Bibliography of Traditional Board Games

Damian Walker

Introduction

The object of creating this document was to been very selective, and will include only those provide an easy source of reference for my fu- passing mentions of a game which give us use- ture projects, allowing me to find information ful information not available in the substan- about various traditional board games in the tial accounts (for example, if they are proof of books, papers and periodicals I have access an earlier or later existence of a game than is to. The project began once I had finished mentioned elsewhere). The Traditional Board Game Series of leaflets, The use of this document by myself and published on my web site. Therefore those others has been complicated by the facts that leaflets will not necessarily benefit from infor- a name may have attached itself to more than mation in many of the sources below. one game, and that a game might be known Given the amount of effort this document by more than one name. I have dealt with has taken me, and would take someone else to this by including every name known to my replicate, I have tidied up the presentation a sources, using one name as a “primary name” little, included this introduction and an expla- (for instance, nine mens morris), listing its nation of the “families” of board games I have other names there under the AKA heading, used for classification. and having entries for each synonym refer the My sources are all in English and include a reader to the main entry. Extra care must be number of basic types: books on board games, taken when cross-referencing: for instance, on other books, periodicals of papers, and indi- looking up the name akidada the reader is ex- vidual papers published by academic or com- pected to know what type of game he or she mercial institutions. I have avoided miscel- is researching, in order to look ahead to the laneous pages on the world wide web as the appropriate entry. easiest way to filter out those flights of fancy This is, and always will be, a work in which owe more to the imagination than to progress. It is likely to be expanded with actual research. In doing so I have unfortu- each new book that becomes available to me. nately excluded some good research published It is therefore possible that I will upload a on-line, and included some bad research pub- revised edition every now and then. If you lished on paper. But I think, on balance, that have suggestions, information or other com- I am probably pointing myself and others gen- ments, then please do not hesitate to send erally in the right direction. them to me by e-mail. Currently my address In one revision I decided to include “pass- is [email protected]. ing mentions” of the games in the references, where previously I included only works which Damian Walker have substantial information. In this I have Hull, November 2014

1 References

[1] Astrop, J. The Pocket Book of Board Games. [19] Culin, S. Games of the North American Indians. Viking Children’s Books, 1980. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1907. [2] Becker, A. “The Royal Game of Ur”. Ancient [20] Depaulis, T. “Inca Dice and Board Games”. Board Games in Perspective. London: British Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWS Publi- Museum Press, 2007. cations, 1998. [3] Bell, R. C. Discovering Old Board Games. Ayles- [21] Depaulis, T. “An Arab Game in the North Pole?”. bury: Shire Publications Ltd., 1973. Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publica- tions, 2001. [4] Bell, R. C. Board and Table Games from Many Civilizations. New York: Dover Publications, [22] Donkers, J., de Voogt, A., Uiterwijk, J. “Human Inc., 1979 (a). Also published in two volumes by versus Machine Problem-Solving: Winning Open- Oxford University Press, 1960 (Board and Table ings in Dakon ”. Board Games Studies 3. Leiden: Games) and 1969 (Board and Table Games II). CNWS Publications, 2000. [23] Dunn-Vaturi, A.-E. “The Monkey Race Remarks [5] Bell, R. C. The Boardgame Book. London: Mar- on Board Games Accessories ”. Board Games shall Cavendish Ltd, 1979 (b). Studies 3. Leiden: CNWS Publications, 2000. [6] Bell, R. C. Discovering Old Board Games (sec- [24] Eagle, V. “Pylogenetic Classification of Mancala ond edition). Aylesbury: Shire Publications Ltd., Games”. Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWS 1980. Publications, 1998. [7] Bell, R. C. Games to Play. London: Michael [25] Ernst, M. D. Playing Konane Mathematically: Joseph Limited, 1988. A Combinatorial Game-Theory Analysis. Red- [8] Bell, R. C. & Cornelius, M. Board Games Round mond: Microsoft Research, 1995. the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University [26] Falkener, E. Games Ancient and Oriental, and Press, 1988. How to Play Them. London: Longmans, Green [9] Borvo, A. “Sahkku, the ‘Devil’s game”’. Board & Co., 1892. Reprinted New York: Dover Publi- Games Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publications, cations, Inc., 1961. 2001. [27] Fairbairn, J. “Go in China”. Ancient Board [10] Botermans, J., Burrett, T., van Delft, P., & von Games in Perspective. London: British Museum Splunteren, C. The World of Games. New York: Press, 2007. Facts on File, Inc., 1989. [28] Finkel, I. L. “Pachisi in Arab Garb”. Board Games Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publications, [11] Botermans, J. The Book of Games. New York: 2002. Sterling Publishing, 2008. [29] Finkel, I. L. “On the Rules for the Royal Game of [12] Cassell & Company. Cassell’s Complete Book of Ur”. Ancient Board Games in Perspective. Lon- Sports and Pastimes. London: Cassell & Com- don: British Museum Press, 2007. pany, Limited, 1896. [30] Fiske, D. W. Chess in Iceland. Florence: The Flo- [13] Cribb, J. “Horse Coins: Pieces for Da Ma, the rentine Typographical Society, 1905. Chinese Game of ‘Driving the Horses”’. Ancient Board Games in Perspective. London: British [31] Forbes, D. The History of Chess. London: Wm. Museum Press, 2007. H. Allen & Co., 1860. [32] “Playing with filial piety some remarks on a [14] Culin, S. Chinese Games with Dice. Philadelphia: 19th-century variety of Japanese pictorial sug- The Oriental Club, 1889. oroku games”. Board Games Studies 5. Leiden: [15] Culin, S. “Mancala: the National Game of CNWS Publications, 2002. Africa”. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of [33] Gasser, R. “Solving Nine Men’s Morris”. Games the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Gov- of No Chance, vol. 29. Cambridge: Cambridge ernment Printing Office, 1894. University Press, 1996. [16] Culin, S. “Chinese Games with Dice and Domi- [34] Golladay, S. M. Los Libros de Acedrex Dados e noes”. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of Tablas: Historical, Artistic and Metaphysical Di- the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Gov- mensions of Alfonso X’s Book of Games. Tucson: ernment Printing Office, 1895 (a). University of Arizona, 2007. [17] Culin, S. Korean Games. Philadelphia: Univer- [35] Gomme, A. B. The Traditional Games of Eng- sity of Pennsylvania, 1895 (b). land, Scotland and Ireland, volume 1. London: [18] Culin, S. “Chess and Playing Cards”. Annual David Nutt, 1894. Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithso- [36] Gomme, A. B. The Traditional Games of Eng- nian Institution. Washington: Government Print- land, Scotland and Ireland, volume 2. London: ing Office, 1896. David Nutt, 1898.

2 [37] Guild Publishing. The Compendium of Games. [57] Pritchard, D. Brain Games: the World’s Best London: Guild Publishing, 1989. Games for Two. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books [38] Grunfeld F. (ed). Games of the World. New York: Ltd., 1982. Holst, Rinehart and Winston, 1975. [58] Pritchard, D. The Family Book of Games. New Lanark: Geddes & Grossett, 2007. [39] Hearn, R. A. “Amazons, Konane, and Cross Purposes are PSPACE-complete”. Games of No [59] Provenzo, A. B. & Provenzo, E. F. Jr. Favorite Chance, vol. 56. Cambridge: Cambridge Univer- Board Games You Can Make and Play. New sity Press, 2009. York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1990. [40] Hoerth, A. J. “The Game of Hounds and Jack- [60] Pusch, E. B. “The Egyptian ‘Game of Twenty als”. Ancient Board Games in Perspective. Lon- Squares’: is it related to ‘Marbles” and the Game don: British Museum Press, 2007. of the Snake?”. Ancient Board Games in Perspec- tive. London: British Museum Press, 2007. [41] Lane, E. W. An Account of the Manners and Cus- [61] Riddler, I. “The Pursuit of Hnefatafl”. Ancient toms of the Modern Egyptians, vol. 2. London: Board Games in Perspective. London: British Charles Knight and Co., 1836. Museum Press, 2007. [42] Linnaeus, C., Smith, J. E. (tr.). Lachesis Lap- [62] Roth¨ohler,B. “Mehen, God of the Boardgames ”. ponica, vol. 2. London: London: White and Board Games Studies 2. Leiden: CNWS Publica- Cochrane, 1811. tions, 1999. [43] Loader, J. & Loader, J. Making Board, Peg & [63] Schadd, M. P. D., Winands, M. H. M., Uiterwijk, Dice Games. Lewes: Guild of Master Craftsmen, J. W. H. M., van den Herik, H. J., Bergsma M. H. 1993. J. Best Play in Fanorona Leads to Draw. Maas- [44] Love, B. Play the Game. London: Book Club As- tricht: Universiteit Maastricht, 2008. sociates, 1978. [64] Sch¨adler,U. “Medieval Nine-Mens Morris with [45] Love, B. Great Board Games. New York: Macmil- Dice”, Board Games Studies 3. Leiden: CNWS lan Publishing Co., Inc., 1979. Publications, 2000. [46] Kendall, T. Passing Through the Netherworld. [65] Sch¨adler,U. “Pente grammai - the ancient Greek Belmont: Kirk Game Company, Inc., 1978. board game Five Lines ”. Proceedings of the Board Games Studies Colloquium XI. Lisboa: [47] Kendall, T. “Mehen: the Ancient Egyptian Game Associaa Ludus, 2009. of the Serpent”. Ancient Board Games in Per- [66] Seville, A. “The Sociable Game of the Goose ”. spective. London: British Museum Press, 2007. Proceedings of the Board Games Studies Collo- [48] Lim Y. J. & Nievergelt, J. “Computing Tigers quium XI. Lisboa: Associa¸ca˜oLudus, 2009. and Goats”. ICGA Journal, September 2004. In- [67] Sheppard, R & Wilkinson, J. Strategy Games. ternational Computer Games Association, 2004. Stadbroke: Tarquin Publications, 2000. [49] Michaelsen, P. “Daldøs, an almost forgotten dice [68] Shimizu, Y., Miyahara, S. “Game Boards in the board game”. Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: Longmen Caves and the Game of Fang ”. Board CNWS Publications, 2001. Games Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publications, [50] Murray, H. J. R. A History of Chess. Oxford: The 2002. Clarendon Press, 1913. [69] Shurreef, J., Herklots, G. A. (tr.). Customs of the [51] Murray, H. J. R. A History of Board-Games Moosulmans of India. London: Parbury, Allen & Other Than Chess. Oxford: Oxford University Co., 1832. Press, 1952. [70] Stigter, J. “Rithmomachia, the Philosophers’ Game: An Introduction to its History and Rules”. [52] Næsheim, A. “Daldøsa, an old dice game with an Ancient Board Games in Perspective. London: obscure origin”. Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: British Museum Press, 2007. CNWS Publications, 2001. [71] van der Stoep, A. “Early Spanish Board Games [53] Østergard, E & Gaston, A. “Daldøs the Rules”. ”. Board Game Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publi- Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publica- cations, 2002. tions, 2001. [72] Strutt, J. Sports and Pastimes of the People of [54] Parker, H. Ancient Ceylon. London: Luzac & England. London: Thomas Tegg, 1841. Co., 1909. [73] Thompson, D. Teaching a Neural Network to [55] Parlett, D. The Oxford History of Board Games. Play Konane. Bryn Mawr: Bryn Mawr College, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. 2005. [56] Piccione, P. A. “The Egyptian Game of Senet and [74] Vasantha, R. “Board games from the city of Vi- the Migration of the Soul”. Ancient Board Games jayanagara (Hampi), 1336-1565: a survey and a in Perspective. London: British Museum Press, study”. Board Games Studies 6. Leiden: CNWS 2007. Publications, 2003.

3 [75] Verbeeck, L. “Bul: a Patolli Game in Maya Low- [83] Walker, D. G. Reconstructing Hnefatafl. Hull: land”. Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWS Cyningstan, 2013. Publications, 1998. [84] Walker, D. G. A Book of Historic Board Games. [76] de Voogt, A. “Distribution of mancala board Hull: Cyningstan, 2014. games: a methodological inquiry ”. [85] Whitehill, B. “American Games: a Historical [77] . Leiden: CNWS Publications, 1999. Perspective”. Board Games Studies 2. Leiden: [78] de Voogt, A. “Mancala boards (Olinda Keliya) in CNWS Publications, 1999. the National Museums of Colombo ”. [86] Whitehill, B. “Halma & Chinese Checkers: [79] . Leiden: CNWS Publications, 2000. Origins and Variations.” Step by Step: Pro- [80] de Voogt, A. “Hawalis in Oman: a first account ceedings of the Colloquium, Board Games in of expertise and dispersal of four-row mancala in Academia IV. Fribourg: Fribourg University the Middle East”. Board Games Studies 6. Lei- Press, 2002. Web-formatted version retrieved den: CNWS Publications, 2003. from http://thebiggamehunter.com/games-one- [81] de Voogt, A. “At the crossroads of trade in the by-one/halma/. Indian Ocean - a Ludic Exploration”. Proceedings [87] Zaslavsky, C. More Math Games & Activities of the Board Games Studies Colloquium XI. Lis- from Around the World. Chicago: Chicago Re- boa: Associa¸ca˜oLudus, 2009. view Press, 2003. [82] W´agner,J. & Vir´ag,I. “Solving Renju”, ICGA Journal. Maastricht: International Computer Games Association, 2001.

4 The Game Families

In order to more easily identify the games, and space. Forming a row of three allows capture to help disentangle from one another different of an enemy piece, and the game is won by re- games which have the same name, they have ducing the enemy to two pieces. been categorised into families. Membership of draughts: war games played on a square a family does not necessarily imply any rela- grid. The forces start massed at each end of the tionship to the other games in the family, apart board, and pieces are initially restricted from from resemblance. The names are arbitrary moving backwards, in order to force the armies but, in all but a few cases, have been quite early into contact. Movement is to an adjacent widely used. square, with pieces reaching the opposite end of The categories are themselves loosely organ- the board being promoted and allowed to move ised into four groups: race games, where play- in all directions. A piece captures an enemy by ers attempt to be the first to move their pieces jumping over it onto the empty square beyond, to a certain point; war games, where players and the aim of the game is to capture all enemy of equal strength try to be the first to over- pieces. come their opponents or opponents pieces; hunt fox & geese: hunt games played on a cross games, where a player with a large force of weak shaped board formed by points with lines con- pieces attempts to corner a player with a small necting them. A small number of prey pieces force of strong pieces; and construction games, face a large number of hunters. All pieces move where players attempt to form a certain config- from one point to the next along a marked line, uration with their pieces before the opponent sometimes with movement restrictions for the does the same. hunters. The prey may capture a hunter by alquerque: war games played on a net- jumping over it onto the empty space beyond. worked grid, where pieces are placed on points The prey wins by capturing all the hunters, that are joined together by lines. The boards while the hunters win by hemming in the prey for these games come in a variety of shapes. so that it cannot move. Pieces generally move from one point to the go: games of placement, where the sur- next along a marked line, and a piece is cap- rounding enemy pieces and territory gains cap- tured by leaping over it to the empty point be- tures or scores points. yond. go moku: a construction game played on ashtapada: race games played on a square the points of a square grid. Players place their board, usually by four players. Pieces race pieces in turn, one at a time, onto an initially around the board on a spiral path, each players empty board. The first to form a row of five path being rotated so as to start at his own side pieces of his own colour wins the game. of the board. Because the paths are therefore halma: race games played without luck. different, they cannot be marked on the board Each player starts with his pieces at his own but must be remembered by the players. end of the board, and attempts to be the first to chess: war games in which each player has move them to the opposite side. Pieces usually an array of major pieces of different types. In move to an adjacent square, but a piece may front of these pieces is a row of foot soldiers move more quickly by instead jumping over a of limited power. The object for each player is piece of any colour to the adjacent space be- usually to trap a designated enemy piece (usu- yond, and jumping again and again if in a po- ally a king), rather than mere material capture. sition to do so. Thus success in these games re- dara: war games played on a square grid. lies on skill in arranging the pieces to aid each The game starts with the board empty. In an other, instead of on the luck of dice. initial phase, players place pieces from their hnefatafl: hybrid hunt/war games in which hand onto the board, and in a second phase a small number of forces attempts to aid a king pieces are moved from one space to an adjacent piece in his escape from a large force twice their

