DOCSLIB.ORG

A Properly Balanced Reduction Diet And/Or Supplementation Solve the Problem with the Deficiency of These Vitamins Soluble In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Properly Balanced Reduction Diet And/Or Supplementation Solve the Problem with the Deficiency of These Vitamins Soluble In nutrients Article A Properly Balanced Reduction Diet and/or Supplementation Solve the Problem with the Deficiency of These Vitamins Soluble in Water in Patients with PCOS Małgorzata Szczuko 1,* , Iwona Szydłowska 2 and Jolanta Nawrocka-Rutkowska 2 1 Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland 2 Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-256 Szczecin, Poland; [email protected] (I.S.); [email protected] (J.N.-R.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-91-4414810 Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an increasingly common problem for women in the reproductive age throughout the entire world. A reduction diet with a low glycaemic index (GI) has proved to support the treatment of PCOS. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of the diet on the level of vitamins soluble in water. The study included 55 women, 40 of which suffered from PCOS (identified by means of the Rotterdam Criteria) and 15 healthy women of the Caucasian race. The level of vitamins before and after the dietary intervention was measured. The diet was a reduction diet with a reduced glycaemic index (GI). Biochemical analyses were made on the basis of liquid chromatography—Infinity 1260 Binary liquid chromatography (LC) Agilent Technology. Citation: Szczuko, M.; Szydłowska, The level of vitamins in the serum was analysed together with the consumption before and after the I.; Nawrocka-Rutkowska, J. A dietary intervention. A higher level of vitamin C in the plasma was observed before and after the Properly Balanced Reduction Diet dietary intervention in the PCOS group in comparison to the control group despite the lower intake and/or Supplementation Solve the of this vitamin in the PCOS group. The remaining vitamins were at a comparable or lower level (B1, Problem with the Deficiency of These B3, B5, B6 and B12). After the dietary intervention, only B1 and B9 were at a clearly lower level (a Vitamins Soluble in Water in Patients trend of p = 0.093 and p = 0.085). A properly balanced reduction diet with reduced GI improves the with PCOS. Nutrients 2021, 13, 746. supply of vitamins in women with PCOS. An additional recommendation should be the additional https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030746 supplementation of B1, niacinamide and the combination of folates with inositol. The level of vitamin C in the plasma may not be a good marker of its supply in the PCOS group. Academic Editor: Konstantinos Tziomalos Keywords: PCOS; vitamins; thiamine; folates; niacin; ascorbic acid Received: 25 January 2021 Accepted: 22 February 2021 Published: 26 February 2021 1. Introduction Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed on the basis of at least two out of with regard to jurisdictional claims in three Rotterdam Criteria from 2003 [1]: published maps and institutional affil- - hyperandrogenism, iations. - or its clinical manifestations, such as androgenic baldness, hirsutism, - menstruation and ovulation disorders, - enlarged (ovary volume > 10 cm3) or polycystic ovaries (at least 12 follicles) visible in an ultrasound image. Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. When it comes to metabolism, PCOS is characterised by disorders in carbohydrate Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article metabolism, which is accompanied by insulin resistance [2]. Furthermore, the fat build-up distributed under the terms and of internal organs, particularly, the presence of NAFLD, is the domain of women [3,4]. A conditions of the Creative Commons study published in 2017 proved that the implementation of a reduction diet combined Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// with physical activity had an influence on the reduction in body mass in patients and creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ on the improvement of biochemical parameters, mainly of the lipid profile, which is 4.0/). often disturbed [5]. Therefore, it seems that PCOS is a syndrome that includes numerous Nutrients 2021, 13, 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030746 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Nutrients 2021, 13, 746 2 of 10 disorders that originate in metabolic defects leading to the development of obesity. The presence of the symptoms depends on the effective functioning of the entire organism, while the dysfunction of ovaries is a consequence of metabolic disorders. Women with PCOS are also in the risk group of developing type 2 diabetes, which makes more sensitive to insulin. This is why metformin is often used in the treatment of PCOS. Unfortunately, this medicine has an influence on the reduction in vitamin B12 levels after just a few months of intake and is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of homocysteine [6]. Moreover, the inability to get pregnant and random stillbirth in women with PCOS may also be a consequence of the clinical deficiency of B12 [7]. In addition, in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, stillbirth was observed more frequently than in women with correct homocysteine concentration [8]. The authors have a hypothesis that vitamins soluble in water that have antioxidant properties and participate in metabolic transformations as regulators may be supplemented together with a reduction diet, thus being beneficial in the treatment of PCOS. In the available literature, we did not find information on the influence of a balanced reduction diet on the supplementation of nutritional deficiencies with regards to vitamins soluble in water in women with PCOS. We were interested whether the supply combined with a properly balanced reduction diet proves sufficient to negate the differences with the control group, whether this type of diet should also additionally include supplementation and if so—what vitamins should be selected. We were interested whether the supply with an appropriately balanced reduction diet is enough to eliminate the difference in comparison to the control group or whether this type of diet should also include supplementation with specific vitamins (which ones?). We decided to check whether the reduction diet with a low glycaemic index (GI), but rich in vitamins can improve the status of vitamins soluble in water in women with PCOS. To do this, we compared the results to those of women with PCOS who did not decide to change the diet, as well as to healthy women with excluded PCOS. 2. Material and Methods The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin and was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Decla- ration of Helsinki, institutional policy, and national law. All study participants consciously expressed their consent to participate in the study. 2.1. Study Group In total, 55 women of the Caucasian race participated in the study—40 patients aged 32.52 ± 7.12 years with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS-I) diagnosed on the basis of the Rotterdam criteria: 2 out of 3 of the following criteria—rare ovulations or lack of ovulations and/or biochemical symptoms of hyperandrogenism and/or image of polycystic ovaries in USG (Ultrasound Voluson 730, GE, Switzerland). The control group (CG) consisted of 15 women aged 31.23 ± 6.3 years and the correct BMI of 22.1 ± 1.5 without PCOS. All par- ticipants of the study were subjected to the measurements of anthropometric bioelectrical impedance (Akern, BIA-101, Firenze, Italy). Only 18 women with polycystic ovary syndrome who followed the recommendations and diet were qualified for stage 2 of the study (PCOS-II). The verification was conducted on the basis of a nutritional interview and body mass reduction—a minimum of 2 kg in 3 months. Lastly, the measurement of the content of vitamins in the plasma was conducted and compared between the groups in accordance with Figure1. All of the women were in the childbearing age and their anthropometric parameters are presented in Table1. 