Winter 2017

NATIONAL FOCUS Timing right to drop in again The stage is set for the return of the Timeball tower and mechanism to Lyttelton’s skyline, with work at the Reserve Terrace site expected to begin in July.

THE TIMEBALL, housed in a neo-Gothic tower, operated daily from the 1870s until the devastating earthquake of June 2011 sent it tumbling to the ground. It provided accurate timekeeping to countless ships over the years, the navigators checking their chronometers using the drop of the Timeball before leaving port. Heritage put on-site work on hold last June so significant earthquake repair roadworks could be carried out by the Stronger Infrastructure Rebuild Team. Access to the site overlooking the port town and harbour means returning the tower and its distinctive, internationally rare, Timeball can finally get underway.

CONTINUED OVER > A sign of how deeply the locals felt about the loss of the Timeball. (CREDIT: SARAH LAMONT/HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND)

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“Heritage New Zealand has really Contents appreciated the community’s patience since we dismantled the Timeball Station following the June 2011 earthquake which effectively destroyed the property,” says Heritage Destinations General Manager Nick Chin. “We know, from earlier community 1 NATIONAL FOCUS 13 CENTRAL REGION consultation and regular feedback to staff Timing right to drop in again Test in faith fulfilled at St Mary of to this day, that interest is high in seeing the the Angels Timeball return. There is no question it is a 2 CONTENTS much loved part of not only Lyttelton, but 14/15 MAORI HERITAGE Christchurch and New Zealand. Some of the 3 EDITORIAL Cultural monitoring key role in comments from the community referred to Heritage New Zealand Chief understanding history the Timeball as ‘the heart of Lyttelton’ and Executive Andrew Coleman school children wrote and drew some very 16 MAORI HERITAGE powerful words and imagery. 4/5 FEATURE INTERVIEW Excavation reveals early “It is the first major rebuild project Heritage David Watt: Capital connection settlement site New Zealand has undertaken so we are well in place Significant pa mapped taking time to make sure we do it right. The logistics involved in using existing 6 NATIONAL FOCUS 17 CENTRAL REGION heritage fabric and combining it with Securing the future of iconic Big changes for historic Central what effectively is a new build have been heritage buildings Hawke’s Bay homesteads considerable.”

7 MAORI HERITAGE 18/19 SOUTHERN REGION The project’s budget remains within the approximately $3 million raised through Wahi tapu listing for prominent, Strong family connection to fundraising. The plan is to return the sacred rock St Barnabas Timeball tower, flagpole and landscaped 8/9 SOUTHERN REGION NATIONAL FOCUS grounds with interpretation to the site. Christchurch street art a valuable Battle of Messines remembered “The tower will be built first to historic resource accommodate the Timeball. The 20 SOUTHERN REGION stonemasonry work will take place in the 10/11 MAORI HERITAGE Instant success at spring and summer months when the St Faith’s listed as a wahi tupuna landmark weather is at its best to ensure proper curing,” says Nick. 12 CENTRAL REGION “It is an ambitious and unique project, and Exciting restoration work ahead very exciting.” at Bushy Park Sanctuary The Building Intelligence Group will project manage the rebuild. Following the June 2011 earthquake the CONTRIBUTORS: Timeball Station was dismantled and as Jamie Douglas, John O’Hare, David Watt and Melissa Reimer. much heritage material as possible was put into storage so it could be later returned to the site. “The stonemasonry component of the Members of Heritage rebuild will be exciting because we’re New Zealand can visit its properties for free, visit bringing back what was originally there to www.heritage.org.nz. keep the physical link to 1876, when the Timeball first dropped, alive.”n

2 heritage.org.nz EDITORIAL n Prioritising and celebrating the most where Maori heritage places are safeguarded. significant places Acknowledgement of traditional and customary associations of whanau, hapu and with their n Building support by working with iwi, local places of significance, and their kaitiakitanga of authorities, volunteers, owners, members these places, is at the heart of the Maori Heritage and communities Council’s vision of Tapuwae. Recognition of n Promoting the vision of Tapuwae to Maori heritage places by all New Zealanders is conserve Maori heritage intrinsic to this vision, increasing the value with which people regard this irreplaceable part of n Prioritising our advocacy with a focus our nation’s heritage. on educating, promoting, advising and regulating. Recognition of sites of significance to Maori on the New Zealand Heritage List/Rarangi Korero ANDREW COLEMAN Outcomes for New Zealand’s significant heritage is one means of increasing public awareness places are improved greatly where communities and we will continue our work with iwi, hapu of interest exist. This highlights the importance and whanau to progress these listings. Through of awareness and engagement, either directly or the work of our specialist staff, Heritage New by learning more about these places. It increases Zealand Pouhere seeks to ensure Strategy of key the likelihood of their continued recognition and accurate, respectful and appropriate information use, and the desire for the places to become so about these places is available, increasing importance intrinsic to our sense of national identity that we access to matauranga Maori. The organisation’s cannot imagine a future without them. ongoing advice and skills development work RECENTLY THE Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga places programmes will continue to support kaitiaki Taonga Board and Maori Heritage Council a high priority on fostering awareness and as they make conservation, preservation and endorsed a revised Strategy for the organisation. support in relation to our most significant management decisions about these places. heritage places. We work closely with those The Strategy emphasises the purpose of our Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga delivers directly responsible for historic heritage, whether effort as: across the spectrum of regulation. To achieve through ownership, as kaitiaki or influencers and the outcomes sought it is a key priority to focus Tairangahia a tua whakarere; Tatakihia nga decision-makers. on educating and promoting heritage. It is from reanga o amuri ake nei We will seek to achieve more by increasing a sound base of knowledge and experience Honouring the past; inspiring our future awareness, through information we provide and that the leading advisor aspirations will be met. opportunities to work directly with volunteers The past is important as from it we learn and Heritage conservation and protection can be and the wider community on events and there is much to acknowledge – this is why challenging and there are often competing activities to support heritage understanding our purpose highlights ‘honouring the past’. demands and requirements. Maintaining the and appreciation. The connection to the future needs to be real, competency to regulate and hold those who meaningful and forward focused – this is why Partnerships with iwi, local authorities and challenge the intent of conservation to task is our purpose highlights ‘inspiring the future’. regional heritage organisations to build their a core part of Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Tairangahia a tua whakarere; Tatakihia nga capacity, as well as our own, enables us all to Taonga’s regulatory framework. reanga o amuri ake nei. work with a broader range of communities. The Strategy contains key words that remind us This extends well beyond where Heritage New Heritage people and places, along with purpose, of the tasks we have – celebrating, significant, Zealand Pouhere Taonga staff are located, and form a critical strategy focus for us. It is pleasing prioritising, supporting, educating, promoting, enables a deeper level of heritage information, that in this edition they are all well represented. advising and regulating. Holding these words knowledge and understanding to be gathered. close provides a focus for the future. As an organisation our mandate is to ensure The New Zealand Heritage List/Rarangi Korero I encourage every person interested in the that ‘present and future generations of New continues to be vital in acknowledging the history and heritage of New Zealand to consider Zealanders appreciate their sense of place, importance of heritage. We will continue to the strategic intent outlined in the Strategy. No identity and nationhood’. One can see that add to the List, and review and upgrade the one person achieves a strategic intent; collective ‘people’ and ‘place’ continue to be important information it holds. to what we aspire to. wisdom and commitment goes some way. n A priority for Heritage New Zealand Pouhere The Strategy provides a focus for the work of Taonga is Maori heritage which, after all, is ANDREW COLEMAN Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga: New Zealand’s heritage. We seek a future CHIEF EXECUTIVE

