Dedication Ceremony Honors Local Veterans
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Sulfide Formation Related to Changes in the Hydrothermal System on Loihi Seamount, Hawai’I, Following the Seismic Event in 1996
457 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 41, pp. 457-472 (2003) SULFIDE FORMATION RELATED TO CHANGES IN THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM ON LOIHI SEAMOUNT, HAWAI’I, FOLLOWING THE SEISMIC EVENT IN 1996 ALICÉ S. DAVIS§ AND DAVID A. CLAGUE Research and Development Division, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, California 95039-9644, U.S.A. ROBERT A. ZIERENBERG Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-8605, U.S.A. C. GEOFFREY WHEAT Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Fairbanks, P.O. Box 475, Moss Landing, California 95039, and Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, California 95039-9644, U.S.A. BRIAN L. COUSENS Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada ABSTRACT Hydrothermal sulfide and sulfate minerals were discovered in sediment samples collected on the Rapid Response Cruise to Loihi Seamount, following a large swarm (>4000) of earthquakes in the summer of 1996. PISCES V submersible dives, con- ducted two months after the seismic event, discovered that part of the summit had collapsed to form a new pit crater. The sudden collapse of the summit crater resulted in a cataclysmic discharge of hydrothermal fluid, ejecting magmatic gases and sulfide crystals. The presence of wurtzite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite indicate high-temperature fluids (>250°C), the first such occur- rence documented for an ocean-island volcano. The composition of the sulfide minerals is similar to that of sulfides from black smokers at mid-ocean ridges. Samples from barite-rich mounds, built after the initial cataclysmic discharge of the hydrothermal plume, resemble white smoker deposits from mid-ocean ridges. -
Conversing with Pelehonuamea: a Workshop Combining 1,000+ Years of Traditional Hawaiian Knowledge with 200 Years of Scientific Thought on Kīlauea Volcanism
Conversing with Pelehonuamea: A Workshop Combining 1,000+ Years of Traditional Hawaiian Knowledge with 200 Years of Scientific Thought on Kīlauea Volcanism Open-File Report 2017–1043 Version 1.1, June 2017 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Conversing with Pelehonuamea: A Workshop Combining 1,000+ Years of Traditional Hawaiian Knowledge with 200 Years of Scientific Thought on Kīlauea Volcanism Compiled and Edited by James P. Kauahikaua and Janet L. Babb Open-File Report 2017–1043 Version 1.1, June 2017 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior RYAN K. ZINKE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey William H. Werkheiser, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2017 First release: 2017 Revised: June 2017 (ver. 1.1) For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov/ or call 1–888–ASK–USGS (1–888–275–8747). For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Kauahikaua, J.P., and Babb, J.L., comps. and eds., Conversing with Pelehonuamea—A workshop combining 1,000+ years of traditional Hawaiian knowledge with 200 years of scientific thought on Kīlauea volcanism (ver. -
A Submarine Perspective of the Honolulu Volcanics, Oahu
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 151 (2006) 279–307 www.elsevier.com/locate/jvolgeores A submarine perspective of the Honolulu Volcanics, Oahu David A. Clague a,*, Jennifer B. Paduan a, William C. McIntosh b, Brian L. Cousens c, Alice´ S. Davis a, Jennifer R. Reynolds d a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039-9644, USA b New Mexico Geochronology Research Laboratory, N.M. Bureau of Geology, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, 87801-4796, USA c Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6 d School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, West Coast and Polar Regions Undersea Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 757220, 213 O’Neill Building, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA Accepted 15 July 2005 Available online 27 December 2005 Abstract Lavas and volcaniclastic deposits were observed and collected from 4 submarine cones that are part of the Honolulu Volcanics on Oahu, Hawaii. The locations of these and a few additional, but unsampled, vents demonstrate that nearly all the vents are located on or very close to the shoreline of Oahu, with the most distal vent just 12 km offshore. The clastic samples and outcrops range from coarse breccias to cross-bedded ash deposits and show that explosive volcanism at depths between about 350 and 590 m depth played a part in forming these volcanic cones. The eruptive styles appear to be dominantly effusive to strombolian at greater depths, but apparently include violent phreatomagmatic explosive activity at the shallower sites along the submarine southwest extension of the Koko Rift. -
MAY 21 to 25, 2018