5 number. Pieces move orthogonally and an en- arrangements of the pieces which vary from one emy piece is captured by surrounding it on two mancala game to another. The game is usually opposite sides by friendly pieces. The small won by the player who has captured the most force wins by moving the king to the periph- pieces when no more moves can be made. ery of the board, while the larger force wins by mehen: race games played on a spiral- capturing the king. shaped board. horseshoe: war games on a grid of points merels: hybrid war/construction games joined by lines. Pieces move from one point played on a grid of points joined by lines. In to the next along a marked line, without pow- an initial phase, pieces are placed by the play- ers of capture. The winner is the player who ers alternately, onto empty points on the board. blocks his opponent so that he cannot move. When all are placed, pieces can move from one So named because some boards have a gap in point to another on a marked line. Forming a one side, thus being shaped like a horseshoe. row of three pieces allows the capture of an en- lasca: war games on chequered boards emy pieces, and the first player to reduce his much resembling the draughts family. Pieces enemy to two pieces wins the game. are all placed on squares of one colour, moving pachisi: race games played on a cross- diagonally. A piece is captured by leaping over shaped grid of squares. Four players take part, it onto the square beyond, but the captured often in partnerships where players sitting op- piece is dragged along with its conqueror and posite each other team up. Each arm of the placed underneath it at the end of the move. cross usually has a width of three squares. The game is won by the player who has cap- Pieces race around the outer rows of squares tured all the enemy pieces. around the periphery of the cross, proceeding latrunculi: war games played on a grid of up the inner rows of squares to the centre when squares. Pieces move orthogonally, and an en- they have made their circuit. The first player emy is captured by surrounding it on two op- or partnership to get his pieces to the central posite sides. The player who has captured all square wins the game. his opponents pieces wins the game. perugian game: hunt games played on a leopard game: hunt games played on a chess board. One or two powerful prey pieces triangular grid. Pieces are placed on points start at one end of the board, while a larger joined by lines, and move from one point to number of weak hunter pieces starts at the an adjacent point along a marked line. Gener- other. Pieces move diagonally to an adjacent ally the games start with the prey already on square, the hunters being restricted to forward the board, but the hunters are placed, one at movement. In some games, the prey may cap- a time, while the prey are making their first ture a hunter by leaping over it onto the empty moves around the board. Once the hunters are square beyond, in which the prey wins by cap- all placed, they may start to make their moves. turing all the hunters. In other games there is The prey are powerful pieces who may capture no capture, but the prey wins by reaching the a hunter by leaping over him onto the vacant opposite end of the board. The hunters win by square beyond. The prey wins by capturing all trapping the prey so that it cannot move. the hunters, while the hunters have to trap the promotion game: race games where the prey. The grid may have extensions to its basic object is the first to achieve a particular rank. triangular shape. The board is rectangular and arranged into a mancala: war games played on boards pattern of squares, which may not necessarily formed of two, three or four rows of large holes, be of the same size. Squares have different ef- each hole capable of holding a large number fects upon the pieces that land on them, includ- of pieces. Pieces are moved by lifting them ing promotion and demotion. from one hole and sowing them, dropping them senet: race games played on an elongated one each into subsequent holes along a prede- grid of squares, usually in three rows. The termined path. Captures are made by various pieces move along the squares in a predeter-

6 mined path, and a player wins by being the first cardinal points of the compass form the start to get all his pieces to the end of the course. and end points, and obstacles such as creeks. zohn ahl: race games played on a circle Performance in these games is generally based of playing spaces, usually 40 in number. The completely on luck, with no skill element.

7 The Games

(unnamed), family: tiger 217 [8.3.6]. Sources: Murray 1952, 116. game. Sources: Murray (unnamed), family: man- a.k.a. padagang. 1952, 111. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, adi, adji, family: mancala. (unnamed), family: circular 224 [8.5.5]. Sources: Murray 1952, 184. hunt. Sources: Murray 1952, (unnamed), family: man- a.k.a. aji. 112. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, adi, family: mancala. See (unnamed), family: (race). 224 [8.5.9]. obridjie. Sources: Murray 1952, 141. (unnamed), family: chess. adji, adji-pre, family: man- (unnamed), family: promo- Sources: Murray 1913, 347 cala. Sources: Murray 1952, tion game. Sources: Murray [III (14)] 203-204. a.k.a. lontu-holo 1952, 146 (6.6.7). (unnamed), family: chess. adjiboto, family: mancala. (unnamed), family: (race). Sources: Murray 1913, 347 Sources: Murray 1952, 203. Sources: Murray 1952, 148 [III (15)] adjito, family: mancala. (6.7.5). (unnamed), family: merels. Sources: Murray 1952, 181. (unnamed), family: zohn Sources: Culin 1907, 793, adzua, family: mancala. See ahl. Sources: Culin 1907, 794f. obridjie. 121-122. Murray 1952, 153 a k’aak’il, family: puluc. aghadaghada, family: man- (6.7.27). Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, (unnamed), family: zohn a-wi-thlak-na-kwe. See aw- 180. ahl. Sources: Murray 1952, ithlaknakwe. aghi, family: mancala. See 155 (6.7.32). abalala’e, family: mancala. wari. (unnamed), family: zohn Sources: Bell 1988, 59-60. agon. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], ahl. Sources: Murray 1952, abanga, family: mancala. 2:61-63. Bell 1979 [5], 40- 156. Sources: Culin 1894, 602. 41. Botermans 2008, 277- (unnamed), family: man- acedrex de las diez casas, 286. Cassell 1896, 382- cala. Sources: Murray 1952, family: chess. Sources: Mur- 383. Parlett 1999, 146-147. 174 [7.4.2]. ray 1913, 348. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, (unnamed), family: man- acey ducey, family: tables. 129-136. Walker 2014, 51-64. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Sources: Murray 1952, 129. a.k.a. queen’s guard [the], 184-185 [7.5.30]. Parlett 1999, 81-82. queen’s guards (unnamed), family: man- achchana gundlu, family: agsinnoninka, family: man- cala. Sources: Murray 1952, mancala. See chenne mane cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 190-191. ata. 176. a.k.a. chunkajon. (unnamed), family: man- achi, family: merels. Sources: ahl game [the], family: zohn cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Bell 1979 [4], 2:55-56. Bell ahl. See zohn ahl. 197. 1979 [5], 145. Bell 1980, aiyawatstani, family: al- (unnamed), family: man- 49. Bell 1988, 45. Bell & querque. Sources: Culin cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Cornelius 1988, 7. Loader 1907, 792. Murray 1952, 199 [7.6.18]. & Loader 1993, 31-33. 67. a.k.a. awithlaknanai, pon (unnamed), family: man- Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, chochotl cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 37-40. Sheppard & Wilkin- aj sakalil, family: puluc. 199-200, 7.6.19. son 2000, 7. Zaslavsky 2003, Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90. (unnamed), family: man- 14-15. a.k.a. luk tsut k’i, aj sayil, family: puluc. See cala. Sources: Murray 1952, tic-tac-toe. puluc. 206. achi, family: merels. See six aj sina’anil, family: puluc. (unnamed), family: man- men’s morris. Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, adangang, family: tables.

8 aj t’iwil, family: puluc. 247. Pritchard 2007, 10. Provenzo 1990, 174-178. Sources: Verbeeck 1998 90. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, Walker 2014, 189-206. a.k.a. aji, family: mancala. See adi. 61-66. Sch¨adler2000, 112. assaut, belagerungs-spiel, akidada, family: merels. Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000, bel¨agringsspel, beleiringsspil, Sources: Murray 1952, 48. 35. van der Stoep 2002, belejringspel, dogs & bears, akidada, family: merels. See 111-113. a.k.a. bara-guti, f¨astningsspel, festungsspiel, nine holes. damma, marella, marelle, officers & men, officers & akidada, family: merels. See marelli, marro, mereles [jeu sepoys, Transvaal. nine men’s morris. de], riga, zamma ashta-kashte, family: ash- akidada, family: merels. See alquerque de nueve, family: tapada. Sources: Falkener six men’s morris. merels. See nine men’s mor- 1892, 265-266. Murray 1913, akileyisit, family: mancala. ris. 33-37. Murray 1952, 131. See mweso. alquerque de tres, family: Parlett 1999, 56. ako okwe, akwa nsa, family: merels. See three men’s mor- ashtapada, family: ashta- mancala. Sources: Murray ris. pada. Sources: Botermans et 1952, 192. a.k.a. ezu ahia ane-nayi ata, family: leop- al 1989, 33. Murray 1952, 35, ako okwa, okwe ard game. Sources: Vasan- 129-130. al-falakiya. See kawakib. tha 2003, 28. asi keliya, family: pachisi. al-mamduda, family: chess. Anglo-American draughts, Sources: Botermans et al See oblong chess. family: draughts. See 1989, 172-173. Murray 1952, al-mustatila, family: chess. draughts. 137-138. Parker 1909, 614- See oblong chess. Annamese chess, family: 617. a.k.a. sonaru Al-Masudi’s game (un- chess. See Cambodian chess. assaut, family: fox & geese. named), family: chess. ansah pyit-thi, family: See asalto. Sources: Parlett 1999, 313. pachisi. See pasit. at-tamma, family: chess. See alea, family: tables. See tab- apit-sodok, family: latrun- decimal chess. ula. culi. See mak-yek. at-tawila, family: chess. See alea, family: tables. Sources: Arabian bao, family: man- oblong chess. Parlett 1999, 72. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, ath-thalatha, family: merels. alea evangelii, family: hne- 207-208. a.k.a. bao kiarabu, See three men’s morris. fatafl. See Saxon Hnefatafl. kiarabu athara guti, athara gutiala Alfonso’s game (un- arb‘ata ‘ashara, family: teoria, family: alquerque. named), family: chess. mancala. Sources: Murray See mogol putt’han. Sources: Parlett 1999, 313. 1952, 206. ati, family: merels. See six alkarhat, family: dara. aringari, family: mancala. men’s morris. Sources: Murray 1952, 49. Sources: Murray 1952, 180- atlanbaj, family: draughts. Parlett 1999, 124. 181. See Turkish draughts. alquerque, alquerque de arneb [el], family: mancala. atranj, family: chess. doze, family: alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 180. Sources: Murray 1913, 347. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:47- a.k.a. hare [the] a.k.a. qatranj. 48. Bell 1979 [5], 146- asalto, family: fox & geese. aucai, aukay. Sources: De- 147. Bell 1980, 33-34. Bell Sources: Bell 1979 [4], paulis 1998, 29-31. a.k.a. 1988, 35. Bell & Cor- 2:46-47. Bell 1979 [5], 52- awkai. nelius 1988, 41. Botermans 54. Bell 1988, 25, 92- aw-li on-nam ot-tjin, fam- et al 1989, 114. Boter- 93. Botermans 2008, 235- ily: mancala. Sources: Mur- mans 2008, 199-210. Fiske 250. Grunfeld 1975, 94-95. ray 1952, 175. a.k.a. ot-jin 1905, 98. Grunfeld 1975, Love 1979, 28-29. Murray awadu, family: tablan. See 38-40. Murray 1952, 65-67. 1952, 104-105. Parlett 1999, awangdu. Parlett 1999, 121-123, 243- 186, 190-192. Provenzo & awangdu, family: tablan.

9 Sources: Murray 1952, 97. að elta stelpur, family: ta- cala. See mweiso. a.k.a. awadu. bles. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], bajangkaq, family: mancala. aware, family: mancala. 1:37-38. Bell 1979 [5], 86-87. Sources: Murray 1952, 175. Sources: Murray 1952, 182. Bell 1980, 11-12. Bell & Cor- a.k.a. kaloleh. a.k.a. dagboprou, oura, wolo, nelius 1988, 57-58. Murray bakkis, family: pachisi. See wora. 1952, 121. Parlett 1999, 80- pachisi. awari, family: mancala. 81. a.k.a. ad elta stelpur, Baltic four-hand chess, Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:121- chasing the girls, chase the family: chess. Sources: Par- 123. Murray 1952, 202-203. girls. lett 1999, 328. aw`el´e, family: mancala. See ba-awa, family: mancala. bangale, family: alquerque. wari. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:72- See mogol putt’han. awithlaknakwe. Sources: 73. banya, family: mancala. Culin 1896, 877-879. Culin Babylonian draughts, fam- Sources: Murray 1952, 224. 1907, 799-800. Murray 1952, ily: draughts. Sources: Mur- bao, family: mancala. 64. Parlett 1999, 239-240. ray 1952, 81. Sources: Culin 1894, 603. awithlaknan mosona, aw- backgammon, family: ta- Murray 1952, 201. ithlaknannai, family: al- bles. Sources: Anon 1989, bao, family: mancala. See bao querque. Sources: Bell 1979 202-216. Bell 1979 [4], 1:42- kiswahili. [4], 1:49-50. Bell 1979 [5], 38- 46. Bell 1979 [5], 88-91. Bell bao kiarabu, family: man- 39. Botermans et al 1989, 1980, 10-11. Bell 1988, 18- cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 116-117. Culin 1907, 801. 19. Botermans et al 1989, 208. Bell & Cornelius 1988, Grunfeld 1975, 41. Mur- 166-171. Botermans 2008, 31-32. a.k.a. kiarabu. ray 1952, 71. Parlett 1999, 7-18. Cassell 1896, 383- bao kiarabu, family: man- 245, 247. Pritchard 2007, 11. 386. Falkener 1892, 252-253. cala. See Arabian bao. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, Fiske 1905, 175. Grunfeld bao kiswahili, family: man- 74-79. a.k.a. fighting ser- 1975, 150-155. Murray 1952, cala. Sources: Murray 1952, pents, kolowis awithlaknan- 122. Parlett 1999, 59-60, 83, 220-223. de Voogt 1999, 114. nai. 84-86. Pritchard 1982, 15- a.k.a. bao, bau, katra be. awithlaknanai, family: al- 25. Pritchard 2007, 22-27. baqura, family: mancala. querque. See aiyawatstani. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, Sources: Murray 1952, 166. awithlaknannai, family: 219-231. Strutt 1903, 248. bara-guti pait pait, family: merels. See nine men’s mor- a.k.a. gammon, tablas reales, merels. See nine men’s mor- ris. tavole reale. ris. awkai. See aukay. bagh bandi, family: tiger baraguti, family: alquerque. ayo, family: mancala. game. Sources: Murray See alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 182. 1952, 110. barail, family: tables. ayo, family: mancala. bagh chal, family: tiger Sources: Murray 1952, 122. Sources: Murray 1952, 185. game. Sources: Lim & Niev- Parlett 1999, 79. a.k.a. des- ayo, ayoayo, family: man- ergelt 2004, 131-133. Murray baraill, sbaraglio. cala. See wari. 1952, 112. Parlett 1999, 194. barail, family: tables. ayoayo, family: mancala. a.k.a. bhagchakar, bhagchal, Sources: Murray 1952, 122. Sources: Murray 1952, 182- chahrachel. a.k.a. sharaione. 183. Parlett 1999, 212. a.k.a. bagh guti, family: tiger barail, family: tables. See shayo. game. Sources: Murray baralie. azigo, family: mancala. 1952, 110. Parlett 1999, 194. baralie, family: tables. Sources: Murray 1952, 188- bagh-bukri, family: tiger Sources: Murray 1952, 123. 189. game. Sources: Murray Parlett 1999, 79. Strutt azigo, family: mancala. 1952, 111. 1903, 249. a.k.a. barail, Sources: Murray 1952, 189. bahendagabo, family: man- sbaraglino

10 bar´e, family: mancala. blind chess, family: chess. cab e equinal, family: tables. Sources: Bell 1980, 67-68. See kriegspiel. Sources: Murray 1952, 123. Bell 1988, 60-61. bonzo, family: mancala. Parlett 1999, 79. bargese, family: pachisi. Sources: Murray 1952, 201. camarzo, family: tables. See Sources: Finkel 2002, 67. boolik, family: puluc. See pu- canis martius. barjis, family: pachisi. luc. Cambodian chess, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 136. bosh, family: mancala. chess. Sources: Murray a.k.a. parchis. Sources: Murray 1952, 196. 1913, 117-118. Parlett 1999, barjiss, family: pachisi. bottle game [the]. See coan 295. a.k.a. Annamese chess. Sources: Finkel 2002, 66-67. ki. Canadian draughts, family: bashne, bashnya, family: bottoms up!. See Connect 4. draughts. Sources: Murray lasca. Sources: Botermans boughe-shodra, family: 1952, 81. a.k.a. dames cana- 2008, 569-584. Parlett 1999, tiger game. Sources: Murray dien [le jeu de] 270. 1952, 111. cane arrows, family: zohn bathelas, family: tables. See bowl [game of the]. See han. ahl. See sho’liwe. bethelas. br¨adspel, family: tables. canis martius, family: ta- bau, family: mancala. See bao Sources: Parlett 1999, 78-79. bles. Sources: Murray 1952, kiswahili. brandub, brandubh, family: 129. a.k.a. camarzo. baz, family: alquerque. See hnefatafl. Sources: Murray captain’s mistress [the]. mogol putt’han. 1952, 35. Parlett 1999, 200. See Connect 4. bazi qamdish, family: Walker 2013, 35-45. carabawg, family: merels. tablan. See tˆab. b’rsis, family: pachisi. See See three men’s morris. beatta, family: mancala. pachisi. carr´echinois, family: merels. Sources: Murray 1952, 168. buanfach. Sources: Murray See three men’s morris. belagerungsspiel, family: 1952, 35. caseheapana, family: zohn fox & geese. See asalto. bub, family: latrunculi. See ahl. Sources: Culin 1907, bel¨agringsspel, family: fox seega. 195. Murray 1952, 153. & geese. See asalto. Buddhist promotion game, cashlan gherra, family: beleiringsspil, family: fox & family: promotion game. See merels. See three men’s mor- geese. See asalto. tjyong-kyeng-to. ris. belejringspel, family: fox & buf, family: tables. See puff. castro, family: merels. See geese. See asalto. buf regal, family: tables. nine men’s morris. Belgian checkers, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 129. castro, family: merels. See draughts. See losing game buff de baldriac, family: ta- three men’s morris. [the]. bles. Sources: Murray 1952, catch-dolt, family: tables. bethelas, family: tables. 128. Parlett 1999, 82. Sources: Murray 1952, 120- Sources: Murray 1952, 129. buffa, buffa cortese, family: 121. Parlett 1999, 76. Strutt a.k.a. bathelas. tables. See puff. 1903, 248. a.k.a. ketch-dolt. bhagchakar, family: tiger bul, family: puluc. See puluc. catch the hare, family: tiger game. See bagh chal. Burmese chess, family: game. See cercar la liebre. bhagchal, family: tiger game. chess. See sittuyin. ccullu chuncana. See chun- See bagh chal. Byzantine chess, family: cani. bidaria, family: merels. See chess. Sources: Bell 1979 cennchaem. Sources: Mur- nine men’s morris. [4], 1:61-62. Forbes 1860, ray 1952, 35. bidaria, family: merels. See 137. Murray 1913, 342-343. cercar la liebre, family: tiger three men’s morris. Parlett 1999, 317-320. a.k.a. game. Sources: Botermans bizingo. Sources: Bell 1979 circular chess, shatranji mu- et al 1989, 146-147. Culin [5], 104-105. dauwira. 1907, 794, 798f. Murray 1952, 99. Parlett 1999, 187.