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David Watt has been at Heritage New Zealand for almost 20 years. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND)

FEATURE INTERVIEW Tell me about your association with chemical company, in public relations Q: Heritage New Zealand and what management and industrial relations until you did before working here. 1989. While working with ICI I entered local I have been here almost 20 years and I have government and was a borough councillor in Capital enjoyed it. I have had an interesting work Tawa for six years, the last 2½ years as mayor, career. After completing an arts degree in before Tawa merged with City in connection political science and education at the end of 1989. I had two terms on the Wellington City the 1960s I joined the Tourist and Publicity Council as a councillor and deputy mayor well in place Department in Wellington as a press officer. until 1995. I was a councillor with Stephen I spent nine years in Parliament as a press Rainbow, who was at that time conservation Central Region Area Coordinator secretary to senior ministers in National and manager for the New Zealand Historic Places David Watt has led a varied, Labour Governments in the 1970s. Trust. It was two years of serving on the interesting and busy life. He talks I spent eight of my years as press secretary to District Plan heritage hearings committee Ministers of Labour and was a press secretary as a commissioner, and an approach from with Jamie Douglas. for a time to Sir Keith Holyoake, as Foreign Stephen, that encouraged me to apply for a Minister, and to Jim Bolger for two years when heritage officer position, which later became he was a Minister of Labour. I joined the the Central Region area coordinator, where I ICI National Office in 1980, the international am to this day.

4 heritage.org.nz Have you always been based in Q: Wellington? I grew up in Gisborne in the late 1940s and 1950s, attended Gisborne Boys' High and came to Wellington to Victoria University in the mid-1960s and have been here ever since. I finished my degree, started work in Parliament, married, had a family, and have stayed here. Our family is spread around, some in , Hawke’s Bay and Wellington, and we have six grandchildren. What do you enjoy most about Q: your role? An area coordinator role is very flexible, you get involved in so many things such as advice to property owners, to people buying heritage properties, speaking to councils at senior management and elected levels, especially with mayors. My local authority background has clearly been an advantage in this area, working with heritage organisations associated with Heritage New Zealand, setting up engagement events, and working with property owners. Seeing good outcomes from all these responsibilities, particularly our outreach programme, makes the job quite special. How important is it to engage the Engaging with the community is an important part of David’s job. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) Q: wider community in appreciating heritage? This is fundamental to the success of our work. We have a big task to advise and House over many years, through musical support has been given to conservation help people on the importance of heritage, theatre, on stage, working behind the scenes projects in our region. conservation, lobbying local authorities for and being a patron at many shows. This What do you enjoy doing outside the retention and preservation of our heritage, theatre has the deepest performing stage of of work? and celebrating our heritage. any theatre in Australasia. Q: I have always been active in community Have you noticed an increase in Are there any particular projects or service and leadership roles in the capital for Q: heritage appreciation? Q: achievements you are particularly more years than I can count. I was in Jaycees There has always been a great passion for proud of? for 11 years, I have been a Justice of the Peace heritage on the part of local committees Despite the changes to our organisation for 29, in local government politics for 12, and that I have worked with over the years and which included the disestablishment of our I have been a Rotarian for 30 years at club, through the new heritage organisations old branch committees, we had prepared district and international levels and serving as that have been formed. Sadly, many of the our committees well in our region and the a director on boards. heritage leaders in the community I have passage from old to new went relatively We love sport, especially cricket and rugby, been associated with over the years have smoothly. We have been supportive of our and enjoy the theatre and travelling. I had passed on. They have left behind a wonderful new heritage organisations. Our planning many years in the Wellington Operatic legacy of achievement for present and future for the new regime ensured our new groups Society, both performing and in executive generations to carry on. were up and running. roles. I have enjoyed singing. I once had Do you have a particular favourite I was particularly pleased with the introduction my own quartet of operatic singers, called Q: heritage building or place? of the incentive fund several years ago. I had the Redwood Larks, which did popular I have a great love for the Category 1 listed been personally pushing for this for many years. shows singing in and around the capital. Wellington Opera House, which opened in While the incentive fund is restricted to owners Getting together with family and friends also 1913. I have built up my interest in the Opera of Category 1 listed properties, significant occupies our leisure time. n

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The National Tobacco Company Building in Napier. (CREDIT: ANDREW WINTER)

Securing the future of iconic heritage buildings Two industrial buildings, one in Napier and the other in , are the first to be awarded funding from Heritage EQUIP. The new programme provides funding for earthquake strengthening privately-owned heritage buildings.

THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL applicant, the building will house apartments and offices “The first two funded projects are small National Tobacco Company Building in and comprise yet another success story in elements of wider development schemes. Napier, has been awarded funding towards the revitalisation of Dunedin’s warehouse We’re keen to see more like them, but there parapet strengthening. Originally used as precinct. The Union Steamship Company are also plenty of owners out there with a tobacco processing factory, the building Offices and Stores are currently being comprehensive upgrade projects that simply will soon be home to a craft brewery and considered for inclusion on the New Zealand can’t proceed without another funding push. urban winery. The art deco entrance Heritage List as a Category 1 historic place. Heritage EQUIP can help get those projects was designed and built after the original over the line.” Heritage EQUIP provides funds to strengthen structure was damaged in the 1931 privately-owned buildings that are Applications for funding are accepted Hawke’s Bay earthquake. The building is earthquake-prone and have heritage value. throughout the year, and will be assessed at a Category 1 historic place on the New Funding is available for up to 50 percent of set dates by an expert advisory panel. Full Zealand Heritage List and has become a earthquake strengthening costs. criteria and application forms are available on major tourist attraction. the Heritage EQUIP website: Fund Manager, Mike Frew, encourages The second successful applicant, the www.heritageequip.govt.nz. building owners considering a seismic former Union Steamship Company store strengthening project to get in touch. To discuss your project, contact the Heritage in Dunedin, has been awarded funding EQUIP team at the Ministry for Culture and towards strengthening one of its floors as “Seismic strengthening can be a complex Heritage, [email protected] or part of a major refit. Originally a warehouse process, so we’re here to help with advice 04 499 4229. n for the South Pacific shipping company, the and financial support,” says Mike.

6 heritage.org.nz MAORI HERITAGE

Wahi tapu listing for prominent, sacred rock Te Tino o Taiamai – a prominent rock sacred to the hapu of Taiamai of Ngapuhi in the Bay of Islands – has been added to the New Zealand Heritage List as a wahi tapu.

“TE TINO O TAIAMAI stands about 3m tall and is located south of the township of Ohaeawai,” says Heritage New Zealand’s Maori Heritage Adviser, Atareiria Heihei, who collated the research from written and oral sources for the listing. “The rock became associated with a mystical bird after the conquest of the Bella Tari with Te Tino o Taiamai. Bella originally proposed Te Tino o Taiamai for listing as a wahi tapu. Taiamai plains by an alliance of Ngapuhi (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) hapu around 1790. It was named because Kaitara – one of the chiefs of the conquering hapu – declared it to have come from 'beyond the sea' (tai a mai).” “Taiamai’s fame spread, and attracted the The Taiamai is said to possess its own mana jealousy of a neighbouring rangatira who tapu or sacred influence and over the years The inhabitants of the area are said to have set out to capture the bird,” says Atareiria. became an uruuru whenua where travellers seen a large, beautiful white bird – possibly deposited small offerings and recited One evening the rangatira came to capture a kukupa or kereru – circling in the sky karakia to clear their spiritual path through Taiamai, violating the edict that Kaitara had before settling on the rock. The bird then the area. sipped rainwater from small pools created put in place declaring the bird be left alone. by indentures on the rock. Its location on the north-south, west-east “Rather than be captured, however, the bird ‘crossroads’ between the Hokianga, Bay of vanished by melting into the rock and was Kaitara was amazed at what he saw, and in Islands, Aupouri Peninsula and Waiomio and never seen again. The rangatira fled, fearful one account said: Whangarei reinforced its importance as a that a maketu (curse) would be placed on “My people, this beautiful bird has come tapu stone with prodigious mana. him as a result of his actions,” says Atareiria. from Hawaiiki and is a welcome guest that “For many Maori, Te Tino o Taiamai is a “Kaitara named the stone Te Tino o Taiamai, has been wafted inland by the winds of sacred place. It also serves as a connection an abbreviation of the phrase ‘Ko te Tino o Tangaroa, the god of the sea. Therefore let with the land and our tupuna,” says Atareiria. us call him Taiamai. He will be our bird and Taiamai tenei kamaka’ – which means ‘this I declare him tapu, do not venture near, but is the precise spot/the essence of Taiamai’,” Te Tino o Taiamai is located on private view him from afar, he will bring us great she says. property on a working farm, and is not mana.” freely accessible to the public. n

heritage.org.nz 7 SOUTHERN REGION

PRE-QUAKE CHRISTCHURCH was Many works were commissioned for RISE – Christchurch considered by many to be too conservative the city’s inaugural street art festival held in and old school. The cityscape was dominated 2013/14 which included a major exhibition at street art a by a mixture of handsome Gothic buildings, the Canterbury Museum. large colonial weatherboard residences and RISE director George Shaw kick-started the a 1980s mishmash of commercial office valuable historic exhibition with his collection of Banksy's. It buildings. went on to become the most visited show in resource Demolition of an estimated 70 percent of the Canterbury Museum history. central city has opened up new vistas, and Lonely Planet has now ranked Christchurch Christchurch’s CBD has a walls, which have been concealed for years. alongside New York, Barcelona, Berlin and new attitude. The residents These walls are now canvases for street artists. London as one of the street art capitals of Fresh eyes and unrestrained paint palettes know it. Visitors sense it. And the world. Lonely Planet is talking about have transformed the broken landscape. Some of the best works are on heritage Street art has more traditionally been aligned it as Heritage New Zealand’s buildings and others on the side of newer with graffiti and anti-social behaviour, Southern Region Area buildings adjacent to empty sites where and potentially criminal damage. Now, it historic buildings stood, such as a red brick Co-ordinator and Christchurch represents a new layer of the building’s history woolstore built in 1888 for Christchurch resident, Melissa Reimer, writes. – part of the socio-historic record of the time. auctioneer Francis Tabart at 207-209 For how long depends on the building’s Manchester Street (then 8 Tramway Lane). future and/or what replaces it.

