Notes on the Grasses of Hawai'i
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Grass Genera in Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville Nanette B. Hooker Photographs by Chris Gardiner SCHOOL OF MARINE and TROPICAL BIOLOGY JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY TOWNSVILLE QUEENSLAND James Cook University 2012 GRASSES OF THE TOWNSVILLE AREA Welcome to the grasses of the Townsville area. The genera covered in this treatment are those found in the lowland areas around Townsville as far north as Bluewater, south to Alligator Creek and west to the base of Hervey’s Range. Most of these genera will also be found in neighbouring areas although some genera not included may occur in specific habitats. The aim of this book is to provide a description of the grass genera as well as a list of species. The grasses belong to a very widespread and large family called the Poaceae. The original family name Gramineae is used in some publications, in Australia the preferred family name is Poaceae. It is one of the largest flowering plant families of the world, comprising more than 700 genera, and more than 10,000 species. In Australia there are over 1300 species including non-native grasses. In the Townsville area there are more than 220 grass species. The grasses have highly modified flowers arranged in a variety of ways. Because they are highly modified and specialized, there are also many new terms used to describe the various features. Hence there is a lot of terminology that chiefly applies to grasses, but some terms are used also in the sedge family. The basic unit of the grass inflorescence (The flowering part) is the spikelet. The spikelet consists of 1-2 basal glumes (bracts at the base) that subtend 1-many florets or flowers. -
Hawaii Easy Go Package
HAWAII EASY GO PACKAGE HONOLULU 4 DAYS 3 NIGHTS: TOUR CODE ITINERARY SINGLE TWIN TRIPLE CHILD HEGP-001 Day 1: Airport - Hotel Transfer $ 588.00 $ 368.00 $ 358.00 $ 128.00 Day 2: Pearl Harbor & City Tour Day 3: Mini Circle East Oahu Day 4: Hotel - Airport Transfer Upgrade 4* Hotel $ 300.00 $ 150.00 $ 120.00 $ - HONOLULU 5 DAYS 4 NIGHTS TOUR CODE ITINERARY SINGLE TWIN TRIPLE CHILD HEGP-002 Day 1: Airport - Hotel Transfer $ 868.00 $ 565.00 $ 545.00 $ 268.00 Day 2: Pearl Harbor & City Tour Day 3: Mini Circle East Oahu Day 4: Polysiem Cultural Center with Dinner Day 5: Hotel-Airport Transfer Upgrade 4* Hotel $ 400.00 $ 200.00 $ 180.00 $ - OAHU & OTHER ISLAND 6 DAYS 5 NIGHTS: TOUR CODE ITINERARY SINGLE TWIN TRIPLE CHILD HEGP-003 Day 1: Airport - Hotel Transfer $ 1,468.00 $ 1,088.00 $ 1,068.00 $ 698.00 Day 2: Pearl Harbor & City Tour Day 3: Mini Circle East Oahu Day 4: Polysiem Cultural Center with Dinner Pick 1 island:Day 5: Big Island /Maui / Kauai1 Day Tour Day 6: Hotel-Airport Transfer Upgrade 4* Hotel $ 500.00 $ 250.00 $ 230.00 $ - OAHU & OTHER ISLAND 7 DAYS 6 NIGHTS TOUR CODE ITINERARY SINGLE TWIN TRIPLE CHILD VEGP-004 Day 1: Airport - Hotel Transfer $ 2,068.00 $ 1,618.00 $ 1,598.00 $ 1,168.00 Day 2: Pearl Harbor & City Tour Day 3: Mini Circle East Oahu Day 4: Polysiem Cultural Center with Dinner Pick 1 island:Day 5: Big Island /Maui / Kauai 1 Day Tour Pick 1 island:Day 6: Big Island / Maui/Kauai 1 Day Tour Day 6: Ha Long Bay - Hanoi -Airport Transfer Upgrade 4* Hotel $ 600.00 $ 300.00 $ 280.00 $ - ITINERARY: * Mini Circle East Oahu : Visit the famous outline of Diamond Head, where you explore the lower slopes of Hawaii's most recognized landmark Seabirds soar above the island's windswept east coastline as you stop to view the crystal clear waters of Hanauma Bay, sheltered in the remains of an ancient volcanic crater. -
Jervis Bay Territory Page 1 of 50 21-Jan-11 Species List for NRM Region (Blank), Jervis Bay Territory
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Poaceae Pollen from Southern Brazil: Distinguishing Grasslands (Campos) from Forests by Analyzing a Diverse Range of Poaceae Species
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 06 December 2016 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01833 Poaceae Pollen from Southern Brazil: Distinguishing Grasslands (Campos) from Forests by Analyzing a Diverse Range of Poaceae Species Jefferson N. Radaeski 1, 2, Soraia G. Bauermann 2* and Antonio B. Pereira 1 1 Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil, 2 Laboratório de Palinologia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil–ULBRA, Universidade Luterana do Brazil, Canoas, Brazil This aim of this study was to distinguish grasslands from forests in southern Brazil by analyzing Poaceae pollen grains. Through light microscopy analysis, we measured the size of the pollen grain, pore, and annulus from 68 species of Rio Grande do Sul. Measurements were