Abstracts Volume MAY 21 to 25, 2018 7th international OLOT - CATALONIA - SPAIN DL GI 743-2018 ISBN 978-84-09-01627-3 Cover Photo: ACGAX. Servei d’Imatges. Fons Ajuntament d’Olot. Autor: Eduard Masdeu Authors: Xavier Bolós and Joan Martí Abstracts Volume MAY 21 to 25, 2018 Scientific Committee Members IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER Patrick BACHÈLERY Károly NÉMETH Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand Massey University (New Zealand) and Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Oriol OMS Pierre BOIVIN Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain) Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Michael ORT Xavier BOLÓS Northern Arizona University (USA) Univesidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Pierre-Simon ROSS Gerardo CARRASCO Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (Canada) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Dmitri ROUWET Shane CRONIN Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy) The University of Auckland (New Zealand) Claus SIEBE Gabor KERESZTURI Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Massey University (New Zealand) Ian SMITH Jiaqi LIU The University of Auckland (New Zealand) Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Giovanni SOSA Didier LAPORTE Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Gregg VALENTINE Volker LORENZ University at Buffalo (USA) University of Wuerzburg (Germany) Benjamin VAN WYK DE VRIES José Luís MACÍAS Observatoire de Physique de Globe de Clermont- Ferrand Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) and Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) -
Nathaniel Bright Emerson Papers: Finding Aid
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt6t1nb227 No online items Nathaniel Bright Emerson Papers: Finding Aid Processed by Brooke M. Black. The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Manuscripts Department 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2129 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org © 2002 The Huntington Library. All rights reserved. Nathaniel Bright Emerson Papers: mssEMR 1-1323 1 Finding Aid Overview of the Collection Title: Nathaniel Bright Emerson Papers Dates (inclusive): 1766-1944 Bulk dates: 1860-1915 Collection Number: mssEMR 1-1323 Creator: Emerson, Nathaniel Bright, 1839-1915. Extent: 1,887 items. Repository: The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens. Manuscripts Department 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2129 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org Abstract: This collection contains the papers of Hawaiian physician and author Nathaniel Bright Emerson (1839-1915), including a a wide range of material such as research material for his major publications about Hawaiian myths, songs, and history, manuscripts, diaries, notebooks, correspondence, and family papers. The subjects covered in this collection are: Emerson family history; the American Civil War and army hospitals; Hawaiian ethnology and culture; the Hawaiian revolutions of 1893 and 1895; Hawaiian politics; Hawaiian history; Polynesian history; Hawaiian mele; the Hawaiian hula; leprosy and the leper colony on Molokai; and Hawaiian mythology and folklore. Language: English. Access Open to qualified researchers by prior application through the Reader Services Department. For more information, contact Reader Services. Publication Rights The Huntington Library does not require that researchers request permission to quote from or publish images of this material, nor does it charge fees for such activities. -
Week 1 - Terrestrial Volcanism Overview
8/30/2011 Week 1 - Terrestrial Volcanism Overview • Some definitions • Eruption products • Eruption triggers • Eruption styles • The role of water • Where do volcanoes occur • Monogenetic vs polygenetic • Some volcano and eruption examples GG711, Fall 2011 1 8/30/2011 Volcanoes: Places where molten Mid-ocean ridge schematic rock and gasses exit Earth’s (or another planet’s) surface Volcanic construction materials Magma molten or partially molten rock beneath the Earth's surface. When magma erupts onto the surface, it is called lava, or Magma chamber cinders, ash, tephra or other pyroclasts Sketch by B. Myers http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/magma.html GG711, Fall 2011 2 8/30/2011 Eruption Products The relative proportion of these materials occur as a function of magma type, tectonic setting and local variables. Source: USGS Eruption Triggering Some important factors • Tectonic triggers (changes in stress field) • Tectonic setting (compressive or extensional) • Vent opening (pressure increase from new magma input and/or gas exsolution) • Vent plugging/clogging may promote flank eruptions • Closed-system magma differentiation (pressure increase) GG711, Fall 2011 3 8/30/2011 Eruption Styles Important Magmatic factors These work together to affect eruption style • Viscosity • Magma composition • crystallinity • gas content • temperature • pressure Hot runnier Mafic (Magnesium and iron rich) cold stickier silicic (Silicon-dioxide rich) Temperature vs. Magmatic water Crystallinity vs. viscosity vs. viscosity viscosity silicic (Silicon-dioxide -
