Our Politics Start with the World
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New International A MAGAZINE OF MaRXIST POLITICS AND THEORY NUMBER 13 2005 EDITORIAL BOARD Contents editor Mary-Alice Waters In this issue 3 managing editor Steve Clark Our politics start with the world contributing by Jack Barnes 11 editor Jack Barnes Farming, science, and the working classes INTERNATIONAL by Steve Clark 129 CONSULTANTS Anita Östling Capitalism, labor, and the Ron Poulsen transformation of nature: Michel Prairie an exchange Ólöf Andra Proppé A ‘left’ critic Samad Sharif of organic farming Jonathan Silberman by Richard Levins 169 Mike Tucker Progress for whom? by Steve Clark 183 Two final comments 203 Index 211 13NIp.indb 1 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM Copyright © 2005 by New In ter na tional All rights reserved First printing, 2005 Fifth printing, 2015 ISSN 0737-3724 ISBN 978-0-87348-975-1 Manufactured in the United States of America New In ter na tional is distributed internationally by Pathfinder Press: www.pathfinderpress.com Cover design: Eva Braiman Front cover: Top photo, coal-fired power plant in Didcot, En gland. © Charles O’Rear/Corbis. Bottom photo, farmer near Bhena, Nepal. © Macduff Everton/Corbis. Back cover: Earth at Night, image by Craig Mayhew and Rob ert Simmon, NASA, based on data from the De fense Meteorological Satellite Program. 13NI0r.indd 2 8/30/2015 4:59:14 PM IN THIS ISSUE ake a look at Earth at Night on our back cover. The shimmering clusters, faint patches, and dark ex- Tpanses underscore the brutal class fact that a major- ity of the world’s working people—largely in Asia, Africa, and Latin Amer ica—subsist without electricity or modern sources of energy, even for cooking and heat. This composite of hundreds of satellite photographs is a stark measure of the huge inequalities, not only be- tween im pe ri al ist and semicolonial countries but also among classes within almost every country, in so cial and cultural development and in the foundations for any sus- tained economic advance. These disparities, produced and accentuated every day simply by the workings of world capitalism, will widen further as competition for markets intensifies among the U.S. ruling families and their im- pe ri al ist rivals in Europe and the Pa cific. Electrification “is an elementary precondition if mod- ern industry and cultural life are to develop,” Jack Barnes emphasizes in our lead article, “and communists fight for it to be extended to all—all—the world’s six billion people. This fight is a prime example of how pro le tar ian 3 13NIp.indb 3 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM 4 New International politics, our politics, start with the world.” In order for class-conscious workers to build a world communist movement of dis ci plined pro le tar ian parties, he notes, their week-by-week activity needs to be guided by a program, a strategy, to close—and then keep closed— these enormous economic and so cial disparities. Our job “is to make a revolution in the country where we find ourselves, where we live and work,” Barnes explains. To accomplish that, “it’s above all necessary for us to under- stand, and understand thoroughly, politics and the class strug gle within those national boundaries. “But we can do so only by starting with the fact that those national peculiarities and their changes are a prod- uct of the workings of a world market,” he says. “We need to recognize that we are part of an international class that itself has no homeland—the working class—and to act always as though we are part of an international al- liance with exploited and oppressed toilers throughout the world. “That’s not a slogan. That’s not a moral imperative. It’s not a proposed act of will. It is a recognition of the class reality of economic, so cial, and political life in the im pe- ri al ist epoch.” It is, Barnes says, an irreplaceable part of the activity of politically organized revolutionary work- ers, “the only force on earth that can carry out success- ful revolutionary strug gles along the line of march of the proletariat toward political power.” “Our Politics Start with the World” was presented by Barnes, the national secretary of the So cial ist Workers Party in the United States, to open a discussion at an in- ternational so cialist conference held June 14–17, 2001, in Oberlin, Ohio. Among the nearly 400 participants were members, supporters, and friends of the So cial ist Workers Party in the United States, the Com mu nist Leagues in 13NIp.indb 4 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM In this issue 5 Australia, Can ada, Iceland, New