recorded of 10 forest species and 58 grassland species, representing all tribes of the Poaceae in Rio Grande do Sul. We measured the polar, equatorial, pore, and annulus diameter. Results of statistical tests showed that arboreous forest species have larger pollen grain sizes than grassland and herbaceous forest species, and in particular there are strongly significant differences between arboreous and grassland species. Discriminant analysis identified three distinct groups representing Edited by: each vegetation type. Through the pollen measurements we established three pollen Encarni Montoya, types: larger grains (>46 µm), from the Bambuseae pollen type, medium-sized grains Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume < Almera (CSIC), Spain (46–22 µm), from herbaceous pollen type, and small grains ( 22 µm), from grassland Reviewed by: pollen type. The results of our compiled Poaceae pollen dataset may be applied to the José Tasso Felix Guimarães, fossil pollen of Quaternary sediments. Vale Institute of Technology, Brazil Lisa Schüler-Goldbach, Keywords: pollen morphology, grasses, pampa, South America, Atlantic forest, bamboo pollen Göttingen University, Germany *Correspondence: Jefferson N. -
A Landscape-Based Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability for All Native Hawaiian Plants
Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDscape-bASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMatE CHANGE VULNEraBILITY FOR ALL NatIVE HAWAIIAN PLANts Lucas Fortini1,2, Jonathan Price3, James Jacobi2, Adam Vorsino4, Jeff Burgett1,4, Kevin Brinck5, Fred Amidon4, Steve Miller4, Sam `Ohukani`ohi`a Gon III6, Gregory Koob7, and Eben Paxton2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service —Ecological Services, Division of Climate Change and Strategic Habitat Management, Honolulu, HI 96850 5 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 6 The Nature Conservancy, Hawai‘i Chapter, Honolulu, HI 96817 7 USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Hawaii/Pacific Islands Area State Office, Honolulu, HI 96850 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 November 2013 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CAG09AC00070 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDSCAPE-BASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY FOR ALL NATIVE HAWAIIAN PLANTS LUCAS FORTINI1,2, JONATHAN PRICE3, JAMES JACOBI2, ADAM VORSINO4, JEFF BURGETT1,4, KEVIN BRINCK5, FRED AMIDON4, STEVE MILLER4, SAM ʽOHUKANIʽOHIʽA GON III 6, GREGORY KOOB7, AND EBEN PAXTON2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaiʽi National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawaiʽi at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U. -
Vascular Plants and a Brief History of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands
United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plants and a Brief Forest Service Rocky Mountain History of the Kiowa and Rita Research Station General Technical Report Blanca National Grasslands RMRS-GTR-233 December 2009 Donald L. Hazlett, Michael H. Schiebout, and Paulette L. Ford Hazlett, Donald L.; Schiebout, Michael H.; and Ford, Paulette L. 2009. Vascular plants and a brief history of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS- GTR-233. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 44 p. Abstract Administered by the USDA Forest Service, the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands occupy 230,000 acres of public land extending from northeastern New Mexico into the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas. A mosaic of topographic features including canyons, plateaus, rolling grasslands and outcrops supports a diverse flora. Eight hundred twenty six (826) species of vascular plant species representing 81 plant families are known to occur on or near these public lands. This report includes a history of the area; ethnobotanical information; an introductory overview of the area including its climate, geology, vegetation, habitats, fauna, and ecological history; and a plant survey and information about the rare, poisonous, and exotic species from the area. A vascular plant checklist of 816 vascular plant taxa in the appendix includes scientific and common names, habitat types, and general distribution data for each species. This list is based on extensive plant collections and available herbarium collections. Authors Donald L. Hazlett is an ethnobotanist, Director of New World Plants and People consulting, and a research associate at the Denver Botanic Gardens, Denver, CO. -
Cymbopogon Refractus, Is a Native, Grass, Themeda Triandra Kangaroo of Lemon Grass, Cymbopogon Citratus
