DOCSLIB.ORG

The Gemma of （Marchantiaceae, Marchantiophyta）

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Gemma of （Marchantiaceae, Marchantiophyta） 蘚苔類研究（Bryol. Res.） 12（1）: 1‒5, July 2019 The gemma of Marchantia pinnata （Marchantiaceae, Marchantiophyta） Tian-Xiong Zheng and Masaki Shimamura Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1‒3‒1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739‒8526, Japan Abstract. The novel morphology of gemma in Marchantia pinnata Steph., an endemic species to east Asia, is reported for the first time. The outer shape of gemma is gourd-like with maximum width ca. 250 µm and length ca. 350 µm. The surface is not smooth due to the swelling of the cells. The margin of gemmae is never entire due to mammillose and with several papillae on marginal cells. The two apical notches have no mucilage hairs. These morphologies are widely different from those of a com- mon species, M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis with larger and nearly circular in outer shape, entire margin and mucilage hairs in notches. Morphological characters of gemmae might be useful for the identification of Marchantia species. Key words: Marchantiaceae, Marchantia pinnata, gemma, mucilage hair 鄭天雄・嶋村正樹：ヒトデゼニゴケの無性芽（〒739‒8526 広島県東広島市鏡山1‒3‒1 広島大学大学院 統合生命科学研究科 植物分類・生態学研究室） 東アジア固有種であるヒトデゼニゴケ Marchantia pinnata Steph. の無性芽の形態について報告する． ヒトデゼニゴケの無性芽は，ひょうたん型の外形を持ち，長さと幅の最大値はそれぞれ350 µm，250 µm 程度，二つのノッチには粘液毛がない．また，無性芽の縁の細胞は円錐状のマミラを持ち，パピラが散 在する．これらの形態は，ほぼ円形でより大きな外形を持ち，縁が全縁，ノッチに粘液毛を有するゼニ ゴケの無性芽とは明らかに異なる．ゼニゴケ属における無性芽の形態の多様性は，種を識別するための 有用な形質として扱えるかもしれない． gemmae is multicellular discoid structure with two Introduction laterally placed apical notches. The central part is several cells thick and becomes gradually thinner to- The asexual reproduction propagule, organ gem- ward the unistratose margin（Shimamura 2016）. mae shows the high morphological diversity for each Marchantia pinnana Steph., an endemic species of taxon of liverworts. In leafy liverworts, unicellular or East Asia, was firstly described by Stephani and few-celled gemmae on the margins of the leaves or published by Bonner （1953） in later. The species the summit of the stem are typically observed. Fur- was a taxonomically enigmatic for a long time due to thermore, discoid multicellular gemmae arising on incomplete morphological description based on the the margins or the surfaces of the leaves are ob- mixture of two different species in type specimens. served in some epiphytic species（Cavers 1903）. In In the original description, although the morphology complex thalloid liverworts, many species produce of thallus was given correctly, the archegoniophore gemmae in cup-shaped structure called “gemma was misdesignated to that of M. emarginata subsp. cup” （or “cupules”）. In the genus Marchantia, the tosana. In Japan, the plant corresponding to M. pinnata ―1― 蘚苔類研究（Bryol. Res.） 12（1）, July 2019 have been called erroneously M. cuneiloba for a long time（Horikawa 1939, Hattori 1952, Mizutani 1984）. Materials and Methods The taxonomic confusion lasted until the lectotypifi- cation of M. pinnata by Bischler（1987） with exclu- In the Oct 20th of 2018, thalli bearing gemma cup sion of M. emarginata subsp. tosana. Since there was of M. pinnata were collected from a natural popula- such a taxonomic problem, morphological description tion in Kirishima-shi, Kagoshima-ken, Japan（Fig. 1）. on M. pinnata is still insufficient.（Bischer 1989）. M. pinnata is identified based on black line on the In this study, the detail morphology of gemmae in central thallus and the pinnatified appendages of ven- M. pinnata is firstly described. Through the compari- tral scales. M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis was col- son with that of M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis, we lected from Higashi-Hiroshima campus of Hiroshima propose that the morphology of gemmae may be a University, Hiroshima-ken, Japan. 