DAN CHURCH AID, SOUTH ASIA October 2012

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DAN CHURCH AID, SOUTH ASIA October 2012 EVALUATION REPORT ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PROGRAMME DAN CHURCH AID, SOUTH ASIA October 2012 Report prepared by: Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre 3rd Floor, 216-A/13, Gautam Nagar, Opp. Gulmohar Park,New Delhi- 110049, India Tel: 91-11-41026642, Cell:+91-9811310841/9899592306 DCA Report on DRR Programme Table of Contents Page No(s) Abbreviations --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4-5 Prime Message for Communication-------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Executive Summary-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7-11 1. Chapter I: Introduction:---------------------------------------------------------------------------12-14 Prologue DCA & DRR: Background and Context o DCA: Focus and Commitments o DCA: Commitments in South Asian Region (SAR) o Overview: Regional DRR Programme: Bangladesh, Nepal and India o Context of the Programme o Geographical Focus of Programme o Key Strategic Approach o Disaster Risk Reduction 2. Chapter II: The Programme: Regional/ Country Context--------------------------------15-20 Asian Region South Asian Region Physical Setting Socio-Economic Setting Right Holders :The Most Affected Groups in SAR Current Trends: Approach of National Governments Disaster Overview Country Risk Profile o Bangladesh . Hazard & Risk Profile o India . Hazard & Risk Profile o Nepal . Hazard & Risk Profile 3. Chapter III: Purpose and Evaluation Objectives, Scope -------------------------------21 Purpose and Evaluation Objective o Overall Objective o Specific Objectives Purpose and Evaluation Objective Scope of Evaluation Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre P a g e | 2 4. Chapter IV: Key Issues, Identification of Criterion for Assessment, Key Questions, Limitations, Partnerships, End Term Evaluation Team -------------------------------22-25 Key Issues Identification of Criterion for Assessment Key Questions Partnerships Limitations End term Evaluation Team 5. Chapter V: Findings and Conclusions ------------------------------------------------------------26-31 Summary of findings Impact at right holders level Effectiveness: Relevance Sustainability Programme Management DCA and Partners 6. Chapter VI: Lessons Learnt ------------------------------------------------------------------------------32 7. Chapter VII: Conclusions and Way Forward ------------------------------------------------------ --33 Appendix A----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34-35 Appendix B--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36-39 Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre P a g e | 3 Abbreviations AZEECON Asian Zone Emergency and Environment Cooperation Network BCPR; Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery CBDP Community Based Disaster Preparedness Programs CASA Church’s Auxiliary for Social Action CCA; Climate Change Adaptation CDDMASS; Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDMP; Comprehensive Disaster Management Program DCA; Dan Church Aid DDMA District Disaster Management Authority DMTF; Disaster Management Task Force DRM; Disaster Risk Management DRR; Disaster Risk Reduction DSK Dushtha Shasthya Kendra (Bangladesh) EU European Union FAYA; Forum for Awareness and Youth Activity GDP; Gross Domestic Product HAP; Humanitarian Accountability Project HFA; Hyogo Framework of Action IAG Inter Agency Group IAY Indira Awas Yojana ICDS Integrated Child Development Scheme IDF Integrated Development Foundation IRDC Indreni Rural Development Centre (Nepal) IFRC; International Federation for Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IGSSS Indo Global Social Service Society INGO International Non-Government Organisation LWF; Lutheran World Federation LWSI Lutheran World Service India LWSIT; Lutheran World Service India Trust NDMA; National Disaster Management Authority NGO Non-Government Organisation PDS Public Distribution System, RBDRR; Rights Based Disaster Risk Reduction RDRS; A Bangladesh NGO SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAR; South Asian Region SHG; Self Help Groups SLS Sustainable Livelihood Security Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre P a g e | 4 SOP Standard Operating Procedures UDMC; Union Disaster Management Committee UN United Nations UNCTN; United Nations Centre for Transnational Corporations VDMC; Village Disaster Management Committee VTF; Village Task Force Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre P a g e | 5 Prime Message for Communication: Evaluation of DCA DRR Programme Historically, Asia Pacific region has been at the vortex of disasters more than any other part of the world. The South Asian region, home to some of the world’s most densely populated countries like Bangladesh and India face a more fragile situation aggravated by the proportionately higher percentage of their populace living below the poverty line. Nepal, located astride the Himalayan Ranges has reflects similar irony. DCA’s program covers adjacent areas of all three countries in an endeavor to execute DRR, adopting the right based approach. The Overall Objective of the DRR program is to enhance resilience and reduce vulnerabilities of the marginalized at-risk communities in all three countries. Impact, Effectiveness, Sustainability and Programme Relevance and Context are the four key issues addressed through DCA programme and which calls for evaluation. The evaluation has been carried out by technical team at the Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services (CDDMASS), New Delhi with Mr. N.M. Prusty, Director, CDDMASS as a principal consultant. CDDMASS approached the issue by identification of criterion for assessment to include significant risk reduction of vulnerable groups, reduction in discrimination now prevalent in project area, policy advocacy and improved institutional capacity of DCA and partners. DCA DRR program has significantly impacted preparedness to natural disasters at community and household levels. The understanding of rights and entitlements by marginalized communities has also developed thus steering focus away from just passive relief to actively addressing causes and risks and local level duty-bearers responsibility. There is great evidence of the enhanced ability of the poor to influence public system. The programme intervention helped in establishing stakeholder linkages between various communities based institutions, government agencies concerned and other stakeholders. Mainstreaming of DRR in development Program has been attempted well by most partner organizations under programme with varying degree of success. Alignment with livelihood strategies was distinctly visible. However, there is a need for integration of DRR Program to with livelihood strategies. Similarly, the integration of DRR to Climate Change Adaptation is an important area to be focused on. The program needs to be continued with an increased focus and impact to ensure the gains made and practices put in place on risk reduction and resilience and that it becomes routine to the lives of these people living at the periphery. Greater information sharing by partners will assist in improving program implementation. DCA should continue to engage national governments and regional networks to ensure DRR gets more focus and resources for higher impact. Center for Development and Disaster Management Support Services CDDMASS-A Strategy Centre P a g e | 6 Executive Summary There is adequate historical evidence to suggest that over the decades the Asia-Pacific Region has suffered the largest number of disasters and, as a corollary to it, greater looses in terms of human life and economic setbacks. The trend can be expected to remain ascendant should the entire spectrum of DRR measures not be holistically applied. DCA Programme Focus and Commitments; DCA has been pursuing humanitarian initiatives through its programmes in various countries in the South Asian Region. The interventions have addressed the areas of DRR, Climate Change Adaptation, Food Security, Livelihood Security etc. With the Rights Based Approach serving as the pivot, DCA has attempted to reach the most vulnerable marginalised communities, by adopting a regional approach to DRR. This programme in India, Bangladesh and Nepal, has focused on reducing vulnerabilities and enhancing the capacity of the most vulnerable communities, making affected communities aware of their rightful entitlements and access those entitlements through various forms of advocacy initiatives. Programme Area: Hazard-Risk Profile and Socio- Economic Setting This DCA programme focuses on three countries: Nepal - Terai region (far-west and western Nepal); India - coastal belt of Orissa, the Bramhaputra Basin in Assam, Sunderbans in West Bengal, Northern parts of Bihar; Bangladesh - southern part (Bay of Bengal region) and northeast and north-western Bangladesh. Among the programme countries, Bangladesh has faced most incidences of hydro- meteorological hazards. The country is vulnerable to natural hazards such as cyclones, floods, droughts and tidal surges which affect almost the entire country every year. India is susceptible to earthquakes, floods, droughts,
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