DOCSLIB.ORG

The Correspondence of the Mahamad of the Spanish and Portuguese

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Correspondence of the Mahamad of the Spanish and Portuguese The Correspondence of theMahamad of the Spanish and Portuguese Congregation of London during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries1 By R. D. Barnett, M.A., Litt.D., F.B.A., F.S.A. IHE extent to which the Mahamad2 (Wardens) of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of London have made public their records shows a remarkable spirit of liberality and enterprise which might well serve as an encouragement and example to others. Already in the last century James Picciotto3 was granted access to their records, and for the Bicentenary of Bevis Marks Synagogue in 1902, the late Dr. Gaster, a former occupant of my present presidential office, and Haham of the was to use congregation, the first their records to make a general survey, theHistory of theAncient Synagogue of Bevis Marks (1901), which?whatever its defects?was no less remarkable for being the first of its kind than for being written in the incredibly short space of six months. It may be also noted that, as has recently come to light, a Dr. Gaster prepared number of detailed appendices for a second volume which, though they got as far as proof, were never published. Since then, we have had my father's translation of the firstMinute Book,4 his history of the Congregation,5 and theAbstracts ofKetuhoth orMarriage Contracts from 1687 to 1837;6 Treasures of a London Temple1 (a description of the silver and other ritual appurtenances) and finally the lateMr. Hyamson's admirable history, The Sephardim of England, published in 1951 for the 250th anniversary of the opening of the Synagogue. After these distinguished pre? decessors ofmine have skimmed off the cream of Anglo-Sephardi history (and I have made no mention of the labours of Lucien Wolf, and of others, in fields outside the Synagogue's own records), itmay well seem that there is little left for us to garner. And now it is probably true that little but subsidiary work (though there could be plenty to of it) remains be done in the archives of the Synagogue?with the possible exception of the one field upon which I have chosen here to speak. Yet even here what I have to say is largelymarginal comments to the great works ofmy predecessors. The correspondence of theMahamad has been little read and less studied. It is particularly useful in throwing additional light on well-known domestic matters, but most of all because it reflects the whole pattern and picture of the foreign relations of the London Synagogue. This is a subject which has hitherto not been particularly 1 Presidential address delivered before the Jewish Historical Society of England on 4th November, 1958. 2 In this article, the traditional spellings used by the Spanish and Portuguese Jews for certain are of more titles used, instead philologically accurate transliterations, e.g. Haham (for Hahham) Mahamad Saliah &c. 3 (forMa'amad) (forShaliahh) Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History, London, 1875. Second edition: Edited with notes by Israel Finestein: 1956 * (Soncino Press). El Libro de Los Acuerdos, O.U.P., 1931. 5 Bevis Marks Records, Part I, O.U.P., 1940. e Bevis Marks Records, Part II, O.U.P., 1945. 7 By A. G. Grimwade and others, ed. R. D. Barnett, London, 1951. 1 Jewish Historical Society of England is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve, and extend access to Transactions Jewish Historical Society of England ® www.jstor.org 2 THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE MAHAMAD studied,1 obviously because it could be said that domestic affairshave deserved priority. I shall hope in this paper to repair this omission of the past, treating firstof some internal matters, then of British matters overseas, then those of Europe and theHoly Land. The correspondence in question, with a few exceptions, consists of outgoing letters, in the form of several hundreds of copies, which from the year 5451 (1691) were written in at the end of theMinute Books of theMahamad, a custom continued until the end of the eighteenth century.2 Occasionally copies of letters inward are found incor? porated into the text of theMinutes of a meeting of Elders orMahamad, but these are usually about purely domestic matters such as legacies, divorces, marriages. The languages employed in the correspondence are various, ranging over the following in order of frequency: Portuguese, Spanish, English, Italian, French and Hebrew, of the last there being but one example. But fortunately it does not seem to have been necessary for the then Secretary of the Synagogue (or Chancellor as he was chiefly and rather grandly called) to be a master of all these tongues, as very often the copies of the letters at least at first appear to be in different hands. The commonest was, of course, Portuguese, the recognized vernacular of the Congregation for the firsthundred years of its existence, afterwhich English gradually took over. In 1803 Jacob Mocatta pointed out that Portuguese was unfamiliar to most members of the Congregation, but English was not established