2.2. Quantitative Dietary Assessment The following methods were used to gather data on product consumption: food diary referring to the last 3 days at the start of the study. The focus was on a one-day food record from the last 24-h dietary interview when the patient returned for a control visit. The Nutrients 2021, 13, 746 3 of 10 data collected from the diaries and interviews included the following: quantity, way of Nutrients 2021, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW preparation, the time of consumption of each meal and the ingredients that were used. 3 of 10 The menus were taken on Thursday and Friday as well as on Saturday or Sunday. Using computer software Dieta 6D (National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland), we analysed a total of 162 dietary menus of women suffering from PCOS. Figure 1. FigureStudy 1. design.Study design. Table 1. The characteristics of the study group and the control group. Table 1. The characteristics of the study group and the control group. Parameter PCOS Patients Control Group (CG) p ParameterAge (year) PCOS 32.52 ± Patients7.12 30.23Control± 6.31 Group (CG) NS p Age (year)Height (m)32.52 1.67 ± 0.06± 7.12 1.68 ± 0.0630.23 ± 6.31 NS NS HeightBody (m) mass (kg) 82.751.67± ±15.6 0.06 62.76 ± 6.671.68 ± 0.061 × 10−6 NS 2 −6 Body massBMI (kg) (kg/m ) 82.7529.65 ± ±6.76 15.6 22.22 ± 1.5262.76 ± 6.671 × 10 1 × 10−6 Fat mass (%) 39.54 ± 8.08 25.65 ± 3.96 × −6 BMI (kg/m2) 29.65 ± 6.76 22.22 ± 1.521 10 1 × 10−6 Waist circumference (cm) 99.87 ± 15.65 74.75 ± 5.01 1 × 10−6 Fat mass (%) 39.54 ± 8.08 25.65 ± 3.96 1 × 10−6 Hip circumference (cm) 109.45 ± 8.96 95.85 ± 4.88 1 × 10−6 −6 Waist circumferenceWHR (cm) 99.87 0.92 ± ±0.08 15.65 0.78 ± 0.0374.75 * ± 5.011 × 10−6 1 × 10 Hip circumferenceWHR—waist-to-height (cm) ratio; BMI—body109.45 mass index; ± 8.96 *—it does not seem necessary95.85 to ± apply 4.88 WHR in patients 1 × 10−6 with correct body mass; NS—no statistically significant differences.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Multi Vitamin Formulations
    Multi Vitamin Formulations The gender-specific men’s and women’s multivitamins and the nerve tissue supplement contain ingredients in a form that the body can easily use, in the recommended daily amounts. These ingredients promote the health of the heart, brain, muscle, bone and other parts of the body by giving them the nutrients they need to function properly. This document goes into what is in each supplement, why those ingredients are present (and in what amounts) and what that particular ingredient does in the body. All ingredients in the supplements are natural and nontoxic, and help support good health. Ingredient review for the Multi Vitamin Supplement The broad-spectrum multivitamins were formulated for men and women according to the current knowledge of daily required amounts of nutrients, and the differences in need (as in iron) between men and women. The polyphenolics, probiotics, and secondary nutrients like carnitine and ubiquinone (CoQ10) were added to help supplement the daily diet, and to help support the tissue-support supplement that it is meant to be taken along with. The focus of this section reviewing the multi-vitamin offering is to understand how these ingredients work in the body to improve overall health, and how the formula compares to the new recommended daily intake values for food and dietary supplements in the updated 21CFR section 101.9 [1]. The ingredient list and dosages for the men’s and women’s multivitamins are described in the table below. Table 1: Overview of the gender specific Multi-Vitamin Ingredient
