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Rembrandt Van Rijn
Rembrandt van Rijn 1606-1669 REMBRANDT HARMENSZ. VAN RIJN, born 15 July er (1608-1651), Govaert Flinck (1615-1660), and 1606 in Leiden, was the son of a miller, Harmen Ferdinand Bol (1616-1680), worked during these Gerritsz. van Rijn (1568-1630), and his wife years at Van Uylenburgh's studio under Rem Neeltgen van Zuytbrouck (1568-1640). The brandt's guidance. youngest son of at least ten children, Rembrandt In 1633 Rembrandt became engaged to Van was not expected to carry on his father's business. Uylenburgh's niece Saskia (1612-1642), daughter Since the family was prosperous enough, they sent of a wealthy and prominent Frisian family. They him to the Leiden Latin School, where he remained married the following year. In 1639, at the height of for seven years. In 1620 he enrolled briefly at the his success, Rembrandt purchased a large house on University of Leiden, perhaps to study theology. the Sint-Anthonisbreestraat in Amsterdam for a Orlers, Rembrandt's first biographer, related that considerable amount of money. To acquire the because "by nature he was moved toward the art of house, however, he had to borrow heavily, creating a painting and drawing," he left the university to study debt that would eventually figure in his financial the fundamentals of painting with the Leiden artist problems of the mid-1650s. Rembrandt and Saskia Jacob Isaacsz. van Swanenburgh (1571 -1638). After had four children, but only Titus, born in 1641, three years with this master, Rembrandt left in 1624 survived infancy. After a long illness Saskia died in for Amsterdam, where he studied for six months 1642, the very year Rembrandt painted The Night under Pieter Lastman (1583-1633), the most impor Watch (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam). -
Het Blauw Van Rembrandt 7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw Van Rembrandt – Pag
7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw van Rembrandt – pag. 3 JO¨ RG KASTNER Het blauw van Rembrandt 7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw van Rembrandt – pag. 5 Het blauw van Rembrandt roman naar de aantekeningen vandeschilderentuchthuisopzichter cornelis bartholomeusz. suythof opgeschreven in amsterdam, aan boord van het zeilschip tulpenburgh en te batavia in de jaren 1670-1673 7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw van Rembrandt – pag. 8 N W O Z meter 7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw van Rembrandt – pag. 9 1 Dam 26 Rozengracht 2 Kalverstraat 27 Westerkerk 3 Korenbeurs 28 Jordaan 4 Oude Waag 29 Leidsegracht 5 Koopmansbeurs 30 Leidsestraat 6 Damrak 31 Nieuwe Prinsengracht 7 Stadhuis 32 Nieuwe Keizersgracht 8 Nieuwe Kerk 33 Nieuwe Herengracht 9 Oude Kerk 34 Botermarkt 10 Nieuwe Waag 35 De Plantage 11 Anthonisbreestraat 36 Nieuwe Vaart 12 Zuiderkerk 37 Kattenburg 13 Jodenbreestraat 38 Wittenburg 14 Rembrandthuis 39 Oostenburg 15 Waleneiland 40 Zeilmakerij (a), werf (b), 16 Rapenburg dok (c) van de VOC 17 Uilenburg 41 Marineloods ’s Lands 18 Marken Magasyn 19 Vlooienburg 42 West-Indisch Huis 20 Kloveniersburgwal 43 Oost-Indisch Huis 21 Singel 44 OudeWaal 22 Bickerseiland 45 Nieuwe Waal 23 Herengracht 46 ’s Lands Dok 24 Keizersgracht 47 Volewijck 25 Prinsengracht 48 Noorderkerk Amsterdam rond 1650 Tot 1585 Tot 1657 Water Tot 1613 Na 1657 7/5/2009 – 09-0556 Karakter – Blauw van Rembrandt – pag. 11 proloog Het trouweloze hart illem had last van een beklemd gevoel. Het leek wel alsof er een Wmolensteen op zijn borst lag, die hem de adem benam. En hij had het ijskoud. -
During the Seventeenth Century, Dutch Portraits Were Actively Commissioned by Corporate Groups and by Individuals from a Range of Economic and Social Classes