Zealand, Swe den, and the United King dom, as well as dozens of Young So cial- ists and other workers, farmers, and young people from North Amer ica and elsewhere around the world. The fol- lowing year “Our Politics Start with the World,” edited for publication, was debated and adopted by delegates to the 2002 SWP national convention. “Cap i tal ism’s Long Hot Win ter Has Begun,” the politi- cal report and summary by Barnes adopted by that same convention, together with “Their Transformation and Ours,” SWP Na tional Committee draft theses prepared by Mary-Alice Waters, editor of N e w I n t e r n a t i o n a l , are the fea- tured articles in issue number 12 of this magazine. These companion issues, New In ter na tional numbers 12 and 13, complement each other. “Cap i tal ism’s Long Hot Win ter Has Begun,” too, starts with the world. It centers on the accelerated contradictions—economic, so cial, political, and military—that have pushed the international im pe- ri al ist order into the opening stages of a global financial crisis and depression, as well as a new militarization drive and expanding wars. This long, hot winter that world capi- talism has now entered, Barnes notes, is one that “slowly but surely and explosively” will breed “a scope and depth of resistance not previously seen by revolutionary-minded militants throughout today’s world.” The contents of these two issues of N e w I n t e r n a t i o n a l , published at the same time, are a contribution to the po- litical preparations for that stepped-up and increasingly worldwide resistance by the toilers and their allies. ❖ The wealth that makes possible human civilization and progress is, in its entirety, the product of so cial labor’s 13NIp.indb 5 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM 6 New International transformation of nature, a labor that simultaneously transforms itself. “Human labor is so cial labor,” Barnes emphasizes in the closing remarks to the 2001 so cialist conference printed here. “Its product is not the result of the work of an indi- vidual, nor even the work of many individuals summed together.” The output of the labor of a farmer, a seam- stress, a butcher, or a miner, he says, “is determined by the class relations under which they toil. It is so cial labor that bequeaths generation after generation the culture, the blueprints, to transform material reality in new and more productive ways and to make possible the creation of a better world.” But, he added, as Marx taught us, so long as capitalism reigns, these improvements in the forces of production will simultaneously tend both to in- crease the intensification of labor and to produce more horrendous forces of destruction. These questions of Marxist politics and theory, on which much of the discussion at the 2001 international so cialist gathering focused, were the topic of one of seven classes organized for conference participants. The class was presented by Steve Clark, a member of the SWP Na- tional Committee. A few weeks later Clark used the pre- sentation, enriched by the discussion at the conference, as the basis for preparing a four-part series in the M i l i tant, a New York newsweekly published in the interests of working people worldwide. The series has been edited for publication here as a single article entitled, “Farming, Science, and the Working Classes.” ❖ “Cap i tal ism, La bor, and the Transformation of Nature,” an exchange between Rich ard Levins and Steve Clark, is 13NIp.indb 6 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM In this issue 7 the final item in this issue. Following publication of the articles by Clark in the M i l i t a n t , Levins, professor of popu- lation sciences and a researcher at the Harvard School of Pub lic Health, wrote a response. Levins is active in the July 26 Coalition, a Bos ton-area Cuba solidarity organization, and works with the Institute of Ecology and Systematics of the Cu ban Ministry of Science, Technology and the Environment. Levins’s article is published here for the first time, followed by Clark’s reply and final comments by each author. December 2004 13NIp.indb 7 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM 13NIp.indb 8 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM OUR POLITicS START WITH THE WORLD 13NIp.indb 9 7/7/2013 11:50:04 AM “Electrification is a precondition if modern industry and cultural life are to develop, Lenin pointed out. Communists fight to extend it to all the world’s six billion people. This fight is a prime example of how proletarian politics start with the world.” TOP: Russian peasants study a map showing the electrification of Moscow, 1926.