Security Council Distr.: General 17 October 2012
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Idleb Governorate, December 2017 OVERALL FINDINGS1
Idleb Governorate, December 2017 Humanitarian Situation Overview in Syria (HSOS) OVERALL FINDINGS1 Coverage Syria’s north-western Idleb hosts the second largest IDP population after Rural Damascus. Of the communities assessed, 19 reported that members of the pre-conflict population left in December due to an Dana escalation of conflict. A majority of these communities are located in the southern subdistricts of Ma’arrat TURKEY Harim An Nu’man and Tamanaah. Nine of the communities assessed in Idleb had no pre-conflict population Qourqeena remaining on the last day of December. Most of these communities are also located in Tamanaah and Salqin Ma’arrat An Nu’man subdistricts. These communities have not been assessed for a majority of indicators Kafr Takharim displayed in these factsheets. Only one community witnessed spontaneous refugee returns in December, 2 Armanaz Maaret Arshani (Idleb subdistrict), where refugees returned from Turkey to reunite with their families . IDPs were Tamsrin Teftnaz ALEPPO present in 135 out of the 143 assessed communities, with 11 communities reporting the presence of over Darkosh Bennsh 10,000 IDPs. Dana (50,000), Idleb (45,750) and Ma’arrat Tamasrin (35,500) reported the largest estimated Janudiyeh Idleb IDP numbers, and all but 2 of these communities, Maar Tahroma and Ma’arrat An Nu’man, reported new Sarmin Mhambal arrivals in December. Despite large IDP numbers within Idleb, all but three communities reported that IDPs Badama Jisr Ash Saraqab lived in independent or shared houses or apartments. For more detailed information about displacement Shugur Ariha patterns in Idleb governorate in December, please refer to the REACH Syria IDP Situation Monitoring Abul Thohur Initiative. -
I. Turkish Gendarmerie Fires Directly at Asylum-Seekers
Casualties on the Syrian Border continue to fall by the www.stj-sy.org Turkish Gendarmerie Casualties on the Syrian Border Continue to Fall by the Turkish Gendarmerie At least 12 asylum-seekers (men and women) killed and others injured by the Turkish Gendarmerie in July, August, September and October 2019 Page | 2 Casualties on the Syrian Border continue to fall by the www.stj-sy.org Turkish Gendarmerie At least, 12 men and women shot dead by the Turkish border guards (Gendarmerie) while attempting to access into Turkey illegally during July, August, September and October 2019. Turkey continues violating its international obligations, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights, by firing live bullets, beating, abusing and insulting asylum-seekers on the Syria-Turkey border. These violations have not ceased, despite dozens of appeals and many human rights reports that documented these acts since the outset of the asylum process to Turkey in 2012.1 According to victims’ relatives and witnesses who managed to access into Turkey, the Gendarmerie forces always fire live bullets on asylum-seekers and beats, tortures, insults, and uses those they caught in forced labor, and deport them back to Syria. STJ recommends that the Turkish government and the international community need to take serious steps that reduce violations against asylum seekers fleeing death, as violence and military operations continue to threaten Syrians and push them to search for a safe place to save their lives, knowing that Turkey has closed its borders with Syria since mid- August 2015, after the International Federation concluded a controversial immigration deal with Turkey that would prevent the flow of refugees to Europe.2 For the present report, STJ meets a medical worker and an asylum seeker tortured by the Turkish Gendarmerie as well as three relatives of victims who have been recently shot dead by Turkish border guards. -
THE PUBLIC MONETARY AUTHORITY in NORTHWEST SYRIA Flash Report 10 July 2020 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