11 a.k.a. catch the hare, coyote chaupar, family: pachisi. See Chinamen’s game [the], & chickens, k’uang, pon cho- chausar. family: pachisi. See Chine- chotl. chaupur, family: pachisi. senspiel. chahrachel, family: tiger Sources: Murray 1952, 133- Chinese checkers, family: games. See bagh chal. 134. a.k.a. chatush-pada. halma. Sources: Bell 1979 changgi, family: chess. chauput, family: pachisi. [5], 154-155. Bell 1988, 48- Sources: Culin 1895b, 82-90. Sources: Falkener 1892, 263- 49. Botermans 2008, 475- Culin 1896, 866-867. Mur- 264. Murray 1952, 135. 484. Grunfeld 1975, 88-89. ray 1913, 134-137. Parlett chausar, family: pachisi. Parlett 1999, 135-136. 100- 1999, 290-291. a.k.a. Korean Sources: Culin 1896, 855- 108. Pritchard 2007, 167. chess, tjyang keui. 856. Falkener 1892, 264. a.k.a. star halma, stern- chanka, family: mancala. Grunfeld 1975, 29-31. Mur- halma, tiau-qi. Sources: Culin 1894, 600. ray 1952, 134. Parlett 1999, Chinese chess, family: chess. chaquete, family: tables. See 46-47. Shurreef & Herklots See xiangqi. jacquet. 1832, appx. lii. a.k.a. chau- Chinese rebel game, family: char pur, family: merels. See pad, chaupar, p´as´a. tiger game. See twenty-six nine holes. checkers, family: draughts. rebels, yeung luk sz’kon tse- chase the girls, chasing the See draughts. ung kwan. girls, family: tables. See að chela, family: mancala. Chinesenspiel, family: elta stelpur. Sources: Murray 1952, 201. pachisi. Sources: Grunfeld chato, family: mancala. chenne-mane ata, family: 1975, 32-33. Parlett 1999, Sources: Murray 1952, 174. mancala. Sources: Vasantha 49-50. a.k.a. Chinamen’s a.k.a. chuka, jungka. 2003, 31. a.k.a. achchana game [the]. chator, family: chess. See gundlu, omana guntalu, va- chingskoot, family: zohn ahl. main chator. mana guntalu. Sources: Culin 1906, 146, chatrang, family: chess. cherrapunji, family: man- 150-151. Murray 1952, 155- Sources: Parlett 1999, 296. cala. See mawkarkatiya. 156. a.k.a. kinsgoot, kints a.k.a. Iranian chess, Persian chess, family: chess. Sources: kut. chess. Anon 1989, 166-196. Bell chisolo, family: mancala. chaturaji, family: chess. 1979 [5], 18-21. Bell 1988, Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:123- Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:51- 29-31. Botermans et al 1989, 124. Murray 1952, 210 57. Bell 1980, 21-24. Bell 126-131. Cassell 1896, 355- [8.2.7]. a.k.a. natatu. 1988, 27-29. Bell & Cor- 372. Culin 1896, 860-861, chisolo, family: mancala. nelius 1988, 39-41. Culin 862-863. Grunfeld 1975, 63- Sources: Murray 1952, 210 1896, 857-858. Falkener 69. Parlett 1999, 276-286, [8.2.8]. 1892, 120-142. Forbes 1860, 299-307. Pritchard 1982, 38- chisolo, family: mancala. 11-45. Murray 1913, 68-77. 48. Pritchard 2007, 42-51. Sources: Murray 1952, 213. Parlett 1999, 325-326. a.k.a. Strutt 1903, 250-253. a.k.a. chisolo, family: mancala. See chaturanga, shaturanga. European chess. nambidi. chaturanga, family: chess. chess, family: chess. See sha- chit-thareen, family: chess. Sources: Murray 1913, 51- tranj. See sittuyin. 67. Parlett 1999, 286-288. chiana wa bwalo, family: Chivalry, family: halma. chaturanga, family: chess. mancala. Sources: Murray Sources: Love 1979, 25. See chaturaji. 1952, 224. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, chatush-pada, family: chiana wa kunja, family: 137-146. pachisi. See chaupur. mancala. Sources: Murray choko, family: yot´e. Sources: chaupad, family: pachisi. See 1952, 224. Murray 1952, 83. Parker chausar. chikkiri, family: merels. See 1909, 604. Parlett 1999, 246- nine holes. 247. a.k.a. helga.

12 chongak, family: mancala. Murray 1913, 343-344. a.k.a. 255. a.k.a. dam blas, dames Sources: Culin 1894, 600. shatranj al-husun [le jeu de], Polish checkers, chonka, family: mancala. coan ki. Sources: Botermans Polish draughts. Sources: Murray 1952, 175. et al 1989, 164. Botermans contrabuf, family: tables. chonka, family: mancala. See 2008, 677-688. Bell 1979 [4], See gegenpuff. chonku. 2:12-14. Culin 1889, 14-15. contr¨arepuff, family: tables. choo-hong-ki, family: chess. Culin 1895a, 498-499. Mur- See gegenpuff. See xiangqi. ray 1952, 144. a.k.a. bottle coro, family: mancala. See chonku, family: mancala. game [the], tsun k’i. choro. Sources: Murray 1952, 173. cocimbert, family: draughts. courier chess, family: chess. Parker 1909, 599-600. a.k.a. See losing draughts. See courier game [the]. chonka, pallankuli coiled snake, family: mehen. courier game [the], family: choro, family: mancala. See mehen. chess. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], Sources: Murray 1952, 216- comican, family: chess. 1:62-65. Murray 1913, 483- 217. a.k.a. coro. Sources: Murray 1952, 97. 485. Parlett 1999, 314-315. choro, family: mancala. comican, comina, family: a.k.a. courier chess. Sources: Murray 1952, 219- tiger game. See komina. cows & leopards, family: 220. complete chess, family: tiger game. Sources: Bell chu-shogi, family: chess. chess. Sources: Forbes 1860, 1979 [4], 1:81. Bell 1979 [5], Sources: Parlett 1999, 293, 155-161. 62-63. Bell 1988, 26. Bell 294. Conchobair. Sources: Mur- 1988, 91. Bell & Cornelius chuba, family: mancala. ray 1952, 35. 1988, 47. Parlett 1999,195. Sources: Culin 1894, 605- congklak, conglak, family: Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000, 607. Murray 1952, 212. mancala. Sources: Bell 1988, 38. a.k.a. leopards & cows. Whitehill 1999, 116. 58. Bell & Cornelius 1988, coyote, family: tiger game. chuk sam, family: merels. 22-25. Sources: Culin 1896, 876. See sam k’i. Connect 4. Sources: Bell Murray 1952, 99. Parlett chuka, family: mancala. See 1988, 47. Parlett 1999, 113- 1999, 187. a.k.a. coyote & chato. 114. Pritchard 2007, 169. chickens. chuke. See chuki. Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000, coyote & chickens, family: chuki. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 11. a.k.a. bottoms up!, tiger game. See cercar la 2:52-53. Culin 1896, 872- captain’s mistress [the], four liebre. 873. Murray 1952, 94. a.k.a. balls. coyote & chickens, family: chuke, tjoeki, xuki. conspirators [the]. Sources: tiger game. See coyote. chuncajon, family: mancala. Bell 1979 [5], 128-129. Bell crazy game [the], family: Sources: Culin 1894, 600- 1980, 53-55. Sheppard & mancala. See li‘b majnuni. 601. Murray 1952, 176. Wilkinson 2000, 33. a.k.a. cumi, cumisi˜na, family: tiger chuncani, chuncara, spies. game. See komina. chuncayuna, chungani. continental draughts, fam- cuwee, family: zohn ahl. Sources: Depaulis 1998, 31. ily: draughts. Sources: Bell Sources: Murray 1952, 151. a.k.a. ccullu chuncana. 1979 [4], 1:75. Bell 1980, da ma. Sources: Cribb 2007, chunkajon, family: mancala. 36-37. Bell 1988, 39. Bell 116-124. See agsinnoninka. 1988, 80-81. Botermans et al dablot prejjesne, family: al- chwe pyit-thi, family: 1989, 134. Botermans 2008, querque. Sources: Bell 1979 pachisi. See pasit. 379-392. Falkener 1892, 236. [5], 152-153. Bell 1980, circular chess, family: chess. Murray 1952, 80-81 Parlett 45. Botermans 2008, 655- See Byzantine chess. 1999, 261. Pritchard 2007, 666. Parlett 1999, 247-248. citadel chess, family: chess. 32-33. Provenzo & Provenzo dagboprou, family: mancala. Sources: Forbes 1860, 137. 1990, 203-207. Strutt 1903, See aware.

13 dagh, family: mancala. dama, family: draughts. See dara-dara, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 183. shashki. Sources: Murray 1952, 176. dagh, family: mancala. dama, family: draughts. See daramutu, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 185. Turkish draughts. Sources: Murray 1952, 173. dai-shogi, family: chess. damas, family: draughts. See Parker 1909, 599. a.k.a. Sources: Parlett 1999, 293, Spanish draughts. ellaewala-kanda. 294. dame, family: draughts. See darra, family: mancala. dajam, family: pachisi. shashki. Sources: Murray 1952, 187 Sources: Murray 1952, 137. dame `a la babilonienne, [7.5.42]. dakon, family: mancala. family: draughts. See darra, family: mancala. See Sources: Murray 1952, 175. Frisian draughts. derra. dakon, family: mancala. dames [le jeu de], family: dasapada, family: ashtapada. Sources: Donkers 2000, 79- draughts. See continental Sources: Murray 1952, 35. 88. draughts. dash-guti, family: alquerque. dala, family: dara. Sources: dames aval´ees, family: ta- Sources: Murray 1952, 70. Murray 1952, 49. Parlett bles. See rabattu´ees. a.k.a. kowwu dunki. 1999, 124. a.k.a. dali. dames canadien [le jeu de], decimal chess, family: chess. daldøs, daldøsa, family: family: draughts. See Cana- Sources: Murray 1913, 341- tablan. Sources: Depaulis dian draughts. 342, 346-347. a.k.a. at- 2001, 77-82. Michaelsen dames rabattu´ees, family: tamma 2001, 19-32. Næsheim 2001, tables. See rabattu´ees. deleb, family: tablan. 9-14. stergard & Gaston damki, family: draughts. See Sources: Murray 1952, 96. 2001, 15-18. dam. demala diviyan keliya, fam- dali, family: dara. See dala. damki, family: draughts. See ily: leopard game. See dalwbrdd, family: hnefatafl. shashki. rafaya. See tawlbwrdd. damma, family: alquerque. derra, family: mancala. dam, family: draughts. See alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 187. Sources: Parlett 1999, 262. dammen-spiel, family: a.k.a. darra. a.k.a. dama, damki, warcaby. draughts. See German desbaraill, family: tables. dam, family: draughts. draughts. See barail. Sources: Murray 1952, 81. dams, family: draughts. See dhola, family: pachisi. dam, family: alquerque. See draughts. Sources: Culin 1896, 856. mogol putt’han. dandaman, family: al- Murray 1952, 136. dam, family: draughts. querque. See ratti-chitti- diagonal draughts, family: Parker 1909, 584-585. bakri. draughts. Sources: Bell 1979 dam blas, family: draughts. dandimannstafl, danu- [4], 1:73. Bell 1979 [5], 28. See continental draughts. mannstafl, family: tables. Bell 1988, 39. Botermans dam-daman, family: al- Sources: Murray 1952, 129. 2008, 162. Murray 1952, 82. querque. See ratti-chitti- danm-la-tete, family: al- Parlett 1999, 271. Provenzo bakri. querque. de Voogt 2009, 34- & Provenzo 1990, 202-203. dam hariman, family: tiger 35. diagrammismos. See gram- game. See mogol putt’han. dara, family: dara. Sources: mai. dam pusri, family: al- Bell 1979 [4], 1:95-96. Bell Diana, family: chess. querque. Sources: Murray 1988, 46. Bell & Cornelius Sources: Parlett 1999, 317. 1952, 67. a.k.a. sipchi kat. 1988, 10. Botermans 2008, dickedack, family: tables. dama, family: draughts. See 67. Murray 1952, 48-49. See petit trictrac. dam. Parlett 1999, 123. Provenzo dignitaries [game of], fam- dama, family: draughts. See & Provenzo 1990, 158-159. ily: promotion game. See Italian draughts. a.k.a. shiva. tjyong-kyeng-to.