10 or more num- decisive taxonomic character to distinguish the spe- ber of mature gemmae without stalk were picked cies. out from 10 gemma cups with forceps and it were observed under microscope. Result The mature gemmae of M. pinnata and M. poly- morpha exhibited similar morphologies, such as the multicellular discoid bodies with two notches and a trace of stalk. However, they differ in outer shape and size（Fig. 2）. The gemmae of M. pinnata（Fig. 2A） were long gourd-like shaped with 100‒250 µm in width（the distance between the two notches） and 150‒350 µm in height（the farthest distance between the trace of stalk and the margin of gemma）. The maximum size was ca. 250 µm in width and ca. 350 µm in width. On the other hand, the gemmae of Fig. 1. Thalli of Marchantia pinnata bearing gem- M. polymorpha are larger and nearly circular in out- ma cups. er shape, with 200‒500 µm in width and 220‒650 µm Fig. 2. Comparison of outer shape of gemmae in M. pinnata（A） and M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis（B）. Ar- rowheads and asterisks indicate the two notches and a trace of stalk of each gemma respectively. ―2― 蘚苔類研究（Bryol. Res.） 12（1）, July 2019 Fig. 3. Transverse sections of gemmae in M. pinnata（A） and M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis（B）. Arrow- heads indicate the cellular protrusions. Fig. 4. Marginal cells of gemmae in M. pinnata（A） and M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis（B）. Arrows indicate small papillae on the conically mammillose cells. in height（Fig. 2B）. In transverse section, the gem- gion including marginal region with single-cell lay- mae of both species exhibited biconvex shape, thin- ered. In M. pinnata, the number of oil cell was ning out from the middle with multicellular layer to- smaller and restricted to the central region with ward to margin with single-cell layered（Fig. 3）. In multicellular thickness. In M. pinnata, the two apical M. pinnata, there were some indentations on the sur- notches are shallow and have no mucilage hairs（Fig. face due to the cellular protrusions（Fig. 3A）. On the 5A）. In M. polymorpha, the notches are more deep other hand, the surface of gemma was flat and and apical cells in the bottom of each notch were smooth in M. polymorpha（Fig. 3B）. The margin of covered with several mucilage hairs（Fig. 5B）. gemmae is never entire due to conically mammillose marginal cells with several papillae on marginal cells Discussion （Fig. 4A）. It contrasts with that of M. polymorpha with smooth margin（Fig. 4B）. In M. polymorpha, id- In general, the morphology of gemmae are very ioblastic oil cells sporadically distributed whole re- uniform throughout the genus Marchantia and it ―3― 蘚苔類研究（Bryol. Res.） 12（1）, July 2019 Fig. 5. Notches of gemmae in M. pinnata（A） and M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis（B）. An arrow indicates the apical notch covered with mucilage hairs. does not helpful to identify the species（Evans 1917, genus might provide surely species identification ap- Bischler 1993）. The morphological diversity of gem- proaches based on vegetative thallus. mae in the genus Marchantia has not received corre- sponding attention, despite physiological and develop- Specimens examined: M. pinnata Steph., Japan, mental research has been conducted in a common Kyushu, Kagoshima-Ken, Kirishima-Shi, Makizono- species, M. polymorpha（Mirbel 1835, Equihua 1987, Cho, Shimonakatsugawa, 100 m alt. on moist boulder Bowman 2016）. In this study, the morphological de- by roadside. October 20, 2018. Zheng 2（HIRO）; M. scription of gemmae in M. pinnata has been given polymorpha L. subsp. ruderalis Bischl. & Boissel.- firstly. It indicated that there is considerable mor- Dub., Japan, Honshu, Hiroshima-Ken, Higashihiroshi- phological diversity of gemma within the genus. Mor- ma-Shi, Kagamiyama, 230 m alt. on soil in open site. phological characters of gemma in M. pinnata, such November 1, 2018. Zheng 6（HIRO）. as gourd-like shape, smaller size, mamillose and pap- illose on the surface and no mucilage hairs in notch- Literature cited es were clearly different from that of M. polymorpha. Bischler, H. （1987）. The typification and synonymy of The gourd-like shape and smaller size of gemma in Japanese Marchantias described by Stephani. Bryolo- M. pinnata are similar to that of juvenile gemmae of gist 90: 331‒336. M. polymorpha（see Shimamura 2016）. However, the Bischler-Causse, H. （1993）. Marchantia L. The Asiatic morphological differences shown here does not de- and Oceanic taxa. Bryophyt. Bibl. 38: 1‒179. Bonner, C. E. B.