THE PUBLIC MONETARY AUTHORITY IN NORTHWEST SYRIA Flash report 10 July 2020 KEY DEVELOPMENTS The Public Monetary Authority (PMA) is a rebranding of the Hay’at Tahrir Al-Sham (HTS)'s General Institution for Cash Management and Customer Protection (CMCP) which was established in May 2017. The PMA imposed a mandatory registration on currency exchange and hawala companies and classified them into three main categories depending on the size of their financial capital. The PMA has the right to supervise, monitor, and inspect monetary transactions, data, records and documents of licensed companies to ensure compliance with the PMA’s regulations, during the validity period of the license, or even if the license was terminated or revoked. Licensed companies must provide the PMA with a monthly report detailing incoming and outcoming financial remittances and must maintain financial liquidity ranging from 25% to 50% of the company's financial value in US dollars at the PMA custody at all times. Financial transfers made in Turkish lira will include the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG), as the currency will be brought in from the SSG's Sham Bank. This is not the case of financial transfers made in other currencies including the US dollar. The intervention of the PMA in hawala networks has profound implications for humanitarian organizations operating in northwestern Syria, however hawala agents, particularly in medium to large agencies, can reject the PMA's monitoring and control requirements. INTRODUCTION constant price fluctuation", according to interviews To mitigate the impact of the rapid and continuous published on local media agencies. collapse of the Syrian pound, which exceeded 3,000 SYP per USD in early July 2020, local authorities in Local authorities however have not explained the northwest Syria have decided instead to trade political aspect of this shift with regards to its effect using the Turkish lira. -
QRCS Delivers Medical Aid to Hospitals in Aleppo, Idlib
QRCS Delivers Medical Aid to Hospitals in Aleppo, Idlib May 3rd, 2016 ― Doha: Qatar Red Crescent Society (QRCS) is proceeding with its support of the medical sector in Syria, by providing medications, medical equipment, and fuel to help health facilities absorb the increasing numbers of injuries, amid deteriorating health conditions countrywide due to the conflict. Lately, QRCS personnel in Syria procured 30,960 liters of fuel to operate power generators at the surgical hospital in Aqrabat, Idlib countryside. These $17,956 supplies will serve the town's 100,000 population and 70,000 internally displaced people (IDPs). In coordination with the Health Directorate in Idlib, QRCS is operating and supporting the hospital with fuel, medications, medical consumables, and operational costs. Working with a capacity of 60 beds and four operating rooms, the hospital is specialized in orthopedics and reconstructive procedures, in addition to general medicine and dermatology clinics. In western Aleppo countryside, QRCS personnel delivered medical consumables and serums worth $2,365 to the health center of Kafarnaha, to help reduce the pressure on the center's resources, as it is located near to the clash frontlines. Earlier, a needs assessment was done to identify the workload and shortfalls, and accordingly, the needed types of supplies were provided to serve around 1,500 patients from the local community and IDPs. In relation to its $200,000 immediate relief intervention launched last week, QRCS is providing medical supplies, fuel, and food aid; operating AlSakhour health center for 100,000 beneficiaries in Aleppo City, at a cost of $185,000; securing strategic medical stock for the Health Directorate; providing the municipal council with six water tankers to deliver drinking water to 350,000 inhabitants at a cost of $250,000; arranging for more five tankers at a cost of $500,000; providing 1,850 medical kits, 28,000 liters of fuel, and water purification pills; and supplying $80,000 worth of food aid. -
201705 CCCM Cluster ISIMM May FINAL.Xlsx
CCCM Cluster_ IDPs Sites Integrated Monitoring Matrix (ISIMM), May 2017 PCODES Camp/ Settlement Details # of IDPs in May 2017 Sectoral Analysis Protection Sanitation Education Health** Removal Shelter Waste Water Food PCODE PCODE PCODE PCODE PCODE Type of Total IDPs in GBV MA NFI Admin1 Admin2 Admin3 Admin4 Camps CP No. Gov. District Sub District Community Cluster Name Location Name Location Name_AR Location* Girls Boys Women Men May IS 640 605 560 420 2,225 100% 90% 90% 80% 80% 100% Yes Yes Yes No MC Yes روبار SY02 SY0203 SY020300 C1371 CP000002 Aleppo Afrin Afrin Baselhaya Afrin Roubar Camp 1 TC 2189 1938 1396 1198 6721 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes No No No MC الحرمين (SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000007 