Sterculiaceae Vent. No Estado De São Paulo

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Sterculiaceae Vent. No Estado De São Paulo Flávia Ribeiro Cruz STERCULIACEAE VENT. NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente para obtenção do Título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na Área de Concentração de Plantas Vasculares Orientador (a): Profa. Dra. Gerleni Lopes Esteves São Paulo 2007 Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela Seção de Biblioteca do Instituto de Botânica Cruz, Flávia Ribeiro C957s Sterculiaceae Vent. no Estado de São Paulo / Flávia Ribeiro Cruz -- São Paulo, 2007. 108 p. il. Dissertação (mestrado) -- Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, 2007 Bibliografia. 1. Sterculiaceae. 2. Flora. 3. Taxonomia. I. Título CDU 582.798 Comissão Julgadora: ___________________________ _________________________ Prof(a). Dr(a). Prof(a). Dr(a). _____________________________ Profa. Dra. Gerleni Lopes Esteves Orientadora Dedico aos meus pais, Salvador e Norma, pelo amor e apoio incondicionais, à minha irmã, Gláucia, pelo grande carinho e incentivo, ao Fernando, por tudo o que significa para mim e à Gerleni, pelo exemplo e por todos os seus ensinamentos. Agradecimentos As palavras de agradecimento expressadas aqui representam a minha grande consideração e reconhecimento por todos que puderam contribuir para a realização desse trabalho. À Gerleni, especialmente, que me permitiu ser sua “filha”, abrindo as portas de sua sala, acreditando e confiando em mim espontaneamente. Por sua competência, paciência, dedicação, profissionalismo e amor com os quais pôde apresentar e fazer-me apaixonar pela Taxonomia. Por ensinar-me a exigir sempre o melhor de mim, pelas críticas, discussões, “puxões de orelha”, amizade e afeto que possibilitaram a concretização desse estudo. À direção do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, pela infra-estrutura e apoio oferecidos durante o desenvolvimento de todo o trabalho. Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) pela concessão da bolsa de mestrado. A todos os membros da Comissão de Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Botânica pela presteza, dedicação e profissionalismo. Aos funcionários da Secretaria de Pós-Graduação, Antônio Ap. Carlos Borges e principalmente à Márcia Angelo, pela atenção, gentileza e carinho com que trata os alunos e seu trabalho. Aos funcionários da seção de Biblioteca, Maria Helena S. C. Fernandes Gallo, Sueli Paiva de Caldas e Jefferson Ap. de Souza, pela ajuda dispensada em tudo o que precisei. E às funcionárias da seção de publicações, Sirléia Clementina Ferreira, Maria R. Pereira Oliveira e Rosalina de Mattos, por todos os serviços prestados. À Tânia Ceratti, que me abriu as portas do Instituto de Botânica na Seção de Educação Ambiental, despertando-me para a Botânica e posteriormente, responsável pelo meu engajamento na Taxonomia. À Prof.ª. Dra. Neusa Taroda, pela atenção e receptividade no herbário de São José do Rio Preto. À Janice Saunders por disponibilizar uma cópia de sua tese, colaborando com a elaboração desse estudo. E ao Aurélio Schinini, pela gentileza e demonstração de amizade. Aos docentes do Curso de Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Botânica e a todos os professores e mestres com os quais tive o prazer de aprender durante a minha vida acadêmica, contribuindo para a minha formação profissional. Aos curadores e funcionários dos herbários visitados, pela atenção e empréstimo de materiais, especialmente à Dra. Inês Cordeiro, curadora do herbário SP, onde foi realizada essa dissertação. Aos pesquisadores da Seção de Curadoria do Herbário do Instituto de Botânica, em especial à Maria das Graças Lapa Wanderley, Cinthia Kameyama, Fábio de Barros, Jefferson Prado, Letícia Ribes de Lima, Lúcia Rossi, Maria Cândida Henrique Mamede, Maria Margarida da Rocha Fiúza de Melo, Marie Sugyama, Mizue Kirizawa, Rosângela Simão-Bianchini, Sônia Aragaki, Sérgio Romaniuc-Neto, Suzana Ehlin Martins, e funcionárias, Ana Célia, Georgete, Néia, Tereza e Regina, pela acolhida, auxílio indispensável e por compartilharem do meu dia a dia. Às Dras. Cinthia Kameyama, Inês Cordeiro e Lúcia Rossi, pelos comentários e sugestões à minha aula de qualificação. Agradeço principalmente à Lúcia e à Suzana, por estarem sempre dispostas a ajudar e pela atenção especial. Fora os assuntos botânicos, agradeço especialmente à Maga, por ser tão amiga e pelo seu dom da palavra; à Candinha, pelas dicas de culinária e cinema, à Cíntia, pelas conversas sobre casamento e futuros filhos e à Letícia, pelo seu alto astral contagiante. Aos companheiros do laboratório do Herbário SP, com os quais aprendi e continuo aprendendo tantas coisas: Agatha, Ana Paula, Bárbara, Bianca, Carolina, Cristina, Daniel, Elisete, Fábio, Gardene, Igor, João Vicente, Juliana, Leonardo, Luciana, Luciano, Marília Pereira, Pedro, Rafael, Renata, Rebeca, Rubens, Paki, Tatiana, Thais