DOCSLIB.ORG

FINANCE and PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFERENCES COMMITTEE Domestic Violence & Gender Inequality

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FINANCE and PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFERENCES COMMITTEE Domestic Violence & Gender Inequality SUBMISSION TO THE SENATE STANDING COMMITTEE: FINANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFERENCES COMMITTEE Domestic Violence & Gender Inequality Thank you for agreeing to receive this report after the official date. For more than 24 years, since escaping escalating-to-savage Domestic Violence myself, I have worked tirelessly in the field of criminal and societal victimisation. Frankly, at the time I found the available services and legal system to be gender biased (even the nature of questions asked of me in court were frequently gendered / boys games) and quite unsuited to the task of dealing with the reality of Domestic crimes. It was that experience that brought me to my work in the developing field of crime victims. I regret to say that I observe that much the same bias remains today, as evidenced in our daily work. I am more than happy to attend any hearings to bring case studies or answer any questions. Note please, that my Organisation serves men, women and children. Men of all ages report the most awful, sensitive and cruel experiences of life. They make up 25% of our clients. However, men who complain about family law do not, I repeat DO NOT, report anything resembling the consistent, awful stories of the women seeking help to protect their children from the person they were required to leave to protect children. That, of itself, identifies there is gender bias. Let me also explain, that to the ordinary lay person, uninitiated into ‘the system,’ what they find they are expected to know, do and comply with when actually caught in these systems is oppositional to what they ever expected. They expected to be helped, made safe, not blamed and punished. They embark on a whole, new, challenging, frustrating and fragmented chapter of new learning. This is not an academic paper. This is the story of people caught in systems that are inadequate or non-existent, and legal processes that do not serve. Because of the increasing flow of protective mothers seeking help not available elsewhere, I began the Family and Child Safety Unit of the NSW charity, the Victims of Crime Assistance League Inc NSW (est 1989), almost ten years ago, with private funding money. Neither state nor federal funding streams even yet capture the real and long plight of women and children escaping relationship violence. In this paper I could talk about the disappearing perpetrator and all the state services that blame the mother, while serving his needs and controlling her. I could talk about the abysmal failure of developing any effective system that identifies and makes safe children exposed to incest and child pornography. Or the fact that Child Protection strategies are out-dated and under-resourced so sexual abuse of young children by fathers generally doesn’t qualify as ‘at risk of serious harm’ which then leads to unsafe access with sex offenders and violent fathers and subsequent mental health issues for the children and protective mothers from preventable trauma. I could talk about the agony of the protective parent when they realise the state can’t , or won’t help their child. I could speak about my community’s concern that these behaviours continue as if the experiences of children sexually abused, currently the topic of a Royal Commission has had no impact at all on a preventative, early intervention safety strategy for today’s kids. Then I could mention the cases where federal judges make idiotic rulings about how children can be kept safe while living in the same house as convicted, multi-sex offender fathers. Or how there is either a clear ignorance about what Domestic and Family Violence is, or a pro- father/men’s rights agenda that does not understand that violence to the mother is violence to the child. Or how many mothers are diagnosed with a flaky mental illness during Family Court matters using improper testing, and lose the children to the violent, abusive father because the father claims the violence to be ended. I could talk about what those decisions do to the women and the children, especially where the violent behaviour continues and the mother is ordered by the court to seek no help for the child, but the court has no obligation to follow up to see the child is safe. I could talk about the desperate children and their lack of rights, and champions. I could talk about the obvious flaws in using antiquated Family Systems strategies to provide services for people caught in Coercive Controlling Violence and the Vengeful Father Syndrome; about the impact of Narcissistic Control and why a charming narcissist is an effective con-artist, who must win, irrespective of the cost, all of which continue to perpetrate gender bias against women and children escaping violence. I could talk about Parental Alienation Syndrome, junk science that is in common usage here in Australian Family Matters, barely disguised. These are the things that real people we see contend with, daily.. I don’t intend to source other people’s research for this short paper due to time constraints, and of course since very few actually see what we see since so few ‘cross’ the state federal divide, or even look at court actions because of siloed services. And yet, the numbers of women from across the country are unending. Crying for help from my tiny agency, to help them protect their children from criminal acts. They may have left of their own accord, or been warned they could lose their children