Thousands of fishing boats, boat engines and fishing gear important to local livelihoods have been replaced through various programmes. Photo shows repaired boats in the Chao Lay village of Hin Look Dieu, . Photo: UNDP PREFACE

The tragedy of the that struck ’s Andaman coast on 26 December 2004, and the devastation and misery it left in its wake, is unprecedented in recent history. This disaster also brought forth an extraordinary response. Thailand, under the strong leadership of the Royal Thai Government (RTG), provided effective, efficient and comprehensive relief and humanitarian assistance to the , as well as to the large number of foreigners affected by the disaster.

The scale of the disaster was matched by the generosity of the Thai people, who came forward to assist the victims of the tragedy in an extraordinary display of humanity. The Thai private sector and local NGOs also played a major role in the relief and recovery effort. Organizations and individuals from around the world contributed money and resources in support of Thailand’s response to the tsunami, and the world gratefully acknowledged the role of the RTG in dealing with the tragedy and its aftermath.

Given its capacity and resources, Thailand did not appeal for international financial assistance. The international community has therefore played a relatively small but strategic role in Thailand’s tsunami recovery. The United Nations Country Team (UNCT), bilateral development agencies, and international NGOs have contributed structured support to the Royal Thai Government’s recovery efforts in areas where the RTG welcomed support from international partners: providing technical support, equipment, and direct support to the affected communities.

Thailand has provided valuable lessons in dealing with the disaster, which we hope will be disseminated and shared, especially with other countries in the region, enabling them to benefit from this experience.

This report is a powerful tribute to Thailand’s effective response to the tsunami. It is also an acknowledgement of the challenges that remain in ensuring a sustainable and equitable recovery. Finally, it is a reaffirmation of the commitment of the United Nations Country Team, bilateral development agencies, and international NGOs to support the RTG in addressing the challenges in the rebuilding effort. And, as former President Bill Clinton, the Special Envoy of the UN for tsunami relief has insisted, to ensuring that the rebuilding abide by the principle of “build back better.”

Joana Merlin - Scholtes Ian C. Porter UN Resident Coordinator in Thailand Country Director, The World Bank

2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This report is a joint publication by the United Nations Country Commissioner for Human Rights (UNOHCHR), United Nations Team, with lead support from UNDP and the World Bank. Office for Project Services (UNOPS), World Food Programme (WFP), World Health Organization (WHO), and the World We are grateful to all organizations and agencies that have Bank. contributed to this report, and provided comments and guidance. This report has benefited from the reports, information Bilateral Agencies and consultations from a large number of organizations and agencies. While all efforts have been made to obtain and Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), present the contribution of all agencies to the relief and recovery Austrian Embassy, Embassy of Belgium, British Embassy, effort, it is possible that the contribution of some agencies Canadian Embassy, Canadian International Development could not be obtained or adequately shown in this report. Agency (CIDA), Royal Danish Embassy, Delegation of the We welcome any supplementary information that allows us to European Commission, French Embassy, Embassy of the more accurately reflect the contribution of the partners in Thailand’s Federal Republic of Germany, German Aid Agency for relief and recovery efforts. International Development (GTZ), Embassy of the Republic of Hungary, Embassy of Italy, Embassy of Japan, Japanese Government Agencies International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Royal Embassy, Royal Norwegian Embassy, Embassy of the Republic Thailand International Development Cooperation Agency, of Poland, Embassy of Portugal, Swedish International Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Community Organizations Develop- Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), Embassy of the ment Institute; Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives; Republic of South Africa, Embassy of Switzerland, and US Ministry of Education; Ministry of Information and Commu- Agency for International Development (USAID). nications Technology; Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Ministry of Interior; Ministry of Labour; Ministry Non Governmental Organizations of Natural Resource and Environment; Ministry of Public Health; Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Social Care, HelpAge, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Development and Human Security; Ministry of and Crescent Societies (IFRC), The World Conservation Union Sports; Office of the Prime Minister; Marketing Intelligence (IUCN), Oxfam, Plan International, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Division, Tourism Authority of Thailand. the Asia Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, Friedrich Neumann Stiftung, Save the Children Alliance, World Vision United Nations Country Team in Thailand Foundation of Thailand.

Asian Development Bank (ADB), Food and Agriculture Drafting and Research Team Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Civil Håkan Björkman (UNDP), Sirisupa Kulthanan (UNDP), Ryratana Aviation Organization (ICAO), International Finance Suwanraks (UNDP), Amanda Pitt (UNRCO), Alexandra Laddon Irving Corporation (IFC), International Labour Organization (ILO), (Georgetown University), Barbara Orlandini (UNRCO), Poonyanuch International Organization for Migration (IOM), Office for the Chockanapitaksa (WB), Patchamuthu Illangovan (WB),Tanyathon Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), Joint United Phetmanee (WB), Nat Pinnoi (WB), Sirinporn Pongsurapipat (UNDP), Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Pamornrat Tansanguanwong (WB), Waraporn Hirunwatsiri (WB), Achira Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Environment Leawphairat (WB), Kirida Bhaopichitr (WB). Programme (UNEP), United Nations Economic and Social Production Team Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP),United Nations Poonyanuch Chockanapitaksa (WB), Tanyathon Phetmanee (WB) Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Principal Writer High Commissioner for Refugees(UNHCR), United Nations Dipa Singh Bagai Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Industrial Develop- ment Organization (UNIDO), United Nations Development Fund Design and Printing for Women (UNIFEM), United Nations International Strategy Rywin Nuntarapepat for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), United Nations Office on Chutinun Mora Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Office of the United Nations High Focal Image Printing Group Co., Ltd

3 CONTENTS

Preface 2 Social Protection Measures for 29 Acknowledgements 3 Children List of Abbreviations 6 Measures for Psychosocial Support 30 Executive Summary 9 and Coping with Trauma Support to Migrant Workers 31 Part 1 Impact of the Tsunami 13 Environmental Recovery 31 I Human Impact 13 Provision of Shelter 32 Death Toll and Injuries 13 Disaster Preparedness and Early 32 Psychological Trauma 14 Warning Systems Houses 15 III Coordination Mechanisms 33 Schools 15 Government Coordination Mechanisms 33 Children 15 Coordination of International Assistance 34 Traditional Fishing Communities 15 Coordination of Forensic Operations 34 and Ethnic Groups Mechanisms for Coordination of 34 Migrant Workers 16 International Assistance II Environmental Impact 16 NGO Coordination and Networking 34 Debris and Hazardous Materials 16 IV Public Expenditure on the Tsunami 35 Coral Reefs and Marine and Coastal 16 Response Habitats V Private Sector and NGO Support 36 Salt Water Intrusion and Land Subsidence 16 VI Lessons Learnt from the Initial 36 National Park Infrastructure 17 Emergency Response III Economic Impact 18 VII Key Issues and Challenges for 37 Overall Impact in Financial Terms 18 Longer-Term Recovery Macro Economic Impact 18 1. Local Governance and Community 37 Tourism 19 Participation Fisheries 20 2. Livelihood Recovery of Poorer 38 Agriculture and Livestock 20 Communities Infrastructure 20 3. Land Rights 38 4. Housing Design – getting it right 40 Part 2 Thailand’s Response to the Tsunami 23 5. Protecting Children 41 I Emergency Response 23 6. The Rights of Migrant Workers 41 Search for Survivors 23 7. Ethnic Groups – voice and identity 41 Coping with Large Numbers of Fatalities 24 8. Environmental Rehabilitation – lost 42 Assistance to foreign tourists 24 opportunity? Relief Operations –provision of shelter, 25 9. Community-Based Disaster Preparedness 42 food, water, medical services Compensation Schemes for Victims 26 Part 3 The Contribution of International 45 II Longer Term Recovery 27 Partners Livelihoods Recovery 27 I UN Support – Emergency Phase 47 Support to Recovery of Fisheries 27 II UN Support – Longer Term Recovery 48 Support to Recovery of Small 28 III Contribution of Bilateral Partners 49 Businesses Search and Rescue 50 Support to Recovery of Tourism 28 Disaster Victim Identification 50 Social Recovery 29 Humanitarian Assistance 50

4 Reconstruction Support to Livelihoods, 50 Tables Housing, Childcare and Education 1. Affected Areas 13 Support for Environmental Rehabilitation 51 2. Death Toll 14 Support for Early Warning Systems and 51 3. Estimated Damage to the Housing 14 Disaster Preparedness Sector IV Contribution of NGOs 51 4. State of Tsunami Affected Children 15 Livelihoods 52 5. a) Damage to Natural Resources 17 Migrants and other vulnerable communities 52 b) Damage to Water Sources 17 Childcare, Education and Youth 52 6. Total Financial Impact to Tsunami 18 Housing 53 Affected Countries Environment 53 7. Impact on Livelihoods 18 Legal Aid 53 8. Tourism Earnings & Growth 19 9. Summary of Net Impact of the Tsunami 19 Annexes 55 on Thailand’s 2005 GDP Growth UN System Agencies 56 10. Damage to the Fisheries Sector 20 Bilateral Partners 81 11. Number of Tsunami-Affected People 26 International NGOs 107 Assisted by the RTG 12. Government Support to Fisheries 26 Boxes 13. Government Support to Small Businesses 27 1. An Insider’s Account of Work in the 24 14. Government Support to Unemployed 28 Morgue at Wat Yanyao Workers 2. The Relief Camp at Bang Muang 25 15. Psychological Support to Victims 31 3. Tsunami Aftermath: Shocked World 25 16. Government Agencies Responsible for 32 Bands Together House Construction 4. Trauma of Thai Child Survivors 30 17. Financial Assistance Provided to 35 5. Trauma Risk for Tsunami Survivors 30 Tsunami-Affected People by the RTG 6. Volunteers Show the Way 31 18. Financial Assistance Provided 36 7. People-to-People Support 35 19. Villages with Insecure Land Tenure by 38 8. Boat-Building Friends in the Private 36 Province Sector 20. Initial Emergency Support by the UNCT 47 9. ‘Tsunami of Mercy’ Swamps Villagers 37 in Thailand 10. Land rights – Key Concern for Longer- 39 21. Longer-Term Recovery – UNCT Strategy 49 Term Recovery in Thailand 11. Relocation to Collectively Purchased 40 Private Land 12. People’s Involvement in Designing 41 their Own Houses 13. Savants of the Engulfed by Politics 42

Figures 1. Top Ten International Partners – 46 On the cover: Perd Le-Ke Reau (Boat Launching) Ceremony marks allocations as of 1 December 2005 the one-year commemoration of post-tsunami livelihood recovery 2. Support from International Partners by 46 for the people of Lanta Island. Photo shows , Muslim and Province – allocations as of 1 December Buddhist fishermen with long-tail fishing boats adorned with bright 2005 banners in a show of unity for the future of Lanta Island. Photo: UNDP

5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank

ADPC Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre

ARC American Refugee Committee

AusAID Australian Agency for International Development

BAPPENAS Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Indonesia’s Central Planning Agency)

BOT Bank of Thailand

CIDA Canadian International Development Agency

CODI Community Organizations Development Institute

CONSRN Consortium to Restore Shattered Livelihoods in Tsunami-Devastated Nations

DAD Donor Assistance Database

DDPM Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

DNP Department of National Parks

DMCR Department of Marine and Coastal Resources

DMT Disaster Management Team

DMH Department of Mental Health

DMR Department of Mineral Resources

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DLD Department of Livestock Development

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GPP Gross Provincial Product

GTZ German Aid Agency for International Development

HREIB Human Rights Education Institution of Burma

IEC Information, Education, and Communication

IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

IOM International Organization for Migration

ILO International Labour Organization

IUCN The World Conservation Union

6 JICA Japanese International Cooperation Agency

MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs

MHC Mental Health Centre

MOAC Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives

MOE Ministry of Education

MOI Ministry of Interior

MOL Ministry of Labour

MONRE Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment

MOPH Ministry of Public Health

MOS Ministry of Social Development and Human Security

MAP Migrant Assistance Program

NDWC National Disaster Warning Centre

NESDB Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board

NGO Non Governmental Organization

NGO-COD Non Governmental Organization-Coordinating Committee on Development

OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

ONEP Office of National Resources and Environment Policies and Planning

OPM Office of Prime Minister

PAP Phuket Action Plan

PMBC Phuket Marine Biologist Centre

RTG Royal Thai Government

SAN Save Andaman Network

SAR Search and Rescue

SEM Spirit in Education Movement

Sida Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency

SME Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

TAT Tourism Authority of Thailand

TAF The Asia Foundation

7 TAG Tsunami Action Group

TTVI Thai Tsunami Victim Identification

TICA Thailand International Development Cooperation Agency

UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

UNCT United Nations Country Team

UNDAC UN Disaster and Assessment Coordination

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UNESCAP United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

UNFPA United Nations Population Fund

UNHABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme

UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund

UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women

UNISDR United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNOHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services

USAID US Agency International Development

UNRCO United Nations Resident Coordinator Office

WB World Bank

WFP World Food Programme

WHO World Health Organization

WTO World Tourism Organization

8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The tsunami that struck Thailand on 26 December 2004 was the greatest natural disaster in the country’s history. It left in its wake unprecedented damage and destruction. A year after the tsunami, this report looks at the impact of the disaster, Thailand’s response, and the role of international partners in relief and recovery efforts.

Impact

The tsunami affected six provinces along the Andaman Coast of Thailand, leaving more than 8,000 dead, a third of them foreigners. It impacted 407 villages, and completely destroyed 47, including well-known tourist destinations. Vulnerable fishing communities, ethnic groups, migrant workers and workers in the tourism industry bore the brunt of the disaster; communities were destroyed and livelihoods lost. Children suffered the loss of parents or guardians, and survivors were left to cope with the psychological trauma of the disaster. The impact on the environment included damage to coral reefs and marine and coastal habitats. The intrusion of sea water affected water quality and agricultural land. The total financial impact of the tsunami is estimated at more than USD 2 billion. This makes Thailand the second most affected country in financial terms. It is estimated that the tsunami reduced overall GDP growth by 0.4 %. The sectors most affected were tourism, fisheries and agriculture.

Thailand’s Response

It is widely acknowledged that the Royal Thai Government (RTG) led an effective emergency response to the disaster including a massive forensic operation to identify the bodies of thousands of foreign visitors and Thai citizens. The basic humanitarian needs of the affected communities were addressed within days. One of the striking features of the relief operations was the contribution of the Thai public, the Thai private sector and local NGOs. The RTG put in place special assistance programmes and compensation schemes for the victims through eight national Sub-Committees, which had provided assistance to 285,000 people by November, 2005.

The longer-term recovery of the affected communities and the local economy are now the focus of the national response. The RTG, with support from NGOs and the private sector, is assisting in the recovery of livelihoods in the fisheries, tourism, business and agricultural sectors. The RTG has put in place social protection measures for children, especially orphans, and is providing psychosocial support for survivors of the disaster. The RTG, in associa- tion with national and international technical institutions and NGOs, is working to restore the environmental damage caused by the tsunami. This includes legislation to protect and rehabilitate natural resources in the affected region. The RTG has focused considerable attention and resources on the establishment of an early warning system and putting in place a national disaster preparedness plan.

Relief and recovery operations on this unprecedented scale have called for strong and effective coordination mechanisms. The RTG, led by the Prime Minister, has been at the helm of the relief and recovery operations, coordinating the national and international effort. NGO networking and coordination has been an important feature of Thailand’s response to the disaster.

As of November 2005, the RTG has provided upwards of USD 1 billion in direct and indirect assistance to 442,460 affected people. This has been strongly reinforced by the contribution of the Thai private sector and NGOs, which can hardly be overstated.

9 The Contribution of International Partners

Given its capacity, resources and institutions, Thailand did not appeal for international financial assistance but welcomed technical support from international partners, including know-how, equipment, and direct support to the affected communities.

Financial and in-kind contributions also came from foundations, the private sector and individuals from around the world, in support of Thailand’s response to the tsunami. The United Nations Country Team, bilateral agencies, and international NGOs contributed more structured technical support, with allocations of USD 69 million for the immediate and longer-term recovery effort.

Challenges

One year after the tsunami, as Thailand moves forward to ensure sustainable recovery for the communities and areas affected by the disaster, it is faced with a number of challenges. These include the need to solve land disputes, address the housing situation, the livelihood recovery of poor and vulnerable communities, rights of migrant workers, the rights of children and long-term social protection, improved local governance and community participation, environmental rehabilitation, and community-based disaster preparedness.

It is important that Thailand adequately addresses these challenges in the rebuilding effort, and as former United States President, Bill Clinton, the Special Envoy of the UN for tsunami relief has insisted, ensures that the rebuilding abide by the principle of “build back better.”

10 Programmes have been initiated to assist almost 30,000 households reliant on the fishing industry that lost their livelihoods. 11 Photo shows the smashed fishing community of Ban Nam Khem. Photo: UNDP Programmes have been initiated to assist more than 100,000 people that lost their livelihoods in Thailand's tourism industry. Photo shows the devastated tourist paradise of Phi Phi Island. Photo: UNDP almost completely destroyed. tricts, 95tambonsand407villages, ofwhich47were population of1.9million. The tsunamiaffected 25dis- insixcoastal provinces withacombineddestruction Coast of Thailand causingunprecedented deathand from theepicentre. The waves ravaged theAndaman was felt asfaraway asAfrica, away 8,000kilometers Maldives,, SriLanka, and Thailand. impact Its waves thatdevastated theshoresofIndia, Indonesia, Sumatra,west coastofNorthern creating gianttsunami offthe 9.0ontheRichter scaleoccurred measuring natural disaster initshistory. Amassive earthquake 2004,On 26December Thailand washitby thegreatest IMPACT THE OF THE TSUNAMI PART 1 Source: DDPM website, 2005 October Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Province of International Partners Thailand’s Responseto the Tsunami &theContribution LATERONE YEAR 5 3 3 3 6 5 Number of Number Table 1: Affected Areas 14 14 19 9 9 9 scale never beforescale seenin Thailand. tsunami destroyed lives, housesandlivelihoods ona tional c Many returnedtotheirhomevillages, relying ontradi- were suddenly withoutemployment. industry the tourism 100,000 local people r even beforethetsunami. a As thousands. (coun The totalreached 8,212persons The deathtoll from thetsunamiin Thailand ran into Death Toll andInjuries orhomereached100,000. member isestimated ofpeople that wholostafamily thenumber It coast,poor and many on over 400local fishingcommunitiesalongthe Thai areas,tourist thetsunamialsohadadevastating impact But beyond theglareofmediaandaway from the tional visitorsat theheight season. ofthetourist Island waves Lak, ofKhao devastated theresorts Phi Phi screens ontelevision across theworld,Visible the and Phuket, whichwere teeming withinterna- HumanImpact I oping mechanismsintimesofhardship. The whose livelihoods dependedon struggling to to struggling esult oftsunami, over make make ends meet ting

13 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 14 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 3 2 1 Source: DDPMwebsite, 2005; October ADPCReport, August 2005 personally -inmany caseswitnessing, orcopingwith, ‘stresses.’ tragedy. tofaceanumberofpsychosocial They wereleft psychosocial problemsfor the thosewhosurvived The traumaoflivingthrough thetsunamiresultedin Psychological Trauma Source: DDPMwebsite, 2005 October although noaccurate figuresareavailable. number oftheunidentified deadcouldbemigrants, 111 identified bodieshadyet claimed. tobe Alarge underway, remainedtobeidentified, as1,247bodies and the identification andremoval s ofbodieswas from 37countries. both deadandmissing) Damage estimates -"ComprehensiveDamage from the ADPCreport Estimation ofDamageandLosses in Thailand", August 2005 International, 2005 25January Post-Tsunami Psychosocial Rapid NeedsAssessment, andPhangNgaProvinces, Ranong Thailand American RefugeeCommittee (ARC) report, 2005 October Foreigners from37countries include543Swedes, 468Germans, 158 Finns, 83Swiss, 79Norwegians, 79Britons, 69Austrians; DDP Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province 2 fromexperiencing thedisaster These came ubro osn nt Value ofdamage(USD) ofhousingunits Number 2059 1389 Thai 1 153 151 357 Destroyed As ofOctober, 2005, theprocessof 3 6 3,302 1,904 224 742 396 34 2 , including Foreigner 2436 2114 111 203 2 6 Dead Unidentified Damaged 1,504 2,448 foreigners 156 111 291 604 262 722 161 900 80 17 5395 4225 Total 159 279 721 5 6 Reconstruction 14,212,320 3,703,433 8,112,978 1,446,311 till 124,178 818,115 7,305 4344 6065 Thai 215 591 808 92 15 orphans, andtheelderly, aswere therelatives ofthe vulnerablegroupswere widows, oftheparticularly Some security. future,an uncertain andfromalostsenseofsafety and ,more ofreturningtothesea fishagain, of cases, from andtrauma fears-of came theanxiety contributed to further psychological stress. tofurther Insome contributed the deathofvillageleadersorreligious- experienced -somesurvivors structures and community onothersfor survival.to depend The to family disruption shelters; losinglivelihoods andself-reliance, andhaving rendered homelessandhavingto live intemporary members;the deathoffamilyandcommunity being Table 3: to Sector EstimatedDamage theHousing Foreigner nue Missing Injured 2392 1253 520 568 20 31 2,994,887 1,249,087 265,401 136,353 189,920 708,546 445,581 Repair 8457 1111 5597 1376 Total 112 246 15 Household Goods 3,864,134 1,102,995 2,247,383 150,962 282,445 58,437 21,914 1921 1352 Thai 245 314 1 9 3 Table 2: Death Toll Foreigner 896 363 303 230 21,071,342 11,609,447 1,158,997 5,514,974 2,174,336 448,016 165,571 Total 2817 1655 Total 608 544 M 1 9 4 10 9 8 7 6 5 UNICEFContribution to Tsunami One Year LaterReport, November 2005 ofEducation,The Ministry August 2005 Damage – estimate fromtheADPCreport “Comprehensive of DamageandLosses in Estimation Thailand,” August 2005 UNICEFContribution to Tsunami One Year LaterReport, November 2005 Development ofSocial andHumanSecurity,The Ministry September2005 Development ofSocial andHumanSecurity,The Ministry June 2005 of childrenwere backinschoolduringthefirstweek. 4,already beguntheirschoolyear onJanuary and75% 10,reopened by January 2005, having withthemajority twenty districts, were affected by thetsunami. Around 20%ofschools, 50,000childrenin serving Schools September showed 2,900personsstilllivinginshelters. were shelters, livingintemporary Six thedisaster months approximately after 7,000people the cost ofthedamage, aregiven in Table 3. Details ofdestroyed anddamagedhouses, aswell other homes. The waves destroyed 3,000homesanddamaged2,000 Thousands were rendered homelessby thetsunami. Houses symptoms. experienced thehighestincidence oftraumarelated ofthetsunami maximum damageintheaftermath from thedisaster. intheareas thatSurvivors experienced 10,000 people sufferedpsychological traumaresulting Healthestimated ofMental that The Department for theirfamilymembers. attending to missing, while withgrief anduncertainty coping being severely disrupted. trauma anchors oftheirnormal lives andcommunity devastated districts parents ortheirimmediate guardian. 1,449 orphans–children whohadlostoneorboth of thedisaster,In theaftermath Thailand wasleftwith Children 0.8 Million. wasestimatedto schoolbuildingsandfurniture atUSD Many andequipment. schoolslostfurniture Damage suffered thedeathofstudentsorteachers.Others schools were destroyed, and19more were damaged. Community OrganizationsDevelopment Institute estimates 7 Quite remarkably, however, allschoolshad the gruesome morgues taskofsearching 50,000 childrenunder 9 4 andthefiguresfor 8 Inthemost went the 6 Five 5 Traditional Fishing Communities andEthnic Groups Source: Development andHumanSecurity ofSocial Ministry Coast.havecommunities fishing and groups these While semi-permanent settlementsalongtheAndaman communities are nomadic, most are now basedin Even thoughtheir nameimpliesthat someofthese languages andcultures differ from therest of Thai society. ofpeople group whoselifestyles,are adistinctive (sometimes referred toas ‘Sea Gypsies’ orChaoLay) The , andUrak LawoiMoklen ethnicgroups the tsunami. households,by 1,000householdswere nearly affected along thecoast. theapproximately Of g 1,750sea were theethnicgroupsandfishingcommunities living Among thevulnerablegroups hardesthitbythetsunami ofthetsunami. impact support, thebruntofeconomic thesecommunitiesbore Despite relatively rapidcompensation schemesand alongtheentire coasthatcheries were washed away. nearly 7,000setsoffishinggearlost. allfish Virtually 6,000 fishingboats were damaged ordestroyed, and meet, by affected were thedisaster. particularly Nearly tsunami. Many already poor, ends strugglingtomake 400fishingcommunitiesOver were by affected the Total Other Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province Table 4: Stateof Tsunami Children Affected 10 one orbothparents Children without 1,449 287 100 195 587 136 23 13 ypsy

15 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 16 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI and theirdependents were by affected thetsunami. estimates show that at 14 13 12 11 was upon thedamageinflicted theenvironment. the greatest concerns ofthetsunami intheaftermath a uniqueandpreciousnatural resource. Thus, oneof for tourists, aprovider oflivelihoodstothousands,and coral reefs,beaches andspectacular agreat attraction The bythetsunamiwas area hometopristine affected their relatives. identify to themfromit kept goingtoofficialmortuaries and medical aid. For others, thefear was sogreat that deprivingthemofmuchneededhumanitarian further migrant community, many causing tohideorfleeinland, of arrestscreated anddeportation concern withinthe legallimbo. inaworrisome workers wereleft Instances employment papers. Without thesedocuments, migrant tsunami waves swallowed identification crucial and personal belongings, employment, andincome, the immigration status.of theiruncertain Along withtheir vulnerable because their familiesbecame particularly In theaftermath ofthedisaster, migrant and workers be muchhigher. bythetsunamimightindeed impacted the truenumber were an estimated two ormoreunregistered migrant, However, given that forregistered every migrant there most damaged: fishing, construction, andtourism. whoweremigrants This estimateisbasedonthenumberofregistered ofwhom the majority vulnerable.One ofthesegroupswasmigrant workers, victims, were itseffects magnifiedfor thosemost its between While thetsunamimadenodistinction WorkersMigrant made theirrehabilitation andrecovery complex problemsoftheirlandrights and r secure tenurehad andaccess tobasicservices. The been livingfor decadeson “public” landthey have not Department of MarineandCoastal Resources, Department ofNatural Resources andEnvironment Ministry Environment UNEPNational Rapid -Thailand, Assessment 2005 February International Organizationfor Migration Contribution to Tsunami One Year Later Report, November 2005 IOM/UNHCR/UNIFEM/WB Technical AssessmentMissionreport, 2005 20-25January IEnvironmental Impact II 12 employed that were insectors were from My were from least 7,000migrant workers much harder. anmar.Rough esettlement 11 Phang were NgaandRanong impacted. damage,suffer extensive thoughmangrove forests in The mangrove forestalongtheAndamancoastdidnot total habitat loss. caused bythetsunami, butonlyasmallareasuffered were by impacted thesiltationandsandsedimentation anddugong,threatened thegreenturtle animalslike Seagrass beds, food source animportant for many waves. coral Some headswere removed ordislocated. damaged by swept away debris from landbythe coast suffering upto 80%damage. The reefs were also by thetsunami, 13% ofthetotalreef areawas significantly impacted Similan, SurinandPhra Thong Islands. Approximately larly Phuket, from RanongtoNorthern includingthe the world's mostdiverse coral reef ecosystems,particu- The area affected bythetsunami ishometo someof Coral andCoastal Habitats andMarine Reefs tonnes. estimate for Phi Islanditselfwas30,000to 35,000 of amount theexact know to into thecoral reefs andseagrassmeadows. isdifficult It acrossthecoastal zonetothebeaches and scattered ofthereceding action waves,powerful debriswas debris andhazardousmaterials generated. the With of thebuiltupenvironment was thelargeamount of A consequence oftheextensive damageanddestruction andHazardousDebris Materials waste generated bythetsunami. contamination from sew compoundedbythepotential wasfurther quality into ground water aswell. The problem ofgroundwater by seawater. wasThere some infiltration ofseawater water wascontaminated significantly inland andsurface The tsunamifloodedcoastalareas upto3kilometers Salt Water Intrusion andLandSubsidence 13 14 withsomereefs ontheislands'western age andthelarge amountof debris -preliminary the ore DDPMreport, 2005 January Source: ore Tsunami Mitigation Centre, University, Source: Province Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi 1 rai =6.25hectares March 2005 Surface ponds Table 5b: to Damage Water Sources damage: 3,812 Substantial 32,013 damage: Minimal 2,109 rais damage: Minimal 8,591 rais damage: Minimal damage: 932rais Substantial 8,300 rais damage: Minimal 7,360 rais damage: Minimal rais damage: 2,880 Substantial 5,653 rais damage: Minimal water 102 16 82 0 1 3 0 oa Beach Coral Shallow wells 2,324 1,395 101 186 144 173 325 1,485 rais 33 rais 8 rais 230 rais 212 rais 925 rais 77 rais or wells Ground ponds water 737 147 174 145 156 82 33 rais Around 2,300 No damage 10 rais 100-200 rais 5-6 rais 1,900 rais No damage Mangrove Forest resources can be seeninthefollowingresources canbe tables. impacted. The detailsofthedamageto thesenatural ofagriculturalmately landwere 1,500hectares severely ofthesoil. andthefertility the vegetation Approxi- bytheseawater,In theareaflooded saltdepositsaffected damagetoinfrastructure. cause and whiletheydidnotcauseany casualties, theydid holes, from areas, was thetsunamiaffected reported Land subsidence, theformation ofsink inparticular also losttheirlives. totally destroyed. Three NationalPark Marine rangers lost two campwas oftheirproject staffandtheproject projects. The Turtle Conservation (Phang Project Nga) conservation foursignificantly affected seaturtle losses ofinfrastructure andequipment. The tsunamialso harm to and coastalhabitats, theirmarine suffered they and Hat Noppharat Thara (, Krabi). Besides Surin, Koh and Mu Similan Tan Korani Bok (Phang Nga), were (Ranong), LaemSon (Phuket),Sirinath Mu Koh coast, sixwere badlydamagedby thetsunami. These NationalParks Marine thefourteen ontheAndaman Of National Parks Infrastructure 90,093 rais 4,772 rais 30 rais 7,961 rais 9,726 rais 59,235 rais 8,369 rais Beach Forest Table toNatural 5a: Damage Resources Disposal/Waste 2 sites inPhuket No damage No damage No damage already fix treatment plants, water waste 2 municipal No damage No damage Waste Saline Soil AreaSaline rais about 3,957.5 soilareaSaline No damage No damage 412 rais damage about Substantial Damage 22rais 3,500 rais about 23.5rais damage Minimal (unchange)

17 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 18 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 20 19 18 17 16 15 ofthetsunamionthesesectors.negative impacts However,affected. mitigate the relief fundshelped fisheries, themainrevenue sources, were severely on people inthesix provinces astourism andfishing/ points. ofthe tsunamiwas The hardest economic impact Domestic Product (GDP)growthby 0.4percentage- about ofthetsunamireducedThe overall impact Gross Macro Economic Impact Source: DDPMwebsite, November 2005 shown inthetablebelow. excluding thedamagetohousesandresidential as areas sect ness losses) inthefisheries, livestock, agriculture andbusi- estimate ofthedamage(notincluding The primary a consequence ofthedisaster. as lossesthatareestimated damageandindirect direct notedthattheabove estimate mustbe includesbothIt tsunami in terms,compared ofthe withtheeconomicimpact infinancial Thailand country thesecond mostaffected losses, isestimated at USD2.09billion. oftheamountdamageand measured interms The ofthetsunamiin totalfinancialimpact Thailand, inFinancialOverall Impact Terms ADB, UN& WB report, “Maldives Tsunami: andRecovery,” Impact 8February 2005 ADB, UN& WB report, “ Post Tsunami Program, Recovery Preliminary DamageandNeeds Assessment,” 8March 2005 ADB, JapanBankforInternational Cooperation & World report, Bank 2005Post-Tsunami“ Program Recovery Preliminary ADPCreport, “Comprehensive EstimationofDamageandLosses in Thailand,” August 2005 BAPPENAS & Community report,The International Donor “Indonesia: Preliminary DamageandLoss Assessment,” 2005 19-20January Economic RegionalAnalysis ImpactsoftheIndianOcean oftheSocio Tsunami, August 2005 Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province Damage andNeedsAssessment,” 2005 10-28January I Economic Impact III ors standsat USD363.62million, andthis is other affected countries.other affected Fisheries (USD) 44,044,117 22,235,658 1,678,451 2,907,079 4,157,243 8,398,129 4,667,556 Livestock (USD) 15 This makes 429,158 332,617 74,242 1,054 5,931 7,393 7,919 Source: asperfootnotes 17-21 to theinitialtarget for thisyear. by around USD1.4billion, or0.8percent ofGDP, compared oftheyear,quarters tourism revenues reduced willbe slow recovery ofthetourism in thefirstthree sector year (thehightouristseasonin Thailand). Given the ofthe topickupinthelastquarter they areexpected to slowlyrecover. andthenstarted quarter However, Tourism revenues droppeddramatically inthefirst Maldives India Sri Lanka Thailand Indonesia Country Agriculture 161,314 (USD) 44,770 28,366 15,487 59,858 4,484 8,349 19 17 20 18 16 Damage andLosses (BillionUSD) aaeLse Total Losses Damage 0.57 1.00 0.48 2.92 0.3 Enterprises 308,205,908 157,197,103 85,484,535 65,343,360 Business Table 6: Total Financial Impact Table 7: onLivelihoods Impact to TsunamiCountries Affected 160,701 (USD) 20,209 0.17 0.49 0.33 1.61 1.53 Total (USD) 363,626,959 179,825,236 93,894,541 70,027,184 1,884,977 2,941,376 4,267,183 0.47 1.02 1.33 2.09 4.45 24 23 22 21 .Assumefishingrevenues arereducedby half thisyear from Assume 20,000peoplelostjobsfor 3months. Average 2. 1. Assumptions: of Bank Thailand, oftheNational andSocial Economic Office Source: above impacts. 2005,As ofOctober theRTG hadprovided been provided sofarandha Almost USD1.1billionoftsunamirelieffundshave losses adduptoroughly 0.15percent ofGDP. to thedamageto fishingboatsandhatcheries. These of income fromfishingandfisherieswere alsolostdue to bearound USD15million, aboutUSD267.8 million While thelossintourism-related income isestimated Balance ofPayments, Bankof Thailand Source: Table9 2005 (TAT), January of Thailand TourismAuthority ADPCreport, August 2005 ADPCreport, August 2005 III Netimpact - Impact II Mitigation (1+2) I Negative Impact earnings: yearon Percentage changeoftourism Tourism Earnings 2. Decline inindividual's Decline 2. Tourism Losses 1. Reconstruction &Relief Reconstruction Table of the Impact Tsunami 9: ofNet Summary from income /consumption b Bankcredits (b) Assistancefrom (a) Loss infishing/ (b) Lossintourism- (a) the damagesonfishingboats andhatcheries. income foreachisUSD243.5. Board,Development DDPM, World Bankstaffestimations p =projection e =estimated Government income fisheries related incomes on Thailand's 2005GDPGrowth 1,446,871,196 1,729,315,802 1,068,176,284 282,444,607 920,574,629 147,601,656 267,835,403 661,139,518 14,609,204 ve helped to USD 2,745 25.1 Q1 1,068,176,284 1,446,871,196 1,729,315,802 mitigate the mitigate 920,574,629 147,601,656 267,835,403 661,139,518 282,444,607 14,609,204 As %GDP 2,109 Q2 68 2004 2,374 26.5 Q3 0.4 percent ofGDP. of offset thenegative impacts add uptoaround0.6 percent of GDP. T 925.8 millionhaveto extended been households andbusinesses. Inaddition, ofUSD146.1million assistance to USD 1.4billion, Latest figures show revenue lossesfrom at tourism provinces.affected to June showed a53%dropintourist inthe arrivals on year comparisonoftourismfigures fromJanuary inthesixprovinces.25% oftotalroom capacity Year Thailand in2004. The tsunamidestroyed ordamaged provinces generated 17%oftotaltourism revenue for in pureeconomicterms, given thatthesixaffected themostaffected bythetsunami was sector The tourism Tourism magnitude is a 90% ofGPP, andKrabi andPhangNga, where the where themagnitudeofdamageandlossesequals ratio overall, butespeciallysointhecaseofPhuket, combined GrossProvincial Product (GPP), high avery region, themagnitudeisequivalent toonehalfofthe forConsidering thespatial affected theentire impact and housing. the mostaffected, follow to assets, losses, andproduction is sector thetourism impact,Considering thesectoral of damage both interms 2,829 11.9 Q4 21 24 round 70%. astherecovery in thetourismsector Table 8: Tourism Earnings &Growth 2,575 -6.2 Q1 23 ed by fisheries andaquaculture,ed byfisheries 22 2,202 4.4 Q2 the tsunamitoaround 2005 businesses. These bank loansofUSD 2,421 tsunami-affected Unit:USD Million Q3e 2 his helpedto 3,090 Q4p 9.2