e Victor. Aos amigos especiais, por tudo o que partilhamos: Anderson, pelo seu brilho e disposição no trabalho das imagens; Berta, pelos estudos iniciais em Taxonomia e pelas boas dicas de campo; Bia, pela atenção nos momentos difíceis, pelas conversas sobre Filogenia e pelo incentivo; Cíntia, pelo seu sorriso especial; Gi, por todas as nossas conversas no caminho de volta para casa; Fátima, por ser a pessoa que mais convivi nesse tempo, nas horas boas e nem tão boas assim, com quem tirei dúvidas, discuti e aprendi, por ser autêntica, te admiro muito! Lívia, pela amizade desde a Educação Ambiental, ainda na iniciação científica, pela companhia e ajuda nas viagens a Paulo de Faria e Votuporanga e, Marília, minha irmã Malvóloga, pela amizade sincera, receptividade, por compartilhar não somente assuntos e informações botânicas, mas também de vida, por todas as suas contribuições nesse trabalho, pela companhia nas viagens a Moji-Guaçu, Paulo de Faria e Votuporanga e na visita aos herbários do Rio de Janeiro. À Dra. Maria Cláudia M. Young e seus alunos, Cíntia e Fabiano, da Seção de Fisiologia Vegetal do Instituto de Botânica, pela companhia e ajuda na última viagem a Moji-Guaçu. Ao ilustrador Klei R. Souza, pela atenção, paciência e profissionalismo com que fez alguns desenhos e cobriu a nanquim todas as ilustrações. Ao papai e à mamãe, pela doação de suas vidas a mim e aos meus estudos, por acreditarem sempre no que faço e no meu futuro, pela minha vida, por fazerem de mim o que sou hoje, pelo grande amor, apoio e incentivo sempre. À Gláu, por ser a melhor irmã do mundo, atenciosa, prestativa, carinhosa, companheira e amiga em todas as horas. Esse trabalho é para vocês. Ao Fê, meu amor, por ter me ensinado a viver um dia de cada vez, me apoiar e me tranqüilizar, pelo carinho especial com que sempre me ouviu e incentivou. Você é parte da minha vida! A Deus, pela presença real, saúde, força e equilíbrio conferidos em todos os momentos. SUMÁRIO RESUMO ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUÇÃO 1.1. Aspectos gerais de Sterculiaceae.............................................1 1.2. Principais trabalhos taxonômicos.............................................5 1.3. Posicionamento e circunscrição ..............................................7 2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS 2.1. Caracterização da área de estudo ............................................9 2.2. Levantamento bibliográfico e estudo morfológico e taxonômico ..... 10 2.3. Elaboração do trabalho....................................................... 12 3. RESULTADOS – Sterculiaceae Vent. no Estado de São Paulo .................. 13 3.1.1. Descrição da família ........................................................ 13 3.1.2. Chave para os gêneros ..................................................... 14 Ayenia L. ..................................................................... 15 A. nummularia Cristóbal............................................... 16 A. praecipua Cristóbal ................................................. 17 A. tomentosa L. ......................................................... 18 Byttneria Loefl. ............................................................. 19 B. australis A. St.-Hil................................................... 21 B. catalpaefolia Jacq. subsp. sidaefolia (A. St.-Hil.) Cristóbal . 22 B. gracilipes Decne. ex Baill. ......................................... 24 B. hatschbachii Cristóbal .............................................. 25 B. oblongata Pohl ....................................................... 26 B. palustris Cristóbal................................................... 27 B. sagittifolia A. St.-Hil................................................ 28 B. scabra L. .............................................................. 29 Guazuma Adans. ............................................................ 31 G. ulmifolia Lam........................................................ 32 Helicteres L. ................................................................. 36 H. brevispira A. St.-Hil................................................. 38 H. corylifolia Nees & Mart............................................. 40 i H. lhotzkyana (Schott & Endl.) K. Schum. .......................... 41 H. ovata Lam. ........................................................... 43 H. sacarolha A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess....................... 45 Melochia L.................................................................... 48 M. pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle ..................................... 49 M. pyramidata L. ....................................................... 50 M. simplex A. St.-Hil. .................................................. 52 M. spicata (L.) Fryxell.................................................
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