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Geological Survey of Michigan Lower Peninsula 1896-1900 Vol. Vii Part I

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Geological Survey of Michigan Lower Peninsula 1896-1900 Vol. Vii Part I GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF MICHIGAN § 3. Post-glacial soils. ...............................................15 ALFRED C. LANE, STATE GEOLOGIST a. Sand and gravel. ...............................................15 b. Clay...................................................................15 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF MICHIGAN c. Loam. ................................................................15 d. Silt. ....................................................................16 LOWER PENINSULA e. Muck. ................................................................16 1896-1900 B. Relation of Soils to Vegetation:. .............................16 § 4. Fertility. ..............................................................16 VOL. VII § 5. Fruit culture. .......................................................17 PART I § 6. Farm products. ...................................................18 § 7. Forest growth. ....................................................19 GEOLOGICAL REPORT ON MONROE COUNTY C. Amelioration of Soils:..............................................19 MICHIGAN § 8. Importance of subject.........................................19 § 9. Natural amelioration. ..........................................19 BY a. Inorganic agencies ............................................19 W. H. SHERZER b. Organic agencies. .............................................20 § 10. Artificial amelioration. .......................................21 ACCOMPANIED BY SEVENTEEN PLATES AND EIGHT FIGURES INCLUDING THREE COLORED MAPS CHAPTER VIII. ECONOMIC PRODUCTS.....................22 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE LAWS OF § 1. Building materials...............................................22 MICHIGAN § 2. Quick lime. .........................................................22 UNDER THE DIRECTION OF § 3. Soda ash limestone............................................23 THE BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY § 4. Beet sugar limestone. ........................................24 § 5. Cement materials. ..............................................24 LANSING § 6. Road metal.........................................................26 ROBERT SMITH PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS AND BINDERS § 7. Glass sand rock. ................................................27 1900 § 8. Brick and tile.......................................................28 Entered, according to Act of Congress in the year 1900, by § 9. Natural gas and oil. ............................................29 GOVERNOR HAZEN S. PINGREE § 10. Artesian water and mineral springs. .................31 for the State of Michigan, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, § 11. Marl. .................................................................33 Washington. § 12. Salt...................................................................34 CHAPTER IX. MINERALS OF MONROE COUNTY......34 Contents § 1. Introduction. .......................................................34 A. Carbonates:. ...........................................................34 CHAPTER VI. THE GLACIAL EPOCH IN § 2. Calcite. ...............................................................34 SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN. ........................................ 2 § 3. Aragonite............................................................35 § 4. Tufa....................................................................35 A. Rock Surface Topography:. ..................................... 2 § 5. Dolomite.............................................................35 § 1. Introduction...........................................................2 § 6. Strontianite.........................................................36 § 2. Traverse valley. ....................................................2 B. Sulphates:...............................................................36 § 3. Dundee valley.......................................................3 § 7. Celestite. ............................................................36 § 4. Sylvania valley......................................................3 § 5. Erie trough............................................................3 § 8. Gypsum..............................................................37 § 9. Anhydrite............................................................37 B. The Ice Invasion:...................................................... 3 § 10. Epsomite. .........................................................37 § 6. The early ice sheets. ............................................3 C. Chlorides:................................................................37 § 7. The Wisconsin ice sheet.......................................4 § 11. Halite................................................................37 § 8. Rock scorings.......................................................5 C. Lacustrine stages:.................................................... 6 D. Sulphur and Sulphides:. .........................................38 § 9. Introduction...........................................................6 § 12. Sulphur.............................................................38 § 10. Lake Maumee.....................................................7 § 13. Pyrite and marcasite. .......................................38 a. Van Wert stage....................................................7 E. Oxides:....................................................................39 b. Leipsic stage. ......................................................8 § 14. Bog iron ore (limonite)......................................39 § 11. Lake Whittlesey. .................................................8 § 15. Crystallized quartz............................................39 § 12. Arkona beach. ....................................................9 § 16. Chert. ...............................................................40 § 13. Lake Warren.....................................................10 F. Phosphates:. ...........................................................40 a. Forest stage. .....................................................10 § 17. Apatite..............................................................40 b. Grassmere stage...............................................10 G. Hydrocarbons:. .......................................................40 § 14. Lake Erie. .........................................................11 § 18. Asphaltum. .......................................................40 § 15. Recent submergence. ......................................12 § 19. Key to minerals. ...............................................40 D. Post-Glacial Warping:. ........................................... 13 § 16. Recent production of stony ridge......................13 CHAPTER X. FOSSILS OF MONROE COUNTY. .........41 § 1. General nature of fossils. ...................................41 CHAPTER VII. SOILS AND SUBSOILS. ...................... 13 § 2. Conditions of preservation..................................41 A. Nature, Origin and Varieties:.................................. 13 § 3. Fossils of the Monroe beds. ...............................42 § 1. Preglacial soils. ..................................................13 § 4. Fossils of the Dundee formation.........................43 § 2. Glacial subsoils. .................................................14 Volume VII, Part I -- Chapters 6-10 – Page 1 of 44 List of Illustrations CHAPTER VI. THE GLACIAL EPOCH IN SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN. Plates Plate XII. View of Stony Point looking northeastward toward A. Rock Surface Topography. Point aux Peaux. Observe the ice polished and battered condition of the rock in the foreground .............................5 § 1. Introduction. Plate XIII. Roadway through one of the Monroe nurseries, No satisfactory knowledge of the peculiar topography, showing a typical wave washed flat................................10 the nature and distribution of the soils of the county, can be had except through an understanding of the recent Plate XIV. Outcrops of the “Monroe Beds” at Point aux Peaux, geological history of the region. Between the formation Lake Erie.. ......................................................................12 of the strata which have been described and the series Plate XV. Map, contours showing depth of drift, oil and gas of events about to be presented in this chapter, a very and artesian belts, etc., also indicated............................31 long period intervened. During this time the land had Plate XVI. Site of “Shawnee Spring” near Monroe. The arisen from its long immersion in the sea and was extensive mound built up by the spring is but faintly probably not again submerged for any great length of shown in the field beyond the picket fence .....................33 time. It was acted upon by the meteorological and chemical agencies which operate to produce soil, the Plate XVII. Waterlime Fossils, reprinted form Annals N. Y. Acad. Sciences, Vol. V, Pl. V, Ohio Geol. Survey, Second removal of which by erosion gradually brought the rock Ann. Report and Vol. VII, Plate I.....................................44 surface to a lower level. Broad, shallow valleys were cut across the county in a general northeasterly direction, which with their low, narrow divides characterize an Figures aged river system. It is quite probable that tongues of Figure 4. View of the government canal, near Monroe, ice moved along these valleys at times and somewhat opening into Lake Erie. The view gives one an idea of the modified their form, although their general direction does inundated "drowned" appearance near their mouths of all
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