A 65 K.Y. Time Series from Sediment-Hosted Glasses Reveals Rapid Transitions in Ocean Ridge Magmas
A 65 k.y. time series from sediment-hosted glasses reveals rapid transitions in ocean ridge magmas David J. Ferguson1,2*, Yinqi Li1,3, Charles H. Langmuir1, Kassandra M. Costa4,5, Jerry F. McManus4,5, Peter Huybers1, and Suzanne M. Carbotte4 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA 2School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK 3School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China 4Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA 5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA ABSTRACT 2013; Portner et al., 2015). The extent to which Studies of ocean ridge magmatism have been hampered by the difficulty in construct- such glasses might be preserved in older sedi- ing time-series data over more than a few thousand years. Sediment rapidly covers newly ments and over longer time periods, however, formed ocean crust, and older rocks, even when recovered from fault scarps, cannot be dated has not previously been demonstrated. Here we accurately. Ridge eruptions, however, disperse pyroclastic glass over distances as far as 5 show using a piston core that reached 600 ka km, and these glasses have been shown to persist for thousands of years in on-ridge sediment basement that ancient glasses are indeed pre- push cores. Here we present data on such glasses from a piston core that impacted basement served and permit high-resolution observations in much older (600 ka) sediment. The age of deposition was determined using established over tens of thousands of years. -
Submarine Growth of a Hawaiian Shield Volcano
SUBMARINE GROWTH OF A HAWAIIAN SHIELD VOLCANO BASED ON VOLCANICLASTICS IN THE HAWAIIAN SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT 2 CORE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS DECEMBER 2004 By Kate Phillippa Bridges Thesis Committee: Michael O. Garcia, Chairperson Bruce Houghton Thor Thordarson ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my teachers and colleagues at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa Geology and Geophysics department for their inspiration and encouragement. In particular, I would like to thank Mike Garcia for giving me the opportunity to pursue and complete a Master's degree in volcanology at the University of Hawai'i. In addition, I am very grateful for all the support he has given me throughout the past three years and his sense of humor. Mahalos also to Thor Thordarsen, who always had words of encouragement to accompany his insightful comments on the progress and outcome of this study. Thanks to Bruce Houghton for sound scientific advise and guidance. Finally, muchos mahalos to all my friends for making the journey to Masterhood fun and, of course, to my folks! iii Acknowledgements iii List of figures vii List of tables viii Abstract ix 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Geological setting 2 1.2 Models for the growth of shield volcanoes 4 1.2.1 Magma supply and stages 4 1.2.2 Deposits 5 1.2.3 Subsidence and collapse ..7 1.3 Hawaiian Scientific Drilling Project 9 1.3.1 Introduction, 9 1.3.2 Basic stratigraphy of the HSDP2 core .11 1.3.3 Introduction to the HSDP2 volcaniclastics 14 1.4 Terminology 21 1.5 Subaqueous fragmentation of basaltic magma 23 1.5.1 Magmatic explosivity 23 1.5.2 Steam explosivity 24 Littoral magma:water interaction Subaqueous magma:water interaction 1.5.3 Passive quenching and autobrecciation of lava ~ 29 1.5.4 Secondary fragmentation of basaltic magma 29 2. -
The Santa Clause Little Girl Elf
The Santa Clause Little Girl Elf Unassisting Gustaf entrammels, his ambatch depreciate penance felly. Clarence is impotently unprevented after brinier Donnie intromit his chambermaid immaturely. Monostichous and collatable Marlowe glares, but Keefe archaically gate her fosterings. The presents and his daughter of sinbad, the santa who is about a christmas is sure, wins her for a girl i think santa gets involved in But it seems our drive two elf the keeper of their handbook overlooked the citizen most. David krumholtz is not technically a career in some. Maybe your child's otherwise has an elf and is've heard though about age Or quality you're looking into bring her little extra noise to disclose home this Christmas No remote how. CLAUS That's what other New York Sun wrote to that weird girl have long ago. Seeking gifts Operation Santa Program USPS Letters to. Who died from above man standing? Some phone calls from Santa Claus can be personalized with the. They even me every time i delete a little mosque on their kids respond to my favorite? I can't discuss my kids watch them can they're too young we know not believing is first option. Find Santa's sleigh and reindeer the first old elf is nowhere to which found. But never getting into a magical christmas gingerbread yard display into his taste in his own! He legit has children work on his banner at a helpful game pretending to skill the tub old elf. What does jay leno visits and girl who spends all! This little girl elf just that things. -
Mayor Spotlights Financial Viability In