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-69803-1 - Public Faces and Private Identities in Seventeenth-Century Holland: Portraiture and the Production of Community Ann Jensen Adams Frontmatter More information PUBLIC FACES AND PRIVATE IDENTITIES IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY HOLLAND During the seventeenth century, Dutch portraits were actively commissioned by corporate groups and by individuals from a range of economic and social classes. They became among the most important genres of painting. Not merely mimetic representations of their subjects, many of these works create a new dialogic rela- tionship with the viewer. In this study, Ann Jensen Adams examines four portrait genres – individuals, family, history portraits, and civic guards. She analyzes these works in relation to inherited visual traditions; contemporary art theory; chang- ing cultural beliefs about the body, sight, and the image itself; and current events. Adams argues that as individuals became unmoored from traditional sources of identity, such as familial lineage, birthplace, and social class, portraits helped them to find security in a self-aware subjectivity and the new social structures that made possible the “economic miracle” that has come to be known as the Dutch Golden Age. Ann Jensen Adams is associate professor of art history at the University of California, Santa Barbara. A scholar of Dutch painting, she curated the exhibi- tion Dutch Paintings from New York Private Collections (1988) and edited Rembrandt’s “Bathsheba Reading David’s Letter” (1998). She has contributed essays to numer- ous exhibition catalogues and essay collections including Leselust. Niederl¨andische Malerei von Rembrandt bis Vermeer (1993), Landscape and Power (1994), Looking at Seventeenth-Century Dutch Painting: Realism Reconsidered (1997), Renaissance Culture and the Everyday (1999), and Love Letters: A Theme in Dutch Seventeenth-Century Genre Painting (2003) and published articles in The Art Bulletin and the Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek. -
Evolution and Ambition in the Career of Jan Lievens (1607-1674)
ABSTRACT Title: EVOLUTION AND AMBITION IN THE CAREER OF JAN LIEVENS (1607-1674) Lloyd DeWitt, Ph.D., 2006 Directed By: Prof. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. Department of Art History and Archaeology The Dutch artist Jan Lievens (1607-1674) was viewed by his contemporaries as one of the most important artists of his age. Ambitious and self-confident, Lievens assimilated leading trends from Haarlem, Utrecht and Antwerp into a bold and monumental style that he refined during the late 1620s through close artistic interaction with Rembrandt van Rijn in Leiden, climaxing in a competition for a court commission. Lievens’s early Job on the Dung Heap and Raising of Lazarus demonstrate his careful adaptation of style and iconography to both theological and political conditions of his time. This much-discussed phase of Lievens’s life came to an end in 1631when Rembrandt left Leiden. Around 1631-1632 Lievens was transformed by his encounter with Anthony van Dyck, and his ambition to be a court artist led him to follow Van Dyck to London in the spring of 1632. His output of independent works in London was modest and entirely connected to Van Dyck and the English court, thus Lievens almost certainly worked in Van Dyck’s studio. In 1635, Lievens moved to Antwerp and returned to history painting, executing commissions for the Jesuits, and he also broadened his artistic vocabulary by mastering woodcut prints and landscape paintings. After a short and successful stay in Leiden in 1639, Lievens moved to Amsterdam permanently in 1644, and from 1648 until the end of his career was engaged in a string of important and prestigious civic and princely commissions in which he continued to demonstrate his aptitude for adapting to and assimilating the most current style of his day to his own somber monumentality. -
EEN BRIEF VAN THOMAS DE KEYSER, DOOR A. W. WEISSMAN. NDER De Papieren Van Den Beeldhouwer NICHOLAS STONE, Den Schoonzoon Van
EEN BRIEF VAN THOMAS DE KEYSER, DOOR A. W. WEISSMAN. NDER de papieren van den beeldhouwer NICHOLAS STONE, den schoonzoon van HENDRIK DE KEYSER, die in Sir JOHN SOANE's Museum te Londen bewaard worden, bevindt zich ook een brief van THOMAS DE KEYSER, waarvan ik door de welwillendheid van den directeur, de heer WALTER L. SPIERS, een afschrift mocht maken. De brief luidt als volgt. "Eerwaerde en seer discrete broeder en zuster STONE, na onse vriendelycke groetenisse ende wensinge alles goedts, soo sal U. L, door dezen verstaen ons aller gesontheyt; de uwen sijn wij van herte wensende. Hebben U. L, brieven als oock den beverhoet wel ontfangen, staet mij heel wel aen, bedancke U. L, voor