19 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 20 PART 1 THE IMPACT OF THE TSUNAMI 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 million. and aquaculturesector isestimated tobeUSD138.6 ofthetsunamiinfishery the total impact estimated Thus, lossesto thedamage, onaddingtheprojected valued atUSD26million. aquaculture andto otherfishfarming, causingdamages In addition, therewas extensive damagetocage 94.5 million. were USD lossesinaquaculture production assessedat and The lossesofcatch projected sector inthefisheries DDPMreport, July2005 Source: is shown in Table 10below. The assessmentofthedamagetofisheriessector coastal areas provinces. ofthetsunamiaffected the livelihood oflargenumbersfisherfolk inthe intheAndamanSea,located andconsequently affected and gearaswell asto theaquacultureinfrastructure The heavy damagetofishingboats tsunamicaused Fisheries tourism isapproximately sector USD1.8billion. estimated atUSD340.9million, losses tothedamagesustainedby infrastructure tourism anticipated.than slowerbeen has these adding When ADPCreport, August2005 DDPMreport, July2005 DLD/MOAC, 2005 January ADPCreport, August2005 DDPMreport, July2005 ofJointFAO/MOAC Report Detailed Technical Damagesand ADPCreport, August2005 ADPCreport, August2005 Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province 2005 in Tsunami Affected Sixprovinces in Thailand, 11-24January inFisheries andAgricultureNeedsMission assessment Sectors 26 27 Hatcheries (persons) 6,275 1,127 1,229 1,807 480 740 892 25 the impact onthe theimpact Fishing boats (boats) 5,985 1,441 1,876 1,044 817 776 31 nami. lem for by the5,000livestock affected thetsu- farmers prob- animalswas alsoacritical feed for thesurviving birdsperished.pigs and7,700poultry of The shortage which over 420cattle/buffaloes, 2,600sheep/goats/ were by affected and 521,000poultry thetsunami, of 5,000cattle/buffaloes,Over 8,600sheep/goats/pigs amountsture sector to USD2.5million. ofthetsunamionagricul- the economic impact plantations were estimated atUSD2.4million. the following two years andthecostofreinstating the on lossofstandingcrops, for inproductivity reduction of aroundUSD0.2million. tsunami. sustaineddamages sector The agriculture mately familieswere 1,200farming bythe affected was estimated andapproxi- atabout2,000hectares total agricultural by landaffected seawater intrusion trees were ofthewaves. uprooted bytheaction The also damagedoilpalmandcoconut plantationsas them through thesaltwater inthesoil. itdeposited It The tsunamiwashedaway existingcrops ordamaged Agriculture andLivestock million. of USD25.9million, andrevenue lossesofUSD20.9 systems were have estimated to sustaineddamages Electricity, water suppl or damagedby provinces. thetsunamiinsixaffected weredestroyed systems Physical and utility infrastructure Infrastructure around USD0.4million. 30 The tsunamicausedlossoflivestockestimated 32 Table 10: DamagetotheFisheries Sector Fishing gear (per person) (per 6,668 1,283 1,438 1,390 845 721 991 y, andcommunication transport 31 28 Production lossesbased Total (USD) 44,044,117 22,235,658 1,678,451 2,907,079 4,157,243 8,398,129 4,667,556 29 Thus, Loss of tourism industry livelihoods has meant the need to learn new skills. These women in Ban Talay Nok, , are generating income for their families and community through an ILO-assisted soap-making initiative. Photo: ILO Important coastal infrastructures such as roads, canals and boat piers have been rebuilt. Photo shows the rebuilding of Sriraya Pier, Lanta Island. Photo: UNDP preparedness. mental rehabilitation, disaster andcommunity-based governance andcommunity participation, environ- workers, long-termsocialprotection, improved local of poorer communities, andvulnerable rights ofmigrant addressing thehousingsituation, livelihoodrecovery of keyconcernincludetheneedfor solvinglanddisputes, recoverysustainable of af a numberoflonger-term challengestoensure the One year thetsunami, after Thailand isnowfaced with response. and communities isnow themajorfocus ofthenational economy ofthelocal and thelonger-term recovery andrehabilitationreconstruction hasbeencompleted communities were addressedwithindays. ofthe Most and Thai citizens. Basichumanitarianneedsoflocal identifying history, includingamassive for operation forensic response tothelargest naturaldisaster in Thailand's The Royal Thai Government ledaneffective emergency RESPONSE THAILAND'S TO THE PART 2 the disaster. Phase onefocused onsearch andrescue Thailand adopted athree-phaseresponsestrategy to I Emergency Response Emergency I the bodiesofthousandsforeign visitors TSUNAMI fected communities. I ssues soldiers joined in theKhaoLakareaPhang Nga. More than5,000 personnel were alsodeployed for to survivors search Thong Islandsandto otheraffected areas. Military ships for searchandrescue missionsonSurin andPhra naval baseandtheAir Coastal Defence Command sent The FleetThird stationedinPhuket, thePhangNga stationed outsidePhuketto SAR operations. support supplies.essential was carrier Royalaircraft The Navy to search for andevacuate deliver andto survivors oftheRoyalHelicopters were Navy pressedinto service and remote beaches. tour many foreign o and rescue response. The withthemassiveemergency mobilized tocope apparatusoftheRTGThe entire civilandmilitary was Search for Survivors affected. construction andlonger-term rehabilitation ofthose thetragedy;who survived andphasethreeonre- lossesamongstthose tious diseasesandsecondary of humanremains; phasetwo onpreventing infec- andtherecovery andidentification(SAR) ofsurvivors perations. Thousands ofpeople, including foremost thesearch clearly was priority 20,000 local officials andvolunteers20,000 local ists, were strandedonsmallislands

23 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 24 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI obtained from enable identification, eachcorpse to DNA samples, fingerprints, anddentalrecords were organizations bodies. for victims' helpinretrieving The Government issuedanappealto individualsand Ban Muang, also inPhang Nga. NGOs. Anothermakeshiftmorgue wassetupat Wat identify thebodies, by volunteers supported and centreheading acorpse clearing establishedthere to Porntip, theforemost forensic of specialist Thailand, into morgue, amassive makeshift withDr. Khunying transformed of Watwas temple Nga The Yanyao Phang in certificates. for thebodiesofforeigners, andtheissuingofdeath and Provincial Governors onrepatriation procedures announcedguidelinesfor the Mitigation Thai Police bodies. ofDisaster PreventionThe Department and ofDNAdatatohelpidentifythe collection thedead mobilised. Police teamswere establishedto facilitate the tsunamivictims. Sixfor forensic foreigners. The RTG launchedthemostextensive number ofdeadbodies, morethanhalfofthem An immediatewas todealwiththelarge priority Coping withtheLarge Number ofFatalities recovered thistime. fromtheseaduring wererescuedandoversurvivors 100deadbodieswere andbodies.in thesearchforsurvivors More equipment.and from Divers countrseveral boats, deployments withspecialized military Many countries sent insearchand r eration communication systemwas To information onthemissing,coordinate aspecial set uptopro and repatriated. Twenty four hourcallcentres were including foreign needingto tourists be evacuated assistance to set upcrisiscentres provincial at hallstoprovide city Phuket. Immediately thereafter, provinces alltheaffected The government setupacrisiscoordination centre in assistance intheSARoperations. tion system. Thai volunteers provided extraordinary ployed satellite vehicles to t Army andprivate in therescueo centres inPhuket, KrabiandPhang Nga. operation toidentifythebodies of inhistory vide information onthedeadandmissing. the thousands of victims andtheirfamilies,the thousandsofvictims peration in the affected provinces.peration intheaffected The elecommunication enterprises de- ensic teamswere immediately support thecommunica- support set upto linkrelief op- escue workers, and helicopters ies assisted than 2,900 1,247 bodies stillremainedto beidentified. 2005; identifiedby October 4,148 bodieshadbeen relatives tofacilitate identification. microchips inabout1,000bodiespendingclaimby tohelpidentifythem.victims even Authorities in website available to make DNAinformation on and Communication Technology alsosetup an fromcorpses.that collected ofInformation The Ministry lished to ofDNAfrom enablematching relatives with them. ADNA searchandmatching centre wasestab- accessories, etc., rela sothat including records condition ofthebodies' anddescriptions, for eachforeign tourist, The RTG assistance provided ofUSD 243 emergency incasetheyneededassistanceto return home. airfare to overstay asaresultofthedisaster andpaidtourists' waived feesfor foreigners visa extension whoneeded families andfriendskilled, injuredormissing. The RTG halls toassisttheforeigners to arriving checkontheir Immigration Bureaualsosetupcentr lost alltheirbelongings, includingtheirpassports. The home,to return whohad helpingthousandsoftourists had assistedalmost5,000victims, mostlyforeigners, Within 10days ofthedisaster theImmigration Bureau Assistance toForeign Tourists but youaccepted ourstrangerequests notto." the victims. Cremating themwould have beeneasier, that youputat thedisposalof for theexpertise Thai friends, for your politeness and andhumanity at Wat Yanyao saidonleaving "We thankyou, our alongsideonidentification ofbodies who worked human. very they remained oneforeign As volunteer the victims. tragedy Inthemidstofthisenormous to expresshow for deepwas(sorry) theirrespect withfolded hands)andsaying"Khaw respect Thot" corpseswere a"Wai" stilltouching onlyafter (paying tification ofbodies. After several days ofwork they tirelessly onthedifficulttaskofiden- who worked struck.Tributes that the wavesThai people thekiller showedafter highlyofthecompassionandhospitality spoke Many thedisaster foreign touristswhosurvived Insider'sAccount An of Work inthe Box 1 Source: The Nation, 2005 15January Morgue atWat Yanyao were also paid to manypaid to Thai volunteers as wellaccommodation, tives checkandclaim could es at airport arrival es atairport tsunami official stalled shelters were halls, setupintown schools, centres. provincialrescue crowdedinto they Temporary The thousands ofpeoplehomeless; tsunamihadleft to communities. ofpublicdonations affected the delivery The CrossThai Red played roleincoordinating acritical were areas. reliefsuppliestotheaffected madetoreach providing donating clothing, bloodandbottled water and generouslywithreliefsupplies,public contributed volunteers inproviding relief. emergency The Thai of efforts of thereliefoperationswasextensive Thai and healthservices. features Oneofthemoststriking response, to haveacknowledged ledaneffective emergency Despite thescale ofthedisaster, theRTG iswidely medical services Relief Operations-provision ofshelter, food, water, relatives couldclaimtherecovered items. belongings of touri The RTG alsosetupawebsiteshowingdetailsof and provided ofUSD243to eachoftheinjured. assistance incurred bytheforeign tourists whosustainedinjuries ofPublic Healthcovered expenses Ministry themedical for theforeign touristswhodiedinthetragedy. The in search oftheirrelatives, as well asfuneralexpenses expenses by incurred foreigners whocame to Thailand 2005 million food andtransport. Emergency assistanceofUSD 1.84 33 DDPMreport, 2005 October Source: HousingbyPeople inAsia, NewsletterofAsianCoalition for 16, HousingRights Number August 2005 care ofthingsthemselves.taking getinto on theday'scommittees achance modeof theactive work……helping thesurvivors report to ofcamp evening managementtoevery to makeannouncements aspects discusspractical andtogive the people, registration houseconstruction. ofnewcomers and temporary Camp-wide meetingswere held were setuptomanagecooking, camphygiene, water supply, medical care, visitors, children'sactivities, lost organizers fromCODI to andNGOs worked withthetsunamisurvivors organize thecamp. Committees unusual was that where over 2000peoplediedand1,300houseswere destroyed. camp What madetheBangMuang provided shelterto850families(3,500 people), mostfrom nearbyBanNam Kem, Thailand's worst-hit village, One ofthelargestcampswasoneatBangMuang Relief The Muang Camp atBang Box 2 33 . of TourismThe Ministry arrangedto cover the had been givenhad been 3,607tourists by to October including promptprovision ofreliefsupplies meals atcrisiscentres. efforts Extensive sts whodiedinthetsunamisothat the tsunami victims themselves managedit.the tsunamivictims Community Planning Network leadersand .for400,planned eventually originally Thoughcamp the loss oflife waslimitedasaresultoftheeffective emergency thedisaster, after epidemics reported andsecondary Public Healthat thisstage. There was nooutbreak of of hepatitis were oftheMinistry themainpriorities of dysentery, diarrhea, typhoid, and foodpoisoning the spreadofcommunicablediseasesandoutbreaks formedical response areas. theaffected Preventing health services, andemergency epidemicsurveillance Permanent tocoordinateled by theDeputy Secretary inPhuket try ofPublic setupacommandcentre Health systemsand diseasesurveillance inplace. The Minis- water beingdistributed, children beingimmunized The healthsystem responded effectively, withclean whoimmediately moveddoctors to areas. theaffected ofPublic Healthmobilized morethan200 The Ministry by organizationsThai community andvolunteers. offices Source: The Nation, 29December 2005 even internet services. care, food, transportation, and longdistance calls took shelter andreceived freemedical countries in , from 25 more than600survivors camps suchastheoneat Thammasat University volunteers at relief c and Scores ofstudentsworked asinterpreters World Shocked Aftermath: Tsunami Box 3 and onvacant lands, many organised andrun Bands Together amps forforeign tourists. At

25 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 26 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 35 34 Source: DDPMwebsite, 2005 October procure essentialtoolsorequipment for reclaiming In addition, USD243wasprovided to to eachvictim funeral expenses. injuries. A pr the disaster, andUSD49eachfor thosewithminor injuries,critical USD243eachfor personsdisabledby injured, paying USD730eachforthosewhosustained their lives. ofInterior compensated the The Ministry forthosewholost each waspaidascompensation the familyandprincipal breadwinner; USD365 to eachfamilywhichsuffered thelossofhead ofInterior paidcompensation ofUSD974 The Ministry coordinatedvictims thissupport. (see Table 11). Sub-Committees focusing ondifferent of categories ance by theRTG uptoNovember 2005. Eight national Office, providedover been assist- 285,000peoplehad According todata available fromthePrime Minister's the disaster victims. and compensation schemestomitigate theplightof put inplace several assistance special programmes In theimmediate ofthedisaster, aftermath theRTG Compensation Schemesfor Victims items. tostopsendingrelief appealedtopeople had actually By December 312004, theGovernor ofPhangNga In general, relief supplieswere morethanadequate. victims. provided tothe health care andpsychosocialsupport Office of Prime Minister website, ofPrime Office Minister November 2005 website, ofPrime Office Minister November 2005 Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province ovision ofUSD487eachwas madefor ml ihn otLrefsigba ihn ol aceisOhr Total Others Hatcheries Fishingtools Largefishingboat Small fishingboat (persons) 7,351 1,031 1,141 2,070 1,741 852 516 4,697,769 2,078,615 1,327,365 245,364 226,592 152,262 667,571 (USD) (persons) 634 297 140 102 49 42 4 1,384,746 420,199 344,623 359,848 188,436 (USD) 64,628 7,012 (persons) 6,062 1,608 2,523 1,561 124 235 11 901,126 378,854 289,574 (USD) 79,717 58,021 91,173 as compensation. dors paid USD4perday of30days. foraperiod ven-Small for lossoflivelihoods. Those wholosttheirjobswere ofLabour(MOL)provided compensation The Ministry person for bedclothes. per schoolchildfor andUSD12 per schooluniform toilet items, USD24perpersonfor clothing, USD24 kitchenware, etc., utensils USD7per householdto obtain compensation ofUSD85toeachhouseholdforgency livelihoods. ofInterior provided emer- The Ministry Source: Office ofPrime website, Office Minister November 2005 Source: 3,786 Total Assistingtsunamiaffected students 8. Providing accommodation for tsunami 7. Assessingassistancetolargebusiness 6. Assessingassistancetosmallvendors 5. Assistingunemployed people 4. Assistingtsunamiaffected fishermen 3. people Assistingtsunamiaffected 2. Assistingforeign tourists 1. Sub-Committee on affected people affected entrepreneurs who losttheirbusinesses (persons) Table 11: of Tsunami-Affected Number People 6,025 1,656 1,037 1,526 1,184 613 Table to 12: Government Fisheries Support 9 2,938,772 262,152 960,732 410,720 907,897 392,402 (USD) 4,870 35 (persons) 34 1,911 404 824 608 46 23 6 were 832,970 126,617 484,725 174,997 (USD) 38,736 1,315 6,580 Assisted by theRTG paid USD487each (persons) 18,686 2,591 4,716 2,091 1,995 3,650 3,643 (persons) 285,328 Number 162,569 24,701 53,740 24,486 1,945 7,232 7,048 3,607 10,755,822 1,632,560 1,167,819 1,505,574 3,612,529 2,204,357 632,982 (USD) fishing gear;fishermenwereunabletogooutsea repair andrebuildfishingboatsreplacelost compensation fromtheRTGwasnotsufficientto especiallyforunregisteredboats,the In manycases, assistance ofUSD11millionby November 2005. boats orfishingequipment. The RTG hadprovided damageto wholostunregistered of theactual fishermen RTG agreedto paycompensation to equivalent 70% thousands oftheboats lostwere notregistered. The small boats andUSD5,000for thebigones. However, scheme promised wholost USD1,500for fishermen of 30,000fishinghouseholds. The RTG compensation away andgear, fishingboats and withthemthelivelihoods along Thailand's Andamancoast. The waves washed The over tsunamiaffected 400fishingcommunities toRecovery ofFisheriesSupport Livelihoods Recovery dent by affected thedisaster. 609 toeachorphanstudentandUSD365stu- ofEducation,through theMinistry whichprovided USD Compensation wasalsopaidtoteachersandstudents 39 38 37 36 DDPMwebsite, November 2005 Source: Report oftheCONSRN Report Regionalworkshop- The rehabilitationoffisheries andaquacultureincoastal communitiesoftsunamiaffe RebuildingLives, Communities the Reviving After Tsunami, SaveAndaman Network, 9month progress report, January-September, 20 organiza ofcommunity Save (SAN)isthenetwork AndamanNetwork website, ofPrime Office Minister November 2005 Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province countries inAsia, -1March2005, 28February Bangkok, Thailand Thai Foundation andtheCommunity Development Institute COD), Thai Cement Foundation asacoordination arethesecretariat unit. andserve Additionally, SANalsoworks closelywithC Queen), ArunFoundation, SanSaeng etc. SustainableDevelopment Foundation, NGO-Coordinating Committee onDevelopment (NGO- regions SlumNetwork, Foundation for Children, Thai Volunteer Service, Wildlife Fund Thailand (undertheRoyal Patronage ofH.M Dee TeeRu YuPak Tai, Rian Fouand Muang Dab Ban Projects:Dab region, Rakpaktai -Southern Institute Development Organizations of SANincludetheFederation Fisherfolk, ofSouthern NGO-Coordinating Committee onDevelopment (NGO-COD -South), Community 2004 to provide immediate andlong-term relief for thetsunami-affected communities alongtheAndaman Coast of Thailand. The m ILong TermRecovery II (persons) Support for restarting Support 5,147 3,411 businesses 640 949 96 49 2 1,427,952 36 (USD) 923,886 186,900 278,208 24,056 14,317 584 (persons) 3,411 5,065 ieiodtosOhr Total Others Livelihood tools 640 949 14 49 2 1,059,606 (USD) 737,083 124,763 185,099 tions, private sector, formed onthe28thDec andpublic sector 2,727 9,545 Network together undertheumbrellaofSaveAndaman to helpfisherfolk.Anumberoforganizationscame international agenciesandaidgroupsthatjoinedin supplemented byalargenumberofnationaland and earnalivingagain.TheeffortsoftheRTGwere for themedium-andlong-termincludedtrainingin development. sustainable developmentandhumanresource rehabintegrated enunciated threeprinciplesforrehabilitation-an at sea;andsustainablefisheriesdevelopment.Italso and fishinggrounds;damagemitigationplans;safety fishing boatsandgear;impactonnaturalresources the provisionof of thefisheriessector.Theseincluded The RTGrecognizedfivekeychallengesinrehabilitation NGOs. resource management,inclosecollaborationwith promotion ofcommunity-basedcoastalnatural for determiningtheleveloffishingcapacityand and Cooperativesonin-depthtechnicalassessment the FAOareworkingwithMinistryofAgriculture affected communities.Internationalagenciessuchas fishing geartosupportthelivelihoodrecoveryof and repairingboats,providingboatengines fishing communitiesinbuildingboatyards, Table 13: to SmallBusinesses Government Support 390 (persons) 37 andprovidedUSD1million 19 12 39 7 - - - - Thecapacitybuildingneedsidentified ilitation ilitation (USD) 8,644 5,235 3,409 - - - - plan, managementfor (persons) 5,149 3,411 640 950 96 50 2 38 tosupport 2,496,202 1,660,969 (USD) humchon 311,663 466,715 26,784 29,097 embers ember, . The cted 974 05 r

27 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 28 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 42 41 40 DDPM website, November 2005 Source: were rendered joblessbythetsunami. for who workers skills jobsandupgrading creating ofLabour providedUSD 5millionfor The Ministry million byNovember2005. to restarttheirlivelihoods,andhadprovidedUSD2.5 The RTGsupportedsmallbusinessesinorderforthem Support toRecoveryofSmallBusinesses with thisadditionalchallenge. fishing communitieshavesetuppetrolfundstocope shore cageculture. marine-based livelihoodssuchasseafarmingandoff- fishing organizations,andtraininginalternative revolving fundmanagementtrainingforvillagelevel fishing boatbuildingandrepair,microcredit unprecedented 40%, help oftheseinitiatives,fuelpriceshaverisenbyan the fishermentrytorebuildtheirlivelihoodswith RebuildingLives, Communities the Reviving After Tsunami, SaveAndaman Network, 9month progress report, January-September, 20 Bank,December, World 2005 ofJointFAO/MOAC Report Detailed Technical andNeeds AssessmentMission inFisheries andAgriculture Damages in Sectors Tsuna Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Total Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Investment project Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Job trainingproject Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Job creation project Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) transferingLabour service Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Job provision Number ofbeneficiaries Budget (USD) Employment project Affected SixProvinces in Thailand, 2005 11-24January 40 Meanwhileintheshortterm,as 41 stiflingtheirrecovery.Some 42 911,007 772,389 13,260 Krabi 87,655 46,769 2,191 6,000 1,826 6,000 800 160 300 - - 1,450,488 Phang Nga 1,261,700 136,742 21,558 46,769 10,000 1,248 2,557 2,435 9,800 160 350 - - Table toUnemployed 14:Government Workers Support 1,418,623 Phuket 718,733 643,657 16,940 52,615 6,560 1,461 5,000 1,826 5,000 and recovering the visitor flow that makesthese thevisitorflowthat and recovering jobs, re-launchingsmall tourism-related businesses assistance to PAP onthe"humanelement," focused developing destinations Plan(PAP)Action to speedrecovery intheaffected tional organizations. PhuketThe meetingproducedthe 42 countries, andseveral theprivate sector interna- convened from ameetingoftourismexperts (WTO) 2005,In February the World Tourism Organization getthetouriststo toreturnthesedestinations. infrastructure, ofthetourism rehabilitation andinitiatives sectors. oftheRTG wastherefore Akeypriority the provider oflivelihoods, intheformal andinformal both source ofrevenue andthebiggest most important destinations.tourist Tourism the intheregion was oftheworstMany in affected areas Thailand were busy toRecovery of Support Tourism 180 200 Province - - 217,674 Ranong 128,731 50,840 35,077 2,784 1,461 1,000 1,522 1,000 464 120 200 - - and torestore travellers' confidence. The unemployed workers, tourism "saving Satun 50,840 17,538 82892 1,174 1,217 1,290 464 365 500 100 60 50 - - 89,105 Trang 50,840 23,384 1,244 1,290 1,217 100 464 100 730 500 80 - - Protection and Welfare Department ofLabour Department 980,286 980,286 28,340 28,340 mi 05 ------of affected businesses.of affected and the Tsunami Fund Recovery toassisttherebuilding the disaster, andestablishedthe Tsunami SMEFund commercial bankstoassistentrepreneurs by affected and theBankof Thailand provided loansthrough soft shops. The RTG alsoapproved taxrelief tobusinesses, vacationsto take inthearea, andtoestablishduty-free encouraging civilservants andstate employees enterprise low-pricedfaresandroomrates,tourism bysupporting provinces, includingincentives to stimulate domestic 93.7 millionto revive tourisminthetsunami-affected affected areas. The Cabinet approved abudgetofUSD andincentives topackages tourism stimulate inthe sector, ofthetourism speed uptherecovery withspecial Meanwhile theRTG measures to continues tosupport habilitation process. and small ing accessto andgettingaccess tonewmarkets.services Facilitat- versifying in regaining theirlivelihoods, enhancinganddi- support economyinformal havewho lostjobsintheformal sector hadtojointhe vendor etc. -have alsobeenaffected. Many ofthose economy -themasseur, seller, handicraft beachfront related informal hoods dependentonthetourism especially insomeoftheworst areas. affected Liveli- have lost, been jobs reduced, orincomessignificantly workers intheformal -asaresult, tourismsector many lower numberoftouristarrivals iscontinuingto hurt ofthesocalled"secondwave."suffer theimpact bylihoods affected thetsunami live- ofmorethan100,000tourism affected therecovery sector The ofthetourism slower rebound thanexpected relevant stakeholders, includinglocalcommunities. systematic, transparent mannerthat involved allthe the PAP wasnotbeing followed normonitoredina economies work." There was criticism, however, that 47 46 45 44 43 strategy andnewproducts. focusing onnewmarkets and promotionbudgetfor tourism, withapost-disaster An USD19.5millionwas addedtothe marketing extra UNICEF tsunami report for UNICEFtsunamireport UNCT, November 2005 New strategy tsunami, for oftourismafter the recovery Tourism of Authority Thailand, March11, 2005 ILO Contribution to Tsunami One Year LaterReport, November 2005 Tsunami: theCountry Team (UNCT) Response Post-tsunami reconstruction andtourism: aseconddisaster, by Report Tourism Concern, 2005 October their skills, and developing newproducts businesses isalsoneededtoassistinthere- adequate financial services for micro adequate financialservices for survival. continuetoneed They 46 44 , whichcontinue to 45 The 43 full attendance by thesecondmonth. helped children copewithfear andstress, promoting andtheinvolvementwith afocusonschools ofteachers, Expansion of Protection MeasuresforChildren Social Recovery Social migrants most marginalized, includingwomen, children, longer termsustainabledevelopment, especiallythe communities, andaddress the widerissuesoftheir beyond theimmediate needsofaffected recovery togo toembrace theopportunity important willbe It ofsustainabletourism. the principles beach, andtheareas plannedandre-zoned inlinewith regulations, safety with stringent setbackfromthe amenitieswould bebuiltinaccordanceand tourist Phi Island. wasalsodecidedthatnewfacilities It redeveloping thehardesthitareasofKhaoLakand reviving Pat and development inthearea included oftourism in thetsunami-affected region. The measuresfor recovery oversee andexecute therestoration for strategy tourism to mandated was Committee The TourismRestoration to return to school two weeks after thedisaster weeks schoolto return to after two intsunami-affected areaswereof schoolchildren able at theirteacher's house. As a result more than75percent nearby schools. Inonecase, children attended school cases, were arrangements madefor childrentoattend classroomswere erected.and temporary Insome were damagedby thedisaster were urgently repaired was theirreturnto school. The buildingsthat school place. Crucialto children'spsychological well being programme putinto for 150,000childrenwas quickly extended children wholostparents were cared for bytheir these childrenwasstrong andeff national responsetoensure for adequate protection increased theirvulnerability.mechanisms Theimmediate The weakening orbreak down childprotection ofnormal protective environment for anestimated 50,000children. erosionofa The tsunamiresultedinthetemporary and minorities. families; recovery astrong psychological ong and Kamala Beaches in Phuket and BeachesinPhuket ong andKamala the psychosocial recovery programme, ective. Almostall 47 .

29 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 30 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI therapy asameanof psychosocial recovery. They are include healthcheck-ups, childdevelopment, andart to for care mothersandyoung children, whereactivities 2,182 children. hasestablished centres The Ministry theeducation care of by ofandsupporting taking of tsunamiorphansandchildren affected bythetsunami, continues to provide assistance fortherehabilitation Development ofSocial andHumanSecurity The Ministry for children. theaffected to provide advice toteachersandrelatives incaring of 500psychologists areas wasmobilisedintheaffected their psychological thetsunami. after conditions Ateam onchildren'smental healthandtoevaluate surveillance centremental healthcare wasestablishedto conduct year mentalrelief programme. In , a struck.tsunami two-a by arechildren Thesesupported those whohadpoorlivingstandardseven before the those whoseparents losttheirjobsandhomes, and by thetsunami, thosewhowitnessedthecatastrophe, children:different ofaffected types thoseorphaned (DOMH) mappedoutastrategic planfocusing onfour Following thedisaster, theMentalHealth Department building thetwo schools. theKingof Majesty Thailand donated USD767,000for the children by orphaned thetsunamidisaster.His ferredbuilt for two to specialboardingschoolsbeing they received freeun mealsandeducation of state-run orphanages or Those f notcared There wasagreat dealofconcern alsofor orphans. thiseffort. which supported UNICEF,particularly and Thai andinternational NGOs This was amajorsuccessfor theRTG anditspartners news.bbc.co.uk Source: BBCNews World Edition, 2005; 9January help." who isstillmissing, andwhoisinneedofour safe," hesaid. alsogives of usaclearer "It picture their second home. They peopleandfeel know in schoolrightnow, theirschoolislike because still gotoschool. to keepchildren "It'simportant to makesurethat alltheregion'schildren could for Krabi, saidafterthedisasterthathewanted Prajak Changreua, services ofeducation thedirector Trauma Survivors ofThaiChild Box 4 or byfamilies at boardingscho were put under thecare ols where til trans- stress ofhaving lived through thedisaster who were those to support Health launchedasustainedeffort pounded theproblem. ofMental The Department tion and life;for peopletogetbackanormal affected disrup- adults andchildren.Post-disaster trauma madeitdifficult The tsunamitragedytookapsychological tollonboth Trauma andCoping forMeasures Psychosocial with Support Ranong, PhuketandKrabi development -seven inPhang Ngaandoneeachin to establishtencentres for earlychildhoodcare and ofEducation.through theMinistry plans The Ministry the searchformissingchildren, andproviding scholarships ofchildtrafficking, theprevention - ensuring coordinating ofchildrenalso responsible andsecurity for thesafety continue withmonthlyvisitsfor two years. Relatives basis,on aweekly andtheprogramme isscheduledto for thoseinneed. Homevisitsarecurrently conducted individual andgroupcounsellingaswell asmedication covering district. eachaffected These teamsprovided psychologists, socialworkers, nurses andpharmacists teamswithpsychiatrists, mobilisedstaffresponse It 49 48 ofMental Health,The Department ofPublic Health, Ministry report, Development ofSocial andHumanSecurity 28 Ministry November 2005; www.dmh.go.th/english November 2005 Source: BBCNews World Edition, 2February 2005; news.bbc.co.uk a secondtsunami." asdevastating could be asthetsunamiitself…effects the mentalhealthfalloutofdisaster, thelong-term with thismentaltraumaandtheissuessurrounding loved ones. helptodeal "Without thenecessary oftheir an obsessionwithwaitingforthereturn affected," headdeddisplaying symptomssuchas atthesea.look significantly Another 20%were"very stress disorder, suchasbeingunabletosleepor hit areasshowedsignsofmoderate post-traumatic Department, intsunami- 30%ofpeople about saidthat Chakrabhand,Somchai headoftheMental Health Trauma for Risk Tsunami Survivors Box 5 lack ofliv affected in dealing with the trauma and indealingwiththetrauma affected elihoods andemploymentelihoods com- 48 . 49 . 51 50 provided asperthefollowing to victims table. trauma. Counselling, andtreatment drugs have been psychological educationto assistincopingwith DOMH alsoarrangedoutreach toschoolsexpand areas. tsunami survivors, intheworst affected particularly andmonitorinterventions andrehabilitation support March 2005. teams Response basedat thiscentre deliver A Mental HealthCentre Lakin was openednearKhao for follow-up intheir homeprovince. even by inprovinces thetsunami, notaffected are referred of themissingordeceasedwhoneedfollow upservices, 53 52 Basedoninformation provided Dr. by ChechindaChotiyaputta, to the IOMInterim Report WHO; 16November 2005 TAG isacoalition of Thai NGOsandMyanmar-based community Project ofcontinuous provision ofmentalintervention and DMCR, August 2005 Spirit inEducation Movement (SEM) human rightseducation committee anddevelopment andthe EducationRights Institutionof Burma (HREIB), grassroots organizations includingtheMAPfoundations, theHuman Health, ofPublic Health, Ministry 2005 January rehabilitation for tsunamivictims, ofMental theDepartment Source: Moving Beyond thetsunami, the WHO Story, WHO, 2005 response to ofhow seenasamodel a thetsunamiwas The quick, effective Thai mentalhealthresponse Volunteers Show the Way Box 6 than clinical interventions. onrather people whoneededashouldertocry a key role intherecovery processofthoseaffected were mobilisedfromallover Thailand, andplayed who needit. After thetsunami, thesevolunteers forthoseintheircommunity source ofsupport all walks oflife, times, andeveninnormal are a These volunteers -some700,000inall-arefrom are provided basictraining support. onpsychological between andthehospital. thecommunity They community, astheconduit whoseroleistoserve Volunteers-ordinary people, nominated bythe reason for thiswastheexistence of Health Village 50 should be organisedshould be and delivered. One ore The MentalHealthCentre (MHC)for Thai Tsunami Source: Comments: onepatient may receive and more thanoneservice der acoalitioncalled TsunamiGr Action based organizations have helped tsunami surviv permits. Several Thai NGOsandMyanmar community- istration ofmigrants toenablethem obtainwork labour groupsandNGOshave there-reg- supported national LabourOrganization(ILO) andIOM, employers, ofLabour,In collaboration withtheMinistry theInter- provinces. inthetsunami-affected health services migrants withhumanitarianassistanceandaccessto with NGOsandinternational organizations to provide incollaborationof Public Health (MOPH) isworking (IOM), andnational andinternational NGOs. The Ministry help from theInternational Organization for Migration amdistribution clothes andmedicinesreceived indonations for ofForeign AffairsThe Ministry (MOFA) madeavailable toMigrant Support Workers Coastal Resources (DMCR) under the Ministry of Natural of Coastal (DMCR)underthe Ministry Resources on related sectors. of MarineThe Department and alloverconservationists theworld, butalsofor itsimpact matter ofconcern notonly forenvironmentalists and communities.t was The rehabilitation ofthis area withlifeinterlinkages andlivelihoods ofaffected not onlyinthemselves oftheircritical butalsobecause naturalresourcesspectacular andecosystems, precious The areaaffected by thetsunamiishometo some Environmental Recovery mechanismsinthelongterm. delivery lic service areas,sustai into andchannel theseefforts mize overlapping approaches, activities is aneed, however, to improve coordination to mini- Total Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province Table 15: toVictims Psychological Support Disaster, November 2005 more thanonce Services No. of 18,202 1484 2600 9136 ongst themigrantcommunitieswith 3664 614 704 Psychiatric Drugs 53 4,725 2795 273 178 634 839 6 Types ofServices Counselling oup (TAG) 17,812 1364 2669 9160 3799 594 226 and coverage nable pub- Treatment Medical 51 . There ors un- 5,551 2674 hus a 1114 156 458 316 833 52