14 dili, family: dara. Sources: doublets, family: tables. merels. See nine men’s mor- Murray 1952, 49. Parlett Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:17. ris. 1999, 124. a.k.a. dra kyoti Bell 1979 [5], 91. Murray dugh, family: merels. See wali. 1952, 121. Parlett 1999, 75- nine men’s morris. diviyalliya, family: tiger 76. Strutt 1903, 248. a.k.a. duodecim scripta. Sources: game. See diviyan keliya. queen’s game [the], renette Bell 1979 [4], 1:30-34. Bell diviyan keliya, family: tiger doze canes [los], family: ta- 1979 [5], 84-85. Bell 1980, 8. game. Sources: Murray bles. Sources: Murray 1952, Bell 1988, 17-18. Botermans 1952, 110. Parker 1909, 120. Parlett 1999, 75. a.k.a. et al 1989, 27-28. Botermans 581-583. a.k.a. diviyalliya, doze hermanos [los]. 2008, 287-298. Fiske 1905, kotiyo saha harak, leopards & doze hermanos [los], family: 174. Forbes 1860, appendix cattle, leopards’ game, leop- tables. See doze canes [los]. xxxii-xxxiii. Murray 1952, ards’ square. dra kyoti wali, family: dara. 30-31. Parlett 1999, 70-72. do-chu-sugoroku, family: See dili. a.k.a. ludus duodecim scrip- ashtapada. Sources: Mur- draughts, family: draughts. torum. ray 1952, 132. Sources: Anon 1989, 197- duqurjin, family: merels. See do-guti, family: horseshoe. 201. Bell 1979 [4], 1:71-72. nine men’s morris. See pong hau k’i. Bell 1979 [5], 26-27. Bell Dutch backgammon, fam- doblet, family: tables. 1980, 35-36. Bell 1988, 37- ily: tables. Sources: Parlett Sources: Murray 1952, 120. 38. Botermans et al 1989, 1999, 81-2. Pritchard 2007, Parlett 1999, 75. 132-133. Botermans 2008, 27. dogs & bears, family: fox & 153-162. Cassell 1896, 373- eckha, family: halma. See geese. See asalto. 381. Falkener 1892, 235. halma. dogs & jackals. Sources: Bell Fiske 1905, 92-97. Grunfeld edris a jin. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:20-22. Bell 1979 1975, 85-87. Love 1979, 40. 1979 [4], 2:2-3. Culin 1896, [5], 44-45. Botermans et al Murray 1952, 72-78. Par- 857. Murray 1952, 138. 1989, 19-21. Dunn-Vaturi lett 1999, 250-258. Pritchard a.k.a. genii’s game [the] 2000, 107-111. Hoerth 2007, 1982, 53-59. Pritchard 2007, egara guti, family: al- 64-68. Murray 1952, 15-16, 30-34. Provenzo & Provenzo querque. Sources: Murray 21-23. Parlett 1999, 68-70. 1990, 195-200. Strutt 1903, 1952, 71. Parlett 1999, 245. a.k.a. fifty-eight holes [the 255. a.k.a. Anglo-American ekwe, family: mancala. game of], hounds & jackals, draughts, checkers, dams, Sources: Murray 1952, 192. palm tree game [the], palms, English draughts, forc´e [le ellaewala-kanda, family: shields. jeu], wakanpamugthae. mancala. See daramutu. dong wo, family: mancala. Draughts for Three, family: emperador, family: tables. Sources: Eagle 1998, 62-64. draughts. Sources: Provenzo See ludus anglicorum. dongjintian, family: man- & Provenzo 1990, 208-213. en dodoi, endodoi, family: cala. Sources: Parlett 1999, driesticken, family: merels. mancala. Sources: Murray 221-222. Sources: Murray 1952, 39. 1952, 199. Parlett 1999, 211- doppel-m¨uhle, family: driesticken, family: merels. 212. a.k.a. en geishei. merels. See nine men’s mor- See nine holes. en geishei, family: mancala. ris. dris, dris at-tan ‘ashari, See en dodoi. dou shou qi. See jungle game dris attis‘ a, family: merels. English draughts, family: [the]. See nine men’s morris. draughts. See draughts. double backgammon, fam- dris, family: merels. See three English game [the], family: ily: tables. See gegenpuff. men’s morris. tables. Sources: Bell 1979 double fox & geese, family: dris aththalatha, family: [4], 2:15. fox & geese. Sources: Mur- merels. See nine holes. English wari, family: man- ray 1952, 104. dubbel-qvarn, family: cala. Sources: Murray 1952,

15 202. festungsspiel, family: fox & fivepenny morris, fam- epelle, family: merels. See geese. See asalto. ily: merels. See five men’s tant fant. fetach, family: alquerque. morris. ´erh´erh´e, family: mancala. Sources: Parlett 1999, 246. forc´e [le jeu], family: Sources: Murray 1952, a.k.a. a.k.a. quirach. draughts. See draughts. kale. ficheall. See fithcheall. forkoering, family: tables. escaques [los]. See kawakib. fidchell. See fithcheall. See verquere. eureika, family: tables. fifanga, family: mancala. fortress chess, family: chess. Sources: Parlett 1999, 75. Sources: Murray 1952, 224- Sources: Parlett 1999, 327. European chess, family: 225. four balls. See Connect 4. chess. See chess. fifty-eight holes [the game four field kono. Sources: exchange kono, family: of]. See dogs & jackals. Bell 1979 [4], 2:42. Bell halma. See five field kono. fighting serpents, family: al- 1980, 31. Culin 1895b, 101. ezu ahia ako okwa, family: querque. See awithlaknan- Loader & Loader 1993, 39- mancala. See ako okwe. nai. 41. Sheppard & Wilkinson faille, family: tables. See fal- filetto, filo, family: merels. 2000, 30. a.k.a. nei-pat-ko- las. See three men’s morris. no. fails, family: tables. See fal- filetto, filo, filomulino, fam- four-handed chess, family: las. ily: merels. See nine men’s chess. Sources: Bell 1988, fallas, family: tables. morris. 31-32. Parlett 1999, 328. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:41. Finnish draughts, family: four seasons chess, family: Murray 1952, 123. Parlett draughts. Sources: Parlett chess. Sources: Murray 1999, 84. a.k.a. faille, fails, 1999, 262-263. 1913, 348-349. Parlett 1999, fayles, minoret. fipenny merills, family: 326-327. fang. Sources: Shimizu & merels. See five men’s mor- fox & geese, family: fox & Miyahara 2002, 31-37. ris. geese. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], fanorona, family: alquerque. fithcheall. Sources: Bell 1979 1:76-77. Bell 1979 [5], 50-51. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:25- [4], 2:45-46. Forbes 1860, Bell 1980, 40-41. Bell 1988, 26. Bell 1979 [5], 150- appendix xliii-xlvi. Murray 25. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 151. Bell 1980, 34-35. Bell 1952, 34. Parlett 1999, 203. 45-47. Botermans et al 1989, 1988, 36. Botermans et al a.k.a. ficheall, fidchell. 151-152. Cassell 1896, 392- 1989, 114. Murray 1952, five field kono, family: 394. Culin 1876, 876-877. 87-89. Parlett 1999, 248- halma. Sources: Bell 1979 Fiske 1905, 146-156. Mur- 249. Pritchard 1982, 60- [4], 1:98. Bell 1988, 48. ray 1952, 101-104. Gomme 65. Pritchard 2007, 36-37. Culin 1895b, 102. Parlett 1894, 141-142. Gomme 1898, Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, 1999, 133. Sheppard & 298. Grunfeld 1975, 92-93. 67-74. Schadd 2008, 3-6. Wilkinson 2000, 13. a.k.a. Parlett 1999, 185-186, 187- fanorona telo, family: exchange kono, o-pat-ko-no. 189. Pritchard 2007, 161. merels. See three men’s mor- five game [the]. See pancha Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, ris. keliya. 167-173. Strutt 1903, 258- farmers’ chess, family: five men’s morris, family: 259. Sheppard & Wilkinson chess. See gala. merels. Sources: Botermans 2000, 16. a.k.a. Freystafl, f¨astningsspel, family: fox & et al 1989, 104. Murray fuchs im h¨uhnerhof, fuchs geese. See asalto. 1952, 42-43. Parlett 1999, und g¨anse, fuchs und h¨uhner, fayles, family: tables. See fal- 117-118. Zaslavsky 2003, hala-tafl, halatafl, lupo e las. 17. a.k.a. fipenny merills, pecore, manu, marelle quin- felli, family: alquerque. fivepenny merills, fivepenny tuple, marelles, moo, musi- Sources: Parlett 1999, 246. morris, smerelli. naykahwhanmetowaywin, fivepenny merills, r¨afspel, ref-skak, renard et

16 les poules, schaap en wolf, a.k.a. nyuwunu bo ana ya, Bell 1980, 55-61. Bell 1988, tods & lambs, volki ovtsy nyuwunu bouh ana yai. 50-51, 98-101. Botermans et fox & geese, family: perugian gammon, family: tables. See al 1989, 140-142. Botermans game. Sources: Bell & Cor- backgammon. 2008, 299-334. Culin 1895b, nelius 1988, 46. Cassell 1896, g¨ansespiel, family: mehen. 91-100. Culin 1896, 868-872, 392-394. Murray 1952, 106. See goose [the game of]. 873-874. Falkener 1892, 241- Parker 1909, 585. Parlett ganzenspel, family: mehen. 250. Grunfeld 1975, 42-51. 1999, 190. Pritchard 2007, See goose [the game of]. Murray 1952, 89-92. Par- 161. a.k.a. koti keliya, var- garanguet, family: tables. lett 1999, 167-178. Pritchard gen och f¨aren. Sources: Murray 1952, 124. 1982, 73-82. Pritchard 2007, French backgammon, fam- Parlett 1999, 83. 66-71. a.k.a. i-go, patok, ily: tables. See gegenpuff. gavalata, family: ashtapada. wei-ch’i, wei-qi. French wari, family: man- Sources: Culin 1896, 851f. go bang, family: go moku. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Murray 1952, 131-132. Par- Sources: Cassell 1896, 395. 202. lett 1999, 56. go-bang, family: go moku. Freystafl, family: fox & gegenpuf, gegenpuff, fam- Sources: Botermans et al geese. See fox & geese. ily: tables. Sources: Mur- 1989, 108. Grunfeld 1975, Frisian draughts, family: ray 1952, 128. Parlett 52. Murray 1952, 50. a.k.a. draughts. Sources: Parlett 1999, 81-82. a.k.a. con- gomok-narabe. 1999, 263. a.k.a. dame `ala trabuf, contr¨are puff, dou- go bang, family: go moku. babilonienne. ble backgammon, French See go moku. fuchs im h¨uhnerhof, family: backgammon. go moku, family: go moku. fox & geese. See fox & geese. genii’s game [the]. See edris Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:96. fuchs und g¨anse, family: fox a jin. Bell 1988, 46. Botermans & geese. See fox & geese. German backgammon, et al 1989, 108. Cassell fuchs und h¨uhner, family: family: tables. See lange 1896, 394. Murray 1952, fox & geese. See fox & geese. puff. 50. Pritchard 2007, 72. gaasespil, family: mehen. German draughts, family: Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, See goose [the game of]. draughts. Sources: Parlett 147-152. a.k.a. go bang, spoil gabata, family: mancala. 1999, 262. a.k.a. dammen- five Sources: Bell 1980, 65-66. spiel. gol-skuish, family: al- Bell & Cornelius 1988, 30. German tactics, family: fox querque. Sources: Murray Culin 1894, 601. Murray & geese. Sources: Bell 1988, 1952, 71. 1952, 204. Parlett 1999, 219- 42-43. Bell & Cornelius gold rush. Sources: Bell 1979 220. Pritchard 2007, 20-21. 1988, 48-49. [5], 72-73. gabata, gabatta, family: giacchetto, family: tables. gomok-narabe, family: go mancala. See guvoota. See jacquet. moku. See go-bang. gala, family: chess. Sources: gifia, family: mancala. goose [the game of], fam- Bell 1979 [5], 22-23. Bell Sources: Murray 1952, 192- ily: mehen. Sources: Bell 1980, 29-31. Botermans et 193. 1979 [4], 1:14-16. Bell 1979 al 1989, 124-125. Parlett gioul, family: tables. Sources: [5], 140-141. Bell 1988, 11- 1999, 315-316. a.k.a. farm- Parlett 1999, 83. Pritchard 13, 74-75. Botermans 2008, ers’ chess. 2007, 27. 141-152. Cassell 1896, 395- gala. Sources: Murray 1952, giuthi, family: mancala. 396. Culin 1896, 841-842. 55. Parlett 1999, 239. Sources: Murray 1952, 197- Love 1978, 18-19. Murray galatjan, family: mancala. 198. a.k.a. kiuthi. 1952, 142-143. Parlett 1999, Sources: Murray 1952, 175. go, family: go. Sources: Bell 95-98. Provenzo & Provenzo gamma, family: mancala. 1979 [4], 1:99-111, ii. 59- 1990, 19-27. Seville 2009, Sources: Murray 1952, 180. 61. Bell 1979 [5], 124-126. 3-6. Strutt 1903, 265.

17 a.k.a. gaasespil, g¨ansespiel, halancola, halankola. Botermans et al 1989, ganzenspel, oca [giuoco dell’], Sources: Depaulis 1998, 31- 153. Murray 1952, 106-107. oca [juego de la], oie [jeu de 32. a.k.a. hilancula, hun- Parker 1909, 580-581. Par- l’], royal game of goose [the] cosi˜na, hunku˜na, jalankola, lett 1999, 195. Zaslavsky gospel game [the], family: juncu˜na. 2003, 29-30. a.k.a. seven hnefatafl. See Saxon hne- halma, family: halma. leopards [the]. fatafl. Sources: Anon 1989, 244- hawalis, family: mancala. Graeco-Turkish draughts, 245. Bell 1979 [4], 1:98-99. Sources: de Voogt 2003, 95- family: draughts. See Turk- Bell 1979 [5], 30-31. Bell 98. de Voogt 2009, 33. ish draughts. 1980, 52-53. Bell 1988, 48, helga, family: yot´e. See grammai, family: (un- 112-113. Botermans et al choko. known). Sources: Murray 1989, 110-111. Love 1978, hewakam-keliya, family: al- 1952, 27-28. Parlett 1999, 81. Loader & Loader 1993, querque. See mogol putt’han. 70. a.k.a. diagrammismos. 139-141. Murray 1952, 51- high jump, family: al- grand trictrac, grand 52. Parlett 1999, 133-134. querque. Sources: Bell 1979 trick-track, family: tables. Pritchard 2007, 166-167. [4], 1:84. Bell 1979 [5], 81. Sources: Murray 1952, 125. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, Bell 1988, 24. Botermans et Strutt 1903, 249. 91-99. Walker 2014, 35-50. al 1989, 122. Murray 1952, grand trictrac, family: ta- Whitehill 1999, 125. a.k.a. 66. Parker 1909, 604-605. bles. Sources: Murray 1952, eckha. Parlett 1999, 246. a.k.a. ko- 126. a.k.a. retour [jeu de]. halusa, halusi, family: man- rub¨oddo, lorkab¨od, natt klab grande acedrex, family: cala. Sources: Murray 1952, ash-shawk, siga. chess. Sources: Parlett 1999, 166. hilancula. See halancola. 313. han. Sources: Murray 1952, hnefatafl, family: hnefatafl. grande acedrex, family: 13. Falkener 1892, 83-90, Sources: Astrop 1980, 10. chess. Sources: Murray 359-360. a.k.a. bowl [game Botermans et al 1989, 119- 1913, 348. a.k.a. great chess. of the]. 120. Botermans 2008, 493- grasshopper, family: halma. hare [the], family: mancala. 496. Loader & Loader Sources: Murray 1952, 52. See arneb [el]. 1993, 147-149. Murray 1913, Pritchard 2007, 167. hasami shogi, family: go 445. Murray 1952, 55-64. great chess, family: chess. moku. Sources: Bell Parlett 1999, 186, 196-204. See grande acedrex. 1979 [4], 1:97. Bell 1988, Pritchard 2007, 16-17. Rid- great chess, family: chess. 47. Botermans 2008, 513- dler 2007, 256-262. Walker See shatranj kabir. 522. Parlett 1999, 125- 2013. a.k.a. tafl, tæfl. great chess, family: chess. 126. Pritchard 2007, 65. hounds & jackals. See dogs See Tamerlane’s chess. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, & jackals. guebeta, family: mancala. 153-157. Sheppard & huairu. See pisca. See guvoota. Wilkinson 2000, 27. hue-ta-quee-che-ka, family: guehe, family: mancala. hasami shogi, family: latrun- zohn ahl. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 199. culi. Sources: Bell 1979 1952, 152. guvoota, family: mancala. [4], 1:97-98. Bell 1988, hujura, family: merels. See Sources: Murray 1952, 195- 41. Botermans 2008, 523- three men’s morris. 195. a.k.a. gabata, gabatta, 526. Murray 1913, 147. huli-kavilemane ata, family: guebeta. Murray 1952, 54. Parlett tiger game. Sources: Vasan- gwyddbwyll. Sources: Mur- 1999, 239. Pritchard 2007, tha 2003, 29-30. ray 1952, 34. Parlett 1999, 65. Sheppard & Wilkinson huli-kavilemane ata, family: 202-203. 2000, 28. tiger game. Sources: Vasan- hala-tafl, halatafl, family: hat diviyan keliya, fam- tha 2003, 30. fox & geese. See fox & geese. ily: leopard game. Sources: huli-mane ata, family: leop-

18 ard game. Sources: Vasan- Indian & jackrabbits, fam- jacquet de Versailles, fam- tha 2003, 27-29. ily: tiger game. See ko-app- ily: tables. Sources: Murray huli-meke ata, family: tiger paw-na. 1952, 127. Parlett 1999, 78. game. Sources: Vasantha Indians & trappers, fam- jalankola. See halancola. 2003, 30. ily: halma. Sources: Parlett Japanese chess, family: huncosi˜na, hunku˜na. See 1999, 271. a.k.a. smugglers chess. See shogi. halancola. & customs officers. jara-bad`akh, family: merels. hurdle. See tsikehi. ingilith, family: mancala. See nine holes. hus, huts, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 224. jinx. Sources: Botermans Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:76- International draughts, 2008, 425-434. 77. Grunfeld 1975, 24-25. family: draughts. Sources: jirig, family: merels. Sources: Murray 1952, 209. Parlett Parlett 1999, 264-266. Zaslavsky 2003, 21-22. 1999, 220-221. intotoi, family: mancala. jodorakase, family: mancala. hyena, hyena game [the]. Sources: Murray 1952, 200. See j’odu. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:12- intuvigai zuli gairagai, fam- jumping sugoroku, family: 14. Bell 1979 [5], 46-47. ily: zohn ahl. See quince. promotion game. See tobi- Murray 1952, 143-144. Par- Iranian chess, family: chess. sugoroku. lett 1999, 89-91. a.k.a. l’ib el See chatrang. juncu˜na. See halancola. merafib. Irish, family: tables. See to- jungle game [the]. Sources: i, family: mancala. Sources: das tablas. Astrop 1980, 5. Bell 1979 [4], Murray 1952, 183. isafuba, family: mancala. 1:69-70. Bell 1979 [5], 118- i, family: mancala. Sources: Sources: Culin 1894, 603. 119. Botermans 2008, 265- Murray 1952, 187. Murray 1952, 225. 276. Parlett 1999, 142-144. i-go. See go. ise-ozin-egbe, family: man- Pritchard 2007, 163. a.k.a. i na, family: mancala. See cala. Sources: Murray 1952, dou shou qi, Law of the Jun- nah. 180. a.k.a. perseverance gle. i pere, family: mancala. game. jungka, family: mancala. See Sources: Murray 1952, 183. Islamic chess, family: chess. chato. Icelandic backgammon, See shatranj. juroku musashi, family: family: tables. See kotra. Italian draughts, family: tiger game. Sources: Culin ichwe, family: mancala. draughts. Sources: Bell 1979 1896, 874. Murray 1952, 101. Sources: Murray 1952, 183. [4], 1:73. Murray 1952, 78. a.k.a. sixteen soldiers. igori, family: mancala. Parlett 1999, 261-262. a.k.a. juroku musashi, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 183. dama. tiger game. See yasasukari ikibuguzo, family: mancala. iyagbe, family: mancala. musashi. Sources: Murray 1952, 217. Sources: Murray 1952, 191. k‘ab albaidar, family: a.k.a. uruheisho, uruheso iyogh, family: mancala. merels. See nine men’s mor- ikisoro, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 189- ris. Sources: Murray 1952, 224. 190. k’uang, family: tiger game. imperial, family: tables. See j’erin, family: mancala. See cercar la liebre. ludus anglicorum. Sources: Murray 1952, 187. ka-wa-su-suts, family: zohn Imperial game [the], family: j’odu, family: mancala. ahl. Sources: Bell & Cor- tables. Sources: Bell 1979 Sources: Murray 1952, 181. nelius 1988, 60-61. [4], 2:16 Murray 1952, 123.. a.k.a. jodorakase kalah, kalaha, family: man- Parlett 1999, 84. Strutt jacquet, family: tables. cala. Sources: Bell & Cor- 1903, 249. Sources: Murray 1952, 126- nelius 1988, 29. Provenzo inaani, family: zohn ahl. 127. Parlett 1999, 78. a.k.a. & Provenzo 1990, 109-114. Sources: Culin 1907, 120- chaquete, giacchetto. a.k.a. mancala. 121. Murray 1952, 152.