as the official language until 1819. Spanish was used for writing letters to certain Sephardic communities abroad, among whom it was more current than Portuguese. It may be asked why, if the Congregation was founded in 1656, there should be no copies of letters earlier than 1691. There were certainly foreign relations before that date, and it is certain that lettersmust have been exchanged. The paucity of records in fact from the seventeenth century in general is peculiar. In his introduction to the Libro de los Acuerdos, in effect the Synagogue's firstMinute Book which begins in 1663, my father suggested that it had a predecessor, now lost. So, too, with marriage records of theKahal, none of which survive before 1687. The absence of a marriage register prior to 1687 is explained by the assumption that it was retained by Haham Jacob Abendana who died in 1686, since itwas originally the practice that they were written by theHaham himself and that they should be under theHaham's charge; and we know the present series of Registers was begun with a set of threeRegisters presented or rather, returned, to theKahal in 1744 by Haham Isaac Nieto, which he had either written himself or received from his father,Haham David Nieto.3 It is similarly then possible that copies of synagogal correspondence earlier than 1691 were kept by an individual and lost; but it is also most probable that theywere destroyed, as part of a general policy which seems to have been decided on at an early date, to draw a veil over the awkward truth that the origins of the Synagogue lay under the Commonwealth (whose official acts the Stuart Government at the Restoration declared null and void 1 Mention, however, might be made of a pamphlet of 20 pages by the late Paul Goodman entitled Bevis Marks in History, a Survey of the External Influences of the Congregation Sahar Asamaim, Bevis Marks, London. (1934) This brochure, however, is an essay in publicity, rather than a contribution to historical studies. See also A. Hyamson, The Sephardim of England (London 1951) ch. ix. 2 The volumes which I have used in the preparation of this paper are MSS. 103 (5438-5484), 104 105 106 and 107 (5484-5511),3 (5511-5536), (5537-5548) (5548-5554). They must have been those of Hahamim Ailyon, David and Isaac Nieto. An inventory of books and papers recorded under the Minutes of the Mahamad for 7th Iyar, 5523 (1763), showed that a fourth book ofMarriage Registers had then been received through Is. Lumbrozo de Mattos. This must have been that of Haham Gomes de Mesquita. THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE MAHAMAD 3 and overturned) and to suggest instead that the Synagogue was founded in the days of the Merry Monarch,1 a belief only finally and completely dispelled by the work of Lucien Wolf and Wilfred Samuel.2 Of this policy of mystification we have clear evidence in a letter addressed to Ishac Abraham Cohen de Lara of Amsterdam, written on 20th Tisry, 5466 (1705). This gentleman, a bookseller and publisher,3 had written on 29th September to theMahamad, stating that he proposed to republish some works of Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel concerning the resettlement of the Jews in England, and, as such a publication would be of advantage to the Synagogue, he wished to dedicate it to the gentlemen of theMahamad. The Mahamad replied that, as "absent matters are very differentfrom those which one sees before one's eyes, they are positive that itwould be more damaging than beneficial, and therefore beg him to refrain from his intentions of publishing thiswork until circumstances improve." It is quite clear from this letter that they felt that the less said about their connection with the still hated Common? wealth, the better. Internal Affairs We turn first to the internal affairs touched on in the correspondence. Here the recurrent theme, rather surprisingly, is that of poverty. By this is meant not that of theKahal as a whole but of its less fortunate members, who have to be supported. This appears repeatedly as grounds for refusing appeals for help from congregations abroad, but it seems at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth to be substantiated.4 In 1689 the Government ofWilliam III found it necessary in its struggle against the Stuart cause to impose a system of passes at the English ports on all foreigners coming into the country. A list of Jews among them compiled from the state records covering the years 1689 to 1696 was published by Israel Abrahams.5 From 1692 numerous persons entering are marked in the lists as "poor Jews"; others not so marked may have been; almost all are Sephardim, and in a letter addressed to Senor Joseph de la Penha,6 apparently in Holland, 1692, theMahamad warn him to discontinue forwarding poor people to London as "His Majesty's Council have just passed a new Order forbidding entry at the ports without a passport which costs 1 The facts are admitted grudgingly by the authors of the Petition of 1689 "The Case of the Jews Stated" (Henriques, "Proposals for Special Taxation of the Jews after the Revolution," Trans.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • History of the Jews Vol. V