31 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 32 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI Source: Department of Social Development and ofSocial Department Welfare, Ministry Source: withothercountries intheregion. knowledge management, par centreitself asaknowledge for natural resources provinces.impacted Thailand isalso nowpositioning to rehabilitationmeasures implement plansinthetsunami- mangrove forests, suitablepoliciesand anddevising anddugongs,species suchasseaturtles preserving them inhealthy condition, ofendangered protection ofcoralsinclude regularmonitoring andmaintaining longer term, theenvironmental rehabilitationplans naturalprotect resources andtheenvironment. Inthe impact, anddevelop policiesandplanstorestore and University to evaluate different ofenvironmental aspects The closely withChulalongkorn DMCRalsoworked management. grated costallanduseplanning andforest ecosystem mangroves andothercoastal forests to assistinte- assessmenton thetechnical oftsunamiaffected these tasks. MONREcollabor University,and Kasethsart successfully undertook divers, theRoyal Navy, Pr Centre (PMBC), incollaboration withDMCR, volunteer by UNDPandUNOPS, Biologist thePhuketMarine them from sufferinglong-termdamage. Supported and therestoration ofdamagedcoral reefs to prevent ment ofdamagetocoral reefs, theremoval ofdebris, ofthedisastertask intheaftermath wastheassess- rehabilitation.and promotelongerterm The immediate and academiatoassesstheimpact, repair thedamage, tion withnational andinternational partners, volunteers (DMR), Resources ofMineral Department incollabora- ofNationalParks (DNP)andthe with theDepartment Resource andEnvironment (MONRE)worked closely Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Province of Social Development andHumanSecurity,of Social 2005 January Table 16:Government Agencies Responsible ticularly of coralticularly reefs, to Government agencies responsible Private Companies /contractors for construction ofhouses for construction National Housing AuthorityNational Housing ince of Songkla ince of Songkla Defense Ministry Army andNavy ated withFA for HouseConstruction Provincial Air ForceAir O and UNDP O and University share this regulations isacontinuing challenge. management, as well asinregardto bet beneficiaries, and buildingofhousesaccordingtotheneeds houses hadbeenbuiltby November 2005. The design who soughtgovernment assistance inhousing, 2,688 bilities ofrebuilding thehouses. For the3,361people panies andcontractors, were assignedtheresponsi- Authority, provincialgovernment, Na Defence, the military, of theMinistry ment friendly. in coastalareas; (iv)andensurethat landuseisenviron- andbuildingstobedeveloped control theinfrastructure coral damage; (iii)adopttheBuildingControl to act encroachment, deforestation, waste discharge, and that leadtoenvironmental suchasmangrove degradation shorelines; (ii)specifyregulationstoavoid any activities usedincoastalbe zones 3,000metersaway from the illegal fishinggearsuchastrawl netsandpushto affected provinces. The legislation would (i)prohibit assist intherehabilitation ofnaturalresourcesinthe theenvironmentin placelegislation and toprotect Policies andPlanning(ONEP)underMONREisputting The OfficeofNationalResources andEnvironment tion ofdamagedmangrove formations. ofdigitalmapstohelprehabilita- developing aseries restoration. The MONRE, fromUNEP, withsupport is Integrated Coastal Zone Managementandecosystem tion and integration ofenvironmental concerns inreconstruc- IUCN, byUNEPinmainstreaming supported isbeing of Technology,and Nature forFund Life World Wild The MONRE, incollaboration withtheAsianInstitute attention andresources onthe establishmentofan Since thetsunami, theRTG has focusedconsiderable Disaster Preparedness andEarly Warning Systems less by the to provide shelteragencies efforts to thosemadehome- assigned thetaskofcoordinating withvarious government was ofSocialDevelopment andHumanSecurity try were builtto families. housetheaffected The Minis- the recovery effort, shelters andpermanent temporary shelter inreliefcamps. emergency steptowards As anext houses hadbeendestroyed ordamagedwere provided As ameasureofimmediate relief, familieswhose Provision ofShelter and rehabilitation activities, aswellsupporting tsunami. of Anumber and adherenceto buildingcodesand agencies, including and private com- tional Housing ter land use, fitted withsignalreceivers. Twenty-four towers are The warningtowers RTG alsoplanstoinstallsixty-two disasters relaying criticalinformation onimpendingnatural centralized unitreceiving, monitoring, processingand (NDWC), asa which openedinMay2005to function lishment oftheNational Disaster Warning Centre One ofthekeysteps inthisinitiative wastheestab- disaster riskmanagement information. system, whichwould beanational clearing-houseof of acomprehensive andintegrated disasterdatabase awareness. DDPMhasalsoinitiated thedevelopment early warning systems, andpubliceducation opment of the enhancement management, ofemergency devel- management, by theUNDP, supported on isworking (DDPM), fordisaster theprincipalgovernment agency ofDisaster PreventionThe Department andMitigation communities. capacities oftherelevant authoritiesandvulnerable into operation, tobuild arebeingundertaken efforts technical system is b managers andoperators ofthesystem. While the post-event assessmentto provide guidance tothe measures, withafeedbackmechanismthat allows mitigation down tolocal) respondandundertake include buildingthecapacities ofinstitutions(national issuing of warnings, elements ranging fromgeophysical to observation The end-to-end system technical warning encompasses early warningsystem. ofestablishment the an sustainable, theRTG hasendeavoured to move towards warning. To makethetsunamiearlywarning system ening ofnational andregionalcapacities for early of USD10millionto contribute towards thestrength- arrangement andestablisheda Voluntary Trust Fund the establishmentofaregional warning tsunamiearly Early Warning Arrangements, theRTG advocated for on Meeting Tsunami 2005Ministerial At the29January tourists andtourismrevenues. national trav also to establish Thailand asasafe destinationfor inter- ofthe concerns andsecurity safety Thai people, but disaster preparedness plan, notonlytoaddressthe early warningsystem andputtinginplace a national and issuing public warnings insuchanevent.and issuingpublicwarnings community networks for community-based networks community ellers, andthusrestoretheconfidence of and preparednesselements that eing developed andintegrated end-to-end multi-hazard munities. istrators, teachers, fishermenandothercoastalcom- natural procedures disasterresponse forschooladmin- ofEducation haspreparedThe handbookson Ministry provinces response. totest technology andcommunity Evacuation drills have beenorganisedintheaffected year. towers byMarch next thirty-eight to ready by be year-end,expected andtheremaining Government Coordination Mechanisms at thehelmofthisoperation. mechanisms. The RTG, ledby thePrime Minister, was scale calledfor strong coordination andeffective andrescueoperationsatthisunprecedented Relief needed support atthelocal level.needed support and LineMinistries relief operation duringthefirstweekprovided much The involvement oftheRoyal Thai Armed forces inthe from thenationalbudget, generallyworked effectively. level.availableresources by system, The supported well Cross was integrated into theresponseat provincial through theNational Council. Defense The Thai Red beingbroughtMinistries into theresponseframework were created; theRoyal Thai Armed Forces andother Given thisclearlineofcontrol, noad hoc structures of thenationalresponse. Civil Defense Director, coordinated theimplementation oftheGovernor andoftheDistrict under theauthority structure, levels, replicated at provincial anddistrict Interior andtheNational CivilDefense Council. This bodies oftheadministrationthrough of theMinister ofthePrime Minister, authority direct various whodirects clear, national disastermanagementbeing underthe arrangements for disastermanagementwere relatively existence, thelegalframework and resultingstructural Even thoughnonationalpreparedness planwasin provinces.and rescuereliefoperationsinallaffected toInterior wasdirected coordinate Minister thesearch centre was immediately establishedinPhuket, andthe Phang Nga, Krabi, Phuket, and Ranong. Acoordination to beinchargeofthefour mostaffected provinces, were Prime andMinisters Ministers Deputy assigned I Coordination Mechanisms III

33 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 34 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 54 forensic operation. at inthe least20othernationalpoliceforces took part standards onrecovered bodies.used TTVI Interpol and also ensured that forensic officialsfromallagencies identification.and delicate taskofvictim The Committee between different agencies dealingwiththesensitive coordinationandresolve arising ensure better disputes Justice, Foreign Affairs andPublic Health Ministries, to representativescomprising fromthePolice, andInterior, Committee wassetupundertheInterior Minister, (TTVI) testing.Identification DNA The Thai Tsunami Victim bycation governments efforts were slowing down using itsown DNAmethods, andoverlapping identifi- the tsunamivictims. Initially, team was eachcountry caused delays ofrepatriation inthework ofbodies nation betw identification. taskofvictim painstaking Lackofcoordi- Coordination onthedifficultand issuesimpacted Coordination ofForensic Operations Coordination ofInternational Assistance andthe Development andHumanSecurity Thai Military. ofSocial housing incooperation withtheMinistry andpermanent oversee theestablishmentoftemporary and education. wasassignedto The Interior Ministry wereensuring that provided allorphans free board for rehabilitating and schools the Education Ministry businesses obtainloansfor initiatives; businessrecovery building offishingboats; for assisting theFinance Ministry forthe assistingfishermeninrepairand Thai Military water qualityandsupply; and theAgricultural Ministry Natural for Resources cleanwater sources andmonitoring repairandmaintenance;infrastructure of theMinistry beaches andstreets; thePublic Works for Department made responsible for thecleaningupofaffected work. Pro recovery for bility 2005,In January RTG agencieswere given theresponsi- tsunami earlywarning system, respectively. the recovery oflivelihoods andtheestablishment ofa - overseeing oftheenvironmental therecovery sector, bilities for were assignedresponsi-Three Prime Ministers Deputy authorities. oflocal region insupport alsodeployed staffandresourcesto the Departments Chumchon FoundationThai long-term coordination of the recovery work coordinationoftherecovery long-term een themany international forensic teams vincial governments were Mechanisms for Coordination ofInternational Assistance is stillacontinuing needformoreassistance. public, whatprogress hasbeenmadeandwherethere private sector, aswellfor membersofthegeneral for keydecisionmakersingovernment, NGOsandthe national par related projects, theirfunding, theirstatusandtheinter- to Thailand. The ofalltsunami databaseprovides arecord assistance ofUNDPto aidtracking oftsunamiassistance ofForeignwas Affairswiththe installedintheMinistry 2005,In October Assistance Database (DAD) theDonor the UNsystem, totrack andmanagedonorsupport. withtheDDPM, incollaboration recovery effort and coordinating international assistance forthelonger-term wasassignedtherole of Cooperation (TICA) Agency and lineministries. InMarch 2005, the Thai International coordination mechanisms oftheresponsible agencies were the rehabilitation efforts committee updates, andotherrelevant information. The Sub- website provided for aplatform assessmentreports, offers withgovernment needs. The UN Thailand responsibilities This process resulted inausefulmappingofroles, support agencies. tion agency; and(iii)Livelihood theleadsupport restora- as sink-holes, landslidesandsalineincursion, withFAO agency; (ii)Geophysical includingseismicactivity, hazards restoration efforts, withUNDPastheleadsupport three taskforceson(i)Coastal environmental andmarine for theCoordination ofInternational Assistance, with and UNDP, thePrime establishedaSub-committee Minister 142005,On January fromthe World withsupport Bank appointed athree-person teamtoliaisewiththeUN. tarian Coordinator. Relief ofForeign Affairs The Ministry to coordinate foreign andappointed assistance aHumani- established an"Ad Hoc Task Force on Tidal Wave Disaster" 272004,On December ofForeign Affairs theMinistry after the disaster,after theCommunity OrganizationsDevel- feature of thereliefandrecovery effort. Immediately andcoordinationNGO networking wasanimportant NGO Coordination andNetworking issues, withthe World BankandUNDPasthelead and its Task Forces dissolvedinMarch, and tners involved. identifiesandhighlights It and activities, andofmatching donor integrated into theregular NGOs for assistingtsunamivictims. set upby organizations publicandprivate and sector countlessof fundsasmoneypoured into bankaccounts toPrime thedonation coordinate Minister andlookafter The RTG setupaspecialcommittee ledby aDeputy villagesinthesixprovincesfected to121tsunami-af- already spenttoprovidesupport been tor andNGOs,has ofwhichatotal ofUSD2.2million million indonations from thepublicsector, private sec- As 2005, of30September SAN had received USD3.6 their lives andlivelihoods. in reliefandworking withpeople rebuild camps to housing the longer-term taskofsettinguptemporary in tsunami-hitvillages, and(iii)subsequentlyhelping nities; begin buildingacommon commu- data-base onaffected one for eachprovince, thedamageand to (i)survey established. teams,The networksetup sixworking Andaman Fishing Communities was Network quickly networks.agencies andcommunity The Save the andresources ofmanyskills groups, individuals, relief or organization alone, itcalledfor thecombinedsupport, was clearlybeyond thescopeofany onegovernment provinces. Sinceproviding relief quickandeffective inthetsunami-affected work jointlytoassistthevictims to seehowtheycould ofthecountry southern part works andgovernment organizations operating inthe dation opment 55 Source: website, ofPrimeOffice Minister November 2005 RebuildingLives, Communities the Reviving After Tsunami, SaveAndaman Network, 9month progress report, January-September, 20 Total 8. Assisting students tsunamiaffected 7. Providing accommodation for people tsunamiaffected 5. Assessingassistance tosmallvendors 4. Assisting unemployed people 3. Assisting fishermen tsunamiaffected 2. Assisting people tsunamiaffected 1. Assisting foreigntourists Sub-Committee on and (ii)beginproviding reliefassistancetopeople 54 metwithNGOs, civic Institute (CODI) andthe Thai Community F Table 17: Financial Assistance Provided to Tsunami-Affected People by theRTG groups, c 55 . ommunity ommunity oun- net- Fund andCentral Budget PM Office Assistance PM Office penditure, asdetailedinthetablesbelow: ex- reliefandreconstruction including emergency tothetuneofUSD1billion, to 442,460tsunamivictims As ofNovember 2005, theRTG hadprovided assistance for fiscalyear 2005 tion for HousingRightsNumber16, August 2005 Source: Housing byPeople inAsia, Newsletter ofAsian Coali- bined force. commonproblemsasacom- helped themtackle communities,new networks amongaffected and tobuild helped learning ofhorizontal this kind between tsunami-affected communities. Supporting eviction, andorganised many oftheexchange visits helped several communitiesto negotiate against houses.camp andbuildtemporary The network mobilized mentohelpsetuptheBangMuang leader, arubber farmer named Pooyai Gomet, tsunami rehabilitation. Inthefirstdays, thenetwork's insouthern active Thailand, allyin hasbeenakey The PlanningNetwork, Community whichisvery People-to-People Support Box 7 65,202,253 19,992,269 19,926,712 9,487,698 2,479,182 3,406,866 5,254,677 4,654,849 (USD) IV Public Expenditure onthe PublicExpenditure Tsunami IV Response Amount disbursed 51,414,064 12,551,605 18,954,543 9,373,697 1,158,602 3,360,540 4,177,762 1,837,315 (USD) Disbursement 79 99 47 99 80 63 95 39 % 05

35 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 36 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI in publicdonations byDecember 2005. contributions. TheRTG water, were entirelycovered by private andNGO Emergency transport, telecommunications, food andwater. be overstated. Majorareasofcontribution included both nationallyandintheaffected areas, canhardly contribution of Thai civilsociety andtheprivate sector, feature oftherelief wasastriking effort.sector The Effective andtheprivate engagement ofcivilsociety Source: DDPMreport, 2005 October of basicinfrastructure. public sector, andUSD4.1millionfor therehabilitation of bankcredit, USD39millionfor rehabilitation ofthe 920 millionto large businessenterprises intheform The RTG alsoprovided assistancetothetuneofUSD Total Bank Credit PM Office Central Budget(throughReliefSub-Committees) Source ofFund tion for HousingRights, 16, Number August 2005 Source: Housingby People inAsia, NewsletterofAsian Coali- by mid-May. in 5provinces, where 304boats repaired hadbeen 12community boatyards issupporting Michelin for communityboat yards anddecidedto help. thefishermen'sneeds learnt throughSANabout boatyards. ofthecommunity supporter They Hirunyavanich, Siam, CEO ofMichelin onecorporate assistance r to helpthetsunamivictimsand ensure the real needs. for "Ourcompany ways was looking nesses have gonealongway insolvingvillagers' Alliances communities, between NGOsandbusi- Friends Boat-Building inthe Box 8 Private andNGOSupport Sector V Private Sector Table 18: Financial Assistance Provided needs suchasthoserelated to bottled eally reached them,"saidPrayongeally reached had received USD 32million 56 (USD million) assistance provided Financial 1077.09 926.67 140.98 9.44 "unsystematic" work procedures. assets. theprovision ofboatsport andincomegenerating The private alongsideNGOsto sup- hasworked sector have providedvocational training to livelihoods.employer Business and cially asr espe- recovery thelong-term resources to thesupport private hasgenerously provided fundsand sector for effort. thereconstruction and support The Thai plained of items. com- for compensation Many ofthoselooking ofcompensationrelating to distribution andrelief was clear, problemsemerged level, atthelocal often andlineofcontrolWhile thedirection fromthetop limitations revealed be at different levels. of theoperation, itwasalmostinevitablethatcertain response.emergency However, given themagnitude thattheRTG ledaneffective iswidelyacknowledged It difficult to contributions from the private andNGOsis sector Although, thetotalvalue offinancialandin-kind 58 57 56 burden onthesystem. perienced volunteers andwell wishersaddedto the authorities. The oflarge arrival ofinex- numbers ment strain onalready over-burdened disaster manage- theseplacedaconsiderableandunnecessary Managing inappropriate international actors. However, large quantities of by mediabrought from contributions nationaland The scaleofthedisasterandattention generated outpouring ofnationalandinternational generosity. of contributions. The triggered disaster anunprecedented Another setofproblemsrelates to themanagement Bangkok Post , Bangkok 2005 2January ofMainConclusions, andSummary BasedontheReport Prime website,Office Minister December 2005 Newspaper articles from January to 2005 from June January articles Newspaper Practices in Thailand , 30-31May2005; Bangkok and Best and Learned on TsunamiLessons National Workshop ILessons Learnt fromtheInitial VI egards the provision ofhousing, theprovision egards and Emergency Response Emergency staff shortages, insufficientguidanceand estimate, ithasbeen apillarofsolidarity in-kind donations could utilized.in-kind notbe and skills upgrading.and skills 58 57 associations support would have helpful. been system, includinglocal radiooperators,communications called for improvement. Abackupemergency communication wasanother areaEmergency which response opera have beenlargely overlooked duringthetsunami groups andunregistered whomay migrant workers was requiredtoadequately addresstheneeds ofethnic trafficking, andabuse. Substantiallymoreattention children againstpossibleexposureto sexualexploitation, to vulnerable ofvulnerable groups andprotection of futuredisasters, greater attention given shouldbe lessonwasthat intheaftermath Another important hadbeentrative issuedattheoutset. instructions considerably easedthesituation ifclear-cutadminis- standing, esp alsocreatedgestures ofgenerosity room formisunder- international assistance, whilewelcoming spontaneous that theGovernmentThe fact didnotformally request unneededcontributions. or redirecting needs andtofindanacceptablemethod ofdeclining to potential providers ofassistance regarding assessed There was clearlyaneedtoimprove communication Source: The Nation, 2005 18January petition thegovernment withconcrete proposals. ofhelptheyneed,what kind whenandhow, and out province pulltogetherandwork affected of Mercy," that residents andadvised ineach a second tidalwave whichwe the"Tsunami might call University said. "The arenow locals gettinghitby Professor Puangsamlee from Mahidol Anuchart needs."do notrespond toactual "We are thankfulforalldonations, butoften supplies theentire street."almost blocking stoves800 earthen pilingupinfrontofourcentre, A relief camporganizer explained, "oneday we had 'Tsunami Swamps ofMercy' Villagers 9 Box ecially at level. thelocal would have It tion. in local administrativein local affairs. At thesametime, anew andthesignificance oftheirinvolvementtheir rights that communitiesareempowered andunderstand essential thatlocalgove To ensuresustainablerecovery from thetsunami, itis nities. trative organizations inreaching outtothesecommu- ofthepassive because oftheirlackunderstanding because governmentlocal affairseven pr In fact, thesecommunities have beenexcluded from communities suchasChao communities. Lay andMuslim recovery efforts. This inthemoremarginalized isevident administrative intsunami organizations' decisionmaking In many cases, communities arenot involved inlocal inparticipation as well asimproving consultation community and trative organizations inplanningandimplementation, hancement of being addressedbytheRTGpriority istheen- key A hood restoration andpromotion economy. ofthelocal ranging from repair to ofinfrastructure liveli- efforts, theleadinmanytake ofthetsunamirehabilitation Local administrative organizationsaremandatedto comm affected opment of sustainableandlonger-term devel-capital asameansto empowermentcommunity andstrengthen social mote togive communitiesastrongtop priority voice,pro- ofdisasterpreparedness plans.formulation isnowa It the planningofcompensation schemesandinthe have nothadenoughsayinthebuildingofhousing, in consultation andparticipation.of community People has beenhampered byaninadequate level recovery thetsunami,One year after itisnowclearthat the 1. Local Governance Participation andCommunity in thefaceofdisasters. resources andenvironment andbetterpreparedness nerable communities, managementbetter ofnatural issues oflandtenureandtitle, thespecialneedsofvul- debate.public attention andpolicy These includedthe consciousness, which, whilealways beingpresentinthepublic issuesandchallenges The tsunamiraisedcertain I Key Issues andChallenges for VII Longer-Term Recovery the technical capacity oflocaladminis- the technical capacity decision-making. had nottillthenbeenthefocus of approach adminis- ofsome local rnance becomesmoreinclusive,rnance unities. ior to the tsunami, both their rights, and

37 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 38 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI engines. ofsmall-scalefishingusingsmallboatswith viability the undermined 2005 hasfurther fuel since January To compound theproblem, of a40%riseintheprice smaller tourism businessesfinditdifficultto survive. many peopleare stilloutofwork and recovered, battle. In theworst-affected areas, tourism hasnot However, therecovery oflivelihoodsremains anuphill to credit, andtofindalternative sources ofincome. entities, thattheirburial grounds someciting thefact before titledeedswereissuedtoeitherprivate orpublic Communities claimthat theysettledonthelandlong ment and the Treasury Department, orprivate owners. ment (for mangrove areas), theNationalParks Depart- belong to publicagencies, suchastheForestry Depart- growing tourism industry. These pieces oflandeither coast, longbefore thesebecamevaluable duetothe They settledonpieces oflandalongtheAndaman own culturalheritageandself-sufficient way ofliving. Lay, Muslim, andBuddhistcommunitieswho have their from theseaformany decades. These includeChao communities, having lived andreliedonresources facinginsecure landtenurearemostlyfishing Villages real estate" alongthecoast are especiallyaffected. insecure l tsunami, 83villagesarefacingproblems related to process. the412villagesaffected by the Of recovery governments. This hasbecome anobstacleto the local communities, private developersandlocal hasledtoThe landdisputes between tsunamiimpact 3. LandRights based revolving to organise themselves, tomanagecommunity- ofvision str is notsustainable. What isneededalonger-term meet. hand-outshave Charity helpedbuttheirimpact and Chao Lay communities, stillstruggleto makeends from thedisaster.Many fishingvillages, mainlyMuslim by torecover thetsunamiandcontinue to needsupport Poorer communitieswere hardhit disproportionately 2. ofPoorer LivelihoodRecovery Communities aretakeninto account. people's needsandpriorities trative organizations needstoemerge to ensurethat between communitiesandlocal adminis- partnership and tenure.and "prime on live who groups Ethnic engthening the capacity of communities engthening thecapacity funds and cooperatives, to funds andcooperatives,to gain access hoods. houses away fromthesea, thesource oftheirliveli- inland, beingmoved further and risked tolive in settlements were totheiroriginal notallowed toreturn When thetsunamihit, many ofthesecommunities houses ancestors from two to threegenerations back. (Kubor for Muslimin thecommunity communities) Source: CODI, 2005 October Trang Satun Ranong Phuket Phang Nga Krabi Total Province Table 19: VillageswithInsecureLand Tenure Villages affected by the Tsunami 412 112 70 70 47 63 69 Insecure Land Villages with by Province Tenure 83 23 23 12 14 13 6 61 60 59 Community Organizations Development Institutewebsite, November 2005 Community Organizations Development Institute isthegovernment fundedorganization guidingthegovernment onsocialpolicy, Tsunami issue: special AsianCoalition forHousingRights, Number16, August 2005 land tenure, alleviation andpoverty been filedsincethetsunami of Phang Nga. InthevillageofBanNamKemalone, casesover morethan80court disputedlandshave destroyed by thetsunami, atleast32are now embroiledinseriouslandconflicts, abouthalfintheprovince land andwhohadtherightsto useit. Testimony tothisisprovided by thatofthe47villages thefact these communities, upandaggravated itopened anddisputes regardingownership theconflicts ofthe oflegallimbo,kind withoutpapersandclearrights. When thetsunamiwipedaway thehomesof p succeed inacquiringthistitleandhundredsof Under Thai lawsquatters canapplyforalegaltitle to a claims ofownership, illegal squatters. The t decades, typically they land being fought over or to manyernment agenciesandsubject different policies), land, someonnational park whileotherswere on some ofthesecommunities lived onpublicland(underthecontrol ofmany different ministriesandgov- development. The statusofmostthecommunitieslivingontheselandswas tobeginwith; precarious had beenlivingfor years alongtheAndamancoast, landfor tourism onwhatisprime andothercommercial even before thedisaster. The tsunamiexacerbated itby displacinganddevastating thecommunitieswho plans brought centre-stage istheissueoflandrights. One ofthemostintractable andrehabilitation andcomplexchallengesthatthetsunamireconstruction Land Rights-Key Concern forLonger-Term Recovery Box 10 velop theircommunities on pragmatic solutions to land serious c conflict finding in tool effective c 13 for issues the landright and national levels, several ofthesecaseshave nowbeenresolved. This After intense, behind-the-scenesnegotiating, involving atcommunity, avariety ofactors district, provincial 30 ofthemostcomplex cases, where land-ownership communities were conflicts. facingthemostserious by and tenure inthecommunitiesaffected situations these landconflicts. informa After gathering authorities, in private andpowerful government andpublicland-ownerswhowere parties departments level clout to negotiate would committee have solutionswithallthedistrict possible thenecessary ister, Chavalit Yongchaiyudh, which hadrisenintsunami-hitareas. c This 30-member 2005,In January high-level aspecial committee wassetupto dealwiththemoreseriouslandconflicts of proposed civicprojects, zoningplans, commercial exploitation andvested interests. go backto theiroldlands, rebuilding. andstart got intheway andprotestsThis ledto asthey bitterconflicts sites, away from thesea. Insomecases, thedisplacedcommunities decidedtosimplyleave therelief camps, large people, numberofaffected mostlyfishingcommunities, were notprepared tomove to theinland participation,sive community andthewell int original seafront locations. The RTG's todeliver effort quickreliefandrehabilitation didnotallow for exten- nities whichhadnolandownership papersortitles, inlandfromtheir onresettlement sitesabout4-5km thedisaster,Soon after theRTG ofproviding free commu- announced housingtotsunamiaffected apolicy social development, naturalresources andenvir spurious landtitlesandaplethoraofdisputes. enure situation in these villages was mired in a tangle ofenure situationinthesevillageswasmiredatangle had notitledeedsorleasecontracts, andtherefore could beconsidered by someas claimed by private businessmen. Though thesec the same land - or on land very closeby.the sameland-oronvery ommunities comprising 1,156households ommunities comprising 59 includes officialsfr . tion and studying the extremely complicated landownership tion andstudyingtheextremely ended compromisedidnotdelivertheanticipated r onment, includingCODI om all the key om allthekey eople continueto liveonwhattechnicallyl ispublic ommittee under the leadership of Deputy Prime Min- ommittee undertheleadershipofDeputy the tsunami, upwitha list of the subcommittee came Land rightshadbeenaproblem issue, albeitdormant, plot of land after 10yearsplot oflandafter ofcontinuous occupation.Few departments and ministries relating to to andministriesrelating departments ases whichallowthepeopletorede- 61. 60 . The ideawasthatonly This Committee hasbecome an Sub-Committee hasnowfinalized unclear tenure rights,unclear tenure conflicting ommunities hadlivedherefor and provincial such ahigh- esult asa and ina land,

39 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 40 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI Khao Lak, Phang Nga, located onprimerealestate Ban Tung Wah in isavillageofindigenousMoken Land SharingCompromise masterplanforand developedacollective the island. together, whattheywould to talkedabout do, like officials, businessmenandNGOs)sat local down groups (fishingcommunities, civicgroups, district UNDP, facilitated aprocessinwhichallthelocal fromthe a specialplanningteamandwithsupport disaster coastal planning process. CODI, alongwith for anunconventional ofparticipatory, kind post- in KohLanta, almostatestcase whichhasbecome administration be Hualamvillage can seeninBan district cooperativethe community throughthelocal renewableOne exampleoflongterm landleaseto District Secure Tenure with PlanninginPartnership andtie-dye batik souvenirs. for tourist furniture-making suchasecotoursandcarving, generating projects new boats andfishinggearhave setupincome volunteers from various organizations, built they of landinnearby mangroves. donationsand With to anewpiece the'userrights' buy asacollective CODI provided aninterest-free loantohelpthem the tsunamihittheirislandandrippeditinto two. Pak Triem losttheirhomesandbelongingswhen of33familiesinBanA Muslimfishingcommunity o 1Relocation to PurchasedPrivateCollectively Land Box 11 Source: HousingbyPeople inAsia, ofAsianCoalition Newsletter for HousingRights, Number16, August2005 the TsunamiLand TenureCommittee.by provided mediation, often tive land issharedby bothparties, benefit. andbothparties This hasrequiredintense negotiationsandsensi- legal securedrights, givingtherestbackto thelandownertodevelop commercially, such that thedisputed their own. This hasinvolved ofthelandfor peopletorebuildtheirhouseswith settingasidesomeportion have agreedtoshare thelandwithpeople hasbeensolved thelandconflict through"landsharing"whereIn somecases landownerswithtitle landtitlefromtheLandDepartment givenbe acommunity were destroyed, to nearbyprivate land, purchasing "userrights"to collectively publiclandtowhichtheywill ofthearea ties seenasa"feature" occupied earlier,they ofanintegrated redevelopment aspart plan, withthesetraditional fishingc individual In somecases, thecommunitieshave beenrelocated to leases atnominalrent 63 .c Incertain 62 . Inothercases, they have b ases, thecommunities have relocated from theiroldsiteswhich who have lived therefor years, andhadconsideredtheland of thesehouses. tation indesign, planning, andallotment construction aries. According tocriticstherehas beenlittleconsul- instances have found notbeen suitablebythebenefici- and conventional housedesigns, whichinseveral These housesare builtaccordingto being standardized 2,685 hadbeencompleted by November 2005 adopted atarget ofproviding 3,349houses, of which of permanent housesfor tsunamisurvivors. The RTG Another challengefacingtheRTG relates thebuilding to 4. -gettingitright Housing Design 66 65 64 63 62 for HousingRights, Number16, August2005 Source: HousingbyPeople inAsia, ofAsian Newsletter Coalition cases.land-conflict modelonhowtobecome animportant resolve totares theprovince. Inthisway, Tung Wah has andgive 2.56hectares villages would 1.6hec- keep considerable negotiations, itwasagreedthat the of 4.16hectares villageoccupied original which thetsunamiwashedaway c Ministry of Social Development andHuman Security, ofSocial Ministry 2005 November Ban Tung Wah,Nga Phang BanPak Triem,Phang Nga KlongPak Bang, Phuket Ban Ta Chatchai, Phuket nearby government landswithlong-term 64 . een allowed to rebuild on the same public land een allowed torebuildonthesamepublic 65 ompletely.The land. After ommuni- deeds 66 . 68 67 ance. children other school, andof sexualexploitation andtrafficking. An- status,in healthandnutritional ofdropping outof families exp family income. This fragile economic situationof Around 100,000peopleremainwithoutanadequate protective mechanisms-isneeded.community done. -familyand Strengthening structures oflocal for childrenwasswift, affected muchremains to be tothe immediate nationalresponse provide protection addressed.another challengethat needstobe Although ofchildren withtheincreasedvulnerability Dealing is 5.Children Protecting around Thailand. dents, from associations professors andarchitecture ments, withthehelpofarchitects, planners, designstu- developing plansforrebuildingtheirhousesandsettle- communities local international agenciesto support CODI governments, withlocal isworking NGOsand Ministry ofInterior Registration Figure Ministry for Migrants, July2004 UNICEFContribution to Tsunami One Year Later Report, November 2005 tion forHousing Rights, Number16, August 2005 Source: HousingbyPeople inAsia, Newsletter ofAsian Coali- priate, more responsive totheirrealneeds. ing itbetter, morecomprehensive, moreappro- time, involvement people's inthisplanningismak- build thesetraumatizedcommunities. At thesame to strengthentlements andre- anopportunity planning therebuilding oftheirhousesandset- theprocessof sensitive intervention ismaking els, ofrehabilitation, plans." Likeallaspects alittle formalize theirideas, ofdrawings, intheform mod- which have thetragedy, changedafter andthen them, circumstances helpadjusttheirideasto what want. thesepeople Ourroleistositwith upgrading projects, "we have tobegin by asking Ink"), ontheCODI whoisworking communities AcharnAccording Muk("Professor toarchitect People's Involvement inDesigning Box 12 67 challenge istoensurethatthemostvulnerable and w Their OwnHouses Their oses children to the risks ofdeterioration oses childrentotherisks omen benefit fromthetsunami-assist- covery efforts. covery re- oflonger-term isrequired asanintegral part support andmore by thetsunami continuetobeaconcern The healthandwellbeingofmigrantworkers affected released.bodies collaborating to to secure thebodies. NGOsare andlocal The TTVI the bodiesofdeceased migrantsandfor therelatives or lossofidentitypapersmadeitdifficultto identify the issueofmigrants'accessto basicservices. The lack areas,the affected surrounding therewassensitivity Given in thelarge numberofillegalmigrantsworking ofthedisaster.aftermath in which wasnotadequately addressed tion ofmigrant c areas. from the affected in agencies t also found Thailand loop. of Many migrantfrom labourers theNortheast status, theyfound themselves excluded from therelief ingpsychological effects. legal uncertain their to Due lost familymembers, employment andsuffered damag- for. As aresultofthetsunami, theywere displaced, are theunregistered migrants, whoarenotaccounted of which98%arefrom Myanmar. Inadditionto these by thetsunamihostapproximately 127,282migrants compounded theirproblems. The sixprovinces affected precarious even before thetsunami; thedisaster The situationofmigrant workers in Thailand was 6. ofMigrant The Rights Workers come thesechallenges. inacoordinatedmannertoover-organizations towork thus aneedfor thegovernment, NGOsandinternational development, alsoremainsakeychallenge. There is children, whowere already laggingbehindin Thailand's inthearea.workers Improving thesituationofthese islands andchildrenofthelargenumber ofmigrant families livingon includes childrenofethnicminority access tohealthservices, even before thetsunami. This areasin affected attended hadnever schoolnorhad Tsunami assessmentshave revealed that somechildren (Moken, Moklen, and Lawoi)Urak poses aparticular The rehabilitation ofcoastal-dwelling ethnic groups 7. Ethnic Groups -voice andidentity () working inthetsunami-hitareas have working (Isan) hemselves being passedover by government the aid process because theywerenot the aidprocess because find ways ofhaving theidentified ommunities r Support to therehabilita- emains achallenge the immediate 68