to Child protection (and do) for not leaving early enough. Once Child protection is involved, the women are caught between victim status and that entitlement to be helped to heal, and perpetrator status where they are blamed, controlled and subjected to threats for non- compliance. Essentially, these women might also access Domestic Violence services to manage the long road back to confidence, autonomy and a positive future. State services often have no strategies to prepare these mothers for the state-federal divide of politics, services and the very different legal processes of law. This is a gender issue as most victims escaping DV are women. This paper is brief. The issue is huge. Essentially I will describe why National and State plans to prevent and address Domestic and Family Violence will fail unless these gender, ignorance, and service issues are addressed. Recently, Victoria's Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence, Ms Fiona Richardson, a survivor of Family Violence as a child herself, spoke of her visit to the Victorian Magistrate's Court to observe the treatment of victims of family and domestic abuse in court. Her observations show how different one’s position, role, responsibilities, 2 expectations, beliefs and realisations, even from someone with the power to affect legislation, with her own personal experience, may be. Ms Richardson stated: I saw the usual victim silencing and women not really being listened to in terms of their particular experience...and it just occurred to me that this adversarial model, this putting women in a sense on trial as they're trying to actually deal with some very challenging behaviours in their life, it's the reason why you hear consistently from victims that the whole court process is a re-traumatising process’. May I suggest that Ms Richardson is right, but still has a lot to learn? And’s that’s just if a case ever gets to court. Most don’t. Domestic Violence is a lesser crime, with different rules, in a system it doesn’t fit, can’t fit and never will. It sets them up to fail, and can’t protect children until aged probably about 8-10. Political Interest and knowledge. In the past year, my organisation has had conversations with many other politicians about the position of ‘victim/witness in court – AVO, criminal matters/ appeals/family courts. Like Ms Richardson, the meetings identified a lot of lay comprehension, assumptions, and expectations and ignorance, just like our individual clients. • No politician had realised that a victim was not entitled to be privately legally represented in a criminal case and what that actually means in practice, compared with the very different rights and position of an accused. • No politician comprehended that the victim was not a party to the criminal proceedings, and they had no decision-making or management rights, or right to sue, or what that means in practice for victims, or when things go wrong. • No politician really understood that the law around Domestic Violence and child abuse was incident-based, rather than an accurate reflection of the behaviour patterns of the abuser/accused. They did not easily comprehend why Domestic Violence and the sexual abuse of children just does not fit into the adversarial model of law, and ALWAYS favours the accused. Since in DV and sexual exploitation of children the assailants are more often men, this is a gender issue. • They were unable to identify any other crime type (fare evasion, traffic offences, robbery, assaults, murder) where instead of charge and prosecution, effectively a warning shot was court fired over an alleged perpetrator, (AVO – don’t do it again) or where many breaches could be rolled into just one matter, on one day in a court where the victim is tested and twisted on everything, and the represented accused can say nothing, or the particular challenges court efficiency measures and behaviours have on these unrepresented, traumatised victims, and why they might be reluctant to ever trust the system again. Again, a gender issue because it empowers male offenders over female victims. • They seemed shocked, admitting to assuming the system ‘usually worked’, and had little awareness of systemic failures and complications that mean so many cases of real people, real victims seeking safety, never get responded to, are downgraded, fail in court, are poorly managed by magistrates, or the ongoing impacts of those failures in subsequent systems and courts, over time.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lord Robin3k, Lord of the Forest
    INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS 1889 F Street NW Washington DC 20006 PETITION IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS RULES OF PROCEDURE 23 and 49 Table of Contents TOPIC PARAGRAPH NUMBERS Introduction 1-6 Facts of Petitioners 6-308 Dombrowski 6-26 Titelman 27-33 K.A. 34-119 J.H. 120-142 Shockome 143-193 Navratil 194-212 Withdrawn 213-221 Horton 222-228 Organizations 229-234 Petitioner A 235-253 Petitioner B 254-280 Petitioner C 281-308 National Coalition Against Domestic Violence 309 Justice for Children 310 Academic studies show that bias against women 31-342 exists in the courts especially related to child custody determinations Experiential studies show that bias against women 343-368 exists in the courts especially related to child custody determinations Many attempts have been made to combat this 369-380 discrimination against women and violence to children The name of the victims and of any public 381-382 authorities who have taken cognizance of the fact or situation alleged The state the petitioners consider responsible, by 383-387 act or omission, for the violation of any of the human rights recognized in applicable instruments Articles of the Charter of the OAS alleged to have 388-389 been violated are The Articles of the Declaration of the Rights and 390-398 Duties of Man alleged to have been violated are: Preamble and Article I: Every human being has the right to life, liberty and security of his person Article II: All persons are equal before the law 399-410 and have the rights and duties established
