift. Our initial poll of the offi­ OFFICERS' FIELD ACTIVrrY cers indicated that they were in favor of hav­ and thereby curtail the eutrophication of ing 3 days off each week. However, our pro­ We conducted a study of the patrol divi­ our lakes. More thoughtful experts, how­ posal, to our knowledge, had never been sion's total field activity under the Ten Plan and found that between the hours of 9 p.m. ever, are challenging the validity of this tested. We were of the opinion that, in approach, including a team of chemists order to effectively evaluate the merits of the and 2 a.m. felony arrests have increased 18.6 Ten Plan, we should institute the program percent, misdemeanor arrests increased 55.28 and biologists at the Southeast Water for a 90-day test period. percent, and observations increased 31.5 per­ Laboratory at Athens, Ga. An article on During early stages of the test period, cent. Traffic citations have decreased 2.9 per­ their work appeared recently in the At­ which was instituted on February 2, 1970, we cent, but we could identify no outside cause lanta Constitution which I believe will found officers having a di.fticult time adjust­ !or this reduction. be of interest to my colleagues. ing to the new shifts. One of the primary During the time period of 2 a.m. to 7 a.m., I am not a water quality scientist. I do complaints was that they coulld not find when the number of patrol unlts is reduced, activities to occupy their 3-day weekends. It we noted an 87.5 perceBt increase in felony not know the extent that phosphates was not uncommon to find officers returning arrests and no change in misdemeanor cause water pollution. However, when to the police facllity on their days off. arrests. the experts disagree, the public is entitled After the initial 2 weeks, the men became COMMERCIAL BURGLARIES to see and hear from both sides. I in­ accustomed to the new shift assignments and One of our primary concerns about re­ clude the article in the REcoRD which generally expressed the opinions that they ducing the number of officers on duty be­ appeared in the Atlanta Constitution would like to continue on a 10-hour day. tween 2 a.m. and 7 a.m . was that we would earlier this year: experience an increase in commercial bur­ OBJECTIVE EVALUATION glaries. Contrary to our beliefs, we found that PHOSPHATES NOT TRUE CAUSE OF POLLUTION, At the conclusion of the 90-day test period, prior to the implementation of the Ten Plan, ATHENS FINDs a questionnaire was circulated to those pa­ we were experiencing 1.63 commercial bur­ {By Jeff Nesmith) trolmen affected by the plan. The men were glaries each day. After instituting the 10-hour asked whether they felt the 10-hour patrol In the midst of a national push to ban shift, we found the rate dropped to 1.3 com­ phosphate compounds from detergents be­ shift had increased the department's effi­ mercial burglaries a day, a 20.2 percent re­ cause they are thought to cause a serious ciency, whether they wanted the longer shift duction in that crime. continued, and what problems the 10-hour pollution problem, scientists at Athens have OVERTIME found evidence that the phosphates are not shift had created. the culprits after all. After reviewing the questionnaires re­ In comparison the overtime expenditures turned by the officers, which overwhelmingly under the Ten Plan to those under the nor­ The pollution problem for which phos­ reflected their desire to continue with the Ten mal 8-hour shift, we found that the overtime phates are being blamed is called "eutrophi­ Plan, we attempted to conduct objective eval­ required for completing reports under the cation." It is the process by which a lake dies. ulation of the plan's elfect upon the effi­ new plan is 47.8 percent less than previously Overwhelmed by a sudden growth of small ciency of our service. expended. plants, mostly algae, the lake loses dissolved oxygen, when the algae dies and begins to The evaluation consisted of a study of only The members of the investigative staff of those hours which were directly alfected by the Huntington Beach Police Department, decay. Without dissolved oxygen, fish and the change. There were no changes in man­ while not themselves sCheduled on a 10-hour other aquatic creatures cannot live. power during the day shift and little change day, have encouraged the continuation of For several years scientists have been aware during the early portion of Watch II {swing the plan. They have noted that, since the of a correlation between the presence of phos­ shift). Therefore, we have only concerned institution of the plan, the reports written phate compounds and the unnatural growth, ourselves with that time period between 9 and the investigations conducted by the or "bloom" or algae that leads to eutrophi­ p .m. and 7 a.m. during which the m ajor patrolmen are far superior to those sub­ cation. shift in manpower occurred. mitted prior to the test period. This improve­ And detergents are a major source of phos­ ment is attributed to the availability of time phate pollution because phosphorous com­ RESPONSE TIME to flle comprehensive reports--a direct result pounds are added when the cleansers are In reviewing the elfect of the Ten Plan of the Ten Plan. manufactured. As detergents replaced soap, on the patrol unlts' response time, we con­ After reviewing our test of the effective­ the volume of phosphorous pollution of lakes sidered the period between 9 p.m. and 2 a.m., ness of the Ten Plan, we concluded that this and rivers in this country tripled. when Shift II and Shift III overlap, and the method of schedullng not only increases the "I'herefore, the association between phos­ time between 2 a.m. and 7 a.m., when we efficiency of our department, but also has a phorous and the increasingly common algae reduce the nUinber of personnel assigned to positive effect upon the morale of the otncers. "blooms" has led to a movement to force de­ duty. This higher morale, while not directly meas­ tergent manufacturers to stop adding phos­ As could be expected, the response time ured by our test, is reflected in the quality phate compounds to their products. 