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CM\683416EN.Doc PE 393.941V01-00 EN EN SAKHAROV PRIZE for FREEDOM of THOUGHT 2007 EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ««« « « 2004 « « 2009 « « ««« Committee on Foreign Affairs (Subcommittee on Human Rights Committee on Development 6.9.2007 NOTICE TO MEMBERS Subject: SAKHAROV PRIZE FOR FREEDOM OF THOUGHT 2007 Members will find attached the list of candidates in alphabetical order, as well as the justifications and biographies received by the secretariat, for the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought 2007, which have been nominated pursuant to the Sakharov Prize statute by at least 40 Members of the European Parliament or by a political group. DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES CM\683416EN.doc PE 393.941v01-00 EN EN SAKHAROV PRIZE FOR FREEDOM OF THOUGHT 2007 Candidates proposed by political groups and individual members in alphabetical order Candidate Activity Nominated by His All Holiness Ecumenical Ecumenical Patriarch of Mr Philip Claeys on Patriarch BARTHOLOMEW I Constantinople, defender of the behalf of the ITS Group Turkey freedom of religion in Turkey and promoter of the dialogue between religious communities. Mrs Zeng JINYAN and Mr Hu Chinese human rights defenders. Mrs Monica Frassoni and JIA : Children of Tiananmen He is an AIDS and environmental Mr Daniel Cohn-Bendit China activist. She is a cyber-dissident on behalf of the reporting daily on her blog GREEN/EFA Group examples of human rights abuses in China. Mrs Joya MALALAI Afghani MP and defender of Messrs. Vittorio Afghanistan women's rights in Afghanistan. Agnoletto, André Brie In May 2007 suspended as a and Tobias Pflueger on member of the National behalf of the GUE/NGL Assembly of Afghanistan for Group exposing warlords present in the Parliament. Mr Salih MAHMOUD OSMAN Human rights attorney working Jointly by Mr Josep Sudan with the Sudan Organisation Borrell Fontelles (PSE), ), Against Torture, providing free Mr Thierry Cornillet legal representation for the many (ALDE), Mr Jose Ribeiro victims of Sudan's civil war and e Castro (EPP-ED), Mr human rights abuses. Frithjof Schmidt (GREENS/EFA), Mr Jürgen Schröder (EPP- ED), and 177 others, from various political Groups; as well as Mrs Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck and Mr Marco Cappato on behalf of the ALDE Group; Mrs Anna POLITKOVSKAYA Russian journalist and human Mr Joseph Daul on behalf Russia rights activist known for her of the EPP-ED Group opposition to the Chechen PE 393.941v01-00 2/12 CM\683416EN.doc EN Candidate Activity Nominated by conflict. She was shot dead on 7 October 2006. ECUMENICAL PATRIARCH BARTHOLOMEW I Nominated by Mr Philip Claeys on behalf of the ITS Group Bartholomew I has made an exceptional contribution to the protection of the freedom of religion and plays an important role in trying to establish tolerance towards all religions in Turkey. As the face of all Christian communities in Turkey he has established a constant dialogue with them on equal terms. Next to this he has always invited to his liturgies in Istanbul representatives of 'secular' Turkey and of the Islamic clergy, and has organised numerous events with regard to ecology including all kinds of clergymen. The way in which the Turkish State is treating this institution with 17 centuries of history, painfully symbolises the very precarious situation of the Christian minority in Turkey and illustrates how a prospective member state of the European Union is constantly turning against other religions and their institutions without paying any attention to fundamental rights and principles. First of all, the title of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is still not recognised by the Turkish Government, which only recognises Bartholomew I as the spiritual leader of the Greek minority in Turkey, and refers to him only as the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Fener. Secondly, there is the continued closing of the Patriarchate's Theological Seminary on the island of Halki, which constitutes a violation of human rights and religious freedom. The lack of a place of learning makes it very hard to find priests. In general, Christians in Turkey are finding themselves in a 'legal no man's land'. For example, the Orthodox and Catholic communities continue to lack juridical weight and the ministers of worship and bishops are still not recognised. Churches can only acquire properties or gifts via very complex procedures. Confiscated church properties are not being returned. Next to the administrative and legal obstacles and discriminations, there is also the rising violence against CM\683416EN.doc 3/12 PE 393.941v01-00 EN Christians. On 26 June 2007, the Supreme Court of Turkey reaffirmed the long-established Turkish approach to the Patriarchate, contesting the ecumenical right of the Patriarchate of Constantinople and defining it as a Turkish body only responsible for the worship of the Greek Orthodox minority. The same court