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Tracing Autism’ Ambiguity and Difference in a Neuroscientific Research Practice
The London School of Economics and Political Science ‘Tracing Autism’ Ambiguity and difference in a neuroscientific research practice Patrick D. Fitzgerald A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London, September 2012 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 88,543 words. I can confirm that portions of this thesis were copy-edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by John MacArtney, Megan Clinch, Joanne Kalogeras, Juljan Krause and Neasa Terry. ________________________________________________________ Des Fitzgerald, September 2012 2 Abstract Tracing Autism is about neuroscientists’ on-going search for a brain-based biomarker for autism. While much recent sociological work has looked at the ‘cerebralization’ of such diverse diagnostic categories as depression, bipolar disorder, psychopathy, addiction, and even autism itself, surprisingly little light has yet been shed on the mundane ways that researchers in the new brain sciences actually think about, reason through, and hold together neurological accounts of complex and emerging diagnostic entities . -
Brain, Body and Culture: a Biocultural Theory of Religion1
METHOD & THEORY in the STUDY OF RELIGION Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 22 (2010) 304-321 brill.nl/mtsr Brain, Body and Culture: A Biocultural Theory of Religion1 Armin W. Geertz Religion, Cognition and Culture Research Unit (RCC), Department of the Study of Religion, Aarhus University, Denmark [email protected] Abstract This essay sketches out a biocultural theory of religion which is based on an expanded view of cognition that is anchored in brain and body (embrained and embodied), deeply dependent on culture (enculturated) and extended and distributed beyond the borders of individual brains. Such an approach uniquely accommodates contemporary cultural and neurobiological sciences. Since the challenge that the study of religion faces, in my opinion, is at the interstices of these sciences, I have tried to develop a theory of religion which acknowledges the fact. My hope is that the theory can be of use to scholars of religion and be submitted to further hypotheses and tests by cognitive scientists. Keywords biocultural theory, embrainment, embodiment, enculturation, extended mind, distributed cog- nition, neuroscience, religion Introduction At the Religion, Cognition and Culture Research Unit (RCC) in Aarhus, our central axiom is that cognition is not just what goes on in the individual mind. In adapting our approach to contemporary research in neurobiology, archaeol- ogy, anthropology, comparative religion and philosophy of science, we hold that cognition is embrained, embodied, encultured, extended and distributed.2 1 My warmest thanks are extended to Michael Stausberg, Jesper Sørensen, Jeppe Sinding Jensen and Aaron Hughes for comments and critiques of earlier drafts of this paper. -
Psychology – a Path to Peace? We Seek Alternatives to Military Action Against ‘Extremism’
the psychologist vol 29 no 2 february 2016 www.thepsychologist.org.uk Psychology – a path to peace? We seek alternatives to military action against ‘extremism’ news 94 the ascension of parent-offspring ties 114 careers 142 from riots to crowd safety 120 reviews 148 interview: Jon Kabat-Zinn 124 looking back 154 researching loyalist communities 126 Contact The British Psychological Society the psychologist... St Andrews House 48 Princess Road East ...features Leicester LE1 7DR 0116 254 9568 [email protected] www.bps.org.uk The Psychologist www.thepsychologist.org.uk Can psychology find a path to peace? 108 www.psychapp.co.uk [email protected] As the UK’s Parliament voted to allow bombing in Syria, we asked – are there evidence-based tinyurl.com/thepsychomag ways to resolve this conflict? @psychmag The ascension of parent–offspring ties 114 How are bonds between parents and their Advertising grown-up children changing, and what impact Reach 50,000+ psychologists do they have? Karen Fingerman looks at the at very reasonable rates; or hit a large and international audience evidence. via the Research Digest blog. 108 Impact: From riots to crowd safety 120 CPL In the first of an occasional series, John Drury 275 Newmarket Road describes his pathway to impact Cambridge, CB5 8JE New voices: Researching loyalist Advertising Manager communities 126 Matt Styrka Patrick Flack outlines his research in 01223 273 555 Northern Ireland [email protected] January 2016 issue ...reports 54,614 dispatched new year honours; All in the Mind awards; an Printed by 126 evening of heaven and hell to mark a decade of Warners Midlands plc the Research Digest blog; university psychology on 100 per cent recycled societies; Psychology4Graduates; the annual paper. -
Welcoming 62 New EMBO Members Marek Basler & Melina Schuh