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Domestic Violence? Domestic Violence Is a Pattern of Abusive Behaviour Through Which a Person Seeks to Control and Intimidate Another Person
    What is domestic violence? Domestic violence is a pattern of abusive behaviour through which a person seeks to control and intimidate another person. It is a series of events that aim to undermine a person’s confidence. 1 in 4 women in Australia has experienced physical or sexual violence by their partner, boyfriend or date1. Domestic violence is a crime What does a safety plan look like? Domestic violence includes controlling and intimidating Have an escape plan: another person repeatedly and undermining ones confidence. Perpetrators of domestic violence use many tactics to maintain 1. Plan emergency exit routes from all rooms in the house. control such as: 2. Have a small escape bag ready with essential documents, spare keys, cash, medicines, etc. • Physical assaults — choking, beating, pushing and threatening physical harm, harming or threatening to harm 3. Have your own mobile phone, preferably pre-paid so there children loved ones or pets. It may also include threatening is no bill that can be monitored. harm to themselves if their partner tries to leave the relationship. 4. Know where you are going — do you have a trusted family or friend that you can stay with, write their number down so • Emotional abuse — name calling, disrespectful treatment you can contact them if needed. • Verbal abuse — yelling, demeaning comments 5. Ask a trusted neighbour to call 000 if they hear fighting. • Sexual abuse — forced sex, forced sexual acts, threats of 6. Try to keep a record of frightening events. sexual abuse 7. Collect local services numbers e.g. taxi, crisis phone line • Financial abuse — denying money, preventing someone and local police station address.
    [Show full text]
  • Tulane Law Review Online
    TULANE LAW REVIEW ONLINE VOL. 94 MARCH 2020 Retaliatory Defamation Suits: The Legal Silencing of the #MeToo Movement Chelsey N. Whynot* I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 2 II. DEFAMATION ................................................................................... 3 A. Private Figures ................................................................4 B. Public Figures ..................................................................5 C. Defamation in Louisiana ................................................10 III. RETALIATORY DEFAMATION SUITS FILED IN RESPONSE TO ACCUSATIONS OF SEXUAL MISCONDUCT ..................................... 11 IV. DEFAMATION CLAIMS USED TO COMBAT TITLE IX COMPLAINTS .................................................................................. 14 A. Sexual Misconduct in Educational Settings—A Brief History of Title IX .................................................15 B. Defamation Lawsuits Brought by Title IX Respondents ...................................................................17 V. POTENTIAL OPPORTUNITIES TO ELIMINATE RETALIATORY DEFAMATION SUITS ....................................................................... 20 A. Fifty State Adoption of Recent California Model Law .................................................................................20 B. Utilization of Anti-SLAPP Laws ....................................23 C. Truth as a Defense .........................................................26 VI. CONCLUSION
    [Show full text]
  • (2019) a Systematic Literature Review of Intimate Partner Violence Victimisation: an Inclusive Review Across Gender and Sexuality
    Laskey, Philippa, Bates, Elizabeth and Taylor, Julie (2019) A systematic literature review of intimate partner violence victimisation: an inclusive review across gender and sexuality. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 47 . pp. 1-11. Downloaded from: http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/4527/ Usage of any items from the University of Cumbria’s institutional repository ‘Insight’ must conform to the following fair usage guidelines. Any item and its associated metadata held in the University of Cumbria’s institutional repository Insight (unless stated otherwise on the metadata record) may be copied, displayed or performed, and stored in line with the JISC fair dealing guidelines (available here) for educational and not-for-profit activities provided that • the authors, title and full bibliographic details of the item are cited clearly when any part of the work is referred to verbally or in the written form • a hyperlink/URL to the original Insight record of that item is included in any citations of the work • the content is not changed in any way • all files required for usage of the item are kept together with the main item file. You may not • sell any part of an item • refer to any part of an item without citation • amend any item or contextualise it in a way that will impugn the creator’s reputation • remove or alter the copyright statement on an item. The full policy can be found here. Alternatively contact the University of Cumbria Repository Editor by emailing [email protected]. Running Head: IPV VICTIM EXPERIENCES ACROSS GENDER AND SEXUALITY 1 A Systematic Literature Review of Intimate Partner Violence Victimisation: An Inclusive Review Across Gender and Sexuality Philippa Laskeyª*, Elizabeth A.