    [Show full text]
  • B Active™ B Active™
    ÎÇÊ*/Ê >iÀ £ÉÓ»Ê*ÀÌ>LiÊ À`iÀ £{Ê*/ -ÕL i>`}Ê B Active™ 2[X]XRP[0__[XRPcX^]b UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊi>Ì ÞÊ,iëÃiÊÌÊ-ÌÀiÃÃÊ>`Ê>Ì}Õi UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊ >ÀL Þ`À>ÌiÊiÌ>LÃÉ*ÃÃLÞÊ,i`ÕViÊ Ã ÎÉ{»Ê À`iÀ UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊi>Ì ÞÊ iÀÛÕÃÊ-ÞÃÌiÉ`Ài>ÊÉÕiÊÕVÌ £ä*/Ê iÊ*ÕV ià UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊi>Ì ÞÊÀiÊ >>Vi ÌiÌÊ Ý UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊ >À`Û>ÃVÕ>ÀÊi>Ì Ê­VÕ`}ÊL`ÊViî Adbb2P]UXT[S<3 UÊ-Õ««ÀÌÊ }ÌÊ>`Êi>Ì ÞÊ` $$&($& B Active™ contains the entire spectrum of B vitamins to support a very wide range of bodily and stress-related functions. It features activated forms of vitamins B2, B6 and B12, with the addition of Benfotiamine, a patented, safe, fat-soluble, more physiologically-active form of thiamin.* BP]cP5T=<'&$& %%0eT]XSP0[STP All 360 Medicine® Formulas Meet or Exceed cGMP quality Standards 3XbRdbbX^] / iÊÜ>ÌiÀÃÕLiÊ ÊÛÌ>ÃÊ >ÛiÊÌÊLiÊ>LÃÀLi`ÊÊÌ iÊÃ>ÊÌiÃÌiÊ>`ÊÌ iÊ}ÊÌÊÌ iÊÛiÀÊÜ iÀiÊ Ì iÞÊ>ÀiÊLÌÀ>ÃvÀi`ÊÌÊÌ iÀÊ>VÌÛiÊViâÞiÊvÀðÊ>ÃÌÀÌiÃÌ>Ê>`ÉÀÊ i«>ÌVÊ«>ÀiÌÊ ÃÊiÞÊÌÊ>vviVÌÊ>LÃÀ«ÌÊ>`ÊÌ iÊ>VÌÛ>ÌÊ«ÀViÃðÊ*>Ã>Ê«ÞÀ`Ý>Êx½Ê« ë >ÌiÊ­*x*®ÊiÛiÃÊÜiÀiÊ vÕ`ÊÌÊLiÊÃ}vV>ÌÞÊÜiÀÊÌ >ÊÀ>ÊÊÓÓÊÕÌÊvÊΣʫ>ÌiÌÃÊÜÌ Ê«>Ài`ÊÛiÀÊvÕVÌ°£ ÊVÌÛiÊVÌ>ÃÊÛÌ>ÃÊ £]Ê Ó]Ê È]Ê>`Ê £ÓÊÊÌ iÀÊ« ÞÃ}V>Þ>VÌÛiÊvÀÊ>}ÊÌ iÊi>ÃiÀÊ ÌÊ >LÃÀLÊ >`Ê ºÀi>`ÞvÀÕÃi»°Ê ÀÊ iÝ>«i]Ê Ê «>ÌiÌÃÊ ÀiViÛ}Ê «ÞÀ`ÝiÊ ]Ê ÞÊ ÎÎÊ «iÀViÌÊ Àië`i`ÊÜÌ Ê>ÊVÀi>ÃiÊÊ«>Ã>Ê*x*ÆÊ ÜiÛiÀ]ÊÌ iÊiÛiÊVÀi>Ãi`ÊÊ>ÊvÊÌ iÊ«>ÌiÌÃÊÀiViÛ}Ê *x*°£ B Active™ *iÀ >«ÃÊ Ì iÊ ÃÌÊ ÌiÀiÃÌ}Ê }Ài`iÌÊ Ê Ì ÃÊ vÀÕ>Ê ÃÊ ivÌ>iÊ ­-LiâÞÌ >i "« ë >Ìi®]Ê>ÊÃ>vi]Êv>ÌÃÕLiÊ>>}ÊvÊÌ >iÊÌ >ÌÊÌÊÞÊÀ>ÃiÃÊL`Ê>`ÊÌÃÃÕiÊiÛiÃÊvÊ Ì >iÊ>ÌÊi>ÃÌÊvÛiÊÌiÃÊ } iÀÊÌ >ÊÌ iÊÜ>ÌiÀÃÕLiÊÃ>Ì]ÊLÕÌÊ>ÃÊÀi>ÃÊL>Û>>LiÊ>vÌiÀÊÌ iÊÀ>Ê >`ÃÌÀ>ÌÊÕ«ÊÌÊΰÈÊÌiÃÊ}iÀÊÌ >ÊÌ >iÊÃ>Ì°ÓÊ
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Long-Term Oral Benfotiamine Supplementation On
    Pathophysiology/Complications BRIEF REPORT The Effects of Long-Term Oral Benfotiamine Supplementation on Peripheral Nerve Function and Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes A 24-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial 1 1 DAVID A. FRASER, PHD KARI ANNE SVEEN, MD RESEARCH DESIGN AND 2 5,6 LIEN M. DIEP, MSC INGEBJØRG SELJEFLOT, PHD d 3 6,7 METHODS The study recruited 67 INGER ANETTE HOVDEN, MD, PHD KRISTIAN F. HANSSEN, MD, PHD 3,4 individuals with type 1 diabetes during KRISTIAN B. NILSEN, MD, PHD routine appointments at the Norwegian Diabetic Centre. Inclusion criteria were 1 2 d ) age 18 to 60 years (inclusive), )type1 OBJECTIVE To study the effects of long-term oral benfotiamine supplementation on pe- diabetes (.15-year duration), and 3) ripheral nerve function and soluble inflammatory markers in patients with type 1 diabetes. normo- or microalbuminuria. All patients RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSdThe study randomly assigned 67 patients with provided written informed consent. The type 1 diabetes to receive 24-month benfotiamine (300 mg/day) or placebo supplementation. study, which was approved by the re- Peripheral nerve function and levels of soluble inflammatory variables were assessed at baseline gional ethics committee and the Norwe- and at 24 months. gian Medicines Agency, was conducted RESULTSdFifty-nine patients completed the study. Marked increases in whole-blood con- as a parallel, randomized, double-blind, centrations of thiamine and thiamine diphosphate were found in the benfotiamine group (both placebo-controlled prospective trial of P , 0.001 vs. placebo). However, no significant differences in changes in peripheral nerve 24-month duration.