de moeyte. Hebt mij maer te comman- deren in U. L. dienst en zal na mijn vermoghen niet manqueren. ?VAN SOMEREN heeft twe mael 2 £ betaelt, hebbe U. L. voor deze twe pont in rekeningh gebracht, alst U. L. belieft pertinente notitie daervan uyt mijn boeck te hebben zal het U. L. senden ofte de saeck is soo. 62 "Int jaer 1637, daer U. L. mij het laken sont resteerde mijn van U. L. f 54 - I I - 0 het laken dat U. L, sont f 6 r - o - o de papegaye kouwe ... " I 5 - o - o van VAN SOMEREN... " 22 - O - 0 aan SALOMON oom be- - - van VAN SOMEREN... " 22 4 8 taelt.............. " 20 - 0 - 0 - - de bever 27 14 0 2 lijsten aen U.L. zoone " I –10 – o de doos gespen ...... " 6 - o de kaggel met oncosten " 36 - 3 - 8 f I33- 4.-8 f 1 27 - 4 - 8 zoodat U. -
Keyser, Thomas De Dutch, 1596 - 1667
National Gallery of Art NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART ONLINE EDITIONS Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth Century Keyser, Thomas de Dutch, 1596 - 1667 BIOGRAPHY Thomas de Keyser was the second son of Hendrick de Keyser (1565–1621), the famed Dutch architect, sculptor, and municipal stonemason of the city of Amsterdam, and his wife Beyken (Barbara) van Wildere, who hailed from Antwerp.[1] The family lived in a house that was part of the municipal stone yard along the Amstel River, between the Kloveniersburgwal and the Groenburgwal.[2] Thomas and his brothers Pieter and Willem were trained by their father in architecture, and each also became a highly regarded master stonemason and stone merchant in his own right. On January 10, 1616, the approximately 19-year-old Thomas became one of his father’s apprentices. As he must already have become proficient at the trade while growing up at the Amsterdam stone yard, the formal two-year apprenticeship that followed would have fulfilled the stonemasons’ guild requirements.[3] Thomas, however, achieved his greatest prominence as a painter and became the preeminent portraitist of Amsterdam’s burgeoning merchant class, at least until the arrival of Rembrandt van Rijn (Dutch, 1606 - 1669) in 1632. Nothing is known about his artistic training as a painter, which likely occurred in his younger years. Four Amsterdam portraitists have been considered his possible teacher. Ann Jensen Adams, in her catalogue raisonné of Thomas de Keyser, posits (based on circumstantial evidence) that Cornelis van der Voort (c. 1576–1624) -
Best Landmarks in Amsterdam"
"Best Landmarks in Amsterdam" Created by: Cityseeker 20 Locations Bookmarked De Nieuwe Kerk "Spectacular Architecture" The Nieuwe Kerk is a 15th-century building, partly destroyed and refurbished after several fires. Located in the bustling Dam Square area of the city, this historic church has held a prominent place in the country's political and religious affairs over the centuries. It has been the venue for coronations of kings and queens, and also plays host to an array of by Dietmar Rabich exhibitions, concerts and cultural events. Admire its Gothic architecture, splendid steeples, glass-stained windows and ornate detailing. +31 20 638 6909 www.nieuwekerk.nl [email protected] Dam Square, Amsterdam Royal Palace of Amsterdam "The Royal Residence" Amsterdam's Royal Palace is the crown jewel of the city's cache of architectural marvels from the Dutch Golden Age. The palace was originally constructed in the 17th Century as the new Town Hall, designed by Jacob van Campen as a symbol of the Netherlands' far-reaching influence and its hefty stake in global commerce at that time. The palace by Diego Delso is an embodiment of opulence and lavish taste, generously adorned with marble sculptures, vivid frescoes and sparkling chandeliers that illuminate rooms of palatial proportions. Within, are numerous symbolic representations of the country's impressive economic and civic power in the realm of world politics in the 17th Century, including a larger-than-life statue of Atlas. In 1806, Louis Napoleon, brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, was named King Louis I of Holland, transforming the former Town Hall into his Royal Palace. -
Aspects of Arminian Soteriology in Methodist-Lutheran Ecumenical Dialogues in 20Th and 21St Century