    [Show full text]
  • Systems Abuse Maintain Control Than Criminal Behaviour
    the point where the primary aggressor is less at risk of Research Brief arrest than the primary victim, perhaps by relying more on tactics such as psychological abuse and isolation to Systems Abuse maintain control than criminal behaviour. Introduction Research also demonstrates the role of systems abuse within the Systems abuse refers to the manipulation of the legal system by civil law system in the U.S. Miller and Smolter (2011, p. 640) perpetrators of family violence, done so in order to exert control emphasise the ways in which vexatious domestic violence over, threaten and harass a partner (current or former). Systems abuse most often takes place post-separation and includes such protection orders affect the women whom they are made against: acts as; attempting to have a partner arrested; taking legal action Women experience civil protection orders a tools in the against a partner; making false reports of neglect or abuse to children protection agencies; and applying for intervention orders abuser’s arsenal calculated to wear them down, whittle against a partner (Miller & Smolter 2011). By misusing the legal away their self-esteem, and create hardships as they system, the perpetrator not only creates enormous emotional and work to negotiate their lives absent of men’s violence, financial burdens for the victim, but they also shift the blame away power and control. from their own abusive behaviour (Miller & Smolter 2011). Systems abuse fits neatly into Stark’s (2007, p.5) concept of Other vexatious litigations have also been noted to harshly effect coercive control, which is defined as: female victims, and are most often related to custody of children and property (Miller & Smolter 2011) Calculated, malevolent conduct employed exclusively by men to dominate individual women by interweaving Systems Abuse in Australia repeated physical abuse with three equally important tactics: intimidation, isolation, and control.
    [Show full text]
  • Submission 17
    Submission to Family Law Council Your details Name/organisation Robyn Cotterell-Jones, CEO (if you are providing a Victims Of Crime Assistance League Inc NSW submission on behalf of an organisation, please provide the name of a contact person) Contact details Robyn Cotterell-Jones (one or all of the following: PO Box 1310 Newcastle NSW 2300 postal address, email address or phone number) Email: [email protected] Phone: 02 4926 2711 Fax: 02 4023 8514 Confidentiality Submissions received may be published on the Family Law Council’s webpage, except where requests have been made to keep them confidential or where they relate to particular cases or personal information. Would you prefer this submission to remain confidential? / NO [email protected] P 02 49262711 f 02 40238514 PO BOX 1310, Newcastle NSW 2300 Page Content 3 Letter from VOCAL Inc NSW 4 What are the experiences of children & families who are involved in both child protection and family law proceedings? How might these experiences be improved? 15 What problems do practitioners and services face in supporting clients who are involved in both child protection and family law proceedings? How might these problems be addressed? 16 What are the possible benefits for families of enabling Children's Courts to make parenting orders under Part VII of the Family Law Act? In what circumstances would this power be useful? What would be the likely challenges for practice that might be created by this change? 17 What are the possible benefits for families of enabling the family courts to make Children's
    [Show full text]
  • In Support of SB6/SB 1060: Jennifers Law If You Are Not Strangulated Or
    In support of SB6/SB 1060: Jennifers Law If you are not strangulated or almost murdered, domestic violence has no weight. Waiting until the absolute worst possible result is what is leading the continuous homicide and extreme abuse cases for both women and children. The courts are really saying to abusers that the tolerance for domestic violence is very high - why 4 to 5 women a day die from intimate partner violence. 1800 women died in 2018. 773 children have died within the family court system. ACE study shows that 50% of children are being abused or witnessing domestic violence in the US. Judges are completely falling for manipulative, deceitful, coercive men in the courtroom. These men are extremely convincing. They know the laws and know how to stay under the radar. These men do not want to be accountable for their actions. And judges are minimizing and in denial about the prevalence and incidence of child abuse and child sexual abuse which is creating the perfect storm. Suicide is now the number 2 killer of teenage children. Monthly school shootings are a commonplace in our country. Our children are crying out for help. Over a trillion dollars is spent on domestic violence and as we know domestic violence is a genderized crime. Enabling male violence has also led to unimaginable violent events in our country, we now have monthly bombings, mass shootings, child pornography, child sexual trafficking. Many of these men are domestic violence perpetrators. Judges also fail to the notice the patterns of legal abuse from the most violent men.