41 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 42 PART 2 THAILAND'S RESPONSE TO THE TSUNAMI 69 Andaman Coast. Many environmentalists, government development of the tour environmentally damaging, andat timeschaotic The tsunamihelpedtohighlighttheunsustainable, 8. Environmental Rehabilitation –lostopportunity? any numberoftsunamis.” ity onChaoLay, “threaten theirway oflife morethan ing to Fr including fromfaith-basedaidgroupscould, accord- affording accessto services. basicsocial Outsidepressures, andculturethem to while identity retaintheirdistinct sensitive andappropriate rehabilitation, whichallows What now thisvulnerablecommunity requires isculturally pressure to assimilate into mainstream Thai society. ing starkchoicesintheaftermath ofthedisaster, and of theirsettlements orlivelihoods. They are now fac- zations intheplanning been involved manyor communitiesparticipated have actively not tial differencesin tics.Given challenge dueto theiruniqueandspecialcharacteris- www.cbsnews.com/stories/60minutes; 2005 20March Source: Asia Times, 2005; 23April www.atime.com frastructure. in- oftheworking where theyhave becomepart toremainonKohSurin, also wanted theMoken Narumon, Park SurinNational theKoh authorities planto to theMoken's Surin. return backed Like aimed athelpingthesepeoplehelpthemselves, Cultural Organization's Pilot Project Andaman - of theUnitedNations Educational, Scientific and andpartner atChulalongkornUniversity Moken Park. Dr. Hinshiranan, Narumon on the anexpert land andassimilate, buthave since to returned the brokers, NGOsandpoliticians tostay onthemain- away.power by pressured themselves found They ter whentheirhomesandboats were washed Park took thedisas- refugeonthemainlandafter National livinginKoh Surin oftheMoken Some Engulfed Savants oftheSea Box 13 ench anthropologist JacquesIvanoff, anauthor- their semi- by Politics with relevant local gover culture, language, andtraditions, nomadic lifestyles andsubstan- nomadic lifestyles and sustainabledevelopment 69 ism industry alongthe ism industry nment organi- dinated over exploitation ofthisarea. Protection needstobeputinplaceprevent uncoor- and framework for Integrated Coastal Zones Management sustainable development ofthisregion. Asound framework for to theAndamanCoast the asthekey The RTG adoptingalong-term visionandplanning isnow marinehabitats. and protecting to wastemanagement, mitigationtocoastalerosion, before thetsunami, withinadequate attention given isbeingre-builttourism backintheway sector itwas mayopportunity have at l One year after thetsunami, this that someworry the environment. zone planning, andstrengthening measures toprotect togetthings right,opportunity byimproving coastal asan seethetsunamirecovery officials andexperts floods, accidents, orfires. future disasters, betheytsunami emerge moreresilient andbetterprepared incaseof munities alongtheAndaman Coast andelsewhere will systemreduction in Thailand. In theend, the com- tainable forestablishingasus- providing agood opportunity ahead Looking munities. buy-inandtrustofthecom- andhaveity thenecessary disaster preparednessplansthat are grounded inreal- andhousehold-by-household community-by-community to giveinputsandexpress theirviews. This willensure governmentleaders andlocal officials—theopportunity in orderto give everyb to work, consultation community anddialogue isessential and high-techsolutions. For warning anearly system ment andawareness asitdoesonregionalcooperation just asmuch, ifnotmore, involve- onstrongcommunity isclearthateffective tsunamiearlywarningdepends It nities andreassure that tourists visit itissafe to Thailand. warningearly system willcalm fears amonglocal commu- psychologicaldimensioninthataneffective important case ofanothertsunami. alsohaveThese efforts an topreparedness protect systemsof earlywarning andtoimprove disaster The RTG to rightly gives great thedevelopment priority 9. Community-Based DisasterPreparedness

Longer-Term Environment and Rehabilitation multi-hazard, communit ,focus the ody —villagers, community on tsunami early warning is warning on tsunamiearly east partly been missed.east partly The the coastalcommunities in s, severe weather, flash y-based disaster risk The reproductive health needs of local people and migrant workers in the affected provinces are being supported by UNFPA programmes, particularly focusing on access to information, counselling and services, and developing the capacity of health service providers and community volunteer groups. Photo: UNFPA A massive coral reef clean-up and rehabilitation effort was led by the Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, supported by UNDP and partners. Volunteer diver at Koh Similan National Park repairing fragile sea fan coral. Photo: UNDP world. It is yet too early to take stock ofthemagnitude world. totake isyettoo early It private companies, andindividualsfrom aroundthe contributions cameof financialandin-kind from charities, Thailand's response to thetsunami, andlarge amounts of was mobilizedinsupport of international solidarity countries,Like inothertsunamiaffected agreat deal communities. support, equipment, totheaffected support anddirect intheform oftechnical from international partners disaster support theGovernment muchwelcomed very assistance, butinviewofthesheermagnitude ofthe recovery. for Thailand did notappeal international financial small, butstrategicrelatively in role Thailand's tsunami on itsown, theinternational community played a torespond to anditscapacity natural disasters country Recognising Thailand's status asamiddle-income generously givingtolocalcharities. and foreign alike, victims theirtimeand volunteering themselves, doingtheirbestto helptheirfellow citizens shownby impressive thesolidarity ofallwas Thai people a quickandefficient response to thedisaster. most But from thenationalbudget, Thailand wasabletomobilize experienced staffandadequate financing emergency recognized. Withleadership, strong institutions, robust Thailand's effective response to thetsunamiiswell CONTRIBUTION THE OF PART 3 INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS cooperation in support of cooperation insupport Thailand's tsunami recovery disbursed thehighestamounts offundsfortechnical with USD23.4millionindisbursements.Agencies having managedin oftechnical support largestThailand, portion The United Nations Country Team accounts the for ar nami-affected and c ofawiderange ofgovernment -insupport projects throughby nearly200 some45international partners provided being is partners.support implementing toThis amountsUSD69millioninallocations longer-term recovery given to and support Thailand for theimmediate and isestimated thatIt value thetotal oftechnical cooperation ordination. rehabilita recovery, tomigrant workers, support environmental ing childprotection, psycho-social support, livelihood providing t theRTG's efforts, recovery to support structured more uted velopment The United Country Nations Team areas. arestillon-goingintheaffected projects many charity ofthisspontaneous formofgiving,and impact and ommunity led initiatives to r tion, disaster preparedness,co- to and support echnical support invarious sectors,echnical support includ- agencies andinternational NGOscontrib- eas ofSouthern Thailand. (UNCT), ehabilitate thetsu- bilateral de-

45 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS 46 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS Source: TICA Tsunami Development Assistance Database,2005 Source:DecemberAssistance DevelopmentTsunami TICA Database,2005 Source:DecemberAssistance DevelopmentTsunami TICA and the World HealthOrganization (USD3million). World Bank(USD4.84million), USAID(USD$3million) Development Programme (USD 6.09million), the million), World vision(USD 8.2 million), United Nations include theUnited NationsChildren's Fund (USD11.9 Figure 2: Support from International Partners by Province fromInternationalPartners Figure -allocations 2005 asof1December 2:Support 10,000,000 12,000,000 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 0 U NI C E F

W Allocaions FromTop10InternationalPartners(USD) o r ld Vi Figure 1: Top Ten -allocationsasof1December InternationalPartners 2005 si on

U ND P

W o r ld Ban k

U SA ID

W ofthepost-tsunamirecovery effort. in support for ofprojects implementation international partners The following tableshows theamountsallocated by S H wi O ss De v e lo D pm ani ent da A gency

SD E C m bassy

of I tal y

U NF PA providing support incoordinationproviding andlogistics. support response,emergency transferring fundsforrelief and United to Nationsimmediately the mobilizedsupport Affairs onthemorningof27December 2004, the Within 24hours, ofForeign after consulting withMinistry Source: UNDP, July 2005 WHO WFP UNICEF UNHCR UNFPA UNDP UNAIDS FAO UN agency I UN Support - Emergency Phase -Emergency UNSupport I • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • School attendance protected for Psychosocial forthousandsofchildren counsellingbyteams ofexperts children Essential "Facts For Life"healthandnutritioninformation distributedto Immediate contributionof UNHCR madeacontribution of 692 First-aid to distributed kits andsurvival 1,183 tal health, sanitation andwater safety, healthpromotion, outbreaks monitoring andreporting. wasrequestedin technical informationSupport andguidelinesinforensic operations, andmen- psychological ofPublic Health, totheMinistry Support inconducting than3,000vulnerablefamilies( More 11,255 and families AIDS andchildcare practices/information, such as assessment visits to andmonitoring vulnerable children support Emergency ters, includingpurificationequipment, latrines anddrainage Water supplyand sanitation upgraded for 12temporary schoolsandfor for childrenlivinginshelters, schoolrepairsandcleanupcampaigns 50,000 USD todonorcoordination ledby efforts thePM'sOffice Support Immediate contribution of100,000USD nership withOCHA relief itemsprocuredEmergency anddelivered behaviour 5,000 troop 1,420 ensure subsistence 20,000 USD Myanmar migrant workers voluntarily repatriated Myanmarmigrant workers farmers (ofatargeted1,500)and farmers fisherfolk of 10,000 affected aquaculture farmers andsmallboat aquaculture ownersreceived farmers of10,000affected inputs fisherfolk fisheries schoolchildren in767schoolsprovided withlunchsupport, across provinces thesixaffected s assisting in disaster relief receiveds assistingindisaster relief IECmaterials andcondoms, thusengaginginlower-risksexual wasdonatedinimmediate tothe support Thai Government; was contributed totheMFA tsunamiassistance fund to 15 districts for multi-sector actioninshelter, formulti-sector to15districts food, health, nutrition, education, HIV/

100,000 USD 50,000 USD Table by 20: theUNCTin InitialEmergencyThailand Support 2,000 children Emergency phaserelief Emergency 15,000 60,000 501 to Ministry ofForeignMinistry Affairsforlogistics to andcoordination to Ministry ofForeignMinistry Affairsforlogistics to andcoordination of 4,900 affected livestock of4,900affected farmersreceived inputsto agricultural to theMFA tsunamiassistance account, shelter for emergency equipment, anddrainage; latrines fromUNFPA, first-aid shelters,families in22temporary includingpurification sanitation upgr logistics from100,000 UNDP to ventions includedanimmediate contribution ofUSD Within 48hours, inter- to emergency initialsupport people)received basicrations beneficiaries through classrooms, temporary educationgrants, transport (generators,water purifiers, bags, body formalin, etc)inpart- and coordination; from UNICEF, water supplyand rapid healthandneedsassessment aded for 12 temporary schools and for andfor schools aded for temporary 12 the Ministry ofForeign Affairsforthe Ministry 2,000 families 300,000 people in 22 temporary shel- in22temporary , including50,000 2,000

47 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS 48 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS government. enhance between communities theinterface andlocal communities' capacityfor self-organization, and mobilization andempowerment,community strengthen organizationstofacilitate andcommunity-based mental tolocalgovernment support andnon-govern-direct disaster preparedness warning. andearly Secondly, rights, coastal zoneenvironmental management, and nation, liv on strategic issues related governance, tolocal coordi- and technical for cooperation Government agencies in Thailand isfocusedat levels. two Firstly, advice policy ofpartnership,In thespirit thejointUNCTengagement Andaman Coast. areasrecovery ofthetsunami-affected alongthe theRTGsupporting andlocalNGOsinthelonger-term and continues toplay, astrategic andcrucialrolein Working together, theUNCTin Thailand hasplayed, to minimize theburdenonlocalpartners. health care needs. Joint UNmissionsvisited theareas mental rehabilitation, shelter, migrant workers, and focusing protection, onsocial livelihood recovery, environ- recovery andinitiated anumberofneedsassessments Within aweek, to planfor thelonger-term theUNCTstarted to port Thailand. agencies to meetonaregularbasistocoordinate sup- Team (DMT), theHeads together bringing of UNCT Coordinator immediately setupaDisasterManagement by the UNagenciesin Thailand, theUNHumanitarian In order to ensureacoordinated andjointresponse totheUNCTandOCHA. reports initial needsassessments, andprovided dailystatus for internationalhouse function partners, undertook international support, provided aninformalclearing and assisted authoritiesinthecoordination local of weeks three for stayed team in Thailand.UNDAC The UN Resident Coordinator Coordinator andHumanitarian place inPhuket, accompanied days thefirsttwo by the nation of nation (UNDAC) missionfrom for theOffice theCoordi- Within 72hours, aUNDisaster andAssessment Coordi- MFA Tsunamishelter.AssistanceAccount, emergency for and from UNHCRacontributionof50,000USDtothe distributed to60,000beneficiaries; kits and survival II UN Support -Longer UNSupport Term Recovery II Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), Geneva was in elihood recovery,elihood socialprotection, land Thailand's longer-term recovery arethefollowing: Thematically, themainareas ofUNCTengagementin monitoring oftsunami relatedmonitoring projects. and vided ausefulplatform donor support for tracking established by thePrime Minister. Later, theDADpro- and livelihood restoration through sub-committees of environmental rehabilitation, geophysical hazards March 2005, intheareas theUNCTprovided support nation assistance, ofinternational to fromJanuary As alreadydetailedintheearlierdiscussion oncoordi- of international for the longer-term recovery. support totheRTG tocoordinate initsefforts port theinflow Throughout theyear, theUNCTprovided strategic sup- appeal deadlineof30June2006. 2006,of 2005orearly andtheremainder by theflash spenttrack bytheend andmostofthefundswillbe sources. Implementation ison offlashappealprojects through otherchannelsorfromagencies'corere- UN flashappeal,andanadditionalUSD10million To date, theUNCTmobilizedUSD30millionthrough recovery. to accessfundingmobilized globallyfor thetsunami Appeal issuedon6January, thusallowingtheUNCT proposals oftheUNFlash inthe"regionalcomponent" the RTG, theUNAgencies in Thailand includedproject areas. intheaffected NGOs working Asagreed with assistanceto governmentsand direct local andlocal the UNCTinformofstrategic technical support cial support, theGovernment from welcomed support Although Thailand didnotofficiallyappealfor finan- • • • • • Coordination ofinternational support development system warning Disaster preparedness andearly clean-up, improved coastal zonemanagement) mangrove andothercoastalforestry, coralreef Environmental rehabilitation (landsubsidence, groups, includingmigrant workers for childrenandvulnerable protection Social sectors Livelihood recovery infishing, andtourism agriculture brought allthesecountries farcloser to thetragedy from almost40countries. The lossoftheircitizens a third ofthedeadandmissing were foreign tourists borders ofthe countries directly. itaffected In Thailand, The ofthetsunamiresonated tragedy farbeyond the Source: CODI, 2005 October 1. Mechanisms and capacity oftheGovernment andcapacity tocoordinate Mechanisms publicandprivate 1. E. Coordination ofinternational support integrated into andactions Disaster preparednesspriorities national, provincial 3. disaster preparedness Community-based plansfortsunamiandothernatural 2. at andprovincial level local Capacity for disaster preparedness im- andeffective 1. D. Disaster preparedness levelat provincial andlocal Capacity for coastalrehabilitation andlonger-term 3. Integrated approachto coastalresourcemanagement strategic planningand 2. Protection andrehabilitation ofcoastalenvironment andresourcesensured, in- 1. C. Environmental rehabilitation Increasedavailability ofsocialandhealthservices, health includingreproductive 3. forvulnerable Access women, healthandeducationservices to quality children 2. National andlocal capacity for ofvulnerable theprotection children from exploitation 1. B. services forvulnerable Social groups approachto theresolution improved Access tolegalservices andparticipatory 4. Traditional cultures andpromoted, andtraditionsprotected withspecialfocus 3. Communitiesempowered governance inlocal to andtheircapacity participate 2. Longer-term livelihoods ofsmall-scalefishing, agricultureandtourism sectors, 1. A. Community livelihood recovery andempowerment Objectives strengthened areas oftsunamiaffected recovery tothelonger-term support international leveland local developmentplanningbudgeting hazards formulated warning systemsplementation ofearly strengthened management strengthened strengthenedimplementation cluding buffer-zone development services, tomigrant communitiesandothermobilepopulations. activities. level incommunity fortheirincreased participation and youth andincreasedopportunities and abusestrengthened of landdisputesintheinterest ofvulnerable communities strengthened Gypsy communities andSea on Muslim for self-organization strengthened and diversified inasustainablemanner; given to vulnerableandtraditionalcommunities, priority with special recovered I Contribution ofBilateral Partners III Table 21: Longer-Term Recovery -UNCTStrategy in Thailand post tsunami recovery and rehabilitationpost tsunamirecovery efforts. to the humanitarian assistance support andlongterm the identification andrepatriation ofthevictims, ofbodies to theRTG’s inthesearchandrescueofsurvivors, efforts Their involvement tooktheform ofimmediate support than thegeographical distancethat separated them. UNDP UNDP, UNISDR UNDP UNDP Bank, ADB FAO, UNDP, UNEP, World Bank UNDP, UNEP, World Bank FAO, UNDP, UNEP, World IOM, UNFPA Bank UNFPA, UNICEF, World UNICEF World Bank UNDP, UNHABITAT, UNDP, UNESCO World Bank UNDP, UNHABITAT, Bank FAO, ILO, UNDP, World UN Agencies

49 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS 50 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS 72 71 70 assisted inimproving theInternational DVIcommunity The unprecedented responseto thetsunamihas DVI on DNAcollection pologist ledthe sist withvictimidentification. AUSforensic anthro- Forces experts were also deployed to Thailand to as- the Centrefor D process. 2005, 11stillremainedin deployed toPhuket costs. Three hundredandnineAFPofficers have been million.the Many agreed countries contribute to to international DVI effort in Thail Kenyon’s role was expandedtheentire to support Phuket, andtherepatriation ofremainsvictims. Australian Federal Police DVIteamonthegroundin management company, ofthe theefforts to support ofKenyon theservices International, adisaster engaged sites setup.mortuary The Australian Government Command Post andthree wasestablishedinPhuket the Disaster Identification (DVI)process.Victim AForward Federal Police (AFP)tookaleadingroleincoordinating 30 countries. Ontherequest oftheRTG, theAustralian supported by a The massivepostdisasterforensic operation was Identification Disaster Victim assistance. area withhelicopters, andprovided transportation MOFA SARoperations andJICAconducted intheaffected Fire andDisaster (FDMA), Agency Management Police, and personnel; fromJapan’s SARmissionswithexperts ers Defence Force Destroy- dispatched three vessels–two swamps, andislandcoves. riverine boatstosearchfor inestuaries, bodies mangrove and rescue operations usingtheirspecialflat-bottomed thesearch closely with unitstosupport Thai military of Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA)worked the SARoperations. The andtheUSAIDOffice USNavy SAR teams, volunteers, divers, andmany otherssupported from many personnel countries,Military professional Search andRescue Australia Contribution to Tsunami One Year Later Report, November, 2005 JapanContribution to Tsunami One Year Later Report, November, 2005 USAContribution to Tsunami One Year Later Report, November, 2005 and onesupplyship-withshipboard helicopters 72 72 Teams madeupofmedicalspecialistsfrom 71 number ofDVIteamsfrommorethan scientific committee, isease Control (CDC), andUSArmed and othertechnical matters. since thetsunami. of31October As Phuket, assistingwiththe TTVI 70 Units oftheJapanSelf and atacostof providing advice USD12.2 assessments. surveillance forcommunicable diseases, andhealth in dealingwiththemedical needsofthesurvivors, medical teams frommanycountries, assistedtheRTG The Centre for Control Disease (CDC), aswell asemergency sands oflives countries. inthe tsunami-affected and Indonesia, inadditionto Thailand, saved thou- base asthehubfor reliefsuppliesboundfor Lanka Sri helpful decision toallowtheuseofU-Tapao military plies pouredin, notwithstanding. Thailand’s rapidand bythetsunami.countries intheregionstruck R The RTG for assistance, didnotappeal unliketheother Humanitarian Assistance operations. million on 30 September the RTG have manitarian circumstances. The U.S. Government and ment willallow law enforcement cooperation inhu- Crime andDeveloping Police Cooperation. This agree- Memorandum ofUnderstandingon Transnational the A term cooperation agreements. The and responsehasledtootherlonger- international DVI The able shouldasimilarneedpresentitselfinthefuture. tions andprocedural requirements willprove invalu- each other. The lessonsrelating to theresource implica- technical data, identificationmethods, from andlearn foropportunity all countr disaster response. The operation hasprovided an Resources Management (CHARM) project inSouthern (CHARM)project Resources Management The EC, under theongoingCoastal Habitatsand train studentsinboat- andhouse-building. farming,to andinternships withnationalinstitutions boats andbuildingboatyards, furnituremaking, aqua USA, provided of helpintherepairandconstruction including Canada, France, theNetherlands, and Austria oftheRTG.complementing theefforts Several countries Countries provided assistance toaffected communities, Childcare andEducation to Livelihoods, Support Reconstruction Housing, ustralian Federal Police have recentlysigneda signed agrant for agreement USD1.5 2005, the to support TTVI ies involved toenhance elief sup- 73 tems intheNational Parks. Germany ing therehabilitation andecosys- ofthebiodiversity programme, andFrance whileDenmark are support- tation. has assisted the Japan coral(JICA) reef recovery oftheRTG intheareaofenvironmentalefforts rehabili- A large numberofcountriesare supplementing the forEnvironmentalSupport Rehabilitation well asotherchilddevelopment activities. tection, c are also forms andc centres. They have provided scholarships, schooluni- ing build ments andNGOsfrom theirhomecountries, are help- fromfoundations,tion support charities, govern- local and theNetherlands, withfinancialandimplementa- ofcountries.a number Canada, France,Italy, Hungary, by Education andchildcareisanotherarea supported living conditionsoftheaffected communities. housing andimproving theurbanenvironment and - incollaboration withCODI andCTF, withprovision of among others, by France, Canada, Italy, andDenmark, provided, inthehousingsectorhasbeen Support affected populations. to the andchannelsupport to identifyprojects States area oflivelihood rehabilitation, helpingEUMember inthe needsanddonorsupport house for community project, played asaclearing roleby akey functioning Europ the under nism The Forum Andaman micro finance. include cash-for-work programmes Institute of Technology environmental shocks, withtheAsian inpartnership so that theyaremoreresilienttobotheconomicand anddiversifyProject torestart livelihoodsinRanong, funding aUSD3millionSustainableCoastal Livelihood environment andsustainablelivelihoods. USAIDis fundstore-directed focusoninitiatives inthefieldof Thailand, ofFisheries, incooperation with theDepartment The AndamanForum waslaunchedat apost- tsunamiworkshop in fishing communities whomightrequire assistancein recovering from thetsunami. www.andamanforum.org supporting RTG efforts intheareasofchildpro- RTG efforts supporting ounselling services, as andcarefor orphans and repairschools,playgrounds, andchildcare omputers for children. theaffected They 73 ,set upasacoordination mecha- (AIT). Additional initiatives ean Commission’s CHARM (GTZ) ishelpingto and provision of Phuket (14-15 February 2005),Phuket (14-15February to provide afacilitytolinkdono management. in practices and best thr buildingcapacity Coastal Sea Andaman Zone. The EU is also vironmentally forstrsupport mental fieldssuchasthePMBC. Australia isproviding na of build capacity Japan andAustralia undertaken. are being consultations withtheUNorganizations, Germany, coordination inthisarearemains critical,Donor Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). aregional warningsystem underUNESCO’s develop to ongoinginternationalefforts supports directly level responsesto warningmessages. This program from andwarning to community- initialhazarddetection to-end” allstagesofearly approach—addressing warning assistance to theregionthrough an integrated, “end- Program inSeptember 2005, whichwillprovide technical the regional IndianOcean Tsunami Warning System tional Disaster War tems integration The technicalassistance onsys- USA issupporting forsupport Early Warning Systems. and in strengtheningitsdisasterpreparednesscapacity The RTG fromtheinternational sought support community Preparedness for Early Support Warning Systems andDisaster function that onbythe function taken was TRCS, astheoutpouring Coordination ofdonationswas acritical management operations. personnel andvolunteers relief for theemergency provinces bymobilizingmoney,southern materials, response andreliefintheaffectedin emergency six played aleadingrole The (TRCS) Cross Society Thai Red recovery operations. oftheRTG inthereliefand theefforts NGOs supported VContribution ofNGOs IV sustainable managementof Thailand’s engthening theRTG’s intheen- capacity and capacitydevelopment for theNa- ning Centre(NDWC).USAID launched ough transfer how ofEuropean know tional institutionsintheenviron- the fieldofcoastal environment supporting and joint rs to

51 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS 52 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS fishing gear,boat engines, andboat-building skills. have providing support, been especiallywithboats, This isanareawhere World Vision, Oxfam, andothers Livelihoods government. ofthe been adequately addressedby themachinery areas andwithcommunities whoseneedshave not ofthedisaster,to thevictims in sometimesworking reliefassistance tobring in cooperation withlocalpartners working The hasbeen international NGOcommunity based disaster management. care, recovery, livelihood reconstruction, andcommunity branch Cross, oftheChinese Red intheareasofhealth French, Swedish, Finnish Cross Red Kong andtheHong tsunami recovery efforts, includingtheAmerican, MovementRed Crescent(RCRC) have supporting been Participating Cross (PNSs)oftheRed Societies National To complement the above TRCS projects, anumber of as essential supplies. nurses provided medicalandpsychosocial care aswell and TRCS disasterrelief teams thatincludeddoctors sheltersestablishedby thegovernment. the temporary Cross volunteers alsoassistedfamiliesinsettlinginto infood distribution.TRCS to betheleadagency Red phase, thisinitialemergency During theRTG asked for tsunamivictims. totalling 27,909units, ofwhich13,208unitswere dispensed up at the NationalTRCS BloodCentre todonate blood people fromthepublic, both Thais andforeigners, lined to thehospitalsinaffected areas. of Agreat number The supplies Centrealsosentblood NationalBlood TRCS eigners. nated clothes, fromfor- andtranslatinginquiries records,making provisions, transporting do- laundering out, the andassistedinsorting reliefefforts TRCS's Around 10,000volunteers from thepublicjoinedin mattresses, etc., andalmostUSD5millionincash. basic necessities intheformoffood, clothes, blankets, general public, both T which followed saw overwhelming goodwillfrom the the disaster to receive moneyandprovisions. The days victims, setupaDonation CentreTRCS theday after mounting needsofessential suppliesforthetsunami ofrelief. anddistribution collection To respondtothe matched neededto byof generosity be organized hais andforeigners, donating through. adapt to thetraumaticchangestheyhave gone World andothersare assistingthesevictims Vision a secondtsunami, haspushedtheminnewdirections. with anewfound of fear oftheseaandpossibility andfishingequipment, ofboats destruction c with, working is that World groups Vision some of source ofincomeandexpertise theprimary to be them withoptionsto changelivelihoods. Fishing used equipping with women tohelpupgradetheirskills over thelong-term. World hasbeenworking Vision ensure members, ofcommunity to secureparticipation revolvingcommunity-based fundsasthestrategic approach Save Andaman Network (SAN). They have used oftheirlivelihoodsfocused withthe onthesecurity in traditional fishingpractices, withlong-term goals vulnerable groupsoffishermen, torebuildtheircapacity toprovideOxfam hasbeenworking outreachtothese ties. of teachingmaterials, anddaycarecentres,repair ofschools as well as provision World and construction andothers supported Vision mental conservation. Inaddition, theAsia Foundation, vocational skills, disaster managementandenviron- of trauma children, affected andtraining for youthin teachers, includingstrategies for careandmonitoring Plan International of workedtoenhance thecapacity shelters. to childrenlivingintemporary support,health andnutrition andcare andsecurity and othershave provided psychosocial support, WorldInternational, Vision,Plan Foundation Asia The for children andyouth. facilities andopportunities needs ofchildrenandinenhancingtheeducation Several NGOsare engagedinresponding tothe Childcare,and Education Youth of Society Thailand. the CrossCultural Foundation, anaffiliate oftheLaw legalassistance to migrant workersthrough porting ing muchneededreliefandassistance. The TAF issup- nelling moreresources tothesecommunities, provid- people, withgroupssuchas TAG, partnering inchan- Oxfam andothershave withvulnerable beenworking gap, providingthemreliefandsolace.Plan International, The workoftheNGOswithmigrants has filled acritical andothervulnerable communities Migrants equal access toequal access resources andsustainability school equipmentandfacili- ombined but the and to for intheir recovery efforts. thevictims grammes more fully, thusproviding continued support tsunamirelated projectsthe intotheirlong-term pro- ontheground.left SomeNGOshave tried tointegrate leaving halfaccomplishedwork for theorganizations ofthetsunamihavein theimmediateaftermath departed, organizations withaffected thatworked communities that NGOoperations facing. arenow Many oftherelief isone andcontinuity The challengeofsustainability and services, and tohelpthemobtainlegalassistance. not received appropriate andreasonable compensation Phang Nga, for inRanong, victims aid andrightsprotection Lawyers Association of providing legal Thailand (WLAT), The Asia Foundation through the isworking Women Legal Aid and inputs. expertise are someoftheotherareaswhereIUCNisproviding ecosystems thetsunami, after and based livelihoodsreconstruction, rehabilitating coastal and sustainabletourism initiatives. ecosystem Supporting and theDNPonrehabilitation ofnational parks withtheAFD,IUCN isalsoworking WWF for Nature ecosystems into coastal zonedevelopment andrebuilding. reconstruction, offactoring andoftheimportance oftheenvironmentthe importance inpost-tsunami convincing arguments economicones)on (especially andplanners byfluence providing decision-makers enable 'greening' ofreconstruction. The goalistoin- economic damagetonatural resources in Thailand to interventions hasbeenevaluating tsunami-related areas. Working withUNEP,affected oneoftheirkey mental rehabilitation andrecovery inthedisaster environ- organizationThe IUCNisakey supporting Environment shelters wasof communitiesinthesetemporary habitable. was addressed toensurethat thelivingenvironment shelters the issueofimproving conditionsintemporary ofpermanenthousingwasunderway,the construction inadequate orinappropriate. hasbeen support While permanent shelters, government fillinggapswhere Hands on Thailand, buildinghomes, water systems, and and TAF,include World Vision housing with working intheprovision to of assistvictims The NGOsworking Housing and Phuket, tothosewhohave primarily restoration ofmangrovesrestoration

53 PART 3 THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS Psychological recovery programmes for 150,000 children led by the Thai government and UNICEF have been put into place. Photo shows Chao Lay children in the battered village of Rawai, Phuket. Photo: UNDP NENTOA GS107 81 56 INTERNATIONAL NGOS • BILATERAL PARTNERS • UNSYSTEM AGENCIES • ANNEXES

