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CARLETONITE, Knaacaasiaors(Coe)4(F,OH)'H2O, a NEW MINERAL from MOUNT ST

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CARLETONITE, Knaacaasiaors(Coe)4(F,OH)'H2O, a NEW MINERAL from MOUNT ST THE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST. VOL. 56. NOVEMBER-DECEMBER. 1S71 CARLETONITE, KNaaCaaSiaOrs(COe)4(F,OH)'H2O, A NEW MINERAL FROM MOUNT ST. HILAIRE, QUEBEC G. Y. Cnao, Departmentof Geology,Caileton University, Ottawa, Canad,a AesrnA,cr Carletonite, KNarCarSisOrs(COa){(l',OH).HrO, occurs in thermally metamorphosed inclusions in the nepheline syenite at Mount St. Hilaire, Quebec. It is associated mainly with pectolite. albite, arfvedsonite, calcite, fluorite, and apophyllite The mineral is tetragonal, PL/mbm, with o:13.178+.003 A, ,:16.695+.004 A, c/a:L2669. The strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines and their relative intensities (visual), are: 8.353(100),4.t7t(100),4.053(50), 2.903(90),2.384(60). Z:4 Carletonite is pink to pale blue, with vitreous to pearly luster. E:4-4; on {OOt}. Density (meas.):2.45 g/cma, (calc.):2.426g/cms. Cleavage{001 } perfect, {tt0} good, fracture conchoidal.Optically uniaxial ( - ), o: 1.521+ 0.001, e: 1.517* 0.001, in Na light, for pink and blue varieties. The blue variety is weakly pleochroic with O: very pale blue and E : very pale pinkish brown. Analyses of pink and blue varieties gave, respectively, SiOz M.9,44.7, TiO2 tr., tr., AlzOa0.5,0.6, total Fe n.d., n.d., MgO 0.C9, C.13, CaO 19.92, 19.97, NazO 10.23, 10.64, KzO 3.28,3.31,COz -,15.2, F 0.70,0.73, HrO- 0.70,C.63, HzO+ -, 3.51, LOI 19.92,-, sum 100.24,99.42, - (O:F, 0.29,0.30:99.95,99.1270. DTA shows endothermic peaks at 300oC (vw), 692oC 1vs), and 915oC (wv), and an exothermic peak at 736"C (w). TGA shows 0.70/6weight loss below 430oC and 17.3/p above 430oC with major Ioss between 650o and 750oC. Infrared spectrum and its interpretation are given. INrnooucrror.r In a previous paper, Chao et al. (1967) briefly reported the occurrence of ten unidentified minerals from the nepheline syenite at Mount St. Hilaire, Quebec.One of these minerals, UK15, was later named carle- tonite, after Carleton University where it was first recognized.The name was approved by the Commission of New Minerals and Mineral Names of I.M.A. in June, 1969.The type specimensare depositedat the Na- tional Museum of Canada (No. T711). OccunnnNcB The geologicalsetting of the Mount St. Hilaire pluton has been given by Dresserand Denis (1944) and summarized bv Chao et al. (1967). Carletonite was found in the cores of wall-rock inclusions (shale inter- bedded with limestone) in the .nepheline syenite. The inclusions are thermally metamorphosed,either to-greenish gray and gray hornfels or to siliceousmarble. In one occurrencecarletonite was found in the quartz veins of a greenish gray hornfels, associatedwith lemon-yellow narsar- sukite, calcite, purple fluorite, and minor amounts of ancylite, molyb- 1855 1856 G. Y. CHAO denite, leucosphenite, ramsayite, and galena. In another occurrence, carletonite was found in the core of an inclusion two feet in diameter. The outer zone of this inclusion was mainly darli gray hornfels with Iarge patches of pink and white massive albite. The inner zone consisted primarily of coarsefi.brous pectolite, medium-grained arfvedsonite, small patches of massive pink albite, fine-grained qlrartz, apophyllite, purple fluorite, and carletonite. Massive pink carletonite, constituting approxi- mately 80 percent of the core (about 8 inches in diameter), was asso- ciated with euhedral crystals of arfvedsonite, apophyllite, and acicular leifrte. In a third occurrencethe outer zone oI the inclusion was a coarse- grained marble and the inner zone was almost pure, fibrous, radiating pectolite. Pale blue carletonite was found at the core with microcline, arfvedsonite, and minute euhedral crystals of apophyllite. No crystals of carletonite were found in any of these occurrences. X-ney Cnvsrar.r-ocRAPEY Weissenberg and precessionphotographs indicate that carletonite is tetragonal,with o:13.t2+.01 A and c:16.70-1.01 A. Systematicex- tinctions are consistent with the space group P4/mbm, except for two weak reflections,050 and 070. These reflections may be due to Renninger effect (multiple reflection) (James, 1958, p. 26) because