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto ASPECTS OF ARMINIAN SOTERIOLOGY IN METHODIST-LUTHERAN ECUMENICAL DIALOGUES IN 20TH AND 21ST CENTURY Mikko Satama Master’s Thesis University of Helsinki Faculty of Theology Department of Systematic Theology Ecumenical Studies 18th January 2009 HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO − HELSINGFORS UNIVERSITET Tiedekunta/Osasto − Fakultet/Sektion Laitos − Institution Teologinen tiedekunta Systemaattisen teologian laitos Tekijä − Författare Mikko Satama Työn nimi − Arbetets title Aspects of Arminian Soteriology in Methodist-Lutheran Ecumenical Dialogues in 20th and 21st Century Oppiaine − Läroämne Ekumeniikka Työn laji − Arbetets art Aika − Datum Sivumäärä − Sidoantal Pro Gradu -tutkielma 18.1.2009 94 Tiivistelmä − Referat The aim of this thesis is to analyse the key ecumenical dialogues between Methodists and Lutherans from the perspective of Arminian soteriology and Methodist theology in general. The primary research question is defined as: “To what extent do the dialogues under analysis relate to Arminian soteriology?” By seeking an answer to this question, new knowledge is sought on the current soteriological position of the Methodist-Lutheran dialogues, the contemporary Methodist theology and the commonalities between the Lutheran and Arminian understanding of soteriology. This way the soteriological picture of the Methodist-Lutheran discussions is clarified. The dialogues under analysis were selected on the basis of versatility. Firstly, the sole world organisation level dialogue was chosen: The Church – Community of Grace. Additionally, the document World Methodist Council and the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification is analysed as a supporting document. Secondly, a document concerning the discussions between two main-line churches in the United States of America was selected: Confessing Our Faith Together. -
A Day in Amsterdam"
"A Day in Amsterdam" Created by: Cityseeker 16 Locations Bookmarked De Nieuwe Kerk "Spectacular Architecture" The Nieuwe Kerk is a 15th-century building, partly destroyed and refurbished after several fires. Located in the bustling Dam Square area of the city, this historic church has held a prominent place in the country's political and religious affairs over the centuries. It has been the venue for coronations of kings and queens, and also plays host to an array of by Dietmar Rabich exhibitions, concerts and cultural events. Admire its Gothic architecture, splendid steeples, glass-stained windows and ornate detailing. +31 20 638 6909 www.nieuwekerk.nl [email protected] Dam Square, Amsterdam Royal Palace of Amsterdam "The Royal Residence" Amsterdam's Royal Palace is the crown jewel of the city's cache of architectural marvels from the Dutch Golden Age. The palace was originally constructed in the 17th Century as the new Town Hall, designed by Jacob van Campen as a symbol of the Netherlands' far-reaching influence and its hefty stake in global commerce at that time. The palace by Diego Delso is an embodiment of opulence and lavish taste, generously adorned with marble sculptures, vivid frescoes and sparkling chandeliers that illuminate rooms of palatial proportions. Within, are numerous symbolic representations of the country's impressive economic and civic power in the realm of world politics in the 17th Century, including a larger-than-life statue of Atlas. In 1806, Louis Napoleon, brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, was named King Louis I of Holland, transforming the former Town Hall into his Royal Palace. -
The Circumcision 1661 Oil on Canvas Overall: 56.5 X 75 Cm (22 1/4 X 29 1/2 In.) Framed: 81.3 X 99 X 8.2 Cm (32 X 39 X 3 1/4 In.) Inscription: Lower Right: Rembrandt