SUMMER 2018 ISSUE 39 Scientists from 24 countries elected Welcoming 62 new EMBO Members PAGES 4 – 5 Research assessment EMBO Gold Medal 2018 Kicking the impact Marek Basler & Melina Schuh honoured factor habit PAGE 3 PAGE 11 Creative collaborations Learning to lead Fellowship application EMBO Young Investigators EMBO Lab Leadership courses Tips and tricks on structuring share their stories in the spotlight a project proposal PAGES 6 – 7 PAGES 8 – 9 PAGE 12 www.embo.org TABLE OF CONTENTS © Marietta Schupp, EMBL Photolab Marietta Schupp, © Meet the 62 new EMBO Members Editorial PagesEMBO NEWS4-5 he first EMBO Gold Medal was present- ed to John Tooze in 1986. Since then, it Thas been awarded annually to celebrate EMBO news EMBO community the scientific achievements of young scien- tists. The work of this year’s recipients, Marek Two EMBO Gold Medals awarded Page 3 Updates from across Europe Basler and Melina Schuh (see p 3), continues Pages 14 – 16 in the same vein, exemplifying the exciting research that takes place across Europe. Each year, we ask our Members and Young Awards and publications Investigators to nominate candidates for the Gold Medal. Selecting one, or sometimes two, Achievements and papers by members of recipients from the many deserving nominees the EMBO community Page 17 is not an easy task. To make the selection process as fair as possible, we have changed the way EMBO Council assesses and discusses Crossing EMBO events each candidate. continents As one of the original signatories of the San Upcoming courses, workshops and Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment conferences Page 18 (DORA), we believe that the way research- ers and their work are assessed must change. -
Annual Report Fy 2018 Human Frontier Science Program Organization
APRIL 2017 APRIL 2018 — MARCH 2019 ANNUAL REPORT FY 2018 HUMAN FRONTIER SCIENCE PROGRAM ORGANIZATION The Human Frontier Science Program Organization (HFSPO) is unique, supporting international collaboration to undertake innovative, risky, basic research at the frontier of the life sciences. Special emphasis is given to the support and training of independent young investigators, beginning at the postdoctoral level. The Program is implemented by an international organisation, supported financially by Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nothern Ireland, the United States of America, and the European Commission. Since 1990, over 7000 researchers from more than 70 countries have been supported. Of these, 28 HFSP awardees have gone on to receive the Nobel Prize. 2 The following documents are available on the HFSP website www.hfsp.org: Joint Communiqués (Tokyo 1992, Washington 1997, Berlin 2002, Bern 2004, Ottawa 2007, Canberra 2010, Brussels 2013, London 2016): https://www.hfsp.org/about/governance/membership Statutes of the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization: https://www.hfsp.org/about/governance/hfspo-statutes Guidelines for the participation of new members in HFSPO: https://www.hfsp.org/about/governance/membership General reviews of the HFSP (1996, 2001, 2006-2007, 2010, 2018): https://www.hfsp.org/about/strategy/reviews Updated and previous lists of awards, including titles and abstracts: -
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Reviewers [PDF]
The Journal of Neuroscience, January 2013, 33(1) Acknowledgement For Reviewers 2012 The Editors depend heavily on outside reviewers in forming opinions about papers submitted to the Journal and would like to formally thank the following individuals for their help during the past year. Kjersti Aagaard Frederic Ambroggi Craig Atencio Izhar Bar-Gad Esther Aarts Céline Amiez Coleen Atkins Jose Bargas Michelle Aarts Bagrat Amirikian Lauren Atlas Steven Barger Lawrence Abbott Nurith Amitai David Attwell Cornelia Bargmann Brandon Abbs Yael Amitai Etienne Audinat Michael Barish Keiko Abe Martine Ammasari-Teule Anthony Auger Philip Barker Nobuhito Abe Katrin Amunts Vanessa Auld Neal Barmack Ted Abel Costas Anastassiou Jesús Avila Gilad Barnea Ute Abraham Beau Ances Karen Avraham Carol Barnes Wickliffe Abraham Richard Andersen Gautam Awatramani Steven Barnes Andrey Abramov Søren Andersen Edward Awh Sue Barnett Hermann Ackermann Adam Anderson Cenk Ayata Michael Barnett-Cowan David Adams Anne Anderson Anthony Azevedo Kevin Barnham Nii Addy Clare Anderson Rony Azouz Scott Barnham Arash Afraz Lucy Anderson Hiroko Baba Colin J. Barnstable Ariel Agmon Matthew Anderson Luiz Baccalá Scott Barnum Adan Aguirre Susan Anderson Stephen Baccus Ralf Baron Geoffrey Aguirre Anuska Andjelkovic Stephen A. Back Pascal Barone Ehud Ahissar Rodrigo Andrade Lars Bäckman Maureen Barr Alaa Ahmed Ole Andreassen Aldo Badiani Luis Barros James Aimone Michael Andres David Badre Andreas Bartels Cheryl Aine Michael Andresen Wolfgang Baehr David Bartés-Fas Michael Aitken Stephen Andrews Mathias Bähr Alison Barth Elias Aizenman Thomas Andrillon Bahador Bahrami Markus Barth Katerina Akassoglou Victor Anggono Richard Baines Simon Barthelme Schahram Akbarian Fabrice Ango Jaideep Bains Edward Bartlett Colin Akerman María Cecilia Angulo Wyeth Bair Timothy Bartness Huda Akil Laurent Aniksztejn Victoria Bajo-Lorenzana Marisa Bartolomei Michael Akins Lucio Annunziato David Baker Marlene Bartos Emre Aksay Daniel Ansari Harriet Baker Jason Bartz Kaat Alaerts Mark S. -