19 kale, family: mancala. kechukawe. Sources: De- kiuthi, family: mancala. See Sources: Culin 1894, 602. paulis 1998, 42-44. a.k.a. kiusu. Murray 1952, 183. quechucague, quechucayu. ko-app-paw-na, family: tiger kale, family: mancala. See kerala, family: (race). game. Sources: Culin 1907, ´erh´erh´e. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:3- 798. Murray 1952, 99. Par- kale, family: mancala. See 5. Botermans et al 1989, lett 1999, 187. a.k.a. Indian wari. 157-158. & jackrabbits. kaloleh, family: mancala. See ketch-dolt, family: tables. ko-ko-nag’n. Sources: Culin bajangkaq. See catch-dolt. 1896, 880. Culin 1907, 792. kanj guti, family: mancala. kezute, family: zohn ahl. See ko-na-ne, konane, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 169. quince. solitaire. Sources: Bell 1979 kaooa. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], kharbga, family: latrunculi. [5], 132-133. Bell 1988, 61. Bell & Cornelius 1988, See seega. 42. Ernst 1995, 1, 19-20. 48. Murray 1952, 112. a.k.a. khutka bois, family: man- Hearn 2009, 297-299. Mur- vultures & crows. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, ray 1952, 97. Parlett 1999, kara, family: mancala. 169. 246. Thompson 2005, 2-3. Sources: Murray 1952, 194. kiarabu, family: mancala. Walker 2014, 127-140. karat, family: alquerque. See Arabian bao. kolowis awithlaknannai, Sources: Parlett 1999, 246. kiarabu, family: mancala. family: alquerque. See aw- kare, karnum, karnun See bao kiarabu. ithlaknannai. shiva, family: dara. kingser, family: tiger game. komari, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 49. Sources: Sheppard & Sources: Murray 1952, 206. Parlett 1999, 123-124. Wilkinson 2000, 37. komikan, komina, family: katra, family: mancala. kinsgoot, family: zohn ahl. tiger game. Sources: De- Sources: Murray 1952, 214- See chingskoot. paulis 1998, 34, 36-38, 44- 215. kints kut, family: zohn ahl. 46. a.k.a. comican, com- katra, family: mancala. See chingskoot. ina, cumi, cumisi˜na, len y las Sources: de Voogt 1999, 111- kioz, family: tablan. Sources: ovejas [el], taptana. 112. a.k.a. tsotra. Murray 1952, 96. kon-tjil, kontjil, family: katra, family: mancala. kisolo, family: mancala. merels. See sam k’i. Sources: de Voogt 1999, 113- Sources: Murray 1952, 201. Korean chess, family: chess. 114. a.k.a. paika. kit cat kannio, family: See changgi. katra be, family: mancala. merels. See noughts & koro, family: mancala. See bao kiswahili. crosses. Sources: Murray 1952, 183- katro, family: mancala. kiusu, family: mancala. 184. Sources: de Voogt 1999, 112- Sources: Murray 1952, 198. korub¨oddo, family: al- 113. a.k.a. kiuthi. querque. Sources: Murray kawada keliya, kawade ke- kiuthi, family: mancala. 1952, 83. a.k.a. lorkab¨od. liya. Sources: Culin 1896, Sources: Botermans et al korub¨oddo, family: al- 851. Murray 1952, 141. 1989, 177. Murray 1952, 198 querque. See high jump. kawakib. Sources: Murray [7.6.13]. koti keliya, family: perugian 1913, 343, 349-351. Murray kleine m¨uhlenspiel, family: game. See fox & geese. 1952, 156-157. Parlett 1999, merels. See nine holes. koti sellama, family: leopard 95. a.k.a. al-falakiya, es- kiuthi, family: mancala. game. See rafaya. caques [los]. Sources: Murray 1952, 198 kotiyo saha harak, family: kawasukuts, family: zohn [7.6.11]. tiger game. See diviyan ke- ahl. Sources: Culin 1907, kiuthi, family: mancala. See liya. 122-123. Murray 1952, 152. giuthi. kotra, family: tables. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],

20 2:19-23. a.k.a. Icelandic laquet, family: tables. len y las ovejas [el]. See backgammon. Sources: Murray 1952, 123. komina. kotra, family: tables. Parlett 1999, 79. leopard game [the], family: Sources: Parlett 1999, 79. larger merels [the], family: leopard game. See puliju- kotra, family: tables. See ver- merels. See nine men’s mor- dam. quere. ris. leopards & cattle, family: kotu ellima, family: al- lasca, laska, Laskers, fam- tiger game. See diviyan ke- querque. Sources: Murray ily: lasca. Sources: Par- liya. 1952, 68. lett 1999, 271-272. Pritchard leopards & cows, family: kotu-baendum, family: 1982, 102-105. Pritchard tiger game. See cows & leop- mancala. Sources: Murray 2007, 40-41. ards. 1952, 173. Parker 1909, 598. latrunculi, family: latrun- leopards’ game, family: kpo, family: mancala. culi. See ludus latrunculo- tiger game. See diviyan ke- Sources: Culin 1894, 603- rum. liya. 604. Murray 1952, 182. lau kata kati, lau kati kata, leopards’ square, family: a.k.a. poo. family: alquerque. Sources: tiger game. See diviyan ke- kowwu dunki, family: al- Bell 1979 [5], 63. Bell 1988, liya. querque. See dash-guti. 91. Bell & Cornelius 1988, leyla-gobale, family: man- kowwu dunki, family: al- 42. Murray 1952, 70. Par- cala. Sources: Murray 1952, querque. See lau kata kati. lett 1999, 246. a.k.a. kowwu 195-196. kriegspiel, family: chess. dunki. li‘b al-ghashim, family: Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:39- Law of the Jungle. See jun- mancala. Sources: Bell & 41. Parlett 1999, 324-325. gle game [the]. Cornelius 1988, 25-26. Lane a.k.a. blind chess. lay gwet kyah, family: tiger 1836, 51-53. Murray 1952, kubeia, family: senet. game. See sua ghin gnua. 167. a.k.a. unlearned [game Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 61. leab el-akil. See li‘b ‘aqila. of the]. kuwanroku, family: promo- leap-frog, family: solitaire. li‘b ‘aqila, li‘b hakimi, fam- tion game. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 93- ily: mancala. Sources: Culin 1952, 146. 94. Parlett 1999, 156. 1894, 598. Lane 1836, 2:54. l’ib el merafib. See hyena. legwet kya, family: tiger Murray 1952, 167-168. a.k.a. lambs and tigers, family: game. Sources: Murray leab el-akil. leopard game. See puliju- 1952, 111. li‘b majnuni, family: man- dam. lela, family: mancala. cala. Sources: Culin 1894, lange puff, family: tables. Sources: Murray 1952, 206. 597-598. Murray 1952, 167. Sources: Falkener 1892, 254. len choa, family: leopard a.k.a. crazy game [the]. Murray 1952, 128. Par- game. Sources: Botermans li‘b roseya, family: mancala. lett 1999, 77. a.k.a. Ger- et al 1989, 153. Murray 1952, Sources: Culin 1894, 598- man backgammon, Russian 106. Parlett 1999, 195, 196. 599. Murray 1952, 167. backgammon. len cua kin ngoa, family: li‘bat iblis, family: mancala. laomuzhukeng, family: man- tiger game. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 179- cala. Sources: Eagle 1998, 1952, 111. 180. 64-66. len doat. Sources: Murray limb chess, family: chess. laomuzhuqi, family: man- 1952, 138-140. Sources: Murray 1913, 343. cala. Sources: Eagle 1998, len saka, len sake, family: line of three, family: merels. 60-62. tables. Sources: Murray Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 145. laumuzhuqi, family: man- 1952, 116. Botermans et al 1989, 103. cala. Sources: Eagle 1998, len-doat, family: pachisi. a.k.a. three in a row. 66. Sources: Parlett 1999, 47-48. lion and goats chess, family: perugian game. See shatranj

21 shir bakri. tieste, imperial. ily: chess. Sources: Bell 1979 liubo. Sources: Parlett 1999, ludus calculorum. Sources: [4], 1:65. Bell 1979 [5], 21. 72-74. Strutt 1903, 253. Bell 1988, 34. Bell & Cor- lok, family: mancala. See ludus duodecim scripto- nelius 1988, 43-44. Falkener obridjie. rum. See duodecim scripta. 1892, 217-224. Parlett 1999, Lombard game [the], fam- ludus latrunculorum, fam- 192. ily: tables. Sources: Bell ily: latrunculi. Sources: Bell main chator, family: chess. 1979 [4], 2:16. Strutt 1903, 1979 [4], 1:84-87. Bell 1988, Sources: Forbes 1860, 262- 249. 23, 84-85. Botermans et al 275. Murray 1913, 95-107. longbeu-a-cha, family: man- 1989, 26. Falkener 1892, 37- Parlett 1999, 295. a.k.a. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 62, 358. Forbes 1860, ap- chator, Malay chess. 169. pendix xxi-xxxii. Murray main chongkak, family: lontu-holo, family: mancala. 1952, 14-15, 33-34. Parlett mancala. Sources: Murray Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:73- 1999, 235-237. Strutt 1903, 1952, 174. 74. 253. a.k.a. tau, latrunculi. main pachih, family: ashta- lontu-holo, family: mancala. ludus Lumbardorium, fam- pada. Sources: Murray 1952, See adji-pre. ily: tables. See Lombard 131. lorkab¨od, family: alquerque. game [the]. main rimau, main rimau See high jump. ludus philosophorum. See kambing, family: tiger lorkab¨od, family: alquerque. rithmomachia. game. Sources: Murray See korub¨oddo. ludus rebellionis, family: 1952, 111. losing chess, family: chess. perugian game. Sources: main tabal, family: tables. Sources: Parlett 1999, 324. Murray 1952, 105-106. Par- Sources: Murray 1952, 116. a.k.a. take me. lett 1999, 189. main tapal empat, family: losing draughts, los- ludus scrupulorum. tiger game. Sources: Murray ing game [the], loser Sources: Strutt 1903, 253. 1952, 109. Parlett 1999, 194. draughts, family: draughts. luk tsut k’i, family: merels. mak khom, family: mancala. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:72- See achi. Sources: Murray 1952, 173. 73. Bell 1979 [5], 28. Bell luk tsut k’i, family: merels. mak-yek, family: latrunculi. 1988, 39. Botermans 2008, See three men’s morris. Sources: Murray 1952, 54. 162. Murray 1952, 81-82. lupo e pecore, family: fox & Parlett 1999, 239. a.k.a. Parlett 1999, 273. Provenzo geese. See fox & geese. apit-sodok. & Provenzo 1990, 201-202. m’raantsou, family: man- mak yep, family: alquerque. a.k.a. Belgian checkers, cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Sources: Murray 1952, 71. cocimbert, poddavki, 224. makonn, family: mancala. verkehrtes damenspiel madelinette, family: horse- Sources: de Voogt 2009, 33. [das]. shoe. Sources: Loader & makruk, family: chess. Ludo, family: pachisi. Loader 1993, 35-37. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:31- Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:12. madji, family: mancala. 33. Bell 1980, 26. Falkener Bell 1979 [5], 112-113. Bell Sources: Culin 1894, 601. 1892, 191-195. Murray 1913, 1988, 10. Love 1978, 32. Murray 1952, 181. 113-117. Parlett 1999, 295. Murray 1952, 138. Par- magical game [the], family: a.k.a. Siamese chess, Thai lett 1999, 49. Provenzo & mancala. Sources: Murray chess. Provenzo 1990, 49-52. 1952, 180. a.k.a. ’magical makvær, family: draughts. ludus anglicorum, family: game or contest between aru- Sources: Murray 1952, 79. tables. Sources: Murray anran and esigie, two of the Parlett 1999, 263. a.k.a. 1952, 124. Parlett 1999, sons of oba ozolua’. marquere. 82. Strutt 1903, 248-249. maharajah, maharajah makwinni, family: mancala. a.k.a. emperador, testa, and the sepoys [the], fam- Sources: Murray 1952, 189.

22 Malay chess, family: chess. See alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 174- See main chator. marelle quintuple, family: 175. malen’gan, malingan. fox & geese. See fox & geese. mereles [jeu de], family: al- Sources: Murray 1952, 97. marelles, family: fox & geese. querque. See alquerque. malmosdi, family: merels. See fox & geese. m´erelles, family: merels. See See nine men’s morris. marelles, family: merels. See nine men’s morris. malomjatek, family: merels. three men’s morris. m´erelles, family: merels. See See nine men’s morris. mar`ene, family: merels. See three men’s morris. mamatyang-matyang, fam- nine men’s morris. m´erelles`asix tables, fam- ily: tiger game. Sources: marquere, family: draughts. ily: merels. See six men’s Murray 1952, 110. a.k.a. See makvær. morris. tigers. marro, family: merels. See meuchoh, family: mancala. Man in the Moon [Game nine men’s morris. Sources: Murray 1952, 174. of], family: latrunculi. See marro, family: merels. See meulih, family: mancala. seega. three men’s morris. Sources: Murray 1952, 174. mancala, family: mancala. matoe, family: mancala. meurimung-rimung, family: See kalaha. Sources: Murray 1952, 175. tiger game. Sources: Murray manachan, family: tiger mawkarkatiya, family: man- 1952, 110. game. Sources: Murray cala. Sources: Murray 1952, meurim¨ueng-rim¨ueng-do, 1952, 110. 169. a.k.a. cherrapunji. family: leopard game. mandarin promotion [the mbangbi, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 107. game of], family: promo- Sources: Murray 1952, 193. meurim¨ueng-rim¨ueng tion game. See shing kun t’o. mbau, family: mancala. pe¨uet ploh, family: al- mandoli, family: mancala. Sources: Culin 1894, 602. querque. See ratti-chitti- Sources: Murray 1952, 166. Murray 1952, 201. bakri. mangala, family: mancala. mechiwa, family: mancala. meuta’, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 168 Sources: Murray 1952, 175. Sources: Murray 1952, 174. [7.1.9]. Parker 1909, 601- medio emperador [el], fam- mig mang, ming mang. 603. ily: tables. Sources: Murray Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 126- mangala, family: mancala. 1952, 124. Parlett 1999, 83. 127. Bell 1980, 37-39. Bell Sources: Murray 1952, 168 mefuhva, family: mancala. 1988, 42. Botermans 2008, [7.1.10]. Parker 1909, 601. Sources: Botermans et al 619-626. Murray 1952, 97. mangala, family: mancala. 1989, 178-179. Murray 1952, Parlett 1999, 180. Sheppard See moungala. 211. & Wilkinson 2000, 29. mangala, family: mancala. mehen, family: mehen. mingma, family: draughts. See um el tuweisat. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 120- Sources: Murray 1952, 82. mangala, family: mancala. 121. Bell 1988, 11, 104-105. minoret, family: mancala. See um el-bagara. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 64. See fallas. mangalpata, family: al- Kendall 2007, 33-45. Parlett mlyn, family: merels. See querque. See mogol putt’han. 1999, 89. Pusch 2007, 82- nine men’s morris. mankala’h, family: mancala. 84. Roth¨ohler1999, 10-23. mogol putt’han, family: al- Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:113- a.k.a. coiled snake, snake querque. Sources: Boter- 115. game [the]. mans et al 1989, 114. Culin manu, family: fox & geese. melnichny, family: merels. 1896, 875. Murray 1952, See fox & geese. See nine men’s morris. 67-68. Parker 1909, 582. mar, family: alquerque. See melnitsa, family: merels. See Parlett 1999, 246. Shur- mogol putt’han. nine men’s morris. reef & Herklots 1832, appx. marella, marelle, marelli, mensub, family: mancala. liii. a.k.a. athara guti, marro, family: alquerque. athara gutiala teoria, ban-

