THE MONATOMIC IONS! 1. What Is the Formula for Silver? Ag 2. What Is
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A Comparison of Composite Transparent Conducting Oxides Based on the Binary Compounds Cdo and Sno2
October 2001 • NREL/CP-520-31017 A Comparison of Composite Transparent Conducting Oxides Based on the Binary Compounds CdO and SnO2 Preprint X. Li, T. Gessert, C. DeHart, T. Barnes, H. Moutinho, Y. Yan, D. Young, M. Young, J. Perkins, and T. Coutts To be presented at the NCPV Program Review Meeting Lakewood, Colorado 14-17 October 2001 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE The submitted manuscript has been offered by an employee of the Midwest Research Institute (MRI), a contractor of the US Government under Contract No. DE-AC36-99GO10337. Accordingly, the US Government and MRI retain a nonexclusive royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. -
Safety Data Sheet
SAFETY DATA SHEET Revision Date 14-Feb-2020 Revision Number 2 1. Identification Product Name Silver bromide Cat No. : 12110 CAS-No 7785-23-1 Synonyms None Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company Alfa Aesar Thermo Fisher Scientific Chemicals, Inc. 30 Bond Street Ward Hill, MA 01835-8099 Tel: 800-343-0660 Fax: 800-322-4757 Email: [email protected] www.alfa.com Emergency Telephone Number During normal business hours (Monday-Friday, 8am-7pm EST), call (800) 343-0660. After normal business hours, call Carechem 24 at (866) 928-0789. 2. Hazard(s) identification Classification Classification under 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met Label Elements None required Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) None identified 3. Composition/Information on Ingredients Component CAS-No Weight % Silver bromide (AgBr) 7785-23-1 99 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 1 / 6 Silver bromide Revision Date 14-Feb-2020 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. First-aid measures Eye Contact Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention. Skin Contact Wash off immediately with soap and plenty of water while removing all contaminated clothes and shoes. Get medical attention. Inhalation Remove from exposure, lie down. Remove to fresh air. Get medical attention. Ingestion Clean mouth with water. Get medical attention. Most important symptoms and No information available. effects Notes to Physician Treat symptomatically 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable Extinguishing Media Water spray. -
United States Patent Office Patented May 9, 1961 1
2,983,583 United States Patent Office Patented May 9, 1961 1. 2 of the tube and drained into the hot Zone. Most of the 2,983,583 silicon tetrachloride was recovered unchanged. 0.43 millimole of BCls were obtained. Based on the SiCl4 METHOD OF PREPARNG BORON TRICHLORDE consumed, the yield of boron trichloride was about 70% FROM BORIC OXDE AND SILICON TETRA 5 based on Equation 2. CHLORDE Example III-In another experiment, conducted in William H. Schechter, Bradford Woods, Pa., assignor to a manner similar to those above, 10.0 millimoles of S2Cl2 Callery Chemical Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corpor was heated with 5.04 millimoles of BOs at 800° C. for ration of Pennsylvania 10 minutes. Boron trichloride and sulfur dioxide were O obtained in the volatile products, and a yellow solid, be No Drawing. Filed Mar. 28, 1958, Ser. No. 725,471 lieved to be sulfur, formed in the tube. 2 Claims. (CI. 23-205) Example IV.-9.32 millimoles of PC were passed over excess BO heated to 800° C. for 10 minutes. The vola This invention relates to the preparation of boron tri 15 tile products formed were analyzed with an infrared spec chloride and more particularly to the preparation of trometer and found to be predominantly BCl3. Some boron trichloride from boric oxide and non-metallic orange colored solids also formed in the reactor during chlorides. the reaction. The non-metallic chlorides which have been found Boron trichloride, BC, is used in several processes to useful in the practice of this invention are all volatile prepare other boron compounds, as a catalyst, and, in 20 liquids, at ordinary temperatures, and their reaction with general, is regarded as a basic boron compound. -
Boron and Titanium(IV) Halide Mediated Reactions