November2012 Vol. 57, No. 4
NEWSLETTER Vol. 57, No. 4 November 2012 Animal Behavior Society Sue Margulis, Secretary A quarterly Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation publication Department of Biology Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208 Lindsey Perkes-Smith, Editorial Assistant Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208 2012-2013 ABS OFFICERS VOTE! VOTE! VOTE! 2013 ABS ELECTIONS President: Robert Seyfarth, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3815 Walnut Please take the time to vote in the upcoming election! Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6196, USA. You will receive an e-mail from the Central Office, E-mail: [email protected] containing a link that when clicked upon will take you First President-Elect: Dan Rubenstein, Department of to the ballot on Survey Monkey. You will receive this Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton e-mail provided the Central Office has your e-mail University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Phone: (609) address and you were an active ABS member as of 258-5698. E-mail: [email protected] November 1, 2012. A ballot is enclosed in this Second President-Elect: Regina H. Macedo, newsletter, and if you vote by regular mail, your Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília name MUST be on the envelope. 70910-900 - Brasília - DF – Brazil. Phone: +55-61- 3307-2265. E-mail: [email protected] CANDIDATES FOR Past President: Joan Strassmann, Department of 2013 ELECTION OF OFFICERS Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1137, St. Louis MO See biographies of candidates and the ballot at the 63130, USA. Phone: (314) 935-3528. -
Speaker Biographical Sketches Speaker Biographical Sketches
SPEAKER BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES SPEAKER BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES Mind Reading: Human Origins and Theory of Mind Mind Reading: Human Origins and Theory of Mind October 2013 October 2013 carta.anthropogeny.org carta.anthropogeny.org Ralph Adolphs is the Bren Professor of Pychology and Neuroscience, as well Michael Arbib is the Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science, as well as as a professor of biology at the California Institute for Technology (Caltech). a professor of biological sciences at the University of Southern California. Dr. Dr. Adolphs received his bachelor's degree from Stanford University, and his Arbib is a pioneer in the interdisciplinary study of computers and brains, and Ph.D. in neurobiology from Caltech. He did post-doctoral work with Antonio has long studied brain mechanisms underlying the visual control of action. For Damasio at the University of Iowa, beginning his studies in human more than a decade, he has devoted much energy to understanding the neuropsychology, with a focus on the recognition of emotional facial relevance of this work, and especially of mirror neurons, to the evolution of the expressions. Dr. Adolphs also holds an adjunct appointment in the Department language-ready brain. Dr. Arbib is an author or editor of 40 books, of Neurology at the University of Iowa. including How the Brain Got Language (Oxford, 2012). Tetsuro Matsuzawa is a professor at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto Jason Mitchell is professor of psychology at Harvard University. Dr. Mitchell University, Japan, and president of the International Primatological completed his undergraduate degree at Yale University and earned his Ph.D. -
1 Armin W. Geertz Too Much Mind and Not Enough Brain, Body and Culture
https://doi.org/10.26262/culres.v4i0.4637 Armin Geertz 1 ARMIN W. GEERTZ TOO MUCH MIND AND NOT ENOUGH BRAIN, BODY AND CULTURE ON WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE IN THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE OF RELIGION1 Abstract This article is based on work conducted at a research unit that I head at Aarhus Uni- versity called Religion, Cognition and Culture (RCC). It was originally designated as a special research area by the Faculty of Theology at the University and has since been integrated as a full-fledged research unit in the Department of the Study of Re- ligion2. In a recent statement by the RCC, we claim that humans are simultaneously biological and cultural beings. In all of hominin history, human biology and culture have never been separate. Each newborn infant is both unfinished and uniquely equipped, biologically and cognitively organized to flourish in socio-cultural envi- ronments that its genes could never anticipate. So a perspective on minds not limited to brains is required. Thus we must approach cognition as embodied and distributed. We must analyze religion by studying the functional organization of the human brain, its interaction with the social and cultural worlds that it inhabits and modifies, and its developmental constraints and flexibility. The RCC is a European institution, obviously. It differs in its approach to cognition from the few institutions in the United States, England and Northern Ireland that deal with cognition and religion. Whereas the RCC is similar in approach to other European initiatives such as the cognition group in Groningen and the research project in Helsinki. -