    [Show full text]
  • Financial Abuse of Elders and Other At-Risk Adults
    FINANCIAL ABUSE OF ELDERS AND OTHER AT-RISK ADULTS By Kristen M. Lewis, Esq. Smith, Gambrell & Russell, LLP Atlanta, Georgia 30309 (404) 815-3640 [email protected] I. FINANCIAL ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION OF ELDERS AND AT-RISK ADULTS ........................................................................................................................... CC-1 A. The scope of the societal plague ................................................................................. CC-1 B. The definition of “elder” ............................................................................................. CC-2 C. The definition of financial abuse and exploitation...................................................... CC-3 D. Commonly cited reasons for elder financial abuse ..................................................... CC-3 E. Perpetrators of elder financial abuse ........................................................................... CC-4 II. DETECTION AND REPORTING OF ELDER FINANCIAL ABUSE ........................... CC-5 A. Indicators of elder financial abuse .............................................................................. CC-5 B. Reporting of elder financial abuse .............................................................................. CC-6 III. REMEDIES FOR ELDER FINANCIAL ABUSE .......................................................... CC-11 A. Criminal prosecution ................................................................................................. CC-11 B. Civil remedies ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • National NOW Family Law Advisory Ad Hoc Committee Recommended Reading List
    National NOW Family Law Advisory Ad Hoc Committee Recommended Reading List All But My Soul: Abuse Beyond Control By Jeanne I King, Ph.D. All But My Soul is a true story of abuse beyond control. It is a heartfelt personal account of an upper middle class family entrapping itself in the classic Cycle of Violence. Dr. Jeanne King tells her family story and addresses a psychosocial dysfunction affecting 1 out of every 3 women in America today. Written with love and wisdom, All But My Soul uncovers a social political scandal that re-victimizes the abused. It shows how a well-documented family abuser uses the system to push the protective mother out of their abused children's lives. This compelling, suspenseful and informative expose discloses domestic violence taken to an amazing, outrageous extreme. (from the book cover). The Batterer as Parent by Lundy Bancroft and Jay Silverman The Batterer as Parent takes readers inside homes affected by domestic violence, imparting an understanding of the atmosphere that batterers create for the children who live with them. The book explains how children's emotional recovery is inextricably linked to the healing and empowerment of their mothers. While written for professionals, the book's accessible style makes it engaging and useful for abused mothers, and anyone wishing to assist children exposed to battering. Childhood—It Should Not Hurt! by Claire R. Reeves The book covers issues of incest and child sexual abuse, the greatest hidden epidemic in the United States. Readers will get information on recognizing the signs and symptoms, and what to do if your child has been sexually abused.