（1953）. An unpublished section of vol. 6 rived from the different developmental stages. Be- of Stephani’s Species Hepaticarum the genus March- cause even after the several weeks cultivation in ar- antia. Candollea 14: 101‒112. tificial condition, these characters are stable, as long Bowman J. L.（2016）. A brief history of Marchantia from as the gemmae remained internal of gemma cup Greece to genomics. Plant Cell Physiol. 57: 210‒229. Cavers, F.（1903）. On asexual reproduction and regener- （data not shown）. ation in Hepaticae. New Phytologist 2: 121‒133. In the genus Marchantia, the morphology of sexual Equihua, C.（1987）. Diseminatición de yemas en March- branches（archegoniophore and antheridiophore） are antia polymorpha L. Cryptogam. Bryol. Lichénol. 8: relatively species-specific and are useful to identify 199‒217. Evans, A.W.（1917）. The American species of Marchan- the species. However, the plants during vegetative tia. Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci. 21: 201‒313. growth with no sexual branches are sometimes lack- Hattori, S. （1952）. Hepaticae of Shikoku and Kyushu, ing decisive morphological characters. Further com- Southern Japan（2）. J. Hattori. Bot. 8: 21‒46. prehensive researches on gemma morphology in the Horikawa, Y. （1939）. Bryophyta. In Asahina, Y. （ed.） ―4― 蘚苔類研究（Bryol. Res.） 12（1）, July 2019 Nippon Inkwasyokubutu Dukan, Sanseido, Tokyo. Mizutani, M. （1984）. Checklist of Japanese Hepaticae pp.783‒992.（in Japanese） and Anthocerotae. Proc. Bryol. Soc. Japan 3: 155‒163. Lu, Y-W. & S.-F. Huang,（2017）. Marchantia L.（March - （in Japanese） antiaceae-Marchantiophyta） in Taiwan. Taiwania 62: Shimamura, M.（2015）. Marchantia polymorpha: Taxono- 55‒62. my, phylogeny and morphology of a model system. Mirbel C. -F.（1835）. Researches anatomiques et physi- Plant Cell Physiol.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Genetic Analysis of the Liverwort Marchantia Polymorpha Reveals That
    Research Genetic analysis of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha reveals that R2R3MYB activation of flavonoid production in response to abiotic stress is an ancient character in land plants Nick W. Albert1 , Amali H. Thrimawithana2 , Tony K. McGhie1 , William A. Clayton1,3, Simon C. Deroles1 , Kathy E. Schwinn1 , John L. Bowman4 , Brian R. Jordan3 and Kevin M. Davies1 1The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand; 2The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; 3Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand; 4School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia Summary Author for correspondence: The flavonoid pathway is hypothesized to have evolved during land colonization by plants Kevin M. Davies c. 450 Myr ago for protection against abiotic stresses. In angiosperms, R2R3MYB transcription Tel: +64 6 3556123 factors are key for environmental regulation of flavonoid production. However, angiosperm Email: [email protected] R2R3MYB gene families are larger than those of basal plants, and it is not known whether the Received: 29 October 2017 regulatory system is conserved across land plants. We examined whether R2R3MYBs regulate Accepted: 19 December 2017 the flavonoid pathway in liverworts, one of the earliest diverging land plant lineages. We characterized MpMyb14 from the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha using genetic New Phytologist (2018) 218: 554–566 mutagenesis, transgenic overexpression, gene promoter analysis, and transcriptomic and doi: 10.1111/nph.15002 chemical analysis. MpMyb14 is phylogenetically basal to characterized angiosperm R2R3MYB flavonoid regulators. Key words: CRISPR/Cas9, evolution, Mpmyb14 knockout lines lost all red pigmentation from the flavonoid riccionidin A, flavonoid, liverwort, MYB, stress.