    [Show full text]
  • Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2016 1/41
    Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2016 ATC code ATC group / Active substance (rout of admin.) Quantity sold Unit DDD Unit DDD/1000/ day A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 167,8985 A01 STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0738 A01A STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0738 A01AB Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment 0,0738 A01AB09 Miconazole (O) 7088 g 0,2 g 0,0738 A01AB12 Hexetidine (O) 1951200 ml A01AB81 Neomycin+ Benzocaine (dental) 30200 pieces A01AB82 Demeclocycline+ Triamcinolone (dental) 680 g A01AC Corticosteroids for local oral treatment A01AC81 Dexamethasone+ Thymol (dental) 3094 ml A01AD Other agents for local oral treatment A01AD80 Lidocaine+ Cetylpyridinium chloride (gingival) 227150 g A01AD81 Lidocaine+ Cetrimide (O) 30900 g A01AD82 Choline salicylate (O) 864720 pieces A01AD83 Lidocaine+ Chamomille extract (O) 370080 g A01AD90 Lidocaine+ Paraformaldehyde (dental) 405 g A02 DRUGS FOR ACID RELATED DISORDERS 47,1312 A02A ANTACIDS 1,0133 Combinations and complexes of aluminium, calcium and A02AD 1,0133 magnesium compounds A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+ Magnesium hydroxide (O) 811120 pieces 10 pieces 0,1689 A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+ Magnesium hydroxide (O) 3101974 ml 50 ml 0,1292 A02AD83 Calcium carbonate+ Magnesium carbonate (O) 3434232 pieces 10 pieces 0,7152 DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTRO- A02B 46,1179 OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) A02BA H2-receptor antagonists 2,3855 A02BA02 Ranitidine (O) 340327,5 g 0,3 g 2,3624 A02BA02 Ranitidine (P) 3318,25 g 0,3 g 0,0230 A02BC Proton pump inhibitors 43,7324 A02BC01 Omeprazole
    [Show full text]
  • Benfotiamine By: Gary E
    Benfotiamine By: Gary E. Foresman, MD 08/30/07 Benfotiamine is a lipid soluble form of thiamine (Vitamin B-1). The great advantage of benfotiamine comes from its lipid soluble state, which improves its absorption (bioavailability), making plasma levels of thiamine rise five times higher than when giving regular thiamine. Clinical trials have shown that despite the improved bioavailability, benfotiamine is significantly less toxic than common thiamine (which has no significant toxicity). This basically means you can’t develop benfotiamine toxicity. There are no drug interactions to be concerned about, and there are no known side-effects to this supplement. Furthermore, anyone taking a diuretic, birth control pills, or tricyclic antidepressants, should consider this supplement, as these drugs deplete B-1 from the body. Regular thiamine (B-1) has such limited bioavailability that many conditions keep our body from absorbing enough B-1 to adequately replete itself. This is where benfotiamine has its clinical utility. Most of the clinical research involved with benfotiamine focuses on its utility in preventing the complications of diabetes. But you could also consider benfotiamine important in anyone with insulin resistance or generally concerned about the aging process. You have heard me mention many times before the damage caused by advanced glycation end products (AGE). Succinctly, AGE’s are formed when blood sugar elevates. Abnormal elevations of blood sugar cause sugar to stick to proteins, causing them to malfunction (AGE). This is the primary cause of diabetic complications, especially in the eyes (retinopathy), kidneys (nephropathy), and nerves (neuropathy). It is also one of the primary causes of aging in general and even in non-diabetics associated with the age related changes involved in high blood pressure, vascular aging and Alzheimer’s.