they were ob- served only on photographs taken with CuKa radiation, but not on photographs taken with MoKa radiation. The cell parameters derived from the single crystal photographs were refined by a least-squares method, using powder diffraction data obtained from photographs taken with CuKa radiation and a 114.6mm camera.Metallic silicon was used as an internal standard.The refinedvalues area:13.178+.003 A and c:16.695+.004 A, c/a:L2669. X-ray powder difiraction data of carle- tonite are given in Table 1. The indexing of the lines was made by com- paring the observed and calculated d-values, using single crystal photo- graphs as a guide. Cnalrrcar, CoruposrrroN The pink and the blue varieties were separatedby use of heavy liquids and an isodynamic magnetic separator. The separated fractions were hand-picked under a microscope.A preliminary semi-quantitative spec- trographic analysis indicated the presence of Na, Ca, K, Si as major constituents; Mg and Al as minor constituents; Mn and B as traces only. Theseresults were used as a guide for the wet-chemical analyses. Oxides of nine elements were determined for the pink and the blue varieties according to the proceduresdescribed by Hounslow and Moore (1966). COz was determined by an acid evolution-gravimetric method. CARLETONITE 1857 I DIE I X-Ray ?owder Dlffraction DaEa of Carletonite (cuK- radiation, ).=1.54I8R' 114.6 m caera, " Si standard) I dobs (8) d .(8) hk1 (vasual, cal 40 lb. /u) 15.695 001 30 9.3i9 9 .3 r85 It0 100 8.353 8.3476 o02 20 6.583 6,5892 200 10 5.890 5 .8935 2ro 003 25 f. toJ 5.5650 ).))tJ 22L 10 ).I/J 5.t720 202 40 4.816 4.8t45 212 30 4.659 4.6592 220 10 4.250 4.2516 203 100 4.L71 4.r737 004 4.1672 310 )u 4.053 4 .0683 222 4.0462 213 5 3.573 3.5725 223 25 3.40s 3.406I 2t4 40 5.5J)t 313 10 3.236 3.2322 401 5 3,202 3.1962 410 5 3.139 J.I4JJ 115 1 l?ol 411 10 3.109 3.1088 224 40 3.057 3.0550 323 25 2.945 2.9468 420 90 2.903 2.905r 2t5 2.9018 421 403 I) 2.835 2.8350 40 2.777 2.7787 422 l5 2.750 2.7497 324 20 2.7t3 2.7L40 225 2.7L22 5 2.667 z .oo0z 116 40 2:604 2.6042 423 2.6034 43r 2.584 2.5860 404 2.5844 510 l5 2.540 2.537.6 4r4 10 2.466 2.4688 512 2.46s2 325 5 2.42) 2.4212 521 60 2,384 2.3850 007 1858 G, Y. CHAO Table I (continued) IO 2.329 2.3296 440 5B 2.265 2.2742 335 2.2600 530 IO 2.239 2.2396 531 15 2.209 2.2094 l0 2.t65 2.1665 6I0 IO 2.149 2.t485 6tl 158 2.tzL 2.L240 602 2.1230 221 20 2.086 2.0869 008 2.0836 620 5 2.065 2.0676 62L IO 2.O37 2.0364 118 5 2.O23r 426 2.0216 622 IO r.996 | .9974 327 10 t.971 r.9738 525 30 |,9r2 r.9135 436 1.9115 4r7 I5 I .890 1.8917 337 10B 1.860 I .8636 550 l. 8636 710 5 I .836 l. 8340 605 40 1.813 r.8122 328 t. /60 r.7852 642 <5 r. /oo t.7672 553 IO r.748 1.7474 418 l0B 1.731 L.7 322 338 r .7304 730 10 1.710 1.7094 olo 5 t.679 I .5788 651 5 I .653 1.6538 652 r.6523 733 IOB r .636 1.6405 740 1.6361 537 1.6345 438 30 1.603 r.6044 419 r .6036 617 1 603I 645 l5 I .568 r.5692 627 l58 I.553 r.s544 448 I .5530 660 5 1.533 t.5332 538 l5 1,517 t.5r71 00.1l Plus l7 lines B = Broad llne CARLETONITE 1859 HzO was analysed by direct determination of H (on two 25 mg samples) by Dr. A. D. Campbell, University of Otago, New Zealand. Results of the analysesare tabulated in Table 2. Crystal structure analysis (to be published elsewhere)showed that in carletonite, the SiOatetrahedra share three of their four oxygen atoms to form sheets consisting of four-membered and eight-membered rings, re- sembling the sheets in apophyllite (Taylor and NSray-Szab6, l93t; Chao, 1971). Two apophyllite-like sheetsare cross-linkedin carletonite, by half of the oxygen atoms not shared in the single sheets, to form "double sheets" of the composition SisOrs.Potassium, sodium and cal- cium atoms occupy distinct positions. These Iead to the ideal structural formula: KNa+CaESiaO18(COB)4(F,OH)' HrO The formula of carletonite was calculated from the average of the two analvses, on the basis of 8 (Si, AI) atoms per formula, resulting in: Ko.znNar.so(Caa.zr,Mgo.or) (Sit.rr, A10.11) O18(COr)r.uuFo.nt' 2.05 HrO Carletonite, thus, is non-stoichiometric, rvith deficienciesin K, Na, Ca, COa, and F. The water contents given in the analyses are much higher than the structural formula requires, even if one assumesthat some of the water is present in the form of OH in substitution for F.
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