55 ANNEXES 56 ANNEXES 2005 to prepareconceptual recommendations for the Technical Assistance wascommissionedon1stMarch Following positive commentsby Government, asmall (NGOs). international donorsandNon-Government Agencies of theAndaman outby region) ascarried Government, the sub-region (mostnotablythosesetupfor therecovery plans long-term, comprehensive planto integrate thevarious Andaman sub-region. identifiedaclearneed for a It for thefuture well-being ofthe andprosperity opment Plan in February 2005, concludedthat Devel- a Sub-Regional An initialtechnical missionandconcept paper, prepared PROJECTS PARTNERS outstanding value produc investment in for Thailand, oneinwhichgreater added- visit, andlive.work This would presentanewwindow internationally reco and is Asia andEastern unrivalled inSouth-East is that turn theAndamanregion into auniqueenvironment The long-termvisionoftheSRDPisnolessthanto and Phuket. provinces:three ofthemostaffected Krabi, Phang Nga prepare asub-regional development plan(SRDP)for the Asian Development Bank, to instigated actions ofFinance, oftheMinistry Policy Office by supported caused by 2004, thetsunamiof26December theFiscal Following thedevastation oftheAndamancoast GOAL priate, theagro-industrialsector. wellness, economy and, andknowledge whereappro- not onlyintourism butalsointheleisure, healthand • Ministry ofFinance,Ministry Fiscal Office Policy and specialist programmes being carried outin and specialist beingcarried programmes and well-managed envir natural ts and services can be offered an can within ts andservices (SRDP) would bring important benefits (SRDP) would bringimportant gnized as a quality destination tognized asaquality ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK(ADB) onment, term to 2020. sub-regional plan over theshort-, medium-andlong- develop arobust, andfullycomprehensive practical This studybegan inSeptember2005andwillnow PROJECT DURATION LOCATION hensive SRDPfor thethree provinces. tional andnational consultantstoprepare acompre- a full-scalestudyofninemonthsduration by interna- sub-region uponwhichitwas decidedtocommission Specifically theplanwill: DESCRIPTIONS &GOALS • • • • Krabi, provinces. PhangNgaandPhuket among thepublicandstrengthen investor confidence. controlling development, helpingreinforce awareness are both transparent andeffective ininitiating and mendations for recom- theplan'simplementation through support contribute towards; and theprivate canrelate, sector co-operate and to whichGovernment, civilsociety, thecommunity provide alongtermvisionfor theAndamanCoast diseconomies ofscale; strategy, thusavoiding and duplication ofacommonsub-regional integratedbe aspart ment, international donoragenciesandNGOscan aidprogrammesrecovery andplansbyGovern- create acoherent underwhichthevarious framework new institutionalmechanismsthat mately USD1.5million. mately USD2million, FAO approxi- hassofarspent 1,300,000. thetotalapproved budgetofapproxi-Of USD areworth medium-term rehabilitationprojects trust funds-totalbudgetofUSD659,000. The four from FAO TCP andby resources JapaneseGovernment FAO's were funded phaseprojects threeemergency DONORS PARTNERS new technologies, inthespiritof'BuildBack Better'. coastal resource of managementandintroduction ment situationinsustainable ofthelonger-term andthenthroughassess- measures through emergency farming communities to restore theirlivelihoods, both objectives have beentoassistaffected fishingand rehabilitation were projects; for later medium-term four newprojects FAO phase implementingthreeemergency began In theimmediate aftermath ofthetsunamidisaster, GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY PROGRAMMES • • • • )In-depthassessmentoftsunami-affected soil e) Technical assessmentofmangroves andother d) Promotion ofthe ofthecoordination capacity c) Technical assessmentfor determiningthelevel b) Assistance tofishingandfarming communities a) Rehabilitation to phase(Medium- long-term) fertilizers, amongothers. income generation suchasfishinggear, seedsand assetsandmeansof rehabilitation) ofproduction fisher folkandfarmersthroughtheprovision (or Restoration oflivelihoods oftsunami-affected phase Emergency UN agencies:UNDP Government: ofFisheries Department and landrehabilitation planning coastal forests affected by the tsunami ofFisheries Department ment resource manage- sustainablecoastal nity-based andthepromotionofcommu- of fishingcapacity FOOD ANDAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) approved.key Organization's The and agriculture: toDistributed over 3,000farmingfamiliesinfisheries phase: Emergency RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS Rehabilitation Phase: • • • • • • • fruit seedlings; wood for boatrepair, nets, 328fishcage 15,000 traps, 3,320setsofshrimpgillnets, 408pieces of 800 fishcages, 180,000fishfingerlings, 18,000fish suchashydro- ofnewtechnologies Introduction ) f Unit withinDOF. FAO Post-tsunami Rehabilitation Coordination promoted through theestablishment ofaDOF/ (DOF)inpost-tsunamirehabilitation isbeing eries The ment plans. naturalresourceof andsustainablecoastal manage- have whichwouldfacilitate theformulation started fisheries, agriculture, mangroves andcoastal forestry studies/surveys in-depthtechnical Six systems Hydroponic andnet-housevegetable production revolving funds The fishinggroupsarebeing through 28fisherfolk groups have been distributedonloanto430 fisherfolk engines 430 boat feeds and1,500pieces ofmineralblocks for livestock. tonnes oforganic fertilizer, 177tonnes ofanimal for247 tons ofgypsum soilreclamation, 1,052 farmers. 80 and30unitsrespectively, to tsunami-affected buildingandpromotionof capacity Better' concept. Back tsunami-affected farmersunderthe'Build ponics coordination capacity were introduced withthedistributionof and net-house vegetable production to and net-housevegetable production for theirself-helpactivities. forfishingboats smallscale

of Department ofFish- of Department empowered community including through

57 ANNEXES 58 ANNEXES nine partners are: nine partners oftheircomponents.projects andenrichescertain The of expertise. This bringsaddedvalue to theirindividual themselves andto helpeachotherwithintheirareas ILO to network encourages amongst itsninepartners PARTNERS in thetourism sector. businesses getaccesstosmallloans; andHIVprevention informal economy; technical assistance tohelpsmall formal tourism sector; assistance technical to thegrowing buildingforworkers andemployerscapacity inthe Four areasofwork key were identifiedfor assistance: andgetaccessto newmarkets. and services informal economy operators develop newproducts survival. Hence, there hasbeenanurgent needto help economy work moved into theinformaleconomy for thousands ofpeople wholosttheirformal tourism sellers alsolosttheircustomers. At thesametime economy suchasmasseusesandhandicraft workers werenolongercoming thetourists in,Because informal the informal economywasalsoseriouslydisrupted. In additionto sector, thedamagetoformaltourism were retrenched orhadtheirincomesignificantly reduced. or lackofclientele. Consequently, thousandsofworkers were eitherwipedoutorforcedtoclosefor renovations Nga province), mosthotels andtourist-related businesses heavily damaged. InareassuchasKhaoLak(Phang motor economic inthisarea-washad beentheprincipal areas ofsouthern Thailand. -which The tourism industry the so-called"second wave" unfoldedinthetourist After response thesuccessful tothe tsunami, emergency GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • Social Tours (REST), Krabi TouristKrabi Association ToursSocial (REST), Peoples' International (DPI), Ecological Responsible Nga TouristAssociation,Association, Disabled Thaicraft Association (PTA), EMPOWERFoundation, Phang (ECOT),Phuket Touristof Thailand Confederation Labour, PhuketChamber ofCommerce, Employers NGOs: Federation Phuket andService ofHotels INTERNATIONAL LABOURORGANIZATION (ILO) following ar their needs. The focusesonactivities inthe project themto better be meet organizations ableto servicing ability togenerate income, aswellhelpingspecific by thetsunamitoincrease theiremployability and The andemployers projectaimstoassist workers affected PROGRAMMES with: ILO isalsopartnering The Federation's aimsto: project themselves into aLabourClub. needs. workers were helped Retrenched toorganize andimmediateassistance ontheirrights toworkers Centres (MAC) were setuptoprovide information and Immediately thetsunamitwo MobileAssistance after Phuket Federation (PFHLS) ofHotel andLabour Services Activities: ties since touristshave notyet returned. havea livingfrom tourism hadtoredefinetheiractivi- former informaleconomy workerswhowere earning formal toearnmoney. economy activities Inaddition, lost. Many are retrenchedworkers nowinvolved inin- est andwhere economy mostjobsintheformal were mal economy since thisiswhere thetsunamihithard- (butnotonly)withtheinfor- are primarily provinces in activities The project • • 2)help give Labour Clubmembersnew skills. giveLabour 2)help The toprovide information and toworkers 1)continue prevention 4)HIV/AIDS toinformal economy/self-employment 3)Support for micro to commercialfinancialservices 2)Access ofemployers1)Training intheformal andworkers industry who lost their jobs after thetsunami. who lost theirjobsafter industry from thehotel/tourism club consistsof300workers help themfindjobs; and smallbusinesses relatedtourism sector UN agencies Affairs (TICA) Government eas: : ofLabour, Ministry ofForeign Ministry : UNDP Phang Nga and Ranong and marketing. and design, development, skills enhancement production skills.supervisory quality includeproduct Their activities management and groupleaderslearning production handicrafts andinadditionfive have been trained as have trainedthewomen inproducingquality communities.80 womenintsunami-affected They with professionalsThaicraft working hastwo part-time Association The Thaicraft workshop andtrainingfor homestays. needs assessment, professional guidetraining and The hascovered project preparation, community training coastal communitieshitby sites. thetsunamiasproject three The andselecting workhasincludedsurveying Responsible Ecological Social Tours (REST) as well Lakarea asrevenues residents. forKhao area, to provide local manpower season forthetourist Lak and othermembersofthecommunityinKhao isto trainretrenched workersThe Association'spriority Phang Nga Tourist (PNTA) Association of Thailand (ECOT) of Thailand Examples includeworking with for oftourists. return aquicker damaged only10to 15percentofthefacilities, allowing mainly withtheformal economy since thetsunami In thatreconstruction free ofhotel tourism andmethods andrestaurant living training. They have alsoheldaseminaronbarrier- ling, training, skills self-helpandadvocacy, independent of persons withdisabilitiesinPhangNga, peercounsel- andneedsassessment Their mandate includesasurvey Disabled Peoples' (DPI) International Phuket submitting itsproposaltoILO. Club membersontheirneedsanddesires before of Phang Nga. The Federation consulted theLabour areThese mainlywomenfromtheprovince workers and Krabi on emergency response training for onemergency allow universal access. provinces, are activities project Employers Confederation The The financially inthepost-tsunamieconomicslowdown. non-member organizations whohave beenhard hit tothestaffofmemberand and/or offering new skills and issues. The PTA consistsofupgrading skills project businesses affected bythetsunami, identifyingproblems bythetsunami.affected builtadatabaseof200small It Business Recovery Centre givingadvice to smallbusinesses The Phuket Tourist Association(PTA) properly withemergencies. and show that about theestablishment dealing isserious display would ofcertificates alsoreassurethetourists for to assisttourists. theirability that the isthought It respond toemergencies, and bothfor theirownsake organized to discover theirneeds, to wastheability identified areas the key by ininitialmeetings workers beach frontandcoastal businessesinPhuket. Oneof Phuket (PFHLS) Federation ofHotel andLaborServices mid-November 2005: achievements recorded byILO anditspartners, asof Here areafew examplesofthemany quantifiable RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS until 2006. February toDecember 2005)butthishasbeenextended (July wasThe originallyenvisaged project assixmonths PERIOD PROGRAMME addedasmallprogramme inKrabi. project ofLabour the fromlowing theMinistry arequest Nga, into Ranong. extending withsomeactivities Fol- andPhang are inPhuket activities oftheproject's Most LOCATION education andHIV/AIDS prevention. Englishliteracy,functional sexualandemotionalhealth • EMPOWER for the production of batik and artificial flowers; ofbatik andartificial for theproduction hasbeenrented,workshop providing aworkplace flowers.produce batikproducts andartificial A A groupofwomen have trainedinhow to been project focuses onprovidinglegaladvice,project opened aSmall

59 ANNEXES 60 ANNEXES Andaman Tsunami (NATR) Relief whichworks project micro-enterprise ofwomen producing soap, aNorth munity-based tourismthereisa supported Thaicraft within itsterritory: oncom- aswelltheRESTproject benefits from between networking four projects BasedBaan Talay Tourism in Nok.nity community The Approximately 60peopleareinvolved intheCommu- Responsible Ecological Social Tours (REST) • • as a 'Get Ahead as a'Get Trainer'. One oftheFederation's hasbeen members trained events. exhibitedbe atupcomingtsunami anniversary thetsunamianditwillbeready intimeto picting on"thelongestpiece ofbatik"de- ently working inthisproject. partner effective The groupispres- tic. Consequently, theFederation hasbeenavery president oftheFederation enthusias- isalsovery namental pieces. motivatedThey arevery andthe for shirts, shawls andotherclothing, aswell asor- The batik grouphasreceived quite afew orders from anexpert. producing products, goodquality withcoaching madewithinthegroupsbeen andtheyarenow Organizational andbusinessarrangementshave ucts, andsellthem. market be competitiveinbusiness, ho ago. Aprofessional isnow teachingthegrouphowto entrepreneurship, having hitby been disastertenyears of Kiriwong, ofresilience and whichisagood example benefited from anexchange visitwiththecommunity Aheadentrepreneurshipthe Get training, others have someofthewomen havethe project benefited from theirtraininginto amicro-enterprise.turn Through theentrepreneurship requiredthey to lacked skills assistedbytraining NATR, programme andfurther but inapost-tsunamigovernmentin soap-making skills A group ofwomen inBaan Talay trained Nok hadbeen Thaicraft Association on rehabilitating wildanimals. villagers, anda Wildlife project AnimalRescue(WAR) empowermenton community andteaches Englishto in networking withmembers inotherregions in in networking Thailand. group discussionsonhealth. The groupisalsoactive venues andholdingfocus bars andentertainment "safe work", outreach visitsto bi-weekly undertaking doing monthly community radio broadcasting on EMPOWER inPatong materials, hasproducedinformation w to package theirprod- w package to The project's interventionsThe include: project's tomigrant communities. health services ofPublic Healthto deliver oftheMinistry capacity migrant communities. willenhancethe These activities humanitarianassistanceto necessary and distribute disease control (CDC), reproductive andmentalhealth care,health care focusing onprimary communicable coordinate, facilitate andprovide preventive andbasic levelsof Public to Healthat theprovincial anddistrict withtheRoyal IOM isworking Thai Government's Ministry PROGRAMMES Funding as: hasbeenconfirmed DONORS PARTNERS livelihoods.restoring humanitarian and mental/psychosocial healthservices, andbasic care, diseasecontrol,communicable reproductive aims toimprove health accessofmigrantsto primary areas, inthetsunamiaffected particularly theproject includinghealthcareservices, access to basicservices thatGovernment's have migrants aimofensuring easy bythetsunami,groups affected andtheRoyal Thai Team strategy onassistancetovulnerable migrant In linewiththerecommendations oftheUNCountry GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • • • • • • • • INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FORMIGRATION (IOM) UN agencies: World HealthOrganization ofForeign Affairs(MOPH) andMinistry (MFA) Government: ofPublic Health Thai Ministry workers; Distribution ofhumanitarianrelief items tomigrant clients; health centres withlarge populations ofmigrant Supply medicalequipments/medicine forhospitals/ to ofhealthservices migrant communities; Delivery healthassessments; Migrant and volunteers (CHWsandCHVs); Training ofmigrant healthworkers community Stakeholder coordination; USD130,719 USD100,000 USD550,000 Ireland WHO UNOCHA assistance, whichare prerequisite for (As 2005) ofendSeptember RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS extended) tobe 2005(expected to31 December 15 March PERIOD PROGRAMME Ranong, Phang NgaandPhuketprovinces of Thailand LOCATION • • • • • project office established project Coordination Health Migrant Centres anda registration2005. tomigrantworker Support migrants; identification(DVI)forDisaster victim deceased tion ofthePHO identifying23,000migrants. weretricts completed inJuly2005 withparticipa- Province,In Ranong inthreedis- censussurveys byaffected thetsunamihasbeendevised. (PHO), amentalhealthassessmentfor migrants andPhang NgaProvincial(MHRC) HealthOffice ration HealthRecovery withtheMental Centre districts.pleted inallfourparticipating Incollabo- family folders of the healthcentres were com- communities andregistrationofmigrants inthe In PhangNgaProvince, ofmigrant census surveys in thetargeted provinces: andinterventions utilized intheplanningofactivities among migrantcommunities conducted needs Assessments ofhealthstatusandservice Nga provinces andPhang inRanong assist thehealthauthorities provinces trainedPhang Ngaand60inRanong to disease control, topics oncommunicable andonselected health care employedtwo inRanong) andtrained Fifteen migrant Ngaand CHWs(13inPhang 2005 Takuapa ofPhangNgaProvince byMay District Province, Health Centre NamKhem in andBan the Provincial HealthOffice Compound ofRanong while 120migrant CHVs, i.e. 60in

and fully functional in and fullyfunctional onprimary and

61 ANNEXES 62 ANNEXES 75 Each grant is worth THB 1900 representing the cost of health check up (THB 600) and annual insurance fee (THB 1300). 600)andannualinsurance Eachgrant fee isworth (THB THB 1900representing ofhealthcheck up (THB thecost • • • underwear), mosquito nets, items and sanitary clothes (suchaslongsleeve shirts, sarongsand Each packcontained donated andnewlypurchased and Ranong: distributed medicalequipmentsandmedicines Essential and healthaccesshasbeencompleted. group ofmigrants regarding basicCDCknowledge inthecoming month.to start Evaluation offocus screening hasbegunandmobileclinicsare scheduled Province,In Ranong andCDC vaccination services a monthly basis. to targeted care communitieson services primary providingclinic hasbeenactively preventive and committee hasbeen establishedandamobile NgaProvince,In Phang aprovincial migrant health by theproject: migrants by targeted healthfacilitiessupported Active andpassive provided healthservices distributed todistributed migrants Over 4,000packsofhumanitarianreliefgoods health facilitiesthroughoutPhang NgaProvince. by distributed been IOMtolocalNGOsandgovernment Essential medicalequipments andmedicinehave migrant communities: to hospitals/healthcentres withlarge inPhang Nga, Phuket to • • release. have been30 victims identified andarepending for thesecases.conducted 2005, As ofSeptember submitted to coordination centre and75cases have been of93missing persons received byReports IOM by theauthority. migrants inclaimingbodies ofrelatives ifrecovered providing relieftomigrant communities. consulting various organizationsthat already were food.dry/canned These items after were selected Centre. Coordinationthough theIOM/PHO/WHOMigrant total of400migrantsreceived registration grants through theILO anditspartner. InPhang Nga, a provided andPhuket to migrantsinRanong Among the900grants distributed, were 500grants Nga, andRanongprovinces Phuket the nationalhealthinsuranceschemeinPhang migrants. fortified 75claims/petitions missingor deceased identification assistanceiden- Disaster victim grants Nga,Phang and900migrants benefited from and process ofmigrant worker registration in employersThirty counselled onthebenefits 75 , whichenabledmigrantsto registerfor IOMincollaboration withNGOsisassisting the authority. DNAscreeningwas however may slightthoseeffects prove tobe: populations to fourkeyways, HIV/AIDSinthefollowing to increase oftheaffected thevulnerability areasand settings, on thetsunami'simpact Thailand hashelped As inmany othernatural andman-madeemergency GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY on three primary efforts: on three primary in effort Thailandresponse andrecovery hasconcentrated ofUNAIDS The contribution direct Thailand tothetsunami PROGRAMMES 2006. beforebe expended 31January 2005;31 October itisanticipated thatthebalancewill 15,000, cent hadbeenexpendedasof ofwhich75per Total fundingfromUNAIDSresources amounts toUSD DONORS PARTNERS with HIVandAIDSfor years tocome. prepare will promote thesustainablesocial andmaterial to ensurethat tothistragedy ourlong-term responses and rebuilding in Thailand, theUNSystem isworking In thisprocess ofpost-tsunamirecovery, rehabilitation • • • • • • • • Provision ResponseHIVPrevention ofEmergency UN agencies: ILO, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF Cross,Association, Red Thai World Vision NGOs: Population Development &Community Government: ofPublic Health Ministry for thousandsofpeople. destroyedeffectively incomes, assetsandlivelihoods vulnerabilities toHIVinfection, thetsunamialso for longer-term Perhaps mostimportantly areas.in anumberofaffected ofsexual- andgender-basedviolencerisk andassault Increased potential for personal insecurityandthe areas. affected inmany services essential publicandcommunity In theimmediate aftermath, interrupted access to cial andculturalmores andstructures. disruption ofsocialorder, stablerelationships, so- through a andsupport stability social Reduced dness that w ill helpthesecommunitiescope and keyactors. UNAIDS initiatives cover alltsunami-affected provinces LOCATION RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS 2006. by theendofJanuary toAll are programmes have expected completed been PERIOD PROGRAMME • • • • • tation tation vulnerabilities inthe Tsunami andrehabili- recovery integrating and responsesto HIVandAIDSrisks ofdevelopingPromotion and oftheimportance practices andlessonslearned HIVandAIDSguidelines,post-emergency good Translation into Thai anddisseminationofpre- reproductive health and livelihoods programming. healthandlivelihoods reproductive andrelevant,possible includingmostparticularly appropriate ensure thatresponses tothetsunami integrate governmental to andnon-governmental partners UNAIDS withUNSystem, hasworked Thailand It is expected that provinces. throughout thetsunami-affected units serving through AFRIMS, were madeavailable tomilitary for thepockets. These materials, distributed mation in Thai, inadditiontocondomssupplied "pockets" 5,000 reusableplasticcondom promotion to theimmediate post-tsunamicrisis unitsresponding materials to themilitary supporting gency. response,gency phasesofany andrecovery emer- preparedness, theemergency and AIDSinto emer- Committee's guidelinesfor theintegration ofHIV Standing includetheInter-Agency documents responses inthepost-Tsunami period. These preparedness andrecoverynational emergency 2006. willhelptoThis effort improve theon-going by 31January throughoutthecountry partners responseThai anddisseminated to emergency and lessonslearnedwillhave beentranslated into HIVandAIDSguidelines,emergency practices good initiatives.

with condom promotionanduseinfor- HIV andAIDSprogramming where 5,000 copies ofpre- andpost- UNAIDS

63 ANNEXES 64 ANNEXES PROGRAMMES Rolls-Royce, Coca-Cola UNDP, UNOG, Canada, Ireland, NewZealand,Port DONORS PARTNERS tion andDisaster Preparedness and Mitigation. based Livelihood Recovery, Environmental Rehabilita- is focused infour areas: Coordination, Community- Gypsies emphasis placed onmarginalized groups suchasSea tsunami recovery andrehabilitationefforts, withspecial theRoyal supporting Thai Government's longer-term Country Team in Thailand, UNDPplays apivotal role in Nations United the by effort coordinated a of part As 'Build BackBetter' GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY a) Community-based Livelihood Recovery • • • • UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT (UNDP) PROGRAMME and government. Livelihood recovery activities communitiesopment dialoguebetween affected Key toprogramming isthepromotion ofredevel- that andpromotes theircultural protects heritage. bycommunities affected thedisaster inamanner to themorevulnerableSea Gypsy andMuslim communities getbackontheirfeet. isgiven Priority tohelp and localNGOsinalonger-termeffort theRoyal UNDP issupporting Thai Government Cross.Red Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre andIFRC-Thai Phuket TourismAssociation, Association, Thaicraft of Trade Unions, Chamber ofCommerce,Phuket NGOs:FundFoundation,Federation Thai Phuket Departments. ment and Thai Geotechnical andMeteorological Coastal Resources, Develop- of Skills Department ofFisheries,partment and ofMarine Department ment ofDisaster Preparedness andMitigation,De- velopment Cooperation A ment Institute(CODI), Thailand International De- Government: Organizations Community Develop- UNOPS UN agencies: FAO, ILO, UNHABITAT, UNESCO and Private Sector: Royce, Rolls Coca-Cola. and Muslimfishingcommunities. UNDP'ssupport gency (TICA), Depart- (TICA), gency gal, between January 2005andJune 2006. between January All programmes arelong-term andare being implemented PERIOD PROGRAMME Krabi, Nga, Phang SatunandRanong. provinces: tsunami-affected southwestern Phuket, All UNDPprogrammes arespread acrossfive of thesix LOCATION c) Support to the CoordinationSupport ofInternationalAssistance c) b) Environmental Rehabilitation d) Disaster Preparednessd) Disaster andMitigation set up to trackset upto international assistance: of theDevelopment Assistance Database(DAD) effort.and recovery Akeystephasbeen thelaunch technical theongoingtsunamirelief assistanceto Government inthecoordination ofinternational UNDP provides strategicto theRoyal support Thai in conservation efforts. andlegislation,diction involvement community Coast, focusing onkeyissuessuchaszoning, juris- integrated coastalmanagementoftheAndaman development processofastrategic planforthe with theRoyal the Thai Government insupporting fisheries sectors. level, At policy UNDPisworking to tourism boththelocal and utmost importance of coralreefs damaged by thetsunamithat areof theclean-upandrehabilitation UNDP issupporting andtourism industries. the fishery inboth sound andsustainableeconomic activities into considerationtheneedfortake environmentally to ensurelong-termsustainability. publicawarenessnity-level designed component toestablishamulti-hazard,private sector commu- nity-level preparedness NGOs, themediaand with localauthorities, education institutions, commu- based approach. worksThe project incooperation will begroundedinamulti-hazard, community- early warningsystem, now underdevelopment, it system.early warning Integrated into aregional levelsat local andtodevelop anationaltsunami tostrengthen disasterpreparedness in itsefforts theRoyal UNDP issupporting Thai Government 2005 November dadthailand .mfa.go .th/dad/, launchedon25 h ttp:// Community-based Livelihood Recovery RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS Environmental Rehabilitation > Needy people not affected directly by people tsunami Needy notaffecteddirectly > ofbest between practices andsharing Networking > Training government selected organizations in > consultationsbetween local Multi-stakeholder > Dozens groupshave ofcommunity formed in been > People workshops areunderway Mapping to catalogue > to promote Activities cultural heritage, environmental > hasbeengiventorelief centresand Support > 29Grassroots Creditschemesandrevolving funds > Longer-term community recovery programmes > 17coralreefssiteshave beenrehabilitated, including > 95%oftargeted coralreefs have clearedof been > benefiting from pr bycommunities affected thetsunamiisunderway. initiated.been participatory development that is have organized been sector to planfor future government, andrehabilitationdecision-making initiatives. order to improve government inlocal participation cultureandwisdom. local in Krabi, provinces. PhangNgaandPhuket awareness andeco- tourism have beenlaunched herbal medicines. processing, textiles, handicrafts,and carpentry suchasseafoodand income-generating activities communities replaced.been 300fishinggearssuchasnetsandtrapsSome have and171houseshaveboats replacedorrepaired. been and publicmarkets. 470boatengines, Some 223 assets suchasfishingboats, tackle, houses, docks have beensetupto financetherecouping oflost households intsunami-devastated areas. have beenformulated thatarebenefiting20,000 Walking trails reefs inKoh throughtidal-exposed sea fancoral repairandstaghorncoralreplantation. resumingthroughKrabi December. reefs bythetsunami. cleanuparound Underwater hundreds oftonesdebris washedoutonto the planning to promote community has planning topromote community communities, NGOs, with alternative livelihood training oject spinoffs. oject sustainable. and theprivate Coordination ofInternationalAssistance Disaster Preparedness andMitigation > UNDP provided support to the UNDP provided support Thailand International > insupport asleadinternational UNDP acted agency > Assistance totheGovernment's "Sub-Committee on > gaugesinstalledat Islands Tidal Phuket andSimilan > disaster risk management plan- Community-based > Training hasbeenprovided for550local andfederal > Coastal assessments eco-system tsunamiimpact > that managenatural Community-initiated projects > Province Krabi chosenasthepilotsitefor astrategic > Coastal reforestation ofmangrove andpinetreesis > Education andawareness campaignsaboutcoral > at launched onNovember 25, 2005. be can found It online Database of Foreign Affairs, to Assistance develop aDonor Development Cooperation Ministry (TICA), Agency livelihood recovery.and oneoncommunity on therehabilitationofcoralreefs andmarineresources of two taskforces setupby theSub-Committee: one UN Agencies andNGOs. togetherbringing government agencies, donors, Coordination Assistance", ofInternational the aforum ing networks. linked toregional andnationaltsunamiearly-warn- hall meetingstodiscussandfinaliseplansinitiated. w ning and searchrescue initiatives. government leaders incrisismanagement, firstaid withuniversities. underway and culturalmethodsinitiated. resources andtheenvironment usingtraditional cally mine anoverall planthatisenvironmentally, economi- processwilldeter- decisionmaking up participatory planning modelfor theAndaman Coastline. Abottom- toreduceunderway thefuture tsunamiimpacts. buoys areas. establishedinprotected water reeftrails, signboards, floatingfences, mooring andconservation areongoing.reef protection Under- Yai Noiestablished. h ttp://dadthailand and culturally sustainable. ell underway intargetell underway communities. Town (DAD) to track international assistance .mfa.go .th/dad/

65 ANNEXES 66 ANNEXES following: categorized areas be into can the priority The key PROGRAMMES 267,022. total expenditure budgetfor isUSD theproject by Flash Appeal fundsthrough OCHA andUNDP. The was committed. arefunded The remainingactivities for the Thailand chapter, approximately USD15,000 funded from UNEPresourcesanditisestimated that was EnvironmentalThe Rapid Assessment report DONORS PARTNERS of Natural andtheEnvironment Resources (MONRE). areas ofassistance were by identified Thailand's Ministry damages causedby thetsunami. of priority Anumber Environmental onthe environmental Assessment report In February 2005, UNEP presented a regionalRapid authorities, community. UNagencies andtheinternational recovery withnational programmes inpartnership assessments andhelpcoordinate environmental deployed to andfacilitate conduct rapidenvironmental ronmental andreconstruction. recovery were Experts damage tonatural resources andtheneedsfor envi- environmental in authorities Thailand inassessingthe Asian TsunamiDisaster TaskForce,the the assisted and Immediately after thetsunamioccurred, UNEPestablished GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • • • • • UN agencies:UNDP andIUCN Fund for Nature (Thailand) NGOs: Asian Institute of Technology, World Wide the Environment (MONRE) Government: and Resources ofNatural Ministry system Restoration Integrated Coastal ZoneManagement andEco- oftheeconomic An assessment isbeingundertaken > andIntegrationMainstreaming in reconstruction andrehabilitationin reconstruction activities. promote theintegration ofenvironmental concerns toassistMONRE Phang NgaandRanong) sitessources infour (Trang, selected Krabi, value oftsunami-related damagestonatural re- UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMME RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS end ofMarch 2006. All programmes are completed to be expected by the PERIOD PROGRAMME resources provinces. inallaffected coverUNEP projects communitiesandenvironmental LOCATION • • • > Information dissemination, Information preparation through > A seriesofsub-regionaldialoguesonrehabili- > Development ofaunifiedGIS-baseddatabase > Institutional Strengthening inHad A pilotproject Thuai Marine Muang > > tsunami was c on theenvironmental damagescausedbythe EnvironmentalA regionalRapid Assessment report Thedevelopment ofaseriesdigitalmaps > Environment Assessment lives andlivelihoods. ofnaturalresourcesinprotecting importance and publicationofanumberleafletsonthe effective implementationmechanisms. develop needsandfurther to re-assess localpriority willbe organized,tation activities andrecovery coastal resourcesinthesixaffected provinces; Centre and components onkey ofmarine at theNational Information Coastal andMarine its naturalresources. tion communities andtheprivate intherestora- sector National park is coastal zones. tsunami rehabilitation in andconstruction Implementing theguidingprinciplesfor post- all six affected provinces.all sixaffected in othersuitableareas. The mappingwillcover tions andthecreation ofmangrove plantations for therehabilitationofdamagedmangrove forma- mapping willfacilitate theprocess ofplanning species.including thedata ontheprincipal The indicating thecurrent status ofmangrove forests, and management of the national park and and managementofthenational park ompleted in February 2005, inFebruary ompleted with underway toengagethelocal underway (UNEP) • • • • early January 2006. early January andgroundtruthexerciseSensing isplannedfor trainingconducted onRemote andthesecond ment were successfully andmappingcapacity Training andaworkshop onGISdatabasedevelop- in Trang, andPhang-Nga Krabi andRanong. bydamaged caused thetsunamiwere conducted Initial studiesoneconomiclossofenvironmental implementation develop effective needsandfurther priority wereorganizedto re-assess local activities recovery and onrehabilitation Sub-regional dialogues coastal zones. post-tsunami rehabilitationandconstruction in forthe implementation oftheguidingprinciples Two national workshops have been completedon Thailand chapters onalltheaffected countries, including mechanisms.

67 ANNEXES 68 ANNEXES including: by thetsunami. out Various willbecarried activities Approximately 1,000seagypsyhouseholdswere affected fromtherestand cultures of differmarkedly Thai Society. grdistinctive communities (Moken, andUrakLawoi)Moklen are Living alongtheAndaman seacoast, theseagypsy velopment of c inthepost-tsunamide- participate ple to actively peo- ofindigenous tural heritageandbuildcapacity ties in T Rehabilitation of Traditional Communities andMunicipali- PROGRAMMES project. in Thailand' in Tsunami-AffectedAreas toRehabilitation'Support of Traditional Communities UNESCO forUNDPinthe isanimplementing partner DONORS PARTNERS disasters andensure sustainablerecovery. indigenous cultures; andreduce vulnerability to future gover ing to strengthenlocal tices andlessonslearnt UNESCO aims to document GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • • • • • • • • UN agencies:UNDP Network), CUSRI, ChulalongkornUniversity NGOs: CODI, APPAN (Asia-Pacific Performing Arts Government: of Education(MOE) Ministry an emphasisonseagypsytraditional cultures. materials with curricula Developing localschool andtheir naturalpeople resources. onindigenous fortourists Developing booklets management areas. inprotected options andproviderecommendationsfor co- Workshops withrelevant stakeholderstoexplore people. of Moken hutsexhibiting ontraditionalculture Rebuilding use. community andfor to andskills transfer seagypsyknowledge Constructing oftraditionalboatsandnature trails sunami Affected areas in Thailand UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION FOREDUCATION, oups ofpeoplewhoselifestyle, languages onservation regulation. among thesecommunities, aim- and disseminate bestprac- nment capacity; promote will promote cul- willpromote SCIENCE ANDCULTURE (UNESCO) stakeholders andsectors. recognition andpreparednessadaptabletovarious relevant education for materials disasterprevention, mation dissemination, oflocally aswell asproduction formulation throughpolicy communicationandinfor- cific Education forNatural Disaster Preparedness inAsia-Pa- ments can benoted: 2005,By theendofOctober thefollowing keyachieve- RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS PERIOD PROGRAMME Rawai andSirey. and LhaoIsland; andtheUrak Lawoi Island, inLipe two seagypsygroups: Islands intheSurin theMoken Nga, Ranong, Phuket provinces, andSatun involving nities in Tsunami-Affected covers Areas' project Phang of toRehabilitation The 'Support Traditional Commu- LOCATION • • • • • • • • isaninitiative thataimstoinform education and security. personal documents forthedevelopment ofhuman prepare ofLhaoIsland to householddata Collecting Adang Archipelago. Islandsand oftheSurin GIS mappingofpart collected andkeyed intocollected adatabase. All householddataontheLhao Islands hasbeen village. the Moken boats tourists andwillusethemto around take finishedbuilding theirtraditional The Moken people. oftheMoken revive knowledge ethno-botanical The cultural developedto naturetrailhasbeen culture, compatible withenvironmental conservation. as wellsuitableways totheMoken preserve developmentshared ideasabout andconservation fromRepresentatives Gover Islands; ontheMokenandSurin Hospital washeld atKhuraburi Meeting A stakeholder for GISmapping.collected SurinIslandshave anddata The beensurveyed July 2005-March 2006 nment andNGOs • • • • • • being developed.being materials on Urak Lawoi and EnglishonUrak Lawoi culture; andvideo of places; books, posters, andpamphletsin Thai visitors), includingGISmapsonUrakLawoi sense Educational materials peopleand (for bothlocal Adang Archipelago. createdbeen Adang andusedatBan School, Ko Urak Lawoi has traditional andlocalknowledge developmentThe schoolcurriculum integrating the Moken, especiallychildrenandteenagers. villagehasbeenbuiltbyinvolvingvisitors at Moken The interpretive centre toprovide information for School, Lipe Island. a result oftrainingfor manualhasbeenproduced,A localcurriculum as the othercommunities. would liketolearnfrom and theissuesthatthey faced bydiscuss theproblems theirown community, representativesA meetingamongtheMoken to created.been communities for has Moken The schoolbooklet teachers fromAdang BanKo teachers loi ruafestival arenow

69 ANNEXES 70 ANNEXES health (RH)careobjectives. with mediumto longer-term reliefandreproductive identified several areasneeding immediate action, FoundationVision of TheThailand mission (WVFT). Research (IPSR), University(MU)andthe Mahidol World Health (MOPH), theInstitute for Population andSocial ofHealth(DOH),with theDepartment ofPublic Ministry four oftheworst provinces affected incollaboration UNFPA afield-basedneedsassessment in conducted PROGRAMMES tsunamifunds). round ofun-earmarked through UNRCOO/HC and96,759fromOCHAsecond from UNFPA Headquarters, USD 400,000from OCHA atotalamountofUSD996,759(USD500,000 received 2005,As ofOctober theUNFPA has Country Office DONORS PARTNERS and counseling. health, includingbehavioural changecommunication equality, HIVprevention andadolescent reproductive focusing safe motherhood, familyplanning, gender health needsofthelocalpopulation andthemigrants approved. These aimedto addressthereproductive provinces, were two projects recovery formulated and outinfourment missioncarried oftheworst-affected Based onrecommendations needsassess- fromakey response totheemergencies. UNFPA hasprovided USD500,000in Headquarters andPhuket. inRanong Inaddition, of Thailand (WVFT) Foundationby World implemented Vision being project mobile clinicsundertheexisting UNFPA-funded and migrant by affected workers thetsunamithrough provided immediate relief people assistancetothelocal In theinitialresponse to thecrisis, UNFPA Thailand GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • • Department ofHealth(DOH), Department Government: ofPublic Health (MOPH), Ministry Mahidol University (MU) University Mahidol Institute f NGOs:Thailand,of Foundation World the Vision or Popula UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND(UNFPA) tion and Social Research (IPSR), Research tion andSocial workers communities: a) Thai communities by affected thetsunami; b)migrant similar services, buttodifferent target communities: 2005. inJanuary conducted areproviding Bothprojects recommendations from theNeedAssessment Mission Two were tsunami projects approved following the • a)About 5,000 migrant workers andtheirfamilies 5,000 migrant workers a)About • • other activities. centres andmobileclinicsamong health service counseling, throughexistingornewone-stop teers care; involvement healthvolun- ofcommunity/youth basic needsandsanitation; obstetric emergency volunteer groups. covers:The project provision of providers andcommunity opment ofhealthservice developed communities; devel- and(2)capacity and adolescents andolderpersonsinthenewly mation, for women, counseling andservices men, (1) improved healthinfor- accesstoreproductive addresses two ofthemosturgent areas: andneedy Tsunami Affected Areas in Thailand workers inPhangworkers NgaandRanong. migrant amongtsunami-affected a BaselineSurvey the hardtoreach clients. The IPSR/MUconducted points andtheUNFPA-funded mobileclinicsfor delivery through theexistingservice services for provisionthe project of generalandRHcare populationand 4,000local have beenreachedby Nga, Ranong, andKrabi Phuket provinces. their families, populations andb)local inPhang components, cover to TsunamiAreas Affected The The groups. refinedtobeen since meettheneedsoftarget best September 2005. The intervention has project menting agencies, stakeholdersand thepublicin findings werepublishedanddisseminated toimple- Chulalongkorn University (CU)andtheresearch by theCollegeducted ofPublic (CPH), Health was con- Assessment andBaselineSurvey A Rapid Expanding ReproductiveExpanding HealthCare Services Reproductive Health Care in Services including women andgirls, trauma related ing: a)migrant and workers project hastwo project project Tsunami Affected Areas H Expanding Reproductive Project THATE206- PERIOD PROGRAMME Ranong, provinces. andKrabi Phuket UNFPA are beingcarried outinPhangNga, projects LOCATION mented. the fundsfor thisyearhave activities beenimple- by theproject. At 2005, theendofOctober 85.71%of To date, morethan12,000 peoplehave covered been in Areas Thailand in Reproductive HealthCare Services Tsunami Affected RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS June 2006. March -December2005; component b)September- March 2005-December 2006; Project THA8R206 - Thailand in Areasin Tsunami Affected • • • targeting communities local started b)The project obstetric services to approvedobstetric services standards. SPDsareproviding emergency 100% ofselected needs oftheolderpersons. y cially provision, counseling andinterpersonal skills, espe- integrated, gender-sensitive, age-specificservice providers than90%ofthetargetMore group ofservice to theestablishedStandardsofCare. HIV information, according counselingandservices reproductiveand age-specific health, familyplanning, operational, providing integrated, gender-sensitive points (SDPs) are delivery 80%ofservice Over completion. project andafter during interventions for andsustainable effective marketing and social needsassessment participatory community-based bySTIs andunintended applying pregnancy programmes focusing onprevention ofHIV/AIDS, torun health theirreproductive the community areas. aimstoinvolve, It mobilizeandempower Administration (TAO) Offices inthetarget provinces intherespective andthe Health Offices withcooperationrecently fromtheProvincial Public outh-friendly communicationouth-friendly skills; RH has beentrainedinproviding quality, Reproductive HealthCareServices Reproductive , component a)duration ealth Care Services to ealth Care Services , duration: of theassistance. avoid duplication ofwork andensuretheeffectiveness shouldbeimproved authorities to and concerned among implementing agencies, donors, stakeholders LessonsClose collaboration learned: andcommunications among others. staffandvolunteers, ofBurmese-speaking shortage the deadlinefor migrant registration worker anda of theindicators despite constraintssuch asenforcing proved to ontherighttrackandhave be achievedmost havethe needsassessment andthebaseline survey from based ontheevidenceandrecommendations whichhave interventions The project designed been Areas Affected Expanding Reproductive Health Care to Services Tsunami • • • service centres hasbeenestablished.service the communitiesandgovernment-run health A referral system between for RHcareandservice and STI/HIV/AIDSprevention andcounseling. offered,spacing method Ante-natal Care (ANC) includingchoice ofbirth satisfied withRHservices At least80%ofbothfemale andmaleclientsare to theapproved standards. according SDPs fourormoreANCcontacts receiving At least90%ofpregnant women selected attending