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Harameen (and extensions 2 IS 2420 2491 1588 1294 7793 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes Yes Yes No الريان SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000290 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Rayan 3 PC 2,895 2,721 3,142 2,701 11,459 100% 100% 50% 50% 100% 100% No No No No MC Yes الرسالة (العرموطة) (SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000278 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Resalah (Al Armuda 4 IS 2494 2294 1802 1600 8190 10% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes No Yes No باب اﻻيمان SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000003 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Bab Al Iman 5 IS 2316 2396 1959 1762 8433 41% 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes Yes Yes No باب النور SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000004 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Bab Al Noor 6 IS 1955 1424 1060 1081 5520 80% 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes No No No شمارين ( ضاحية الشھداء , القطري) (SY02 SY0204 SY020400 -
201703 CCCM Cluster ISIMM Mar Draft Consolidated.Xlsx
CCCM Cluster_ IDPs Sites Integrated Monitoring Matrix (ISIMM), March 2017 PCODES Camp/ Settlement Details # of IDPs in March 2017 Sectoral Analysis Protection Sanitation Education Health** Removal Shelter Waste Water Food PCODE PCODE PCODE PCODE PCODE Type of Total IDPs GBV NFI Admin1 Admin2 Admin3 Admin4 Camps CP No. Gov. District Sub District Community Cluster Name Location Name Location* Girls Boys Women Men in Mar. 1 SY02 SY0203 SY020300 C1371 CP000002 Aleppo Afrin Afrin Baselhaya Afrin Roubar Camp IS 767 652 572 437 2,428 100% 100% 100% 50% 70% 60% Yes Yes No MC Yes 2 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000007 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Harameen (and extensions) TC 2,234 2,016 1,586 1,364 7,200 100% Yes No No MC 3 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000290 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Rayan IS 2,420 2,491 1,588 1,294 7,793 100% 100% 100% 100% Yes No Yes 4 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000278 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Al Resalah (Al Armuda) IS 2,895 2,721 3,141 2,700 11,457 100% 100% 50% 50% 100% 10% No No No MC Yes 5 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000003 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Bab Al Iman IS 2,876 2,622 1,692 1,270 8,460 58% Yes No Yes 6 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000004 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Bab Al Noor IS 2,496 2,583 2,112 1,899 9,090 41% 100% 100% 100% Yes No No 7 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1566 CP000009 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shamarin Azaz Shamarin (Dhahiat Al‐Shuhada, Qatari) IS 1,930 1,405 1,046 1,067 5,448 80% 100% 100% 100% Yes No No 8 SY02 SY0204 SY020400 C1557 CP000364 Aleppo A'zaz A'zaz Shmarekh Azaz -
Control of Terrain in Syria: February 9, 2015
Control of Terrain in Syria: February 9, 2015 Ain-Diwar Ayn al-Arab Bab al-Salama Qamishli Harem Jarablus Ras al-Ayn Yarubiya Salqin Azaz Tal Abyad Bab al-Hawa Manbij Darkush al-Bab Jisr ash-Shughour Aleppo Hasakah Idlib Kuweiris Airbase Kasab Saraqib ash-Shadadi Ariha Jabal al-Zawiyah Maskana ar-Raqqa Ma’arat al-Nu’man Latakia Khan Sheikhoun Mahardeh Morek Markadeh Hama Deir ez-Zour Tartous Homs S y r i a al-Mayadin Dabussiya Palmyra Tal Kalakh Jussiyeh Abu Kamal Zabadani Yabrud Key Regime Controlled Jdaidet-Yabus ISIS Controlled Damascus al-Tanf Quneitra Rebels Controlled as-Suwayda JN Controlled Deraa Nassib JN Stronghold Jizzah Kurdish Controlled Contested Areas ISW is watching Changes since last Control Map by ISW Syria Team YPG forces have taken Ayn al-Arab/Kobani from ISIS and swept outward to clear the surrounding countryside. The YPG continues to pursue ISIS as part of the “Euphrates Volcano Operations Room,” along with three Aleppo-based rebel groups. These groups claim to have seized over 100 villages from ISIS control. YPG and rebel forces seized the Qarah Qawzaq bridge on February 7 and appear to be mobilizing for an oensive against Manbij. ISIS forces are reportedly conducting “tactical withdrawals” from al-Bab, amidst rumors of ISIS attempts to hand over its bases to the Aleppo Sala Jihadist coalition Jabhat Ansar al-Din. ISW is placing watches on both Manbij and al-Bab as ISIS forces regroup and the Euphrates Volcano Operations Room continues to advance. Meanwhile, Hezbollah forces have mobilized in the vicinity of the besieged JN and rebel enclave of Zabadani, northwest of Damascus city near the Lebanese border, amidst an increased regime barrel bomb campaign against the town. -