In recent years, native grasses have become increasingly popular for home gardens. Barbed Wire Grass, Cymbopogon refractus, is a native, long lived, perennial tussock grass, not dissimilar to another popular native grass, Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass. The inflorescences (arrangement of flowers) are curious, some angled upwards, some spreading widely away from the stem and yet others reflexed downwards, so that the clusters are quite reminiscent of the barbs of a barbed wire fence, albeit without the rigidity and the sharp spines. Hence the common name Barbed Wire Grass. Barbed Wire Grass is interesting in other ways too. It may be an Australian native, widespread in eastern Australia, but it does have some famous relatives. If you crush and smell a leaf, it’s strongly aromatic, and smells of citrus, with perhaps a hint of ginger. You would be correct in guessing that it’s a very close relation of Lemon Grass, Cymbopogon citratus, the herb about which we are now so passionate, and an essential in south- east Asian cuisine. Another interesting relative is Citronella Grass, Cymbopogon nardus, a much taller grass from Indonesia. This is the source of the insect repellent (especially for mosquitoes) citronella oil. Geraniol and citronellol, the principal chemical constituents of citronella, are used in soaps and disinfectants. Barbed Wire Grass is common in Eucalyptus woodlands, and can grow on a wide range of soils of low fertility. It is also a useful fodder plant, as long as it isn’t grazed continuously. It has become naturalised on Pacific Islands, including Norfolk Island, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji, the Cook Islands, Tahiti and Hawaii. -
List of Plant Species List of Plant Species
List of plant species List of Plant Species Contents Amendment history .......................................................................................................................... 2 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Application ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Relationship with planning scheme ..................................................................................... 3 1.3 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Aim ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Who should use this manual? ............................................................................................. 3 2 Special consideration ....................................................................................................................... 3 3 Variations ......................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Relationship ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Appendix A – Explanatory notes & definitions ....................................................................................... -
Agarita, Agarito Mahonia Trifoliolata S HF Berberidaceae B#2 Birding Trail #2 T Tree Alamo Vine Merremia Dissecta F, V Convolvul
Common Name Scientific Name Type Location Family Location Key Plant Type Key Agarita, Agarito Mahonia trifoliolata S HF Berberidaceae B#2 Birding Trail #2 T Tree Alamo vine Merremia dissecta F, V Convolvulaceae BO Bay Overlook S Shrub American Beautyberry Callicarpa americana S HF, B#2 Verbenaceae BHr Boathouse Rd F Forb/herbaceous American bulrush Schoenoplectus americanus Gr Cyperaceae BT Big Tree Trail Gr Grass American cupscale Sacciolepis striata Gr Poaceae Bw Boardwalk Gc Ground cover American eelgrass, Water celery Vallisneria americana F Hydrocharitaceae DPr Dagger Pt Rd W Water/aquatic American germander Teucrium canadense F TR, Hq Lamiaceae DPt Dagger Point Trail C Cacti American lotus Nelumbo lutea F JL Nelumbonaceae En Entrance V Vine American snoutbean Rhynchosia americana F, V Fabaceae HF Heron Flats SS Subshrub American Sycamore Platanus occidentalis T CCC Platanaceae HL Hog Lake SD sedge Anaqua Ehretia anacua T, SS VC Boraginaceae Hq Headquarters Anglepod melochia Melochia pyramidata F, SS, S Sterculiaceae JL Jones Lake Angleton bluestem Dichanthium aristatum Gr Poaceae MI Matagorda Island Anil de pasto Indigofera suffruticosa F, SS Fabaceae OT Observation Tower Annual seepweed Suaeda linearis F, SS Chenopodiaceae PA Picnic Area Arrowleaf, Flecha de Agua Sagittaria longiloba F TR Alismataceae RT Rail Trail Baby blue-eyes Nemophila phacelioides F HF, BO Hydrophyllaceae TL Tour Loop Bagpod, Bladderpod Glottidium vesicaria F, SS Fabaceae TR Tower Rd Bahia grass Paspalum notatum Gr Poaceae Baldwin's flatsedge Cyperus croceus -
*Wagner Et Al. --Intro
