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Migration Profile of Austria

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Migration Profile of Austria Migration Profile Country perspective UR no im t e a d n iS a t a t e s o f EXTENDED VERSION A m e r i c a N o . 9 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 N o . 4 J u l y 2 07 Austria In the framework of MMWD – Making Migration Work for Development, the WP7 activities foresee the launch of a Transnational Platform for Policy Dialogue and Cooperation as an effort to support governments to address the consequence of Demographic trends on SEE territories. In particular, this platform will involve policy makers and decision makers at the national and sub-national level to promote the adoption of more effective services and regulations of the migration flows across the SEE area. In order to support and stimulate the dialogue within the Platform ad hoc migration profiles (MPs) will be developed for each partner country and will integrate the information and knowledge already provided by Demographic projections and Policy scenarios. The current MP focuses on the case of Austria and it’s centred around five topics: resident foreign population by gender, age cohorts and citizenship; population 1. Resident foreign population by flows (internal migration, emigration, immigration); gender, age cohorts and citizenship immigrants presence in the national labour market; foreign population by level of educational attainment; On 1 January 2012 more than 970,000 foreign nationals remittances/transfers of money to country of origin. (persons who are not Austrian citizens) lived in Austria. These topics have been selected among the MMWD This is equivalent to 11.5% of the overall population of panel of indicators relevant to describe demographic the country (8,443 million). Some 64% of resident and migration trends as well as to map their socio- foreign nationals had been living for more than 5 years economic implications. in Austria by this date. Considering the country of birth to define the origin of Background Information on Austria an individual, on 1 January 2012 there were some 1,349 million individuals resident in Austria who had Capital: Vienna been born outside the country; this is equivalent to 16.0% of the population. More than six tenths of those Official language: German born outside Austria held a foreign passport while 39% had been naturalised (i.e. had acquired Austrian Area: 83,870 Km2 citizenship). Those persons who were born abroad but have Population (2013): 8,451,860 acquired Austrian citizenship are also taken into account. This means that the combined group of Population density (2012): 102.2 inhabitants/Km2 persons with foreign nationality and those born abroad but with Austrian citizenship are thus here together Natural change in population (2012): -0.1‰ designated as the population of “foreign origin”. According to the population statistics derived from Foreign citizens on total population (2012): 11.5% residential registration records, there were 1,493 million persons of foreign origin living in Austria on 1 January Employment rate (2012): 75.6% 2012. This represents 17.7% of the population of Austria as a whole. Unemployment rate (2012): 4.3% On the basis of international definitions, the population “with migrant background” is made up of all persons Religions (2001 census): Roman Catholic 73.6%, whose parents were born abroad, irrespective of Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%. nationality. On average, there were some 1,569 million people living in Austria in 2011 with a migrant background (equivalent to 18.9% of the population). Country Perspective Austria Of these, 1,153 million are of the “first immigrant generation” in that they themselves were also born abroad but have since moved to Austria. The remaining 415,400 individuals are the children, born in Austria, of parents born abroad. These are known as the “second immigrant generation”. According to current forecasts, immigration will represent the predominant factor when it comes to future population development trends in Austria. If immigration and birth rates remain at the level they are today, the population of Austria would grow by 7.5% to just over 9 million in the next 20 years. This would mean that the population would increase by 11.6% to ca. 9.36 million by 2050 (main forecast scenario). However, if there is no migration surplus, predictions are that the population would fall by 2.2% to 8.21 million by 2031 and continue to fall to 7.48 million by 2050. The average age of Austrian citizens born in Austria was 42.2 years on 1 January 2012; persons of foreign origin were slightly younger, with an average age of 40.5 years. However, the average age of foreign nationals was markedly lower (35.3 years) than that of naturalised immigrants (50.1 years). While persons of foreign origin constituted 17.7% of the total population on 1 January 