A Study of the Levantine Agricultural Economy (1St-8Th C. AD)
Society and economy in marginal zones: a study of the Levantine agricultural economy (1st-8th c. AD) Andrea Zerbini Department of Classics and Philosophy Royal Holloway University of London PhD in Classics 1 2 Abstract This thesis analyses the social and economic structures that characterised settlement in ecologically marginal regions in the Roman to early-Arab Levant (1st-8th c. AD). Findings show that, far from being self-sufficient, the economy of marginal zones relied heavily on surplus production aimed at marketing. The connection of these regions to large-scale commercial networks is also confirmed by ceramic findings. The thesis is structured in four main parts. The first outlines the main debates and research trends in the study of ancient agrarian society and economy. Part II comprises a survey of the available evidence for settlement patterns in two marginal regions of the Roman Near East: the Golan Heights, the jebel al-cArab. It also includes a small- scale test study that concentrates on the long-term development of the hinterland of Sic, a hilltop village in the jebel al-cArab, which housed one of the most important regional sanctuaries in the pre-Roman and Roman period. Parts III and IV contain the core the thesis and concentrate on the Limestone Massif of northern Syria, a region located between the cities of Antioch, Aleppo (Beroia) and Apamea. Following settlement development from the 2nd c. BC to the 12 c. AD, these sections provide a comprehensive assessment of how a village society developed out of semi-nomadic groups (largely through endogenous transformations) and was able to attain great prosperity in Late Antiquity. -
Field Developments in Idleb 51019
Field Developments in Idleb, Northern Hama Countryside, Western Situation Report and Southern Aleppo Countryside During March and April 2019 May 2019 Aleppo Countrysides During March and April 2019 the Information Management Unit 1 Field Developments in Idleb, Northern Hama Countryside, Western and Southern Aleppo Countryside During March and April 2019 The Assistance Coordination Unit (ACU) aims to strengthen the decision-making capacity of aid actors responding to the Syrian crisis. This is done through collecting, analyzing and sharing information on the humanitarian situation in Syria. To this end, the Assistance Coordination Unit through the Information Management Unit established a wide net- work of enumerators who have been recruited depending on specific criteria such as education level, association with information sources and ability to work and communicate under various conditions. IMU collects data that is difficult to reach by other active international aid actors, and pub- lishes different types of information products such as Need Assessments, Thematic Reports, Maps, Flash Reports, and Interactive Reports. 2 Field Developments in Idleb, Northern Hama Countryside, Western Situation Report and Southern Aleppo Countryside During March and April 2019 May 2019 During March and April 2019 3 Field Developments in Idleb, Northern Hama Countryside, Western and Southern Aleppo Countryside During March and April 2019 01. The Most Prominent Shelling Operations During March and April 2019, the Syrian regime and its Russian ally shelled Idleb Governorate and its adjacent countrysides of Aleppo and Hama governorates, with hundreds of air strikes, and artillery and missile shells. The regime bombed 14 medical points, including hospitals and dispensaries; five schools, including a kinder- garten; four camps for IDPs; three bakeries and two centers for civil defense, in addition to more than a dozen of shells that targeted the Civil Defense volunteers during the evacuation of the injured and the victims. -
The Latin Principality of Antioch and Its Relationship with the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, 1188-1268 Samuel James Wilson