National Gallery of Art NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART ONLINE EDITIONS Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth Century Rembrandt van Rijn Dutch, 1606 - 1669 The Circumcision 1661 oil on canvas overall: 56.5 x 75 cm (22 1/4 x 29 1/2 in.) framed: 81.3 x 99 x 8.2 cm (32 x 39 x 3 1/4 in.) Inscription: lower right: Rembrandt. f. 1661 Widener Collection 1942.9.60 ENTRY The only mention of the circumcision of Christ occurs in the Gospel of Luke, 2:15–22: “the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even unto Bethlehem.... And they came with haste, and found Mary and Joseph, and the babe lying in a manger.... And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child, his name was called Jesus.” This cursory reference to this most significant event in the early childhood of Christ allowed artists throughout history a wide latitude in the way they represented the circumcision. [1] The predominant Dutch pictorial tradition was to depict the scene as though it occurred within the temple, as, for example, in Hendrick Goltzius (Dutch, 1558 - 1617)’ influential engraving of the Circumcision of Christ, 1594 [fig. 1]. [2] In the Goltzius print, the mohel circumcises the Christ child, held by the high priest, as Mary and Joseph stand reverently to the side. Rembrandt largely followed this tradition in his two early etchings of the subject and in his 1646 painting of the Circumcision for Prince Frederik Hendrik (now lost). [3] The Circumcision 1 © National Gallery of Art, Washington National Gallery of Art NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART ONLINE EDITIONS Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth Century The iconographic tradition of the circumcision occurring in the temple, which was almost certainly apocryphal, developed in the twelfth century to allow for a typological comparison between the Jewish rite of circumcision and the Christian rite of cleansing, or baptism. -
Calvinism and the Arts: a Re-Assessment
Durham E-Theses Calvinism and the arts: A re-assessment Joby, Christopher Richard How to cite: Joby, Christopher Richard (2005) Calvinism and the arts: A re-assessment, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2873/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Abstract Calvinism and the arts: A re-assessment Although many believe John Calvin had a negative attitude towards the arts, particularly visual art, my contention is that we find within his writings and the development of the Reformed tradition a more positive attitude to the arts than has hitherto been recognized. In chapters one and two, I look in detail at Calvin's own writings. I begin by examining exactly what type of visual art he rejected and what type he affirmed. I then look at how his eschatology and epistemology, particularly his use of the metaphor of mirror, allow us to argue for the placing of certain types of art within Reformed churches, notably history and landscape paintings. -
Minimal Faith and Irenic Ideals in Seventeenth-Century Scholarly Circles Hugo Grotius As a Guardian of Isaac Casaubon’S Legacy*
Church History Church History and and Religious Culture 94 (2014) 444–478 Religious Culture brill.com/chrc Minimal Faith and Irenic Ideals in Seventeenth-Century Scholarly Circles Hugo Grotius as a Guardian of Isaac Casaubon’s Legacy* Henk Nellen Huygens Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands [email protected] Abstract This article shows how the Dutch humanist Hugo Grotius (1583–1645), inspired by his friend Isaac Casaubon, sought to introduce a procedure for mitigating strife in the Christian church. He proclaimed a division between a set of self-evident, universally accepted key tenets, to be endorsed by all believers, and a larger number of secondary, not completely certain articles of faith, which were to be left open for friendly debate. The doctrine of the Trinity belonged to the second category; it should be treated in a careful, detached way, in words that did not go beyond the terminology of the Bible. However, defenders of this irenic stance laid themselves open to severe criticism: the example of the conservative Lutheran theologian Abraham Calovius illustrates how they were censured for giving up divinely inspired truth for a chimerical unionist ideal which cajoled them into reintroducing the early Christian heresy of Arianism, now called Socinianism. Keywords minimal faith – secularisation – Socinianism – exegesis – seventeenth-century intellectual life – Grotius – Casaubon * Research for this article was conducted within the project ‘Biblical Criticism and Seculariza- tion in the Seventeenth Century’ (nwo, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, 360–25–090). I am indebted to two anonymous reviewers for their remarks on an earlier ver- sion of this article.