8 heritage.org.nz where it was attached to the State Insurance Building – also of historic architectural interest – some bricks remain and are highlighted in spray paint. Though the historic building is gone, the artwork, and others around the city, draws pedestrians into the space and provides an opportunity to reflect on what was there. Some of these gaps in the streetscape would lend themselves to interpretation panels about the street’s history. Tabart’s woolstore represented a burgeoning economy, as it provided storage for wool, grain, skins and station produce. The Trinity Congregational Church at 124 Worcester Street suffered major damage in the earthquakes but avoided demolition and will be restored. The Category 1 listed Gothic Revival building is significant as the first stone church design by to be built. A number of his previous designs did not progress as congregations lacked the funds to build in stone. The church is celebrated for its cruciform plan and double-barrel, timber-panelled vaulted ceiling. Its crumbling asymmetrical exterior now boasts the work of installation artist Mike Hewson who produces site-specific large- scale digital prints on adhesive vinyl that wrap the exterior of existing structures. Hewson’s imagery replicates the adjacent commercial building rendering the church’s extant framework invisible. It is, then, a rather subversive work which points to the impulsive and sometimes unnecessary demolition of heritage buildings. There are smaller eye-catching works, such as the public declaration of love and marriage and the signatures of all those who attended the wedding. (LEFT): Esther and Shaun’s marriage is The building was described in the Star And there are portraits too. Banks commemorated on the side of this old building. newspaper on 24 July 1888. The journalist noted Peninsula resident Hugh Wilson, a botanist, (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) the brick walls, gable ends, large single-span roof conservationist and cyclist, graces the back (TOP): A Mike Hewson digital print on Worcester and spacious archways and declared: “In these of 98 Cashel Street. This building retains its Street’s Trinity Congregational Church. depressed times it is gratifying to note anything original classical façade. However, the portrait (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) of a progressive nature .... Though boasting of will soon be concealed by surrounding no special architectural beauty, the building will development. (ABOVE LEFT): A massive portrait of Banks Peninsula have a substantial appearance, and it will answer resident Hugh Wilson. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) These public artworks contribute to a very the purpose for which it is constructed.” (ABOVE RIGHT): The brick remains of Tabart’s different streetscape. The street art is now part woolstore are highlighted with an interesting Tabart’s woolstore was demolished following of each building’s history – a marker in time, character sitting on top. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) the 22 February 2011 earthquake. However, of sorts. n

heritage.org.nz 9 MAORI HERITAGE

Ohinemutu was named by the ancestor and “Those who were spared eventually came into St Faith’s listed explorer Ihenga of Te Arawa waka around the contact with the missionaries there, and many 14th century, and commemorates the burial of eventually settled among Ngapuhi.” his beloved daughter Hinetekakara, who was as a wahi tupuna In 1831, Pango Ngawene – the great chief murdered close by. Heritage New Zealand Pouhere and tohunga of Ngati Whakaue – invited the “Heartbroken, Ihenga sang a lament at Muruika missionaries to come and live among the Taonga has listed Te Hahi o te with the words Ohinemutu – which means ‘the people at Ohinemutu. Archdeacon Henry Whakapono (St Faith’s Anglican ending of the girl’,” says Tamoe. Williams and Reverend Thomas Chapman visited later that year, and preached to the people. Church) in Ohinemutu as a wahi “Ihenga laid Hinetekakara’s remains at tupuna. Ohinemutu, and placed a boulder on the Reverend Chapman served as an itinerant peninsula north of where the church stands missionary around Lake Rotorua, assisted by today to mark the tapu area.” Ihaia Te Ahu. WAHI TUPUNA IDENTIFY places important Centuries later, two forces from the north were “Ohinemutu evolved into a European-style to Maori for their ancestral significance and to have a profound impact on the community. village with its new crops, church and cemetery,” associated cultural and traditional values. The first was the Ngapuhi invasion of 1823; the says Tamoe. second was the arrival of Christianity. “Built on Muruika – a strategic Te Arawa pa on “At much the same time, however, Ngati the shores of Lake Rotorua – the church and “The battles with Ngapuhi led to the Whakaue reasserted their traditional culture by wider Ohinemutu area encompass layers of introduction of Christianity among the Te Arawa building the wharenui Tama te Kapua.” history for Ngati Whakaue and wider Te Arawa,” people as many were taken north as captives,” In October 1880 principal chiefs gathered to says Heritage New Zealand’s Maori Heritage says Tamoe. Adviser Registration, Tamoe Ngata. discuss a proposal to set aside land for the first