71 ANNEXES 72 ANNEXES UNITED NATIONS HIGHCOMMISSIONERFORREFUGEES Thailand intsunamiresponse. outby hasbeencarried UNHCRin activity No further shelter.the fundsbe usedforemergency ofForeign Affairs,Ministry withthesuggestionthat tsunami UNHCR madeacontribution of50,000USDto the RECOVERY CONTRIBUTION TO TSUNAMI RELIEFAND assistance account establishedby the Thai (UNHCR) living withoraffected byHIV/AIDS). for parentstraining andchildren andotherservices and providing care, support, counselling, vocational to withyoung prevent people (working newinfections positive behaviours towards children), andHIV/AIDS information for familiesandcommunities(promoting vulnerable communitiesandmonitoringchildnutrition); formaternal andchildhealth nutritionservices children, andadvocating for theirrights); health(integrated the situation ofchildren, andmigrant including minority of education); andevaluation monitoring (assessing (getting allchildren andimproving into school quality safe from abuse, andexploitation); neglect education and othervulnerable children children and keeping social counselling, monitoring thesituation oforphans environment); childprotection (providing psycho- expert sure schoolshave water safe andahealthy drinking covers: UNICEF's support water andsanitation(making tsunami recovery andrehabilitation effort. theRoyal in supporting Thai Government's longer-term Country Team in Thailand, UNICEFplays apivotal role Nations United the by effort coordinated a of part As GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY Faculty ofPublic Health, University, Mahidol Centre for UK, Muslim Youth Association, InstituteofNutrition and World FoundationVision of Thailand, Save theChildren Foundation, WHO, UN HI Centre, Network Knowledge Institute, Pattanarak for ChildandFamily Development, Thai Breastfeeding NationalInstituteofChildHealth,Sirikit National Institute to Local Government Organization Committee,Queen Provincialand Statistics Offices, ofDecentralization Office National Department, Relations Public of Thailand's Public andHospitals, Health Offices District Government Provincial Local Administration andDistrict Offices, Offices, Provincial PublicHealthandEducation Offices, Resources andEnvironment, Area Education Service ofLocalAdministration,Department ofNatural Ministry ofMentalHealth,Department ofInterior, Ministry MOI sion, ofPublic Health, Ministry ofHealth, Department ofEducation,Ministry Offic ofSocialDevelopment andHumanSecurity,Ministry PARTNERS UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'SFUND(UNICEF) V/AIDS Theme Group Partners, Group V/AIDS Theme e ofBasicEducation Commis- in Thailand,fundraising. local through governments, aswell asprivate companies andindividuals UNICEF NationalCommittees, private individualsand thematic These programmes arefundedby UNICEFglobal DONORS Association, Radio Thailand Institute,Organizations Development Thai Youth News Home,Kanjanapisak Institute, Rajanukul Community University,Prince ofSongkla Walailak University, the Protection ofChildren's Rights, University, Kaen Khon The tsunamihasresultedin ProtectionChild PROGRAMMES Key objectives: children -includingthose withoutparents. for adequate protection to ensure themostvulnerable programme, measures special andto take recovery through abroad community-based psychosocial aspossible,as quickly toprovide psychological support accelerate wereto attheoutsetofemergency Priorities ploited. school, ofbeingtrafficked, ex- abusedorsexually increased further inc The lossof provinces are now more affected vulnerable. six the in nisms thatprotect down mecha- familyandcommunity ofthenormal • • • • cation Sector). allchildrenreturnEnsure toschool(see Edu- that them withtheirimmediate orextended families. systemsand ensurethat arein place toreunite separatedIdentify and/or unaccompanied children support. and orientation for thesegroups onchildcareand workers,health andcommunity provide training Provide psychosocial toteachers and support available psychosocial specialised care andsupport. to childrenandtheirfamiliesmake support Strengthen for care capacities psychosocial and emergency funds,emergency withcontributionsfrom the return to normalcy for affected children affected for tonormalcy the return omes for around 35,000familieshas the riskofchildrendroppingout children. Around 50,000children the weak ening andbreak-

73 ANNEXES 74 ANNEXES threatening for children. diarrhea orotherinfectious for vulnerablefamilies-toprevent outbreaks of wateradequate andsanitation drinking -particularly werePriorities ensure at to theoutsetofemergency and roads. were damagedalongwithphysical damagetohouses cases, piped water systems andsanitation systems for mostvillagersintsunami-affected areas. In other almost 500shallow wells, water thesourceofdrinking cases thiswascaused by seawater contamination of sanitation for anestimated 50,000people. Inmost The tsunamiresultedininterrupted water supplyand Water andEnvironmental Sanitation Key objectives: friends andtheschoolenvironment. ofteachers,school benefitfrom theprotectivesupport helping children's to lives normal. return inChildren contributions to is oneofthesinglemostimportant ensure that Priorities wereto attheoutsetofemergency classrooms . ing temporary purchasedorborrowed,school materials anderect- ing for example, repair todamagedschoolbuildings, continued arrangements were madetoensure thatchildren quickly loststudentsorteachers.and others Alternative stroyed Twenty sixschoolswere damagedorde- directly 20 districts, were by affected thetsunamiinsomeway. Around 20percent ofschools, for 50,000children, in Education • • • • returnnormalcy to attendance issustainedasacontribution to the opening, tothisdate, oras closeaspossible and 4 All childrenare backtoschoolfortheJanuary tsunami systems inall Strengthening childprotection ity education ahigh-qual- attended pre-tsunami), school receiving All children inschool(includingthosewhonever programme ofthepsychosocial recoveryschools aspart for in play andrecreation opportunities Ensure their learning withoutinterruption,their learning includ- children were children -affected areas. able to return to school. to return able to This diseases thatwouldbelife- Key objectives: incomes. islands to themainland.S their houses. Families werer shelterstemporary whileawaitingtherebuildingof 8,000peoplelosttheirhomesandwereOver livingin and nutrition) (food, multi-sectoralDirect support water, shelter, health Key objectives: Child Protection RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS and are to expected continue through2008. areUNICEF programmes mid-to long-term inperspective PERIOD PROGRAMME provinces. UNICEF projects are being carriedoutinallsixaffected LOCATION Key objectives: industry.due totheconstruction up offamilyunitsandincreasedmobilityworkers areasasaresultaffected ofeconomicstress, thebreak The risksofHIVtransmissionhave increasedintsunami- HIV/AIDS • • • successes: Major • • • • with adequate water andsanitation schools All earlychildhoodcentres andprimary facilities household useaswellwithadequate sanitation children withadequate water andfor for drinking families andchildren camps/shelters intemporary All The strong psychosocial recovery programme for for children andaffected Care andsupport infected themselves protect All young people are aware ofHIV/AIDSandto for vulnerablechildren throughoutreach healthy services andnutrition primary Ensuring food, education andshelter where neededintheareasofhealth, nutrition, vide cash, supplies, technicalandlogisticssupport tomonitor theresponse thisemergency,pro- and outbreaks. Inclosecollaboration withdistricts, andpreparedness fordisease support sectoral response formulti- emergency Strengthen ome elocated fromoutlying 35,000 familieslosttheir Education Water andEnvironmental Sanitation Key results largelyattributabletoUNICEFaction: • successes: Major • • • • Key results largelyattributabletoUNICEFaction: • successes: Major • • • • • Key results attributabletoUNICEFaction: populations outbreaks ofwaterNo diseaseamongaffected borne to psychosocial -linked books recovery programme equipmentandreadingplay andrecreation (sports child development for centres withopportunities 141,000 children in550schoolsand250 young for 200children) school costs to/from shelters (transport in temporary protect School attendance schools) in 12temporary cleaners, restored water andsanitation andelectricity school teachersand12temporary 15 temporary Tsunami damagedschoolsrehabilitated (hire of lost parents through education emergency grants attendanceSchool protected who for 700children haveschool. to returned areasof the300,000childrenintsunamiaffected levels. Three months thetsunamialmostall after Current schoolattendance isneartopre-tsunami project) play andrecreation (jointfundingwithEducation child development for centres withopportunities 141,000 children in550schoolsand250young materials (back-packkits) psychosocialreading50,000 childrenwithessential (16,000 printed materials disseminated) on"helpingchildren copewithgrief" knowledge Families, teachers andsocial workers withimproved for children activities childhood care givers trained inpsychosocial recovery workers, social 500 Government andearly teachers 150,000 childreninsixprovinces Psychosocial launchedfor programme recovery tohelpchildren'spsychosocial recovery.pects courage as- important -very recreational activities andplay equipmenttoen- receiving sports now schools 150,000 children. Some140,000children in800 and young childdevelopment centres are ed for200childrenliving and nutrition) (food, multi-sectoralDirect support water, shelter, health HIV/AIDS Key results largely attributabletoUNICEFaction: • • • Major successes: • • • • • Major successes: • • • • • • • • • • • • relief operations tolocal administrations for support their sectoral The rapidnatureoftheresponse toprovide multi- No majorissuesinhealthandnutritionemerged displaced families. offood,Adequacy shelter andwater for alltemporarily planned for 500 Assessments in800schoolswithimprovements Water tanks, purificationequipment for shelters schools Water supplyandsanitation for 12temporary shelters 18 temporary Water supplyandsanitation for 2,000familiesin phase Programmes areintheearlyimplementation children education families andorphaned toprotect term grants for 500vulnerable short Emergency in 7districts scalefundingforSmall restoration oflivelihoods families and ethnicminority Temporary housingandrepair for 1,200displaced networks Young throughyoung peopleactivities people food supplyforEmergency 1,000children underfive - 300,000people, 50,000 children Facts for life printed materials forfamilies, schools School clean-upcampaignsin12schools schools for 30 provided lunchsupport andemergency Classroom equipmentreplaced, uniforms school children livingonislands teachersforHire of4temporary ethnicminority and dataentry Stipends for government staffindatacollection families visitstovulnerable teams assessmentandmonitoring Transport andcommunicationscostsfor 15district child care practices /information including; shelter, food, health, nutrition, education, HIV/AIDS, in foraction for support 15districts Emergency

75 ANNEXES 76 ANNEXES held inIndonesia, at whichnational delegations could regional practices workshop lessons learnedandbest These exercises local were followed, inJune2005, bya Government, United Nationssystem, andNGOsector. fromthe ofkeyactors countries withtheparticipation national lessonslearned exercises intheworst-affected Five thetsunami, monthsafter OCHAorganized humanitarian andthepriority media onthetsunami'simpact ensured acontinuous flow ofinformation totheworld forOffice AsiaandthePacific inBangkok, OCHAalso coverage ofoutstandingneeds. Through itsRegional andtocommunity advocate vis-a-visdonorsfor the consolidate thefinancialrequirementsofinternational worked locally, regionally andatinternational level to needs linkedtothefirstresponse. Thereafter, OCHA the amount ofUSD50,000, tocover limited priority was provide financialsupport, alsoabletoquickly in Drawing Cash upon Grant itsEmergency facility, OCHA phase oftheresponse. inplace throughouttheinitial remained experts, consisted ofseven international disaster response coordination at various levels. The UNDAC Team, which needs,ments to establishhumanitarian andfacilitate authorities,military assess- helporganize inter-agency team was abletoliaisewith relevant government and (UNDAC) Team to areas. Bangkokandtheaffected This andCoordinationNations DisasterAssessment began withtheimmediate deployment ofaUnited In Thailand, efforts for emergency OCHA'ssupport level.a regional relief projects, andresolvinglogistical bottlenecksat managing information, facilitating contributions to Country Teams andlocalauthorities. included This work Coordinators, Resident/Humanitarian UN supporting OCHA worked ofreliefby tofacilitate thedelivery tsunami, withthemvast bringing quantities ofaid, and to the26December 2004earthquake response deployedOcean regionandaroundtheworld in personnelfromtheIndian As aidworkersandmilitary RECOVERY CONTRIBUTION TO TSUNAMI RELIEFAND needs. OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA) OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION emergencies, groups. ofvulnerable andtheprotection proved utilization ofresources in andmanagement sive nationalpreparedness andresponse plan, im- ings alsocalledforthedevelopment ofacomprehen- of life wasexperienced intheaffected areas. Mainfind- loss limitedsecondary thathighlighted very bythefact Government tothetsunamihadbeeneffective, as agreed that theresponse oftheRoyal participants Thai ways ofimproving preparedness. emergency Specifically, helped to highlightareasofsuccessfulresponseand workshop in Thailand was heldon30-31May 2005and increased regional response preparedness. The national for andbuildpartnerships exchange experiences UNITED NATIONS OFFICEONDRUGS ANDCRIME DONORS PARTNERS in Thailand. villages, withtheEmbassyofGermany inpartnership activities,sports run by anNGOintsunami-affected drug preventionsupporting campaignsthrough UNODC RegionalCentre forEastAsiaandthePacific is GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY year beganinAugust ofone 2005forThe project aperiod PERIOD PROGRAMME Three villagesinPhangNgaprovince LOCATION -- drugabuse. to prevent themfromdeveloping apotential problem relieving men children asameansof andyoungpeople insports of Puteo, andBangsaktoengage200 Bangmuang localcommunitiesinthevillages supports The project in Phang Ngaprovince. the aftermath ofthetsunami, inthreeaffected villages who have suffered frompost-traumaticstressduring drug prevention awareness amongchildren andyouth to promote focuses onsports supported The project PROGRAMMES • • • Germany, 10,000Euros NGOs: DuangPrateep Foundation (DPF) Government: EmbassyofGermany tal healthandemotionaldifficulties (UNODC)

77 ANNEXES 78 ANNEXES PROJECT GOALS ANDACHIEVEMENTS Nearly USD4.85Million TOTAL FUNDINGANDEXPENDITURE September 2005throughApril2007 PROJECT DURATION Krabi, Phang Nga, Ranong, andSatun provinces LOCATION PARTNERS DONORS Better' in Thailand. groupsarealsokeyto'BuildBack other civilsociety communities, non-governmental organizations and building ownership, capacity, oflocal andparticipation Encouraging thetesting ofinnovative methodsand andaccesseconomic toservices. meansofsurvival aswell theirlivelihood asto helpthemrecover restore their social, culturalandenvironmental assetsand communities andvulnerable groups, to helprebuild totsunami-affected Bank aimstoprovide support Through programmes, itstsunamirecovery The World GOAL • • • • Vision and Vision The AsiaFoundation (PDA), theRoyal Government of Thailand, World Population Community Development Association Thai Foundation, theLocal Development Institute, The World includetheChumchon Bank'spartners Fund Government Development ofJapan'sJapanSocial will be provided towill be communities tofund specific of thecoastalandmarineecosystem. Sub-grants communities, sustainable management andsupport andleadership intraumatized provide support groupstocommunity strengthentheirabilitiesto in , with onworking focused tothe Response Tsunami Affected Communities World Bank The three grants willbeadministered through the • • • • legal and related support services. legal andrelated support Providers andtoenablethemaccess Service together Aid Referral Centre bring to asahubto serve lives throughtheestablishmentofa Tsunami Legal ofthetsunamito helpthemrebuild their survivors Provide for poor andvulnerable legalaidservices trauma. are eligiblefor,they andcope withpsychological economic marginalized groups) andhelpthemrecover households, drugusersandotherpotentially injecting andvulnerablechildren,orphans poor extremely workers, ethnicminorities, Thailand to assistvulnerable populations (migrant Tsunami on Vulnerable Populations inSouthern Post-Emergency Responseto ofthe theEffects tion. comp Two forcleanupandreconstruc-private companies sector established a International Finance Corporation (IFC)hasalso grantee financialmanagement training programme; training civicparticipation andsub- development ofdatabases; andpublicinformation referral training andidentification workshops; building throughcase andcapacity Outreach identified by thecommunity themselves. and uniqueneedsnotmetfromothersources, and vulnerable people andtheappropriate vulnerable people means ofsurvival, which accessservices THE WORLD BANK THE WORLD tsunami facility to providetsunami facility grantsto anies have utilizedthissofar. the disabled, elderly, School feeding programme: PROGRAMMES the IndianOcean region (Immediate Account) Response for fund emergency central the WFP from for Thailand foodUSD 500,000ofemergency assistancewas provided DONORS Royal Thai Government, UNICEF, andothers PARTNERS was identifiedby WFP for food emergency assistance: a few thedisaster, daysafter atwo-pronged approach UNDAC missionincooperation withthe Thai Government, outwiththe Based ontheneedsassessment carried GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY Affected vulnerable families: tsunami-relatedprovided inputsin further Thailand. assistancewasrequired,No further so WFP hasnot • • • • reception centres, villagesthat had beenbadlyhit were madeavailable through various temporary areas forathree-month period. Food commodities most vulnerablefamiliesinthe tsunami-affected WFP assistanceprovided basicfood suppliestothe of students up reachingmorethantheanticipated number needed it. lunchprogrammeWFP's school ended provide a to inthetsunami-affected areas most schools lunchprogrammement's existing school andenabled oiltovegetable complementthegovern- cooking used food commoditiesofrice, cannedfishand child (equivalent ofonetotwo dishesofrice). WFP students, theaverage at allowance of6bahtper were onlyusuallyavailable for some30%ofthe had anon-goingschoollunchprogramme, funds were withoutjobs. thatschools thefact Despite many losttheirhomes, andmany children'sparents mentioned sixprovinces; somelosttheirparents, by affected thetsunamiinabove-or indirectly An estimated 8,000studentswere eitherdirectly provinces assisting vulnerablefamiliesinthesixaffected theongoingschoolfood programme supporting nutritious lunchfor allthepupilswho WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) WORLD FOODPROGRAMME was provided for athree-monthperiod year (200days); food assistance tovulnerablefamilies The schoollunchprogramme lastedonefullschool PERIOD PROGRAMME Phang Nga,Ranong, Krabi, Trang andSatun the sixprovinces mostaffected by thetsunami: Phuket, WFP assistedindividuals, familiesandcommunitiesin LOCATION RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS • • mately 15,000people) vulnerableaffected families(reachingapproxi- WFP assistancewas provided formorethan3,000 provincesthe sixaffected received WFP assistance Approximately 11,255students in767schools oil fish andvegetablecooking intheform ofrice,WFP assistancecame canned identified by NGOsandgovernment local bodies. by thetsunami, aswell asvulnerableindividuals

79 ANNEXES 80 ANNEXES RESULTS ANDACHIEVEMENTS context, WHO hasfundedover 30projects, including: a work planfor the Tsunami process. Recovery Inthis the government, ofPublic developed Health theMinistry with outincollaboration Based onassessmentscarried PROGRAMMES PARTNERS phase to therehabilitation phase. and coordination ofdisaster relief from theemergency with thedevelopment, implementation, monitoring WHO closelywiththe Thailand hassinceworked organization involved intsunamirelief. work ofhundredshealthagenciesandnongovernmental assisting thehealthauthoritiesincoordination ofthe of disease. Oneof roleswas WHO's mostimportant systemsup surveillance to monitor any possible outbreak logistics, res (NewDelhi).in theregional Office WHO facilitated was activated establishedanda24-hourOperations Room Within hoursofthetsunami, a WHO Tsunami Task Force GOALS FOR TSUNAMI RECOVERY • • • • • • • • • • • • Government: ofPublic Health(MOPH) Ministry ists in all facets of emergency preparedness ists inallfacets ofemergency Increased capacitybuilding of technicalspecial- Improved information systems Strengthened publichealthinfrastructure ment andpreparednessin Thailand healthmanage- Guidelinesforemergency Revised training programmes for healthvolunteers Centreand Health oftheMental Establishment Prevention ofdiseaseepidemic Documentation andsharingofexperience. motion, careand treatment services Development ofenvironmental health, healthpro- of disasteronchildren) psychological effects inthelong-term (particularly Psychological care andmental healthsupport Strengthening andresponse diseasesurveillance tals andhealthsettings inbuildinghospi- aspects including engineering indisaster preparedness Strengthening expertise tored medicalsupplychains, andhelpset WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) MOPH improvement responsetodisasters. inhealthsector systems inthefuture. areas Several were key identified response could leadto changesinemergency significant lessons from thetsunami, andtheirimplementation, ofthetsunamiinPhuket, Thailand,aspects thatthe and at aninternational meetingtodiscusshealth was atvariousIt recognized level country meetings Lessons Learnt: WHO's Experience active publichealth surveillance. active mobilization, localcoordination ofreliefactivities, and written disaster andrehearsed plans, for rapid capacity The in experiences Thailand underscore thevalue of • • • • • • • sponse. migrant healthanddisasterpreparedness andre- medicine, psycho-social care, epidemiology, and inareas offorensic Increased technicalcapacity were abletorespond better. Countries that hadabetter healthinfrastructure toanyeffectively disaster, isessential. preparedness The clearmessagethatcameoutistorespond populations, wasalsoconsideredimportant. problems byresponse specific faced to crisis-affected professional to networks helpimprovefunctioning Updated guidance, andevidence-based andwell emphasized. ofcoordination,and theimportance was also The needforasingle, integrated response system, area. important Application ofstandardized methodswas another r vulnerability health elements ofdisaster preparedness and the Increased fundingisalsoneededtosupport reduction. vulnerability managementand health issuesindisasterrisk the desireto toaddress strengthen theircapacity a disasterstrikes. National expressed governments of people'shealthsituation andtheirneedswhen apromptassessment The firstwas toundertake eduction. post emergency period: post emergency of part taken as AUSAID canbedividedbetween thoseunder- projects PROJECTS ofPublic Health. Ministry Bangkok and ChiefMedicine, ofEmergency Rajavithi Hospital, ofHumanServices, Government Department Victorian of Education, of Office Vocational EducationCommission, of Education, Scienceand Training, Thailand Ministry of Ministry Tourism andSport, Australian Department ofIndustry TourismDepartment andResources, Thai Slater,Manager Julian Kenyon International, Australian (AFP), FederalKent, Agent Karl ForensicOperations AUSAID Federal includeAustralian partners Police PARTNERS DONORS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS 16.95. Thailand isUSDMillion funding by AUSAID ontsunami-related in projects have 1.57. cost aprojected ofUSDMillion The total expended On pastandcurrent projects, AUSAID hasalready TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE 26 December 2004-ongoing. PROJECT PERIOD Tsunami provinces. affected LOCATION " Initial response projects includeddeployment Initialresponse of projects " • • • an AusAID officerintheUNDAC team; sendingof Training. Program Medical andEmergency Linkages Sector Tourism, Coastal Rehabilitation, Reef Asia Public Identification andRepatriation,Victim Sustainable includedDisaster Post efforts period emergency relief, assessmentandidentificationefforts. authorities,of local aidsurrounded initialresponse Closely coordinated withthenationalcapacities The Australian Government. USD Million 1.54.USD Million future efforts Expected the director ofNarenthornthe director Centre ofthe the initialresponseandthosein • • • • eration. Transnational Crime andDeveloping Police Coop- on re-signed aMemorandum ofUnderstanding other. Inlightofthis, theRTPandAFPrecently technical data, methods, fromeach andtolearn forallcountries involved toenhance opportunity an tremendously.capacity The operation hasprovided communityhasimprovedtional DVI disasterresponse AFP officers, theRoyal Thai Police andtheInterna- International, adisastermanagementcompany, Repatriation pr istheDisaster Identificationand efforts Victim The largest AUSAID period ofpost emergency (PSLP) is usedforcontinued tsunami-related assistance. (PSLP) Program Asia Linkages Public Sector The for Thailand incoastalresourcemanagement. counterparts of and sustainednetworks Thai and Australian management adoptedbyprovincial governments; concepts ofcollaborative andintegrated coastal structure; coastal zone managementdecision-making ment forthetwo areas; animproved collaborative major elementsofcoastalzone resource manage- outputsinclude:Expected shareddatabases with andadjacent coastalMai areasin . inPhangNgaProvincein Similan andHatChao resources. development focuses onpartnership It guidelines for sustainabledevelopment ofcoastal Coastal Rehabilitation, Reef whichaimsto develop projects, emergencyperiod ofpost Also part is communities.for affected outcomes intourism anddevelopment reconstruction help the Thai government todeliver sustainable of improved building, planningandcapacity itwill in theAndamanCoastalzone. Through aframework through theencouragementofsustainedtourism southerncoastalregionstsunami-affected The Sustainable Tourism aimsat reviving project mission team. sites; Australian NGOassistance; andanassessment a Forward Command Post andthree mortuary process ofthetsunamivictims; establishment of for of37specialists team theidentification an AFPDVI process;of theDisaster Identification (DVI) Victim Federal Police (AFP)leadershipinthecoordination teams andsuppliestomedical Phuket; Australian oject. ofKenyonWith thesupport AUSAID

81 ANNEXES 82 ANNEXES AusAID's futuretsunamiactivities: • • • its own resources. licate itinotherareas fromwithin ofthecountry to maintainthisstrategygain theability andrep- relief andeconomic agencies. Inthis, Thailand will ing withnational andprovincial security, disaster response,sideration ofpolicy link- andreal-time cal information, coordinated andfast-trackedcon- rapid acquisitionanddissemination ofevent-criti- responses riskgovernment events, to andindustry events, rapid acquisitionanddissemination of of government responses to risk andindustry Phuket. willprovide for integratedIt management implementation ofarisk management strategy for The Disaster Preparedness willfocus on efforts health responses. disaster management capacity, andemergency medicine,cialist emergency future andtoenhance management system toestablishtraininginspe- hospitalsandemergency within theBangkok doctors. aimstobuildorganizational It capacity oping systems for training medicine ofemergency Medical The Emergency Training isdevel- project bilateral andregionallinkages. of sustainabledevelopment-focused publicsector strengthening countries andwillsupport partner counterpart institutionsin to theirpublicsector andexpertise skills transfercapacity-building them to compete forto gran as Australianpublicuniversities, theopportunity federal, governments, state andterritory aswell andagenciesofAustralian offers departments It Australian vocational trainingexpertise. collegesthrough theuseof andcommunity cal andtourismat vocational,tality affected techni- of ity Thai vocationalinhospi- traininginstructors Centre establishedto enhancethecapac- willbe and Tourism Hospitality A Thai-Australian Training t funding. These fundswillallow PROJECT PERIOD Nga, andRanong. Four provinces: tsunamiaffected Phuket, Krabi, Phang LOCATION project. Centre Substitution onKhoSiray inPhuketand aBoat are: ofanAustria-Phuket Construction Community financed byA There are two in reconstruction projects Thailand PROJECTS in reconstruction aidefforts Thailand. zation, allcontributedto Office Fishery andthelocal ProvincialAustria," thePhuket Administration Organi- Chamber ofCommerce, NGO"Hilfswerk theAustrian ofEconomicsandLabour,Ministry theAustrian Federal Car,Hilfswerk, Bund. andArbeiter Samariter The Federal withtheAustrian NGOsCaritas,partnered Kreuz, Rotes For aidefforts, itshumanitarian theAustrian Government PARTNERS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE • • • • tion andeducation. centreThe handicraft willbe sourceofinforma-der tooffer themameaningful inor- community will beopentothelocal brary eye specialist, andagynaecologist. The publicli- care centre willinclude ageneralpractitioner, an training centre, handicraft centre. The basichealth tre, 3) healthcare centre library 2)community mainbuildings1)Nursery, three prise cen- care kid Centre Community The Austria-Phuket willcom- "Hilfswerk Austria." NGO areoutbytheAustrian carried projects Both Commerce. of FederalLabour aswell astheAustrian Chamber funded by ofEconomics theFederal and Ministry Centre isUSD Thousand 586.22. are Bothprojects The totalcost Community oftheAustria-Phuket ber 2007. to becompleted2005 andisexpected inDecem- Work Centre ontheCommunity beganinMarch ustrian publicandprivateustrian funds. These RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • with the boat makersineachprovince.with theboat andkeepcontact inspections tomake Fishery Office Phang Nga, andRanong). withthelocal Partnered infourfishermen provinces (Phuket, Krabi, local aimstosupport The Boat Substitutionproject have beenproduced. In total, 18fishingboats, enginesandfishingtools theday. during nursery course, bringtheirchildrentothe andtheycan intheseseminarsandtraining toparticipate ity taughtaswell.be Local women have thepossibil- OTOP for exporting ing coursesskills will products inthetrainingcentre. support necessary Intrain- CentreAustrian-Thai Community willofferthe communities tohelpalleviate rural poverty. The aimedatimprovingincomesinvillage project Government called"One Tambon, OneProduct" totheOTOP-initiativeclosely linked ofthe Thai THE AUSTRIANEMBASSY

83 ANNEXES 84 ANNEXES PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS to isvalued theDVI-team atUSD Thousand 58.63. aidaside,General humanitarian contribution Belgium's TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE months. The team's work lastedfor aperiod ofoneandahalf PROJECT PERIOD countries.affected In aDVI-team. Thailand itsupported general immediate humanitarianaidmeasuresto the The government Belgian contributed significantly to PROJECTS one andahalfmonths. of duringaperiod identification ofvictim tional effort The 33personDVI-team hasassistedwiththeinterna- THE EMBASSYOFBELGIUM and Ranong Four provinces affected ofPhuket, Phang Nga, Krabi LOCATION generation, andlivelihoodsupport. environment, healthcare, humanitarianaid, income Projects covered several areas, includingchildsupport, PROJECTS projects. also involved inavariety of astheywere supported World Canada.Vision groups Local were community Food for theHungry, Foundation, Memorial Knill and Adventist andDevelopment Relief Agency, Canadian the Tsunami.tothe include prior Thesein Thailand established groups whohadademonstrated presence with primarily The partner Canadian Embassychoseto PARTNERS their lives andlivelihoods intheaftermathoftragedy. most affected by the Tsunami sothat theycanrebuild among Tsunami andprovide victims helpforthose The aimto projects address awiderange ofneeds GOAL PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS 2,437.15. USD Thousand 2,155.04. The combinedtotal 2005is asof31October agencies received anadditionalUSD Thousand USD Thousand 282.11. anddonor Largerscaleprojects The totalfundingprovided to was small scaleprojects TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE today.continues beganwithindaysResponse ofthedisaster and PROJECT PERIOD • Improving thelives ofaffected children: these > as indicated below: addressed awiderangeSmall scale of issues projects of a school boat forthechildrenof theKrabi boat of aschool facilitators incounseling children, theprovision onthe book Tsunami tobe usedby trained scholarships, thedevelopment ofa children's includetheprovision ofeducationalprojects More specifically: assistance. and 10,294adultsin4provinces have received needed As aresultofthissupport, approximately 85,906children RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • • THE CANADIANEMBASSY A water system replacement project rebuilding ofschools ofstudentsandforfor transportation useinthe have schooldistrict Krabi accesstoaschoolboat The 70,354schoolchildrenand 3,117teachersof otherdonors.ment through requirements forintegratedscale costal manage- ment, Thailand was abletoimplementthelarge environmental rehabilitation. Following thisassess- The aimwasto provide technical assistance on monitoring ofcostalareaswasdeployed to Thailand. in theuseofremote sensingfor themappingand marine areamanagement expert, andaspecialist team consistingofanenvironmentalist, costal and Government to Prime Martin, Minister amulti-sector requestbytheRoyalAs aresultofdirect Thai through thissupport. tanks andtents, shelterswere temporary provided blankets, clothing, utensils, kitchen plasticwater rehabilitation. itemssuchasmats, Emergency enable thetransitionfromimmediate relief to wereEfforts madetomeetbasichumanneeds clinic, andtraumacounselingfor women andchildren care anddiseaseprevention, amobilemedical Provision medicalstaff, ofprofessional basichealth environmental An whichwillhelplocal project > oftheBuddhist templeinBaan Reconstruction > Incomegenerating activities: boat rebuilding, > in therebuildingoftheircommunities development of sustainable leaders incorporate principles Beach Kamala forsmallbusinesses.project opportunity, income asasecondary making and furniture School. Kheuk Khuk c and Tiew displacement camp district,school c and thecreation ofarevolving loan and environmental management onstruction ofadaycare inPhru onstruction onstruction ofthe onstruction

85 ANNEXES 86 ANNEXES • • • • • • • • • nutritious meals every daynutritious mealsevery and are providedthey support witheducational 30 childrenhave achildfriendlysafe spacewhere 452 childrenhave anewschoolbuilding generate income that beusedto tolearnskills can opportunity own furniturefortheirhomes, andhave hadan havebelongings b 3,000 familieswhohave losttheirhomesand income for thefamily a supplementary means to rebuildtheirsmallbusinessesandearn 3,000 peopleonthe Tap LaMunavy basehave the affairsoncefor religious again andcommunity Buddhist templerebuiltsothat itcanbe thecentre beach hashadtheir ofKamala The community education despite theirparent's lossofincome themtocontinuewiththeir which hasallowed 70 childrenreceived aneducational scholarship of the Tsunami to helpthemdealwiththeemotionalaftermath children have15,000 to access counselingresources income onceagain andable to earn needed tobefullyfunctioning 10 familieshave anewboat completewithsupplies development usingprinciplesofsustainable communities theyneedtorebuild their to thesupport access of Phuket, Phang Nga, Krabi andRanonghave Local provinces leadersinthefour tsunami-affected een trainedinbuildingtheir PARTNERS development. cooperation programme onenvironment andsustainable ofthe The Danish Government aspart Thai-Danish DONORS tsunami catastr To following the therehabilitationefforts support GOAL amounted to USD Thousand 1,396.22. efforts. Total 2005 disbursements asof31October USD Thousand 3,461.60was approved forrehabilitation TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE Initiated 2005-ongoing. inFebruary PROJECT PERIOD Phuket, andRanongProvinces. placeProject inKrabi, take activities Phang Nga, LOCATION PROJECTS • • • • • Rehabilitation ofProtectedRehabilitation Areas. and Activities &Community Re-housing of Wastewater Rehabilitation TreatmentFacilities of Thailand. (WMA) and; the Wastewater ManagementAuthority andEnvironment Resources ofNatural Ministry withinthe and Plant Conservation Department company; local authorities; theNational Park, Wildlife (CODI);Development Institute aDanishconsultancy Foundation includetheChumchon partners ThaiOther Assistance) at theDanishEmbassyinBangkok. (DanishInternationalthrough Danida Development Government's areimplemented projects Danish The organizations, bilater involving the Thai Government, international were identifiedthrough jointcoordination efforts inthesouthern needs for projects The Thai provinces ophe. (CTF); Organization theCommunity al donorsandlocalstakeholders. THE ROYAL DANISHEMBASSY PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS &GOALS • • established by thecitizensthemselves. becleanedthroughlocalsolutions Phang-Nga can wastewater fromrehab as anature-based wastewater plant; andthat wastewater plantonPhi-Phi Island isrehabilitated plant;based wastewater thatthedamaged expanded through ofanature- theconstruction in isrehabilitated andthecleaningcapacity that theexistingwastewaterit isexpected plant bythetsunami.affected theendofproject By projects,priority to improve water inareas quality cient capacity, through implementation ofselected that municipalitieshaveWMA andaffected suffi- The overallistoensure oftheproject objective development oncapacity for funded project WMA. established throughtheexistingDanida- structure re-established andmakesuseofthemanagement wastewater systems intheaffected areas willbe isdesignedtoensure thatdamaged project The Rehabilitation of Wastewater Treatment Facilities stakeholders will havestakeholders been established andsupported. andother amongthecommunities working established.problems willbe Furthermore, net- that solutionsto environmental specific andhousing For housingareas itisexpected another20affected environmental will have been re-habilitated andinvolved in communities that were destroyed by theendofproject,By that 3 itisexpected solved inanefficientcan be andsustainablemanner. new housingareas, where environmental problems build communities tomakethemablequickly oflocal is basedonassistancetoempowerment by thetsunami.areas affected The Danishsupport and environmental managementinlow-income of decentralised driven community rehabilitation isthepromotion The overall oftheproject objective area environmental ofurbancommunity activities. inthe activities builds onformer Danida project re-establish housingfacilitiesandlivelihoods. The was designedtohelppeople areas intheaffected The Re-housingandCommunity project Activities management oftheurbanareas. ilitated housingareasin the Tsunami