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2010 Boron and Titanium(IV) Halide Mediated Reactions Michael Patrick Quinn University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Quinn, Michael Patrick, "Boron and Titanium(IV) Halide Mediated Reactions. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/908 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Michael Patrick Quinn entitled "Boron and Titanium(IV) Halide Mediated Reactions." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Chemistry. George W. Kabalka, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Shane Foister, Ziling (Ben) Xue, Paul Dalhaimer Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Michael Patrick Quinn entitled ―Boron and Titanium(IV) Halide Mediated Reactions.‖ I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Chemistry. -
PAPERS READ BEFORE the CHEMICAL SOCIETY. XXII1.-On
View Article Online / Journal Homepage / Table of Contents for this issue 773 PAPERS READ BEFORE THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. XXII1.-On Tetrabromide of Carbon. No. II. By THOMASBOLAS and CHARLESE. GROVES. IN a former paper* we described several methods for the preparation of the hitherto unknown tetrabromide of carbon, and in the present communication we desire to lay before the Society the results of our more recent experiments. In addition to those methods of obtaining the carbon tetrabromide, which we have already published, the fol- lowing are of interest, either from a theoretical point of view, or as affording advantageous means for the preparation of that substance. Action of Bromine on Carbon Disulphide. Our former statement that? bromine had no action on carbon disul- phide requires some modification, as we find that when it is heated to 180" or 200" for several hundred hours with bromine free from both chlorine and iodine, and the contents of the tubes are neutralised and distilled in the usual way, a liquid is obtained, which consists almost entirely of unaltered carbon disulphide ; but when this is allowed to evaporate spontaneously, a small quantity of a crystalline substance is left, which has the appearance and properties of carbon tetrabromide. The length of time required for this reaction, and the very small relative amount of substance obtained, would, however, render this Published on 01 January 1871. Downloaded by Brown University 25/10/2014 10:39:25. quite inapplicable as a process for the preparation of the tetra- bromide. Action of Bromine on Carbon Disdphide in, presence of Certain Bromides. -
Halogenated Ether, Alcohol, and Alkane Anesthetics Activate TASK-3 Tandem Pore Potassium Channels Likely Through a Common Mechanism S
Supplemental material to this article can be found at: http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/suppl/2017/03/21/mol.117.108290.DC1 1521-0111/91/6/620–629$25.00 https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.117.108290 MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY Mol Pharmacol 91:620–629, June 2017 Copyright ª 2017 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Halogenated Ether, Alcohol, and Alkane Anesthetics Activate TASK-3 Tandem Pore Potassium Channels Likely through a Common Mechanism s Anita Luethy, James D. Boghosian, Rithu Srikantha, and Joseph F. Cotten Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.L., J.D.B., and J.F.C.); Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (A.L.); Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.S.) Received January 7, 2017; accepted March 20, 2017 Downloaded from ABSTRACT The TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 3 (TASK-3; hydrate (165% [161–176]) . 2,2-dichloro- . 2-chloro 2,2,2- KCNK9) tandem pore potassium channel function is activated by trifluoroethanol . ethanol. Similarly, carbon tetrabromide (296% halogenated anesthetics through binding at a putative anesthetic- [245–346]), carbon tetrachloride (180% [163–196]), and 1,1,1,3,3,3- binding cavity. To understand the pharmacologic requirements for hexafluoropropanol (200% [194–206]) activate TASK-3, whereas molpharm.aspetjournals.org TASK-3 activation, we studied the concentration–response of the larger carbon tetraiodide and a-chloralose inhibit. Clinical TASK-3 to several anesthetics (isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, agents activate TASK-3 with the following rank order efficacy: halothane, a-chloralose, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol [TCE], and chloral halothane (207% [202–212]) . -
Chemical Chemical Hazard and Compatibility Information