Dual Selves in Evolving Networks
Meaning and Function in the Theory of Consumer Choice: Dual Selves in Evolving Networks by Carsten Herrmann-Pillath Academic Director, East-West Centre for Business Studies and Cultural Science Frankfurt School of Finance and Management Sonnemannstraße 9-11 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Email [email protected] Abstract Building on the philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce, recent advances in biosemiotics have resulted into a concise framework for the analysis of signs in living systems. This paper explores the potential for economics and shows how biosemiotics can integrate two different research agendas, each of which are also connected with biological theories, namely neuroeconomics and the theory of networks. I introduce the triadic conceptual framework established by Peirce which distinguishes between object, sign and interpretant and the corresponding causal forces in evolving hierarchical systems. This framework is used to systematize recent results of neuroeconomics in the form of the dual selves approach, following early contributions of James Coleman, partitioning the individual into the acting self and the object self. This distinction implies that there is a fundamental information asymmetry between the two selves. Against this background, the semeiotic process is an information generating and processing dynamics, which is driven by the internal selection of classificatory schemes of actions chosen and the population level dynamics of sign selection, with mimetic behavior as a driver. This can be further analyzed by means of the theory of signal selection. A central insight is that the internal information gap between acting self and object self implies a systematic role of sign processing in social networks for any kind of consumer choice. -
I ADAPTIVE RHETORIC
ADAPTIVE RHETORIC: EVOLUTION, CULTURE, AND THE ART OF PERSUASION By ALEX CORTNEY PARRISH A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPY IN ENGLISH WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY FEBRUARY 2012 © Copyright by ALEX CORTNEY PARRISH, 2012 All Rights Reserved i UMI Number: 3517426 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3517426 Copyright 2012 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would like to thank the (non-exhaustive) list of people who have volunteered their time, expertise, effort, and money to help make this dissertation possible, and also to indemnify those acknowledged from any shortcomings this work may contain. Foremost, Kristin Arola was the most helpful, generous dissertation adviser that could have been hoped for, especially after having inherited the position from the incomparable Victor Villanueva. She was absolutely essential to this process, and her help is greatly appreciated. Also greatly appreciated is the help of my other committee members, including the woman whose graduate course inspired further inquiry into consilient paradigms, Anne Stiles. Michelle Scalise-Sugiyama offered invaluable advice from an evolutionary psychologist’s perspective, and helped keep this dissertation on track from an ethological standpoint. -
Autism: Explaining the Enigma Pdf, Epub, Ebook
AUTISM: EXPLAINING THE ENIGMA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Uta Frith | 264 pages | 25 Apr 2003 | John Wiley and Sons Ltd | 9780631229018 | English | Oxford, United Kingdom Autism: Explaining the Enigma PDF Book Average rating 4. Physical description x, p. Another causal theory Frith proposes is altered dopamine levels in the brain. The book's appeal is in reassuring parents that they are not guilty of their child's being different. Date: January 29, The first of the triad is mind-blindness, her core thesis. Metaphors in Bulgarian Political Discourse Since Mar 15, Linda rated it really liked it Shelves: medical. A very good resource for research into autism, especially with its links and contrasts with mental disorders. Contents What is autism? I found this book super interesting. Nobody comes to the physician complaining, "Doctor, I or: my child lacks top-down control. It does not explain the enigma. Find it at other libraries via WorldCat Limited preview. It discusses how autistic children lack theory of mind, or the ability to guess what other people are thinking, and back it up with an interesting experiment that compared reactions between 'normal' children and autistic children. Why Us? Date: April 22, Skip to search Skip to main content. A Fragmented World. Mind-reading and Mind-Blindness. Feb 26, DrReshma Purohit rated it really liked it. Cognitive Development Series , 2. It precludes other causes, which are more given to preventive efforts than genes, from being properly investigated. On page 90 of pages it's beginning to get down to business. Temporarily Out of Stock Online Please check back later for updated availability.