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The view across Te Ruapeka Bay to Te Hahi o te Whakapono. (CREDIT: ANDREW WARNER)

permanent church. The gathering unanimously for the second St Faith’s we know today, which Reverend Manuhuia Bennett and included the decided that the church would be built in a was built in the same style as the Tudor-inspired addition of a choir room, sacristy and chapel, sacred part of Muruika where rangatira were Bath House in the Government Gardens. which provided a backdrop for the sand-blasted interred. window depicting Jesus adorned in a kiwi- The distinctive Maori decoration and layout of feathered cloak with taniko-woven borders. “Before building started, however, Te Arawa the interior of St Faith’s can be attributed to the tohunga, Tuhotu Ariki, removed the tapu from influence of Frederick Augustus Bennett – the Designed by Margaret Lesley Martin (nee the land through a series of chants, karakia and vicar at Ohinemutu. Sewell), the window is cleverly positioned so incantations,” says Tamoe. that the Christ figure appears to walk on the “St Faith’s makes a conscious effort to translate waters of Rotorua lake. “It is said that through his karakia Tuhotu drove Christianity into Maori terms. Like a Maori the intense tapu from the land and bound it meeting house, the interior is lined with panels “Te Hahi o te Whakapono has great ancestral all within a large flax bush which grew on the of fine tukutuku (lattice work), carved pillars, and significance to Maori, and the general public western side of the peninsula. Anyone who painted rafters,” says Tamoe. including the Anglican Diocese of Aotearoa. It knew of its significance knew not to approach it.” also has special significance for Ngati Whakaue “The carvings are particularly significant, and can and wider Te Arawa,” says Tamoe. Fundraising for the new church was led by be attributed to two master carvers of Te Arawa Reverend Ihaia Te Ahu who appealed to – Te Wheoro Poni and Kiwi Te Amohau.” “As well as its landmark value, the church European residents, tourists and visitors to symbolises a living link with the tupuna who Another striking feature of the church interior support the project. Soon after, the simple heart established, built and decorated this remarkable is the carved pulpit by a third master carver, kauri structure was completed. church – and the generations of people who Tene Waitere of Ngati Tarawhai and Tuhourangi have continued to add to the spiritual life of the By 1900 the church had become too small, descent. congregation and its expression in the various however, and in 1910 was moved to make way Expansion in the 1960s was overseen by taonga of the church grounds.” n

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(ABOVE LEFT) Bushy Park Homestead. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND)

Heritage Fund for a grant of over $300,000

Exciting for its stage one application to restore (ABOVE) Bushy Park Stables. the 112-year-old stables building. The (CREDIT: BUSHY PARK TRUST) restoration work internal spaces will include public toilets, an interpretation centre, classroom and a small ahead at Bushy museum of Bushy Park memorabilia. milestone without the help of the Rotary Chairperson of the Bushy Park Trust, and Club of Wanganui North. Park Sanctuary former Member of Parliament, Liz Tennet, says Bushy Park Sanctuary is a very special place. “The Trust is also very pleased to have advice The Bushy Park Trust is poised and support from Heritage New Zealand to embark on a conservation “It is an example in New Zealand of for our overall conservation project. We are community-led nature and heritage project to restore the historic following a conservation plan prepared in conservation,” says Liz. 2014 by Bruce Dickson and the late Wendy Category 2 listed stables “Volunteers are the key to the extensive Pettigrew, also funded by Lotteries,” says Liz. at Bushy Park Sanctuary, work undertaken in caring for, conserving, A small number of Wanganui North Rotary Kai Iwi, on the outskirts of and enabling others to better understand Club and Bushy Park personnel formed a . This is stage one of and value this special place. Our vision fundraising committee to raise $1.3 million a conservation project which is for Bushy Park Sanctuary to become a for the required conservation and restoration showpiece, serving as an inspiration to will also include work on the work. This effort has proven very successful New Zealanders, tourists, children and with local grants and support from Powerco, Category 1 historic homestead, future generations about the benefits of Whanganui Community Foundation, NZ Oil which will be stage two. effective and ecologically sound restoration and Gas, South Taranaki Community Panel and management of our natural and and other trusts and donors. Bushy Park has heritage resources. over 200 volunteers on its books. BUSHY PARK IS a 98 hectare, predator “I am delighted that we have already “The Bushy Park Trust runs a million dollar free, native bird and lowland temperate secured our one-third contribution of over business, all run by volunteers,” says Liz. rainforest sanctuary. It has been named by $150,000 towards the total stables project the Global Restoration Network as one of cost valued in excess of $450,000, with “Our goal is for Bushy Park Sanctuary to the top 25 Ecological Restoration projects tremendous community support especially become an education hub of environmental in Australasia. The Bushy Park Trust has from Rotary in Whanganui. The Bushy Park and heritage restoration and management applied to the Lottery Environment and Board could not have achieved our funding for the region.” n

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The magnificent refurbished interior of St Mary of the Angels. (CREDIT: MAARTEN HOLL/FAIRFAX NZ)

Category 1 listed church has been a great of the board of Heritage New Zealand. Father Test in faith effort by many people,” says Parish Priest, Scannell said there were many people to thank Father Barry Scannell. for their support, with over 800 individual donors in addition to Lotteries, the Wellington fulfilled at The present church, designed by Frederick City Council and various other funding de Jersey Clere, opened in 1922. St Mary of organisations giving support to bring the The re-opening and blessing of St Mary of church back to life. the Angels by Cardinal John Dew, Catholic the Angels Brian McGuinness similarly praised all those Archbishop of Wellington, took place on who had supported this project which had 12 April, two days ahead of Easter Friday. St Mary of the Angels, the parish huge risks attached to it because of the special Patrons of the strengthening project, city council church of Wellington Central features of the church. representatives, business and community which had been closed since the leaders, and parishioners of St Mary of the “This is a gem in Wellington. As a result of 6.5 magnitude earthquake near Angels filled the church for its re-opening. Father Scannell’s belief that this has been a ‘test in faith’ we can truly say faith has been Seddon in Marlborough in 2013, Replacing 10 columns, nine portals and the rewarded with the outcome of the re-opening re-opened after more than three roof of the church, with a 21m high ceiling and of the church,” said Brian. years to parishioners and visitors in stain glass windows at every turn, was a real time for Easter celebrations in April. challenge to the contractors, LT McGuinness Ltd. He said that Father Scannell has been the A massive steel scaffold was created and placed right person to drive this project, working with on rail tracks so it could move along the floor hundreds of people including the council, of the church, providing a safe environment for engineers and other contractors as well as WHILE THERE WAS no damage to the church workers while propping up the roof. managing the needs of parishioners and from the 2013 earthquake, or from the 7.8 events planning to meet the deadline of earthquake last November, plans for Father Scannell praised all those associated re-opening for Easter. strengthening work were brought forward by with the strengthening project, which he the church. referred to with its huge challenges as a “test Cardinal John Dew told the gathering that in faith”. He especially praised the project “a truly noble work has been carried out in “The fundraising target of $9.5 million to contractors, LT McGuinness Ltd, and managing the church, and through the efforts of Father strengthen this very significant, landmark, director, Brian McGuinness, who is a member Scannell he proved it could be done." n