    History of the Jews Vol. V By Heinrich Graetz HISTORY OF THE JEWS CHAPTER I CHMIELNICKI AND THE PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS OF POLAND BY THE COSSACKS Condition of the Jews in Poland before the Outbreak of Persecution— Influence of the Jesuits—Characteristics of Poles and Jews—The Home of the Cossacks—Repression of the Cossacks by the Government—Jews appointed as Tax Farmers—Jurisdiction of the Synods—The Study of the Talmud in Poland—Hebrew Literature in that Country becomes entirely Rabbinical—Character of Polish Judaism—Jews and Cossacks— Chmielnicki—Sufferings of the Jews in consequence of his Successes—The Tartar Haidamaks—Fearful Massacres in Nemirov, Tulczyn, and Homel— Prince Vishnioviecki—Massacres at Polonnoie, Lemberg, Narol, and in other Towns—John Casimir—Lipmann Heller and Sabbataï Cohen—Renewal of the War between Cossacks and Poles—Russians join Cossacks in attacking the Jews—Charles X of Sweden—The Polish Fugitives—"Polonization" of Judaism. 1648–1656 C. E. Poland ceased to be a haven for the sons of Judah, when its short-sighted kings summoned the Jesuits to supervise the training of the young nobles and the clergy and crush the spirit of the Polish dissidents. These originators of disunion, to whom the frequent partition of Poland must be attributed, sought to undermine the unobtrusive power which the Jews, through their money and prudence, exercised over the nobles, and they combined with their other foes, German workmen and trades-people, members of the guilds, to restrict and oppress them. After that time there were repeated persecutions of Jews in Poland; sometimes the German guild members, sometimes the disciples of the Jesuits, raised a hue and cry against them.
    [Show full text]
  • Milestones in Publishing the Spanish and Portuguese Prayer Book in London
    MILESTONES IN PUBLISHING THE SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE PRAYER BOOK IN LONDON By Dr Roy Shasha, Jerusalem – August 2020 Introduction The year 2020 marks the publication of the first new British edition of the Spanish and Portuguese prayer book in over 100 years. This achievement represents the culmination of many years of planning, a major re-editing of the text and the preparation of a new translation by a small body of dedicated professional staff and a larger number of equally dedicated volunteers. Therefore, this is perhaps an appropriate moment for us to stand back and view this achievement within its historical context. An excellent brief history of the printing of the Spanish and Portuguese prayer book was written by Hakham Gaster in the introduction to his edition of the prayer book, and the writer wishes to acknowledge his debt to this important piece of work. However, the intention and scope of this work is quite different to that of Dr Gaster in a number of respects. 1. We have attempted to list all Spanish and Portuguese prayer books planned, printed, or edited in London, including a number that were not authorised by the Mahamad and one that was written but not published. Also included are all the known Spanish translations of the text prepared in London. 2. Each volume seen has been described in a precise bibliographical fashion, and as far as possible not only reprints, but also bibliographical variants have been noted. 3. Each edition has been placed wherever possible in a historical context. A brief biography of each editor or translator has been included, together with information as to how the books were distributed.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Introduction In the preceding sections we have looked into the general strategies of London’s Sephardi congregation with regard to oversight of printed materials as they transpired from the Mahamad’s decisions, and offered an analysis of the logics behind these strategies, as they translated into a defined language policy. In brief, the congregation consciously sought to have full control over printed materials, while at the same time, and not following any specific deci- sion, it created four realms of activity, with each allotted a specific language. This analysis will not be complete without an address of the practices of implementation over the years. Part 3 explores the extent to which the print regulations were applied and the degree to which community members inter- ested in publishing sought out the Mahamad’s permission. Did the Mahamad actually strive to implement its censorial policies? Was it able to effectively apply them? It will be safe to assume that changes made to the censorship by- law over the course of time were not devoid of context and reflected the shifting challenges with which the Mahamad had to cope (some of those chal- lenges were hinted at above). Perhaps then, the best way to analyze the pat- terns of censorship and their amendment over time will be to look into the publications on the one hand, and the censorial trends on the other, that char- acterized the periods between the various versions of the Ascamot, from 1664 and up to the beginning of the nineteenth century. This analysis will also give us a new perspective through which we can understand the metamorphosis of the congregation with the passing of time.