23 gale, baz, dam, dam hariman, m¨uhle, m¨uhlenspiel, family: nah, family: mancala. hewakam-keliya, mangal- merels. See nine men’s mor- Sources: Murray 1952, 187. pata, mar, mughal-pathan, ris. a.k.a. i na. shanzdahu-kattaru, sixteen mulinello, family: merels. nam-nam, family: mancala. soldiers, solah-guttiya, tic- See nine men’s morris. Sources: Parlett 1999, 212- cha, uno-alti-tashu. mulinello doppio, family: la- 213. a.k.a. oware adi. molenspel, family: merels. trunculi. Sources: Fiske nambidi, family: mancala. See nine men’s morris. 1905, 107-108. Sources: Murray 1952, 210. m¨olle, family: merels. See mulinello triplo, family: a.k.a. chisolo. nine men’s morris. merels. Sources: Fiske 1905, nao-guti, family: merels. See Mongolian chess, family: 108. nine men’s morris. chess. Sources: Parlett 1999, mulinello quadruple, mu- naranj, family: mancala. 296. linello quadruplo, family: Sources: Culin 1894, 600. moo, family: fox & geese. See merels. Sources: Bell 1979 Murray 1952, 170. fox & geese. [4], 2:57. Bell & Cornelius nard, family: tables. Sources: mooru mane ata, family: 1988, 12. Fiske 1905, 108. Botermans 2008, 689-698. merels. See nine holes. Murray 1952, 50. Murray 1952, 113-115. Par- morahha, family: mancala. mulino, family: merels. See lett 1999, 74-75. a.k.a. nard- Sources: Murray 1952, 224. three men’s morris. shir. moulin [jeu de], family: mungala, family: mancala. nard, family: latrunculi. merels. See nine men’s mor- Sources: Culin, 601. Sources: Murray 1952, 54. ris. murabamba, family: merels. Parlett 1999, 239. moultezim, family: tables. Sources: Zaslavsky 2003, 23- nardshir, family: tables. See Sources: Parlett 1999, 78. 25. nard. Pritchard 2007, 27. musinaykahwhanmetowaywinnatatu, , family: mancala. See moungala, family: mancala. family: fox & geese. See fox chisolo. Sources: Murray 1952, 194. & geese. natt klab ash-shawk, fam- a.k.a. mangala. mutingwano, family: man- ily: alquerque. See high msuwa, family: mancala. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, jump. Sources: Murray 1952, 212. 224. nchuwa, family: mancala. msuwa wa kunja, family: mweiso, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 209- mancala. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 210. 1952, 212. 217. a.k.a. bahendagabo, nchwomba, family: mancala. mu torere. Sources: As- ruweisho. Sources: Murray 1952, 209. trop 1980, 13. Bell 1979 [4], mweso, family: mancala. a.k.a. nsoli. 2:149-151. Bell 1979 [5], 42- Sources: Murray 1952, 199. ndim-ndum, family: man- 43. Bell 1980, 48-49. Bell a.k.a. akileyisit, okusora. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 1988, 50. Bell & Cornelius mweso, family: mancala. 189. 1988, 12-13. Botermans et Sources: Murray 1952, 217- ne’baku’thana, family: zohn al 1989, 143-145. Loader & 219. Pritchard 2007, 19-20. ahl. Sources: Murray 1952, Loader 1993, 43-47. Murray myles, family: tables. 155. a.k.a. tson¨a. 1952, 93. Parlett 1999, 160- Sources: Murray 1952, 123. negensticken, family: 161. Sheppard & Wilkinson Parlett 1999, 79-80. merels. See nine men’s mor- 2000, 24. mylis, family: tables. ris. mudrunggum, family: tiger Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:19. nei-pat-ko-no. See four field game. Sources: Murray mylys, family: tables. kono. 1952, 111. Sources: Strutt 1903, 249. nerenchi, family: merels. See mughal-pathan, family: al- mylna, family: merels. See nine holes. querque. See mogol putt’han. nine men’s morris.

24 nerenchi, family: merels. See at-tan ‘ashari, dris at-tis‘a, ray 1952, 142. Parlett 1999, three men’s morris. dubbel-qvarn, dugh, duqur- 40-42. Pritchard 2007, 13. nerenchi, nerenchi keliya, jin, filo, filo-mulino, filetto, Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, family: merels. Sources: k‘ab al-baidar, larger merels 189-194. a.k.a. yut. Murray 1952, 47. Parker [the], malmosdi, malomjatek, nyuwunu bo ana ya, 1909, 577-580. Zaslavsky mar`ene, marro, melnichny, nyuwunu bouh ana yai, 2003, 22. melnitsa, m´erelles, mlyn, family: mancala. See nine holes, family: merels. molenspel, m¨olle, moulin gamma. Sources: Murray 1952, 39- [jeu de], m¨uhle, m¨uhlenspiel, o-pat-ko-no, family: halma. 40. Parlett 1999, 115-116. mulinello, mylna, nao-guti, See five field kono. Vasantha 2003, 26-27. Za- negensticken, paggada ata, oblong chess, family: chess. slavsky 2003, 4-7. a.k.a. aki- paitariya, picaria, pitarilla, Sources: Murray 1913, 340- dada, char pur, chikkiri, dri- qvarn, real, riga di noue, riz, 341. a.k.a. al-mamduda, al- esticken, dris ath-thalatha, schafzagel, sgjoug, sidere, si- mustatila, at-tawila. jara-bad`akh, kleine mooru perde, smerelli, tavola, tavola obridjie, family: mancala. mane ata, m¨uhlenspiel, di molino, tria, triodi, trique, Sources: Murray 1952, 185- nerenchi, nulochen, san- yakamaido. 186, 187. Zaslavsky 2003, 39- noku-narabe, tre-guti, trip ninuki renju, family: go 41. a.k.a. adi, adzua, lok. trap trul. moku. Sources: Bell 1979 oca [giuoco dell’], family: nine men’s morris, fam- [5], 127. mehen. See goose [the game ily: merels. Sources: Anon njombwa, family: mancala. of]. 1989, 246-248. Bell 1979 Sources: Murray 1952, 208- oca [juego de la], family: [4], 1:93-95. Bell 1979 [5], 209. mehen. See goose [the game 142-144. Bell 1980, 50- noughts & crosses, family: of]. 51. Bell 1988, 45, 76-77. merels. Sources: Bell 1979 ochi, family: mancala. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 8-9. [4], 1:91. Bell 1979 [5], 145. Sources: Murray 1952, 224. Botermans et al 1989, 104- Bell 1988, 45. Bell & Cor- ofanfelling, ofan- 106. Botermans 2008, 55- nelius 1988, 5-6. Botermans fellingartafl, family: tables. 64. Cassell 1896, 397-398. et al 1989, 103. Botermans Sources: Murray 1952, 121. Culin 1907, 793, 797f, 798. 2008, 68. Cassell 1896, 829. Parlett 1999, 76. Fiske 1905, 97-146. Gomme Gomme 1894, 311, 420-421. officers & men, family: fox 1894, 414-420. Grunfeld Gomme 1898, 295-296. Mur- & geese. See asalto. 1975, 59-61. Loader & ray 1952, 40. Parlett 1999, officers & sepoys, family: Loader 1993, 27-29. Love 112. Zaslavsky 2003, 8-10. fox & geese. See asalto. 1978, 62-63. Murray 1952, a.k.a. kit cat kannio, tic-tac- ogori, family: mancala. 43-48. Parlett 1999, 118- toe, tick-tack-toe, tik tak tol, Sources: Murray 1952, 183. 120. Pritchard 1982, 128- tip-tap-toe, tit-tat-toe, tripp ohohla. Culin 1907, 794. 131. Pritchard 2007, 28-29. trapp trull. oie [jeu de l’], family: mehen. Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, nsoli, family: mancala. See See goose [the game of]. 29-33. Sch¨adler2000, 112- nchwomba. okusora, family: mancala. 116. Sheppard & Wilkin- nulochen, family: merels. See mweso. son 2000, 9. Strutt 1841, See nine holes. okwe, family: mancala. 317-318. Vasantha 2003, nyout. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], Sources: Murray 1952, 185. 27. Walker 2014, 95- 1:2-4. Bell 1979 [5], 32-33. okwe, family: mancala. 110. Zaslavsky 2003, 18-20. Bell 1980, 12-14. Bell 1988, Sources: Murray 1952, 187- a.k.a. akidada, alquerque de 8-9. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 188. nueve, awithlaknannai, bara- 59-60. Botermans 2008, 641- okwe, family: mancala. guti pait pait, bidaria, cas- 654. Culin 1895b, 66-76. Sources: Murray 1952, 189. tro, doppel-m¨uhle, dris, dris Culin 1896, 681-685. Mur-

25 okwe, family: mancala. 12. Bell 1979 [5], 110-111. Whitehill 1999, 124. Sources: Murray 1952, 191- Bell 1980, 14-16. Bell 1988, parchis, family: pachisi. See 192. 9-10. Bell & Cornelius 1988, barjis. okwe, family: mancala. 62-64. Botermans 2008, pareia de entrada, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 192 189-198. Cassell 1896, 819. tables. See puff. [7.5.57]. Culin 1896, 851-854. Grun- p´as´a, family: pachisi. See okwe, family: mancala. feld 1975, 27-29. Falkener chausar. Sources: Murray 1952, 192 1892, 257-262. Murray 1952, pasa. Sources: Depaulis 1998, [7.5.58]. 135, 136. Parker 1909, 32. okwe, family: mancala. 619-621. Parlett 1999, 42- pasang. Sources: Bell 1980, Sources: Murray 1952, 194. 46. Pritchard 2007, 14-15. 19-21. Bell 1988, 52. okwe, family: mancala. See Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, pasit, family: pachisi. ako okwe. 41-48. Shurreef & Herklots Sources: Culin 1896, 856. olinda keliya, family: man- 1832, appx. lii-liii. Vasantha Murray 1952, 135-136. a.k.a. cala. Sources: Bell 1988, 57- 2003, 32-33. Walker 2014, ansah pyit-thi, chwe pyit-thi. 58. Parker 1909, 587-594. de 17-34. a.k.a. bakkis, patch- pataballang, family: tables. Voogt 2000, 91-99. esi. Sources: Murray 1952, 116. omana guntalu, family: padagang, family: tables. patchesi, family: pachisi. See mancala. See chenne mane See adagang. pachisi. ata. paggada ata, family: merels. patok. See go. on-moul-ko-no, family: See nine men’s morris. patol, family: zohn ahl. horseshoe. See pong hau pahada keliya, family: Sources: Botermans et al k’i. pachisi. Sources: Murray 1989, 160. Murray 1952, 153. ot-jin, family: mancala. See 1952, 134. Parker 1909, 611- a.k.a. tugea. aw-li on-nam ot-tjin. 614. patol, family: zohn ahl. Othello. See reversi. paika, family: mancala. See Sources: Murray 1952, 151. ouranomachia. Sources: katra. patolli, family: pachisi. Forbes 1860, 138. paitariya, family: merels. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:6-9. oura, family: mancala. See See nine men’s morris. Bell 1979 [5], 108-109. Bell aware. pallam kuzhi, pallamkurie, 1988, 155. Bell & Cornelius oware adi, family: mancala. pallanguli, pallankuli, 1988, 61. Culin 1896, 854- See nam-nam. family: mancala. Sources: 855. Murray 1952, 147. Par- owasakut, owasokotz, fam- Bell 1979 [4], 1:115-116. Bell lett 1999, 51-54. Verbeeck ily: zohn ahl. Sources: Culin 1980, 63-64. Bell 1988, 55- 1998, 92-93. 1907, 120. Murray 1952, 153. 56. Murray 1952, 169-170. paume carie, paumecary, a.k.a. wasokuts. Parlett 1999, 219-219. family: tables. Sources: pachgarhwa, family: man- pallankuli, family: mancala. Murray 1952, 120. Parlett cala. Sources: Murray 1952, See chonku. 1999, 76. Strutt 1903, 249. 169. palm tree game [the]. See paumecary, family: tables. pachih, family: pachisi. dogs & jackals. See puff. Sources: Murray 1952, 136. palms. See dogs & jackals. pedreria, family: merels. See pachˆıs, family: pachisi. pancha, pancha keliya, three men’s morris. Sources: Culin 1896, 856. panche, family: (race). peki, family: mancala. pachis, family: pachisi. See Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:1- Sources: Murray 1952, 201. pichas. 2. Murray 1952, 140-141. pendus [les], family: merels. pachis, family: pachisi. See Parker 1909, 609-610.a.k.a. Sources: Murray 1952, 39. sokkatan. five game [the]. pente grammai. Sources: pachisi, family: pachisi. parcheesi, family: pachisi. Murray 1952, 28-29. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:9- Sources: Parlett 1999, 48-49. Sch¨adler2009, 169-192.

26 perali kotuma, perali ko- 1988, 37. Murray 1952, 170-172. tuwa, peralikatuma, fam- plakato, plakoto, family: ta- Parker 1909, 594-597. ily: alquerque. Sources: bles. Sources: Bell 1988, pulijudam, family: leopard Botermans et al 1989, 114- 20-21. Parlett 1999, 83. game. Sources: Astrop 1980, 115. Grunfeld 1975, 40. Pritchard 2007, 27. a.k.a. 7. Bell 1979 [4], 2:47-48. Murray 1952, 68. Parker tavli. Bell 1980, 39-40. Bell & 1909, 583-584. Provenzo & planks. Sources: Botermans Cornelius 1988, 43. Boter- Provenzo 1990, 80-84. 2008, 497-512. mans et al 1989, 153. Murray perea¨uni, family: mancala. plein, family: tables. Sources: 1952, 107. Parlett 1999, 195- Sources: Murray 1952, 215- Murray 1952, 126. 196. Zaslavsky 2003, 31-32. 216. poddavki, family: draughts. a.k.a. lambs and tigers, leop- perseverance game, family: See losing draughts. ard game [the], tiger, tiger mancala. See ise-ozin-egbe. poleis, polis, family: latrun- game [the]. Persian chess, family: chess. culi. See petteia. puluc. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], See chatrang. Polish checkers, Polish 1:89-90. Bell 1979 [5], 94- pesos, pessos. family: la- draughts, family: draughts. 95. Murray 1952, 149. Par- trunculi See petteia. See continental draughts. lett 1999, 226-227. Verbeeck petit trictrac, family: tables. pon chochotl, family: al- 1998, 85-90. a.k.a. boolik, Sources: Murray 1952, 124- querque. See aiyawatstani. bul. 125. a.k.a. dickedack, tric- pon chochotl, family: tiger puma. Sources: Depaulis trac. game. See cercar la liebre. 1998, 34. petteia, family: latrunculi. pong hau k’i, family: horse- pyramid, family: halma. Sources: Forbes 1860, ap- shoe. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:57- pendix xviii-xxi. Murray 2:56. Bell 1980, 48. Bell 58. Bell 1979 [5], 29. Boter- 1952, 27. Parlett 1999, 234. 1988, 50. Bell & Cornelius mans et al 1989, 109. Strutt 1903, 254. a.k.a. pe- 1988, 12. Culin 1895b, 101. qamish uyuni, family: sos, pessos, poleis, polis. Murray 1952, 92. Parlett tablan. See tˆab. philosophers’ game [the]. 1999, 160. a.k.a. do-guti, on- qancebie, family: mancala. See rithmomachia. moul-ko-no, sua tok tong. Sources: Murray 1952, 195. picaria, family: merels. poo, family: mancala. qatranj, family: chess. See Sources: Culin 1907, 797f, Sources: Culin 1894, 601. atranj. 798. poo, family: mancala. See Queah game [the], (un- picaria, family: merels. See kpo. named), family: yot´e. nine men’s morris. pretwa, family: alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 83. pichas, family: pachisi. Sources: Murray 1952, 71. Parlett 1999, 247. Sources: Murray 1952, 136. Parlett 1999, 245. quecho, family: (race). a.k.a. pachis. provincial game [the], fam- Sources: Murray 1952, 147- piprjall, family: tables. ily: tables. Sources: Bell 148. Sources: Murray 1952, 127. 1979 [4], 2:17. Murray 1952, quechucague, quechucayu. Parlett 1999, 79. 123. Parlett 1999, 84. Strutt See kechukawe. pisca, piscasitha. Sources: 1903, 249. queen’s game [the], family: Depaulis 1998, 32-33. a.k.a. puff, puff-spiel, family: ta- tables. See doublets. huairu, wayrusitha. bles. Sources: Murray queen’s guard [the], pitarilla, family: merels. See 1952, 128. Parlett 1999, queen’s guards. See agon. nine men’s morris. 76. a.k.a. buf, buffa, buffa quince, family: zohn ahl. pitarilla, family: merels. See cortese, pareia de entrada, Sources: Culin 1907, 153- three men’s morris. paumecary. 154. Murray 1952, 155. plaisant [le jeu], family: puhulmuti, puhulmutu, a.k.a. intuvigai zuli gairagai, draughts. Sources: Bell family: mancala. Sources: kezute, romavoa.