heritage.org.nz 13 MAORI HERITAGE

Joseph Hullen at work at Pegasus. (CREDIT: WITTER ARCHAEOLOGY)

deposits, including previously unrecorded Cultural monitoring key role in moa bones. Joseph worked with Witter Archaeology and others during the bulk understanding history earthworks phase, recording stratigraphy (rock layers) and analysing finds. Joseph Hullen is a Whakapapa Researcher with Te Runanga o Ngai Tahu “We discovered a quantity and variety of and a Cultural Values Consultant to Te Ngai Tuahuriri Runanga. archaeological deposits,” says Joseph. To help interpret and better understand IN THIS ROLE he works as cultural monitor “Part of the cultural monitor’s work is to archaeological sites within Ngai Tuahuriri’s alongside archaeologists, Mahaanui Kurataiao bring cultural, emotional and spiritual takiwa (region), Joseph draws on his Limited (a resource and environmental awareness to a site,” says Joseph. This usually knowledge of Matauranga Maori and management advisory company established begins with a karakia (prayer) to bless the Tikanga Maori. in 2007 by the six local runanga) and Papatipu site before work begins. Matauranga (Maori wisdom) is about a Runanga (representatives of the 18 hapu At Pegasus Town – a residential Maori way of being and engaging. It uses within Te Runanga o Ngai Tahu) to protect and development north of Christchurch kawa (cultural practices) and tikanga (Maori uphold Ngai Tahu’s manawhenua rights and – initial groundwork revealed a high customs, traditions and cultural principles) interests. likelihood of significant archaeological to understand the world.

14 heritage.org.nz Finds included a pit of cockle shells in a For Joseph, the opportunity to be closely formation Joseph recognised. He proposed “PART OF THE involved in work that recognises and protects that the shells had been buried in a five- tangata whenua values in his runanga means corner basket. Modern Maori weavers CULTURAL MONITOR’S the weekend comes too soon. recreated a five-corner basket using WORK IS TO It is hoped that a small museum may be traditional methods. Because harakeke BRING CULTURAL, built at Pegasus to house some of the (flax) has maintained the same shape and EMOTIONAL AND artefacts revealed during development. proportions over hundreds of years they Moa bones were found in industrial could create an accurate reproduction. SPIRITUAL AWARENESS quantities as well as numerous types TO A SITE.” The results supported Joseph’s proposition. of stone tools in pounamu, argillite, This led to further investigations in specific greywacke, obsidian and flint. n areas and revealed greater evidence of

pre-European habitation.

Joseph’s knowledge of Maori customs A broad view of land development at Pegasus. (CREDIT: WITTER ARCHAEOLOGY) meant the archaeological team could focus on areas where various activities would have happened. For example, identifying where cooking and eating was done helped determine the likely position of sleeping and ablution sites. One excavation site revealed a stockpile of felled totara in a wetland area. Knowledge of Maori intentions and methods led to the hypothesis that the wood was submerged to make it softer and easier to carve. To acknowledge this aspect of the land’s history, master carvers Fayne Robinson, Riki Manuel and Caine Tauwhare were commissioned to create six pou at the entrance to Pegasus. “Investigative work on-site is not necessarily about looking for outstanding or weird signs of early occupation or activity but ordinary things that are out of place,” says Joseph. And it’s not always textbook learning that leads to answers. When an unusually high number of small oblong shaped stones were uncovered, something familiar about the pattern they lay in got archaeologist Alison Witter thinking. Her late father was a fisherman and she remembered his nets and how the weights determined the way they fell. The pattern corresponded with what they were seeing in the sandy soils at Pegasus. While the nets had rotted away, the stone weights remained. This find enabled the team to deduce what type of activity occurred in that area. Shell deposits. (CREDIT: WITTER ARCHAEOLOGY) A fishing sinker. (CREDIT: WITTER ARCHAEOLOGY)