    [Show full text]
  • RAMBLER EDITOR Deborah R
    THE NEWSLETTER OF THE SOUTHERN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY SPRING 2015 VOLUME 19, NUMBER 2 Nashville to Host SJHS Fortieth Annual Conference “Jews in the Urban South” will be the theme when Chassidic, Israeli, folk, jazz, and klezmer music the Southern Jewish Historical Society gathers in performed by a five-piece band featuring the Nashville, Tennessee, for its 40th annual conference synagogue’s Rabbi Saul Strosberg on keyboard. The from October 30 to November 1, 2015. Conference rabbi will begin festivities with havdallah, and a venues will include the Gordon Jewish Community dessert reception will follow. Center, Vanderbilt University, and the conference Program committee members Adam Meyer, Patricia hotel, Homewood Suites, located next to the Behre, Heather Hammond, Josh Parshall, and Lee Vanderbilt University campus. Shai Weissbach are designing a fascinating, diverse, Our traditional Friday morning narrated tour will and thought-provoking program based on proposals highlight Nashville Jewish history and culminate at from scholars in a variety of disciplines from across the Gordon Jewish Community Center for lunch and the country. Several proposals break new ground in presentations. Friday evening dinner and services will the history of southern Jewish women and deal with take place at the historic Temple (Congregation the issue of identity in new ways. We will travel in Ohabai Sholom), hosted by Rabbi Mark Schiftan. time throughout the South, stopping in Alabama, During services, Rabbi Dr. Gary P. Zola will speak on Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Abraham Lincoln and the Jews of the South, based Dr. Ira Sheskin will give the keynote speech on on his awarding winning book.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Copy 2019 11 28 Curtis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Curtis, Rodney Title: Christian Philosemitism in England from Cromwell to the Jew Bill, 1656-1753. A Study in Jewish and Christian Identity. General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Christian Philosemitism in England from Cromwell to the Jew Bill, 1656-1753. A Study in Jewish and Christian Identity. Rodney Malcolm Curtis University of Bristol November 2018 Christian Philosemitism in England from Cromwell to the Jew Bill, 1656-1753.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship 2011 The Jewish impact on the social and economic manifestation of the Gibraltarian identity Andrea Hernandez Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the Archival Science Commons Recommended Citation Hernandez, Andrea, "The Jewish impact on the social and economic manifestation of the Gibraltarian identity" (2011). WWU Graduate School Collection. 200. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/200 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity. By Andrea Hernandez Accepted in Partial Completion Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Moheb A. Ghali, Dean of the Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Helfgott Dr. Mariz Dr. Jimerson The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity. By Andrea Hernandez Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Moheb A. Ghali, Dean of the Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Helfgott Dr. Mariz Dr. Jimerson MASTER’S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non‐exclusive royalty‐free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU.
    [Show full text]
  • BEVIS MARKS Second Night of Pesah for Joint Event with Young World HISTORY BEHIND ‘THE Jewish Relief
    TU BISHVAT IN THE AUTHOR EVENT AND 2ND NIGHT SEDER CITY LITERARY TEA: THE Join Rabbi Morris on the BEVIS MARKS second night of Pesah for Joint event with Young World HISTORY BEHIND ‘THE Jewish Relief. Join us for a WEIGHT OF INK’ an insightful and engaging NEW MEMBERS RABBI MORRIS Tu Bishvat reception at the Community Seder. Open to KIDDUSH LECTURE SERIES: THE oldest and most beautiful Bevis Marks Synagogue will members only. synagogue in the UK. For YP, host an afternoon exploring Welcome 2018’s new HAHAMIM ages 20’s and 30’s. the truth behind the fiction. Saturday 20th April members and celebrate Over the centuries the S&P With Dr Aviva Dautch, Rabbi Monday 21st January the growth of Bevis Marks Sephardi community has Morris and the author Rachel 7:30pm to 9:30pm SPEND SHABBAT AT Synagogue’s community. benefited from the leadership Kadish via video stream from of towering rabbinic figures. ULPAN IN THE CITY America. BEVIS MARKS Shabbat 5th January This series looks at these rd Spend Shabbat at Bevis erudite individuals, the Joint Ulpan with World Sunday 3 February 3:00pm to 5:30pm Marks. There are many hotels challenges they faced, and Zionist Organisation. Learn within walking distance of MITSVAH TRAINING the impact they left on Hebrew and find out more JSOC SHABBATON the synagogue. To book SHABBAT Anglo-Jewry’s Sephardim. about Israel. London’s University Jewish Shabbat meal please visit our Learn how to perform the S&P Monday 14th January: 30 sessions, every Societies will spend Shabbat website.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts of Papers / Résumés Des Communications S – Z