    [Show full text]
  • Nerve Formula Research
    Nerve Formula Research Effectiveness of Different Benfotiamine Dosage Regimens in the Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Winkler G, Pal B, Nagybeganyi E, Ory I, Porochnavec M, Kempler P. 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal St. John's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. Arzneimittelforschung. 1999 Mar;49(3):220-4. Abstract The therapeutic effectiveness of a benfotiamine vitamin B combination, administered in high (4 x 2 capsules/day, = 320 mg benfotiamine/day) and medium doses (3 x 1 capsules/day), was compared to a monotherapy with benfotiamine (3 x 1 tablets/day, = 150 mg benfotiamine/day) in diabetic patients suffering from painful peripheral diabetic neuropathy (DNP). In a 6-week open clinical trial, 36 patients (aged 40 to 70 yrs) having acceptable metabolic control (HbA1c < 8.0%) were randomly assigned to three groups, each of them comprising 12 participants. Neuropathy was assessed by five parameters: the pain sensation (evaluated by a modified analogue visual scale), the vibration sensation (measured with a tuning fork using the Riedel-Seyfert method) and the current perception threshold (CPT) on the peroneal nerve at 3 frequencies: 5, 250 and 2000 Hz). Parameters were registered at the beginning of the study and at the end of the 3rd and 6th week of therapy. An overall beneficial therapeutic effect on the neuropathy status was observed in all three groups during the study, and a significant improvement in most of the parameters studied appeared already at the 3rd week of therapy (p < 0.01). The greatest change occurred in the group of patients receiving the high dose of benfotiamine (p < 0.01 and 0.05, resp., compared to the other groups).
    [Show full text]
  • Benfotiaminebenfotiaminebenfotiamine by Gene Bruno, MS, MHS
    SupplementScience BenfotiamineBenfotiamineBenfotiamine By Gene Bruno, MS, MHS enfotiamine is a lipid-soluble form classic deficiency disease “beriberi,” Benfotiamine for Diabetes of thiamine (vitamin B1) often characterized by:5 Benfotiamine has particularly valuable Bconsidered to be the most effec- • Peripheral neuropathy benefits to offer for individuals with dia- tive of the allithiamine group of natural- • Muscle pain and tenderness betes due to its unusual property of ly occurring, thiamine-derived com- • Rapid heart rate inhibiting three major pathways of dia- pounds, found in trace quantities in • Enlargement of the heart betes-induced vascular damage and roasted crushed garlic and other veg- • Edema (severe swelling due to neuropathy, and also having value in etables from the Allium genus (such as water retention) treating diabetic retinopathy and kidney onions, shallots and leeks). It is • Congestive heart failure damage. The three pathways include absorbed much better than water-solu- the hexosamine pathway, the advanced ble thiamine salts: maximum plasma Causes of Thiamine Deficiency glycation end product (AGE) formation levels of thiamine are about five times While thiamine deficiency is not common pathway and the diacylglycerol (DAG)- higher after benfotiamine, the bioavail- in the U.S., there are situations in which a protein kinase C (PKC) pathway.12 AGEs ability is at maximum about 3.6 times as deficiency may result from an increased are particularly nasty, so inhibition of high as that of thiamine hydrochloride requirement or excessive loss of this their formation is especially desirable. and better than other lipophilic thi- nutrient, as well as consumption of anti- amine derivates.1 thiamine factors.