heritage.org.nz 15

MAORI HERITAGE

Dr James Robinson (with folder on right) leads a group discussion on one of the excavated features at Mangahawea. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) Significant pa mapped Dr James Robinson, together with Heritage New Zealand colleagues says Heritage New Zealand’s Northland Eleanor Sturrock of and Excavation Archaeologist, Dr James Robinson. Senior Archaeologist Pam Bain, recently took part in a joint project reveals early A team comprising some of New Zealand’s to develop an archaeological map of most experienced archaeologists – including Hungahungatoroa Pa – a gunfighter pa three who were part of the 1981 excavation – on the East Coast. settlement site spent two weeks on-site. The three-day project was a A re-excavation of an The 2017 excavation found a stratified site with partnership between Te Runanganui archaeological site at Mangahawea the lower levels containing evidence of certain o Ngati Porou, DOC and Heritage New fauna that only occurred early in New Zealand’s Bay on Moturua Island has revealed Zealand, and also involved students pre-history – including Cellana denticulata from Te Waha o Rerekohu Area that it is likely to date back to the (limpet), moa and seal. Structural features School and Te Kura Kaupapa Maori o beginning of human settlement in identified included post holes, fire scoops Kawakawa mai Tawhiti. the Bay of Islands. and the remains of a large stone-lined hangi. Artefacts included worked bone thought to “The importance of this site is reflected be moa and seal, as well as worked shell such in its inclusion in the Ngati Porou Deed as paua. of Settlement,” says James. THIS SITE WAS investigated by archaeologists from Auckland in 1981. “The species and style of the artefacts place “Iwi have persevered for seven years to Although not formally written up at the them at about 1300 to 1400AD, in the early get the mapping work underway, and it time, excavated material and field notes had period of Polynesian settlement before a was a privilege for us to be involved in been deposited with the Department of distinctive Maori culture emerged,” says James. this important post-settlement project.” Conservation, the island’s managers. The upper level of the site contained some Hungahungatoroa Pa was established “Following discussion between DOC, Heritage 19th century historical artefacts. by followers of the Hauhau movement New Zealand, the University of Otago and in the 1860s who made their last stand Analysis of excavated material will be carried tangata whenua we developed a partnership there before being overrun by the out to obtain carbon dates which will help project to re-excavate and publish what superior numbers and firepower of substantiate and refine the site date. The appears to be an important early site,” Government forces. process will take up to two years. n

16 heritage.org.nz to place for conferences, weddings, other social CENTRAL REGION gatherings and large-scale community events such as Anzac Day services. Peter and Dianne moved and restored a church from Takapau which is now a chapel at Oruawharo. Mt Vernon Station homestead in Waipukurau has just recently sold and it will be the first time that the Category 1 listed property has not been in the Harding family since 1882. It will be exciting to see what future opportunities the new owners embrace for this property. Mt Vernon Station was established by John Harding in 1853 and the present homestead is the third on the site. “The design of the homestead shows the influence of American domestic architecture Oruawharo in Hawke’s Bay. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) in the arrangement of the verandah and use of classical motifs,” says Central Region area coordinator, David Watt.

Positioned in 4 hectares (10 acres) from an “John Harding was an admirer of George Big changes for original 8,090 hectare (20,000 acre) estate, Washington and it is reasonable to assume he the home and gardens retain their significant instructed the architect, Ben Smith, to design Central Hawke’s place in New Zealand history and invite something resembling Washington’s famous travellers to relax and take in the delights of residence. Harding was a self-made man, a Bay historic the surrounding countryside. staunch Methodist and temperance man, who with Sir founded the New Zealand Peter and Dianne Harris, who purchased Alliance in 1886.” homesteads Oruawharo in 2000 and took on a project of restoration as a “retirement folly”, have to be The homestead is superbly sited on a rise A number of historic homesteads admired for their wonderful work for well over and faces north across the Tuki Tuki river have changed hands in Central a decade. They have restored their Category 1 from Waipukurau. With over 278 square Hawke’s Bay in recent times. listed property to a special showpiece of Hawke’s metres on each floor, a grand foyer entrance, wonderful gardens and trees it presents unique Heritage New Zealand’s Central Bay heritage and as an enduring memory to those who helped define the economic, political opportunities for its new owners to maximise Region team has met several and social history of New Zealand. This is a go homestays and heritage tourism possibilities. n owners as part of its community outreach programme to work towards a greater appreciation of our heritage and to further encourage heritage tourism.

ONE SIGNIFICANT HERITAGE homestead which changed hands last year and is on the Central Hawke’s Bay heritage tourism trail is the Category 2 listed Ashcott Homestead on State Highway 50, near Ongaonga. David and Natalie Beamish, who moved to Hawke’s Bay from Auckland, have converted the homestead into a lovely bed and breakfast. Ashcott Homestead has stood for 160 years as a grand reminder Mt Vernon homestead. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND) of the prosperity of this fascinating region.

heritage.org.nz 17 SOUTHERN REGION

The restored St Barnabas in Fendalton, Christchurch. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND)

WAYNE MARRIOTT, Heritage New Zealand (Harry) Marriott, a fitter and turner, and his Strong family Board member, has many stories about wife Hannah. They had eight children. Their St Barnabas at Fendalton, Christchurch. The eldest two sons, William John ‘Willie’ Marriott connection to handsome stone church of architectural (born in 1891), and Wayne’s great grandfather, and historical significance reopened earlier Peter Stanley Marriott (born 1893), enlisted to St Barnabas this year following extensive restoration and serve in World War I. seismic upgrading. In February 1912 William Marriott was There are many strong and For Wayne the reopening celebrations appointed to the charge of No. 96 Co. Senior poignant connections of people brought memories flooding back, the earliest Cadets (Fendalton) and held this command as to places throughout New being the second marriage of his great, great lieutenant until he was posted to the Eighth Zealand that add a rich layer of uncle Horace Clark to Nell Gillespie. Reinforcements. history through the stories that “It was November 1971, Uncle Horrie’s A social farewell in his honour was held in can be told, as Melissa Reimer wedding. I was three years old. I can still recall the St Barnabas schoolroom on 27 April 1915. the cold church, the hot air outside, the stone, Reverend Canon TA Hamilton talked about discovers at St Barnabas in the rich wooden pews, and the brass plaque Marriott’s active role in the Boy Scout and Christchurch. with my family name shining in the church.” Junior Cadet movement with 300-400 boys drilled and trained as cadets. William was The extended Marriott family has been presented with a pair of field glasses, musical associated in one way or another with the items, a purse of sovereigns from the residents parish for over 100 years. The first Marriotts to of Fendalton, a fountain pen and illuminated attend services there in 1904 were John Henry

18 heritage.org.nz (LEFT): William John Marriott. (CREDIT: IMAGE COURTESY OF THE MARRIOTT FAMILY)

(RIGHT): The

memorial plaque at St Barnabas.