27 quince, family: zohn ahl. See Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 127. Stigter 2007, 263-269. Strutt tugi’-e-pfe. Bell 1980, 51-52. Botermans 1903, 254-255. a.k.a. ludus quinze tablas [las], family: 2008, 415-424. Parlett 1999, philosophorum, philosophers’ tables. Sources: Murray 124-125. Pritchard 1982, game [the]. 1952, 121-122. Parlett 1999, 140-144. Pritchard 2007, 72- ritterspiel, family: fox & 83. 73. W´agner& Vir´ag2001, geese. Sources: Parlett 1999, quirach, family: alquerque. 30-35. Walker 2014, 207-224. 191. See fetach. retour [jeu de], family: ta- riz, family: merels. See nine qvarn, family: merels. See bles. See grand trictrac. men’s morris. nine men’s morris. reverquur, family: tables. romanos recontrat [los], rabattu´ees, family: tables. See verquere. family: tables. See recontrat. Sources: Murray 1952, 121. reversi. Sources: Anon 1989, romavoa, family: zohn ahl. Parlett 1999, 76. a.k.a. 222-225. Bell 1979 [4], 1:74. See quince. dames aval´ees, dames rab- Bell 1979 [5], 28. Bell 1980, royal game of goose [the], batu´ees, tables aval´ees, tables 37. Bell 1988, 49. Boter- family: mehen. See goose rabbatu´ees. mans 2008, 527-540. Murray [the game of]. rafaya, family: leopard game. 1952, 92. Parlett 1999, 178- royal game of Ur [the], fam- Sources: Murray 1952, 107. 180. Pritchard 1982, 145- ily: senet. Sources: Becker Parker 1909, 581. a.k.a. de- 150. Pritchard 2007, 38-39. 2007, 11-15. Bell 1979 [4], mala diviyan keliya, koti sel- Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, 1:23-26. Bell 1979 [5], 82. lama. 214-218. a.k.a. Othello. Bell 1980, 6. Bell 1988, 94- r¨afspel, family: fox & geese. revertier, family: tables. See 95. Botermans et al 1989, See fox & geese. verquere. 22-25. Botermans 2008, 711- rakado, family: halma. riga, family: alquerque. See 722. Finkel 2007, 16-32. Sources: Parlett 1999, 124- alquerque. Grunfeld 1975, 57-58. Mur- 135. riga di noue, family: merels. ray 1952, 19-21. Parlett ratti-chitti-bakri, family: See nine men’s morris. 1999, 63-65. alquerque. Sources: Bell riga di tre, family: merels. Russian backgammon, fam- 1988, 37. Murray 1952, See three men’s morris. ily: tables. See lange puff. 68. a.k.a. dam-daman, rimau, rimau-rimau, fam- ruweisho, family: mancala. dandaman, meurim¨ueng- ily: tiger game. Sources: See mweiso. rim¨uengpe¨uetploh. Botermans et al 1989, 154- sacred way [the game of real, family: merels. See nine 155. Murray 1952, 108. the], family: senet. See men’s morris. a.k.a. tiger. twenty squares [the game of]. recontrat, family: tables. rimau-rimau, family: tiger saddiqiya, family: mancala. Sources: Murray 1952, 128. game. Sources: Botermans See togatog. Parlett 1999, 77-78. a.k.a. et al 1989, 155. Murray 1952, sadurangam, family: ashta- romanos recontrat [los]. 109-110. pada. Sources: Botermans ref-skak, family: fox & geese. rimoe, family: tiger game. et al 1989, 34. Murray 1952, See fox & geese. Sources: Murray 1952, 109. 131. Parker 1909, 607-608. renard [le jeu de], fam- ringo. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], Parlett 1999, 56. a.k.a. siga. ily: perugian game. Sources: 116-117. Bell 1980, 46-47. s´ahkku, family: tablan. Murray 1952, 106. Parlett rithmomachia, rithmo- Sources: Borvo 2001, 33-52. 1999, 189-190. machy. Sources: Bell 1979 Depaulis 2001, 77-82. renard et les poules, family: [5], 136-137. Bell 1980, 68- sai, family: mancala. Sources: fox & geese. See fox & geese. 72. Bell & Cornelius 1988, Murray 1952, 175. renette, family: tables. See 75-77. Botermans 2008, saka, family: tables. Sources: doublets. 585-618. Murray 1952, 84- Culin 1895a, 501. renju, family: go moku. 87. Parlett 1999, 332-342. salta, family: halma. Sources:

28 Bell 1979 [4], 2:58-59. Boter- schuster, family: tables. ily: leopard game. See hat mans et al 1989, 109. Boter- Sources: Murray 1952, 126. diviyan keliya. mans 2008, 33-44. Murray Parlett 1999, 86. seys, dos e as [el], family: ta- 1952, 52. Parlett 1999, 135. seega, family: latrunculi. bles. Sources: Murray 1952, sam k’i, family: merels. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:82- 123. Parlett 1999, 79. a.k.a. Sources: Culin 1895b, 102. 84. Bell 1979 [5], 80-81. Bell six deuce ace. Murray 1952, 47. a.k.a. chuk 1988, 23. Murray 1952, 54- sgjoug, family: merels. See sam, kontjil. 55. Botermans et al 1989, nine men’s morris. san-kuo-k’i, san-kuo-qi, 122-123. Lane 1836, 58- shah, family: merels. Sources: family: chess. Sources: Mur- 60. Love 1979, 8. Parker Parlett 1999, 120. ray 1913, 133-134. Parlett 1909, 603-604. Parlett 1999, shah, family: merels. Sources: 1999, 329. Pritchard 2007, 238. Pritchard 2007, 12. Murray 1952, 48. 57. a.k.a. three kingdoms Provenzo & Provenzo 1990, shantarad, family: latrun- [game of the]. 161-166. a.k.a. bub, kharbga, culi. See seega. san-nokunarabe, family: Man in the Moon, shantarad, shanzdahu-kattaru, fam- merels. See nine holes. siga, sija, syredg´e, ufuba wa ily: alquerque. See mogol santaraj, family: merels. See haluna. putt’han. three men’s morris. seega. Sources: Bell & Cor- shap luk kon tsu tseung sat-gol, family: mancala. nelius 1988, 11. kwan, family: tiger game. Sources: Murray 1952, 170. semplice mulinello, family: Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:48- satill, family: zohn ahl. merels. See three men’s mor- 49. Bell 1979 [5], 66-67. Bell Sources: Culin 1907, 87-88, ris. 1988, 26. Botermans et al 90-91. Murray 1952, 152. sen’t, senat, family: senet. 1989, 148-149. Culin 1896, a.k.a. setichch’, tsaydithi, See senet. 874-875. Murray 1952, 100- tsay-dithl, tze-chis’, zsetilth’. senat, family: latrunculi. 101. Parlett 1999, 192-193. satoel, family: alquerque. Sources: Falkener 1892, 63- Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000, Sources: Murray 1952, 70. 82, 358-359. 26. a.k.a. shi liu kan tsiang saturankam, family: ashta- senet, family: senet. Sources: k¨un, sixteen soldiers. pada. Sources: Botermans Bell 1979 [4], 1:26-29. Bell sharaione, family: tables. et al 1989, 35. Murray 1952, 1979 [5], 82-83. Bell 1980, See barail. 130. Parker 1909, 605-607. 6-7. Bell 1988, 16-17. Bell shashki, family: draughts. Parlett 1999, 56. a.k.a. siga. & Cornelius 1988, 55-56. Sources: Botermans 2008, Saxon hnefatafl, family: Botermans et al 1989, 16- 569. Murray 1952, 79-80. hnefatafl. Sources: Bell 18. Botermans 2008, 163- Parlett 1999, 262. a.k.a. 1979 [4], 1:79-81. Bell 1988, 172. Grunfeld 1975, 53- dama, dame, damki. 24. Botermans et al 1989, 55. Falkener 1892, 16, 101. shatranj, family: chess. 119-120. Botermans 2008, Kendall 1978. Murray 1952, Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:57- 485-492. Parlett 1999, 202. 13, 17. Parlett 1999, 66-68. 61. Bell 1988, 29. Fiske Walker 2013, 47-55. a.k.a. Piccione 2007, 54-63. a.k.a. 1905, 1-9. Forbes 1860, 46- alea evangelii, gospel game sen’t, senat, thirty squares 134. Murray 1913, 220-338, [the]. [the game of] &c. Parlett 1999, 296-299. sbaraglino, family: tables. serup, family: zohn ahl. a.k.a. chess, Islamic chess. See baralie. Sources: Murray 1952, 155. shatranj al-husun, family: sbaraglio, family: tables. See set dilth’, family: zohn ahl. chess. See citadel chess. barail. Sources: Culin 1907, 88-89. shatranj al-kabir, family: schaap en wolf, family: fox Murray 1952, 152. chess. See Tamerlane’s & geese. See fox & geese. setichch’, family: zohn ahl. chess. schafzagel, family: merels. See satill. shatranj al-kammat, family: See nine men’s morris. seven leopards [the], fam- chess. Sources: Forbes 1860,

29 135. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], sipchi kat, family: alquerque. shatranj as-sa‘idiya [ash-], 2:33-38. Bell 1980, 27- See dam pusri. shatranj as-su‘diya [ash-], 29. Botermans et al 1989, sitta, family: tablan. See tˆab. family: chess. Sources: Mur- 137-139. Botermans 2008, sitih, family: zohn ahl. ray 1913, 342. 107-140.Culin 1896, 867- Sources: Murray 1952, 152. shatranj kabir, family: 868. Falkener 1892, 156-176. sittuyin, family: chess. chess. Sources: Murray Grunfeld 1975, 77-83. Mur- Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:28- 1913, 347. a.k.a. great chess. ray 1913, 138-146. Parlett 30. Bell 1980, 24-26. Culin shatranj kamil, family: 1999, 291-294. Pritchard 1896, 859-860. Falkener chess. See Tamerlane’s 1982, 155-164. Pritchard 1892, 178-190. Forbes 1860, chess. 2007, 58. a.k.a. Japanese 258-262. Murray 1913, 109- shatranj shir bakri, fam- chess. 113. Parlett 1999, 294-295. ily: perugian game. Sources: sho’liwe, family: zohn ahl. a.k.a. Burmese chess, chit- Murray 1952, 106. a.k.a. Sources: Culin 1907, 213- thareen. lion and goats chess. 219. Murray 1952, 154. sixe-ace, family: tables. shatranji mamduda, family: a.k.a. cane arrows. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:39- chess. Sources: Forbes 1860, shwan-liu, family: tables. 41. Strutt 1903, 248. a.k.a. 138. a.k.a. tawila. See sugoroku. sice-ace. shatranji mudauwira, fam- si-perde, family: merels. See six deuce ace, family: tables. ily: chess. See circular chess. nine men’s morris. See seys, dos e as [el]. shaturanga, family: chess. Siamese chess, family: chess. six men’s morris, family: See chaturaji. See makruk. merels. Sources: Anon 1989, shayo, family: mancala. See siang k’i, family: chess. See 248. Bell 1979 [4], 1:92. ayoayo. xiangqi. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 7- sher-bakar, family: tiger sice-ace, family: tables. See 8. Botermans et al 1989, game. Sources: Murray sixe-ace. 104. Botermans 2008, 59. 1952, 111. sidere, family: merels. See Murray 1952, 42-43. Parlett shields. See dogs & jackals. nine men’s morris. 1999, 117-118. Provenzo & shi liu kan tsiang k¨un, fam- Siege of Paris. Sources: Bell Provenzo 1990, 34-35. Za- ily: tiger game. See shap luk 1979 [5], 98-101. Bell 1988, slavsky 2003, 16-17. a.k.a. kon tsu tseung kwan. 43-44, 88-89. Love 1978, 44- achi, akidada, ati, m´erelles `a shimunana, family: mancala. 45. six tables, smerelli. Sources: Murray 1952, 211- siga, family: ashtapada. sixpenny madell, family: 212. a.k.a. tshuba. Sources: Parlett 1999, 56. merels. Sources: Murray shing kun t’o, family: pro- siga, family: alquerque. 1952, 43. Parlett 1999, 117- motion game. Sources: Bell Sources: Murray 1952, 82. 118. & Cornelius 1988, 65-67. siga, family: tablan. Sources: sixteen soldiers, family: Culin 1889, 18-21. Culin Murray 1952, 96-97. tiger game. See juroku 1895a, 504-507. Culin 1896, siga, family: alquerque. See musashi. 820. Murray 1952, 144-146. high jump. sixteen soldiers, family: al- Parlett 1999, 94. a.k.a. man- siga, family: ashtapada. See querque. See mogol putt’han. darin promotion [the game sadurangam. sixteen soldiers, family: of]. siga, family: ashtapada. See tiger game. See shap luk shing kun t’o, family: pro- saturankam. kon tsu tseung kwan. motion game. Sources: Mur- siga, sija, family: latrunculi. sixteen soldiers [the], fam- ray 1952, 146. See seega. ily: alquerque. Sources: Bell shiva, family: dara. See dara. sija el taba, sijat el taba, 1979 [4], 1:51. Bell 1979 sho-gi, sho-ngi, sho-shogi, family: tablan. Sources: [5], 64-65. Bell & Cornelius shogi, family: chess. Murray 1952, 96. 1988, 41-42.

30 sleeping tigers, family: tiger songo, family: mancala. sujjua, family: merels. game. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 185. Sources: Murray 1952, 47. 1952, 112. Spanish draughts, family: sullusie, family: mancala. smaller merels [the], family: draughts. Sources: Murray Sources: Murray 1952, 195. merels. See three men’s mor- 1952, 78-79. Parlett 1999, sunka, family: mancala. ris. 258-260. a.k.a. damas. Sources: Bell 1988, 55, 110- smerelli, family: merels. See spies. See conspirators [the]. 111. five men’s morris. spoil five, family: go moku. sunoroku, family: tables. See smerelli, family: merels. See See go moku. sugoroku. nine men’s morris. spreta, family: mancala. Surakarta. Sources: Bell smerelli, family: merels. See Sources: Murray 1952, 210- 1979 [5], 96-97. Bell 1980, six men’s morris. 211. 32-33. Parlett 1999, 249-250. smerelli, family: merels. See srand, family: alquerque. See Pritchard 2007, 35. three men’s morris. zamma. sute, family: mancala. smugglers & customs offi- srid-pai khorio, family: pro- Sources: Murray 1952, 213. cers, family: halma. See In- motion game. Sources: Par- svensk br¨adspel, family: ta- dians & trappers. lett 1999, 94. a.k.a. circle of bles. See verquere. snail, family: mehen. life. syredg´e, family: latrunculi. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 122- srid-pai khorio, family: pro- See seega. 123. Bell 1988, 22. motion game. Sources: Mur- sz’kwa, family: go. Bell & snake, family: mehen. ray 1952, 147. Cornelius 1988, 14-15. Sources: Culin 1896, 842. ssang-ryouk, family: tables. t’shu-p’u, family: pachisi. Murray 1952, 143. Sources: Culin 1895a, 499- Sources: Botermans et al snake game [the], family: 500. Culin 1895b, 79-80. 1989, 35-37. mehen. See mehen. Culin 1896, 849-851. tˆab, tˆab al-qasab, tˆab snakes & ladders, family: ssang-ryouk, family: tables. wa dukk, family: tablan. (race). Sources: Bell 1979 See sugoroku. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:49- [5], 134-135. Bell 1988, 14- star halma, family: halma. 51. Culin 1896, 805-807. 15. Bell & Cornelius 1988, See Chinese checkers. Lane 1836, 2:55-58. Murray 6465. Botermans 2008, 19- stern-halma, family: halma. 1952, 95-96. Parlett 1999, 32. Love 1978, 22-23, 90-91. See Chinese checkers. 227-229. Walker 2014, 65-76. Murray 1952, 143. Parlett stone warriors [game of a.k.a. bazi qamdish, qamish 1999, 91-94. Pritchard 2007, the]. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], uyuni, sitta. 162. Provenzo & Provenzo 1:48-49. tabal, family: tables. Sources: 1990, 52-60. sua ghin gnua. Sources: Bell Culin 1895a, 502. Culin sokkatan, family: pachisi. 1979 [4], 2:42-43. Culin 1896, 1896, 849. Sources: Murray 1952, 135. 876. a.k.a. lay gwet kyah. tablan, family: tablan. a.k.a. pachis. sua tok tong, family: horse- Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:87- solah-guttiya, family: al- shoe. See pong hau k’i. 89. Bell 1979 [5], 58-59. querque. See mogol putt’han. sugoroku, family: tables. Bell 1980, 61-63. Bell 1988, soldiers’ eight-way hunt Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 92- 26-27. Parlett 1999, 133, [the], family: tiger game. 93. Culin 1889, 15-17. 229-230. See yasasukari musashi. Culin 1895a, 502-504. Culin tablas reales, family: tables. solitario, family: tiger game. 1896, 841. Murray 1952, See backgammon. Sources: Culin 1896, 876. 115. a.k.a. shwan-liu, ssang- tables aval´ees, family: ta- Murray 1952, 100. ryouk, sunoroku. bles. See rabbatu´ees. sonaru, family: pachisi. See sugoroku. Sources: For- tables rabbatu´ees, family: asi keliya. manek & Linhart 2002, 39- tables. See rabbatu´ees. 64. tablut, family: hnefatafl.