The Latin Principality of Antioch and Its Relationship with the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, 1188-1268 Samuel James Wilson A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2016 1 Copyright Statement This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed to the owner of the Intellectual Property Rights. 2 Abstract The Latin principality of Antioch was founded during the First Crusade (1095-1099), and survived for 170 years until its destruction by the Mamluks in 1268. This thesis offers the first full assessment of the thirteenth century principality of Antioch since the publication of Claude Cahen’s La Syrie du nord à l’époque des croisades et la principauté franque d’Antioche in 1940. It examines the Latin principality from its devastation by Saladin in 1188 until the fall of Antioch eighty years later, with a particular focus on its relationship with the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia. This thesis shows how the fate of the two states was closely intertwined for much of this period. The failure of the principality to recover from the major territorial losses it suffered in 1188 can be partly explained by the threat posed by the Cilician Armenians in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. -
Shelter/NFI Cluster-Beneficiaries Reached in October 2016
Shelter/NFI Cluster X-Border Operation - Turkey Hub SouthernTurkey: Shelter/NFI cluster-beneficiaries reached in October 2016 (Sub-district level) ShelterCluster.org, Coordinating Humanitarian Shelter H! Shelter & NFI Turkey H! NFI Jarablus Jarablus Mediterranean Sea H! reached beneficiaries reached beneficiaries Suran 105,999 H! 95,054 A'zaz Suran A'zaz H! Tall Refaat Female 51% H! H! TallH! Refaat Boys 27% Mare' Turkey Mare' Girls 27% Daret Azza Turkey Dana Daret Azza Dana H! Male 49% Aleppo Jebel Saman 24% Aleppo Jebel Saman Qourqeena Women Qourqeena Atareb SalqinKafr Takharim Atareb Maaret Tamsrin Zarbah Men 22% Maaret Tamsrin Zarbah Armanaz Armanaz Bennsh H! Idleb Bennsh H! Janudiyeh Sarmin Idleb H! Janudiyeh Sarmin Badama H! Ar-Raqqa H! Saraqab H! Ar-Raqqa Jisr-Ash-Shugur Badama H!H! Ariha Saraqab Mhambal Idleb Jisr-Ash-Shugur H! Ariha H! Syria Mhambal Abul Thohur H! EhsemH! Tall Ed-daman H! Tall Ed-daman Syria H! Ma'arrat An Nu'man H!H! Al-Hasakeh H!Ehsem Idleb H!H! Al-Hasakeh H! Aleppo Ma'arrat An Nu'man H!Aleppo Mediterranean Sea Lattakia Kafr Nobol Sanjar Heish H! Ar-Raqqa H!H!H! Ar-Raqqa H! H! Kafr Nobol Sanjar H!Idleb Madiq Castle H!!Idleb Lattakia H! H Heish Lattakia H! Khan Shaykun Lattakia H! H! H!H! H!H! Madiq Castle Hama H! H! Hama Deir-ez-Zor KafrH! Zeita Deir-ez-Zor Khan Shaykun Tartous Hama Tartous Hama H! H! KafrH! Zeita Homs Homs Mediterranean Sea Tartous Tartous Mediterranean Sea DamascusRural Damascus Quneitra Damascus Rural Damascus Dar'aAs-Sweida Quneitra Dar'a As-Sweida H! HTR & Besieged communities H! HTR & Besieged -
132484385.Pdf
MAANPUOLUSTUSKORKEAKOULU VENÄJÄN OPERAATIO SYYRIASSA – TARKASTELU VENÄJÄN ILMAVOIMIEN KYVYSTÄ TUKEA MAAOPERAATIOTA Diplomityö Kapteeni Valtteri Riehunkangas Yleisesikuntaupseerikurssi 58 Maasotalinja Heinäkuu 2017 MAANPUOLUSTUSKORKEAKOULU Kurssi Linja Yleisesikuntaupseerikurssi 58 Maasotalinja Tekijä Kapteeni Valtteri Riehunkangas Tutkielman nimi VENÄJÄN OPERAATIO SYYRIASSA – TARKASTELU VENÄJÄN ILMAVOI- MIEN KYVYSTÄ TUKEA MAAOPERAATIOTA Oppiaine johon työ liittyy Säilytyspaikka Operaatiotaito ja taktiikka MPKK:n kurssikirjasto Aika Heinäkuu 2017 Tekstisivuja 137 Liitesivuja 132 TIIVISTELMÄ Venäjä suoritti lokakuussa 2015 sotilaallisen intervention Syyriaan. Venäjä tukee Presi- dentti Bašar al-Assadin hallintoa taistelussa kapinallisia ja Isisiä vastaan. Vuoden 2008 Georgian sodan jälkeen Venäjän asevoimissa aloitettiin reformi sen suorituskyvyn paran- tamiseksi. Syyrian intervention aikaan useat näistä uusista suorituskyvyistä ovat käytössä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää Venäjän ilmavoimien kyky tukea maaoperaatiota. Tutkimus toteutettiin tapaustutkimuksena. Tapauksina työssä olivat kolme Syyrian halli- tuksen toteuttamaa operaatiota, joita Venäjä suorituskyvyillään tuki. Venäjän interventiosta ei ollut saatavilla opinnäytetöitä tai kirjallisuutta. Tästä johtuen tutkimuksessa käytettiin lähdemateriaalina sosiaaliseen mediaan tuotettua aineistoa sekä uutisartikkeleita. Koska sosiaalisen median käyttäjien luotettavuutta oli vaikea arvioida, tutkimuksessa käytettiin videoiden ja kuvien geopaikannusta (geolocation, geolokaatio), joka