87 ANNEXES 88 ANNEXES RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • veloped andapplied. exchange andencourage replication willbede- dissemination techniquesto foster knowledge inasustainableway, reconstructed will be andthat that physical itisexpected infrastructure project tional Park, Province. Ranong Towards theendof stakeholders. The areaoffocus isLaemsonNa- sustainable managementshared amongall tsunami withresponsibilitiesandoutcomes of areas by ofprotected affected the tem functions andecosys- isrehabilitation ofbiodiversity jective hasbeen developed.eas project The overall ob- nature areas, ofProtected theRehabilitation Ar- management stakeholder ofprotected on joint As anintegrated ofanexistingDanida project part conditions. to improve theirownenvironment andliving 80 familieswiththeinhabitantshaving thecapacity mental facilitieswillbere-established foratleast livelihoods. thathousingandenviron- isexpected It re-establishtheirhousingareasandensurefuture to low-income communities by affected thetsunami community. The ofthegrant objective to support was fishermen BaanNamKhem to thebadlyaffected contributionAn extra wasprovided asassistance with otherdonors. housing hasbeeninitiated inclosecooperation for disadvantaged familieswithoutpermanent of112houses led planningprocessconstruction have beenpurchased (Phang-Nga)twoplotsofland In BaanNamKhem end September 2005. completed,been 700septictanksinstalled asof wastewater atBaanNamKhem(PhangNga)has tralised septictanksfor treatmentofgrey 2005.were initiated inOctober Provision ofdecen- land, inPatong andinBaan Pru Teau (Phang-Nga) wetland andsystems onPhi-PhiIs- constructed among localcompaniestheworks related to the Following design, publichearingsandtendering and followingacommunity- • Ranong Provinces.Ranong communities inPhang-Nga, Phuket, and Krabi of lessonslearnedhasbeenprovided to25local environmental andsharing activities community fishing equipment, improvement oflivelihoods, lishment ofpermanent housing, replacement of Assistance to community mobilization, re-estab- LOCATION Frameworkthe Sixth Programme. Information Society Technologies Programme under Prepared Asia Pro Eco IIB-Post-Tsunami Programme; Disaster component);(Tsunami Project (SSP); Support Social EU- Operations toPromote Tropical Forests in Thailand Management (CHARM);Small Grants Programme for possible: DGECHO; Coastal Habitats andResources its memberstatespr andalsomadethefollowing The ECplayed coordination animportant roleamong PROJECTS Cooperatives (BAAC) isalsoplanned. collaboration withtheBankfor Agriculture andAgricultural the Terre desHommes (Italy), andtheUNDP. Afuture ofFisheries,Department EUmemberstates' embassies, In thefollowing projects, withthe theECpartnered PARTNERS DONORS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS disaster preparedness andearlywarning arrangements. 8.20hasbeenallocatedAnother forgeneral USDMillion tsunami 2005-2006isUSD Million5.30. aidduring Total Thailand-specific ECfundingandexpenditure for TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE still beingplanned. arealready completedsome projects whileothersare 2005-2006. occurduring Most projects Accordingly, PROJECT PERIOD Ranong, Satun, and Trang. inKrabi,There areECprojects Phang Nga, Phuket, • • of grantsto aCallfor NGOsafter Proposals. These BAAC,the whichwould administerthedistribution would be implemented inclosecollaboration with areas. intsunami-affected activities Interventions of long-term economicimplementation rehabilitation fundsavailableProject (SSP)wouldmake forthe Support oftheSocial extension A proposed The Dutch Government. ness and Early ness andEarly Warning Arrangements; and DELEGATION OF THE EUROPEANCOMMISSION ojects RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • efficient housingandwater management." and disseminatingpilottechnologies for energy- hit regionsof Thailand by designing, implementing anddevelopment inthetsunami- reconstruction the tsunami"and2)"Contributing to sustainable marine resources ofLaemSonNational Park following in Thailand are: andmanagingthe 1)"Monitoring with themanagement. projects The twoselected inconjunction practices andbest European know-how environmentalto tackle problemsby transferring technical solutionstoaffected countries inorder andprovide capacity-building willsupport projects cooperation between Europe andAsia. Joint aims tofoster recovery andrehabilitationthrough The EU-AsiaPro Eco IIB-Post-tsunami Programme States. andtheMember government's coordinationefforts the between Thai asaninterface States tofunction requestedBangkok hadbeen bytheEUMember in reconstruction Thailand. The ECDelegation in foreign technical assistance forrehabilitation and up bythe Thai Government coordinate incoming to intheJoint Sub-Committee,The ECtook part set to themaintsunami-proneregions. for tsunamidetection, relevant warning andalert early would beobjective to establishoperational prototypes prevention andpreparedness zones. incoastal The for improved capacity andalert disaster warning physical risks, withafocus ondeveloping anearly advanced tomanagegeo- systems andservices would beto develop, validate anddemonstrate mation Society Technologies programme. The aim Future are possibleundertheEC'sInfor- activities and goodpractices. andregionalexchangeactivities ofinformation EastAsiafor preparedness inSouth programme oftheDIPECHO This complements thesupport warning systemof anearly intheIndianOcean. theimplementation coordinatetask to andsupport UN-ISDRto facilitate theagency's DG ECHOsupports in coastalareas. and thecreationofincome-generating activities grants couldbeused for strengtheninglivelihoods

89 ANNEXES 90 ANNEXES • • • • populations in Thailand. totheaffected andchannelsupport identify projects work oftheAndamanForum inhelpingthemto States'Member embassieshave commended the in theareaoflivelihood rehabilitation. Several EU needsanddonorassistance house for community coordination asaclearing a key rolebyfunctioning lishment oftheAndaman Forum. hasassumed It detailed needsassessmentaswell astheestab- nities, local workshop withNGOs,A stakeholder fishingcommu- the fieldofenvironment andsustainablelivelihoods. andinitiatives focusing in onactivities Activities towardsreaddressed P (CHARM)program.Management Funds were This includedtheCoastal HabitatsandResources andreconstruction. to post-tsunamirehabilitation towards contributing on-goingprojects on redirecting recoveryMedium andlong-term processes focused theirlivelihoods. andto restart activities were provided withmeanstoresumebasicfishing provinces.in Phang NgaandRanong The fishermen and women insmallscale, coastal fishingcommunities humanitarian Through DGECHOtheECwas ableto provide it regularly. opment A andcompletenessbyusingtheDevel-data quality encouraged MemberStates' embassiestoensure The ECDelegation, incooperation withUNDP, has alternative livelihooddevelopment. alternative in thefieldofcoastalresources and protection mangrove reforestation andconservation, training to various issuespertaining component) tackles Promote Tropical(Tsunami in ForestsThailand The Grants Small Programme for Operations to ssistance Database (DAD)andupdating authorities and donors resulted ina anddonorsresulted authorities aid to 2,000vulnerablefishermen ilot andDemonstration Vocational Education Commission and; LifeWild Fund. the SNRCompany; Thales; the Thai RedCross; the Thai RAID; the"Save AndamanNetwork"; Populaire; Secours Club; ONGFORSI; thePhuket Sun Shine Foundation;Village the Lamberet Company; MAE; Lyons theMarseilles French RedCross; GISTDA; theIFREMERInstitute; IRD; Committee ("Comite deSolidariteFranco-Thaie"); the Brie, ; French police fro municipalities Unit; theFrench ofForeign Affairs; Ministry French Mondialm"); theFrench and theGendarmerie military Environment ("Fonds Francais l'Environnement pour ("Foundation deFrance"); theFrench Fund forGlobal French EmbassyinBangkok; theFrench Foundation French companies suchas Total andMichelin; the du Developpement"); theFrench in community Thailand; the French for Agency Development ("Agence Francaise Essilor; theFoundation for SustainableDevelopment; Chokwatana Foundation; EDF; Entraide etSolidarite; ofFisheries;the Department Dextra; theDr. Tiam Club Mediterranean; ofCoastal Resources; theDepartment Carrefour Foundation; CIRAD; theChaipattana Foundation; Bouygues; ConsumerAssociation; theCarrefour the tion ofSailors withoutFrontiers ("MarinssansFrontieres"); of theMekong("theEnfantsduMekong"); theAssocia- ("Enfants etDeveloppement"); theAssociation ofChildren Air France; theAssocia Joining theFrench were initsactivities Accor; Republic PARTNERS today. Assistance began26December2004andcontinues PROJECT PERIOD Tsunami provinces affected in Thailand. LOCATION risks, for communities, support andchildassistance. environment, prevention andmanagement ofnatural fallsinto fourAction taken areasaccording toobjective: PROJECTS such asIssyLes Moulineaux, en Sucy tion ofChildrenandDevelopment gmen, theFranco-Thai Solidarity RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS support, andrehabilitation projects. identification,victim projects, community financial Projects aidfor includehumanitarian thevictims, disaster PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS &GOALS was loaned. projects. Another USD Thousand 23418.55to 46837.71 A totalofUSD Thousand 7808.34wasspentonthe TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE • • • • • • • • • • • • • by communities. local opment ofenvironment-friendly economic activities anddevel- parks ofnationalmarine Rehabilitation Kluei Nok and Ratchakrud district. andRatchakrud Nok Kluei This included Chee, forBaanChee Andaman Network Bang Baan launchedby for theSave projects Support in 12villagesRanong. orphansand200childreninprecarious conditions) (67 inchildcounseling andprotection taken Action Thap Tawan andKhukkhak. Assistance for40displaced at familiesincamps of fishingequipments. Financial aidfor fishingcommunities for thepurchase forof software themanagement ofblooddonations. Cross through first-aidtrainingsessionsandprovision buildingforOperational capacity the Thai Red on theAndamanSea. Cartography onpilotsites onthe Thai coastline byremotenatural risks sensing. andworkshopsSeminar ontheprevention of the Tsunamiin Tahiti.Centre Warning of seismicdataatthegeophysical of laboratory Five Thai trained onthemodelingtechniques experts research of and coastalmanagementwiththesupport station University research onmarine Kasetsart therehabilitation ofthe Project tosupport Mangrove cleaningat LanaBay inKohPhi Phi. volunteers inKoh PhiPhi. Training sessionfor policefrogmeninKrabi and Phi Phi. bed andcoral reefsSea cleaningconducted inKoh THE FRENCHEMBASSY institutes.

91 ANNEXES 92 ANNEXES • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • tering. courses for300staffinhotel managementandca- modulesstaff to andadvanced setupcourse Training membersand hotel coursefor 40faculty at Kamala Village. of10housesaswell as8newones Reconstruction province ofPhangNga. of20housesinPakReconstruction Jokvillage, fishermen inBaanNamKem. developmentBass aquafarming for agroup of50 in housebuildingandboat repairing. andtrain students to supervise andKrabi Phuket louse at the Technical Colleges Nga, ofPhang from theInstitutNational Polytechnique de Tou- Six-month internshipfor students engineering Toey, Daandistrict, Bor Tai district. Mueng Baan Thung Rak, ofKhuraburi, district Baan Na upoftwoSetting shipyards usingglassfiber at for thebuildingofanother160boats. with support shipyard Ben: at Bang 39boats alreadyfinished, ofboats, andconstruction Repairing buildingofa markets. of procurement cooperatives andcooperative fish of fishingequipment, fundraisingfor theorganization rebuilding boats, buildingofshipyards, provision compound of Vajira Hospitalin Phuket. Pum.units ofBanKhun Children's onthe Hospital Financial forequipmentofintensive support care ince ofPhuket. Building achildrencare centre atKoh SiRae, Prov- five-year period. Scholarships givento 20childreninPhuketfor a Lak. schools inPhuketandKhao Rebuilding oftheBaan NamKemSchool. Rebuilding for anine-year period. children orunderprivileged of74orphans Support pitals inPhuket. Purchase offour ambulancesfor threepublichos- to create aworkshopforvocational training. in placed persons Takuapa andaproject District Building awater treatment unitinavillagefor dis- Camps forchildreninKura Buri district. approximately 12 months. inApril 2005andwilllastfor started Both projects PROJECT PERIOD within Krabiprovince. Tsunami areasin affected Thailand, specifically islands LOCATION Management." Region" and"Disaster Risk Compatible Rehabilitationofthe Tsunami-affected in GTZ's twoprojects Thailand are"Environmentally PROJECTS Province;Hong Islands)inKrabi and Thai scientists. Ko (Mu Park National Khorani Association;Bok Than MarineBiologicalPhuket Centre (PMBC); theRedCross andEnvironment; ofNatural Resources Ministry the ment (BMZ); Province; inKrabi Koh LantaDistrict the for EconomicCooperation andDevelop- Ministry German ofMeteorology;Department scientists; German the ofLocal AdministrationDepartment Promotion; the ment; ofInterior; theDDPMof Thai Ministry the Partners include The Community Development Depart- PARTNERS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS 2005. been spent asof31October Thousand 936.76ofwhichUSD Thousand 526.97had amountstoThe USD totalfundingofthetwo projects TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE • > Construction works, Construction designs interior andexterior > strengthening andraisingofenviron- Measures > building, Capacity training andscientific cooperation > following: project, GTZandPMBCare cooperating onthe regions.in thetsunami-effected ofthe As apart for initiatives for amoresustainabledevelopment the Tsunami regions. affected This includessupport within assist theimplementation ofpilot projects ofrelevantcapacity national institutionsandto tion of "Environmentally project The Compatible Rehabilita- of thePMBC mental awareness the Tsunami-affected aimstobuild Region" Results &Achievements • • DDPMcooperates withothergovernment agencies > UnderComponent IIDDPMshalladopttheconcept > Component Iincludesmeasuresto assistthe > in Thailand. There are three majorcomponents: role indisasterprevention outanactive and carry endDDPMwillbequalifiedtodevelop project By scheme andoverall disaster managementsystem. adecentralizedperforming disaster prevention and competenceoftheDDPMinestablishing assistsinstrengtheningthepotential The project provinces byon thesouthern affected the Tsunami. in disaster-prone, regions, largelyrural withemphasis goal istoimprove thelivingconditions oftheresidents management. theareaofdisasterrisk in The overall Mitigation ofDisasterPrevention and to theDepartment services GTZprovides advisory In anotherproject between German and German between Thai scientists onthelate staff aswell asresearchPMBC aquarium cooperation technicians,aquarium astudytripto for have included trainingandconsultingfor Cooperation between GTZand PMBC activities Public relations(PR)undmarketing > Public Private Partnerships (PPP) > with additional organizations should be imposed.with additionalorganizationsshouldbe and regional levels cooperation andcoordination communities.of CBDRMwithlocal Onnational and NGOstointroduce andimplementtheconcept groups. designedfor differentteaching target activities ofDDPM'strainingand itinto thecurricula insert of decentralized disasterriskmanagement and plans. development community in regional/local simulations. Those plansshalllater be included evacuation, searchandrescue followed by practical planning,of emergency suchasearlywarning, which theyconcern oncomp management), disaster risk munity-based in system, basedontheprinciplesofCBDRM(com- and organizingtheirowndisaster prevention residents oftwo pilotcommunitiesplanning (DDPM) ofthe ofInterior Thai Ministry iling several aspects GTZ

93 ANNEXES 94 ANNEXES • • Promoting KoHongto be asustainableeco- o Training andqualification inthefieldofsecu- o upa concept Setting for disastermanagement o thecurrent situationofKo Hong(As- Surveying o fields: Tsunami Programme Rehabilitation inthefollowing Park, withinthe work international GTZexperts ofNational withtheDepartment In closecooperation enhancement sector. oftherecycling placed ontherestoration ofthelandfill andthe -wastecampaign.Reduce) Further focus willbe pation ofawide the landfill. willbegiven tothe partici- Importance as well assettingupaproperway ofdisposalon awareness onKo Lanta, reduction volume ofwaste aretoincrease ofGTZactivities environmentObjectives andPMBCareplanned.of theaquarium activities, aswell construction asrestoration works issues areinprocess. building capacity Further exhibitions onmarineecosystems andenvironmental building ofamangrove andnature trailaswell as ofthe effects Tsunami oncoral ecosystem. The tourism destination ing coursesfor therangersbasedonIsland rity, firstaid, andawareness rais- Englishliteracy usingtherestored naturetrail.)gency as well for foremer- asaconcept anescape route maps,ing landscape study capacity acarrying anenvironmentalIsland (Conduct studyinclud- and anenvironmentally soundconcept forthe stakeholders) allinvolveddestinations andinterviewing KoHong,about comparable day-trip inspecting sessing Tsunami damages, analyzingstudies public ina3-R(Reuse, Recycle, THE EMBASSYOF THE REPUBLICOFHUNGARY Khao LakDistrict,Khao Phang NgaProvince. was outatBangmuangThe carried School, project LOCATION in Thailand aswell. andIndonesia,in SriLanka oneproject was sponsored tsunamiaidwent tothevictims While mostofHungary's PROJECTS tural Cooperatives (BAAC) isplannedaswell. forcollaboration andAgricul- withtheBank Agriculture the Terre desHommes(Italy), andtheUNDP. Afuture ofFisheries,Department EUmemberstates' embassies, In thefollowing projects, withthe theECpartnered PARTNERS constructed andequipped.constructed classroomSchool atA computing was Bangmuang RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS School was USD Thousand 37.00. Total Hungariancontribution towards Bangmuang TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE wasThe project completed on7November 2005. PROJECT PERIOD • • Interchurch Aid. approvedbeen outby andcarried theHungarian School, KhaoLakDistrict, Phang NgaProvince has fully equipacomputingclassroom inBangmuang in thenaturalcatastrophe: tobuildand aproject affected ofthecommunitiesseriously the livelihood ofForeign Affairs Ministry tosupport Hungarian Financial assistance hasbeenallocated bythe Identification Teams. Disaster oftheInternational in thework Victim has sentashipmentofmedicalgoods, participated providingBesides relief aid, emergency Hungary

95 ANNEXES 96 ANNEXES PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS for thefollowing projects. GovernmentThe Italian hasprovided 1.17 USDMillion TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE May 2006. The 31 isfrom1June implementation 2005to period PROJECT PERIOD Provinces ofKrabi, Phang Nga, Phuket, andRanong. LOCATION scale economic activities, sector. especiallythefishery child abusesandexploitation; therecovery ofsmall- andprevention fromchild rightsandtheprotection buildings;schools andcommunity thepromotionof health; therehabilitation ofhouses, andconstruction inthefield ofeducation,particular psycho-social and enhancement andimprovement services, ofsocial in focusThe onchildren activities andare to directed the PROJECTS SuratItalia. Thani,of Hommes and Terredes the Stimmatini Congregation oftheCatholic Dioceses Kho Phi Phi School management, Provincial Departments, ILO, Embassy, theItalian management, KohLaoSchool ofEducation,the Department International, Ecpat Iscos, with Government theItalian partnered In theirprojects PARTNERS children areas. andtheirfamiliesintsunamiaffected and theimprovement oflivingconditionsvulnerable in Thailand aimat contributing to therehabilitation Cooperation oftheItalian activities The post-emergency GOAL • activities in the fishery sector. inthefishery activities improved. There isalsotherecovering ofeconomic 14 schools, are being andservices structures cators on childrights, services. needsand social In building oflocalcommunities, officers andedu- Phang Nga"works atthetrainingandawareness inCoastalCommunity Livelihood Communities in forChildren and oftheServices The "Rehabilitation • • • • • children playground. educational material and4)establishmentofa 3) provision ofequipments, schoolfurnitureand minor rehabilitation works for theschool building, goals: andrefectory, ofkitchen 1)construction 2) ofKohLaoSchool"hasfour The "Rehabilitation activities. playground andperformance ofpsycho-social facilitiesand;sanitation establishmentofachildren manpower to thebeneficiaries; of construction andtheassistanceof buildingmaterial ofspecialized the rehabilitation theprovision of74housesthrough and Environmental Upgrading inPha Maprao" are ofthe"RehabilitationHouses The mainactivities technical manual willalsobeproduced. attention given tosexual abuse.particular Arelated methodologies toassure theirprotection, with carried out. This willreveal and thebestpractices nerability tsunami experiences, ananalysisofchildren vul- Indonesia officers andoperators. from the Starting technical seminarinvolving Thailand, and Lanka Sri Experience." It pro the "Lessons Learned from theAsian Tsunami focusesChildren on andEmergency" inDisaster "Regional Technical Consultation onProtecting activities. for therehabilitationofincomegenerating support classes formarginalized childrenandprovides exploitation. It also is establishing and youth rights, related to labour inparticular legislationonchildren on nationalandinternational for children, communities, employers andoperators Provinces"Ranong buildsawareness andcapacity AffectedGroups by Tsunami inPhangNgae ofChildren"Protection fromtheMost Vulnerable social activities. forand theestablishmentofalaboratory psycho- provision of60chairanddesksetsfor theclassrooms systemrehabilitation oftheschool, oftheelectric PhiSchool" to thereis Kho of"Support As part THE EMBASSYOFITALY and risks in emergency contexts willbe contexts inemergency and risks vides for theorganization ofa basic education on-going activities. There benefitingfromthe are4,200childrendirectly RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • o "Capacity Building and Formative "Capacity on Activities o "Construction ofaChild Centre Province inKrabi o following haveThe projects yet implemented: to be Public Health" of oftheMinistry Department Health Mental Psychosocial Support, inCollaboration withthe Sirindhorn" Chakri Maha in Collaboration withtheFoundation ofPrincess

97 ANNEXES 98 ANNEXES Team, for whichfigures were notprovided. does not includethecostof The JapanDisasterRelief more thanUSD Thousand 546.01. However, thistotal Japan's emergency assistance andgrant aidtotals TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE areongoing.assistance projects 2005. 2005and4 January January The long-termNGO 2004. assistancearrived Emergency inPhuket on1 between28 December2004and18January periods The JapanDisasterRelief Team worked for differing PROJECT PERIOD and Ranongprovinces. Projects LOCATION Ocean. off thecoast ofSumatraandthetsunamiinIndian Thailand whichsuffered fromthemajorearthquake assistanceandGrantemergency Aidfor theNGOsin In thislight, theGOJprovided thebelow-mentioned Japanese nationals were by affected the disaster. between Japanand Thailand, that many andthefact the significance ofthedisaster, relationship thefriendly assistance,decided to offeremergency considering ofgoods.shortage Therefore, theGovernment ofJapan there stillwere anumberofpeoplemissingand request forassistance to theGovernment ofJapan, as to rescuethevictims,effort theGovernment madea While theGovernment of Thailand hadmadeevery countries.stricken possible for rehabilitation ofdisaster- andreconstruction resources. They resources, andexpertise, knowledge andhuman Japan provided assistance inthreeways: financial PROJECTS The EmbassyofJapanin Thailand andvarious NGOs. PARTNERS were undertaken were undertaken also extended themaximumassistance also extended in Krabi, Nga, Phang Phuket, underway are:underway projects.grassroots humansecurity Currently Government iscontinuing toprovide grant aidfor In additiontoalready completed projects, theJapanese PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS &GOALS RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • • • • and Ko Yao Islands, NgaProvince. Phang on asmalltomediumscaleinNamKhem Village gear andequipmentforvillagersengagedinfishery in PhangNgaProvince, whichprovides fishing for Rehabilitationoffisherfolk Building Capacity gears, andothernecessities. shelters,include thesupplytemporary fishing Nga, Phuket, provinces. andKrabi efforts Support villagers in which aimsto improve thelivingconditionsof for Tidal WaveSupport Comprehensive Victims, for extraction andexamination ofDNAspecimens for extraction A JapanDisasterReliefExpert Team was dispatched in medicalactivities, mainlyin Takuapa District. ofForeign Affairs.of theMinistry The team engaged andnursesofficials 22 personsincludingdoctors The JapanDisaster ReliefMedicalteam comprised areawith2helicoptersaffected oftheFDMA. searchconducted Team (helicopter unitofFDMA, 27members) Agency, Police, MOFA, andthesecondunit JICA) members fromFire The firstunitoftheSearchandRescue Team (49 the JapanDisaster andRescue ReliefSearch Team. thepersonnelandequipmentof also transported thecoast intheareasaround and ofPhuket bodies members, allwithinfivedays. They recovered 57 "HAMANA") withshipboard helicoptersand592 "KIRISHIMA", "TAKANAMI" andthesupplyship units whichconsisted ofthreevessels (Destroyers The UnitsofJapanSelfDefense Force dispatched by thedisaster.the peoplewhowere mentallyhurt and TakuaDistrict Pa District,for Phang NgaProvince Buriwhich establishesacounselingcentre inKhura for TidalWave Support Rehabilitation Victims, THE EMBASSYOFJAPAN the affected area inRanong, Phang and rescueoperations inthe and DisasterManagement • • on 4 January 2005. on 4January 2005andtheothergoodsarrived on 1January 2004. The medicinearrived inPhuket December generators andmedicines, was takenon31 kind, includingtents, blankets, water purifiers, electric assistancein The decisiontoextend emergency Expert. by helicopter withanotherJapanDisasterRelief assistanceactivities transportation started Agency) copter unitoftheFire andDisasterManagement andPhi Island.District Asecondteam(aheli- in activities Coast GuardandJICAstarted Takuapa of Foreign Affairs, andstaffmembersoftheJapan ment Agency, National Police Agency, andtheMinistry comprising officialsoftheFire andDisasterManage- andRescueteam A JapanDisasterReliefSearch andPhuket. Krabi in operation started identification (DVI) victim for disaster from thePoliceexperts andJICA Agency In addition, 4persons anotherunitcomprising organizationsconcerned.in cooperation withlocal areas intheaffected to identifythedisastervictims