    [Show full text]
  • From Southern Africa. 1. the Genus Dumortiera and D. Hirsuta; the Genus Lunularia and L
    Bothalia 23,1: 4 9 -5 7 (1993) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Dumortiera and D. hirsuta; the genus Lunularia and L. cruciata S.M. PEROLD* Keywords: Dumortiera, D. hirsuta, Dumortieroideae, Hepaticae, Lunularia, L cruciata. Lunulariaceae, Marchantiaceae, Marchantiales, taxonomy, southern Africa, Wiesnerellaceae ABSTRACT The genera Dumortiera (Dumortieroideae, Marchantiaceae) and Lunularia (Lunulariaceae), are briefly discussed. Each genus is represented in southern Africa by only one subcosmopolitan species, D. hirsuta (Swartz) Nees and L. cruciata (L.) Dum. ex Lindberg respectively. UITTREKSEL Die genusse Dumortiera (Dumortieroideae, Marchantiaceae) en Lunularia (Lunulariaceae) word kortliks bespreek. In suidelike Afrika word elke genus verteenwoordig deur slegs een halfkosmopolitiese spesie, D. hirsuta (Swartz) Nees en L. cruciata (L.) Dum. ex Lindberg onderskeidelik. DUMORTIERA Nees Monoicous or dioicous. Antheridia sunken in subses­ sile disciform receptacles, which are fringed with bristles Dumortiera Nees ab Esenbeck in Reinwardt, Blume and borne singly at apex of thallus on short bifurrowed & Nees ab Esenbeck, Hepaticae Javanicae, Nova Acta stalk. Archegonia in groups of 8—16 in saccate, fleshy Academiae Caesareae Leopoldina-Carolinae Germanicae involucres, on lower surface of 6—8-lobed disciform Naturae Curiosorum XII: 410 (1824); Gottsche et al.: 542 receptacle with marginal sinuses dorsally, raised on stalk (1846); Schiffner: 35 (1893); Stephani: 222 (1899); Sim: with two rhizoidal furrows; after fertilization and 25 (1926); Muller: 394 (1951-1958); S. Amell: 52 (1963); maturation, each involucre generally containing a single Hassel de Men^ndez: 182 (1963). Type species: Dumor­ sporophyte consisting of foot, seta and capsule; capsule tiera hirsuta (Swartz) Nees. wall unistratose, with annular thickenings, dehiscing irre­ gularly.
    [Show full text]
  • L-Myo-Inositol-1-Phosphate Synthase from Bryophytes: 245 Purification and Characterization of the Enzyme from Lunularia Cruciata (L.) Dum
    2009 BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY DOI 00.0000/S00000-000-0000-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE L- myo-Inositol-1-phosphate synthase from bryophytes: purification and characterization of the enzyme from Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum. Dhani Raj Chhetri1*, Sachina Yonzone1, Sanjeeta Tamang1 and Asok Kumar Mukherjee2 1 Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling-734 101, WB, India. 2 Department of Biotechnology, Bengal College of Engineering and Technology Bidhan Nagar, Durgapur-713 212, WB, India. * Corresponding author. Post box No. 79, Darjeeling-H.P.O., Darjeeling-734 101, WB, India; e-mail: [email protected] Received: 07 January 2009; Accepted: 28 October 2009. ABSTRACT L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS; EC: 5.5.1.4) catalyzes the conversion of D-glucose-6-phosphate to 1L-myo-inositol- 1-phosphate, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of all inositol containing compounds. Myo-inositol and its derivatives are implicated in membrane biogenesis, cell signaling, salinity stress tolerance and a number of other metabolic reactions in different organisms. This enzyme has been reported from a number of bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. In the present study some bryophytes available in the Eastern Himalaya have been screened for free myo-inositol content. It is seen that Bryum coronatum, a bryopsid shows the highest content of free myo-inositol among the species screened. Subsequently , the enzyme MIPS has been partially purified to the tune of about 70 fold with approximately 18% recovery form the reproductive part bearing gametophytes of Lunularia cruciata. The L. cruciata synthase specifically utilized D-glucose-6-phosphate and NAD+ as its substrate and co-factor respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Mount Sibayak North Sumatra, Indonesia Marchantia
    BIOTROPIA Vol. 20 No. 2, 2013: 73 - 80 DOI: 10.11598/btb.2013.20.2.3 THE LIVERWORT GENUS MARCHANTIA (MARCHANTIACEAE) OF MOUNT SIBAYAK NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA ETTI SARTINA SIREGAR1,2 , NUNIK S. ARIYANTI 3 , and SRI S.TJITROSOEDIRDJO3,4 1 Plant Biology Graduate Program, Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, IPB-Campus Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia 2University of Sumatra Utara, Medan, Indonesia 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, IPB-Campus Darmaga, Bogor Indonesia 4 SEAMEO BIOTROP, Jl. Raya Tajur km 6, Bogor, Indonesia Received 21 January 2013/Accepted 02 July 2013 ABSTRACT Knowledge on the liverworts (Marchantiophyta) flora of Sumatra is very scanty including that of genusMarchantia (Marchantiaceae). This