NUMBER 60, 58 pages 15 September 1999 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS HAWAIIAN VASCULAR PLANTS AT RISK: 1999 WARREN L. WAGNER, MARIE M. BRUEGMANN, DERRAL M. HERBST, AND JOEL Q.C. LAU BISHOP MUSEUM PRESS HONOLULU Printed on recycled paper Cover illustration: Lobelia gloria-montis Rock, an endemic lobeliad from Maui. [From Wagner et al., 1990, Manual of flowering plants of Hawai‘i, pl. 57.] A SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1998 Research publications of Bishop Museum are issued irregularly in the RESEARCH following active series: • Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. A series of short papers PUBLICATIONS OF describing original research in the natural and cultural sciences. Publications containing larger, monographic works are issued in BISHOP MUSEUM four areas: • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Anthropology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Botany • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology Numbering by volume of Occasional Papers ceased with volume 31. Each Occasional Paper now has its own individual number starting with Number 32. Each paper is separately paginated. The Museum also publishes Bishop Museum Technical Reports, a series containing information relative to scholarly research and collections activities. Issue is authorized by the Museum’s Scientific Publications Committee, but manuscripts do not necessarily receive peer review and are not intended as formal publications. Institutions and individuals may subscribe to any of the above or pur- chase separate publications from Bishop Museum Press, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-0916, USA. Phone: (808) 848-4135; fax: (808) 841-8968; email: [email protected]. Institutional libraries interested in exchanging publications should write to: Library Exchange Program, Bishop Museum Library, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-0916, USA; fax: (808) 848-4133; email: [email protected]. -
The Role of Photosynthetic Capacity and of Leaf Area Ratio for the Carbon Gain of C3 and C4 Species During the Cool Season in the Río De La Plata Grasslands
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Lehrstuhl für Grünlandlehre The role of photosynthetic capacity and of leaf area ratio for the carbon gain of C3 and C4 species during the cool season in the Río de la Plata grasslands Germán D. Berone Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Agrarwissenschaften genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr. U. Schmidhalter Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. J. Schnyder 2. Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Matyssek Die Dissertation wurde am 26. 10. 2011 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt am 14. 12. 2011 angenommen. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ ii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... iii ZUSAMMENFASSUNG.................................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... ix I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................1 -
9:00 Am PLACE
CARTY S. CHANG INTERIM CHAIRPERSON DAVID Y. IGE BOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES GOVERNOR OF HAWAII COMMISSION ON WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT KEKOA KALUHIWA FIRST DEPUTY W. ROY HARDY ACTING DEPUTY DIRECTOR – WATER AQUATIC RESOURCES BOATING AND OCEAN RECREATION BUREAU OF CONVEYANCES COMMISSION ON WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STATE OF HAWAII CONSERVATION AND COASTAL LANDS CONSERVATION AND RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE HISTORIC PRESERVATION POST OFFICE BOX 621 KAHOOLAWE ISLAND RESERVE COMMISSION LAND HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809 STATE PARKS NATURAL AREA RESERVES SYSTEM COMMISSION MEETING DATE: April 27, 2015 TIME: 9:00 a.m. PLACE: Department of Land and Natural Resources Boardroom, Kalanimoku Building, 1151 Punchbowl Street, Room 132, Honolulu. AGENDA ITEM 1. Call to order, introductions, move-ups. ITEM 2. Approval of the Minutes of the June 9, 2014 N atural Area Reserves System Commission Meeting. ITEM 3. Natural Area Partnership Program (NAPP). ITEM 3.a. Recommendation to the Board of Land and Natural Resources approval for authorization of funding for The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii for $663,600 during FY 16-21 for continued enrollment in the natural area partnership program and acceptance and approval of the Kapunakea Preserve Long Range Management Plan, TMK 4-4-7:01, 4-4-7:03, Lahaina, Maui. ITEM 3.b. Recommendation to the Board of Land and Natural Resources approval for authorization of funding for The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii for $470,802 during FY 16-21 for continued enrollment in the natural area partnership program and acceptance and approval of the Pelekunu Long Range Management Plan, TMK 5-4- 3:32, 5-9-6:11, Molokai.