    Abstracts of Papers / Résumés des communications S – Z Abstracts are listed in alphabetical order of Les résumés sont classés par ordre presenter. Names, paper titles, and alphabétique selon le nom du conférencier. institutional information have been checked Les noms, titres et institutions de and, where necessary, corrected. The main rattachement ont été vérifiés et, le cas text, however, is in the form in which it was échéant, corrigés. Le corps du texte reste originally submitted to us by the presenter dans la forme soumise par le/la participant.e and has not been corrected or formatted. et n'a pas été corrigé ou formaté. Les Abstracts are provided as a guide to the résumés sont fournis pour donner une content of papers only. The organisers of the indication du contenu. Les organisateurs du congress are not responsible for any errors or Congrès ne sont pas responsables des erreurs omissions, nor for any changes which ou omissions, ni des changements que les presenters make to their papers. présentateurs pourraient avoir opéré. Wout Saelens (University of Antwerp) Enlightened Comfort: The Material Culture of Heating and Lighting in Eighteenth-Century Ghent Panel / Session 454, ‘Enlightenment Spaces’. Friday /Vendredi 14.00 – 15.45. 2.07, Appleton Tower. Chair / Président.e : Elisabeth Fritz (Friedrich Schiller University, Jena) As enlightened inventors like Benjamin Franklin and Count Rumford were thinking about how to improve domestic comfort through more efficient stove and lamp types, the increasing importance of warmth and light in material culture is considered to have been one of the key features of the eighteenth-century ‘invention of comfort’.
    [Show full text]
  • Arriving and Belonging: Stories from the St Albans Jewish Community Helen Singer1
    Arriving and Belonging Helen Singer Arriving and Belonging: Stories from the St Albans Jewish Community Helen Singer1 Helen Singer talks about her parents’ refugee background and her involvement in the creation of the online exhibition: 'Arriving & Belonging: Stories from the St Albans Jewish Community'. Through testimonies, objects and family photographs, the exhibition reveals personal stories of migration and heritage, examining universal themes of sanctuary, courage, compassion and starting a new life in Britain. I have lived in St Albans since 1985 and worked at the University of Hertfordshire as a Librarian from 1996 until last year when I retired. Over the last few years, I was involved with two heritage projects at our synagogue, St Albans Masorti Synagogue (SAMS) which led to the development of the Arriving & Belonging exhibition. In SAMS Roots (www.e-sams.org/roots) (2015-2016) we received Heritage Lottery Funding for Caroline Pearce, a biographer and member of SAMS, to interview 12 members of the community about their family stories and what brought them to SAMS. The full transcripts and audio recordings are held in the University of Hertfordshire’s Heritage Hub (https://www.herts.ac.uk/heritage-hub/oralhistoryarchive/sams-roots). This was followed by Mapping SAMS Roots (2017 to date, www.e-sams.org/mapping-sams-roots) where we received over 100 stories from community members. These are plotted onto a virtual map using software called Historypin and the collection contains stories from around the world. With such rich material, we approached Sarah Keeling, Curator at the St Albans Museum + Gallery, and their Board agreed to an exhibition in the Museum scheduled for February – April 2021.
    [Show full text]
  • S&P Sephardi Community and Bevis Marks Synagogue Heritage
    S&P Sephardi Community and Bevis Marks Synagogue Heritage Foundation ‘Bevis Marks: Britain’s Most Significant Synagogue’ Project Information to Tender For Retail Consultant Return Date: 30th October 2019 Project Brief for the Retail Consultant Introduction and Context S&P Sephardi Community and Bevis Marks Synagogue Heritage Foundation has received a Round 2 Heritage Fund grant for the development of their ‘Bevis Marks: Britain’s Most Significant Synagogue project. The S&P Sephardi Community now needs to commission a Retail Consultant to work with them and the Design Team. Please contact Amanda Newman at [email protected] if you have any queries. Bevis Marks synagogue is a significant heritage asset – it’s Grade I listing; intact Wren-style furnishings; the oldest synagogue in use in the UK – but fundamental to all of these is its continued use since 1701. No other synagogue in Europe has this continuity of practice, of community, of building, of collections. As a result, Bevis Marks is the repository of a unique inheritance, both of physical collections such as ritual silver, textiles and furniture, and of intangible heritage – minhag – of melodies and customs handed down from generation to generation since the establishment of the first community post re-admission in 1656. The features of the building can be read as a social history resource: from the benches that the congregation brought with them from their first house of prayer in Creechurch Lane, to the extra small pews for the youngest children from the community orphanage, to the panes of glass carefully restored after being blown out when the IRA bombed the Baltic Exchange in 1992.