    [Show full text]
  • YMC HPLC Columns Applications Notebook
    WA30000 HPLC Columns Applications Notebook Table of Contents Click on the items below to go directly to that section of the notebook. To Start a new search, click on Table of Contents Bookmark to the left YMC™ HPLC Column Quality Assurance............................................................2 Guide to YMC™ Part Numbering System ...........................................................3 YMC™ Column Selection Guide ....................................................................4-7 HPLC Troubleshooting and Reference Guide..................................................8-14 List of Applications..................................................................................15-20 1. Vitamins .....................................................................................21 2. Carbohydrates ............................................................................32 3. Nucleic Acids .............................................................................43 4. Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins......................................................48 5. Organic Acids, Fatty Acid Derivatives .............................................60 6. Food Additives ............................................................................62 7. Natural Products ..........................................................................68 8. Steroids......................................................................................77 9. Drugs, Metabolites .......................................................................87
    [Show full text]
  • 197 a Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) , 75, 76, 78 Acetyl L -Carnitine (ALC) , 91, 129 ACT. See Acceptance and Commitm
    Index A Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) , 91, 123 Acceptance and commitment therapy Alternative treatments (ACT) , 75, 76, 78 CAM, western society , 84 Acetyl L -carnitine (ALC) , 91, 129 mind-body therapies , 89–91 ACT. See Acceptance and commitment nutraceuticals therapy (ACT) ALA , 91 Acupuncture ALC , 91 alternative medicine techniques , 85 benfotiamine , 91 chemotherapy-induced peripheral fatty acids , 92 neuropathy , 89 vitamin B12 de fi ciency , 92 Chinese medicine , 84 zinc , 92 description , 66 osteopathic medicine , 83 DPN patients , 187–188 stimulation-based therapies moxibustion , 86 ( see Acupuncture) multicenter randomized controlled traditional medicine , 83 trial , 88–89 American Diabetes Association (ADA) , needles , 86 194–195 opioid receptors and endorphins , 85 Amyotrophy serotonin receptors , 85 asymmetrical proximal leg side effects , 88 weakness , 162 TCM , 86, 88 DPN , 162 timeline , 86, 87 ESR , 162 Acute painful neuropathy MRI, CT/ultrasound , 162 poor glycaemic control , 157 pain , 162 rapid glycaemic control (insulin neuritis) , type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients , 162 157–158 Anticonvulsants, DPN transient neuropathic syndromes , 157 adverse event related withdrawal , Advanced practice registered nurses 178–179 (APRNs) , 142 effects, quality of life and physical ALA. See Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) functioning , 178 ALC. See Acetyl L -carnitine (ALC) ef fi cacy, individual , 178 Aldose reductase inhibitors (ARI) , 128 epilepsy , 177 Allodynia , 17–19 impacts , 179 Alpha-2-delta ligand agonist antiepileptic inhibition ,
    [Show full text]
  • Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2013 1/44
    Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2013 DDD/1000/ ATC code ATC group / INN (rout of admin.) Quantity sold Unit DDD Unit day A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 146,8152 A01 STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0760 A01A STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0760 A01AB Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment 0,0760 A01AB09 Miconazole(O) 7139,2 g 0,2 g 0,0760 A01AB12 Hexetidine(O) 1541120 ml A01AB81 Neomycin+Benzocaine(C) 23900 pieces A01AC Corticosteroids for local oral treatment A01AC81 Dexamethasone+Thymol(dental) 2639 ml A01AD Other agents for local oral treatment A01AD80 Lidocaine+Cetylpyridinium chloride(gingival) 179340 g A01AD81 Lidocaine+Cetrimide(O) 23565 g A01AD82 Choline salicylate(O) 824240 pieces A01AD83 Lidocaine+Chamomille extract(O) 317140 g A01AD86 Lidocaine+Eugenol(gingival) 1128 g A02 DRUGS FOR ACID RELATED DISORDERS 35,6598 A02A ANTACIDS 0,9596 Combinations and complexes of aluminium, calcium and A02AD 0,9596 magnesium compounds A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium hydroxide(O) 591680 pieces 10 pieces 0,1261 A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium hydroxide(O) 1998558 ml 50 ml 0,0852 A02AD82 Aluminium aminoacetate+Magnesium oxide(O) 463540 pieces 10 pieces 0,0988 A02AD83 Calcium carbonate+Magnesium carbonate(O) 3049560 pieces 10 pieces 0,6497 A02AF Antacids with antiflatulents Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium A02AF80 1000790 ml hydroxide+Simeticone(O) DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTRO- A02B 34,7001 OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) A02BA H2-receptor antagonists 3,5364 A02BA02 Ranitidine(O) 494352,3 g 0,3 g 3,5106 A02BA02 Ranitidine(P)
