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3Rd DRAFT 2017 European Species Action Plan Cinereous Vulture - Aegypius monachus 3rd DRAFT European Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus (2018 to 2028) 2017 Adopting Frameworks: The Action Plan was prepared through EuroSAP Project: LIFE14 PRE UK 002 “Coordinated Efforts for International Species Recovery EuroSAP”, a LIFE project, co-financed by the European Commission Directorate General for the Environment, the African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbird Agreement (AEWA), and by each of the project partners, and coordinated by BirdLife International. http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/project/life-eurosap. This Action Plan was developed in paralel with the preparation of the Multi-species Action Plan to Conserve African and Eurasian Vultures (Vulture MsAP) and the Flyway Action for the Cinereous Vulture, both CMS initiatives. More information about the Vulture MsAP here. Compiler: Jovan Andevski, Vulture Conservation Foundation, email: [email protected] Professional review: José Tavares, Vulture Conservation Foundation, email: [email protected] Contributors: Country Name and surname Organization Albania Taulant Bino Albanian Ornithological Society (AOS) Armenia Sevak Baloyan Ministry of Nature Protection of Republic of Armenia Azerbaijan Elchin Sultanov Azerbaijan Ornithological Society Bulgaria Dobromir Dobrev Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds BSPB Emilian Stoynov Fund for Wild Flora and Fauna Croatia Ivana Jelenić Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection Goran Susic Ornithological station Rijeka CASA France Jean Paul Urcun LPO Aquitaine Né ouze Raphaë l L.P.O. Grands Causses Olivier Patrimonio Ministè re de l'Environnement Georgia Aleksandre Abuladze Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University Alexander Gavashelishvili Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University Gavashelshvili Hellenic Republic, Decentralized Administration Dimitrios Vasilakis Macedonia Thrace, Evros Prefecture Forest Service Greece Theodora Skartsi WWF Greece Elzbieta Kret WWF Greece Italy Marco Gustin Lipu - Italian League for the protection of Birds Alessandro Andreotti ISPRA - Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Portugal Eduardo Santos LPNAmbientale - Liga para a Protecç ão da Natureza Antó nio Espinha Monteiro Instituto da Conservaç ão da Natureza e das Florestas Russia (Caucasus) Elena Shnayder Siberian Environmental Center Serbia Bratislav Grubac Institute for Conservation Nature of Serbia Spain Rubé n Moreno-Opo Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment of Spain Alvaro Camiña Vulture Conservation Foundation Borja Heredia UNEP/CMS Eduardo Soto-Largo Fundació n CBD-Habitat NicolMeroań s̃o L ó pez Jimé nez SEO/BirdLife The FYR Macedonia Jovan Andevski Vulture Conservation Foundation Turkey Itri Levent Erkol Doğa Derneğ i (BirdLife Turkey) Elif Yamaç Anadolu University Ilker Ozbahar Nature Research Society Ukraine (Crimea) Kostin Sergey Yu. Nikita botanical gardens-National scientific centre Date of adoption: in preparation. Lifespan of Plan: 2018-2028. This International Species Action Plan should be reviewed and updated every 8 to 10 years (first revision in 2026/28). Milestones in the production of the Plan: - Vulture MsAP online questionnaire: August 2016. - Development of Species Status Report: October 2016. - Organization of the European Vulture MsAP Workshop in Monfragüe, Spain: October 2016. - EU SAP review online questionnaire: December 2016. - Review of existing EU Species Plan: March 2017. - Workshop session at the Vulture Conservation Foundation scientific board meeting: April 2017. - 1st draft: April 2017/ public consultation / 2nd draft: May 2017 Recommended citation: Andevski, J. (compiler) 2017. European Species Action Plan for the Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus (2018-2028). European Commission Technical Report xxx-2018. Picture on the front cover: Cinereous Vulture pair (Aegypius monachus) © Fermi Martinez. European Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Cinereous Vulture - Aegypius monachus Contents 1 - Basic Data .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Taxonomy and bio-geographic populations ............................................................................................. 6 Relevant policy and legislation ................................................................................................................. 7 Conservation of the species ................................................................................................................... 10 2 - FRAMEWORK FOR ACTION ............................................................................................................... 15 Goal ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 High Level Objective ............................................................................................................................... 15 Annex 1 - BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................. 21 Distribution throughout the annual cycle ................................................................................................ 21 Habitat requirements .............................................................................................................................. 21 Diet.......................................................................................................................................................... 21 Population size and trend ........................................................................................................................ 22 Annex 2 - PROBLEM ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................. 24 Threats .................................................................................................................................................... 24 Overview of major threats ....................................................................................................................... 26 Cinereous Vulture threats maps ............................................................................................................. 28 Problem trees ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Annex 3 - JUSTIFICATION OF CONSERVATION ................................................................................... 34 Annex 4 - MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................ 36 Annex 5 - REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 36 Annex 6 - LIST OF ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................ 40 Annex 7 - EUROPEAN MEMBER STATES CODES ................................................................................ 41 Page 4 of 41 European Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Cinereous Vulture - Aegypius monachus TABLES Table 1. Range States for the Cinereous Vulture covered by the Action Plan Table 2. International and European protection policy and legislation Table 3. National policies and legislation Table 4. Highest responsible national authority in the species' Range States Table 5. EU Cinereous Vulture SAP Action Framework (from the old SAP) Table 6. List of LIFE projects related to the Cinereous Vulture conservation approved by the European Commission (2000-2014) Table 7. Framework of actions Table 8. Breeding population size and trend by country (recent estimates from the questionnaire results) Table 9. Breeding population estimates by country – comparative table Table 10. Importance/priority of Cinereous Vulture threats by country. Table 11. Defined direct threats to the species FIGURES Figure 1. Global distribution range of the Cinereous Vulture in Europe Figure 2. Average Implementation Score (AIS) for each action within the old Action Plan, across all Member States. Figure 3. National Implementation Score (NIS) for each Member State, and the average score across all States. Figure 4. High priority threats to the Cinereous Vulture at global leval by regionas. Figure 5. Percentage from total funds (Life Projects) by EU Member State Page 5 of 41 European Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Cinereous Vulture - Aegypius monachus 1 - Basic Data Taxonomy and bio-geographic populations The species belongs to the Accipitridae family, and is the only species in the genus Aegypius. Scientific name: Aegypius monachus (Linnaeus, 1766). Common names: Cinereous Vulture, Eurasian Black Vulture, European Black Vulture, Monk Vulture. No subspecies identified (Global Raptor Information Network. 2016), although there is a debate and intentions to separate the European and Asian populations due to some population differences - limited genetic variation in the species, body size increases from west to east, with the birds from southwest Europe averaging about 10% smaller than the vultures from Central Asia (Ferguson-Lees et al. 2001). The species is a partial migrant (Bildstein 2006). Mostly sedentary in Europe, but many individuals from the Caucasus (Eastern Europe and Central Asia) winter south of the breeding
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