also contested the right to property of minority religious foundations. Experts qualify the ruling of 26 June 2007 as a 'political' move which goes against the European programmes of the government, which raises 'concerns' for the fate of religious minorities in the country. In short, giving the prize to Bartholomew I, the European Parliament would not only honour a great clergyman who has made an exceptional contribution to the peace and understanding between people differing in their religion in extremely hard conditions, but it would also make clear to Turkey that violations of human rights and religious freedoms are no longer tolerated. Next to this, awarding Bartholomew I implies that the European political structures adapt to the fundamental characteristics of European civilisation. A common European future is indeed only possible if it takes into account our common European spirituality, namely Christianity. PE 393.941v01-00 4/12 CM\683416EN.doc EN Zeng Jinyan and Hu Jia: Children of Tiananmen Mrs Monica Frassoni and Mr Daniel Cohn-Bendit on behalf of the GREEN/EFA Group Hu Jia who is 34, and his wife, Zeng Jinyan, who is 24, live in a Beijing suburb. A few years ago, Hu Jia, a pioneering ecological activist, turned his attention to the anti-Aids campaign and he is also one of the coordinators of the 'barefoot lawyers movement' mobilising legal experts, lawyers and academics in support of the same cause: upholding individual rights and combating injustice. During the troubles of 1989, when Hu Jia was 15 years old, he went every day to Tiananmen Square to support the protesting students. His wife, Zeng Jinyan, a cyber-dissident, describes their daily struggle on her 'Tiananmen 2.0' blog, tirelessly detailing all acts of repression directed at Chinese human rights activists who dare to stand up and be counted and whose own human rights are violated as a result. She was 18 years old when she resolved to ensure media coverage for the arrest of the blind lawyer Chen Guancheng. She was recently named by Time Magazine as one of the one hundred world 'heroes'. In 2006, Hu Jia went as missing for 41 days. From August 2006 to March 2007 the couple were placed under house arrest. On 18 May 2007, Zeng Jinyan and Hu Jia were accused of threatening state security and denied permission to leave China. Hu Jia is once more under house arrest and Zeng Jinyan, who is five months pregnant, is still being forced to restrict her movements. Zeng Jinyan and Hu Jia symbolise a new generation of dissidents in China. Awarding them the 2007 Sakharov prize would amount to recognising the daily struggle of the 'Children of Tiananmen' and all Chinese human rights activists. CM\683416EN.doc 5/12 PE 393.941v01-00 EN In view of the fact that the Olympic Games are to be held in Beijing in 2008, to put their names forward will help to highlight the situation in China regarding individual rights and freedoms. If Zeng Jinyan and Hu Jia were unable receive the prize in Strasbourg, a European Parliament delegation should travel to Beijing to present it to them officially during the Olympic Games. Mrs Joya MALALAI Nominated by Messrs. Vittorio Agnoletto, André Brie and Tobias Pflueger on behalf of the GUE/NGL Group HER LIFE Daughter of a former medical student who lost a foot while fighting the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Malalai Joya, 30 years old, was 4 years old when her family fled Afghanistan in 1982 to the refugee camps of Iran and later Pakistan. She finished her education in Pakistan and began teaching literacy courses to other women at the age of 19. After the Soviet withdrawal, Malalai Joya returned to Afghanistan in 1998 during the Taliban's regime. During that time she established an orphanage and health clinic, and was soon a vocal opponent of the Taliban. Malalai Joya runs many activities: schools, a computer school, literacy courses for women, a clinic, in her province, Farah. Although she has become MP, elected in her province with a very high number of votes, she still carries on her social work and leads the NGO called 'OPAWC (Organization for promoting afghan women capabilities)' in her area. MEMBER OF AFGHAN 'LOYA JIRGA' AND PARLIAMENT PE 393.941v01-00 6/12 CM\683416EN.doc EN In December 2003, Malalai Joya gained international attention when, as an elected delegate to the Loya Jirga convened to ratify the Afghan Constitution, she spoke out publicly against what she termed the domination of warlords. In response, Sibghatullah Mujadidi, chief of the Loya Jirga called her 'infidel' and 'outlaw'. Since then she has survived four assassination attempts, and travels in Afghanistan under a burqa and with armed guards. World Pulse Magazine (Issue 1, 2005) wrote: ' ... When her time came to make her 3-minute statement, she tugged her black headscarf over her hair, stepped up to the microphone, and with emotional electricity made the speech that would alter her life. After she spoke, there was a moment of stunned silence.
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