FRIDAY 161st YEAR • NO. 216 JANUARY 8, 2016 CLEVELAND, TN 20 PAGES • 50¢ Mayor spotlights financial viability in ‘State of the County’ address By BRIAN GRAVES Davis mentioned the recent state audit of the “John Doe citizen doesn’t know that we paid Banner Staff Writer county’s financial condition. down our debt $4.1 million,” he said. “It’s that “If Bradley County were a company, you would much every year. We continually pay down our During last year’s “State of the County” remarks want to know one thing — did we make any debt.” by Bradley County Mayor D. Gary Davis, the long- money and how much?” Davis said. “That’s called He said the debt was more than $100 million at time leader based his remarks on the lyrics of a ‘net position.’” one point and is now decreased to $65 million. song, “The future’s so bright, you’ve got to wear He said the county’s net position exceeded its “Is that too much? Not according to the profes- shades.” liabilities by $36.7 million. sional finance people,” Davis said. “When you This year, Davis is saying there is no need to “That means you had a good year,” he said. break that down by per capita, we’re in really good take those shades off. “Granted, we’re not in the business to make shape. But, I’m one of those who doesn’t want any The mayor gave his annual remarks during a money. We’re a service-oriented organization. But debt, so I’m always working to pay it down.” luncheon of the Cleveland Kiwanis Club Thursday we do strive to operate like a business.” Banner photo, BRIAN GRAVES The county’s debt is broken into four areas: 79 MAYOR D. -
Submarine Strombolian Eruptions on the Gorda Mid‐Ocean Ridge
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Marine Science Faculty Publications College of Marine Science 2003 Submarine Strombolian Eruptions on the Gorda Mid‐Ocean Ridge David A. Clague Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Alicé S. Davis Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Jacqueline E. Dixon University of Miami, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub Part of the Life Sciences Commons Scholar Commons Citation Clague, David A.; Davis, Alicé S.; and Dixon, Jacqueline E., "Submarine Strombolian Eruptions on the Gorda Mid‐Ocean Ridge" (2003). Marine Science Faculty Publications. 1313. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub/1313 This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Marine Science at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marine Science Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Submarine Strombolian Eruptions on the Gorda Mid-Ocean Ridge David A. Clague and Alice S. Davis Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California Jacqueline E. Dixon Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida Compositionally variable limu o Pele occurs in widely distributed sediments collected during ROV Tiburon dives along the Gorda Ridge axis. The fragments formed deeper than the critical depth of seawater and are unlikely to be formed by supercritical expansion of seawater upon heating in contact with hot lava. Discharge of C02 through erupting lava is the most likely way to make such bub bles at >298 bars pressure. The distribution and composition of limu o Pele frag ments indicate that low-energy strombolian activity is a common, although minor, component of eruptions along mid-ocean ridges. -
In Search of Volcanoes in Us National Parks, Four
WALKUP, CASADEVALL AND SANTUCCI BORN OF FIRE: IN SEARCH OF VOLCANOES IN U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, FOUR STRIKING EXAMPLES LAURA C. WALKUP U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 975 Menlo Park, CA 94025 [email protected] THOMAS J. CASADEVALL U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, MS 964, P.O. Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 [email protected] VINCENT L. SANTUCCI National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1849 "C" Street, NW, Washington, DC 20240 [email protected] ABSTRACT Geologic features, particularly volcanic features, have been protected by the National Park Service since its inception. Some volcanic areas were nationally protected even before the National Park Service was established. The first national park, Yellowstone National Park, is one of the most widely known geothermal and volcanic areas in the world. It contains the largest volcanic complex in North America and has experienced three eruptions which rate among the largest eruptions known to have occurred on Earth. Half of the twelve areas established as national parks before the 1916 Organic Act which created the National Park Service are centered on volcanic features. The National Park Service now manages lands that contain nearly every conceivable volcanic resource, with at least seventy-six managed Earth Sciences History lands that contain volcanoes or volcanic rocks. Given that so many lands managed by the Vol. 36, No. 2, 2017 National Park Service contain volcanoes and volcanic rocks, we cannot give an overview pp. 197–244 of the history of each one; rather we highlight four notable examples of parks that were established on account of their volcanic landscapes.