Chemical Chemical Hazard and Compatibility Information Acetic Acid HAZARDS & STORAGE: Corrosive and combustible liquid. Serious health hazard. Reacts with oxidizing and alkali materials. Keep above freezing point (62 degrees F) to avoid rupture of carboys and glass containers.. INCOMPATIBILITIES: 2-amino-ethanol, Acetaldehyde, Acetic anhydride, Acids, Alcohol, Amines, 2-Amino-ethanol, Ammonia, Ammonium nitrate, 5-Azidotetrazole, Bases, Bromine pentafluoride, Caustics (strong), Chlorosulfonic acid, Chromic Acid, Chromium trioxide, Chlorine trifluoride, Ethylene imine, Ethylene glycol, Ethylene diamine, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen sulfide, Hydroxyl compounds, Ketones, Nitric Acid, Oleum, Oxidizers (strong), P(OCN)3, Perchloric acid, Permanganates, Peroxides, Phenols, Phosphorus isocyanate, Phosphorus trichloride, Potassium hydroxide, Potassium permanganate, Potassium-tert-butoxide, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium peroxide, Sulfuric acid, n-Xylene. Acetone HAZARDS & STORAGE: Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated place. INCOMPATIBILITIES: Acids, Bromine trifluoride, Bromine, Bromoform, Carbon, Chloroform, Chromium oxide, Chromium trioxide, Chromyl chloride, Dioxygen difluoride, Fluorine oxide, Hydrogen peroxide, 2-Methyl-1,2-butadiene, NaOBr, Nitric acid, Nitrosyl chloride, Nitrosyl perchlorate, Nitryl perchlorate, NOCl, Oxidizing materials, Permonosulfuric acid, Peroxomonosulfuric acid, Potassium-tert-butoxide, Sulfur dichloride, Sulfuric acid, thio-Diglycol, Thiotrithiazyl perchlorate, Trichloromelamine, 2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine -
NACE Bromine Chemistry Review Paper
25 YEARS OF BROMINE CHEMISTRY IN INDUSTRIAL WATER SYSTEMS: A REVIEW Christopher J. Nalepa Albemarle Corporation P.O. Box 14799 Baton Rouge, LA 70898 ABSTRACT Bromine chemistry is used to great advantage in nature for fouling control by a number of sessile marine organisms such as sponges, seaweeds, and bryozoans. Such organisms produce small quantities of brominated organic compounds that effectively help keep their surfaces clean of problem bacteria, fungi, and algae. For over two decades, bromine chemistry has been used to similar advantage in the treatment of industrial water systems. The past several years in particular has seen the development of several diverse bromine product forms – one-drum stabilized bromine liquids, all-bromine hydantoin solids, and pumpable gels. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of bromine chemistry in industrial water treatment, discuss characteristics of the new product forms, and speculate on future developments. Keywords: Oxidizing biocide, bleach, bromine, bromine chemistry, sodium hypobromite, activated sodium bromide, Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin, Bromochloromethyethylhydantoin, Dibromodi- methylhydantoin,, BCDMH, BCMEH, DBDMH, stabilized bromine chloride, stabilized hypobromite INTRODUCTION Sessile marine organisms generate metabolites to ward off predators and deter attachment of potential micro- and macrofoulants. Sponges, algae, and bryozoans for example, produce a rich variety of bromine-containing compounds that exhibit antifoulant properties (Fig. 1).1,2,3 Scientists are actively studying these organisms to understand how they maintain surfaces that are relatively clean and slime- free.4 Brominated furanones isolated from the red algae Delisea pulchra, for example, have been found to interfere with the chemical signals (acylated homoserine lactones) that bacteria use to communicate with one another to produce biofilms.5,6 This work may eventually lead to more effective control of microorganisms in a number of industries such as industrial water treatment, oil and gas production, health care, etc. -
WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C12N 15/10 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/DK20 15/050343 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 11 November 2015 ( 11. 1 1.2015) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (25) Filing Language: English PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (26) Publication Language: English SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: PA 2014 00655 11 November 2014 ( 11. 1 1.2014) DK (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 62/077,933 11 November 2014 ( 11. 11.2014) US kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 62/202,3 18 7 August 2015 (07.08.2015) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (71) Applicant: LUNDORF PEDERSEN MATERIALS APS TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, [DK/DK]; Nordvej 16 B, Himmelev, DK-4000 Roskilde DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, (DK). -
Boron Trichloride. Bcl₃