    [Show full text]
  • ESTMINSTER UARTERLY Volume IX No.3 July 2018
    ESTMINSTER Volume IX No.3 UARTERLY July 2018 The Ark of the Ashkenazi Synagogue of Istanbul The Ark Through The Ages Ten Good Men Poetry and Peter’s Prayer for Rain The Jews of Japan Lifecycle events Inside this issue Westminster Welcomes its New Members Mark & Masha Maislish Tessa Clarfelt-Gayner From the Rabbi 3 Emma Weleminsky Smith & Carter Speedy The Ark Through the Ages 4 Debbi Antebi & Orkun Sahmali David Barnett & Safa Chaoudhury Jewish Life in the Blitz 6 Charlotte Dent Katerina Pjaskovova Jewish Musicians 8 Yakov Arnopolin & Juliana Polastri Book Review 9 Malcolm & Jane Samuels Marion Pritchard Ten Good Men 10 Steven Mandel & Maria Goryaeva Book Review 11 Births Chiune Sugihara 12 Theodore Hugh Joseph Laurence - a son for Robert & Christiane on 18th January The Jews of Japan 13 Jacob Dylan Marcus - a son for Jason & Anjhe on 13th February Emilia Hammerson - a daughter for Katia & Julien on 21st February The Jews of Albania 14 Poetry Page 15 Infant Blessings Alexander Mackay on 2oth April Hertha Ayrton - Engineer 16 Zero Howie on 18th May Amusement Arcade 17 B’nei Mitzvah Amelie Linsey on 3rd March Peter’s Prayer for Rain 18 James Christie on 14th April Conscientious Objectors 20 Marco Rabin on 21st April Eve Datnow on 12th May Hebrew Corner 21 Joshua O’Donnell on 19th May Violet Tchenguiz on 9th June Editorial 22 Rachel Leon on 16th June Letters to the Editor 22 Zachary Wulfsohn on 23rd June Alexander Feldman on 30th June Education Report 23 Deaths Shirley Black on 7th March Condolences We offer sincere condolences to Don Black and family on the death of their wife, mother, grandmother, sister-in-law and aunt Bernard Stanbury on the death of his sister 2 From the Rabbi busy-ness, and to lose any real sense of building is home to the Czech Scrolls self or community.
    [Show full text]
  • The Italian Renaissance
    InternatIonal scholarshIp program ItInerary ALL a&s majors summer travel scholarshIp Italy: The Italian Renaissance The scholarship recipient is required to visit all of the following cities and sites: Rome/Vatican City: • Galleria Borghese • Musei Vaticani: o Stanze Raffaello o Sistine Chapel • Basilica di San Pietro Florence: • Accademia di Belle Arti • Galleria degli Uffizi • Cappelle Medicee Venice: • Accademia Delle Belle Arti • Scuola di San Rocco • Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari • Palazzo Ducale Urbino: • Palazzo Ducale: Galleria Nazionale delle Marche- o The “studiolo” o “The Flagellation” by Piero della Francesca o “La Juta” by Raffaello o “The Last Supper” and “The Resurrection of Christ” by Titian 1 InternatIonal scholarshIp program ItInerary ALL a&s majors summer travel scholarshIp Spain: The Islamic, Judaic, Christian Encounter The scholarship recipient is required to visit all of the following cities and sites: Madrid: • Museo del Prado • Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza • Centro de Arte Reina Sofia Toledo: • Cathedral • Sinagoga Santa Maria La Blanca • Sinagoga del Transito and the Jewish Quarter • Monasterio San Juan de los Reyes • Iglesia de Santo Tome—site of El Greco’s painting: Burial of Count Orgaz • Mezquita del Cristo de la Cruz (mosque) Cordoba: • Mezquita • Synagogue • Casa de Sepharad – Casa de la Memoria (across from synagogue) • Maimonides statue, in Plaza de Tiberiades Seville: • Cathedral/Mosque • Alcazar • Barrio de Santa Cruz (Old Jewish Quarter) • Museo de Bellas Artes Granada: • Alhambra • Royal Chapel Santiago
    [Show full text]