    [Show full text]
  • Law and Abuse: Representations of Intimate Partner Homicide in Law Procedural Dramas
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 8-22-2016 12:00 AM Law and Abuse: Representations of Intimate Partner Homicide in Law Procedural Dramas Jaime A. Campbell The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Sasha Torres The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Media Studies A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Jaime A. Campbell 2016 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Film and Media Studies Commons Recommended Citation Campbell, Jaime A., "Law and Abuse: Representations of Intimate Partner Homicide in Law Procedural Dramas" (2016). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 4076. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4076 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract In the early 1970s, feminists began to raise awareness about intimate partner violence (IPV), transforming it from a private family matter into a social problem. Popular media representations of IPV, which exposed the extent and severity of the problem, played a key role in this transition. Surprisingly, however, there has been very little research on media representations of IPV or intimate partner homicide (IPH). This thesis conducts a critical discourse analysis on recent media representations of abused women who kill their abusive partners in law procedural dramas, a genre of television that both commands a wide prime- time audience and impacts viewers’ understanding of the legal system.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst
    Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst BI-WEEKLY BRIEFING VOL. 9 NO. 4 21 FEBRUARY 2007 Contents Analytical Articles THE DISMISSAL OF MINISTER SUVANALIEV AND THE STRUGGLE AGAINST ORGANIZED CRIME IN KYRGYZSTAN 3 Kairat Osmonaliev & Johan Engvall WORKER RIOT AT THE TENGIZ OILFIELD: WHO IS TO BLAME? 6 Saulesh Yessenova OIL MONEY FUELS REGIONAL TIES IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS 9 Jaba Devdariani and Blanka Hancilova WILL BERDYMUKHAMEDOV BE A GORBACHEV OR AN AHMADINEJAD? 12 Rafis Abazov Field Reports FELIX KULOV JOINS THE KYRGYZ OPPOSITION 15 Nurshat Ababakirov AZERBAIJAN’S NEW ECONOMIC ICON: THE IT SECTOR 17 Fariz Ismailzade KAZAKH FOLK POETRY SLAMS CORRUPT ESTABLISHMENT 18 Marat Yermukanov PROPERTY RIGHTS ROW TARNISHES GEORGIAN GOVERNMENT’S IMAGE 19 Kakha Jibladze News Digest 20 THE CENTRAL ASIA-CAUCASUS ANALYST Editor Svante E. Cornell Assistant Editor, News Digest Alima Bissenova Chairman, Editorial Board S. Frederick Starr The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst is an English language global Web journal devoted to analysis of the current issues facing the Central Asia-Caucasus region. It serves to link the business, governmental, journalistic and scholarly communities and is the global voice of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program Joint Center. The Editor of the Analyst solicits most articles and field reports, however authors may suggest topics for future issues or submit articles and field reports for consideration. Such articles and field reports cannot have been previously published in any form, must be written in English, and must correspond precisely to the format and style of articles and field reports published in The Analyst (www.cacianalyst.org) and described below.
    [Show full text]
  • Poor Print Quality
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 405 707 EC 305427 AUTHOR Geffner, Richard,Ed. TITLE Family Violence &SexualAssault Bulletin,1995. INSTITUTION Family Violence &SexualAssault Inst., Tyler, TX. PUB DATE 95 NOTE 136p. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Family Violence & Sexual Assault Bulletin; v11 n1-4 1995 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Child Abuse; *Family Violence; Interdisciplinary Approach; *Intervention; Participant Satisfaction; Program Effectiveness; Resource Materials; *Sex Role; *Sexual Abuse IDENTIFIERS *Testimony ABSTRACT This document consists of the two combined issues of this serial (FVSAB) published in 1995: n1-2 and n3-4. Number 1-2 begins with editorial comments regarding the development of standards to regulate the treatment of batterers and to regulate therapy in sexual abuse cases:The first article in this issue focuses on gender-based abuse and discusses the power dynamics that underlie the gender-role socialization at the root of much of this abuse. The second article describes a university-based workshop in interdisciplinary approaches to child abuse and neglect, and the third article pzese:.etc an nvent-focused model for preparing children to testify in court. Number 3-4 begins with editorial comments on the need to develop and implement assessment-based intervention. The first article in this issue describes the findings of a 1991 survey examining client utilization of and satisfaction with services provided by child abuse counselors. The second article deals with evaluating child sex abuse allegations, and the third article discusses gains and process in state batterer programs and standards. Both issues contain reviews of books and media dealing with abuse and extensive classified guides to family violence and sexual abuse literature.
    [Show full text]