(CREDIT: WAYNE MARRIOTT)

Designed by architect Cecil Wood (1878- Chamberlain said it was like coming home. 1947), St Barnabas is the largest of his Arts and “There’s something special about familiar Craft-influenced churches. The stone came buildings. They represent a rich heritage from a local quarry, with facings of redstone and link us with the people from previous and stone. Its slate roof features a generations who not only constructed the striking diamond pattern. buildings … but who loved and used and At the reopening ceremony Reverend Mark developed them in succeeding generations.” n address from the Junior Cadets and a leather pocket book from the members of the Church NATIONAL FOCUS of England Men’s Society. Battle of Messines remembered

William was killed in action on 20 September NEW ZEALAND’S SENSE of nationhood arguably emerged after World War I, following a 1916 at the Battle of Flers Courcelette during lengthy campaign marked by battles that involved heavy casualties and defeat – think Gallipoli, the Somme campaign, leaving behind a the Somme and Passchendaele. grieving family and fiancée, Gladys Smith, But 100 years ago this month, on 7 June 1917, the Battle of Messines took place on the who was a member of the St Barnabas choir. Western Front in Belgium and was considered a military success. That was despite the New In March 1917 a special service was held at Zealand Division suffering 3,700 casualties within two days, with 700 of them fatal. Messines St Barnabas and the brass memorial plaque, was a prelude to Passchendaele, a disastrous campaign that began on 31 July and culminated that would later dazzle a young Wayne in defeat at Bellevue Spur on 12 August. When the troops were withdrawn from the Ypres Marriott 54 years later, was unveiled. frontline in February 1918, the New Zealand Division had suffered more than 18,000 casualties, Reverend Hamilton said William had been a including around 5,000 killed. valued member of the church and "Though To honour those who took part, a service will be held at the Pukeahu National War Memorial not a man who wore his religion upon his Park in Wellington on 7 June, as well as at the Messines Ridge British Cemetery in . sleeve, by his life and example (he) had been a power for good." Heritage New Zealand has a number of historic places commemorating World War I on its New Zealand Heritage List/Rarangi Korero. They range from standard monuments and memorials The Category 1 listed St Barnabas, set to a bridge commemorating a local Wairarapa community’s sacrifice to two world wars. amongst mature trees, is a notable feature of the streetscape. It was built to replace the The National Army Museum at Waiouru is an ideal place to learn all about New Zealand’s 1876 timber church. The foundation stone involvement in all theatres of war. As well as permanent exhibitions there have been a was laid in 1925 and over 800 attended the series of special exhibitions as part of the World War I Centennial Exhibition Programme. ceremony, including three generations of the Currently running is ‘Food Glorious Food: An Army Marches on its Stomach’ until Marriott family. The following year, the church November, and ‘Going Underground: Tunnellers of WWI’, a photographic exhibition by was consecrated as a memorial to the dead of Brett Killington, until September. n World War I.

heritage.org.nz 19 DAVID STRANG (1847-1916) “THE IMPORTANT immigrated to New Zealand POINT HERE IS from Scotland and settled in Invercargill in 1863. Before long THAT STRANG’S he established a coffee factory INSTANT COFFEE on Esk Street to grind and pack HAD BEEN ON THE coffee. Most significant of all MARKET SINCE Strang’s patents was applied for in 1890, clearly describing what we JULY 1889, A FULL 12 now know as instant coffee. YEARS BEFORE THE “The important point here is INTERNATIONALLY that Strang’s instant coffee had ACCEPTED BELIEF been on the market since July THAT INSTANT 1889, a full 12 years before the COFFEE WAS internationally accepted belief that instant coffee was invented,” INVENTED.” says Heritage New Zealand’s Otago/Southland heritage advisor, Susan Irvine, who first discovered the anomaly in history’s pages. ground floor housed offices, “Japanese American chemist packing, receiving and delivery Satori Kato of Chicago is credited rooms. The first floor included a with inventing instant coffee in labelling room and warehouse 1901, but it appears the ‘just add space, and a drying room. hot water’ approach had been The façade of the original 1885 consumed in Invercargill and coffee and spice building was beyond for at least a decade.” recently uncovered and is next to Susan’s research shows Strang’s the current building. patent application was for an “It’s the connection of people to invention called ‘Strang’s Patent SOUTHERN REGION the place that makes places such Soluble Dry Coffee-powder’, with as this building so special,” says the Otago Daily Times reporting in Susan. 1890 that “Strang’s soluble coffee powder requires no boiling, but is Strang’s operated at the Esk Street Instant success at made instantly with boiling water”. site until 1966 when the business closed. Since the late 1960s it Invercargill landmark Today the former David Strang Ltd has been home to the Workers’ Building on Esk Street, a Category Educational Association, who now While Wellington and Auckland tend to jostle for 2 listed place on the New Zealand trade as Southland Education. n the title of coffee aficionados and trend-setters Heritage List/Rarangi Korero, still cuts an impressive sight. It was for all the latest fancy bean mixes, you really need (TOP LEFT): The former built in 1912 to replace a smaller David Strang Ltd Building. look no further than Invercargill to discover where building on the site, its size and (CREDIT: IMAGE COURTESY OF coffee lovers got the original instant hit for the ornate detailing reflecting the WWW.FLICKR.COM. COPYRIGHT: popular taste. success of Strang’s business. The SHELLIE EVANS - FLYINGKIWIGIRL)

Published by Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga, Heritage Quarterly keeps you up-to-date with heritage work from around New Zealand.

For more information or to subscribe, write to PO Box 2629, Wellington 6011 or contact the editor, phone: 04 470 8066 or email: [email protected]. ISSN 2324-4267 (Print) ISSN 2324-4275 (Online).

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