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Daya Tarik Phi-Phi Islands Sebagai Wisata Bahari Di Thailand

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Daya Tarik Phi-Phi Islands Sebagai Wisata Bahari Di Thailand Foreign Case Study 2018 Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta Daya Tarik Phi-Phi Islands Sebagai Wisata Bahari Di Thailand Angga Hadi Saputra 152224 Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta ABSTRACT: Thailand is one of the most visited country in Southeast Asia. It is well-known by its culture, street-foods, and beautiful beaches. In Southern Thailand, there are lots of attractions to offer, especially in Phuket and Krabi. Southern Thailand has become the famous marine tourism destination. Phi-Phi Island is combination of Nature Tourism and Marine Tourism. It is surrounded by limestone cliffs and emerald crystal sea which is a perfect place fort snorkeling, diving, and sight-seeing. Tourists can explore Phi-Phi Islands by speedboat or big boat. Its beautiful view can make Phi-Phi Islands a leading tourist destionation. Keywords : Destination; Marine; Tourism. 1. Pendahuluan Tujuan Foreign Case Study Pariwisata merupakan sektor potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan khususnya bagi negara berkembang [1,2,3]. Dimana pada saat berbagai kegiatan yang terfokus pada pengembangan dan pendayagunaan sumber daya dan potensi pariwisata serta eksploitasi alam. Umumnya ketika negara-negara berkembang ini harus mengembangkan sektor perekonomiannya untuk memperoleh pendapatan negara yang lebih baik, pariwisata menjadi pilihan yang tepat dimana setiap negara akan selalu memiliki ciri khas dan daya tarik tersendiri bagi wisatawan mancanegara maupun dalam negeri. Thailand adalah negara yang berhasil mengkomunikasikan potensinya dan mengundang perhatian wisatawan untuk mengunjungi destinasi wisatanya. Kuil yang tersebar hampir di seluruh negeri, pantai yang indah dengan pasir putih, tempat belanja yang tidak pernah sepi pembeli dan wisata kuliner street-foods.Pariwisata di Thailand menjadi salah satu penyumbang utama PNB negaranya. Sebagai akibat perkembangan pariwisata yang kian meningkat, motivasi untuk berwisata menjadi lebih kuat, lebih lagi setelah ditunjang oleh kemajuan di bidang teknologi, hasrat untuk melakukan perjalanan pariwisata lebih mudah terpenuhi meski motivasi wisatawan kadangkala berbeda. Thailand (Muangthai) adalah salah satu negara yang terletak di Asia Tenggara dan termasuk anggota Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN). Pemerintahnya berbentuk kerajaan yang terdiridari 77 propinsi. Dengan jumlah penduduk 75 juta jiwa. Wilayah Thailand bagian selatan banyak dihuni oleh umat Islam. Jumlah mereka adalah 2,3juta atau sekitar 4% dari seluruh penduduk Thailand. Wilayah yang banyak dihuni umat Islam ini meliputi Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat, dan Satun. Mereka mempunyai budaya sendiri jika dibandingkan dengan penduduk Thailand di wilayah lain yang mayoritas beragama Budha. Sektor pariwisata sangat berperan penting dalam ekonomi Thailand. Selain wisata budaya di Bangkok, wisata alam dan wisata bahari di Phuket, Thailand seperti Phi-Phi Islands, Patong 1 Beach, Krabi dan masih banyak lagi yang mampu menarik banyak wisatawan. Pengelolaan pariwisata di Thailand yang efektif serta infrastruktur yang baik dapat menyelamatkan ekonomi Thailand. Foreign Case Study adalah salah satu program yang harus dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa dan mahasiswi jurusan S1 Hospitality pada Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo (STIPRAM) Yogyakarta. Kegiatan Foreign Case Study sebagai salah satu syarat kelulusan dalam menempuh jenjang Strata Satu (S1) yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan industri pariwisata dan pengelolaan pariwisata yang ada di suatu negara. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga dimaksudkan untuk membandingkan segala sesuatu yang ada di negara lain terutama Thailand dan negara kita baik dari segi regulasi, seni dan budaya, daya tarik wisata, perilaku serta gaya hidup. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya kegiatan Foreign Case Study ini penulis akan memperoleh pengalaman dan pengetahuan terhadap pengelolaan pariwisata di negara lain serta dapat membandingkan negara lain dengan negara kita sendiri. Waktu Pelaksanaan Penulis melaksanakan program Foreign Case Study dengan mengunjungi Phuket, Thailand yang dilaksanakan selama 6 hari terhitung mulai tanggal 4 April 2018 sampai tanggal 9 April yang di ikuti sekitar 13 mahasiswa serta di dampingi oleh satu dosen [4]. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan naik kereta api dari Yogyakarta ke Jakarta, kemudian dari Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Jakarta ke Phuket International Airport. Dalam kurun waktu 6 hari cukup untuk penulis melakukan observasi, interview dan dokumentasi yang wajib dituangkan dalam pembuatan jurnal ilmiah Foreign Case Study. Selama pelaksanaan kegiatan Foreign Case Study penulis mengunjungi kampus Prince of Songkhla University dan Phuket Rajabhat University juga beberapa destinasi wisata di Phuket, Thailand yakni Chalong Temple, Promthep Cape, Phi-Phi Islands, Patong Beach, Phuket Old Town, dan Chilva Market. Setelah mengunjungi Phuket, Thailand penulis dan teman-teman mengunjungi Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia dengan mengunjungi kampus East West International College dan Menara Petronas (Twin Tower). Di negara Thailand banyak terdapat destinasi wisata yang menarik untuk dikunjungi. Akan tetapi penulis secara khusus ingin membahas daya tarik wisata bahari di Phi-Phi Islands. Hal ini dikarenakan keindahan bawah laut dan sightseeing Phi-Phi Islands memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi wisatawan, terutama wisatawan mancanegara. A. Data Negara Thailand Bendera Thailand Lambang Negara Thailand Thailand adalah sebuah negara Monarki Konstitusional yang terletak di Asia Tenggara. Dengan sistem pemerintahan Monarki Konstitusional tersebut, Kepala negara Thailand adalah seorang Raja dan Kepala Pemerintahannya adalah seorang Perdana Menteri. Luas wilayah Thailand adalah sebesar 513.120 km2 dengan jumlah penduduknya adalah sebanyak 68.200.824 jiwa. Mayoritas penduduk Thailand adalah etnis Thai dan beragama Buddha. Secara astronomis, Thailand terletak di antara 5°- 21° LU dan 97°- 106° BT. Negara yang nama lokalnya disebut Mueang Thai ini secara geografis berbatasan dengan Laos dan Kamboja di sebelah Timurnya sedangkan disebelah baratnya berbatasan dengan Myanmar dan Laut Andaman. Di sebelah Selatan, Thailand berbatasan dengan Malaysia dan Teluk Siam. Sebelumnya, Negara Thailand ini dikenal juga dengan sebutan Negara Siam. 2 1. Nama Negara Tujuan : Thailand 2. Masuk Kawasan : Asia Tenggara 3. Luas Negara : 513.120 km2 4. Identitas Negara : a) IbuKota : Bangkok b) Bentuk Pemerintahan : Kerajaan c) Hari Kemerdekaan : 5 Desember 1927 d) Kepala Negara : Raja e) Kepala Pemerintahan : Perdana Menteri f) Lagu Kebangsaan : Phleng Chat Thai g) Bahasa : Bahasa Thai h) Agama Mayoritas Penduduk : Buddha i) Mata Uang : Baht (฿) ( THB ) j) Bandar Udara Internasional : Suvarnabhumi International Airport k) Jumlah Penduduk : 68.200.824 jiwa 5. Etnik Yang Berkembang Sebagian besar orang Thailand adalah anggota kelompok etnis Thai/Lao. Mereka diyakini merupakan keturunan dari orang-orang yang bermigrasi dari China selatan dan tenggara pada tahun 500-an Masehi. Ada juga orang-orang keturunan China, Melayu, Khmer (Kamboja), dan Vietnam. Sejumlah kecil kelompok etnis lain juga ada di Thailand. Bahasa resmi negara adalah bahasa Thai. Kebanyakan orang berbicara dengan dialek Bangkok. Bahasa Inggris secara luas diajarkan di sekolah dan banyak orang Thai mampu menggunakannya dengan lancar. 6. Agama Yang Berkembang Kebanyakan orang Thailand beragama Budha. Seluruh negara dihiasi dengan ribuan candi Budha yang disebut wat. Setiap laki-laki Thailand diharapkan bisa melayani di wat selama minimal tiga bulan. Setiap hari saat fajar, para biksu Budha pergi di antara orang-orang untuk menerima makanan. Pada hari-hari suci dan selama festival, orang-orang membawa makanan untuk wat. Hampir 5 persen dari populasi Thailand adalah Muslim. Agama Buddha di Thailand sebagian besar beraliran Theravada. Sekitar 94.63% dari jumlah penduduk di Thailand adalah Buddha dari aliranTheravada, meskipun Buddha Thai dipraktikan bersama dengan agama asli Tionghoa oleh TionghoaThai.Wihara-wihara Buddha di Thailand diciri-cirikandengan stupa-stupaemas yang tinggi, dan arsitektur Buddha Thailand yang mirip dengan negara-negara Asia Tenggara lainnya, khususnya Kamboja dan Laos, yang berbagi warisan sejarah dengan Kamboja. 7. Mata Pencarian Mata pencaharian penduduk Thailand adalah pertanian, kehutanan, partambangan, dan industri. Hasil pertanian yang terbesar negara tersebut adalah padi. Thailand merupakan lumbung padi di Asia Tenggara. Hasil hutan Thailand adalah kayu jati. Pertambangan Thailand menghasilkan timah dan mangan. Industri Thailand menghasilkan tekstil, semen, dan barang elektronik. Pariwisata merupakan penghasil devisa utama Thailand. 8. Pariwisata yang berkembang Pariwisata tumbuh dengan pesat dan menjadi pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cepat didunia [5,6]. Pariwisata adalah salah satu diantara cabang-cabang ekonomi utama di Kerajaan Thailand. Menurut World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), cabang pariwisata Thailand telah menyumbangkan kira-kira 19% GDP pada tahun 2012. Menurut Otoritas Pariwisata Thailand, pada tahun 2012, jumlah wisatawan mancanegara yang datang ke Thailand mencapai 23 juta orang, meningkat 19% terbanding dengan tahun 2011 dan menghasilkan sebesar USD 3 36 miliar untuk cabang industri tanpa asap ini. Untuk mencapai angka yang mengesankan ini, cabang pariwisata Thailand selalu membuat satu strategi pengembangan yang stabil, berjangka panjang serta juga membuat banyak kebijakan baru dan prioritas, membantu badan-badan perjalanan dan wisatawan mancanegara ketika datang
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