99 ANNEXES 100 ANNEXES on disaster management, management ofDPMAand Academy (DPMA).Mitigation willgive advice The expert forworking theDDPMand DisasterPrevention and dispatched Disaster Prevention (DDPM)JICA andMitigation For of theAdvisorto ofDepartment Director-General PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS 13.93. to USDMillion came cooperation for efforts post-tsunamirecovery 2005,As of31October contribution oninternational TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE and somewillnotbecompleted untilMarch 2006. Some JICA Tsunami 2004 beganinDecember Activities PROJECT PERIOD fishery, tourism). (morphology, (agriculture, vegetation) andhumanactivity Andaman coast, Sea innaturalconditions varying coast, ofthe andbeaches alongca 80km estuaries were includingsmallbays, selected stretches ofopen (Phuket), KhaoLak, KoKhoKhao. specific Some sites intheAo Patong wasundertaken region A survey LOCATION PROJECTS sities, NGOsanddonoragencies. Partners includedgovernment organizations, univer- PARTNERS DONORS • • • ing on capacity developmenting oncapacity inthisfield. will continue to contribute to Thailand by focus- training coursesboth in Thailand andJapan. JICA several hasbeenconducting and workshops JICA how ondisaster prevention andmanagement, utilizingtheJapaneseexperienceBy andknow- systemswarning anddisastermanagement. bilitation, andcapacitydevelopment for early fication, rehabilitation, social environmental reha- identi- onvictim worked (JICA) operation Agency the After Tsunami disaster, JapanInternational Co- The JapaneseGovernment. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) one short-term expert whohasbeen expert one short-term RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS search andrescueoperation concerned. fortheauthorities development oftraining curriculums, for especially the completed by March 2006. arenowongoingand will be more tsunamiactivities haveWhile ten activities already been completed, four STATUS • • • • organizations, universities, NGOsanddonoragencies. recovery government forsocial from 85participants sites,in affected and inJapan,learnt (2)situationandefforts/difficulties provided information on(1)experience andlessons was heldinApril 2005. This oneday workshop fromNatural Disasters Recovery ofSocial Experience The Workshop forSharingJapan'sand Thailand's in December. transfer willbepresented at aseminartobeheld volunteer divers. The outcome ofthetechnical recovery withby trip T University byfinancingandaccompanyinga coral reef technologytoPrince ofS recovery whotransferred by aJapaneseexpert was undertaken MarineNationalPark,Similan Phang NgaProvince the after Coral Reef(seafan)Recovery Tsunami at the technical cooperation project withtheDDPM. the technicalcooperation project mitigation.and implement JICAisnowplanningto enhancement ofsystem for disasterprevention incommunities through and security safety reconstruction (p for technical cooperation for disasterrelief and awareness. The teamdeveloped amid-termplan buildingandraising public fields ofcapacity technical mainlyinthe cooperation opportunities Formulation T Prevention Project andManagement theJICA Formulation oftheProject onDisaster Study As part administration. anddisaster management fireissues related to service to exchange opinions andinformation oncurrent fromtheDDPM,in particular toJapanforoneweek executive ofInterior inviting officials, fiveMinistry a project Top Seminarwasorganized, Managers' Administration for of theKingdom Thailand theFireWithin andDisaster Management Service eam discussed the possibility of eam discussedthepossibility ost-tsunami) inordertopromote hai experts oncoralhai experts and reef (3) cooperation forstrong (3) cooperation ongkla tsunami aidduring2005-2006isUSD Thousand 99.68. Total government Dutch fundingandexpenditure for TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE 2005-2006 PROJECT PERIOD Krabi, PhangNga, provinces. andPhuket LOCATION projects. identification, andrehabilitation reconstruction onvictim focused aidprojects Dutch humanitarian PROJECTS Thai forensic team. Foundation,Rajprachanukroh theRoyal Thai Police, the Foreign Affairs, theNewZealandEmbassy, the , government, thelocal of theMinistry (ISB),national Bangkok School theLionsClubofPhuket Australian embassy, teams, international DVI theInter- The withtheADPC, Dutch government partnered the PARTNERS RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS • • • time (on behalf ofLuxembourg),time (onbehalf theEmbassy sent addition, EUPresidency at that initsroleofacting theDVIteamand between Thai authorities. In andrelatives,victims aswelltohelpcoordinating was alsosetuptoprovide assistanceto theDutch other countries. Acoordination officeinPhuket the Thai forensic teamandtheDVIfrom aid, ofimmediate As part aDutch DVIteamjoined lunches, etc. fishing boats andfishingequipment, school assistance.any external provides new The project villagesthatdidnotreceivetion (PDA)inthreeMuslim andPopulationcommunity Development Associa- In Krabi, ofthe theEmbassyhasfundedaproject away bythetsunami. furniture andequipmentin2006, whichwasswept a newschoolbuildinginthe Takuapa with district The Dutch government hasalsocommitted toprovide THE ROYAL NETHERLANDSEMBASSY • • • • identification. which wasusedasasite forthetsunamivictims' the Yanof renovation Yao Templein Takuapadistrict, embassies, theDutch Embassyhasfundedthe Together withtheAustralian Zealand andtheNew Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (ADPC). inthemeetingsof participated hasregularly It the coordination with theinternational community. relating to Thailand's response tothetsunamiand inseveralThe Embassyhasparticipated meetings of Phuket Andaman Sea. of Phuket Care Centre Project implement by theLionsClub of ahomefororphans, oftheChild whichispart In Phuket, theEmbassyhas fundedtheconstruction in Phuket. theregularalso chaired EUcoordination meetings to assistcitizensofEUcountries. It respectively EU Coordination teams andPang-Nga to Krabi 101 ANNEXES 102 ANNEXES RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS the spheres concerned. evidence ofthetsunamiin in Thailand anditseffects morphological, sedimentological andenvironmental The wastodocument ofthesurvey mainobjective PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS February 2005-ongoing. PROJECT PERIOD (agriculture,man activity fishery, tourism). natural conditions(morphology, vegetation) andhu- ofthecoast oftheAndamanSea,ca 80km varying in coast,stretches ofopen andbeachesalong estuaries specific siteswere includingsmallbays, selected (Phuket), Lak, Khao Khao. Ko Kho For thestudiessome intheAo PatongThe wasundertaken survey region LOCATION tsunami fieldsurvey. the geology andenvironment throughapost- sector The Polish Government's in efforts Thailand addressed PROJECTS of Resources of Mineral Thailand. Poznan, Poland incooperation withtheDepartment University in ofAdamInstitute Mickiewicz ofGeology stitute ofPaleogeography andthe andGeoecology by was conducted ajointteamfromtheIn- A survey PARTNERS • > testing surface waters (in andgroundwater testing surface > search for paleotsunamideposits; > detailedstudiesoftsunamisediments withthe > documentation ofcoastal erosionand, along > detailedtopographical mappingwithDGPS, > The following research taskwere undertaken: search for saltcontamination); and inorganic contaminants, salt content); aim to assesspossibleenvironmental threat (organic zone; budget calculationfor coastal tsunamiaffected with investigation oftsunamideposits, sediment wave inundationandrun-up; changes,focused oncoastalmorphology tsunami THE EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLICOFPOLAND Cooperation tocontinue. isexpected STATUS • samples collected during the survey in thesurvey during samples collected Thailand. inPolandtesting wasconducted onthebasisof Following thefieldwork, laboratory extensive further preparation ofdatainGIS-friendlyformat and > recommendations for future development of > post-tsunami management.post-tsunami ofdatabase,construction beusedfor whichcan wave; assessment ofcoastalhazardzones; todecreasepossiblelossesfromtsunami be taken the coastal zoneandpossiblestepsthatcould THE EMBASSY OFPORTUGAL 117.09 tothesameend. available grants intheamountofUSD Thousand Association ofPortuguese Municipalitieshasmade 585.43 tofinanceprojects in Thailand. The National Portuguese GovernmenthasofferedThe USD Thousand TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE Tsunami areas affected in Thailand. LOCATION projects. Reconstruction PROJECTS 103 ANNEXES 104 ANNEXES THE EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OFSOUTHAFRICA PROJECT PERIOD Phuket, Provinces. andRanong inKrabi, place Project take activities Phang Nga, LOCATION warning radio early Creation network. ofanemergency PROJECTS Kratue District,in PhuketProvince. authorities Organization Sub-District andtheKamala Embassy, African South Local theKamala Administration incooperation withthe wereThe projects undertaken PARTNERS African Embassy. African South Africa's Freedom Day (27April) at theSouth used for theannualcelebration of oftheRepublic radio network. The fundswillcome fromthosetypically funds for earlywarning thesettingupofanemergency the SouthAfrican donate Embassyhasdecidedto lives inthe Tsunami aswell asthosewhowereaffected, Africans whohave ofthoseSouth memory losttheir of ournationalsby local Thai andin communities As atribute totheselflessassistance rendered to some PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS contribution towards alsoraised USD Sub-District Thousand 0.41asa ofKamala Organization community andthelocal African Embassy.South LocalAdministrationThe Kamala An amountofUSD Thousand 4.87wasdonated by the TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE Initiated 2005-ongoing. inFebruary the local costthe local oftheproject. Resources Centre (URI/CRC). (USTDA), Coastal Island's andtheUniversity ofRhode Peace Corps, U.S. Trade andDevelopment Agency Forcethe Combined Support (CSF)536, U.S. Navy, U.S. (USGS),Geological Survey theU.S. including military (USDA/FS), U.S. ofState, Embassy/Department U.S. USAID, U.S. ofAgriculture Forest Department Service ofPublicHealth(MOPH),Thai Ministry Thai RedCross, the Royal Thai Government (RTG), Units, Thai Military Administration (NOAA), NGOs, Clubof Thailand, theRotary Centre (NDWC), andAtmospheric National Oceanic Accounting Command (JPAC),National Disaster Warning Joint Prisoner of War/Missing (POW/MIA) inAction tal Coordination Group (ICG) for theIndianOcean, the agencies, Coca-Cola IOC'sIntergovernmen- (Thailand), Technology theBechtel (AIT), Corporation, CDC, civilian Preparedness Centre (ADPC), theAsianInstituteof Science, theArmy ofEngineers, Corps Asian Disaster tee (ARC), theArmedForces InstituteofMedical Research Key U.S. includetheAmericanRefugeeCommit- partners PARTNERS DONORS over several years. 26 December2004-ongoing. Projects willbeimplemented PROJECT PERIOD areas.Projects intsunami-affected were undertaken LOCATION were undertaken. Warning System Program (IOTWS) (regionalprogram) Peace andUSIndian Ocean Tsunami Support Corps (TTVI), Centre ThailandIdentification Tsunami Victims Coastal Livelihoods Project, for Establishing Support Aside from humanitarianaid, thePost-Tsunami Sustainable PROJECTS • Control (CDC). Embassy/D for International Development (USAID), U.S. fundingfromtheU.S.Indirect military, U.S. Agency States fundingfromtheUnited Direct Government. epartment ofState,epartment Centre for Disease PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS &GOALS for wasnotprovided. someprojects total morethanUSD Thousand 8,409.00. Funding data and theregion. fundedwithorby Projects partners was provided support to of indirectly-funded Thailand funding.318.87 indirect However, asignificant degree The U.S. Government provided atotal ofUSD Thousand TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • and environmental shocks. communities that are r to demonstrate program amodel ofcoastal anddiversify livelihoods infive villages,restart and The SustainableCoastal Livelihood Project aimsto environmental assessmentsandsurveys. engineering American andothervictims. Teams conducted worked toPartners for search theremains of site withtents, lights, refrigerated containers, etc. processing the emergingneedsofmortuary identification.with victim They tomeet worked missions.rescue Teams ofmedical specialists assisted byland.shipments Ther runsfortime-sensitive supplies,delivery andbulk also immediately distributed. There were regular and toassistcoordination ofrelief. Supplieswere requests for assistancewere promptlyaddressed toensurethat withefforts aidbegan Humanitarian Lanka, India, theMaldives, and Thailand. levelsinIndonesia,at thenationalandlocal Sri involve targeted assistance for buildingcapacity awarningdeveloping system, theprogramwill to providing regional-level technical assistance in warning, andcommunication systems. Inaddition buildingto augment detection,capacity prediction, deployment, training extensive and andsupport decisionsconcerningmake strategic technology warning.early U.S. willhelpcountriesto expertise "end-to-end" approach-addressing allstagesof assistance to programThe USIOTWS willprovide technical the regionthrough anintegrated, esilient economic toboth e were also searchand USAID 105 ANNEXES 106 ANNEXES • • program andavillagegreening initiative. themicro-finance ties andhave beensupporting teers (CCVs) communi- intheproject alsoarrived a water treatment project. TwoCorps Crisis Volun- with arevolving micro-finance loanprogram, and centrea green learning isbeingsupported, along techniques. Through apublic-private partnership breeding usingartificial fish seedlingproduction aquaculture entrepreneurs received trainingin was launchedundertheproject. Freshwater the villagesewerline. Amicro-finance initiative areasthem intsunami-affected andtocleanup pay mangrove villagersto collect seedsandplant cash-for-work programs, includingprograms to fisherfolk. Local villagerswere engagedinseveral withenginesandgearsforaffected equipped livelihoods. Boats were anddelivered, constructed had several significantachievements inrestoring The SustainableCoastalLivelihoods has Project mental healthsurveys. tional conducted jointenvironmental healthandoccupa- investigations, aspublichealthliaisons, served and for communicablediseases, assistedwound injury assessments,care facility surveillance setupactive andsurvivors, ofvictims cation medical conducted Indonesia and Thailand. Physicians led theidentifi- hub forU.S. for Lanka, bound Sri relief efforts and back-hoes. Utapowasusedastheessential Partners alsocoordinated todeliver bulldozers with officialsofnationalgovernments. 'launch' meeting, followed by missionsto meet program implementationthe IOTWS team helda based onoutcomesofIOCnational assessments; plan)isbeingdeveloped mentation plan(work assistance;tion andtechnical imple- aprogram regionalcoordina- tosupport contractor Integrator waspleted andacontract awarded toaProgram national assessments; program designwascom- inIOC-sponsored NOAA andUSGSparticipated program:As aresult oftheUSIOTWS from experts health assessments aswell asfollow-up of alarge seawallwherebodies maybetrapped. toBangkok, from Phuket the andtheexcavationTTVI dataand Post (includingDNA), Mortem thetransfer of to software match Ante Mortem for (orpurchase of) proposals license foranextended and TTVI-associated U.S. Peace volunteers Corps intsunami-affected areas seen. includethedeployment Emerging often projects As theseare ongoingprojects, muchremains be to STATUS PROJECT PERIOD Phang Nga, Phuket, Ranong, Satunand Trang. covers provinces thesixaffected Their support ofKrabi, LOCATION reliefoperations emergency money, materials,personnel andvolunteers for the andrelief response in emergency by mobilizing played aleadingrole The (TRCS) Society Thai Cross Red PROJECTS Cross. , CrossandtheSwedish Red theNorwegian Red of Cross Society Branch oftheRed Kong the Hong Red Cross, theFinnish Cross, Red theFrench RedCross, However, alsocamefromtheAmerican bilateral support Krabi, PhangNga, Phuket, Ranong, Satun and Trang. Partners onthe groundincludedthegovernors of PARTNERS DONORS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS Thousand 1,206.44. 33,651.03, asof31October, 2005ithad spent onlyUSD While hasa2005-2010budgetofUSD theIFRC Thousand TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE today. Assistance began26December2004andcontinues • • • affected children and schoolsaswell. livelihoods. Educati communities affected torestore supporting sheltersandhousingin building temporary communities. Assistance was alsoprovided in systems andproviding potablewater inaffected torestore damagedwatersupport andsanitation included projects andreconstruction Early recovery items. in receiving, anddistributingrelief transporting care andassistance, andnationwide reliefefforts focused onmedical efforts response Emergency The International Federation oftheRedCross. THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE REDCROSS onal andfinancialaidwent to RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • • • provincial zationalof TRCS' capacities operational and aimedat strengthening theorgani- projects Other livelihood wasalsosignificant.alternative activities women's communities aswell astosupport livelihoodscoastal for bothfishingandnon-fishing provincial chapters.affected torestore Support of the Thai Cross, Red ofitssixtsunami- particularly capacity the disastermanagement andresponse communities. to improveThere was alsosupport intheaffected to healthandchildcareservices on four areas. Assistance went toimprove access concentrated andrehabilitation projects Recovery A pierwasbuilt. people, Elderly somewithchronic machines, related equipment andcarpentry tools. equipment. Affected familiesalsoreceived sewing of livelihoods provided fishingboats andfishing for andreconstruction therecovery activities Early 120 houseswere constructed. andreconstruction, ofhousingrecovery As part tanks. water forschoolsandsupplyofwaterof drinking included restora ofwaterEarly recovery andsanitationfacilities months. Five villagesalsoreceived relief for items three psychosocial care aswell asfood andothersupplies. disasterrelief team.TRCS They provided medicaland ofthe andtheefforts Crossa Red mobilekitchen of food,transportation medicine, andotheressentials, reliefoperations includeddaily emergency TRCS which went to tsunamivictims. donations totalling27,909units, 13,208unitsof blood receivedCentre Blood tal. National TheTRCS MemorialHospi- Chulalongkorn King to Bangkok a first-aidcentre. Patients were alsotransported medical equipments, ambulanceswithnursesand teams,medical specialists withmedicinesand by aidwas undertaken medical Emergency TRCS chapters. tion ofwater systems, provision (IFRC) 107 ANNEXES 108 ANNEXES " Recovery efforts involved efforts rebuilding offishing Recovery " Thus far, long-term disastermanagement activities " • • Arrangements were alsomadefor thecare oftsunami Arrangements boats andcooperation for villagerehabilitation. involved many participants. andwater training-of-trainers safety workshop rescue arebeingcourse modules developed andasea DisasterCommunity-based Management training mine deter- assessmentto have resulted inapreliminary pants fromthe Thai government sector. tr emergency care centres were day provided.for First-aid and given doublecoolers fordeadbodies. Materials from theislandstomainland. were Hospitals fibreglassboats received ambulances and TRCS. Provincial healthauthorities along withrepeaters andhandsetsfor hospitals, and othermedicalequipmentwerepesticide, provided communication equipment, mosquito spray guns, and mobileoperation theatre. Ambulances, radio of equipmentneededfor ahealthcentre, hospital taken.of schoolsinneedwas TRCS compiledalist andawater sanitationneedssurvey was undertaken psychosocial areaswasneeds inaffected produced, thefirst of healthcare, anassessmentofpsycho-social andrehabilitation intherecovery toDue efforts andsomeschoolsreceived playgrounds.developed programme. Ascholarshipfor wasalso orphans created. inalunch children School participated computers, etc. Child Development Centres were repair ofschoolsandprovision ofstudent uniforms, includedscholarships, activities reconstruction recovery and ofearly tochildrenaspart Support were alsogiven aid. provided, andthefamiliesofdeceased policemen were laundered. Reliefitemsfor five villageswere illnesses, received assistance. clothes Donated the ITandt aining was undertaken withpartici- aining wasundertaken support programme (PSP)training support elecommunication needsof TRCS. for transporting patients for transporting Long-term organizational development activities " ment planswere alsodeveloped. to strengthenthe chapters'capacity. Chapterassess- were developed. Four people have beenappointed were ofbranch officers alsoheldandjobdescriptions Teachers-in-chargeprogramme RCY Trainingfor establish RedCross volunteerYouth programme. (RCY) have identifiedschools andteachers-in-charge to teachersfor aswell. somekindergarten to continue theirschooling. Funding provided hasbeen orphans. children willreceive financialaid Other of MarineCoastal Resources. from andtheDepartment University Chulalongkorn World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF), andnationalexperts Plant Conservation, Wetlands International Thailand, ofNationalParks and Both ENDSandtheDepartment Development (Fr are:following projects The AgenceFrancaise de withtheIUCNandabovePartnering donorsinthe PARTNERS DONORS in ecosystem restoration andrehabilitation. development agendatojustifyeconomicinvestment conservation andsustainablemanagementinto the livelihoods, IUCNstrives ecosystem to coastal bring coastal ecosystems bothfor biodiversity andcoastal andvalue of theimmenseimportance Recognizing GOALS Krabi, Phang NgaandRanong. Projects are intheaffected provinces, especially, Trang, LOCATION Thailand'.of ProvincesSix TsunamiAffected Distribution ofMangrove Forests AlongtheCoasts of to Natural Resources in Thailand' and; 'Mappingthe of Natural Disaster: Evaluating Tsunami-Related Damages of Koh Phra Thong'; 'Counting theEnvironmental Costs and in SriLanka Thailand'; Rehabilitation 'Emergency in aPost Tsunami Context: ofMangroves Restoration Coast Recovery Project'; 'Rehabilitating Coastal Ecosystems to Sustainable Tourism inSouthern Thailand'; 'Green ParksStudy fortheRehabilitationofMarine andSupport Natural in Damages to Resources Thailand'; 'Feasibility Costs ofNatural Disasters: Evaluating Tsunami-Related cover:IUCN projects 'Counting theEnvironmental PROJECTS • (UNEP). and UnitedNations Environmental Programme were AFD, NOVIB,OAPN, SDC, UNEPEA, UNEPGIS Partnering withIUCNto finance theirprojects ench Development Agency, AFD), IUCN - THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNION PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS Cooperation, andUNEP. Parks,Spain, theSwiss for Agency Development and groups, including: Autonomous Organization for National ofother tothefinancialcontributions important becausefigureswereprojects notprovided. isalso It 308.46. This doesnotincludecosts incurredfor some Funding forIUCNinvolved totalsUSD projects Thousand TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE 2006. 2005 andFebruary April fallwithintheperiodbetween All theprojects PROJECT PERIOD • • • groups and informed decision making.groups andinformed for genderissuesandneedsofdisadvantaged willensureparticipation,process attention priority andrepresentatives experts thegrant of local of asmallgrantsfacility. Through theinvolvement reconstruction,hood throughtheimplementation focuses onecosystem-basedThis project liveli- the futureofnature thetsunami. andpeopleafter 'The GreenCoast Project'aimstosecure Recovery private commitments conservation. to biodiversity and to enhance through sustainabletourism public- mental andeconomicdevelopment protection to theFrench establishlinksbetween environ- GEFto proposal will resultindevelopment ofaproject Parks' toMarine Sustainable and'Support Tourism' 'The Feasibility Study for theRehabilitation of and motivate informeddecision-making. coastal managementsoasto increaseawareness involved reconstruction and inpost-tsunami ment andnon-government agenciesandsectors alsoaimsto conveyIt results study to various govern- tsunami, includingecosystem andservices. goods natural resourcelossanddamagecausedby the Disasters' 'Counting theEnvironmental Costs ofNatural aims toeconomically value thecosts of 109 ANNEXES 110 ANNEXES • • • • on theisland. to provide astrategy forlivelihoodsimprovements socio-economic andneedsassessmentnecessary process. involved IUCNhasalsobeen inarapid on theislandtoinfluence thedecisionmaking habitatsandlandusepatternsidentify thecritical out througharapid environmental assessmentto development activities. These have carried been environmental andsocio-economicinformation in toincorporateenable SDC'srehabilitationactivities taken theform oftechnical support. IUCNaimsto ofKohPhraRehabilitation Thong' hasprimarily intheSDCProject:The IUCNpartnership 'Emergency ecosystems place. intheareawillalsotake mental strategies.patory Arapidassessmentoftheenviron- thedevelopment andfacilitating ofpartici- activities awareness,local promotinginformation-sharing ofmangroveextension forests throughraising processes. willleadtoActivities therestoration and andcoastal management tsunami reconstruction mangrove and conservation learned inorderto promote theintegration of andtechnical information andlessons policy anddocumentshare coastal forestrestoration andfacilitate mangroveContext' willsupport and CoastalEcosystems'Rehabilitating inaPost Tsunami mangroves. Through GIStechnologies, theassessment will create speciesof digitalmapsoftheprincipal ofMangrove the Distribution Forests''Mapping areas.management intsunami-affected rehabilitationon coastalzonenaturalresource and decision-making and increaseawareness andinform siteswithin in selected provinces Thailand's affected tsunami-related damage articulate isto economicallygoal ofthisproject evaluate and ofthedevelopment agenda.as anintegral part The in natural resource rehabilitation andmanagement oftheneedto investaims to convince policy-makers economic values ofnatural resources. The project ofthe addressesthe useandarticulation Disaster' 'Counting theEnvironmental Costs ofNatural and socio-economic value ofmangrove restoration intopost- to naturalresources RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS results andachievements cannotyet beidentified. are still,Since allprojects tosomeextent, inprogress, the post-tsunami status ofmangroves.the post-tsunami mangrove status describing mapsindigitalform used toassessmangroves using GISandasetof contribute to ofmethodologies thestandardization and mappingresults(mapaccuracies) that will andclassification) onmethods(survey areport will be and extent. The majoroutputsfrom thisproject thatincorporatesResources information onspecies andCoastal ofMarine areas by theDepartment the creation ofmangrove plantations inothersuitable ofdamagedmangroveand habilitation formations would facilitatethe ofplanningfor theprocess re- PROJECT DESCRIPTION&GOALS ofsmall-scalefisherfolk. rity ners inorder toensure thelong-termlivelihood secu- part- withUSD130,000pledgedperannumto support disbursed. In2006and2007Oxfamplanstocontinue response for 2005isUSD380,000. This hasbeenfully Oxfam's totalgrant contribution fortsunami-aftermath TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE 26 December 2005-ongoing. PROJECT PERIOD Andaman coastlineinSouthern Thailand. LOCATION Relieffor MyanmarMigrant and Emergency Workers. Livelihood for Rehabilitation Fishermen Small-Scale PROJECTS Livelihood RehabilitationforSmall-Scale Fisherfolk RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • and repair/replacement ofboat engines, aswell the repairandbuildingcosts ofboats, fishinggear The revolving fundshave beenestablishedtosupport oversustainability thelong-term. equal accessto resources, aswell astoensure ofparticipation c fund isthestrategic approach usedto secure employment revolving ofacommunity-based Nga, Phuket, Krabi, Trang andSatunprovinces. The islands andalongthecoastlineinRanong, Phang fishingcommunities121 small-scale onremote Andaman Network(SAN)to deliver assistanceto To thisend, Oxfam hasworked withtheSave livelihoods. oftheir long-term goalsfocused onthesecurity intraditionalfishingpractices,their capacity with these vulnerablefishingcommunities, to rebuild goalistoprovide outreachto Oxfam's short-term assistance. area whogenerally lackready accesstorelief and andMyanmarmigrant inthis workers fisherfolk to themarginalizedority groups ofsmall-scale hasgivenhighestpri- Oxfam's tsunami-reliefeffort ommunity members,ommunity ensure Emergency Relieffor Myanmar Migrant Workers " Oxfam has worked withthe hasworked Oxfam Tsunami Group Action " 200,000migrant Over workers, mainlyfrom " interpreting atthe hospital, services andfinancial care,form ofbasic medical transportation, language migrantsto 5,704Myanmar (45%women) inthe Frontieres/Belgium, medicalassistance wasgiven for migrants. In collaboration withMedecinsSans and Oxfam TAG alsofunded31funeral ceremonies to 4,792migrants (30%womenand9%children). equipment andbasicnecessitieswere distributed relief intheformemergency offood, cooking provinces.and Ranong From January-August Nga, inPhang Myanmar migrantto workers Phuket (TAG) to relief deliver andassistance emergency workers. and restaurants, asdomesticemployees orsex plantations, sites, onconstruction inguesthouses in thefishingindustry, onrubberandcoconut and from the Mon Tavoy areas, andwere working toMyanmar.and deported hadcome The majority dueto workers migrant theirfear ofbeing arrested difficultfor these wasparticularly relief services areaofPhangaffected Ngaprovince. Access to tsunami, withover intheworst 30,000 working Myanmar, were bythe inareasaffected working thetsunami. before livelihoodat levels capacity equivalent to those communities intheprogramme toregain affected repair or b rebuilt, been 2005,September 2,920setsoffishinggearhad empowerment, fisherfolk scale etc. Bytheendof system, tsunamiwarning community-based small- tation andconservation, implementation ofa tional training, marine/coastalresources rehabili- suchasfishing,development activities occupa- asafundingsource foreach community further In thelongrun, therevolving fundwillremain with withSAN. from) NGOsworking technical support committees funds areorganizedandmanagedby village as occupational-development activities. Therevolving distributed, 1,460boatshadbeenrepairedor and theremaining226boatswere under eing built, enabling70%ofthetsunami- under the supervision of(andwith under thesupervision OXFAM 2005, 111 ANNEXES 112 ANNEXES birth certificates for 27newborns. certificates birth IDcard,or re-issuedtemporary aswell astoobtain 116 women, 12boys and8girls)toobtainanew to facilitate theprocess for 320migrants (184men, have accesstowater and sanitation. TAG wasable to thesesites; 1,100migrants(40%women) now latrines and sufficientcleanwater were provided indirectly related to various orconditions directly otherinjuries HIV/AIDS, malaria, work-related aswell as injuries were fromworkers suffering included: tuberculosis, support. The healthproblems thatthesemigrant the tsunami. Inaddition, 76 to December 2005. coversThis from thedate theperiod report ofthedisaster PROJECT PERIOD andcommunitiesand affected inKrabi. schools &fivesix villagesinPhang sub-districts) Nga(three districts &fourten sub-districts), villagesinPhuket districts (two Plan's work inthree provinces ofthesixaffected includes: LOCATION Plan Thailand's TsunamiProject. PROJECTS istrative Offices, and (GRHRE), Phuket, University theSonkhla Tambon Admin- Andaman andGrassroots andEducation for HumanRights Puenkaew Association (Childline Thailand), theSave University,Kaen Rajabhat University, thePhuket the Nursing Faculty ofKhon andEducation faculty and Phang Nga, Foundation, theEmpower IOM, MAP, offices, Area (ESA)offices Education Service ofPhuket development community includedistrict Plan partners PARTNERS Learning/Education Related Initiatives RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS protection related &educationPlan onlearning andchild isworking PROJECT DESCRIPTION&GOALS been spent. 1,000. 2005 USD As ofOctober Thousand 251.35had totalThe through 2007isUSD March projected Thousand TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE • • completed. The for teachers andschool members, board was A TOT trainingcourse Development', on'SchoolBoard priorities. aforum toshare theirneedsand the participants areas,in thetsunamiaffected aswell asto provide Plan to andits programmeworkshop introduce was andNGOpartners. directors school The aimofthe provincial education offices, universities, local A workshop wasorganized for seniorofficialsfrom initiatives. main topicscovered were therole the Thai Fund Foundation.Fund the Thai • • • • • • • • • workshops arescheduled. staff fromPhuketandPhang Nga. Additional PAL (EASO) Office teachers andEducation Area Service development heldfor was curriculum and local learning(PAL) action A workshop onparticipatory forchildren. andwelfaresupport of safety dren, howtoprevent stress, andthesystematization ofchildren,support howtomonitoraffected chil- Key content covered strategies for psychosocial schools, fromPhuket participants for wasconducted. the monitoringandfollow-up system onchildren' A teachertraining on'thestrategy tostrengthen teachers. and relationship between theboardmembers and responsibilitiesoftheschoolboard from school reconstruction efforts. from schoolreconstruction 3,392 pre-school students to benefit areexpected skills. bakery, boat modelbuilding, massageandspa (youth andwomen), inPhuket, willbe trained in scheduled.Nga was AMoken Women's Group A Women's Development workshop Skill inPhang by youth. the tsunami. Abatik-training course was attended provide vocational training foryouth by affected A Youth Centre to was opened atBanNamKhem and repairshasstarted. ofconstruction pr signed forwork onschools inPhangNga. The Pre-school were andrepaircontracts construction curriculum. aimedto linktodevelopmentThe camp oflocal roles theycanplay inenvironment preservation. roles andresponsibilities ofyouthinadisaster and foryouthwasconservation held. coveredIt the A Youth Camp onenvironmental resources andnatural andPhang Nga. Phuket Tambon Administrative (sub-districts) Offices employed Universityfor by participants Kaen An initialECCD Training by wasconducted Khon were directors school conducted. and basiccomputer and trainingfor teachers usedinthedevelopment(CAI) oflocal curriculum incomputerassisted instruction training (ICT) Teacher training oninformation computer technology PLAN INTERNATIONALPLAN e-school buildings, playground 113 ANNEXES 114 ANNEXES Child Protection Related Initiatives Learning/Education Related Initiatives STATUS Child Protection Related Initiatives • • • • • • • • the targetareas isplanned. for childrenandyoungproduction peoplefrom to becomplete.and expected Training onmedia isbeingprepared A 'Children andMedia'project policies. to abouttheirchildrenparticipation interviewed learn of-school youths). Inaddition, agencieswere (7-12 years old, 13-18years oldinschoolandout- consultations with49childrenintwo ageranges indisaster,participation Plan Thailand conducted ofPlan'sregional researchonchildren's As apart areas.Phang NgaandKrabi tsunami-affected were scheduledtovisitschoolsinthePhuket, with professionallytrainedpsychosocial personnel Caravan) was officiallylaunched. Three vans staffed The mobilePsychosocial (Saidek Project Support gained. basedontheconcept andtechniques curricula trained inPAL todevelop theirlocal areexpected Teachers whowere andschoolboardmembers Thailand found cases whereThailand found areferral cases system was byThe Psychosocial Childline project support and participants. implementation byteachers actual be neededafter session iscompleted. More refresher coursesmay done byPlanandtheESAO staffafter eachtraining follow-up andfieldmonitoring Regular/periodic schoola youthcamp holidays. during The children's consultation showed theneedfor follow-upout periodic activities. andmonitoring schools. Plan, withESAO staffandtrainers, iscarrying School Board Development Board Development workshop have conducted The teachers whowere trained in TOT School Training intheirrespective • to these minority communities. to theseminority place withtheaimofchannellingmoreresources andEducationfor HumanRights (GRHRE)istaking munities (MAP, IOM, Save Andaman andGrassroots withthesecom- as wellorganizations working communities withMyanmar andMoken Networking have specifictechnicalcapacities. to concerned ministriesandorganizations that whilethemorecomplexonesarecases beingreferred and communities, aredealingwiththesimpler needed. The van team, together withtheteachers 'Tsunami ReliefProject'. Children andFamilies Affected by the Tsunami' and; tation Progr Project'; the'Tsunami Project'; Reconstruction 'Rehabili- and'Fishingthe AndamanProject' BoatReconstruction Website'; 'The Tsunami ReliefProject'; of the'Recovery Assistance Database System';'Legal the'Tsunami Volunteer 'Legal for Protection AidandRights Tsunami Victims'; (CPLG) Project'; 'Legal Assistance toMigrant Workers'; 'Tsunami Civic Participation inLocal Governance PROJECTS Lawyers Association of Thailand (WLAT). the Roong-Aroon SchoolFoundation andthe Women Attorney G the OfficeofLegal AidPlanning, of the theOffice Holt SahathaiFoundation, Foundation, Art theMirror especially Ms. NaTicha Nakorn, Handson Thailand, the Foundation M (CRCF), of anaffiliate oftheLawSociety Thailand, TAF's includetheCross Cultural partners Foundation PARTNERS DONORS PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS&GOALS from USD Thousand 0.45toUSD Thousand 3,800.00. However, funding for varies individualprojects significantly, The total fundingamountstoUSD Thousand 517.75. TOTAL FUNDING&EXPENDITURE 2005 andMay 2006. implemented willbe between March Most projects PROJECT PERIOD Phuket, provinces. andRanong TAF were projects distributedamongKrabi, Phang Nga, LOCATION • • Workshop toidentify issuestoaddress inthe (CPLG) hasthree components: Project 1)anInception The Tsunami Participation Civic inLocal Governance possible. made someoftheprojects land (TAF/TH). However, (G2A)grants Give2Asia donoris The primary The AsiaFoundation/Thai- eneral, The Rajaprajanugroh Foundation,eneral,Rajaprajanugroh The amme for the Restoration ofFamily theRestoration amme for for Life anagement Programmeanagement (FMPA), Activity • • • • • • in court proceedings. in court through alegalaidcentreworkers andlegalaid works toprovide assistancetoaffected migrant The Legal Assistance to Migrant Workers Project assistance to The Tsunami extend ReliefProject aimsto TAF with familiestoprovide appropriate assistance. for victims. This includesscholarships andplanning meanttorestore asenseoffamilylife and services assistance. However, it now fo Affected bythe Tsunami provided emergency ofFamilyRestoration Life for ChildrenandFamilies Initially, theRehabilitation Programme for the development training for youth. psychological recovery assistance to provide life-skill responsibilitiesaretoTicha's provide mental and Working for theHoltSahathaiFoundation, Ms. focused onyouth. forSouth recovery activities for Ms.air tickets travel NaNakornto Ticha tothe The Tsunami centres Relief Project onproviding monthly newsletters. volunteerswith 3,500pastandcurrent through the needsoflocalcommunities. maintainscontact It it provides information to match volunteers with volunteers. Accessible at www.tsunamivolunteer.net, developed to operat the TsunamiFor Volunteer Website,was software for useby tsunamivictims. The Legal Assistance Database System isintended and services. groupsbuilding ofaffected to securefairassistance re-design of will centre onlanddisputes, rehabilitation and to training develop new trainers curriculum. Training Tsunami CPLG tofinanciallysupport Trainers (TOT) processes and;the decisionmaking 3) Training of in dueto alackofpublicparticipation of services groups toassistance andtheinequality/inequity especially tsunamirecovery, during arising the problems partners; 2)twoCPLG White Papers tocatalogue andtoidentifypotential curriculum training project THE ASIAFOUNDATION the lackofaccess for disadvantaged housing and city plans,housing andcity andcapacity- tsunami orphans. e adatabase oftsunamirecovery cuses onactivities 115 ANNEXES 116 ANNEXES RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS • • • • • • proceedings. three provinces, aswell aslegalaidincourt provided legalaidinformation to citizens inthe for theirclients.compensation andservices WLAT compensation andservices. WLAT secured appropriate have notreceived appropriate andreasonable whobelieve they tovictims consultants primarily Legal Aid project's Centre providesVictims legal forThe Legal Protection Aid andRights Tsunami provided toaffected migrant workers. continues to function, tofollow uponassistance the establishmentofamonitoring group, which resolution ofproblems for migrant workersand dations to agenciesto concerned stimulate the withrecommen-submission ofpost-seminarreports alsoresulted inthepreparation and project to receive theirfairshare oflegalassistance. The found have thatmigrantproject workers begun agencies, theLegalAssistance toMigrant Workers After thegeneral educating publicandconcerned committed to participation. and partners organized atraining programme for organizations have contracted and; been 3) TAF managedand be targeted intheCPLG curriculum; 2)Consultants regarding problemsandissueareas that should through theworkshop TAF/TH gained knowledge At present, theCPLG hasseensuccess: project 1) homes in Kama and homes inKama Thad Chat Chai. Islandwater system,Muk of andtheconstruction usedtopurchasebeen suppliesneededfor the in successful The Tsunami Project Reconstruction hasbeen ofachildcarecentre.and theconstruction area ofwasteof research intheproject ontypes ofboats,the repairandconstruction thecompletion Fishing Project Boat hashelpedin Reconstruction far,So oftheAndaman and Project theRecovery management and theproblemofdatatracking anddata there isnowacontinualproject flow ofvolunteers As aresultofthe Tsunami Volunteer Website all three ar has beensolved. eas ofwork. Funds have munity-appropriate wastemanagementculture. nities thatwillresultintheestablishmentofacom- commu- processis developingwithlocal amanagement Pr andFishingAndaman Project Reconstruction Boat the halfofitstarget cases;has concluded of theRecovery of Family Life toexpand ispreparing tonewareas; WLAT online; Programme theRehabilitation for theRestoration is currently dataandfilingit completing collecting were available:reports ofLegalThe Office AidPlanning areWhile manyoftheprojects inprogress, somestatus STATUS oject of September 2005. this assessment onlyfocuses onaccomplishments as A one-year operational planiscurrently inplace, but PROJECT PERIOD Trang. Provinces ofPhuket, PhangNga, Krabi, Ranong, and LOCATION 180242. Programme,Thailand TsunamiResponse THA-21- PROJECTS economic development, anddisaster mitigation. health), water andsanitation, education, infrastructure, ment, healthdevelopment (includingpsychosocial sectoral initiatives: response, emergency shelter develop- has beendeveloped withtheconsideration ofeight their familiesandcommunities. The operational plan children, aims to ofsurviving sustainthelivesanddignity World Vision Thailand ProgrammeTsunami Response GOAL RESULTS &ACHIEVEMENTS ofdisasters effects aims to reducevulnerabilitiesofcommunitiesandthe and;food security initiative theDisasterMitigation initiative aimstopromote sustainablelivelihoods and and access healthfacilities; to theEconomic Development initiative lifeactivities social aimstorestore community for children;and learning opportunities theInfrastructure practices; theEducation initia access towater hygiene andappropriate community people; the Water initiative aimsfor &Sanitation good aims to improve thehealthandwell beingofaffected induced hazards; Development initiative theHealth protect lives ofaffected peoplefromclimatic andhuman- the Shelter Development initiative aimsto secureand people; needsof affected basic humanandsurvival initiativeThe aimsto Response meetthe Emergency PROJECT DESCRIPTION&GOALS • were ofGIKsandnon-food limited todistribution sponse period, response activities emergency Having re- approachedtheendofemergency WORLD VISION FOUNDATIONWORLD VISION OF THAILAND tive aimsfor qualityeducation • • • were completed. orcompletedbeing constructed and53homes construction. 32 perm design,around planningandpreparationof ofshelter development clustered the majority sawcompletion but projects Aconstruction few children at12schools and4daycare centres; toilet powdered milkwasdistributed to688preschool clean-up activities; 34toilet facilities were provided; par people was distributed to 60families; morethan175 above standard.quality Accordingly, water drinking ensured villagersaccess to water and inaquantity provision ofmaterials for toiletfacilities. These activities distribution of water con wasAssistance villagersthrough provided to are nowenjoying newplayground equipment. awareness camps, and; more than1,525students inHIV/AIDSanddrug 97 studentsparticipated trained inbasichealthawareness andprevention; check-up programme; 144volunteers were centres; 1,105children were covered by thehealth were distributedto25people aswellsixhealth hygienefrom theoral programme; machines smoke towas distributed 329children; 8schools benefited involved more than585children; equipment sports had40participants;programme activities" "children's benefitedmor centre 77 children; theday care /child-family-friendly- programme served the lunchandmilkdistribution implemented bylocalchildcarecentres. Indeed, among others. Children inactivities participated lessons, exercise activities, andawareness training, services. Students received care through oral hygiene Health programme continued toprovide valuable food-for-work programme. food itemsand; inthe 1,482familiesparticipated to 251families; over 1925familiesreceived non- distributed to assets. Nonetheless, rice andfood items were livelihood programme orthroughreplacement of established whetherthroughrecently income of theareas since people have begunearning necessities. Food distribution hadsubsidedin basic familieswhostilllacked toaffected items ticipated in 864 families; GIK'swere distributed e than2,530; theaerobics anent shelters were either and benefited fromtrash tainers, waterfilters, and most 117 ANNEXES 118 ANNEXES • • • • Tiew began. Tiew completed, andthediggingofditchesat Pru Baan more than756families; twodaycare centres were continued, more than 742 students benefiting and andrepairofbuildingsatfiveschools construction land for achild-family-friendly-centre wasprepared, throughouttheprovinces. activities protection The way for increased focus onchilddevelopment and daycare centres were completed andwillpave the inschools andcommunities.structure Several Progress ofbasicinfra- continued onconstruction organized for 44studentsfrom11target schools. were provided to 45students, andafieldtripwas schools gainedimproved facilities; schoolbusfares for students was initiated at3target schools; 15 school lunchprogrammes andvocational training were purchased for more than4,835children; learning. Schoolsuppliesandteaching materials focused onutilization facilitiesto foster quality ment ofthesefacilitiesinsampleschools. Programmes developmentand library programmes saw establish- Initiation ofcomputer laboratory, sciencelaboratory, Development ofschoolfacilitiesmoved into focus. 1,731families. serves families, andanewlyconstructed water system installed water morethan240 filtersnow benefit the diggingofawater was pond completed; newly water containers were to3,921families; distributed for tobe constructed facilities continue 900people; and to reassure community members oftheir and toreassurecommunity communities withaccess systems to warning local constructed centres broadcast wereSeveral community and; went 27tricycles to familiesin three villages. received newandrepaired boats andboat parts, more than366familiesin10villages; 167families people); fishingequipment was to distributed weresupported, groups in several areas. affected More than21livelihood was arranged, with boatsandenginesdistributed ofsupplies.and distribution Replacement ofassets andgroupcapacity, enhancementofskills through Livelihood groupscontinued toreceive support this monthtoprovide vulnerable benefiting morethan408 benefiting STATUS • programmes. shelter development andtheintegration ofcurrent the month ofSeptember, includingissueswith significantThe programmefaced challengesduring to handleevacuationand capacity procedures. of that willincreasetheirknowledge in activities safety. to participate willhaveVillagers theopportunity 119 120