User-Centered Design: Why and How to Put Users First in Software Development Dieter Wallach and Sebastian C. Scholz Abstract In this chapter we provide an overview of the activities and artefacts of the user- centered design (UCD) methodology – a successful and practical approach to the design of software user interfaces. After tracing its foundational principles (early focus on users, empirical measurement using prototypes and iterative design) back to 1985s seminal paper by Gould and Lewis, we will highlight each of five central categories of design activities (Scope, Analyse, Design, Validate and Deliver) performed in UCD. Potential integration of UCD into two popular categorizations of software development (User Interface First vs. User Interface Later) will be explored and then demonstrated in a real life case study from the field of electronic engineering along with a practical takeaway regarding the relationship of UCD and eLearning. 1 Introduction On January 9th, 2007 Apple announced three things: a widescreen iPod with touch control, a revolutionary mobile phone and a breakthrough internet communication device – all combined in a single device named iPhone. Six months, worldwide distributed photos showing long lines of staying the night customers willing to wait and buy, and massive international iPhone press coverage later, Apple’s stock value had already climbed by 60 % when the iPhone finally became available on the market (and ascended by more than 600 % since then). It was not for providing new D. Wallach University of Applied Sciences, Kaiserslautern, Germany e-mail:
[email protected] S.C. Scholz ERGOSIGN GmbH, Munich, Germany e-mail:
[email protected] A.