study was conducted to explore the diversity of Marchantia in Mount Sibayak North Sumatra, Indonesia. Altogether, seven species of Marchantia are found in Mount Sibayak North Sumatra, of which five are previously known (Marchantia acaulis , M. emarginata , M. geminata , M. paleacea , and M. treubii ), while one is as new species record (M. polymorpha ) for Sumatra, and one species has not been identified ( Marchantia sp. ). An identification key to the species of Marchantia from Sumatra is provided. Key words: Liverwort,Marchantia , Marchantiaceae, Mount Sibayak, North Sumatra INTRODUCTION Marchantia L. is one of the largest genera in the liverworts order Marchantiales. This genus is represented by 36 species found in the world (Bischler-Causse 1998). In Indonesia especially Sumatra, the floristic work onMarchantia is still very scarce. Herzog (1943) in his study of liverworts from Sumatra, recorded three species of Marchantia,namely M. emarginata , M. mucilaginosa and M.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Joel Duff
    Dr. R. Joel Duff – Summer 2010 CV CURRICULUM VITAE: ROBERT JOEL DUFF Department of Biology University of Akron Akron, OH 44325‐3908 Work: 330‐972‐6077; Home: 330‐835‐4267; fax: 330‐972‐8445 e‐mail: [email protected] _______________________________________________________________________________ EDUCATION 1995. Ph.D. – Molecular systematics and evolution. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Botany. Dissertation: Restriction site variation and structural analysis of the chloroplast DNA of Isoetes in North America. Advisor: Dr. Edward E. Schilling. 1991. M.S. ‐ Botany. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Botany. Thesis: An electrophoretic study of two closely related species of Isoetes L. from the southern Appalachians. Advisor: Dr. A. Murray Evans. 1989. B.S. ‐ Biology. Calvin College, Grand Rapids, Michigan. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE August 2010 – present Professor, Biology, University of Akron August 2005 – July 2010 Associate Professor, Biology, University of Akron August 2006 – 2008. Associate Chair, Dept. of Biology, University of Akron August 1999 – July 2005. Assistant Professor, Biology, University of Akron. October 1998‐ July 1999. Postdoctoral Research Associate. Southern Illinois University, Dept. Plant Biology. Characterization of chloroplast DNA genomes of holoparasitic plants. Laboratory of Dr. Daniel L. Nickrent. March – September 1998. Postdoctoral Research Associate. Southern Illinois University. Molecular physiological studies of desiccation tolerance in Tortula ruralis (Bryophyta). Laboratory
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into Land Plant Evolution Garnered from the Marchantia
    Insights into Land Plant Evolution Garnered from the Marchantia polymorpha Genome John Bowman, Takayuki Kohchi, Katsuyuki Yamato, Jerry Jenkins, Shengqiang Shu, Kimitsune Ishizaki, Shohei Yamaoka, Ryuichi Nishihama, Yasukazu Nakamura, Frédéric Berger, et al. To cite this version: John Bowman, Takayuki Kohchi, Katsuyuki Yamato, Jerry Jenkins, Shengqiang Shu, et al.. Insights into Land Plant Evolution Garnered from the Marchantia polymorpha Genome. Cell, Elsevier, 2017, 171 (2), pp.287-304.e15. 10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.030. hal-03157918 HAL Id: hal-03157918 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03157918 Submitted on 3 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Article Insights into Land Plant Evolution Garnered from the Marchantia polymorpha Genome Graphical Abstract Authors John L. Bowman, Takayuki Kohchi, Katsuyuki T. Yamato, ..., Izumi Yotsui, Sabine Zachgo, Jeremy Schmutz Correspondence [email protected] (J.L.B.), [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Anthoceros Genomes Illuminate the Origin of Land Plants and the Unique Biology of Hornworts
    ARTICLES https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0618-2 Anthoceros genomes illuminate the origin of land plants and the unique biology of hornworts Fay-Wei Li 1,2 ✉ , Tomoaki Nishiyama 3, Manuel Waller4, Eftychios Frangedakis5, Jean Keller 6, Zheng Li7, Noe Fernandez-Pozo 8, Michael S. Barker 7, Tom Bennett 9, Miguel A. Blázquez 10, Shifeng Cheng11, Andrew C. Cuming 9, Jan de Vries 12, Sophie de Vries 13, Pierre-Marc Delaux 6, Issa S. Diop4, C. Jill Harrison14, Duncan Hauser1, Jorge Hernández-García 10, Alexander Kirbis4, John C. Meeks15, Isabel Monte 16, Sumanth K. Mutte 17, Anna Neubauer4, Dietmar Quandt18, Tanner Robison1,2, Masaki Shimamura19, Stefan A. Rensing 8,20,21, Juan Carlos Villarreal 22,23, Dolf Weijers 17, Susann Wicke 24, Gane K.