31 Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:77- Sources: Botermans et al Thai chess, family: chess. 79. Bell 1979 [5], 34-35. Bell 1989, 160. Murray 1952, 152. See makruk. 1980, 41-42. Bell & Cor- a.k.a. wooden canes. thirty squares [the game nelius 1988, 44-45. Boter- tatsungin. Sources: Parlett of], family: senet. See senet. mans et al 1989, 121. Lin- 1999, 37-38. three in a row, family: naeus 1811, 2:55-58. Murray tau, family: latrunculi. See merels. See line of three. 1913, 445-446. Murray 1952, ludus latrunculorum. three kingdoms [game of 63-64. Parlett 1999, 203- tau, family: senet. See twenty the], family: chess. See san- 204. Pritchard 1982, 176- squares [the game of]. kuo-qi. 180. Walker 2013, 11-22. tavli, family: tables. See three men’s morris, fam- Walker 2014, 165-188. plakoto. ily: merels. Sources: Anon tabula, family: tables. tavola, tavola di molino, 1989, 248. Bell 1979 [4], Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:34- family: merels. See nine 1:91-92. Bell 1979 [5], 145. 37. Bell 1980, 8-10. Bell men’s morris. Bell & Cornelius 1988, 6- & Cornelius 1988, 56-57. tavole reale, family: tables. 7. Botermans et al 1989, Botermans et al 1989, 29- See backgammon. 35, 103. Botermans 2008, 31. Botermans 2008, 557- tavole reale, family: tables. 58. Culin 1907, 797-798. 568. Fiske 1905, 69. Murray See todas tablas. Fiske 1905, 97. Murray 1952, 31-33. Parlett 1999, tavoletta, family: merels. See 1952, 40-42. Parlett 1999, 72. a.k.a. alea. three men’s morris. 116-117. Pritchard 2007, tæfl, tafl, family: hnefatafl. tawfa, family: zohn ahl. 29. Provenzo & Provenzo See hnefatafl. Sources: Culin 1907, 208. 1990, 34-36. a.k.a. al- take me, family: chess. See Murray 1952, 152-153. querque de tres, ath-thalatha, losing chess. tawila, family: chess. See sha- bidaria, carabawg, carr´echi- Tamerlane’s chess, family: tranji mamduda. nois, cashlan gherra, castro, chess. Sources: Bell 1979 tawlbwrdd, family: hne- dris, fanorona telo, filetto, [4], 1:61. Falkener 1892, 197- fatafl. Sources: Bell 1979 filo, hujura, luk tsut k’i, 216. Forbes 1860, 138-154. [4], 2:43-45. Forbes 1860, marelles, marro, m´erelles, Murray 1913, 344-346. Par- appendix xlvii-liii. Murray mulino, nerenchi, pedreria, lett 1999, 313. a.k.a. great 1952, 62-63. Parlett 1999, pitarilla, riga di tre, santaraj, chess, shatranj al-kabir, sha- 202. Walker 2013, 23-29. semplice mulinello, smaller tranj kamil. a.k.a. dalwbrdd. merels [the], smerelli, tap- tamilnadi, family: mancala. tawula, family: tables. See atan, tavoletta, tic-tac-toe, Sources: Bell 1988, 56-57. Turkish backgammon. tin-guti pait pait, tres en tammam, family: ashtapada. tayam sonalu, family: raya, yih. Sources: Murray 1952, 131. pachisi. Sources: Murray ti, family: mancala. Sources: Parlett 1999, 56. 1952, 134-135. Parker 1909, Murray 1952, 184. tams, family: draughts. 617-619. tiau-qi, family: halma. See Sources: Bell 1988, 39. terh¨uch¨u, family: alquerque. Chinese checkers. tananako. Sources: Depaulis Sources: Murray 1952, 66. tic-tac-toe, family: merels. 1998, 34. terh¨uch¨u, family: alquerque. See achi. tant fant, family: merels. Sources: Murray 1952, 68. tic-tac-toe, tick-tack-toe, Sources: Murray 1952, 42. testa, family: tables. See family: merels. See noughts a.k.a. epelle. ludus anglicorum. & crosses. tapatan, family: merels. See thaayam, family: ashtapada. tic-tac-toe, family: merels. three men’s morris. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:17- See three men’s morris. taptana, family: tiger game. 20. Botermans 2008, 723- ticcha, family: alquerque. See See komina. 732. Parlett 1999, 55-56. mogol putt’han. tasholiwe, family: zohn ahl. tick-tack, family: tables.

32 Sources: Strutt 1903, 248. 1999, 86. tres en raya, family: merels. tieste, family: tables. See toccateglio, family: tables. See three men’s morris. ludus anglicorum. Sources: Murray 1952, 126. tria, family: merels. See nine tiger, tiger game [the], fam- Parlett 1999, 86. a.k.a. men’s morris. ily: leopard game. See puli- tokkadille. trictrac, family: tables. judam. todas tablas, family: tables. Sources: Murray 1952, 125- tiger, family: tiger game. See Sources: Murray 1952, 122. 126. Parlett 1999, 86. a.k.a. rimau. Parlett 1999, 83. Strutt grand trictrac. tiger, tigers, family: tiger 1903, 248. a.k.a. Irish, tav- trictrac, family: tables. See game. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], ole reale, toutes tables. petit trictrac. 65. Parlett 1999, 194-195. tods & lambs, family: fox & triodi, family: merels. See tigers, family: tiger game. geese. See fox & geese. nine men’s morris. See mamatyang-matyang. togatog, family: mancala. trip trap trul, family: tigers & men, family: tiger Sources: Murray 1952, 195 merels. See nine holes. game. Sources: Murray a.k.a. saddiqiya. tripp trapp trull, family: 1952, 111. tokkadille, family: tables. merels. See noughts & tik tak tol, family: merels. See toccateglio. crosses. See noughts & crosses. totolospi, family: (race). trique, family: merels. See til guti, family: mancala. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:5. nine men’s morris. Sources: Murray 1952, 169. Botermans et al 1989, 159. tsaydithi, tsaydithl, family: tin-guti pait pait, family: Murray 1952, 149-150. Par- zohn ahl. See satill. merels. See three men’s mor- lett 1999, 38. ts´eung-k’, family: chess. See ris. totolospi, family: (war). xiang qi. tip-tap-toe, family: merels. Sources: Culin 1896, 879- tshuba, family: mancala. See noughts & crosses. 880. Culin 1907, 794f, 795- Sources: Murray 1952, 212- tit-tat-toe, family: merels. 796. Murray 1952, 64-65. 213. See noughts & crosses. Bell 1979 [4], 2:53-54. tshuba, family: mancala. See tjoeki. See chuki. totolospi, family: (race). shimunana. tjyang keui, family: chess. Sources: Botermans 1989, tsidil, family: zohn ahl. See changgi. 159. Murray 1952, 150-151. Sources: Murray 1952, 152. tjyong-kyeng-to, family: totolospi, family: (war). a.k.a. tsaydithl. promotion game. Sources: Culin 1907, 797. tsikehi, family: (race). Culin 1895b, 77-78. Culin tourne cas, tourne case, Sources: Murray 1952, 149. 1896, 820-822. Murray 1952, family: tables. Sources: As- a.k.a. hurdle. 146. Parlett 1999, 94. a.k.a. trop 1980, 3. Bell 1979 [4], tsindil, family: zohn ahl. See dignitaries [game of]. 1:38-39. Murray 1952, 121. tsidil. tjyong-kyeng-to, family: Parlett 1999, 86. tson¨a, family: mancala. See promotion game. Sources: toutes tables, family: tables. ne’baku’thana. Murray 1952, 146. a.k.a. See todas tablas. tsoro, family: mancala. Buddhist promotion game. Transvaal, family: fox & Sources: Murray 1952, 212. tobi-shogi. Sources: Murray geese. See asalto. tsoro yematatu, family: 1913, 147. Murray 1952, 82. tre-guti, family: merels. See merels. Sources: Zaslavsky Parlett 1999, 247. nine holes. 2003, 27. tobi-sugoroku, family: pro- treble fox & geese, family: tsotra, family: mancala. See motion game. Sources: Mur- fox & geese. Sources: Mur- katra. ray 1952, 146. a.k.a. jump- ray 1952, 104. tsun k’i. See coan ki. ing sugoroku. trebles, family: dara. tugea, family: zohn ahl. See toc, family: tables. Sources: Sources: Parlett 1999, 124. patol. Murray 1952, 126. Parlett

33 tugi’-e-pfe, family: zohn ahl. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, vultures & crows, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 153. 194. Zaslavsky 2003, 37-38. pentagram. See kaooa. a.k.a. quince. a.k.a. mangala. wa-wee, family: mancala. tuknanavuhpi, family: al- um el banat, family: man- Sources: Culin 1894, 605. querque. Sources: Culin cala. Sources: Murray 1952, wagu thinhamma, family: 1907, 794-795. Murray 1952, 196-197. alquerque. Sources: de 67. um el tuweisat, family: man- Voogt 2009, 36-39. Turkish backgammon, fam- cala. Sources: Murray 1952, walak-pussa, family: man- ily: tables. Sources: Culin 194. Zaslavsky 2003, 35-36. cala. Sources: Murray 1952, 1896, 849. Falkener 1892, a.k.a. mangala. 172-173. Parker 1909, 597- 255-256. Murray 1952, 116- unlearned [game of the], 598. 117. a.k.a. tawula. family: mancala. See li‘b al- walu, family: mancala. Turkish chess, family: chess. ghashim. Sources: Murray 1952, 183. Sources: Falkener 1892, 196- uno-alti-tashu, family: al- wakanpamugthae, family: 197. querque. See mogol putt’han. draughts. See draughts. Turkish draughts, family: uruheisho uruheso, family: warcaby, family: draughts. draughts. Sources: Bell mancala. See ikibuguzo. See dam. 1979 [4], 1:73-74, ii. 41. uthi, family: mancala. wari, family: mancala. Bell 1979 [5], 28. Falkener Sources: Murray 1952, 199. Sources: Anon 1989, 226- 1892, 237-238. Murray uugg, family: mancala. 228. Bell 1979 [4], 1:116- 1952, 82. Parlett 1999, Sources: Murray 1952, 195. 121. Bell 1988, 61. Bell 263-254. Pritchard 2007, vai lung thlan, family: man- & Cornelius 1988, 28-29. 34. a.k.a. atlanbaj, dama, cala. Sources: Murray 1952, Botermans et al 1989, 174- Graeco-Turkish draughts. 169. 175. Botermans 2008, 351- twelve men’s morris, fam- vamana guntalu, family: 364. Grunfeld 1975, 20-24. ily: merels. Sources: Bell mancala. See chenne mane Loader & Loader 1993, 143- 1979 [5], 144. Botermans ata. 145. Murray 1952, 181- et al 1989, 106-107. Par- vargen och f¨aren, family: 182, 185. Parker 1909, lett 1999, 119-120. Pritchard perugian game. See fox & 600-601. Parlett 1999, 2007, 29. Zaslavsky 2003, 22. geese. 209-210. Pritchard 1982, twenty [the game of], verkeer, family: tables. See 113-117. Pritchard 2007, twenty squares [the game verquere. 18. Provenzo & Provenzo of], family: senet. Sources: verkehren, family: tables. 1990, 115-118. Sheppard & Bell 1979 [5], 82. Bell 1988, See verquere. Wilkinson 2000, 6. Walker 15-16. Bell & Cornelius verkehren utan junker, 2014, 111-126. a.k.a. aghi, 1988, 54-55. Falkener 1892, family: tables. Sources: aw`el´e, ayo, ayoayo, kale, 15, 91-100, 360-361. Murray Murray 1952, 128. woro. 1952, 16, 17-18, 23. Parlett verkehrtes damenspiel wari, family: dara. Sources: 1999, 65-66. Pusch 2007, 69- [das], family: draughts. See Murray 1952, 49. Parlett 86. a.k.a. sacred way [the losing draughts. 1999, 123. game of the], tau. verquere, family: tables. wari, family: mancala. See twenty-six rebels, family: Sources: Murray 1952, 127. warre. tiger game. See yeung luk Parlett 1999, 78-79. Strutt warre, family: mancala. sz’kon tseung kwan. 1903, 249. a.k.a. forko- Sources: Murray 1952, 184. tze-chis’, family: zohn ahl. ering, kotra, reverquur, re- a.k.a. wari. See satill. vertier, svensk br¨adspel, ver- wash’kasi, family: zohn ahl. ufuba wa haluna, family: la- keer, verkehren. Sources: Culin 1907, 123- trunculi. See seega. volki ovtsy, family: fox & 124. Murray 1952, 155. um el-bagara, family: man- geese. See fox & geese. wasokuts, family: zohn ahl.

34 See owasokotz. 1913, 121-134. Parlett 1999, men’s morris. wayrusitha. See pisca. 288-290. Pritchard 1982, yot´e, family: yot´e. Sources: wei-ch’i, wei-qi. See go. 188-196. Pritchard 2007, 52- Bell 1988, 41. Grunfeld 1975, whyo, family: mancala. 57. Walker 2014, 141-164. 91. Sheppard & Wilkinson Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:77 a.k.a. Chinese chess, choo- 2000, 32. f. Murray 1952, 186. hong-ki, siang k’i, ts´eung-k’. yut. See nyout. wolo, family: mancala. See xuki. See chuki. zamma, family: alquerque. aware. yakamaido, family: merels. Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 148- wooden canes, family: zohn See nine men’s morris. 149. Botermans et al 1989, ahl. See tasholiwe. yasasukari musashi, family: 118. Murray 1952, 69. Par- wora, family: mancala. See tiger game. Sources: Mur- lett 1999, 246. a.k.a. srand. aware. ray 1952, 99-100. Culin zamma, family: alquerque. woro, family: mancala. 1895b, 77. a.k.a. juroku See alquerque. Sources: Murray 1952, 182. musashi, soldiers’ eight-way zirge, family: merels. woro, family: mancala. See hunt [the]. Sources: Parlett 1999, 112. wari. yeung luk sz’kon tseung zohn ahl. Sources: Bell 1979 xiang qi, xiangqi, family: kwan, family: tiger game. [4], 1:4-5. Bell 1979 [5], chess. Sources: Bell 1979 [4], Sources: Botermans et al 36-37. Bell 1988, 154-155. 1:66-68. Bell 1979 [5], 24-25. 1989, 150. Culin 1896, 875. Culin 1896, 687-805. Culin Bell 1980, 26-27. Bell 1988, Murray 1952, 101. Par- 1907, 124-127. Murray 1952, 33-34. Botermans 2008, lett 1999, 193. Provenzo 154-155. Parlett 1999, 38-40. 211-234. Culin 1896, 863- & Provenzo 1990, 179-182. a.k.a. ahl game [the]. 866. Falkener 1892, 143-155. a.k.a. Chinese rebel game, zsetilth’, family: zohn ahl. Forbes 1860, 275-283. Grun- twenty-six rebels. See satill. feld 1975, 71-76. Murray yih, family: merels. See three

35