→ Datasheet Boron trichloride. BCl₃ Product information BCl₃ is the main gas composition in High-K and metal anisotropic plasma etch. Atomic layer etch and pulsed plasma etch. BCl₃ is mainly used for fine etching of aluminum circuits in the manuf- acturing process of LCD panels. Characteristics Liquefied gas, decomposes in water to hydrogen chloride and boric acid. Forms white fumes in humid air. Pungent odor. Highly corrosive. Gas density is heavier than air. Physical data Molecular weight [g/mol] 117.17 Boiling point at 1.013 bar [°C] 12.5 at 14.5 psi [°F] 54.52 at 1.013 bar, Density 5.162 at 1 atm., 70 °F [lb/ft³] 0.315 15 °C [kg/m³] Vapor pressure at 0 °C [bar] 0.63 at 32 °F [psi] 9.09 at 20 °C [bar] 1.33 at 70 °F [psi] 19.91 Flammability range in air (% volume) Non-combustible Product specification Purity grade Typical purity Typical impurities [ppm] N₂ O₂+Ar CO CO₂ COCl₂ CH₄ HCl 5.0N ≥99.999 % ≤4 ≤1 ≤0.5 ≤1 ≤0.5 ≤0.5 ≤50 5.5N ≥99.99995 % ≤1 ≤0.5 ≤0.5 ≤1 ≤0.5 ≤0.5 ≤25 Contact our team for higher grade or different specification products. Shipping information UN number CAS number EC number DOT label Hazard labels required 1741 10294-34-5 233-658-4 Poison gas ADR Class 2, 2 TC DOT Class 2.3 → Boron trichloride. Product datasheet. Page 2 Packaging information Package Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Fill Pressure Valve Valve designa- internal material diameter height to tare weight contents (psig) outlet material options o tion volume valve outlet @ 70 F US Cylinder 209 44 L Nickel 9 in 52 in 130 lb 110 lb 4.4 CGA -
Global Lithium Sources—Industrial Use and Future in the Electric Vehicle Industry: a Review
resources Review Global Lithium Sources—Industrial Use and Future in the Electric Vehicle Industry: A Review Laurence Kavanagh * , Jerome Keohane, Guiomar Garcia Cabellos, Andrew Lloyd and John Cleary EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Kilkenny, Road, Co., R93-V960 Carlow, Ireland; [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (G.G.C.); [email protected] (A.L.); [email protected] (J.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 July 2018; Accepted: 11 September 2018; Published: 17 September 2018 Abstract: Lithium is a key component in green energy storage technologies and is rapidly becoming a metal of crucial importance to the European Union. The different industrial uses of lithium are discussed in this review along with a compilation of the locations of the main geological sources of lithium. An emphasis is placed on lithium’s use in lithium ion batteries and their use in the electric vehicle industry. The electric vehicle market is driving new demand for lithium resources. The expected scale-up in this sector will put pressure on current lithium supplies. The European Union has a burgeoning demand for lithium and is the second largest consumer of lithium resources. Currently, only 1–2% of worldwide lithium is produced in the European Union (Portugal). There are several lithium mineralisations scattered across Europe, the majority of which are currently undergoing mining feasibility studies. The increasing cost of lithium is driving a new global mining boom and should see many of Europe’s mineralisation’s becoming economic. The information given in this paper is a source of contextual information that can be used to support the European Union’s drive towards a low carbon economy and to develop the field of research. -
Safety Data Sheet
SAFETY DATA SHEET Creation Date 27-Aug-2013 Revision Date 14-Feb-2020 Revision Number 2 1. Identification Product Name Cadmium bromide, ultra dry Cat No. : 47105 CAS-No 7789-72-6 Synonyms No information available Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company Alfa Aesar Thermo Fisher Scientific Chemicals, Inc. 30 Bond Street Ward Hill, MA 01835-8099 Tel: 800-343-0660 Fax: 800-322-4757 Email: [email protected] www.alfa.com Emergency Telephone Number During normal business hours (Monday-Friday, 8am-7pm EST), call (800) 343-0660. After normal business hours, call Carechem 24 at (866) 928-0789. 2. Hazard(s) identification Classification This chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Acute oral toxicity Category 4 Acute dermal toxicity Category 4 Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Dusts and Mists Category 4 Carcinogenicity Category 1A Label Elements Signal Word Danger Hazard Statements May cause cancer Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 1 / 7 Cadmium bromide, ultra dry Revision Date 14-Feb-2020 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Precautionary Statements Prevention Obtain special instructions before use Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood Use personal protective equipment