-S. Wong 25,26, Keiko Sakakibara 27 and Péter Szövényi 4,28 ✉ Hornworts comprise a bryophyte lineage that diverged from other extant land plants >400 million years ago and bears unique biological features, including a distinct sporophyte architecture, cyanobacterial symbiosis and a pyrenoid-based carbon- concentrating mechanism (CCM). Here, we provide three high-quality genomes of Anthoceros hornworts. Phylogenomic analy- ses place hornworts as a sister clade to liverworts plus mosses with high support. The Anthoceros genomes lack repeat-dense centromeres as well as whole-genome duplication, and contain a limited transcription factor repertoire. Several genes involved in angiosperm meristem and stomatal function are conserved in Anthoceros and upregulated during sporophyte development, suggesting possible homologies at the genetic level. We identified candidate genes involved in cyanobacterial symbiosis and found that LCIB, a Chlamydomonas CCM gene, is present in hornworts but absent in other plant lineages, implying a possible conserved role in CCM function.
    [Show full text]
  • Lectotypification of the Linnaean Name Marchantia Hemisphaerica L
    Cryptogamie, Bryologie, 2013, 34 (1): 89-91 © 2013 Adac. Tous droits réservés Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Marchantia hemisphaerica L. (Aytoniaceae) Duilio IAMONICOa*, Mauro IBERITEb aLaboratory of Phytogeography and Applied Geobotany, Dept. DATA, Sect. Environment and Landscape, University of Rome Sapienza, Via Flaminia 72, 00196 Rome, Italy bDepartment of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy Résumé – La typification du nom Marchantia hemisphaerica L. [≡ Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi] (Aytoniaceae) est discutée. Un spécimen de l’herbier Linnaeus (LINN) est désigné comme lectotype. Noms linnéens / Marchantia / Reboulia / typification Abstract – The typification of the name Marchantia hemisphaerica L. [≡ Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi] (Aytoniaceae) is discussed. A specimen from the Linnaean Herbarium (LINN) is designated as the lectotype. Linnaean names / Marchantia / Reboulia / typification Marchantia L. (Marchantiaceae Lindl.) is a genus of 36 species with a worldwide distribution (Bischler, 1998). Linnaeus (1753) published seven names under Marchantia (Jarvis, 2007) of which only two (M. chenopoda and M. polymorpha) are now referred to the genus. The other names apply to species that are now placed in other genera (see Jarvis, 2007: 655-656). Among them is M. hemisphaerica L., a species now referred to the genus Reboulia Raddi (1818), as R. hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi. As this name appears to be untypified, a typification is undertaken here. The protologue of M. hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1753: 1138) consists of a short morphological diagnosis, taken from Linnaeus (1737: 424, 1745: 932) and van Royen (1740: 507), with three synonyms cited from Micheli (1729: t. 2 f. 2), Dillenius (1741: t. 75 f. 2) and Buxbaum (1728: t.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Activities of in Vitro Liverwort Marchantia Polymorpha L. Extracts
    Tran QT et al . (2020) Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(2):826-838 DOI:10.15835/nbha48211884 Notulae Botanicae Horti AcademicPres Research Article Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca Biological activities of in vitro liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. extracts Tan Q. TRAN 1, Hoang N. PHAN 2, Anh L. BUI 3, Phuong N. D. QUACH 3* 1University of Science, Vietnam National University, Faculty of Biology - Biotechnology, Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; [email protected] 2University of Science, Vietnam National University, Faculty of Biology - Biotechnology, Department of Plant Physiology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; [email protected] 3University of Science, Vietnam National University, Faculty of Biology - Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotech and Biotransformation, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; [email protected] ; [email protected] (*corresponding author) Abstract To overcome the problems in liverwort collecting such as small size and easily mixed with other species in the wild, we have successfully cultivated Marchantia polymorpha L. under in vitro conditions in the previous study. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biological activities of this in vitro biomass as a confirmation of the sufficient protocol in cultivation this species. Cultured biomass was dried at a temperature of 45-50 oC to constant weight and ground into a fine powder. The coarse powder was extracted with organic solvents of increasing polarization including n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol using the maceration technique. Four extracts were investigated antioxidant (iron reduction power, DPPH), antibacterial (agar diffusion), tyrosinase inhibitory activity, anti-proliferation on MCF-7 cells. Additionally, the presence of natural metabolite groups of the extracts was detected by using specific reagents.