2012, they also constituted some 23.7% of the population aged 20 to under 40 years. The percentage of persons of foreign origin in the age group 40 to under 65 years was similar to that for the average of the population as a whole. In the other age groups (under 20 years: 13.7% and over 65 years: 12.8%), there were below average proportions of persons of foreign origin. Age structures within the population of foreign origin were relatively heterogeneous. Persons from other Nearly 42% of the 1,493 million inhabitants with foreign EU member states tended to be older than the nationality and/or who were born outside Austria population as a whole, while immigrants from third originated from another EU/EEA member state or from countries represented a particularly youthful Switzerland. Another 44% originated from other population group. The average age of persons from European countries, mainly from the successor states the successor states to Yugoslavia (excluding to the former Yugoslavia and fromTurkey. Just 14% of Slovenia) was 40.3 years while that of Turkish the population of foreign origin came from further immigrants was 36.2 years. The average age of the overseas; more than 50% of the non-European population of African origin was even lower (34.7 population of immigrants came from Asia. years), especially those from Ethiopia and Somalia. The country whose citizens represented the largest section of the immigrant population was Germany (227,000 individuals). Next came the group of immigrants from Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo (209,000 persons). In third place was the group of 186,000 persons from Turkey. In fourth place were the ca. 133,000 immigrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina and in fifth place were the ca. 75,000 immigrants from Romania (there was a marked increase in the level of immigration from this country following Romania's accession to the EU in 2007). These were followed by 70,000 persons from Croatia. page 2 Country Perspective Austria 2. Population flows 2.2. Emigration 2.1. Internal migration In 2011, more than 130,000 individuals moved to In 2012, there were 714,697 cases of people migrating Austria while nearly 95,000 persons left the country. within Austria, up from 701,242 in 2011. The majority The net increase in the number of persons coming to of these internal migrations involved relatively short live in Austria was thus 35,000. distances, with around 54.2% of cases concerning In the case of foreign nationals, 114,000 moved here moves within a municipality. while 73,000 left Austria, giving a net migration surplus 611,199 persons moved within federal territories, of 41,000 persons of foreign origin. especially inside Vienna (152,642), Upper Austria In the past five years the emigration abroad increased (100,362) and Styria (95,915). by almost 70,000, even if without a constant trend. In the same year 103,498 Austrian residents moved While less than a quarter of migrants is Austrian from a federal territory to another one inside Austria, (22.2%), the largest part of individuals who leave mainly to and from Vienna (33,780) and Lower Austria Austria is foreigner, mainly former Yugoslavia (12.7%), (25,644). The difference between arrivals and German (12.2%) and other EU countries citizens departure identifies a positive balance in the federal (12.5%). The relevance of returning home is clear in the territories of Vienna (+ 3,193 inhabitants), Lower emigration phenomenon in Austria. Austria (+1,313), Burgerland (+703) and Styria (+220); on the contrary, net rate of internal migration is negative in the others, especially Upper Austria (- 2,958) and Carinthia (-1,225). Hoewver the negative or positive rate of internal migration is never upper than 0.2% of the resident population. Almost a quarter of internal migrants is made of foreigners, both within or between federal territories. page 3 Country Perspective Austria 3. Immigrants presence in the Austrian labour market Persons from a migrant background less frequently have a paid occupation than Austrians. The employment rate among persons aged 15 - 64 years with a migrant background in 2011 was 65%; that of the population without a migrant background was 74%. This difference can be mainly attributed to the lower rate of female employment among immigrants (58% versus 69%), although employment is also slightly lower among male immigrants (73% versus 79%). However, the population with a migrant 2.3. Immigration background is a very heterogeneous group. The Of the roughly 130,000 who moved to Austria from employment rate among those from EU/ EEA countries other countries, 15,000 were returning Austrian (69%) and from the former Yugoslavia (66%) was citizens while another 72,000 were citizens of other considerably higher than that of persons with a Turkish EU countries who were able to use their right to migrant background (59%).
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