    [Show full text]
  • Pathophysiology of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 1
    DR DR DR METABOLIC SOLUTIONS FOR VASCULAR AND MEDICAL FOODS | EB-N3 EB-N5 EB-N6 NEUROPATHIC CONDITIONS Therapeutic Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Guide EB-N3 DR EB-N5 DR EB-N6 DR ACTIVE INGREDIENT DESCRIPTION / / Nitric oxide and nerve blood flow L-methylfolate calcium [active folate (pure crystalline)] + Delayed Release – Homocysteine levels Peripheral nerve protein synthesis Methylcobalamin [active vitamin B ] + PATHOLOGY OF 12 – Homocysteine levels Advanced glycation end products PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate [active vitamin B ] – 6 – Homocysteine levels Peripheral nerve blood flow The active pharmaceutical grade Alpha-lipoic acid [antioxidant] + – Oxidative stress ingredients work synergistically to help Cholecalciferol [active vitamin D ] Nerve growth factor normalize and optimize metabolic 3 + factors involved in peripheral nerve and Benfotiamine [active vitamin B 1] – Advanced glycation end products vascular health. Riboflavin [active vitamin B 2] – Homocysteine levels PROPOSED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY 1 Causes are thought to be a multifactorial metabolic process that deteriorates vascular and neuronal tissues. EB-N3 DR EB-N5 DR EB-N6 DR * * * mia Neur Delayed Release Delayed Release Delayed Release che onal l Is De P5P na Redu my L-Methylfolate ro ced eli Benfotiamine eu N na Alpha-lipoic acid N er ti Alpha-lipoic acid L-methylfolate calcium ........6 mg L-methylfolate calcium ........6 mg L-methylfolate calcium ........ 6 mg n/ ve on io G /O Cholicalciferol t ro x c w i Methylcobalamin ..................4 mg Methylcobalamin ..................4 mg Methylcobalamin .................. 4 mg ri d t th a s t n F iv Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate .... 70 mg Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate .....70 mg Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate .....70 mg o Advanced a e c c t S o o t s r r Microvascular Glycation e Riboflavin .................................
    [Show full text]
  • Product Monograph Myelogen
    PRODUCT MONOGRAPH MYELOGEN FORTE NU (Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg) For Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Manufactured By: Date of Preparation: Panacea Biotec Limited. (04 June 2019) (Address as on Package) 1 Table of Contents PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION Page No. SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION 3 INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS 4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 4 ADVERSE REACTIONS 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 11 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 13 OVERDOSAGE 13 ACTION AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 14 STORAGE AND STABILITY 17 SPECIAL HANDLING INSTRUCTIONS 17 DOSAGE FORMS, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING 17 PART II: SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION 18 PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION 18 CLINICAL TRIALS NA TOXICOLOGY NA REFERENCES 22 PART III: CONSUMER INFORMATION 23 2 MYELOGEN FORTE NU (Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg) For Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION Route of Dosage Form / Approved Indications Administration Strength Oral One Capsule of MYELOGEN Diabetic Peripheral FORTE NU Neuropathy in Adults. contains Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg 3 INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in adults developed as a late manifestation of uncontrolled or long-standing diabetes that are treated with more than one antidiabetic drugs and significantly affects quality of life. CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity to any of the components of formulation. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Methylcobalamin: Vitamin B12 should, if possible, not be given to patients with suspected vitamin B12 deficiency without first confirming the diagnosis.
    [Show full text]