35006 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 5, 1970 It was bel!eved that phosphorous was di­ of us. Too long have we taken for granted "You've seen t he Middle East drug traffic. rectly responsible for the sudden algae our naval superiority. Our missile ad­ You ought to publish something about it in growth and that the answer to this problem vantage exists no more. Unless we deter­ America. What's the cause of the drug was simple: remove the phosphate com­ m ania? What's the answer to it? How have pounds and the eutrophication wlll stop. mine at once to respond to the growing countries like Egypt dealt with it? Maybe However, a team of chemists and biologists strength of our adversary within this we can learn something from them. You've at the Federal Water Pollution Administra­ decade, we will find ourselves faced with no idea how badly we need help." t ion's Southeast Water Laboratory at At hens the kind of military blackmail that here­ So here I am, looking at that out-of-date have made a painstaking analysis of algae tofore has been wreaked only upon the map, trying to remember something sig­ blooms and decided that phosphorous is not weak nations of the world. nificant, and wondering how it is that the t he true culprit. I commend the chairman for his timely colored lines now mainly point westward. Phosphorous is but one of the elements Most of the Near East's opium poppy crop Is necessary to llving things. Others are carbon, speech. It remains to be seen whether it grown in Turkey, Persia and occasionally nitrogen, oxygen and other materials that are will serve as a turning point in our re­ Egypt. Morphine, extracted from the poppy available ln an unnatural abundance in any solve or another lost voice in a sea of itself, is produced in Turkey-legally for polluted stream or Jake. complacency. medicinal purposes, lllegally for conversion However, when such elements as carbon, (chiefly In France and Italy) into the more oxygen and nitrogen a.re put into the water poten1;, and profitable, heroin. Cannabi s ln the form of organic compounds they gen­ sativ a, grown in Lebanon, Syria and Turkey, era.lly a.re not available to the algae. They DRUG TRAFFIC IN THE is famiUar in many parts of southern Asia, must first be broken down Into simpler chem­ Nort h Africa and America as Indian hemp, icals that the algae can utilize. MIDDLE EAST bhang, ganja, grlfa, and marijuana, and Is The Southeast Water Lab scientists have t he primary ingredient in such preparations described a complex cycle in which water as hashish, kif and charras. bacteria and protozoa consume organic pollu­ HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. The m an who gave me the map had an­ tion (such as sewage) and reduce it to com­ OF NEW JERSEY ot her like it, and lived ir Egyp ~. While a pounds--mostly carbon dioxide-which the British officer at the end of World War II, I aJgae can use. In exchange, the algae release IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES devoted some time getting to know the Syr­ oxygen that the b acteria and protozoa must Monday, October 5, 1970 ian-Turkish frontier and, later, southern have. Syria and Lebanon. I made an effort now The capacity of a lake or stream to accom­ Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker. recently and then to check some of the dotted lines modate this type of exchange can be tre­ the New Leader published an article by and add a new one, keeping my Egyptian mendous and as more and more pollution is a veteran British correspondent, Ray contact Informed. But drugs were not our added, the a.lgae, as well as the protozoa and Alan, titled "Drug Traffic in the Middle business--it was just that we thought it bacteria, increase to tremendous quantities. East." might prove useful one day to know some­ However, a cool day or a cloudy day can Since the article corroborates the feel­ thing about smuggllng routes and the men cause all the algae to die. The lake becomes ing of a growing number of people that who used them-and I had orders not to take an extremely odorous cess pool; and as the any initiative. Indeed, I had been told by an other organisms begin to consume the de­ I have talked to in the United States who influential British official t hat "antidrug caying algae, water oxygen ls reduced to zero. feel that the key to reversing the upward fanatics like Russell Pasha" h ad done Britain The Jake dies. spiral of drug addiction is to dry up the more harm than good. Phosphorous plays a key role ln the de­ supply, I think my colleagues will be in­ Sir Thomas "Pasha" Russell, a dedicated scription developed at the Athens lab, both terested in what a Middle Eastern spe­ British police officer who retired in 1946, in the tremendous growtl• of aJgae and the cialist has to say about drug running in spent the 1930s and early '40s fighting the corresponding growth of bacteria and other the Near East. hashish and heroin traffic then ravaging organisms. Egypt. In 1930, nearly 10 per cent of male DRUG TRAFFIC IN THE MIDDLE EAST The