    [Show full text]
  • Oil Body Formation in Marchantia Polymorpha Is Controlled By
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.02.971010; this version posted March 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Oil body formation in Marchantia polymorpha is controlled by 2 MpC1HDZ and serves as a defense against arthropod herbivores 3 4 Facundo Romani, 1,7 Elizabeta Banic, 2,7 Stevie N. Florent, 3 Takehiko Kanazawa, 4 Jason Q.D. 5 Goodger, 5 Remco Mentink, 2 Tom Dierschke, 3, 6 Sabine Zachgo, 6 Takashi Ueda, 4 John L. Bowman, 6 3 Miltos Tsiantis, 2* Javier E. Moreno 1* 7 8 1. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral – CONICET, 9 Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, 10 Colectora Ruta Nacional No. 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina. 11 2. Department of Comparative Development and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding 12 Research, Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany. 13 3. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. 14 4. Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, 15 Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan 16 5. School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. 17 6. Botany Department, School of Biology and Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Barbarastraße 11, 18 49076 Osnabrück, Germany. 19 7. Equal contribution 20 *Correspondence: [email protected] ; [email protected] 21 22 23 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.02.971010; this version posted March 3, 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Marchantia Berteroana | Plantz Africa About:Reader?Url=
    Marchantia berteroana | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/marchantia-berteroana pza.sanbi.org Marchantia berteroana | Plantz Africa What is a liverwort? A liverwort is a small leafless, flowerless, spore-producing plant. Liverworts were the first of the early green land plants to evolve (after algae and before the ferns), about 500 million years ago, making them the oldest living land plants! Liverworts are grouped into three main groups according to their structure: the simple thalloid, complex thalloid and leafy liverworts. Marchantia belongs to the complex thalloid group. The Marchantia thallus (plant body) is a flattened strap-like structure, 325 -925 µm thick, divided into three layers: the upper layer with pores (under a lens it can be seen to be dotted with closely crowded, whitish pores) with smooth, somewhat glossy surface, the middle layer with air pockets and chloroplast-containing cells, and the lower layer that stores carbohydrates. The thallus of Marchantia berteroana is yellow-green to green or reddish-brown, 600-900 µm thick, with branches up to 20 mm long and about 12 mm wide, with wavy margins. The thallus has scales on the lower surface (ventral scales) that extend nearly to the margins, and rhizoids (hair-like structures that act as roots) with which it attaches to its substrate. The life cycle is divided into two phases alternating with each other: the dominant haploid gametophyte phase (with a single set of unpaired chromosomes); actually the flat green plant that you see and which is responsible for all the plant's metabolic functions — photosynthesis, gas exchange and water absorption.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 1, Chapter 3-1: Sexuality: Sexual Strategies
    Glime, J. M. and Bisang, I. 2017. Sexuality: Sexual Strategies. Chapt. 3-1. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. 3-1-1 Physiological Ecology. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 3 June 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. CHAPTER 3-1 SEXUALITY: SEXUAL STRATEGIES JANICE M. GLIME AND IRENE BISANG TABLE OF CONTENTS Expression of Sex ......................................................................................................................................... 3-1-2 Unisexual and Bisexual Taxa ........................................................................................................................ 3-1-2 Sex Chromosomes ................................................................................................................................. 3-1-6 An unusual Y Chromosome ................................................................................................................... 3-1-7 Gametangial Arrangement ..................................................................................................................... 3-1-8 Origin of Bisexuality in Bryophytes ............................................................................................................ 3-1-11 Monoicy as a Derived/Advanced Character? ........................................................................................ 3-1-11 Multiple Reversals ..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]